Focus on Personalized Medicine

Personalized Medicine: A topical analysis using Thomson Reuters data and analytics

MLA annual meetingMay, 2010

Ann Kushmerick,Manager, Research Evaluation and Bibliometric Data

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What is personalized medicine?

Information about a patient's protein, gene or metabolite profile could be used to tailor medical care

Individual’s information is being used:

–to stratify disease status

–select from among different medications

–tailor dosages

–provide a specific therapy

–initiate a preventative measure

“A form of medicine that uses information about a person’s genes, proteins, and environment to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease.” -National Cancer Institute

U.S. to Compare Medical Treatments February 15, 2009 The $787 billion economic stimulus bill approved by Congress will, for the first time, provide substantial amounts of money for the federal government to compare the effectiveness of different treatments for the same illness.

- New York Times

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UPDATE: Personalized Medicine Poised to Become Part of US Healthcare Reform Plan March 24, 2010The healthcare reform bill includes a section on comparative effectiveness research that creates the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. Seen as a victory for personalized medicine, the institute will study the utility of medical products in "various subpopulations," including groups differentiated by genetic and molecular subtypes.

- Genomeweb.com

How did we define personalized medicine for this presentation?

• individualized health

• prospective care

• molecular diagnostic test*

• pharmacogenetic test*

• protein expression profil*

• therapist/physician SAME tailored

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• molecular profiling

• pharmacogenomic

• pharmacogenetic

• biomarker SAME gene

• treatment individualization

• personalized SAME therapy

Examples of keywords used:

What questions can Thomson Reuters data answer about personalized medicine?

• Who are the highly cited institutions and researchers in this field?

• What are the publication and citation trends?

• Who collaborates in this area?

• What countries have the most impact in personalized medicine?

• What are the key journal articles/patents/book chapters/conference proceedings on this topic?

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Manage Manage Research Research OutputOutput

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QualitySearch & Search & DiscoverDiscover

Write & Write & PublishPublish

Research CycleResearch CycleResearch CycleResearch Cycle

•Web of Science•BIOSIS Previews•BIOSIS Citation Index•Zoological Record•Derwent Innovations Index•INSPEC•CAB Abstracts and Global Health•MEDLINE

•EndNote •EndNote Web•Scholar One

•InCites•Journal Citation Reports•Custom data •Web Services

•Researcher ID•Thomson Pharma•Thomson Innovation

Thomson Reuters: Solutions for the entire research cycle

Evaluate Evaluate outcomesoutcomes

Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge: a comprehensive, biomedical discovery tool

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Web of Science

- 10,000 Journals, Natural and Social Sciences Coverage back to 1900

- 12,000 Conference Proceedings Annually

BIOSIS Previews and BIOSIS Citation Index

- 5,250 Journals

- Thousands of Meetings, Books, Patents Annually

MEDLINE

5,180 Journals

Personalized Medicine data in Web of Knowledge

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MEDLINE records

View same article in BIOSIS for specific biological information

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Analyze times cited information in Web of Science

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Use Web of Knowledge analytical tools like citation map

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Institutions that cited this paper

Who is funding personalized medicine research?

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Number of papers by funding body acknowledged: Web of Science

BIOSIS Citation Index

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A citation resource providing cited references for BIOSIS Previews content:

– Cited references for BIOSIS unique items (beginning with 2006 production year data)

– Cited references for BIOSIS items that overlap with items in the Web of Science (for all years, 1900 - forward)

– All citation data is contained within the BIOSIS database

Unique BIOSIS times-cited count

Available only on the Web of Knowledge platform

BIOSIS Citation Index• BIOSIS database has been known for decades for

extensive coverage of biomedicine: • Journals and Serials-over 5,000 titles

• Meetings, Conference

• Reviews of books, software

• Books, book chapters

• U.S. patents

• And unique, in-depth indexing:

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Major Concepts Concept Code(s)

Taxonomic Data Disease Data

Chemical Data Gene Name Data

Sequence Data Geographic Data

Geologic Time Data Methods and Equipment Data

Parts & Structure Data Miscellaneous Descriptors

…Combined with the power of citation indexing in BIOSIS Citation Index

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As with Web of Science, BIOSIS Citation Index includes a true cited reference index revealing exactly what has been cited, and allowing one to browse and select the exact cited items on which to search.

BIOSIS Citation Index: Variety of research materials on personalized medicine

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Explore citation relationships in BIOSIS Citation Index

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This book chapter was cited 24 times within BIOSIS Citation Index

This book chapter was cited 31 times across Web of Knowledge

BIOSIS Citation Index- citation map visualization

Use citation report visualization

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Personalized medicine: concept code= psychiatry-addiction alcohol, drugs, smoking

Precise searching for relevant biomedical research

• Chemical=gramicidin S

• Major concept=(Pharmaceuticals)

• Concept Code=(Blood - Blood and lymph studies)

• Taxonomic data=(Hominidae)

• Literature Type=(Meeting Paper) 20

Research Analytics: tools like InCites provide comprehensive citation metrics and analytics

1.31

• InCites is a web-based research evaluation tool designed to track trends on the field, country, and institution level, and to enable detailed bibliometric analysis of the set of papers important to you.

Types of citation metrics and what they measure

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Productivity # papers

Total influence

# citations

H-index

Efficiency

Avg. citation rate

Percent of papers cited

Relative Impact/Benchmarking

Journal actual/expected citation rate

Category actual/ expected citation rate

Percentile in category and mean percentile

% papers in top 10% of their field


Aggregated Performance Indicator

Specialization Disciplinarity indexInterdisciplinarity index

Can be applied to an institution, a researcher, a research group, etc.

Personalized medicine: trend in publications and citations

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70-fold increase in papers using this terminology over the 30 year period

Citations increased from 723 in 1990 to 57,127 in 2009

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pe

rs

cita

tion

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Research Analytics: metrics from InCites

Most highly-cited paper in personalized medicine:

• vant Veer LJ, Dai HY, van de Vijver MJ, et al. Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. Nature (415), 6871. 530-536. Jan 31, 2002.

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Citation metrics

Times Cited: 2,784

Journal performance ratio: 16.06 (cited over 16 times the expected rate for the journal)

Category performance ratio: 24.96 (cited almost 25 times the expected rate for the field of oncology)

Percentile: Top 0.005% of oncology papers from 2002

Highly Cited Institutions: Personalized medicine

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# citations received

Mayo Clinic & Mayo Foundation 10,350

Harvard University 10,251

National Cancer Institute 7,928

University of Washington 7,236

University of California San Francisco 6,917

Source: Web of Science and InCites

Top 10 countries publishing in personalized medicine

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Source: Web of Science and InCites

Coauthored Papers Country Country

210Canada USA

179England USA

160Germany USA

122Italy USA

112Netherlands USA

77Germany Netherlands

77Peoples R China USA

74England Germany

74Germany Switzerland

72France USA

69Australia USA

68Japan USA

64Spain USA

CoauthoredPapers Country Country

210Canada USA

179England USA

160Germany USA

122Italy USA

112Netherlands USA

77Germany Netherlands

77Peoples R China USA

74England Germany

74Germany Switzerland

72France USA

69Australia USA

68Japan USA

64Spain USA


83Canada USA

74Germany USA

73England USA

47Italy USA

34England Germany

34France USA

30France Germany

29Switzerland USA

28Netherlands USA

25England France

24Australia USA

24England Italy

24Japan USA

Changing collaboration partners


83Canada USA

74Germany USA

73England USA

47Italy USA

34England Germany

34France USA

30France Germany

29Switzerland USA

28Netherlands USA

25England France

24Australia USA

24England Italy

24Japan USA

2000-2004 2005-2009

Pharmaceutical companies publishing in personalized medicine

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Drill down to Merck papers

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What topics is Merck researching? Which are highly cited?

# citations keyword

264SURROGATE END-POINTS

231BREAST-CANCER

187ASSOCIATION

174CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE

174CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE

173ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE

173B-CELL LYMPHOMA

173C-REACTIVE PROTEIN

173IN-VIVO

173MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

173POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY

168GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES

With whom is Merck collaborating?

http://mayoresearch.mayo.edu/mayo/research/staff/weinshilboum_rm.cfm

Most highly cited author in this topical dataset

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Richard M. Weinshilboum, M.D. Mayo Clinic

http://mayoresearch.mayo.edu/mayo/research/staff/weinshilboum_rm.cfm

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Dr. Weinshilboum’s most cited paper

Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: Description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenetics. Vol 6. 1996. (Article)

Journal Expected citations: 61.78

Average citations specific to journal, year of article, and document type.Baseline for journal performance.Weinshilboum’s ratio of actual cites to expected: 9.27 (573/61.78)

Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: Description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenetics. Vol 6. 1996. (Article) Times cited: 573

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Category Expected citations: 23.31

Average citations specific to category, year of article, and document type.Baseline for category performance.Weinshilboum’s ratio of actual cites to expected: 23.04 (537/23.31)


Category : pharmacology and pharmacy

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Percentile: 0.028%

Percentile position specific to field and year. The closer to zero, the more highly cited.

Weinshilboum’s paper falls into the top 0.028% of all pharmacology/pharmacy papers from 1996.


Category : pharmacology and pharmacy

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Times cited: 573

Weinshilboum, RM-summary metrics

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Relative Impact/Bench-marking

Journal actual/expected

1.49

Category actual/expected

2.48

Mean percentile 27.34


37%


8%

Special-ization

Disciplinarity index 0.22

Productivity # papers 112

Total influence

# citations 4,086

H-index 33

Efficiency Avg. citation rate

36.48

Percent of papers cited

81.25

Weinshilboum’s papers perform 49% above their journals’ normal citation rates and 148% above their categories’ normal citation rates. His papers rank in the top 27% of their fields, according to citation count.

Websites for further information:BIOSIS Citation IndexInCitesResearch Analytics

Bibliometrics white papersUsing Bibliometrics: A Guide to Evaluating Research PerformanceUsing bibliometrics in evaluating research

Focus on Personalized Medicine

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