Free World Magazine
-
Upload
free-world-magazine -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Free World Magazine
Poverty, Inequality and Social exclusion
The stakes of exclusion in India
Data and more
data
Citadelle Lafarrière or a story
of pride and bravery
THROUGH EVA’S LENSES:
Appearances, realities and agents of change
Building a community beyond borders
Free World Magazine | July, 2014 2
Contents
Contents
Politics & Economics 5
The stakes of exclusion in India 5
Poverty is fought with change 8
Data and more data 10
An indifferent reality 12
Culture & Society 14
La Citadelle Lafarrière or a story of pride
and bravery 14
A true story: Kids Circle Haiti 16
Proverbs around the world: Haiti 20
Who wants to eat “ceviche”? 22
Famous quotes 25
Free World Questions 26
Beyond my Thoughts 27
¡A la vista... baby! 29
A window unto the world 29
Through Eva’s lenses: Appearances, realities,
and agents of change 31
Statistics 40
COLLABORATING PARTNERS
IN THIS ISSUE
Associated Writers:
Jorge Gresely (Manta, Ecuador)
Kelly Gène (Paris, France)
Raphaëlle Pallarès (Paris, France)
Laud Marcia Jasmin (Port-au-Prince, Haiti)
Federica Ruggia (Campagna, Italy)
Associated Artists:
Alba Piazza (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Nickeal (Ottawa, Canada)
Katherin Góngora (El Carmen, Ecuador)
Andrés Ganchala (Quito, Ecuador)
Gaby Mero (Quito, Ecuador)
Eva De Luis (Palencia, Spain)
Laure Daudin (Clermont Ferrand, France)
Johalie Jasmin (Port-au-Prince, Haiti)
5 10
22 25
3 Free World Magazine | July, 2014
Editor’s letter/ FW Team
H ello everyone, I’m sure you’re asking yourselves: What is this magazine? So to
every question, there is an answer. Free World Magazine is a media which
looks to provide interesting and engaging articles about what’s happening in
the world, highlighting the fact that we are ever more becoming global citi-
zens, with similar interests, issues, hopes and dreams, as well as important differences that
shape our varying identities. This is a magazine for the average young adult that walks
around with a free spirit and an open mind, dreaming of collecting stamps in his passport.
The subject areas will range from the world’s political and economic debates, to social ques-
tions, and cultural manifestations.
The main theme developed in this first edition is “Poverty, Inequality and Social Exclu-
sion”, international socio-economic pathologies which still exist in our contemporary socie-
ties, in many cases due to public policies which promote social inequality and wealth mis-
distribution.
From Haiti, the American country with the highest number of poor citizens, our Creative
Director, Corrine Joseph brings us “A True Story” about her experience in an orphanage in
Port-au-Prince.
Finally, a special thank you to all our collaborating partners worldwide. Enjoy the read-
ing!
Marco Narea
Free World Magazine’s Editor-in-Chief
EDITOR’S LETTER
Corrine Joseph
Creative Director
Ma. José Viejó
Contents Director
Having obtained a degree in Fo-
reign Trade and International
Negotiation by the Universidad
Laica “Eloy Alfaro” de Manabí
(Ecuador), she’s a member of the
Missionary Baptist Church, and
volunteers at the “Por Amor”
Foundation, where she provides
spiritual and social support for
children at risk.
A Law student at the University
of Ottawa (Canada), with a
previous degree in Communica-
tions, she is involved with
JVEA and Kids Circle, two
volunteer groups mainly focu-
sed on promoting youth involve-
ment in their community and
raising awareness for child
poverty in Haiti.
F W TEAM
5
Politics & Economics
The risks of exclusion in India
By Raphaëlle Pallarès & Kelly Gène
Masters in Crisis Analysis and Humanitarian Action / Members of ERCE (En Route Contre l’Exclusion)
Paris, France
W riting about poverty first requires to at
least give a slight definition of the con-
cept, but such a definition is very varia-
ble. Poverty has a different meaning ac-
cording to countries, continents, cultures, areas and time.
If we add to that the fact that value judgments are always
involved when it comes to defining it, and the fact that its
definitions are often linked to political, economic or his-
torical issues, it becomes easy to picture the difficulty
which lies in defining this concept. To quote the United
Nations, it can be defined as “ the total absence of oppor-
tunities, accompanied by high levels of undernourish-
ment, hunger, illiteracy, lack of education, physical and
mental ailments, emotional and social instability, unhap-
piness, sorrow and hopelessness for the future. Poverty is
also characterized by a chronic shortage of economic,
social and political participation, relegating individuals to
exclusion as social beings, preventing access to the bene-
fits of economic and social development and thereby lim-
iting their cultural development”.
We will try to explain that notion and everything it
implies through the example of India, because of a strik-
ing singularity of this emerging country: for most Indians,
being poor is neither a shame nor an injustice. There, ex-
clusion is tied to a myriad of issues. Most of them are
difficult to grasp because they are closely related to cul-
tural matters. However, as in every country in the world,
poverty is one of them.
In 2012, as members of ERCE, a French association
which aims to promote international solidarity, we went
to South India to work on a project with a local NGO,
INDP India. Once there, we were shocked by the honesty
of that continent-sized country where poverty is nothing
but omnipresent. There, they do not try to hide it; it is
everywhere. It is a reality but also and mainly, a banality.
In Europe, if someone is poor he/she will try to hide it
behind clothes, smiles, social codes etc. In India, as well
as in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh or Nepal, where
poverty is tightly linked to the Jâti of a person (in San-
skrit, birth, belonging to a caste/ a group of people shar-
ing the same status, the same job and/or the same lan-
guage), being poor is not a shame to hide, it is a fact, thus
there is no point in faking.
We quickly realized that the poverty some people are
living in is linked to caste-based discrimination, and to
the notion of karma, though of course it cannot be re-
duced to just those issues. According to the UN, caste
discrimination is ‘discrimination on the basis of work and
descent’. It is an ancient form of oppressive, hierarchical
social organization that classifies people according to
their family of birth. In India, it has remained in place
despite its legal abolition because of its religious back-
ground, as well as the social and economic persecution
POLITICS & ECONOMICS Now to serious business
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
6
Politics & Economics
and segregation of those who break cast ‘rules’ (rules
defining their way of life, including the work they can
claim to do).
The “Brahmanical System” (in traditional Hindu socie-
ties) states that those born in families who don’t belong to
the major cast categories are ‘untouchable’ and can never
come into contact with members of those various casts.
Thus, the dominant groups are physically and spiritually
defined, and are set with no way of evolution. Rights and
obligations of castes are determined by birth, that is to say
they are fixed and hereditary. The assignment of basic
rights among the various casts is unequal and hierar-
chical, with those at the top enjoying most rights coupled
with least duties and those at the bottom performing most
duties coupled with fewer rights (see the pyramid below).
Far from being a remnant of the past, caste discrimina-
tion goes on in its traditional, mostly rural, forms of phys-
ical and occupational segregation and economic exploita-
tion, in regards to access to lands and to criminal justice,
but also in the modern Indian education system, in mar-
riage, dining, and regarding the new employment oppor-
tunities provided by India’s economic boom. Actually,
the specificity of modern India is that it has built its
growth on this structural organization of society. Even
though in India (as in most countries) poverty is strongly
linked to social, economic and opportunity inequalities,
there it is believed to be fair, normal and justified by be-
liefs shared by many Indians, such as the notion of karma
(cycle of causes and consequences tied to the existence of
every living thing. Understood as immutable, it is linked
to reincarnation, and means that their lives now are the
product of their past lives). Thus, poverty among the Shu-
dras, who are at the bottom of the pyramidal system, and
Dalit people (formerly called Untouchables) who are out
of the cast system, is not something to be ashamed of or
something to fight against, even if they respectively con-
stitute around 49% and 20% of the population.
Historically, the caste system has formed the social and
economic framework of the country. Both Shudras and
Dalit people are excluded from the impressive economi-
cal rise the country is currently going through. The sys-
tem of social and economic governance is based on prin-
ciples and customary rules involving the division of peo-
ple into social groups. Such a system can only be main-
tained through the rigid enforcement of social ostracism
in case of any deviations from the rules. For example, if
someone gets married outside his/her cast he/she will
probably be dishonored and rejected by his/her family. In
temples or churches, people from different castes will not
have their religious services at the same time, and as far
as Dalit are concerned, they often are refused the right to
enter religious places. Supported by philosophical ele-
ments, the doctrine of inequality constitutes the moral,
social and legal foundations of Hindu society1.
As we were trying to get to know this country, we be-
came more and more aware of these tacit rules, and, per-
haps because we were five women, we began to focus our
interest on the lot of Indian women. We were questioning
ourselves about the struggles of an Indian Dalit woman.
We talked with girls, we observed women and communi-
ties and we participated in some meetings of women in-
volved in cooperatives.
Dalit women have to face a double discrimination in all
the spheres of life, as gender biases and caste discrimina-
tion fuel one another. They are more affected by poverty,
and a majority of them experience physical and/or sexual
abuse from people of dominant casts
“The system of social and economic
governance is based on principles and
customary rules involving the division of
People into social groups.”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
7
Politics & Economics
( a behavior commonly used to sustain the oppression of
the Dalit community) as well as from members of their
own group. If young Dalit boys have to face huge diffi-
culties to follow regular
schooling (as we wit-
nessed, they are often re-
jected from the closest
school and have to walk
for miles to attend a school
willing to welcome them),
it is even more difficult for
Dalit girls. These gender-
based discriminations are
socio-cultural realities, and
are also reflected in access
to nutrition. In some parts
of India, little girls and
women are less fed and
receive smaller portions
because of imposed gender
discrimination, but also
sometimes because of self-
deprivation: in poor house-
holds, women can tend to
reduce their amount of
food to favor the “males”
of the family, because they
are more likely to get a job,
to bring back money. What
is worrying is that those
social factors are some-
times reinforced by public
policies2.
Facing this situation,
and watching the great
work done by NGOs,
groups of people, and
sometimes institutions, we tried to go beyond our own
cultural background and to understand the apparent
“passivity” of some Dalits in front of these discrimina-
tions. Helped by our Indian co-workers, we quickly be-
came familiar with the concept of karma. According to
karma, there is no point in trying to change your current
situation; there is only meaning in trying to live your life
in the conditions you were born into, because it is the
only way to get a better life in your next life. Though it
may be beyond our understanding, you cannot hope to
understand India if you do not understand karma. The
difficulty for Dalits who are trying to emancipate them-
selves from their condition is to reconcile their beliefs
with their will to change
their lives and their chil-
dren’s. Awareness-raising
can only be achieved by the
Dalits and for the Dalits.
Despite its prodigious
economic growth, India,
like so many countries, did
not sort out problems inher-
ited from its past, it has
only hidden them behind
progress and modernity, but
is facing the same challeng-
es as any developing coun-
try: how to reconcile glob-
alization and tradition?
Nowadays, only a small
part of the population is
profiting from the economic
growth, and those who kept
silent for such a long time
are now starting to protest.
Will India be able to be-
come a great power if it
cannot take its whole popu-
lation into account? How
can India reconcile the par-
adoxes it is made of? In a
country where you need to
use a different glass accord-
ing to your caste, does eco-
nomic progress really make
sense? FW
Notes: 1 Cast an eye on the Dalit of India. 2 Times of change.
Bibliography:
- “Defining Poverty”: http://www.polity.co.uk/keyconcepts/samples/lister-
chapter.pdf
- “Touchées par les Intouchables”, En Route Contre l’Exclusion, 2013.
- Definition of poverty: http://unchronicle.un.org/
- “Rendre les politiques nutritionnelles favorables aux femmes”, 29 no-
vembre 2012 (Oxfam website, blog channel), Jayati Ghosh.
- Times of Change, INDP India.
- International Dalit Solidarity Network Cast an eye on the Dalit of India,
2006.
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
8
Politics & Economics
Poverty is fought with changes
With Federica Ruggia
INTERVIEWEE PROFILE
Federica Ruggia Doctor in Developing Science and International Cooperation
Campagna, Italia
How would you define poverty, inequality and social
exclusion?
I would say that they are three concepts that are inter-
connected, because poverty is the lack of means to sur-
vive, and this creates inequality because society today
excludes poor people, distancing them further from so-
cial life.
From your perspective, what are the factors that have
prolonged the existence of these social pathologies
worldwide?
I believe that globalization and the capitalist system
has made poverty a factor which today still cannot be
defeated, because a rich society needs poverty to survive.
Since poverty is a characteristic of developing countries,
why do poor people in developed countries who need
governmental social assistance to survive still exist... Is
it due to social exclusion?
I do not think it is due to social exclusion, I think pov-
erty in developed countries is a problem of wealth distri-
bution, and now with the economic crisis, a part of the
population will always need government assistance. The
middle class is disappearing and this has expanded the
gap between rich and poor, a process that generates social
exclusion; therefore it is a consequence rather than a
cause.
Is it social exclusion which has allowed the existence of
slums in the big cities of the world (like Barcelona, Par-
is, New York, Rio de Janeiro, etc.)?
The slums were created due to migration, either inter-
nally within the country or externally. Also, the slum pop-
ulation changes over the years due to the fact that those
who lived there before improved their living conditions
and moved to other more affluent neighborhoods, they
obtained better paying jobs and their children were able to
study and climb the social ladder, but since there are al-
ways new people looking for a better quality of life, there
will always be more to fill the empty seats left by others.
In your opinion, to what is due the irony that having the
most natural resources, the developing countries are still
the ones suffering most from economic and social ine-
quality on the planet?
In my opinion this is due to the fact that developing
countries have not begun to work their natural resources,
instead selling them cheaply then buying goods produced
in developed countries. Governments fail to create a poli-
cy where wealth is distributed, and also fail to build the
foundations needed to exploit their resources to their own
benefit.
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
9
Politics & Economics
Is poverty, inequality and social
exclusion the main causes of a vio-
lent society?
I think there are other major
causes. There are other factors that
have negative effects such as smug-
gling and narcotics, labor exploita-
tion, gender inequality, misinfor-
mation in the media, and the lack of
courage in people, all of these creat-
ing a violent society.
The United Nations (UN) consider
poverty a human condition charac-
terized by a sustained or chronic
deprivation of the resources, capa-
bilities, choices, security and power
necessary for the enjoyment of an
adequate standard of living and
other civil, cultural, economic, po-
litical and social rights. What do
you think the UN should do to
eradicate global poverty?
I do not think the UN can act
efficiently in the eradication of pov-
erty. Poverty must be eradicated by
the people themselves with their
rulers through public policies that
truly seek to accomplish this goal.
The change has to start at the bot-
tom, else there is no UN policy that
can achieve it. FW
“The change has to
start at the bottom,
else there is no
policy that [...] can
achieve it.”
Photo: Gaby Mero
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
10
Politics & Economics
BLOG
Breaking barriers with information
Data and more data
By Sofía Prieto
Member of Marea Naranja (Blog of professionals claiming the space of Social Services in Spain)
Granada, Spain
mareanaranjagranada.wordpress.com/2014/05/03/datos-y-mas-datos/
In recent weeks, reports on Spain’s current situation did
not stop appearing, in reference to some aspects that wor-
ry us as Spaniards and Andalusians. I recognize that may-
be I’m sensitive to this data, already that I got my hands
on them due to their ideological and/or informative prox-
imity. I guess this will not be general knowledge for all
Andalusians, and there are others who are more interested
in different topics, such as soccer, Survivor or how the
weather will be. Without being judgmental about what is
really important, I cannot ignore that I’m a social services
professional and I feel restless about the data. In a docu-
ment presented in March by Caritas and the FOESSA
Foundation intitled “Análisis y Perspectivas 2014”,
they stated that “the quality and strength of social rela-
tions in Spain are vital re-
sources to avoid the risk of
social disruption generated
by the effects of the crisis
regarding inequality of
income levels”.
According to the April
report of Eurostat, Spain has seven out of ten regions with
the highest unemployment rates of all Europe (including
Andalucía).
Spain is the second European country, after Greece,
which has less capacity to reduce child poverty through
social aid, according to Save the Children.
Not forgetting the data provided by our fellows from
the Social Services Directors and Managers Association,
who are constantly working and telling us about the con-
sequences involved in the dismantling of the
“Dependence Law”, and the entry into force of the “Local
Reform Act”, etc, it’s interesting to see what politicians
and citizens have to say about these reports.
Significant were the words of Minister Montoro, de-
bunking the Caritas reports in saying that they are “purely
statistical”, they “mix concepts”, and “provoke a debate
that does not correspond to reality”. Perhaps Mr. Montoro
has other ways to get data, but I think right now citizens
require involvement from their politicians and not disdain
for data they think is not beneficial for them. On the other
hand, some seem to believe everything certain television
commentators say about these information on shows
where they appear with “experts”, though we don't even
know their curriculum. They are free to comment on any
topic without explaining
what training or experi-
ence permits them to
give these categorical
opinions.
It seems that just from
being on TV they have
the absolute truth regarding some issues, and of course,
when they say that they “don’t see much need on the
streets”, that the crisis is not as harsh as it is painted, that
in Andalucía there’s unemployment because the popula-
tion actually lives from an underground economy and
subsidies, and that the kids really have what they need… I
feel like I'm hallucinating and I’m fit to be tied. A little
rigor to make these claims!!! Why are they given so much
space on TV, where opinions are generated? Do we really
prefer to believe these arguments? Do we not like our
“Spain is the second European country,
after Greece, which has less capacity to reduce
child poverty through social aid,
according to Save the Children.”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
11
Politics & Economics
reality, and so prefer to believe the
most optimistic liberal discourse?
That one really does well because he
deserves it, and can get what he
aims for with effort? Well it is not
so. Many of us believe in data, we
see how dangerous this rich and
poor social polarization is, we don’t
believe in blaming the poor and the
unemployed, claiming they are in
this situation because he/she wants
to be and because they do nothing to
improve their situation.
We do believe this situation is
worrying and shameful. Some be-
lieve that government intervention is
necessary in times of risk of social
exclusion for it to be a risk and not a
reality. Furthermore, that interven-
tion should be professional and apo-
litical, valuing social indicators and
professional solutions, as well social
resources capable of responding.
Besides, there are those of us who
think that the current situation will
cripple us even more in the future if
we do not look at the situation as it
truly is, and together come up with a
remedy.
FW
A population of 46,7
millon
(AP Photo / Andrés Kudacki)
An unemployment
rate of 25,6 %
An inflation rate
of 1,5%
Spain
in numbers (2013) “Some believe that govern-
ment intervention is neces-
sary in times of risk of
social exclusion, for it to be
a risk and not a reality.”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
12
Politics & Economics
T he humanity of the
twenty-first century
enjoys remarkable
technological ad-
vancements that should make us
feel happy to belong to this time,
however now we see greater eco-
nomic inequality. This inequality
contributes to major problems, de-
spite having alternatives which
easily help majorities to solve
many shortcomings. These
"advances" should be
rightfully and exclusive-
ly according to the Dec-
laration of Human
Rights, unfortunately
that is often not the situ-
ation.
The speeches of the leaders, es-
pecially in developing countries are
encouraging only until they are
compared with the time of applica-
tion and we can recognize them for
the utopian and suitable thing they
are to say for those who enunciate
them. In one of its reports, the
United Nations indicates a circum-
stantial improvement in the eco-
nomic growth of Latin America,
subject to the behavior of the do-
mestic economy of both Brazil and
Argentina.
The economic policy applied in
Argentina, allowed both Argentina
and Brazil to recently increase their
GDP by 3.5% and 3% respectively
(according to ECLA), a little
against expectations, but still deter-
minants of the region’s economic
health.
Instruments such as the raising
of salaries contributed to an in-
crease of consumption, which in
turn contributed to the increased
flow of fresh funds to the private
sector via credit.
The prospects are economically
encouraging to South American
nations considering that these are
mainly commodities exporters,
facing an extractive China, increas-
ingly hungry for raw materials to
feed to its growing economy.
As people committed to man
and nature, we should rethink the
contributions we bring in the
search for solutions to resolve these
imbalances. We
should strive to for-
mulate proposals
that highlight our
belief in ourselves,
and our capacities as individuals,
with inclusive training processes,
and taking into account the need to
respect our environment. At the
end of the day this is the only vehi-
cle capable of organizing a global
transformation towards a more just
and fair world, in order to reach the
coveted status of Good Living. FW
An indifferent reality
OPINION
Exercising free speech
Eco. Jorge Gresely, MBA.
Professor at Universidad Laica “Eloy Alfaro” de Manabí
Foreign Trade Carreer, School of Economics
Manta, Ecuador
“Instruments such as the raising of
salaries contributed to an
increase of consumption.”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
“To victory and peace always”
Calle Gustavo Sampaio, Leme, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Foto: Alba Piazza
2014
14
Culture & Society
CULTURE & SOCIETY Because we all belong to one
By Laud Marcia Jasmin
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
L a Citadelle Laferrière is a
famous monument built
194 years ago in Milot,
Northern Haiti. This for-
tress, the construction of which was
led by Henri Christophe, revered
king of the north and hero of Haitian
history, was designed to keep the
newly independent nation safe from
French incursions.
La Citadelle du Roi Henri Chris-
tophe, another designation for this
memorial, is the symbol of the time
where Haitians were fighting to
keep their land, pride and dignity
which had been trampled upon dur-
ing the reign of slavery. Erected by
more than 20 000 workers, this
structure is also solid proof of the
skills and capacities of a country
which now seems to constantly
LA CITADELLE LAFERRIÈRE : A STORY OF
PRIDE AND BRAVERY
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
La Citadelle Laferrière, its imposing presence and dramatic appearance. Photo by Johalie Jasmin
15
Culture & Society
struggle. Dominating a
mountain slope, La Cita-
delle did not lose its im-
posing bearing even after
more than a century. Visi-
tors come from every-
where in the country, as
well as from around the
world to climb on foot or
on horseback towards the
8th wonder of the modern
world, a title that my
compatriots are certainly
proud of. If the construc-
tion is now only inhabited
by the spirit of the braves,
one can still find tangible
vestiges of the war. In-
deed, cannonball stock-
piles and the cannons
which served to fire at the
enemy are still laid out
inside the fort.
Haitian people are truly
devoted to La Citadelle
Laferrière for it is a re-
minder of a glorious past
and a sacred legacy. It is
also the right place to
connect with nature and
the souls of sleeping war-
riors, not to mention the
perfect place for creative
brains to relive the past,
while standing on the
parapets and observing
the vast surrounds, a
place where one can truly
feel the peace that lies in
the heart of the victor.
FW
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
The fortress perched on a mountainside.
Cannonballs laid out in pyramidal forms next to the fortress’ heavy cannons.
Photos by Johalie Jasmin
Photo by Johalie Jasmin
16
Culture & Society
O rphanages in Haiti vary
in their forms and sizes.
Many of these institu-
tions care for children
as young as newborns, as well as
much older teenagers, including 18
year olds. These children are just as
much in need of love, care and af-
fection, which unfortunately local
staff are often too busy to offer them
on an individual basis. These or-
phanages are also filled with chil-
dren eager to learn, whether that be
further general knowledge, cultural
facts, a new skill in arts and craft, or
sports.
On the other hand, Haiti is faced
with another serious social problem
where its youth is concerned. Many
children in Haiti are extremely poor
and spend most of their time in the
streets, earning a living through var-
ious activities such as begging,
"squeegeeing", soliciting money in
exchange of cleaning shoes, or vari-
ous other forms of solicitation. Not
only do they earn very little, as most
Haitian passersby are desensitized
towards their plight, but these activi-
ties also put in jeopardy their health
and security.
A couple months ago, I decided
that even though I couldn’t change
the situation of all of Haiti’s chil-
dren. I could still make a small dif-
ference in the life of a few. There-
fore, with the support of the Centre
for Global and Community Engage-
ment at the University of Ottawa, I
dedicated myself to designing a pro-
ject that would bring a smile to one
group of Haitian children this sum-
mer. Contacting Kings Garden, an
orphanage in need in the city of Port
-au-Prince, I sought permission to
integrate the orphanage during the
course of the summer where I would
organize a series of activities for the
children, from arts and craft to
sports and interactive games. I was
welcomed with open arms.
The Kings Garden currently cares
for 36 children from age 3 to 18.
With not much outside stimulation
they have to entertain themselves
with what little they have most of
the time. My work in the orphanage
seeks to provide these children with
the attention and mental stimulation
they need in order to better develop
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
A True Story
Kids Circle Haiti
By Corrine Joseph
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
Culture & Society
healthy social skills and self-
confidence. Over the course of the
summer, I will be developing a wide
range of stimulating activities, ap-
propriate for various age groups, in
the form of many arts and craft pro-
jects and sports games. As many of
the older children are interested, I
will also organise language and cul-
ture classes, where I will informally
teach beginner ESL classes. Further-
more, some weeks shall end with a
cultural presentation from a local
organisation, which can range from
a performance art act to a guest
speaker. I also intend to teach act-
ing, by putting on a play, where the
children will take on different roles,
which will be presented at the end of
my stay at the orphanage and cele-
brated with a supper. In order to
carry out these activities I will be
gathering local youth recommend by
JVEA, a local youth volunteering
17 Free World Magazine | July, 2014
organization which seeks to bring
awareness to street kids.
As most children do not live such
isolation or similar social conditions
it is sometimes difficult to under-
stand the importance of such an ini-
tiative. Before making the trip to
Haiti, as I was discussing how im-
portant this project was to me and
how even though supporting or-
phans was not a new cause, it re-
mained a pertinent and important
one, someone said to me “ Let’s be
real you’re not saving them”. I
couldn’t agree more, it would take
more than a summer of scheduled
activities to give these children what
they truly need and deserve. Howev-
er, it does not diminish this project
and how much they can benefit from
it. In such conditions, the simple
gesture of holding a child can go a
long way, especially for the 3 year
olds. After a day of activity, while
talking about their life at the orphan-
age, an 18 year old stated that in fact
Haitian groups rarely come to inter-
act with them, most visitors being
foreigners. This statement encour-
ages me and lets me know that it is
in fact worth it. I am now more de-
termined than ever to see this initia-
tive grow so that it may benefit
more kids in the future.
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
19
Culture & Society
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
If you’re interested about knowing more about my time at the orphanage, keep an eye out for my upcoming blog, Kids
Circle, which will be posted on Free World Magazine as well. FW
20
Culture & Society
Proverbs around the world
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
Language of origin: Kreyòl (Creole)
Haiti
« Lèw pa gen manman ou tete grann »
Literal translation:
When you have no mother, you
suckle grandma.
Meaning:
When you do not have exactly what you
need, you simply must contend yourself
with what you can obtain.
« Bat chen tann mèt li »
Literal translation:
Beat the dog, wait for its master.
Meaning:
Whatever our actions, we must expect
the consequences.
« Nou se kabrit Tomazo, menm plim menm pli-
may »
Literal translation:
We are goats from Tomazo (a region), with
the same feathers, same plumage.
Meaning:
Like attracts like.
« Dèye mὸn gen mὸn »
Literal translation:
Behind mountains, there
are mountains.
Meaning:
Things are not always what they
seem. There are always
obstacles to overcome.
« Rayi chen di dan l blan»
Literal translation:
Hate the dog, but say its teeth are white.
Meaning:
You should always recognize someone’s
qualities, whether that person is an enemy or not.
What about you? The Climate is changing,
The next conference on climate change will be held in Paris in 2015.
It is not a breaking news; the climate is changing, leading to increasing economical, political,
and ecological instabilities.
But is the climate the only thing to change?
How is the climate changing?
How is the economical climate changing?
How is the educational system changing?
And how are WE changing?
We will be the architects of « Other Climates »
https://www.facebook.com/autresclimats
Kelly Gène (France)
http://www.positive-rio.tv
¡Join this iniciative!
22
Culture & Society
Who wants to eat “ceviche”?
U undoubtedly, a good place to eat is the gen-
eral requirement for any night out where
dinner is involved. Once found, it will likely
become a habit to frequent this place to en-
joy a delicious dish with family and friends. In this issue,
we will discuss a typical dish from the coastal region of
Ecuador named "Ceviche".
But first things first: What is ceviche? Ceviche is a dish
made of fish cubes marinated in lemon juice, accompa-
nied by vegetables such as cucumber, onion, tomato and
cilantro, though many "cevicherías" (places that sell
ceviche) can also add pepper and lettuce. This is typically
accompanied by "chifles" (banana snacks), although
patacones and white rice are also possible choices for a
side dish. This is a meal that many in Ecuador eat for
breakfast, others at midmorning, and others still for lunch.
It is undoubtedly a very popular dish, desired by both
locals and foreigners.
While it is true that the
Ecuadorian ceviche dif-
fers from the Peruvian
one, with different culi-
nary touches, the prepara-
tion is similar. Today we
will learn more about the
Ecuadorian version, and
the best cevichería in
Manta, Ecuador.
Considered one of the
most important cities in
Ecuador with a population
of 250 thousand, Manta is
located in a beautiful bay
which welcomes many
cruises through its sea-
port. Located in the province of Manabí, it has rural and
urban areas where wet and desert climates are mixed with
temperatures ranging between 24ºC and 32ºC. Manta's
economy is based primarily on trade, tourism and the
fishing industries. The city with the largest fishing fleet in
the country, the contribution of the fisheries sector is 7%
of the GDP. Manta annually receives thousands of tour-
ists from all over the world, and is currently experiencing
a real estate "boom". With its very own airport, it is home
to many immigrants mainly from Canada, Russia, France
and the United States.
Now, back to what makes us salivate. Ceviche is cultural
food in Manta. It is the weekend’s typical family meal,
and on the other hand, it is considered anti-hangover
food. So on a weekend it's consumption is remarkable
from youth to adults after a night out. We all want to stay
home and relax after a long week at work or school some-
times, doing nothing more but watch a movie, chat with
frends, etc, all while eating some good ceviche. Well,
until a few years ago there was no delivery service for
this kind of food, although it already existed for classic
fast food such as pizza and burgers.
Then, the idea of selling ceviche with delivery service
emerged; giving birth to Fish Seafood Delivery. This
business started in October 2011. Ceviches were prepared
from home only on Sundays in order to test customer
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
23
Culture & Society
customer reactions. The type of fish chosen was the
"mahi - mahi", which is also known as dolphin-fish, dora-
do, dorado-dolphin or parrot. The ceviche also included a
chili sauce and peanut cream, which gave a new and dis-
tinctive flavor to ceviche, while still maintaining the
slight acidity of the lemon juice with which it was pre-
pared.
Peanuts are a typical ingredient in Manabi's cui-
sine, due to extensive cultivation in this region. You will
find a variety of dishes that use peanut, especially in Jipi-
japa (a city 45 minutes away from Manta) where it has
long been a typical thing to prepare ceviche with peanut
cream. However, those living outside that particular re-
gion who prefered ceviche
prepared in that manner had
to travel far to get a plate.
The first month following
the business launch was
very successful. Customers
were taking to the idea. They liked the taste, service and
price, so the opportunity for growth was noted.
In December of the same year the menu expands
to shrimp ceviche ... Yes, you read right, not only can
ceviche be made with fish, it can also be made with other
seafood, although some of these are cooked instead of
marinated, with an exquisitely unique flavor. Moreover,
as a matter of taste and logistics, the “mahi - mahi” is
changed to "wahoo" fish, also known as "ono" and part of
the "whitefish" family which is very appreciated in na-
tional and international markets. The number of custom-
ers then began to grow, going from friends to friends of
friends.
Due to the increas-
ing number of
sales, it was neces-
sary to invest in a
widescreen display
case to store a larger amount of vegetables, and ceviche.
In March 2012, the days of sale were extended to Satur-
day, covering the entire weekend. Fish ceviche, shrimp,
shell, octopus and squid are now offered, and there is an
option to combine 3 seafood and get a "mixed ceviche",
or include them all and have a "sailor ceviche". Custom-
ers are steadily increasing, they love the new options and
can make recommendations through a mobile phone and a
Facebook page.
In June, clams and mussels are added to the op-
tions, and they also begin to sell a choice of hot dish, with
breaded fish, shrimps and squid. Customers are very re-
ceptive, so much so that the following month buying a
freezer becomes necessary.
The work was con-
stant, and the demand
reached a point where two
days a week and the small
space at home was not
enough to satisfy it. Thus in April 2013, a year and a half
after starting this adventure, and having seen a vision
materialize, Fish Cevichería was opened for business,
maintaining the delivery option but now serving a wide
variety of ceviches to customers from Tuesday to Sunday
from 08:30 am to 15:00 pm.
The owners believe that their differentiating fac-
tors when compared to other cevicherías in the city is the
chili sauce and the peanut cream. One flavor now being a
characteristic of "Fish", and the second making them the
first cevichería in the city to offer it. As for the delivery
service, although it existed long ago in some restaurants
in town, it was not available in cevicherías. Now the deli-
very time is averagely 25 minutes, the product's appearan-
ce is improved with the use of chifles, and customers are
saved from the hassle of dirty dishes which need to be
cleaned later. These are the key added values of the busi-
ness. Furthermore, this business has been a source of job
“Customers were taking to the idea. They liked
the taste, service and price, so the opportunity
for growth was noted.”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
24
Culture & Society
creation, contributing to the local
economy, and boosting the retail
sector of the fishing industry by the
considerable amount of seafood
bought.
Nowadays, Fish Cevichería is
more than a cevichería, it has beco-
me a place to socialize, catering to
all manner of clientele. The arriving
customers are now friends getting
together for a beer, families heading
to the beach that stop for something
to eat, couples, business executives
stopping for a quick lunch, athletes
with particular diets, who appreciate
fish for their high protein content,
foreigners seeking a taste of the best
ceviche in town, local politicians
and many others.
Prices are very affordable. If
on a sunny day, you feel like going
for a mixed ceviche of fish, shrimp
and octopus, followed by an ice
cold beer, you can expect to pay
8,50 USD. If there is a Champions
League game, or a Formula 1 race,
Moto GP, ATP, etc, the euphoria of
the game is making you hungry, and
you feel like having a good sailor
ceviche (fish, shrimp, shells, oc-
topus, squid, clams and mussels)
and a glass of fresh orange juice,
you should pay about 11 USD. In
addition, in preparation of the 2014
Brazil World Cup, two 60 inch TV's
were purchased for the convenience
of customers.
If you like seafood and Ecua-
dor figures in your travel plans, par-
ticularly the city of Manta, we re-
commend you visit Fish Cevichería
to taste the best ceviche in town. FW
“The arriving customers are now friends getting together
for a beer, families heading to the beach that stop for so-
mething to eat, couples, business executives stopping for a
quick lunch...”
To know more about FISH CEVICHERÍA, visit its Facebook
page: https://www.facebook.com/FishSeafoodDelivery
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
25
Culture & Society
“I would be willing to exercise any trade if with it I could
get great wealth by honest means; on the contrary, if to
get rich I should employ dishonest means, I’d prefer to
remain in poverty dedicated to my favorite activities.”
Confucius (551 B.C. - 479 B.C.)
CHINESE PHILOSOPHER
“He who possesseth little is so much the less possessed.
Blessed be moderate poverty.”
Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 - 1900)
GERMAN PHILOSOPHER, POET,
MUSICIAN AND PHILOLOGIST
“The day shit is worth
money, poor people will be
born without an asshole.”
Gabriel García Márquez
(1927 - 2014)
COLOMBIAN WRITER,
NOVELIST AND JOURNALIST
“We got use to get up every day as if it could not be oth-
erwise, we got use to violence as something inevitable in
the news, we got use to the usual landscape of poverty
and misery walking down the streets of our city.”
Pope Francis (nacido en 1936)
ARGENTINEAN POPE
“No society can surely be flourishing and
happy, of which the far greater part of
the members are poor and miserable.”
Adam Smith (1723 - 1790)
SCOTCH PHILOSOPHER AND ECONOMIST
“In a system of free trade and free markets poor coun-
tries – and poor people – are not poor because others
are rich. Indeed, if others became less rich the poor
would in all probability become still poorer.”
Margaret Thatcher (1925 - 2013)
UNITED KINGDOM EX PRIME MINISTER
“Where the right of property dominates, where every-
thing is measured by money, one can not speak of fair-
ness and social welfare.”
Saint Thomas More (1478 - 1535)
ENGLISH THEOLOGIST, POLITICIAN AND WRITER
“If the misery of the poor be caused
not by the laws of nature, but by our
institutions, great is our sin.”
Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882)
ENGLISH NATURALIST
“The first equality is the equity.”
Victor Hugo (1802 - 1885)
FRENCH POET, PLAYWRIGHT AND WRITER
“Ethics and equity and the principles of justice do not
change with the calendar.”
D.H. Lawrence (1885 - 1930)
ENGLISH WRITER
“Forcing the rich to pay taxes is a necessity of war, but
also to force the poor is an outrage.”
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 - 1821)
FRENCH MILITARY RULER
“Overcoming poverty is not a gesture of charity. It is an
act of justice.”
Nelson Mandela (1918 - 2013)
SOUTH AFRICAN POLITICIAN AND NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
“Poverty is not created by poor people. It has been cre-
ated and sustained by economic
and social systems that we have
designed for ourselves; the institu-
tions and concepts that make up
that system; the policies we pur-
sue.”
Muhammad Yunus (nacido en 1940)
BENGALI NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
Famous quotes
About poverty, inequality and social exclusion
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
26
Culture & Society
Free World Asks
Why do you think poverty, inequality and social
exclusion exist?
“I think poverty and inequality exist when someone
doesn't have access to instruction and culture, but is not
aware of the lack nor has the time to think about how to
improve his/her situation, because he or she has to spend
all the days of his/her life worrying about access to basic
welfare that should in fact be automatically guaranteed to
all.”
Antonella Scalise
Bologna, Italy
“From my personal perspective social inequality is a con-
cept that originated as part of the capitalist economic
model, with the objective of explaining inequality, pov-
erty and underdevelopment. However, it’s important to
point out that economic models, as such, are not the only
cause of problems in our society, we must analyze the
other variables which in our countries are crucial for phe-
nomena to occur, such as: the mismanagement of the gov-
ernments in power, the misdistribution of the resources
and wealth, as well as a social culture oriented towards
achieving these social phenomena. In countries like ours,
these social disorders should not have an economic basis,
due to the availability of the resources we have at our
disposal. “
Erick Menéndez
Manta, Ecuador
“The answer to why poverty exists is not a simple one,
nor would I claim to know or understand every contrib-
uting element. However, to be brief, I would say a major
contribution to poverty-stricken areas is a lack of accessi-
ble education. Even a basic education allows residents to
know how to function and manage their resources in the
most productive and efficient way. Education often dis-
courages a high population growth rate as citizens learn
the responsibility that comes with a larger household in
relation to their accessible resources. In addition to edu-
cation, a moral or religious basis embedded within a com-
munity encourages a united body, helping others and ad-
ditionally discouraging divorce and teenage pregnancies
that drive conflict within a society. Finally, a good gov-
erning body to manage its citizens is another vital factor,
where both over-oppressive and lazy governments can
ultimately damage their citizens by not looking out for the
good of their people but rather, themselves.”
Tanya Layman
Boca Ratón, Estados Unidos de América
“These aspects of life are due to various factors, such as
poor economic resource policies from governments, lack
of strategies to raise the standards of living, without for-
getting lack of self-improvement training with regards to
both knowledge and the material side of things. It is cer-
tainly very clear when we say one cannot be blamed for
being born poor, but one can be held responsible for dy-
ing poor. This is seen from a more entrepreneurial point
of view, where one seeks to achieve a better lifestyle.
However, this will be much easier to achieve when gov-
ernments have policies which include principles of equity
and social inclusion in all aspects, from health, education,
employment, investment, etc, as these are the motors be-
hind a country’s development.”
Sara Farfán
Manta, Ecuador
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
27
Culture & Society
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
E verywhere around the world of music, you
can here the same saying when it comes to
Hip Hop: Its just not what it used to be. As a
22 year old artist, who found my niche in rap
music, I say otherwise. I think the problem is that there is
so many artists around the world that it becomes hard to
keep count. There is so much hidden talent that does not
get the opportunity to come out in broad day light for
different reasons, whether that be lack of will, mediocrity,
or most often insufficient funding.
I cannot stress enough how important I think it is to
encourage and fund young independent artists. The truth
of the matter is, I believe that is where the true future of
music lies. It's in that scene that artists still struggle to
come up with something new, something different and
orginal, not only to get a chance to be heard, but also be-
cause their love for what they do is still fresh. There is
still a certain meaning to their art, a message they want to
impart to the world. The ambition is still there. I think
once you're up there and everyone knows you, and you no
longer find yourself asking others to check out and criti-
que what you do, then you slowly start loosing that fire,
that motivation that pushes you to try and do better. I
think that is why so many signed artists lack creativity
today. Alot of the new music coming out these days have
no message behind them. It is much more about the mo-
ney then it is about the art, as opposed to when you're first
To the Beat of the Music
Hip Hop
NICKEAL
Beyond my thoughts
28
Culture & Society
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
starting out and growing as an artist
as well as an individual. Yet, I still
believe in music, and I still believe
in Hip Hop.
On june 24th, like so many inspi-
ring artists before me, I released a
mixtape intitled ''Beyond my
thoughts'' with nineteen titles. I
think the mixtape is true to its name.
The content is personal and explicit
and depicts my reality. One of the
songs intitled “Pot of Gold” relates a
real life experience I went through at
15 that changed my way of viewing
life forever. Things aren't always
what they seem. I believe there are
very inspiring messages enclosed in
this production, and I can only hope
that others see it too.
I wrote, mixed, and recorded all
the material with the help of my two
good friends, Danny Waters, my
producer at Le Baron Prodution, and
Bobby Micheal, another aspiring
rapper. I'm curently working on my
first selling album which will be a
short EP until my larger album co-
mes out. I don't want to rush my
2nd album because I intend it to
have a deeper unexploited message,
in addition to wanting to make some
general improvements. When it co-
mes to anything related to music,
between mixing and vocals and the
way I pronounce words, I'm always
practicing and seeking to improve.
English is not my first language so
sometimes I do have a hard time
with the way I’m saying things. I
don't mind though. When it comes
to music, I believe hard work and
sacrifice are worth it. Check
out "Beyond my thoughts", and let
me know what you think. FW
¡A la vista… baby!
¡A window unto the world!
Quai d'Orsay. Begun in 1844 and completed in 1855, this ico-
nic Parisian building evokes a provost of merchants of the seven-
teenth century. It has been occupied by the French Ministry of Fo-
reign Affairs since the mid-nineteenth century. (Photo: Kelly Ge ne)
Reservoir Aguilar de Campóo. Located in Palencia - Spain, this
reservoir was built in 1963. It has a capacity of 247 million cubic
meters in an area of 1,646 hectares.
(Photo: Katherin Go ngora)
Headquarters of the Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR)(South American Nations Union). Created in May 2008 through
the Treaty of Brasilia, UNASUR is a regional integration bloc whose member states are the 12 countries of South America: Argentina, Boli-
via, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname , Uruguay and Venezuela. The headquarters are located in Quito,
Ecuador. (Photo: Gaby Mero)
Wall of John Lennon. It is a wall located in Prague, capital of Czech Republic. It began to be painted after the murder of John Len-
non in 1980 as a tribute, and it continues to be. It was a response to the Communist regime that did not allow that kind of music, and today
is a symbol of the freedom of expression that was achieved through the years. (Photo: Laure Daudin)
31
¡A la vista… baby!
Through Eva’ s lenses
Eva de Luis is a 25-years-old Spaniard, with a degree in Advertising and Public Relations. Exiled from her country for three years due to lack of opportunities and job insecurity, she is
currently working in Paris as a Manager of Media and Communication in an international non governmental organization. Passionate about landscape photography for over eight
years, she has taken as a serious challenge this complex project, knowing well that the sub-ject at hand is very difficult to capture in a series of images.
This edition she presents:
“Appearances, Realities and Agents of Change ”
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
01. Liberty, equality, fraternity.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Official motto of the French Republic. Considered the three pillars on which a democratic and just society rests but... Is this the reality in France or just talk? Something to be considered by each individual, because not everyone in Paris will relate to this coin.
02. Paris, city of light.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Fifth largest city of Europe and most popular tourist destination in the world. Balanced, peaceful and romantic on the outside, but if we look a little further, we discover that it is all just ap-
pearances. In the background, La Défense, the main business district of Europe is home to al-most half of the big French companies.
03. In front of poverty: ¿Pity or indifference?
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Looks of grief or utter indifference surrounding the homeless Parisians. He will not be separated from his belongings, as afraid of being robbed. He does not want his face to appear in the picture. He is ashamed and fears the situation in which he lives, afraid of never getting out of it, and afraid
of losing that fear.
04. Good morning. I am hungry please, Thank you.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
She just asked for so-mething to eat in one of
the main streets of central Paris, Rue Rivoli, but pe-
destrians are more concer-ned about their purchases and promenades on a Sa-
turday afternoon than what happens a little furt-her down on the ground
they walk on. The smile of this woman having recei-ved a piece of bread with some cheese, is priceless.
05. Same job, different payroll.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Despite improvements in recent years, it seems incredible that today two people with the same job, responsibility and schedule, have different salaries. In France the wage gap between men
and women is 11% below the European average (16%), so much remains to be done to eradicate
this inequality.
06. Wallace fountains.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Paris has lived a very difficult time due to war around 1870 with various bombings. Fortu-nately the city was quickly rebuilt, thanks in part to bourgeois philanthropists such as Ri-chard Wallace. These emblematic fountains
were created following serious water supply problems faced by Parisians. The price of water was greater than wine or even absinthe, gene-rating severe social problems. Facing this situa-
tion, Wallace decided to finance these water sources in Paris and remedy such a basic need
like drinking water.
07. Looking for educational solutions.
Eva de Luis / May 2014
Small actions lead to big changes. This is how the "Raising Peace" project created by the Coordinating Committee for International Voluntary Service (CCIVS) began, with different courses and a campaign
through social networks, promoting peace building and human rights through international volunteer programs. To this end, in late May, the CCIVS has organized a course in the French Alps, designed for 30 youth from around the world, to educate them on Peace and Human Rights. The seed is planted,
now it is up to each person to make it bear fruit.
08. Parisian tissue.
Eva de Luis / June 2014
Inequalities in Paris are rough and very noticeable. Change in a big city is difficult but not impossible as it is shown to be small local actions that achieve better results. In the fabric of Parisian society we find different stitches, yarns and styles. Diversity is what makes a particular fabric special, therefore one set of stitches should not be given more importance than another.
40
Statistics
Poverty headcount ratio at $2 a day (PPP) (% of population)*
This indicator shows the percentage of the population (by country) living on less than $ 2 a day, with the pur-
chasing power that the U.S. dollar had in 2005.
* The map and statistical data are for the period of 2009 - 2013, and are estimated by the World Bank (WB). [Online]. Retrieved from: http://datos.bancomundial.org/
indicador/SI.POV.2DAY/countries/1W?display=default
Angola 67,4 %
Argentina 1,9 %
Armenia 19,9 %
Bangladesh 76,5 %
Belarus 0,1 %
Bhutan 12,6 %
Brazil 10,8 %
Burkina Faso 72,6 %
Cambodia 49,5 %
Chile 2,7 %
China 27,2 %
Colombia 15,8 %
Costa Rica 6,0 %
Dominican Republic 9,9 %
Ecuador 10,6 %
El Salvador 16,9 %
Ethiopia 66,0 %
Fiji 22,9 %
Georgia 35,6 %
Honduras 29,8 %
India 68,8 %
Indonesia 43,3 %
Jordan 1,6 %
Kazakhstan 1,1 %
Kyrgystan 21,6 %
Latvia 0,6 %
Macedonia, FYR 9,1 %
Madagascar 92,6 %
Malasia 2,3 %
Malawi 82,3 %
Mali 78,7 %
Mexico 4,5 %
Moldova 4,4 %
Nepal 57,3 %
Nigeria 84,5 %
Panama 13,8 %
Paraguay 13,2 %
Peru 12,7 %
Philippines 41,5 %
Poland 0,2 %
Romania 1,8 %
Rwanda 82,4 %
Russian Fed. 0,1 %
Senegal 55,2 %
Sierra Leone 79,6 %
South Africa 31,3 %
Sri Lanka 23,9 %
Sudan 44,1 %
Swaziland 60,4 %
Thailand 4,1 %
Tajikistan 27,7 %
Togo 52,7 %
Tunisia 4,3 %
Turkey 4,7 %
Ukraine 0,1 %
Uganda 64,7 %
Uruguay 1,2 %
Zambia 86,6 %
Total world population living on less
than 1 USD per day (in 2013):
1.300 millones
Total world population living on less
than 2 USD per day (in 2013):
2.800 millones
Source: Diar io Hoy. [Online]
http://www.hoy.com.ec/noticias-
ecuador/1-300-millones-viven-con-
menos-de-un-dolar-593076.html
Note: Countr ies (17) in red letter have over half of their population living under these undesirable conditions, as indicated by percentage.
Free World Magazine | July, 2014
41 Free World Magazine | July, 2014
Statistics
Gini Index*
The Gini Index measures the extent to which the distribution of income among individuals or households
within an economy is far from a perfectly balanced distribution. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect
equality, while an index of 100 represents perfect inequality.
Developed Countries (DC) VS. Least Developed Countries (LDC)
* Prepared with the latest data available from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). [Online]. Retrieved from: https://data.undp.org/dataset/
Income-Gini-coefficient/36ku-rvrj
0
70
Sweden (25)
Germany (28,3)
Norway (25,3) Slovakia (26) Finland (26,9)
Angola (58,6)
Seychelles (65,8) South Africa (63,1)
African C.R. (56,3) Bolivia (56,3)
Note: For a better compar ison, the Wor ld’s 5 countr ies with higher and lower equitable distr ibutions were chosen.
This comparison allows us to observe 5 developed countries (random choice) with the 5 least developed coun-
tries in the world based on 4 indicators in 4 sectors (education, technology, health and environment) in order to
illustrate inequities between them.
35
CONTACT US
Ma. Jose Viejo Marco Narea Corrine Joseph
Contents Director Editor-in-Chief Creative Director
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Manta, Ecuador Manta, Ecuador Ottawa, Canada
Be part of FW !
Post your comments,
Send us your pictures to publish them,
Suggest the main theme of the next issue,
Publish you essays, opinions or “True Stories”,
And much more…
Visit our website and Facebook page,
and be part of our community!
www.facebook.com/FreeWorldMagazine
www.freeworldmag.com FW
Your donation will help to
finance the activities of Free
World Magazine
¡THANKS! :)
www.issuu.com/freeworldmagazine