DNA Structure The deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is a long chain of nucleotides which consist of
From DNA to Protein Review Spring 2011. 1 pt The units that make up DNA are called? nucleotides.
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Transcript of From DNA to Protein Review Spring 2011. 1 pt The units that make up DNA are called? nucleotides.
From DNA to Protein Review
Spring 2011
1 pt
• The units that make up DNA are called?
• nucleotides
2 pts
• The sequence of a part of one chain of DNA is CGC AAT CGT, the sequence of its complimentary partner must be?
• GCG TTA GCA
1 pt
• DNA is found in the ______________?
• nucleus
1 pt
• What brings amino acids to the ribosomes for addition to the protein chain?
• Transfer RNA
• tRNA
3 pts
• What are the 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
• 1. DNA has deoxyribose sugar, RNA has Ribose
• 2. DNA has thymine bases and RNA uses Uracil bases
• 3. DNA has a double chain and RNA is a single chain
2 pts
• For the DNA strand below create the mRNA sequence and correct polypeptide sequence?
• DNA: TAC GAT TAG CTA ACC TTC CAA ACT
• mRNA: AUG CUA AUC GAU UGG AAG GUU UGA
• Amino acid sequence: • MET- LEU- ISO- ASP-LEU-LYS- VAL- STOP
2 pts
• Put these protein synthesis events in order 1-5:
a) tRNA picks up amino acids and carries them to the cytoplasm
b) Ribosomes bond mRNA and tRNA
c) A single strand of DNA serves as a template to make mRNA
d) mRNA carries the sequence of nucleotides to the cytoplasm
e) A protein is synthesized
Answer: c, d, a, b, e
1 pt
• The process in which a DNA molecule is copied is called?
• replication
1 pt
• Name the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?• Uracil• Adenine• Guanine• Cytosine
1 pt
• Name the two different types of mutagens that can change the DNA code?
• X-rays, chemicals, random mutation, UV radiation
1 pt
• RNA DNA nucleic acid rRNA
• Which is the term that includes all the others?
• Nucleic acid
1 pt
• The process of copying the DNA code to RNA is called?
• transcription
1pt
• The process of reading the mRNA and creating a protein is called?
• Translation
2 pts
• What two bases are purines?
• Adenine and Guanine
1 pt
• What RNA base pairs with Adenine?
• Uracil
3 pts
• What did Hershey and Chase work with?
• Viruses
• Their experiment proved that DNA was the genetic material responsible for passing on characteristics
3 pts
• What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
• Sugar
• Phosphate
• Nitrogenous base
1 pt
• In what direction does DNA replication occur?
• 5’ to 3’
2 pts
• What are introns?
• Segments of mRNA that do not code for anything
• They are cut out
1 pt
• How many amino acids are there?
• 20
1 pt
• What is the start codon?
• AUG
1 pt
• Name one stop codon….
• UGA, UAA, UAG
2 pts
• What are some functions of proteins?
• Structure: hair, muscle, ligaments
• Enzymes: break down food, speed up chemical reactions
2 pts
• What 2 enzymes are responsible for DNA replication?
• DNA polymerase
• DNA ligase