Free Powerpoint Templates Page 1 KULIAH 2 PERKEMBANGAN PERAN SI/TI DALAM ORGANISAS I.

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KULIAH 2

PERKEMBANGAN PERAN SI/TI DALAM ORGANISASI

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Agenda

Strategic Context of IS/IT in Organization Evolution of IS in Organization Success Factors of Strategic Information

Systems The Relationship of IS/IT Strategy and

Business Strategy IS/IT Strategy Competitive Strategy and Its Implication to

IS/IT Strategy SPIS in Indonesia: Local point of view



Strategic Context of IS in Organization More products available in digital form –

Hence e-delivery through an IS (give some examples e-products?)

More commerce takes place electronically (e-commerce-create new opportunities, online transaction)

More activities getting more complex, need various of data and information (data mining, enterprise information systems - ERP)

Interrelatedness of Business activities within and between companies (improve efficiency and productivity)

Technology advancement that can processes data in a large volume in a relatively short time



The Evolution of Information SystemsYear 1960 – Data processing (DP) era Year 1970 – Management IS (MIS) eraYear 1980 – Strategic IS (SIS-EIS) eraYear 1990 – E-business & e-commerce eraYear 2000 – Enterprise Resource Planning

era

Each era has different characteristics of IS.



Characteristic of DP EraCentralized processingUsing multi-purpose Mainframe computerBatch processingData storage: magnetic disk, tapeProgramming language: Cobol, Basic, etc.Automating information-based processes



Characteristics of MIS Era Introducing minicomputer Using variety business applications Still centralized Used a hierarchical application portfolio

model

based on a stratification of management activity:

– Strategic planning

– Management control

– Operational control Increase management effectiveness by

satisfying their information requirements for decision making – to help manager



Characteristics of SIS Era Introducing Personal Computer (PC) Introducing office automation Introducing new capabilities: flexible

access and decision support Improving competitiveness by changing

the nature or conduct of business (i.e. IS/IT investments can be a source of competitive advantage)



Types of SIS Those that link the organization to its customers

or suppliers to share information Those that effectively integrate the use of

information in the organization value chain Those that enable the organization to develop

new or enhanced products or services based on information

Those that provide managers with better information for strategy development

Example: Tradenet, SABRE (American Airlines), Valuelink (Baxter Healthcare).



Success Factors of SIS External in nature instead of internal focus: i.e image

building Adding value instead of cost reduction: i.e e-ticket Sharing the benefits internally and externally: i.e ATM Understanding customers and their needs: i.e

customized product Business instead of technology driven innovation: i.e

covering a wider customers Incremental instead of total development: i.e web-

based application Using information gained to develop business: i.e

learning organization Exercise your critical thinking by giving more

examples to those success factors !!



Trends in the evolution of business IS/IT (source: adapted from R.D. Galliers and E. Somogyi)


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