From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y.,...
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Transcript of From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y.,...
![Page 1: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0EKalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C., Lang, K., Holak, T. A.:
structure of the IGF-binding domain of the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5): implications for IGF and IGF-I receptor interactions. EMBO J 17 pp. 6558 (1998)
Protein Structure
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FUNCTIONS
Diverse functions related to structureStructural components of cellsMotor proteinsEnzymesAntibodiesHormonesHemoglobin/myoglobinTransport proteins in blood
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STRUCTURE
Amino acidsAmino group (NH2)Carboxyl group
(COOH)
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AMINO ACIDS
20 amino acids make up protein
8 essential amino acids (must be eaten in diet)9 in infant (histidine)
![Page 5: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
PROTEIN STRUCTURE - BONDING
5 bonds or forces determine structurePeptide bondHydrogen bondDisulfide bond Ionic bondHydrophobic force
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PEPTIDE BOND
Peptide bond joins amino acids
Bond at both ends Increases range of
possible proteins1.0 x 1026 peptides
can be formed from 20 amino acids
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CONDENSATION REACTION
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PRIMARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Linear sequence of amino acids forms primary structure (long chain of amino acids)
Sequence essential for proper physiological function
![Page 9: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
Replacement of a
single glutamine
amino acid with
valine in one chain
of hemoglobin alters
the structure and
function of the
protein
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SECONDARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Peptide chains fold into secondary structures to become more compact: - helix - pleated sheet
![Page 11: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 13: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
- PLEATED SHEET
![Page 14: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
BETA HELIX
![Page 15: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Secondary structures fold and pack
together to form tertiary structureUsually globular shape
Tertiary structure stabilized by bonds
between R groups (i.e. sidechains)
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AMINO ACID R-GROUPSAll amino acids contain a carboxyl group and an amino group. R-Groups distinguish between individual amino acids. R-Groups make them different from one another.
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![Page 18: From: Protein Data Bank PDB ID: 1B0E Kalus, W., Zweckstetter, M., Renner, C., Sanchez, Y., Georgescu, J., Grol, M., Demuth, D., Schumacher, R., Dony, C.,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bffa1a28abf838cc04b5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
TERTIARY STRUCTURE - H BOND
Hydrogen bonds are weak electrical attractions between positively and negatively charged atoms of different molecules.
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TERTIARY STRUCTURE - DISULFIDE BOND
Covalent bond between sulfur atoms on two cysteine amino acids
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TERTIARY STRUCTURE - IONIC BOND
Ions on R groups form bridges through ionic bonds
Ionic bonds form from the exchange of electrons between atoms
Example: NaCl (table salt)
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TERTIARY STRUCTURE - HYDROPHOBIC FORCES
Close attraction of non-
polar R groups in the chains
Very weak but collective
interactions over large
areas help stabilize the
protein structure
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ALL BONDS SHOWN TOGETHER
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QUATERNARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE The arrangement of many tertiary structures into one
large protein molecule
Not all proteins have or need a quaternary structure
Allows for changes in structure/function in response
to chemical stimuli