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THE QM TECHNICAL LIBRARY0Q TECHNICAL TRAINING SERVICE

i DET~STER TRAINING COAiNADl

SE VICE[ ORT LEE VA.,

AND es

MEDICAL COMPANIES b

INFANTRY REGIMENT , B

pEARTMEN OFSof hiE raMde or poTiMion 19isentmsed olely by vit of"" ma r Suah matter

kn ld95 or possessoln ft c (51 :Isee

is entrusted O"I~ those inhat du is, ARl 380-5

CEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY * SEPTEMBER 19149

WARNING

Authority for release of this document to a foreigngovernment must be secured from the Director of Intel-ligence, GSUSA.

When this document is released to a foreign gov-ernment, it is released subject to the followingconditions: This information is furnished with the under-standing that it will not be released to another nationwithout specific approval of the United States ofAmerica, Department of the Army; that it will not beused for other than military purposes; that individualor corporation rights originating in the informationwhether patented or not will be respected; and thatthe information will be afforded substantially the somedegree of security as afforded by the United States ofAmerica, Department of the Army.

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL

FM 7-30

This manual supersedes FM 7-30, 1 June 1944.

SERVICE

AND

MEDICAL COMPANIES

INFANTRY REGIMENT

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY · SEPTEMBER 1949

UNCLASSIFIEDMRO . DISSEMINATION OF RESTRICTED MATTER.-No

person is entitled solely by virtue of his grade or position toknowledge or possession of classified matter. Such matteris entrusted only to those individuals whose official dutiesrequire such knowledge or possession. (See also AR 380-5.)

United States Government Printing Office

Washington : 1949

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYWASHINGTON 25, D.C., 2 September 1949

FM 7-30, Service and Medical Companies, InfantryRegiment, is published for the information and guidanceof all concerned.

[AG 300.7 (13 Jun 49)]

BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMY:

OFFICIAL: J. LAWTON COLLINSChief of Staff, United States Army

EDWARD F. WITSELLMajor GeneralThe Adjutant General

DISTRIBUTION:

Tech Sv (2); Arm & Sv Bd (1); OS Maj Comd(2); Base Comd (2); MDW (2); A (ZI)(20), (Overseas) (5); CHQ (2); D (2) ex-cept 17 (10); B (2);JR'7, 71 (10); Bn 7, 71(5); C 7, 71 (2); USMA (50); Sch (10)except Inf Sch (1500); PMS&T (1); T/O & E7-13N (10); 7-33N (10); 8-7N (10); 8-71N(10); SPECIAL DISTRIBUTION.

For explanation of distribution formula, see SR310-90-1.

it

CONTENTS

Paragraphs Page

PART ONE. SUPPLY, MAINTENANCE, ANDEVACUATION.

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .... ....... 1-11 1

2. CLASS I SUPPLY .............. .. 12-19 15

3. CLASS II AND IV SUPPLY ....... 20-26 31

4. CLASS III SUPPLY ............ 27-31 37

5. CLASS V SUPPLY ............ 32-36 41

6. VEHICLE MAINTENANCE ........ 37-45 49

7. REPAIR AND OTHER ACTIVITIES.. 46-52 56

8. PLANS, ORDERS, AND REPORTS.. 53-60 62

PART TWO. SERVICE COMPANY, INFANTRYREGIMENT.

CHAPTER 9. ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OF'SERVICE COMPANY PERSONNEL

Section I. Introduction .................... 61-63 69II. Regimental administration platoon 64-67 73

III. Regimental service platoon ...... 68-75 76

IV. Regimental train ............... 76-77 79

CHAPTER10. COMBAT SUPPORT, SERVICECOMPANY.

Section I. Introduction .................... 78-79 82II. Operation of the service company

combat support system ........ 80-87 83

III. Operation of the battalion combatsupport system ................ 88-95 93

IV. Operation of company supplysystems ...................... 96-103 98

V. Security for combat support ..... 104-106 106

VI. Combat support during operations.107-11 6 110VII. Special operations .............. 117-123 123

iii

Paragraphs Page

PART THREE. MEDICAL COMPANY, INFANTRYREGIMENT.

CHAPTER 11. ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OFMEDICAL COMPANY PERSONNEL.

Section I. Introduction .................... 124 133II. Company headquarters .......... 125 133

III. Collecting platoon .............. 126-129 135IV. Battalion medical platoon ........ 130-134 137

CHAPTER12. COMBAT SUPPORT, MEDICALCOMPANY.

Section 1. Medical service and supply ...... 135-137 141II. Battalion aid station ............ 138-141 142

III. Collecting station .............. 142-146 145IV. Litter bearer and ambulance sec-

tions ......................... 147 150V. Company headquarters .......... 148-150 151

VI. Medical service during specificoperations .................... 151-160 152

VII. Communications, administration,and other activities ............161-167 161

PART FOUR. SERVICE AND MEDICAL COM-PANIES, AIRBORNE INFANTRYREGIMENT.

CHAPTER 13. ORGANIZATION, DUTIES, ANDOPERATIONS OF THE AIRBORNESERVICE COMPANY ........... 168-170 167

14. ORGANIZATION, DUTIES, ANDOPERATIONS OF THE AIRBORNEMEDICAL COMPANY .......... 180-185 173

APPENDIX I. REFERENCES .................... 177

II. TRAINING ...................... 181

INDEX ........................................ 212

iv

This manual supersedes FM 7-30, 1 June 1944.

PART ONE

SUPPLY, MAINTENANCE,AND EVACUATION

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE. This manual tellshow to supply and maintain the infantry and airborneinfantry regiments. For additional details see the textslisted in appendix II, and current tables of Organiza-tion and Equipment for infantry and airborne infantryunits.

2. EXPLANATION OF TERMS. a. Administra-tive orders cover the supply, maintenance, evacuation,transportation, and other administrative details of op-erations. Administrative instructions are included inoperation orders or issued separately as administrativeorders. Division administrative orders are either com-plete or fragmentary and are usually written. Regimen-tal administrative orders are written or oral, and maybe either complete or fragmentary.

b. Combat support is the assistance the regimentalservice or medical company gives tactical units duringcombat. This support includes-

(1) Providing units with supplies of all types.

(2) Maintaining vehicles, arms, and other equip-ment.

(3) Providing transportation for troops and sup-plies.

(4) Providing medical service for sick andwounded.

(5) Providing such other services as mail, specialequipment, clothing exchange, salvage, andrepair.

c. Release point, used in reference to vehicle control,is a location where the control of a vehicle or group ofvehicles passes from one unit to another. For example,a regimental release point is the place where control ofkitchen trucks or other vehicles shifts from the regimentto the battalion. A release point should be easily de-scribed and recognized, located on or near a road ortrail, and in rear of the place where routes diverge tothe various elements.

d. Requirements are quantities of supplies needed toequip, supply, maintain, and sustain a military unit for

*a specific period.e. Supplies are issued by either supply point distribu-

tion or unit distribution. In supply point distributionthe using unit picks up its supplies at a higher echelonsupply point, and hauls them to its own area. For ex-ample, the regiment picks up rations at the divisionclass I supply point and hauls them to the regimentalclass I supply point. Supply point distribution is themethod most commonly used by the infantry divisionin supplying its subordinate units. In unit distributionsupplies are delivered to the using unit. For example,the division quartermaster company may deliver rationsto the regimental class I supply point.

2

f. Supplies for airborne operations are divided intoechelons. These echelons are accompanying supplies,unit air supply, and replenishment supply. This ar-rangement provides continuing supply during the pro-gressive phases of establishing an airhead.

g. Accompanying supplies are carried by units intoan airhead and include all classes of supplies.

h. Unit air supply is delivered to assault airborneforces by free drop, parachute, glider, or powered air-craft. This includes supplies delivered direct to unitsin the airhead after assault landings have been made,but before adequate replenishment.supplies are available.

i. Replenishment supplies are transported to an air-head for delivery to corps or army supply points in themaintenance area. Replenishment supplies are distrib-uted to units by normal ground distribution methods.

3. MISSION OF SUPPLY MAINTENANCE,AND MEDICAL PERSONNEL. a. Regimentalsupply personnel secure supplies and deliver them tounits and individuals. In doing this work the regimen-tal supply personnel-

(1) Provide supplies to initiate combat.(2) Replenish supplies.(3) Deliver supplies to forward elements during

all phases of combat.b. Regimental maintenance personnel keep vehicles

and other equipment of the regiment in a serviceablecondition. They make repairs within the limitations oftime, tools and spare parts, technical training, and thetactical situation.

c. Regimental medical personnel provide medicalservice to the regiment.

3

4. SUPPLY PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES.a. Supply principles. Principles of supply operationsapply to all conditions of combat. However, the appli-cation of any one supply principle may vary as thesituation changes. Supply procedures conformto thefollowing principles:

(1) Supply is a command responsibility. A com-mander may charge certain of his officerswith supply functions, but the commanderalone is responsible for supplying his unit.

(2) Supply and tactics have an inseparable alli-ance. The tactical plan and the supply planare prepared in close coordination. The tacti-cal plan must be one which can be adequatelysupplied, and the supply plan must supportthe tactical plan. A well conceived tactical planis likely to fail unless it is supported by asound supply plan.

(3) Supply plans should be simple and continuous.The simple plan is usually the best plan. Con-tinuity of supply requires a constant study offuture needs and timely delivery of requiredsupplies.

(4) Supply plans should have flexibility and pro-vide for mobility to meet rapidly changingsituations. Flexibility is attained by decentral-izing operations and control, and by carefullylocating installations. Mobility is attained bydistributing supplies both laterally and indepth, keeping supply vehicles loaded, andhaving supply installations prepared to move.

(5) The impetus of supply is from the rear to-ward the point of consumption. Each element

4

in the supply chain pushes supplies forward toor within reach of the elements in front, andeach commander is responsible for makinghis requirements known to his commander.(These requirements are forwarded in suffi-cient time to permit supplies to be furnishedby normal methods. This includes time formaking necessary arrangements to draw anddistribute supplies.)

(6) Adequate supplies are provided without creat-ing an immobilizing excess. Combat separatesunits and individuals from their source ofsupply. This frequently requires units andindividuals to be self-sustaining. To meetthese conditions, supply needs are anticipatedand reserves are carried on individuals andvehicles. However, an increase in the amountof supplies carried reduces mobility. The solu-·tion that gives reasonable certainty of supplyyet retains tactical mobility is adopted. Effec-tive application of supply discipline aids mo-bility by decreasing the quantity of suppliesneeded to keep the unit in operating condition.

(7) Combat elements are relieved of all but essen-tial administrative details. Whenever prac-ticable, supply officers anticipate requirementsarid furnish supplies without a written re-quest. Supply personnel prepare ·supply formsand maintain regimental supply records.

(8) Supplies and transportation are conserved.Supplies are safeguarded to prevent loss, pil-ferage, and waste. Transportation and equip-ment are conserved for essential tasks.

5

b. Normal Supply Procedures.(1) Equipment and supplies to be carried by in-

dividuals and units are listed in Tables of Or-ganization and Equipment, and in the direc-tives from commanders. As supplies areexpended, they are replenished with replace-ment supplies obtained from higher echelonsupply points by regimental supply agencies.

(2) Supply requisitions follow command chan-nels. Units submit informal requests throughtheir unit supply officers to the regimentalS-4, who consolidates where necessary, pre-pares requisitions, and forwards them to theappropriate division supply agency. Therequisitions are normally consolidated at divi-sion and forwarded to army supply agencies.However, in some cases division agencies mayforward requisitions without consolidation.

(3) Supplies are made available to units at armysupply points and may be drawn either inbulk for the entire division, or direct by theunits. Supplies drawn in bulk are transportedby division agencies to the division supplypoints, where they are issued to units..

(4) The division supply agency makes necessaryarrangements with army supply agencies forthose units which are to draw supplies directat the army supply points. Regiments are thennotified when and where the supplies will beissued. The regiment picks up its supplies atthe issuing point and hauls them to the regi-mental supply points, where they are issued

6

BEEF BEANS BREAD WATER

CLASS IIWEAPONS

CLOTHING RADIO VEHICLES

CLASS III

GREASE OIL GASOLINE

CLASSIV

BARBED WIRE ASSAULT BOAT SCREWPICKETS

CLASSV

GRENADE 90-MM RIFLE ANTITANKAMMUNITION AMMUNITION MINE

Figure 1. Supplies are grouped into five classes.

to the requesting units either through battalionor company supply points.

(5) To simplify supply procedure supplies aredivided into five numbered classes as shownin figure 1. Each of the supply classes, andthe requisitioning and delivery methods, arediscussed in other chapters.

5. MAINTENANCE PRINCIPLES AND PRO-CEDURES. a. Maintenance procedures are gov-erned by the following principles:

(1) The commander of any unit is responsible forthe maintenance of his equipment.

(2) Preventive maintenance is essential. Thissaves time and reduces the load on supplyand transportation systems.

(3) Equipment repairs are performed as far for-ward as practicable. The exact repair locationdepends upon the tactical situation, spare partsand tools available, capabilities of personnel,and available time.

(4) The unit commander is responsible that anadequate supply of spare parts, assemblies,and tools is made available to maintenancepersonnel.

b. Maintenance activities are classified as organiza-tional maintenance, field maintenance, or base main-tenance. The details of maintenance procedures arediscussed in chapter 6.

c. Maintenance includes systematic servicing, in-specting, reporting of defects, teaching of care and use,and repairing of all items of equipment. Each indi-vidual maintains his own equipment. Commanders

8

make inspections and see that equipment is properlymaintained. After equipment has been repaired by ahigher echelon than the using unit, it is either returnedto the unit from which it was received or it is turnedover to supply agencies for reissue.

6. MEDICAL SERVICE PRINCIPLES ANDPROCEDURES. Within the regiment, medical serviceis provided by the regimental medical companyand follows a simple systematic procedure. Companyaid men are attached to companies to provide emer-gency medical treatment. Within the battalion, litterbearers or supporting ambulances evacuate sick orwounded to the battalion aid station. The regimentalcollecting platoon evacuates sick or wounded from thebattalion aid stations to the regimental collectingstation.

7. RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES. a. Theregimental commander is responsible for the supply,maintenance, medical service, and transportation of hiscommand. He is assisted by the regimental supply officer,officers assigned to the service company, and officersassigned to the medical company.

b. The regimental supply officer (S-4) coordinatesand supervises the regimental supply, maintenance,evacuation, and transportation operations. He is theregimental commander's principal staff officer for thesefunctions. The S-4's operations support the tacticalplan and are based upon the orders of higher head-quarters.

c. The S-4's duties require his close cooperation withother staff sections of the regiment. He also coordi-

9

nates with the unit commanders, the service company,the division G-4, and all supply establishments.

d. The supply office personnel usually work at theregimental train bivouac. The S-4 maintains an officeat the regimental command post but goes wherever hispresence is needed. He visits front-line battalions tokeep abreast of changing supply requirements.

e. The service company commander is the regimentalS-4's agent in supply operations. He supervises the re-ceipt and distribution of all supplies except class Vsupplies and medical items. He commands the regimen-tal train bivouac.

f. The regimental munitions officer is the principalassistant to the S-4 in handling class V items. Themunitions officer has several functions-

(1) He procures ammunition and other class Vitems.

(2) He establishes and operates regimental am-munition supply points.

(3) He distributes ammunition to battalions andother combat units.

(4) He prepares ammunition records and reports.(5) He commands the transportation under regi-

mental control being used to obtain ammuni-tion from rearward supply points.

g. The regimental motor transport officer commandsthe regimental service platoon of service company.This platoon secures and delivers supplies and performsorganizational maintenance on regimental vehicles.

h. The regimental surgeon commands the regimentalmedical company. He is also responsible for the medi-cal supply of the regiment. The medical company pro-

10

vides treatment and evacuation for the sick andwounded.

i. The regimental food service supervisor commandsthe food service group. He assists the regimental com-mander by supervising the preparation and serving offood.

j. The regimental graves registration officer com-mands the graves registration section. He is responsibleto the regimental commander for the proper evacuationof the dead. He works under the supervision of theregimental S-I, but he coordinates with the S-4 fortransportation, supplies, and the operation of evacua-tion points.

k. The personnel officer directs the operation of thepersonnel section. He works under the supervision ofthe S-1.

8. BATTALION SUPPLY RESPONSIBILITIES.a. The battalion commander is responsible for thesupply, maintenance, medical service, and transportationof his battalion. His principal staff assistant for thesefunctions is the battalion S-4. The S-4 keeps in closetouch with the tactical situation, and he coordinates hisactivities with those of other battalion staff officers. Hekeeps his command informed on S-4 matters.

b. The battalion motor transport officer is a memberof the battalion headquarters company. His duties aresimilar to those of the regimental motor transport offi-cer. He assists the battalion S-4 in supervising themovement of ammunition or other supplies. Companytransportation and any vehicles from the regimentaltrain which may be under battalion control are usedfor hauling. The motor transport officer also super-

11

vises and coordinates battalion organizational main-tenance activities.

c. The battalion pioneer and ammunition platoonleader commands the pioneer and ammunition platoonof the battalion headquarters company. He uses hisplatoon in ammunition supply and pioneer tasks. Thisincludes simple field engineering tasks which do notrequire extensive technical training or special engineerequipment. As battalion munitions officer, he worksclosely with the battalion S-4.

d. The battalion surgeon commands the battalionmedical platoon. He uses the platoon to treat and evacu-ate the sick and wounded.

9. COMPANY SUPPLY RESPONSIBILITIES.The company commander is responsible for the supplyand administration of the company and any attachedelements. He makes timely requests for supplies and dis-tributes them. The company commander is assisted inthese duties by the second-in-command, the first ser-geant, the mess steward, the supply sergeant, and thetransportation noncommissioned officer.

10. PLATOON SUPPLY RESPONSIBILITIES.The platoon leader is responsible for the supply of hisplatoon. He inspects the platoon to see that it is com-pletely equipped. Any shortages are replaced beforethe platoon is committed to combat. In combat he seesthat the platoon is fed, ammunition is replenished, andany shortages of arms or equipment are reported to thecompany commander. He checks on the timely deliveryof replacement items.

12

11. SUPPLY DISCIPLINE. Supply discipline isthe constant care, preservation, and conservation of allsupplies and equipment.

a. Good supply discipline promotes combat efficiency.It includes proper maintenance, battlefield salvage, ve-hicle recovery, evacuation of captured materiel, preven-tion of hoarding, and the indoctrination of all personnelwith the importance of supply.

b. Supply discipline is attained through training andenforcement by the officers and noncommissioned offi-cers of the unit. Training stresses the proper use andcare of food, clothing, weapons, fuel, motor vehicles,and other equipment.

c. Front-line units in combat evacuate damagedequipment and captured materiel, or report its locationto a higher headquarters. Individuals are not permittedto throw away equipment, use transportation unneces-sarily, or handle supplies carelessly. Commanders facili-tate supply discipline by carefully considering supplyrequirements before requisitioning individual equip-ment.

IS

TYPE A

FRESH BAKED FRESH FRESH WATERMEAT BREAD FRUIT VEGETABLES

TYPE B

CANNED FIELD- CANNED DRIED WATERMEATS BREAD FRUITS VEGETABLES

SMALL DETACHMENT

RATION. FIVE-IN-ONE WATER

INDIVIDUAL

CANNED OR PACKAGED MEALS WATER

SURVIVAL

WATER PURIFICATIONEMERGENCY USE TABLETS

Figure 2. Typical clajss I items.

14

CHAPTER 2

CLASS I SUPPLY

12. GENERAL. a. Class I supplies are items con-sumed at an approximately uniform daily rate irrespec-tive of combat operations or terrain, and which do nothave to be adapted to meet individual requirements.Rations and water are the principal class I items. (Seefig. 2.)

b. A ration is the allowance of food for one personfor one day. Ration components and substitutes are de-

termined by the Department of the Army. They areprocured and issued by the Quartermaster Corps.

c. Rations and food packets for field use are identi-fied as follows:

(1) Ration, field, type A is the basic' field ration.It contains a maximum number of perishablefoods including fresh fruits, meat, and vege-tables. Type A is used whenever and wher-ever circumstances permit.

'(2) Ration, operational, type B corresponds asnearly as practicable to the type A. However,such nonperishables as canned or dried fruitsand vegetables and canned meats are substi-tuted for the perishable items. Type B pro-vides an adequate diet over a long period oftime. It is designed for use when perishablescannot be provided and where kitchens areavailable.

is'

(3) Ration, five-in-one, consists of precooked orprepared food which may be eaten either hotor cold. This ration is designed for smallgroup feeding, but it may be used to a limitedextent for organizational feeding. The five-in-one ration is used when it is not practicableto feed the type A or type B, and where theindividual ration is not mandatory.

(4) Ration, individual, combat, consists of pack-aged precooked or prepared foods which maybe eaten either hot or cold. This ration pro-vides food when cooking facilities are notavailable. The individual ration may be usedfor periods from a few days to an extreme ofthree weeks.

(5) Food packet, individual, assault, consists of

precooked or prepared foods which may beeaten hot or cold. This packet provides foodfor the initial assault phase of combat. It ispackaged for individual carry, and is seldomused for more than one day.

(6) Food packet, individual, survival, consists ofprecooked or prepared foods especially de-signed for survival. It has a minimum bulkand weight and is packaged and enclosed forconvenient carrying. This packet is issued toall personnel for emergency use only.

(7) The sundries pack is issued as a supplementto the field ration, either type A or B. It con-tains items essential to the health and moraleof the troops, including toilet articles, tobacco,and candy. The sundries pack is issued when

16

army exchange or similar sales facilities arenot available.

(8) Special items packs are issued to hospitals andaid stations for medical patients. Fruit juices,soups, and beverages, which provide specialnourishment, are included.

d. In combat, troops are fed hot meals whenever pos-sible. Hot meals increase morale and contribute directlyto successful combat action.

13. PROCUREMENT OF RATIONS. a. Thequantity and type of rations to be carried by indi-viduals, units, and on unit trains is stated in division orother orders. Divisions replenish prescribed loads fromarmy class I supply points. In most situations unitsdraw rations daily and follow a relatively standard pro-cedure in distributing them to the troops (see fig. 3).

b. A ration cycle is the twenty-four-hour period dur-ing which the ration is consumed. Usually the regimentdraws a ration during one cycle for consumption duringthe following cycle. Although this cycle may begin withany meal, it is preferable for it to begin with supper.This permits the breakdown and sorting of the rationsduring daylight hours.

c. The regimental ration requisition is based onstrength reports submitted by units to the regimentalS-1. It also includes informal requests for particulartypes of rations made by companies and battalionsthrough their supply agents.

d. The regimental supply officer prepares a daily con-solidated request for the quantity and types of rationsrequired by the regiment. This request is submitted tothe division quartermaster. Division supply agencies

17

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consolidate the daily requests into a consolidated divi-sion daily ration request. This is forwarded daily to thearmy quartermaster, who operates the class I supplypoint supporting the division.

e. When the division is operating a class I supplypoint, the division quartermaster sends transportationto the army supply point. This transportation picks upbulk rations on a schedule, and returns them to the di-vision area. The division quartermaster breaks the ra-tions down into unit lots at the division supply point.Rations are then issued to regiments in accordance withthe administrative order time schedule.

f. When the division has not established a class I sup-ply point, the regiment draws its rations direct fromthe army supply point in accordance with arrangementsmade by division agencies.

14. RATION DISTRIBUTION. a. Rations are dis-tributed to regimental units through the regimentalclass I supply point. This installation usually is estab-lished in the regimental train bivouac. It is the placewhere the service company receiving and distributinggroup unloads and sorts the rations.

b. The amounts of the ration items due a companyare determined by multiplying the strength of that com-pany, including personnel attached for rations, by theallowance per man per item. A sample form for abreakdown of rations is shown in figure 4. After theseamounts have been determined the various items areweighed or counted and divided into company lots. Toavoid confusion and to equalize overages or shortages,the ration breakdown is completed before distribution,

19

FORM FOR BREAKDOWNOF RATIQNS

theet No ..... ..- .... ill of Far N ...........No. o Shets .--------- · Date ------Do ----

PER ICOMEN 15 ' , 60o2 orrf4 I .1 7 I _Z _

a t '

_ D 0_ 0 . :oai ,a ob4 ' G Z mZZ

~TK Co }125,8 4 7 3 /Z

B 134 317 //a ,

UNIT Co IB I LB? A N

MCgo C 165 15516 _ 99I I2 /7 ZZ3B 4G 5 /2 /.5 2

*H Co 2nd 09 B4 Bn _ 75 -4 - 3 214 2 36 4 _ _ 3 /F _ 4UNrt Co 141 21B9914 785 0.14 13 a4F 1 O4l [C AA 41

'Mod Co 112 17 7913 6 7132 /9 2 4 3 r //2 Z 1 .5 0 _/*HqCo lst Bn 71384219714 T8 2317 34 23/ 64 45/77 41

CoA 181 Z712715 9 109 22 /& -Z/ 4 T15q 1 2 8

4 2 ' isCoB J e 1 2711 9 H 107_ I 2i /90 4 -- 2 /1.7.22" 6CoC 1651251t161 18 99 o0117 2 3rga5 ? !.r zoZoS11GoD ZISI4 z0 o. 48 l 91 /8 2 3C 52 /j, ,T/5 / ef

*Hq Co2nd Bn 4 1z 4321 0014 3 6 4 _41 3 l3 //8 4CoE 176 12 31 5l 1106 2/119/68 J a-S T 1 Z/ a2 f /_COF K 177 2 Z4.0o 1061989 79 _r 2/ J ZC r lcoG . 8s5l3 28 16 9/ Z2 9 31I« 4 2_23 /9 -24 G/19

con 46 122 10214 '7 98 15/ 523 4/AT I ' 8415

Co 1 1SO 24 f f 4 t6 / rJ / I7l 5 1/, /51 /d t1CoK I170 4 Its 9 10220, o1/ I5?

2/17,jZ ,S 1

CoL . 188 zq2_ 9 1// 9 3 219.524 q5 - /9 3 ?51 a

TOTAL____l 3 / a lS2i Ž.gJ 384 92WVCDFROMOM _ 4zs 94i54 92 0 25 040 343 Go 945

NOTE: Strengths based on probability of losses (cosualties, absentees)*Personnel of Medicol Platoon in Battalion Headquarters Com-

pany strength

**ltems short or over in Issues are apportioned equitobly betweenunits over a period of time,

Figure 4. Suggested form for ration breakdown.

20

and should be supervised by an officer. The receivingand distributing group keeps records of actual issuesto units.

c. At the regimental class I supply point, companymess personnel receive the rations and transport themto the kitchen locations. If the kitchens are located nearthe regimental class I supply point, the rations are handcarried.

15. COMPANY KITCHENS. a. Location. Kitchensmay be held under regimental control, or released tobattalion or company control. They may be located inthe regimental train bivouac area, at battalion kitchenlocations, or at company mess locations. (See fig. 5.)Kitchens are located as close as conditions permit tothe troops they are serving. Their locations are selectedby the regimental or battalion S-4. The following fac-tors are considered in locating kitchens:

(1) The tactical situation.(2) The area over which the regiment is deployed.(3) Natural cover and concealment wh;ch is avail-

able in forward areas.(4) The road net.(5) The feasibility of delivering rations close-to

forward troops with vehicles.(6) Enemy observation and fire.(7) The type of ration in use.

b. Preparation of food.(1) Rations are divided into meal lots at the kit-

chen locations. The food is prepared under thecompany mess steward's supervision. Food iseither served at the kitchen location or is

21

RATIONS MAY TTLIO'

DE PREPAREDAT ( \ =7(ITCCIEN LOCATi-N/

!_111

<,*TRAIN BIVOUAC'~ .{>~~~~~~ {1 \ RATIONS ARE DIVIDED

INTO COMPANY LOTS AT

NAR KIT REIM4NTALRATION IREAKDowN

LOC a\ | H H RATIONS ARE

placed in hot food containers forITCHEN LOCATIONS INing. The supper meal AVAILArLE TRANSPORT.

placthe ompany mehot fossod containers for delivery toen-

(2) Kitchen trucks sometimes go forward with

ing. The supper meal is prepared at the kitchenlocation-breakfast and dinner are prepared atthe company mess area or some other conhren-

22

ient forward location. When cooked mealscannot be delivered forward by kitchen trucksor lighter vehicles, members of the companymess detail may move forward close behindtheir units with the necessary equipment toheat canned rations and prepare hot drinks forthe front-line troops.

(3) Infantry units are provided with one-burnercooking outfits. These are designed for indi-vidual or small group use when it is not other-wise practical to provide hot food.

16. HOW FOOD IS DELIVERED TO TROOPS.a. The situation dictates whether food and water aredelivered forward from the kitchen location during day-light or darkness. Food .and water are usually trans-ported to the troop locations by kitchen trucks or bylighter company vehicles. In rough terrain pack animalsor hand-carry is used. When available, civilian portersare used for hand-carry, thereby conserving the fightingstrength of the units. (See fig. 6.)

b. When kitchens are located in the regimental trainbivouac, the regimental supply officer is responsible forthe delivery of food. He issues the necessary instruc-tions, supervises the loading of food and water, andcontrols the movement. He dispatches the vehicles for-ward to the regimental release point in time to accom-plish the feeding plans. The battalion S-4 arranges forcompany guides to meet the vehicles at the release point.The guides conduct the vehicles forward to the com-pany mess locations. When feeding is over, the vehiclesreturn to the regimental release point, where the regi-mental S-4 or his representative assumes control and

23

FOOD IS CARRIED To

UNIS WHICH MUST

REMAIN N OSITON.

UNITS WHICH CANNOT BE

REACHED BY VEHICLES ARE

FED BY CARRYING PARTIES.

0 GUIDES FROMCOMPANIES MEET

RATIONS ARE DIVIDED INTO - VEHICLES AT

MEAL LOTS AND PREPARED RELEASE POINT.

AT KITCHEN LOCATIONS.

VEHICLES UNDER REGIMENTAL

CONTROL MOVE FORWARD

--~[~'~'" '~ "a| UNDER SUPERVISION OFS-4'S

KITCHEN LOCATIONS

MESS LOCATIONS

Figure 6. Food and water are delivered from the kitchenlocations to the troops.

guides the vehicles back to the regimental train bivouac.Meals are delivered to separate companies by a similarprocedure.

c. When kitchens are located in battalion kitchenareas, the battalion S-4 issues instructions for deliver-ing food and water. He follows the same procedure asthe regimental S-4. Guides from the companies meet

24

vehicles at the kitchen location and conduct them to andfrom the company mess locations. Meals are deliveredto separate companies in a similar manner.

d. There are several ways of delivering food andwater to attached or supporting elements. The methodused depends upon the tactical disposition, the terrain,the distance from parent units, and the probable dura-tion of the attachment or support.

e. Elements of heavy weapons companies, when em-ployed in support of a rifle company, are usually fed bytheir parent company. Sometimes difficult terrain or thedistance from the parent kitchen makes this inadvisable.The ration is then drawn and prepared by the parentcompany and delivered in containers to the kitchen ofthe supported company. The food is carried forward onrifle company transportation. Mess personnel from theparent company go forward with the food if transpor-tation is adequate.

f. Elements of the battalion attached to other com-panies for short periods are fed like the heavy weaponscompany. This avoids confusion in ration breakdown ordistribution. Some elements may be attached to othercompanies for a definite and prolonged period. Theseelements are fed by mess personnel of the company towhich they are attached.

g. Elements of the tank company or heavy mortarcompany may be attached to supporting battalions. Howlong these elements are to be employed is difficult topredict and it often changes after rations have beendistributed. As a routine procedure, the parent com-pany usually draws, prepares, and delivers food for itsown elements. When necessary heavy weapons companymethods of feeding are used.

25

h. Some elements and men (medical platoons and aidmen) are attached to other units on a relatively per-manent basis. These persons are reported by the unitas attached for rations.

i. Commanders and supply officers coordinate plansso that food is delivered to all elements. Commanderswith small attached elements see that these attachmentsare fed. Commanders whose elements are attached toother units assist these units in ration delivery and foodpreparation.

17. SERVING OF MEALS. a. Meals usually areserved at the company mess location. This site is se-lected by the company commander. The company messlocation should be near the troops, accessible to vehiclescarrying the food, large enough for troops, concealedfrom hostile observation, and protected from flat tra-jectory fire. As many men as possible are fed there.Carrying parties are organized to deliver hot food tothose troops who cannot come to the mess location.'Carrying parties are told when to return empty con-tainers for use in delivering the next meal.

b. Supper and breakfast are usually served as hotmeals. Dinner is often issued cold; either as a lunch, orby issuing one-third of a ration-individual, combat.The time of serving hot meals conforms as nearly aspossible to the usual meal hours.

18. FEEDING PLANS. a. The regimental S-4 de-termines the best plan for feeding the regiment. Hethen submits this plan to.the regimental commander forapproval. After approval, the S-4 transmits it to bat-talion S-4's and to commanders of separate companies

26

or detachments who are notified as early as possible offeeding plans. This allows mess personnel maximumtime to prepare the meals. The feeding plan includes allor part of the following instructions:

(1) Time and place of ration issue.(2) Location of kitchens.(3) Vehicles to be employed for delivery.(4) Instructions relative to loading of food con-

tainers.(5) Additional items of supply which are to be

sent forward.(6) Time that vehicles will leave kitchen locations.(7) Designation of the release point.(8) Time the vehicles are released to battalion or

separate company control and time they revertto regimental control.

(9) Any restrictions on movement.

b. The battalion S-4 prepares the battalion feedingplan, which is based upon the regimental plan. Thebattalion plan includes any additional information onsupplies to be brought forward. It contains instructionson the movement of vehicles while they are under bat-talion control.

c. After the plan is approved by his battalion com-

mander, the battalion S-4 notifies each company con-cerned. He arranges for guides to each mess location,and for the feeding of attached or supporting troops.When kitchens are under regimental control, he informsthe service company commander of these arrangements.The plan is issued in time for instructions to reach per-

sonnel who are to load vehicles.

d. Company and detachment feeding plans include:(1) Type of ration to be fed.

27

(2) Selection of company mess areas.(3) Arrangements for vehicle and guides and

carrying parties.(4) Release and return of vehicles.(5) Supervising vehicles while they are under

company control.(6) Arrangements for feeding attached personnel.

e. The outlined feeding plans fit most tactical re-quirements. Ration distribution is flexible and plansare modified to meet specific circumstances. Each unitbecomes responsible for distributing rations and waterwhen it receives notice of the time and place wherethese supplies will be available. Unit responsibility endswhen the supplies are released to the next echelon.

19. WATER SUPPLY. a. Water comes from divi-sion engineer water supply points. Engineer unitsselect and develop suitable sources within the divisionarea-purifying the drinking water. Kitchen personnelpick up their water at the water supply points-usingtrailers and 5-gallon water cans. They deliver the waterwith the food forward from kitchen locations to troops.(See fig. 7.)

b. The water sterilizing bag is set up in companymess locations. Troops fill their canteens when theycome to mess. Water is delivered to forward positionsin the same manner as food is delivered. To keep for-ward elements supplied, some filled cans are left atmess locations during the day, and some are deliveredforward on ammunition carrying vehicles.

c. Several expedients are available to purify waterbefore it is used for cooking and drinking. One method,ordinarily used by units, is to put one ampule(0.5 gin) of calcium hypochlorite in a water sterilizing

28

-, w

ow mZwb

() a imCZ ·C~~~~~~ZW o~

hi-

WOY>

~0i Q.

> 0c

_o

oz z --

IL~~~~~~~~~~2

I-~z

IL

I-

.jtQ

itW

X Z

o, 9,~~~~~~~~~2

bag. Another method is to prepare a sterilizing solutionby dissolving one ampule of calcium hypochlorite in acanteen full of water. One canteen cap (6cc) is filledwith this solution and poured into each soldier's canteen.The mixture is shaken thoroughly and allowed to standfor 30 minutes. After 30 minutes water treated inthis manner is fit for drinking.

d. A third method is to use the water purificationtablets issued to individuals. These tablets also arefound in certain types of rations. Ordinarily, two tab-lets per canteen are sufficient for purification. If thesource of water is questionable, or if the water iscloudy or contains a large amount of organic matter,use four to six tablets per canteen. In either case, afterinserting tablets, let 30 minutes pass before drinking thewater. If water purification ampules or tablets are notavailable, boil the water for 1 minute. Boiling may be im-practical for large groups or because of a rarified atmos-phere. It frequently is inadvisable for tactical reasons.

e. The following table shows the average water re-quirements in gallons per day under varying conditions:

Semi-In battle March and Temporary permanent Permanen

bivouac camp camp camp

Men 1/2 to 2 2 to 3 5 to 10 50 to 60 60 to 100

vehiclesMotor I to 214 14 to I to 1 to 30 to 50

For periods less than 3 days, one-half gallon per manper day is the absolute minimum. In desert climates,21/2 gallons per man and 6 gallons per radiator shouldbe provided. Maximum water requirements exceed theaverage figures by 100 percent.

so

CHAPTER 3

CLASS II AND IV SUPPLY

20. GENERAL. a. Class II supplies are unit or in-dividual items for which specific allowances are estab-lished. Tables of organization and equipment, tables ofallowances, modification equipment lists, and other listsor letters prescribe these allowances. Class II suppliesare procured and issued by all services. Typical Class IIitems include clothing, weapons, gas masks, vehicles,radios, tools, instruments, spare parts, and first aidpackets. (See fig. 8.)

b. Class IV supplies consist of supplies and equip-ment (except Air Force supplies) which are issued tounits or individuals in addition to the allowances pre-scribed by the tables of organization and equipment(and by the other tables which fix allowances). ClassIV supplies include items directly related to tacticaloperations. Typical class IV items used by infantryunits are: engineer fortification materials, field wire inexcess of allowances, special cold weather clothing, andspecial equipment for amphibious or airborne opera-tions. Class I, II, III, and V items may be subject toclass IV issue.

c. Some articles of each supply class, with con-trolled issue, are called regulated items. Regulateditems are scarce or costly, or of a highly technical orhazardous nature. They are periodically listed in ordersfrom higher commanders.

31

OQUARTERMASTER

INDIVIDUALSHOES CLOTHING EQUIPMENT TENTAGE

SIGNAL

RADIOS WIRE TELEPHONES SWITCHBOARDS

ENGINEER a \ X

BARBED WIREAND PICKETS TOOLS ASSAULT BOATS

ORDNANCE

VEHICLES TANKS SMALL ARMS VEHICLEPARTS

MEDICAL

FIRST AID PACKET UTTERS PLASMA BANDAGES

CHEMICAL J 3GAS MASKS CHLORIDE OF LIME

Figure 8. Typical class II and IV items.

32

d. Within the division there is no difference in sup-ply procedure for class II or class IV supply. However,class IV supply is restricted to those items approved byhigher commanders.

21. REQUISITIONS. a. Regimental units startcombat with the arms and equipment prescribed bytables of organization and equipment and other tables.When weapons or other items of individual or unitequipment are destroyed, lost, or worn out, companiesask the battalion supply officer for replacement. Basedon requests from subordinate units, the regimentalsupply officer prepares and submits consolidated requi-sitions to the division supply agency. Certificates of lossor destruction are consolidated and forwarded to divi-sion. Damaged items are repaired and returned to unitsor evacuated. Items beyond repair are covered by re-placement requisitions. Requisitions are usually sub-mitted on a periodic (weekly) basis. In emergencies,requisitions and issues are made at any time the needjustifies such action.

b. Division agencies consolidate requisitions and for-ward them to army supply agencies. Requisitions forsize items may be forwarded to army without consoli-dation and show the sizes of clothing, shoes, etc.

c. To facilitate control of regulated items, they arerequisitioned through command channels separatelyfrom other items. Approval for issue is based on creditsissued by the army to the units.

22. PROCUREMENT. a. Class II and IV suppliesare stocked in army depots or supply points, which areoperated by army service troops. Motor vehicles, tanks,

33

or similar items of equipment are stocked in armyvehicle pools. Items of clothing which are replaced fre-quently, such as socks and shoes, are stocked in limitedamounts at forward army supply points. The forwardsupply points issue to units by direct exchange of ser-viceable items for those which are unserviceable--or onan informal certificate of loss in combat.

b. Division supply agencies usually draw their sup-plies in bulk from installations in the army area. Thedivision agencies transport these supplies to divisionareas where they are broken down for distribution tounits. Sometimes regiments are authorized to draw sup-plies direct from army supply points. In either methodof distribution, the regiments are notified when andwhere to pick up their supplies. Occasionally unit dis-tribution is made by division to the regiments.

23. ISSUE. a. Regimental supplies are picked up bythe service company and delivered to the regimentaltrain bivouac area. Based upon previous unit requests,the receiving and distributing group of service companydivides the supplies into unit lots.

b. Clothing, and individual and organizational equip-ment are issued to units while they are in reserve posi-tions or in bivouac. Emergency clothing issues may bemade while units are in combat positions. Items re-quired during combat, such as radios, arms, field wire,or weapons, are issued immediately by unit supply offi-cers. Heavy items are obtained through division agen-cies and issued to units under the supervision of theregimental S-4.

34

24. ENGINEER SUPPLY ITEMS. a. Engineerentrenching equipment is carried by the pioneer andammunition platoon of each battalion headquarters com-pany. This equipment is made available to companiesin accordance with the battalion tactical plan. Suppliesneeded by regiments for establishing and improvingfield fortifications are placed at army or division en-gineer supply points. This is usually done without thesupplies being requisitioned.

b. The regimental S-4 obtains these materials anddistributes them to units. Battalions and companiesare notified when and where engineer materials will beavailable, and the means of delivery. The service com-pany commander is charged with the procurement anddistribution of additional tools and fortification mate-rials. He also recovers the tools after units have finishedusing them.

c. Special engineer items are allocated to units ac-cording to the tactical plan. These items, such as assaultboats or tanks equipped with bulldozer blades, areaccompanied by trained operators. When the equipmentis no longer required for tactical purposes it is returnedto parent units.

25. MEDICAL SUPPLY ITEMS. a. Medical sup-plies are obtained in the same manner as other supplies.Requests are forwarded to the division medical supplyofficer. He consolidates them, procures the suppliesfrom the proper depot, and distributes the supplies tounit supply officers.

b. In combat, formal requests are dispensed with.A medical supply point is established in the vicinity ofthe division clearing station, and supplies are issued

35

informally to units. Medical supplies for the regimentare secured from the division medical supply point.(See par. 167.)

26. SIGNAL SUPPLY ITEMS. Signal supplies areobtained at the division signal supply point followingthe normal requisitional procedure. The division signalofficer establishes a temporary signal supply point with-in the division area, at which a limited amount of signalsupplies are carried. Supplies stocked here include itemswhich cannot be carried by the units and are frequentlyneeded by them. They are issued on informal requests.In an emergency a communication officer can draw sup-plies direct from the division signal supply point orfrom the army signal supply point.

36

CHAPTER 4

CLASS III SUPPLY

27. GENERAL. Class III supplies consist primarilyof gasoline, fuel oils, and lubricants. They are procuredand issued by the Quartermaster Corps. The quantityof class III supplies used in daily operations varies.Their rate of consumption depends upon the distancethe regiment moves, the distance to supply points, andthe quantity of supplies to be hauled.

28. PROCUREMENT. a. Class III supplies are is-sued to the division at army class III supply points.Gasoline and fuel oil are issued to units on an exchangebasis of a full container for an empty one. Oils andgrease are issued in cans. Divisions haul the packagedsupplies to their areas.

b. Each infantry truck carries a reserve of gasolinein 5-gallon drums. In addition, the regimental tankcompany section of the service platoon carries six-hundred 5-gallon drums for tank refueling. Some drumsmay be removed from vehicles and utilized to establisha rotating pool of gasoline drums at regimental or bat-talion class III supply points. A reserve supply of oilsand grease is usually carried on company maintenancetrucks and in the regimental maintenance sections.

29. REQUESTS. a. The usual request for gasoline isan empty gasoline drum, or an empty vehicle fuel tank.Units indicate their fuel requirements to the regimental

37

S-4 who submits a daily status report to the division.This status report includes the fuel on hand and theestimated requirements for the next day. This proce-dure enables supply agencies to keep a backlog of fuelstocks.

b. Gasoline requirements are based on the type andnumber of vehicles to be used, and the distance to betraveled by the unit, the distance to. be traveled in sup-ply and reconnaissance, and the gasoline needed forkitchen ranges or other activities. To simplify these es-timates, the unit supply officer determines the unit mileof his unit. The unit mile is the amount of gasoline ingallons required to move all vehicles of his unit 1 mile.Future needs are figured in terms of unit miles, and thisfigure is converted to gallons and forwarded to the sup-ply agency. Regardless of the estimated requirements,fuel tanks and reserve containers of all vehicles are re-filled when practical.

c. Engine-oil requirements are calculated in gallons-normally at 2 percent of the gasoline needs. Experiencefactors determine the requirements for gear oil andgrease. (See FM 101-10 for experience factors, logisti-cal data, and methods of computation.)

30. REPLENISHMENT. a. Vehicles operatingwithin the regimental area are supplied with gasolineand oil from the regimental class III supply point. Thispoint usually is established in the regimental trainbivouac. Service company vehicles bring filled containersto this supply point from rear area class III installa-tions. (See fig. 9.) Vehicles operating in rear of theregimental area are serviced with gasoline and oil atclass III supply points established by higher coumman-

38

ALL ISSUES ARE MADEBY DIRECT EXCHANGE

OF FULL FOR EMPTY DRUMS

BATTALIONS DRAW111% GAS AS NEEDED

TO FILL TANKS OR5 GALLON DRUMS

IMENTAL - CLASS III

J N TRAIN BIVOUAC

/ \

REGIMENTS

IFROM DIVISIONSUPPLY POINT X

{DIVISION TRAIN-S-_AREA

DIVISIONSDRAW FROM -

ARMY SUPPLY

POINTS g~' / ,'~ I VMEHICLE TANKS ARE

IXX~~~ ~ ) ' , / EFILLED AT ANYI x xxX ./ CLASS 11 SUPPLY POINT

Figure 9. Gasoline and oil supply system.

39

ders. These are at convenient locations along the mainsupply routes.

b. Unit and individual vehicles obtain gasoline andoil at the nearest class III supply point. When available,filled containers are distributed to regimental and bat-talion ammunition supply points to service vehicles com-ing to these points. Filled containers may also be sentforward to units when the meals are delivered.

c. During periods of active operation the supply offuel and lubricants to the regimenal tank company oftenrequires forward regimental class III supply points.These supply points are set up as requested by the tankcompany commander. The tank company section of theregimental service company delivers fuel and lubricantsto the forward supply points.

d. During movement, class III supply points may beestablished along the routes of march. Gasoline is issuedat these supply points by exchanging full containers forempty ones.

e. Regiment notifies the battalion and separate com-pany commanders of the location and time for openingclass III supply points. The method of distributingclass III supplies varies with the situation. Every effortis made to simplify and speed up distribution, which ismade by the service company commander assisted bythe regimental motor officer.

31. CONSERVATION. The necessity for conserv-ing gasoline is impressed on all individuals. Gasoline issaved by controlling the use of transportation and byclose supervision to prevent waste or pilferage. Stocksare dispersed to avoid loss from enemy action.

40

CHAPTER 5

CLASS V SUPPLY

32. GENERAL. a. One of the contributing factorsto success in battle is a plentiful ammunition supply. Themission of all class V agencies is to deliver or makeavailable WHAT ammunition is required, WHERE itcan be used, and WHEN it is needed. Adequate sup-plies of ammunition insure the full utilization of the firepower inherent in infantry weapons, and provideinfantry units with the combat effectiveness to meet anysituation.

b. Class V supplies include ammunition, explosives,and chemical agents. (See fig. 10.) Principal items aresecured and issued by the Ordnance and ChemicalCorps.

c. Units initiate combat with a basic load of ammu-nition. The basic load is the amount of ammunition, ex-pressed in numbers of rounds by type, which can becarried by a unit on its organic transportation. It is afixed amount established by the Department of theArmy. The basic load is changed only by changes intables of organization and equipment, which requirecorresponding changes in the amount of ammunition aunit can transport. However, certain adjustments to thebasic load are authorized for specific combat situations.

d. The supply of ammunition is kept mobile withinthe regimental area. When tactical conditions or the na-ture of the enemy operations make it necessary, a suffi-

41

RIFLE COMPANY

CAL .SO. RFLE CO-MU MORTAR HAND GENADES S.MM RIFLE

HEAVY WE PONS COMPANY

CAL ,So CArINS l*MM MORTAR CAL .MO MM IRIFLE

REGIMENTAL- REG NL IMENTAL BATTALION PIONEERTANK COMPANY MORTAR COMPANY MINE PLATOON ANO AMMUNITION

PLATOON

90.MG CN J /42.1NCH E r0 ; EXPLOSIVES

0S-M HS WISER 402-1CI g NES PIUatCORU

Figure 10. Typical class V items.

42

cient quantity of ammunition is placed on position tomeet anticipated needs. These amounts should be suffi-cient to insure continued fire by the weapons unitl re-plenishment can be effected. As ammunition is expendedthe basic load is replenished. Quantities of ammunitionon hand in excess of basic loads are reported.

33. CONTROL OF AMMUNITION. a. By care-fully estimating their requirements, commanders areable to keep an adequate supply of ammunition placednear weapons, yet do not waste it by leaving piles onthe ground.

b. The regimental commander controls the supply ofammunition within the regiment. When tactical condi-tions dictate; he specifies the quantities of ammunitionto be placed on position for defensive fires or for pre-paratory fires. He keeps informed of the status of am-munition in his units by requiring reports from his unitcommanders. He checks to see that limitations are fol-lowed. The regimental commander reports promptlyto his higher commander any ammunition restrictionwhich he believes will impair his success.

c. Division ammunition requirements are based on arequired supply rate. This rate is the quantity of thevarious types of ammunition which will be needed dailyby the division to supply tactical units without restric-tion. It is expressed in rounds per weapon per day. Am-munition is stocked at the army ammunition supplypoint to meet these anticipated needs. Regiments drawthe amounts required to replenish or supplement theirbasic loads.

d. When it is impossible to meet the required supplyrate of the division, the army commander announces

43

the available supply rate. This available supply rate isthe amount of ammunition, expressed in rounds perweapon per day, which the army commander can makeavailable to the division. Corps and division comman-ders in turn impose restrictions on expenditures bytheir units.

34. TRANSPORTATION. a. Service companyvehicles augmented by battalion and company vehiclescarry the regiment's ammunition. These vehicles con-stitute the regimental ammunition train, which is di-vided into sections. According to the tactical situation,these sections operate under control of the regiment,battalion, or company. When the ammunition sections ofthe battalion and attached companies are under battalioncontrol, they are supervised by the battalion S-4. Whenthe ammunition sections are under regimental control,they are supervised by the regimental munitions officer.

b. The mortar company and'the tank company areemployed under regimental control, or elements are at-tached to forward battalions. The control of their am-munition vehicles varies with the tactical situation.Regimental control offers the greatest flexibility in am-munition supply, but control is often decentralized whenelements of either company are attached to the bat-talions.

c. Commanders of the regimental headquarters com-pany and the service company resupply their units' am-munition in the usual manner. These units generallyuse small amounts of ammunition, and their requests arefilled by the regimental munitions officer from his stocks,or the requests are consolidated with other unit requisi-tions. Basic loads are replaced as they are expended.

44

35. PROCUREMENT. a. Army ammunition supplypoints are established to support the combat divisions.These points maintain stocks of ammunition to meet thetactical requirements.

b. The division ammunition officer establishes a di-vision ammunition office, which acts as a central clear-ing point for ammunition supply. It usually is locatedalong the division main supply route. This office ap-proves ammunition requests, keeping within specifiedlimitations. The approved request then becomes a trans-portation order for the ammunition. The division am-munition office maintains the basic division ammuni-tion records. These include information of the locationof army ammunition supply points and data on the typesor calibers of ammunition available.

c. The regiment secures its ammunition from armysupply points on the basis of transportation orders ap-proved by the division ammunition officer. Figure 11illustrates a typical ammunition procurement system.

36. REPLENISHMENT. a. Regimental units main-tain their ammunition supply by replenishing their basicloads. Each commander is responsible for maintaininghis basic load. As basic loads are depleted the remainingammunition is consolidated, which frees ammunitionvehicles for supply trips. This provides a continuousammunition flow to replace expenditures. The regimentdraws its ammunition from army supply points support-ing the division. All commanders are required to reportthe fact that a supply point is unable to replenish theirbasic loads.

b. Companies of the battalion usually establish am-munition supply points close behind their forward ele-ments. Empty ammunition vehicles are sent to the bat-

45

PIONEER AND.AMMUNITION PLATOON

OPERATES BATTALIONAMMUNITION SUPPLY

POINT.

BATTALION SECTIONSHAUL TO BATTALIONS.

,~|1~ | _ L O A D E D V E H I C L E S

ARE DISPERSED AT

REGIMENTAL ASP.

DAO APPROVES REQUESTS FOR

REPLENISHMENT OF BASIC LOADS.

REGIMENTAL AMMUNITION TRAINREFILLS AT ARMY ASP AND

HAULS TO REGIMENTAL ASP.

Figure 11. Procurement of anmmunition.

46

talion supply point with a request for the amount andtype of ammunition. The company supply sergeantoperates the company ammunition supply point. Underthe supervision of platoon leaders, ammunition is de-livered from here to individuals or weapons.

c. Rifle company supply points are located as far'for-ward as permitted by enemy observation, defilade, ve-hicle routes, and concealment for vehicles. Heavy wea-pons company supply points function primarily ascontrol points. They are located centrally and usuallynear the battalion ammunition supply point.

d. The mortar company and tank company use alarge tonnage of ammunition, and their units are fre-quently on the move. For these reasons they may beauthorized to draw directly from army supply points-through the division ammunition office. Otherwise theyfollow a procedure similar to that described for therifle and heavy weapons units. The regimental S-4 de-termines the supply method and issues the instructionsnecessary to put the plan into effect.

e. A battalion ammunition supply point establishedbehind a front-line battalion, operates under the super-vision of the battalion S-4. He uses the battalion pioneerand ammunition platoon or other personnel to operatethis installation. Ammunition vehicles under battalioncontrol are dispersed at these points. They are held untildispatched to forward units, or until their loads aretransferred to lighter vehicles. As ammunition vehiclesare emptied they are sent to the regimental ammunitionsupply points for refill with a request for the amountsand types of ammunition needed.

f. The regimental ammunition supply point controlsammunition supply operations in the regiment. The

47

regimental munitions group of service companyoperate this point. This group is headed by the regi-mental munitions officer, who works under the super-vision of the regimental S-4. Ammunition train ve-.hides awaiting dispatch to units are dispersed in theregimental ammunition supply' point area. Ammunitionis unloaded here only when the tactical situation de-mands such action.

g. When requests for ammunition are received fromforward units, the munitions officer either sends am-munition from stocks under his control or dispatchesvehicles to obtain the required ammunition. Labor fortransferring loads at the regimental ammunition supplypoint is furnished by personnel from battalion pioneerand ammunition platoons, or other units.

h. Empty vehicles are dispatched from the regimentalammunition supply point for refill at army ammunitionsupply points. The munitions officer, or his representa-tive, accompanies the vehicles. He carries a request,preferably on ordnance forms, for the amounts andtypes of ammunition. The request is carried to the di-vision ammunition office for approval. The approvedform is then given to personnel operating the army am-munition supply point as a final authorization to drawthe ammunition. Labor for loading ammunition at armysupply points is furnished from army personnel.Loaded ammunition trucks return from the army am-munition supply point direct to the regimental ammuni-tion supply point. From here they are dispatched toforward units,

48

CHAPTER 6

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE

37. GENERAL. The units commander is respon-sible for the maintenance of his motor vehicles, motorvehicle equipment, and tools. He may delegate main-tenance functions to his motor officer and other per-sonnel, but he makes frequent personal inspections. Theregiment performs organizational maintenance only.(For categories of motor vehicle maintenance, see fig.12.) Preventive maintenance services are scheduled atdefinite calendar intervals. This prevents a large numberof vehicles from being tied up at one time. Scheduledmaintenance services require that approximately one-twentieth of the vehicles in the regiment be serviceddaily. Company mechanics or service company main-tenance sections do the servicing.

38. INSPECTIONS. Commanders make regularand frequent inspections of their vehicles and of theiroperational and maintenance activities. In addition tothe regular inspections and supervision of vehicle main-tenance and operation; commanders see that spot checkinspections of vehicles are made at irregular intervals.New officers are oriented on the importance of propervehicle maintenance, operation, and inspection.

39. ORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE. a. Or-ganizational maintenance is performed by organizations

49

BASE MAINTENANCE(ORDNANCE SHOPS IN

FIELD MAINTENANCE a(DIVSION AND ARMY

ORGANIZATIONALOMAINTENANNE

OORGANIZATIONAL MAINTENANCE(COMPANY LEVEL)

ORGANIZ TIONALMAINTNANCE

Figure 12. The maintenance system.

50

or activities on their equipment-using organic per-sonnel and tools. Within the regiment, organizationalmaintenance is performed on three levels. These aredriver maintenance, company maintenance, and regi-mental maintenance. Various operations and servicesare charged to each of these maintenance levels. (Seeappropriate technical manuals and Army and SpecialRegulations.)

b. Driver (or crew) maintenance is performed by thedrivers of trucks and the crews of crew-served vehicles.They use available vehicle tools for this work. Drivermaintenance duties include: correct loading and driv-ing; servicing with fuel, lubricants, coolants, and air;inspecting; cleaning; tightening; and the care of toolsand accessories. The driver does not lubricate any partof the vehicle where over-lubrication would result indamage. Also, the driver does not tighten any part ofthe vehicle that involves an adjustment which shouldbe made by a mechanic.

c. Each company commander is responsible for thedirection and supervision of driver maintenance duties.He sees that his drivers do not perform maintenanceother than driver maintenance-except in emergencies.Driver preventive-maintenance services are: before-op-eration service, during-operation service, at-halt service,after-operation service, and a weekly service as shownon the trip ticket. Defects beyond the scope of drivermaintenance are noted on the trip ticket and reported.

d. Company maintenance is performed on unit ve-hicles by company mechanics. In the infantry battalion,company maintenance activities are supervised by thebattalion motor transport officer. Since rifle companieshave few vehicles and no mechanics, their company

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maintenance is performed by mechanics of the bat-talion headquarters company. Company mechanics re-inforce driver maintenance by making adjustments,repairs, and minor unit replacement. They perform thescheduled monthly preventive maintenance services onwheeled and tracked vehicles. The drivers or crews ac-company their vehicles and act as mechanic's helpersduring maintenance services.

e. Regimental maintenance is performed by the main-tenance sections of the service platoon, service company.The truck-maintenance section performs the semian-nual preventive maintenance services on wheeled ve-hicles. The tank-maintenance section performs thequarterly preventive maintenance services on trackedvehicles. Maintenance sections also perform limited re-pair and some unit replacement. They support the com-pany mechanics with technical advice, and they supplyparts and perform overflow repair work. Drivers orcrew accompany their vehicles and act as mechanic'shelpers.

40. FIELD MAINTENANCE. Field maintenanceis performed by mobile and semimobile organizations.The items they repair are returned to organizations,stations stocks, or replacement pools. The division ord-nance maintenance company provides maintenance sup-port to infantry regiments and to other division units.Field maintenance functions include-

a. Supply of units and spare parts.b. Unit replacements and repairs beyond the scope of

organizational maintenance.c. Evacuation of vehicles and units to other service

shops.

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d. Technical advice to units performing organiza-tional maintenance.

41. BASE MAINTENANCE. Base maintenance isperformed in fixed installations. It consists of repairingand rebuilding equipment for return to depot stock.Base maintenance units perform work beyond the ca-pacity of field maintenance organizations.

42. MAINTENANCE FORMS. Certain mainte-nance forms, records, and reports are prescribed in tech-nical manuals and other publications on equipment.These forms and reports are designed to control andstandardize maintenance, and commanders are respon-sible for their execution. However, forms, records, andreports are not to be used as a substitute for practicalwork, physical check, and active supervision.

43. MAINTENANCE DURING MOVEMENT. a.During motor marches maintenance personnel areplaced where they can best service their vehicles. Thecompany maintenance truck is at the rear of the com-pany transport, the regimental tank-maintenance sec-tion follows the route of the tanks, and the regimentaltruck-maintenance section is at the end of the regimen-tal column. To keep vehicles moving often requires hastytemporary repairs-sufficient only to complete thetrip. A mechanic with tools and spare parts may be leftwith a disabled vehicle. However, maintenance person-nel should not become separated from their organiza-tion. If mechanics become widely dispersed, control andsupervision is lost; and the remaining vehicles cannotbe properly serviced when they arrive in bivouac.

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b. A vehicle should be thoroughly repaired uponreaching the destination or bivouac. While in bivouacand during halts, all organizational mechanics, driversand crews inspect, repair, and service their vehicles.

44. MAINTENANCE DURING COMBAT. a. Ve-hicles are put in the best possible condition before com-bat operations. Drivers or crews receive training inemergency repairs and field expedients. This includesscheduled preventive maintenance services carried onunder combat conditions.

b. Conditions of climate and terrain may require thatsome maintenance activities be increased. In desert op-erations, air cleaners require additional attention; inextreme cold climates, special equipment and proceduresare employed; in amphibious operations or when ve-hicles are driven through water, axle assemblies requirefrequent inspections and servicing.

c. Driver and crew maintenance services are particu-larly important during combat. Thorough and completedriver maintenance reduces the repair work required ofcompany and regimental mechanics.

d. The company mechanics carry on maintenance ac-tivities in the forward area where vehicles are readilyavailable for servicing.

e. The truck and tank maintenance sections operatein the train bivouac area. They also send forward main-tenance teams to evacuate or repair disabled vehicles.Those repairs which are beyond their capabilities arereported to the supporting division maintenanceagencies.

45. DISABLED VEHICLES DURING MOTORMARCHES. a. Roads must be kept clear for traffic.

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At the first indication of vehicle failure, the driverstops his vehicle off the road and attempts to correcthis trouble. If the driver cannot make repairs, he re-mains with his vehicle and waits for a maintenancetruck. If a roadside repair by the mechanics is impos-sible or would take too much time, the vehicle is eithertowed, left under guard, or abandoned.

b. Vehicles are towed when it is more practical tomake the repair in bivouac or other areas than at road-side. A driver or other guard is left with a disabled-vehicle to await maintenance or salvage personnel.. Heis given specific orders concerning the protection or re-moval of the load and vehicle equipment. Essential com-bat equipment, including towed loads, is transferred toother vehicles.

c. The decision to abandon a vehicle is made only byan officer or warrant officer. Vehicles abandoned duringretrograde movements are destroyed. The location ofdestroyed, abandoned, or guarded vehicles is reported.

d. In motor marches some vehicles near the rear ofeach organization are designated as spare and towingvehicles. This keeps the essential cargo of disabled ve-hicles moving. Towing vehicles are equipped with towbars, ropes, and chains. The trail officer decides whetherto repair, tow, or abandon a disabled vehicle.

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CHAPTER 7

REPAIR AND OTHER ACTIVITIES

46. REPAIR. a. Repair and maintenance activitiesare emphasized for critical supply status items. Repairsare performed as far forward as possible. How far for-ward depends upon the tactical situation, and time avail-able, the capabilities of personnel, and the availabilityof parts and tools.

b. Small arms or automatic weapons, when possible,are repaired by the individual users. Items requiringmore extensive repairs are evacuated through unit sup-ply agencies.

c. Lightweight equipment requiring repair or replace-ment is sent to the train bivouac on kitchen trucks orother transport. Minor repairs are made by armorers.Other more damaged items are sent to the appropriatedivision supply service for repair or replacement. Thesupply section of the service company handles thisprocessing.

d. Damaged heavy or bulky equipment is reportedthrough maintenance or supply channels-the reportingperson giving the extent of damage. Repairs are madeon the spot by service personnel, or else the equipmentis evacuated by special vehicles and crews to appro-priate maintenance agencies. Evacuated equipment isreplaced by the appropriate supply service.

47. BATTLEFIELD SALVAGE AND EVACUA-TION. a. Unit commanders are responsible for sal-

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vage discipline. This includes gathering and movingsalvage to collecting points which are located along sup-ply routes. Troops collect damaged, discarded, aban-doned, or captured property and equipment. Items inexcess of unit needs are turned in to supply agencies.The collection of salvage makes substantial quantitiesof arms, equipment, and supplies available for reissue,and this reduces loads on the supply and transportationfacilities.

b. Supply agencies sort the salvage and classify it asserviceable, unserviceable but repairable, or unservice-able beyond repair. Serviceable or repairable material isput into supply channels and converted to useful pur-poses.

48. VEHICLE RECOVERY. a. The commanderis responsible for the recovery of his vehicle. Whenvehicles are abandoned, recovery becomes'the responsi-bility of the commander in whose area that vehicle isfound. Disabled or abandoned vehicles, both friendlyand enemy, are promptly recovered to prevent dis-mantling by other units, destruction by enemy action,or recovery by the enemy. Recovered vehicles are in-spected, repaired, and placed in operation. Those re-quiring extensive repairs or salvage are either towedto the next higher maintenance agency or collectingpoint, or reported. The report includes the location,number, type, and condition of vehicles.

b. Vehicle recovery equipment for the regiment in-cludes a wrecker in the truck maintenance section, anda special tank recovery vehicle in the tank company.Additional equipment carried on vehicles includeswinches and snatch blocks, towing ropes or chains, andtraction device,.

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49. FOOD SERVICE SUPERVISION. The regi-mental food service supervisor keeps the regimentalcommander informed of food service activities. Thepurpose of food service supervision is to make the bestuse of food. The food service supervisor sees that foodis prepared and delivered without waste. He insurescompliance with food service directives, he holds peri-odic conferences with unit personnel and assists themin these objectives. Commanders appoint unit messofficers to assist them in this function.

50. EVACUATION OF THE DEAD ANDGRAVES REGISTRATION. a. The regimentalgraves registration section prepares its plans and in-structions in compliance with orders from higher com-manders. This section supervises collection of the deadwithin the regimental area. It evacuates the bodies andpersonal effects to division or Army graves registra-tion agencies.

b. Each unit commander is responsible that his deadare evacuated from his unit area. Positive identificationand accurate reports are a necessity for Department ofthe Army processing. Allied and enemy dead arehandled by the same procedures used for our own dead.Prompt evacuation is important to morale.

c. Dead are evacuated by a systematic procedure.Company commanders have the dead from their unitsevacuated to accessible locations within their own area.These locations are marked plainly, and the dead arecovered with blankets, raincoats, or shelter halves.Transport enroute to battalion or regimental installa-tions may be employed to pick up the dead and evacuatethem to the regimental collecting point. The location of

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dead which cannot be evacuated in this manner is re-ported by the company commander to the battalion com-mander.

d. The battalion commander insures that all dead ofhis battalion are evacuated. Dead delivered to the bat-talion collecting point are promptly evacuated to theregimental collecting point. They are evacuated eitheron empty transport going to the rear for resupply pur-poses or by the regimental graves section who pick themup from the battalion collecting point. The location ofany dead which the battalion is unable to evacuate isreported to regiment.

e. When dead are numerous or their evacuation isdifficult, each commander assists his subordinate com-manders by making personnel available to them to as-sist in the evacuation procedure.

f. Positive identification is made from identificationtags, marking of clothing on the body, fingerprinting,dentures, or dental peculiarities, and reports from unitpersonnel. Graves registration personnel keep accuraterecords including name, serial number, grade, organiza-tion, place, cause and date of death, and location ofburial. Graves registration personnel work in close co-operation with personnel officers.

g. Isolated burials are avoided. If an isolated burialis necessary, a report is forwarded promptly to thenearest graves registration officer. This report showsthe exact location of the grave and the identity of thebody. Identification tags are handled carefully-one tagremains on the body and the other one is placed on amarker at the head of the grave.

h. Personal effects found on the body are collectedby graves registration personnel. Personal effects left

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in unit areas are collected as directed by the unit com-mander. Government property is removed; other effectsare censored, inventoried, and placed in a suitable con-tainer for shipment. Money is converted into a checkpayable to the Effects Quartermaster.

51. CAPTURED MATERIAL. a. Regimentalcommanders control the distribution and use of cap-tured supplies. They conserve and prevent the waste orwanton destruction of captured material. Subject to thelimitations of maintenance facilities and class III sup-plies, enemy vehicles are used to supplement organictransportation.

b. Enemy weapons are used only in emergencies.When enemy weapons are used, friendly troops arenotified. This prevents the characteristic sound of theweapons from attracting our own fire. Weapons orequipment that appear to be of new or unusual design,are evacuated through intelligence channels. Based onexperiences, and intelligence reports, directives areissued concerning precautions against booby traps. Touse enemy equipment effectively troops must be trainedin its care and maintenance.

52. DESTRUCTION OF VEHICLES ANDEQUIPMENT. a. When necessary, material is de-stroyed to deny its use to the enemy. The decision todestroy equipment is made only on authority delegatedby the division or corps commander. When ordered,destruction is accomplished as systematically as anyother military operation. There is complete disregardfor future salvage by our own forces. Plans for de-struction are prepared in the event of imminent cap-

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ture. Expensive, secret, or difficult to replace Items,such as fire control or communication equipment, areevacuated when possible.

b. Vehicles are destroyed to prevent the enemy fromusing them. Advantage is taken of any terrain featurethat lends itself to vehicle destruction. Vehicles may becrashed into trees, walls, banks, other vehicles, or runoff cliffs. More complete destruction results from de-molishing the parts or setting fire to the wreckage.

c. To burn a vehicle, first remove the fire extinguisher.Place the vehicle tarpaulin, brush, or other combus-tible material under and around the vehicle. Puncturethe fuel tank and engine oil pan, and ignite the fuel.Tires and ordnance material can be destroyed by in-cendiary grenades. They also can be deflated and dam-aged with a pick, or machine gun fire-then dousedwith gasoline and ignited. Tanks and their armamentare destroyed by demolitions, or gunfire.

d. Other equipment can be destroyed in a similarmanner. (For detailed description of methods, see appro-priate field and technical manuals.) The same essen-tial part is destroyed on all units. This prevents theenemy from assembling one complete item from severaldamaged ones. Firing pin points are broken by insertingthe point into the hole in the face of the bolt and bend-ing. Barrels are bent around trees and rocks. Machineguns are field stripped and the barrel is used as a sledgeto destroy the cover, lock frame, barrel extension, andother parts. Mortar and gun tubes are destroyed by in-cendiary grenades. Ammunition can be destroyed byburning or by detonating with explosives.

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CHAPTER 8

PLANS, ORDERS, AND REPORTS

53. GENERAL. The regimental S-4 supervises prep-aration of combat support plans which provide forsupply, evacuation, transportation, maintenance, andrelated services. These plans are based on divisionorders, the regiment's tactical plan, the dispositions ofunits, enemy activities, and the terrain. Administrativeplans are coordinated with other regimental staff officers.When S-4's plans are approved by the regimental com-mander, they are prepared into orders. After the ordersare issued, the regimental S-4 supervises their execu-tion.

54. SUPPLY PLANS. a. Supply plans are preparedby the regimental S-4. Supply plans include-

(1) Consideration of all classes of supply.(2) Location of supply installations.(3) Time schedules for pick up and delivery.(4) Breakdown and issue of each class of supply.(5) Instructions on excess, salvage, or captured

material.(6) Conservation measures.(7) Any special supply matters.

b. Class supply plans include-(1) Time and place they are to be received or

drawn by regiment.(2) Location of ration breakdown point.

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(3) Schedule of issue to units.(4) Location of kitchens under regimental control.(5) Location of release point.(6) Release of kitchens to lower units.(7) Location of water points.(8) Method of procurement and distribution.

c. Class II supply plans include-(1) Requisitioning procedures.(2) Time and place that the regiment will receive

or draw supplies.(3) Schedule and place of issue to units.

d. Class III supply plans include-(1) Location of supply points.(2) Time and place regiment will receive or draw

supplies.(3) Time, place, and method of distribution to

units.(4) Procedures for establishing a pool of 5-gallon

drums.(5) Conservation measures.

e. Class IV supply plans include-(1) Location of engineer and other supply points.(2) Time, place, and method of distribution of

fortification materials or additional tools.(3) Time and place that items such as assault

boats or flame throwers will be received byunits-including plans for their return toparent units.

(4) Allotment of supplies for special operations tosubordinate units-including the time axidplace of issue.

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f. Class V supply plans include-(1) Location and time of opening of ammunition

supply points.(2) Time and place of release of ammunition

sections to units, and time and place theyrevert to regimental control.

(3) Measures for the control of ammunition ex-penditures.

(4) Probable future location of ammunition sup-ply points (route of ammunition advance inoffensive operations).

(5) Quantities of ammunition to be placed atweapon positions or issued to individuals(see par. 32).

g. Plans for salvage or excess include-(1) Location of collecting points.(2) The methods of collection and disposition.

h. Plans for captured materials include-(1) Location of collecting points.(2) Means and methods of collection.(3) Reports to be made of certain items.(4) Disposition instructions for different types of

items.

i. Plans for special supply items (such as post ex-change items) are similar to the plans for other items.These supplies are handled by special methods of dis-tribution.

55. MEDICAL PLANS. The regimental surgeon,under the general supervision of the S-4, preparesplans for evacuation of the sick and wounded from thebattalion area. Medical plans include-

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a. Attachment of battalion medical platoons to infan-try battalions.

b. Location of the regimental collecting station.c. Location of the medical company headquarters.d. Employment of litter-bearer and ambulance sec-

tions.e. Medical service for separate companies and at-

tached units.f. Communication between medical installations.g. Procedures for replenishing medical supplies.

56. TRANSPORTATION PLANS. a. The regi-mental motor transport officer prepares plans for usingthe regimental transportation to move supplies. Theseplans, which are prepared for the service company com-mander include-

(1) Selection of supply routes.(2) Traffic priorities prescribed by division and

within the regimental area.(3) .Restrictions on movement or the use of lights.

(4) Traffic control measures.

(5) Time and place for release of trains to regi-mental control (if under the control of higherunits).

(6) Time and place for release of sections of theregimental trains (or of company transport un-der regimental control) to subordinate units.

b. Supply movements are coordinated with troopmovements through close cooperation between the regi-mental S-4 and the S-3.

57. SERVICE PLANS. The service company com-mander prepares the regimental service plan under the

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supervision of the regimental S-4. The service plan in-cludes-

a. Location of the regimental train bivouac.b. Bivouac locations for company transport which

is under regimental control.c. Location of the regimental maintenance sections.d. Location and schedules for bath units and cloth-

ing exchange of other units (attached).e. Recovery of vehicles.f. Collecting points for salvage, excess, or captured

materials.g. Collecting points for the dead.h. Communication within the train bivouac area.i. Defense of the service bivouac areas.

58. MISCELLANEOUS PLANS. The regimentalsupply officer prepares plans for-

a. Communication between supply installations.b. Movement of the train bivouac.c. Security and conservation of supplies.d. Coordination of the defense plans for supply in.

stallations.e. Security of supply routes.f. Maintaining records and submitting reports.g. Control of baggage trains.h. Coordinating the delivery and pick-up of indi-

vidual rolls.

59. ORDERS. a. Items of the approved S-4 plan areincluded in paragraph 4, regimental operation orders.Items frequently included under paragraph 4 are-

(1) Location of the regimental ammunition sup-ply point.

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(2) Location of the division ammunition office.(3) Ammunition to be placed on positions.(4) Location of the regimental collecting station.(5) Distribution of special items such as fortifi-

cation materials or assault boats.(6) Traffic restrictions.(7) Location of the regimental train bivouac.(8) Location of the company transport bivouacs

(if under regimental control).b. The regimental S-4 issues administrative orders

to agencies concerned with supply and administrativeoperations. These orders are usually fragmentary andthey include missions, schedules, locations, and otherdetails necessary to execute plans.

c. Standing operating procedure facilitates supplyand other administrative operations. They provide aprearranged system for handling routine matters. Suit-able items for standing operating procedure include-

(1) Requesting or requisitioning supplies.(2) Elements to pick up supplies at supply points.(3) Normal locations of supply points (for ex-

ample, ration breakdown or class III supplypoint normally in regimental train bivouac).

(4) Methods of distributing supplies.(5) Collection of salvage and captured material.(6) Collection of dead, and graves registration

procedures.(7) Normal attachments of battalion medical pla-

toons.(8) Measures for the control of traffic or move-

ment.(9) Missions to be accomplished by elements of

service or medical company.

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(10) Security measures.(11) Service company communication system to

be established.(12) Records to be maintained and reports to be

submitted.

60. REPORTS AND RECORDS. a. The regimen-tal S-4 prepares memoranda of supply operations, fieldmessages, and the S-4 portions of the unit journal.These records are used in preparing unit after-actionreports. Other reports cover the status of supplies onhand, existing supply defiiciencies, and the status oftransportation and maintenance. The number and va-riety of reports required from lower units is kept to aminimum.

b. Regimental supply and administrative personnelkeep only those records necessary for efficient opera-tions. These include: jacket files of all papers pertain-ing to supply for each unit, maintenance records, allo-cation of certain regulated items-such as watches andbinoculars, and day to day records necessary for thepreparation of reports. The S-4 usually keeps a worksheet, on which he records items affecting supply, orother administrative matters,

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PART TWO

SERVICE COMPANY, INFANTRYREGIMENT

CHAPTER 9

ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OFSERVICE COMPANY PERSONNEL

Section I. INTRODUCTION

61. COMPOSITION. The service company of theinfantry regiment consists of a company headquarters,a regimental administration platoon, and a regimentalservice platoon. (See fig. 13.) For details of organiza-tion, equipment, armament, and transport, see currenttables of organization and equipment.

62. COMPANY HEADQUARTERS. Companyheadquarters consists of the regimental S-4; the com-pany commander; an assistant supply officer; a firstsergeant; a mess steward, cooks, and food service ap-prentices; a supply sergeant, armorers, and a utilityrepairman;'a communication noncommissioned officer;a company administrative clerk; truck drivers; a bugler;a messenger; radio and telephone switchboard operators;orderlies; and filler personnel.

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. X1

[~~wO

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63. DUTIES OF COMPANY HEADQUARTERSPERSONNEL. a. (1) The service company comman-

der commands his company. By his characterand skill, he gives positive leadership to his com-mand and maintains its discipline, welfare, andcontentment. He actively supervises the train-ing of all elements of his company and insuresproper administration and the procurementand maintenance of equipment. To assist himin carrying out these responsibilities he makesfull use of the company's chain of command.In assigning duties to his leaders, he considerstheir individual capabilities and personalities.In his leaders he develops a high degree of in--itiative and personal responsibility-buildinghis company into a well coordinated team.

(2) He continually estimates the situation, havingin mind all practicable courses of action. Bydirective, or by recommendation to his com-mander, he initiates action on any matter per-taining to his company, and follows this actionthrough by vigorous execution of the mostsimple effective course, until his mission isaccomplished.

(3) To accomplish his mission, he uses all meansat his command and requests additional meanswhenever they can be well used in his areaof responsibility. Without awaiting orders hecoordinates with any other unit or agency.

(4) In the battle area he uses observation; patrols,liaison, and personal reconnaissance to main-tain security and prepare for future opera-tions. He assigns definite missions to his

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leaders, and keeps informed of.their actionsin order to give assistance when needed andto insure the success of his plan. He goeswhere he can best control the action of hiscompany as a whole, yet at critical times heis personally present where he can best in-fluence the action.

(5) He alone is responsible to his commander forall that his company does or fails to do.

(6) He establishes, operates, defends, and con-trols the regimental train bivouac. Duringmarches he controls the regimental motorcolumn. This consists primarily of regi-mental trains (less detachments) togetherwith any company transport under regimentalcontrol.

(7) He assists the regimental S-4 and is chargedwith the receipt, breakdown, and distributionof all supplies for the regiment-exceptingclass V and medical supplies.

b. The warrant officer, supply, performs duties as-signed by the regimental S-4. These duties includesupervision of the regimental supply office and liaisonwith supporting 'supply agencies.

c. The first sergeant, under the supervision of thecompany commander, is in charge of enlisted personnel.He assists the company commander in the administra-tion of the company and in the control of its elements.

d. The mess steward operates the company mess. Heis assisted by the cooks and food service apprentices.He is responsible to the company commander for theirtraining.

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e. The supply sergeant is responsible to his com-mander for obtaining, storing, issuing, and deliveringsupplies to his company. He supervises the armorersand the utility repairman. He assists in laying out andcamouflaging company installations in the regimentaltrain bivouac.

f. The communication noncommissioned officer con-trols company communication and assists the companycommander by supervising the radio and switchboardoperators, the bugler, and the messenger.

g. The company administrative clerk assists the firstsergeant.

h. The truck drivers are assigned to company head-quarters. They drive and take care of their companyvehicles.

i. The bugler and messenger perform assigned dutiesand are trained as observers, truck drivers, and oper-ators of communication equipment.

j. Radio and switchboard operators perform as-signed duties.

k. One orderly is assigned to the regimental S-4,and the other one is assigned to the company com-mander. Both are trained as messengers.

1. Filler personnel are trained as replacements. Theyare used to fill vacancies or to assist elements requiringmore labor.

Section II. REGIMENTAL ADMINISTRATIONPLATOON

64. COMPOSITION. The regimental administra-tion platoon consists of a personnel section, a gravesregistration section, and a supply section. (See fig. 13.)

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65. PERSONNEL SECTION. a. The personnelsection consists of the regimental personnel warrantofficer, the regimental personnel sergeant, anddesignated specialists. It handles administrative func-tions within the regiment connected with personnelmanagement. The section works under supervision ofthe personnel officer. Personnel section functions in-clude-

(1) Distribution of mail.(2) Personnel classification, reclassification, as-

signment, reassignment, transfer, promotion,separation, and retirement.

(3) Preparation of battle casualty records andreports (other than daily casualty reports).

(4) Preparation of pay rolls, allotments, and otheradministrative requirements necessary to paypersonnel.

(5) Maintenance of company and regimentalrecords, reports, rosters, returns, files, andcorrespondence.

b. The chaplain's assistants are included in thepersonnel section. Their work is directed by the chap-lain.

66. GRAVES REGISTRATION SECTION. Thegraves registration section consists of the regimentalgraves registration officer, graves registration assistants,and a truck driver. The section supervises collectionand evacuation of the dead. It maintains records, sub-mits reports, and handles personal effects.

67. SUPPLY SECTION. The supply section con-sists of personnel who operate the regimental supply

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service. The supply section works in conjunction withthe service platoon, and is organized into a supplyoffice group, a receiving and distributing group, amunitions group, and a food service group.

a. The supply office group keeps regimental supplyrecords, consolidates and prepares requisitions, records,and receipts, and compiles reports. During marches itusually goes with the service platoon command group.The supply office group operates in the regimental trainbivouac-except for such personnel as the regimentalS-4 may require at the command post. The commandpost group usually has a group leader, headquartersclerks, a stock record clerk, and a messenger.

b. The receiving and distributing group operatesunder supervision of the service company commander.This group usually has a group leader, record clerks,and a truck driver. During marches it goes with thecommand group of the service platoon. The receivingand distributing group operates the regimental supplypoints for items which are processed through theregimental train bivouac area. It procures bulk suppliesand issues them to the regimental units. These do notinclude class V items or medical supplies other thanclass II medical items. Additional labor for handlingsupplies is furnished by daily work details and fromavailable personnel in the train bivouac.

c. The munitions group consists of two munitionswarrant officers, ammunition sergeant, and a truckdriver. They carry out the regimental ammunitionsupply plan.

d. The food service group consists of a warrantofficer, a food service technician, and a clerk. The war-rant officer works under the supervision of the regi-

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mental S-4. This group advises mess stewards con-cerning improved methods of preparing food. They alsocheck the receipt, breakdown, and distribution ofrations.

Section III. REGIMENTAL SERVICEPLATOON

68. GENERAL. The service platoon consists of aplatoon headquarters, a tank maintenance section, atruck maintenance section, a headquarters companysection, a tank company section, a heavy mortar com-pany section, and three battalion sections.

69. PLATOON HEADQUARTERS. a. The regi-mental motor transport officer is responsible to theservice company commander for vehicle inspection, theadministration and training of the service platoon, andfor the condition of vehicles. He assists the servicecompany commander in the establishment, defense, andoperation of the regimental train bivouac. He assists inthe operation of transportation under regimental con-trol. (However, elements of the ammunition train mayperform supply missions under control of the muni-tions officer.) The regimental motor transport officer,as a special staff officer, advises the regimental com-mander concerning transportation.

b. The lieutenant, motor, assistant platoon leader,assists the motor transport officer and acts as executiveofficer of service company.

c. The motor sergeant is the principal enlisted assist-ant of the regimental motor transport officer.

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d. The ammunition sergeant accompanies elements ofthe ammunition train that are under regimental control.He assists the motor transport officer or the. munitionsofficer.

e. The truckmaster assists in controlling the move-ment and operation of the regimental trains. He ac-companies elements of the kitchen and baggage trainwhile they are under regimental control.

f. The drivers operate and maintain service platoonheadquarters vehicles.

70. TANK MAINTENANCE SECTION. Thetank maintenance section consists of a section leader,an artillery mechanic, tank mechanics, a welder, andtwo truck drivers. The section leader supervises andcoordinates the section maintenance activities. Mechan-ics perform regimental maintenance on tanks. (Seech. 6.) Drivers operate two of the organic vehicles ofthe section. The 34-ton truck is driven by one of themechanics.

71. TRUCK MAINTENANCE SECTION. This sec-tion consists of a warrant officer who is section leader,a chief mechanic, an auto parts clerk, a record clerk,auto mechanics, a welder, and truck drivers. The war-rant officer is the regimental motor maintenance officerand coordinates maintenance activities within the regi-ment. The chief mechanic acts as shop foreman and isthe principal assistant to the maintenance officer. Theauto parts clerk has a small stock of spare parts andkeeps the records on vehicle parts. The record clerkmaintains prescribed maintenance records. Truck main-tenance section mechanics perform regimental-level

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organizational maintenance of all regimental wheeledvehicles. (See ch. 6.)

72. HEADQUARTERS COMPANY SECTION.The headquarters company section consists of the truckdriver and kitchen vehicle for the regimental head-quarters company.

73. TANK COMPANY SECTION. The tank com-

pany section consists of an ammunition noncommis-sioned officer, ammunition handlers, and truck drivers.It includes vehicles of the service platoon for the tankcompany, gasoline and oil, and ammunition. The am-munition noncommissioned officer controls sectiontransportation. He supplies ammunition for the tankcompany and is assisted by the ammunition handlersand the truck drivers. The gasoline and oil train arethe vehicles required to replenish tank company classIII items; it consists of four trucks.

74. HEAVY MORTAR COMPANY SECTION.The heavy mortar company service platoon section con-sists of the ammunition handlers, truck drivers, andkitchen and ammunition vehicles that serve the mortarcompany. The ammunition handlers and truck driversassist in loading and transporting ammunition. Thekitchen truck and trailer of the heavy mortar com-pany operates in a manner similar to that of the tankcompany. The ammunition train consists of the sectionvehicles used to replenish ammunition.

75. BATTALION SECTIONS. Each battalion sec-tion of the service platoon consists of a truckmaster,

78

truck drivers, and the kitchen and ammunition vehiclesthat serve the battalion. The truckmaster controls themovement of vehicles. When vehicles in his charge areunder battalion control, he is responsible to the battalionsupply officer for their movement; when vehicles areunder regimental control, he is responsible to the regi-mental motor transport officer.

Section IV. REGIMENTAL TRAIN

76. COMPOSITION OF REGIMENTAL TRAIN.The regimental train includes the vehicles and accom-panying personnel that operate primarily to supply,transport, evacuate, and maintain the regiment. Theyinclude an ammunition train, a truck maintenance train,a tank maintenance train, a fuel and lubricant train,a medical train, kitchen and miscellaneous administra-tive and supply vehicles.

a. The ammunition train contains the vehicles andpersonnel used to transport ammunition for all regi-mental units. The train is made up of three battalionsections, the heavy mortar company section, and thetank company section. Ammunition train vehicles arepooled, or they are allotted to units. While underregimental control, they are commanded by the muni-tions warrant officer.

b. The kitchen train consists of the vehicles andpersonnel used to transport rations, water, kitchenequipment, and supplies not carried on other transport.Company mess personnel go with their kitchens, andcertain company supply personnel may also accompanythe company kitchen vehicles. The kitchen train includes

79

vehicles from all companies of the regiment except theregimental medical company. Kitchen vehicles for allcompanies except the tank company and the medicalcompany are organic to the service company. The medi-cal company kitchen prepares hot food for casualtieswhile they are at the collecting station; for this reasonit is not included in the regimental kitchen train. Whenkitchens are under regimental control, the kitchen trainmoves in bivouac under the command of the regimentalmotor transport officer. To simplify control, companygeneral-utility vehicles are included in the kitchen train.Water trailers for the three battalion sections and theservice company are assigned to the service company.Regimental separate company water trailers, exceptthe medical company, may be attached to the serviceplatoon.

c. The truck maintenance train consists of vehiclesand operating personnel from the service platoon truckmaintenance section.

d. The tank maintenance train consists of thevehicles and personnel of the service platoon tankmaintenance section.

e. The fuel and lubricant train consists of the tankcompany section vehicles and operating personnel whosupply class III items to the tank company.

f. The medical train consists of regimental medicalcompany vehicles and personnel.

77: DESIGNATION OF TRAINS. a. The regi-mental train is divided into a combat train and a fieldtrain.

(1) The comblat train comprises ammunition,maintenance, gasoline and lubricant, and

80

medical vehicles that are required for the im-mediate support of combat operations.

(2) The field train consists of kitchen, baggage,and administrative vehicles. It also includesthe balance of fuel, medical, and maintenancevehicles not required to support units, butwhich are needed for support of the regimentas a whole.

b. Company transport are the vehicles organic to thecompany. They are employed primarily for tactical orcontrol purposes.

c. Trains may also be designated by unit and func-tion. For example-

(1) Ammunition train, 1st Infantry.(2) Gasoline and oil train, tank company.(3) Kitchen and baggage train, 1st Battalion.

d. The number of vehicles included in any elementof the regimental trains is seldom fixed. The numberdepends upon how they are used, and the tacticalsituation. The forward portion of the regimental zoneof action is cleared of transportation, service personneland installations not necessary to combat.

81

CHAPTER 10

'COMBAT SUPPORT, SERVICE

Section I. INTRODUCTION

78. MISSION OF COMBAT SUPPORT. Combatsupport includes supply, battlefield salvage, mainte-nance, transportation, administration, and services. Theservice company, assisted by similar elements organicto each unit, provides combat support for the regiment.Service company operates and maintains the bulk of thetransportation used to move supplies or troops. Itspersonnel keep supply, maintenance, and personnelrecords, and prepare the required reports. Medicalservice is discussed in part three, this manual.

79. COMBAT SUPPORT PLAN. a. The S-4 pre-pares the regimental combat support plan. It includesthose plans discussed in chapter 8. The S-4 bases hisplan on the mission, the tactical situation, detailedknowledge of the status of supply, maintenance, andtransportation; available personnel; and administrativeorders. In addition, the S-4 studies the terrain overwhich the regiment will move, the network of trailsand roads in the area, and any special supply or trans-portation requirements. Based on this information hemakes an estimate of the situation and decides how hewill provide the combat support. This decision is thebasis for his planning.

82

b. The S-4's detailed knowledge of the supply statusincludes: the quantity of each class of supply on handby item, amounts of each item required by each unitsany existing supply deficiencies, and special supplyrequirements.

c. The S-4 knows the status of unit organic trans-port. This includes any additional transportation re-quired for an operation. He keeps abreast for theregimental maintenance activities-including capabili-ties, spare parts, state of training of maintenancepersonnel, and the. availability of tools.

d. The S-4's knowledge of the tactical situation in-cludes troop locations, nature of the operation, supplyroutes in the objective area, enemy air and patrol ac-tivity, and similar matters. Tactical and supply plansare closely coordinated and mutually supporting.

Section II. OPERATION OF THE SERVICECOMPANY COMBAT SUPPORT SYSTEM

80. GENERAL. The service company's regimentalcombat support operations are conducted primarily inthe regimental train bivouac. Combat support agenciesinclude supply points, maintenance installations, theregimental ammunition supply point, and collectingpoints. The S-4 supervises the location of these instal-lations, and he makes recommendations to the regi-mental commander concerning the employment of thesesupporting agencies. (See fig. 14.)

81. REGIMENTAL TRAIN BIVOUAC. a. Theregimental train bivouac is the focal point for supply

83

TRAIN BIVOUACA

Figure 14. Installations in the regimental combat supportsystem.

84

x~;o I I ' ' sa~~~~~v

84

and maintenance operations. Its general location may bestated in the division order. The regimental S-4 selectsa suitable area near the assigned location. The exactsite is picked by the service company commander, whois in command of the elements located in the bivouac.

b. Regimental train bivouac elements may include-(1) Service company headquarters.(2) The receiving and distribution group of serv-

ice company.(3) The class I supply point (or ration break-

down point).(4) The regimental class III supply point.(5) The truck maintenance section.(6) The tank maintenance section.(7) The bath and clothing exchange units (when

allocated to the regiment from division quar-termaster company).

(8) The field trains of the regiment.(9) The combat trains of the regiment (less com-

ponents released to the control of subordinateunits).

(10) Company transport under regimental control.(11) Kitchens under regimental control.(12) Administrative installations of attached units

or supporting agencies and personnel for con-trol purposes to provide essential services.

c. Characteristics of a suitable regimental trainbivouac location include-

(1) Convenience to the units served.(2) Noninterference with combat elements.(3) A good road network to the front and rear.(4) Concealment from hostile ground and aerial

observation.

85

(5) Sufficient area to permit dispersion of vehiclesand activity, beyond the range of enemy lightartillery fire.

(6) Hard standings for vehicles-located forwardof any terrain feature which might become abarrier to supply operations.

(7) Terrain features favoring defense against airor ground attack, and favoring local security.

(8) Buildings which are suitable as shelter forsupply and maintenance activities, but whichare not likely targets.

(9) Water sources for vehicles, laundry, andbathing. It is difficult to find all of these fea-tures at one place, but each item is consideredwhen locating the regimental train bivouac.

d. The interior arrangement of the bivouac area isplanned to expedite combat support. The service com-pany commander, assisted by the regimental motortransport officer, divides the area into sections. Thebivouac commonly includes the following subdivisions:kitchen area, maintenance area, trains area, bath andclothing exchange area, train bivouac headquarters, anda salvage collecting point. The main supply route isclearly marked at the bivouac entrance, and signs with-in the bivouac show the traffic pattern. A well definedroad net helps operations during darkness.

(1) The kitchen area is off the main traveled routeto avoid dust and dirt and to provide area fordispersion and concealment. Good routes, ac-cessible to vehicles, are needed in the kitchenarea. It is desirable to have space for sortingrations and buildings suitable for temporarystorage of rations. The class I supply point is

86

near the center of the kitchen area. Class IIand class IV items are .,sometimes handledthrough the class I location.

(2) The maintenance area should be large enoughto permit dispersion of gasoline stocks insmall piles. It should have hard standing forvehicles and space for their dispersion. Build-ings suitable for work during blackout periodsare desirable. The maintenance area includesthe class III supply point, the truck mainte-nance section, and the tank maintenance sec-tion. These are all located in the same generalvicinity. The class III supply point is near themain supply route.

(3) The trains area includes the regimental trainand company transport which is operatingunder regimental control. Solid, well-drainedground, and accessibility to interior roads isdesirable. The area is large enough to permitdispersion and concealment. Available vehiclesare concealed in this vicinity. The regimentaldispatcher is located near the entrance to thetrains area.

(4) Elements of the bath section are located nearwater sources, and are accessible to troops.(These elements are assigned by the divisionquartermaster to support the regiment.) Thebath section may be located in the trainbivouac, or its elements are moved forward toserve units. Frequently a clothing exchangeelement goes with this installation.

(5) The train bivouac headquarters area includesthe following agencies:

87

PRIMARY CHARACTERISTICS:

CONVENIENCE TO UNITS SERVEDSUFFICIENT AREAGOOD ROADS TO FRONT AND REAR

., ,RATION BREAKDOWNPOINT

VQ ~~~~~~~~~~~i.TANKMAINT.

AlAREGI MAINT SALV

REG MENTAL NSPORTCOMBAT TRAIN

Figure 15. Interior arrangement of a regimental field trainbivouac.

(a) Service company command post.(b) Service company command group.(c) Regimental S-4 section.(d) Receiving and distributing group.(e) Graves registration section.(f) Food service supervision group.(g) Communication personnel and their facili-

ties.

The train bivouac commander controls otherelements within the bivouac. For this reasonhis headquarters should be centrally located.(See fig. 15.)

(6) Collecting points for excess and damageditems, salvage, and captured material arelocated near the entrance to the regimentaltrain bivouac.

82. REGIMENTAL AMMUNITION SUPPLYPOINT; a. The ammunition supply point controlsammunition flow. (For operation of the ammunitionsupply point see par. 36.) The location of the regi-mental ammunition supply point is recommended bythe regimental munitions officer, and is subject toapproval by S-4. Location of the ammunition supplypoint near the train bivouac simplifies security andcontrol, and makes it easier for the munitions group tomess with service company. However, these twoagencies seldom operate as one installation. If they arecombined, the large volume of traffic operating throughboth installations causes confusion.

b. Desirable characteristics of the regimental am-munition supply point are-

(1) Adequate space.(2) Near good roads to the front and rear.

(3) Located at or near the point where routes tounits diverge.

(4) Easy to identify.

(5) Concealed from ground and air observations.(6) Convenient to units.

(7) In defilade from enemy small-arms fire.

89

83. OTHER SUPPLY POINTS. a. Temporarysupply points may be used to support tactical require-ments. These include-

(1) Forward class III supply points which sup-port and are located near the tank company.

(2) Temporary supply points to control the issueor recovery of class IV material, such asassault boats, engineer fortification material,flame throwers, and similar items.

b. Temporary supply points usually function astransportation control points for vehicles hauling sup-plies and equipment. They are used as collecting pointsfor such items as engineer tools.

84. MAINTENANCE INSTALLATIONS.a. Tables of organization and equipment prescribe thenumber of vehicles in the regiment. As there are nospare vehicles and replacement is usually difficult,vehicles are kept in the best possible operation condi-tion.

b. The truck maintenance section is usually locatedin the regimental train bivouac. It performs scheduledservice and repairs which are beyond the capabilitiesof company mechanics.

c. The tank maintenance section is located in theregimental train bivouac area or in the tank companyarea. It performs tank maintenance which cannot beperformed in the forward area. (See ch. 6 for detailsof maintenance procedures.)

85. COLLECTING POINTS. a. Collecting pointsare located near supply installations on the main supplyroute.

90

b. The salvage collecting point handles items sent tothe rear by forward units. The items are sorted andturned over to agencies in the train bivouac area (seepar. 45). Excess material is collected at the salvagecollecting point and returned to supply channels. Sal-vage and captured material is collected and moved tothe rear.

c. The graves registration collecting point, operatedby the graves registration section, is located in asecluded area. It is convenient to supply routes-andnear the train bivouac or the ammunition supply point.Dead are collected at this location and evacuated to therear.

86. PERSONNEL SECTION. The personnel sec-tion maintains personnel records, prepares reports, andperforms other personnel administrative functions.This section usually is consolidated with other divisionadministrative agencies which are located in the rearportion of the division zone of action. However, thepersonnel section may operate in the regimental bivouac.

87. COMMUNICATION. Operation of the combatsupport system requires good communication for con-trol. The service company and the medical companyare tied into the regimental communication system withwire, messenger, and radio. (See fig. 16.)

a. The regimental special purpose radio net includesthe service company radio located in the train bivouac.The service company radio also operates in the regi-mental command net. Other supply installations are in-cluded in radio nets if radios are available.

91

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b. Telephones, switchboards, and wire are used be-tween the supply agencies. The service company com-mander is responsible for installing and operating wiresystems within the train bivouac. The regimental com-munication platoon operates wire lines to the regimentaltrain bivouac. The regimental ammunition points aresometimes included in this system. When possible, ex-isting wire systems are utilized. Telephone lines link theprincipal supply installations and are connected withother wire systems within the regiment. This gives aneffective communication net between supply agenciesand the units. Service company personnel operate theirown radios and telephones.

c. Messengers are a principal means of communica-tion. They carry long written reports, maps, and over-lays.

Section III. OPERATION OF THEBATALLION COMBAT SUPPORT SYSTEM

88. GENERAL. a. Within the battalion, combatsupport is handled by organic and attached elements.They perform on a reduced scale the same functionsfor the battalion as the service company performs forthe regiment. Battalion combat support installations in-clude a train bivouac area, ammunition supply point,maintenance installations, collecting points, other supplypoints, kitchens, and medical installations. (See fig. 17.)These installations are located within the battalion areawhere they can best support the battalion. With regi-mental approval they may be located outside of thebattalion area.

93

N'RAIN

PRIMARY CHARACTERISTICS

CONVENIENCE TO UNITS. TCENROADS TO FRONT AND REAR. MANT AEACONCEALMENT. AREASPACE FOR DISPERSION.

Figure 17. Battalion combat support system.

94

b. The battalion S-4 prepares the battalion combatsupport plan in the same manner as the regimental S-4prepares his plan for the regiment. The battalion planis based on similar knowledge of the supply situations,the tactical situation, and the terrain. The battalion S-4estimates the situation, arrives at a plan, and makeshis recommendations to the battalion commander.

c. The battalion S-4 supervises personnel who oper-ate the combat support system. They include the bat-talion motor transport officer, battalion maintenancepersonnel, the battalion pioneer and ammunitionplatoon, transportation noncommissioned officers,drivers, supply sergeants, armorers, and kitchen per-sonnel.

89. BATTALION TRAIN BIVOUAC AREA.a. Battalion combat support operations are conductedprimarily through the battalion train bivouac. The gen-eral location for the bivouac is announced by the regi-mental S-4. The exact location is selected by the bat-talion S-4 assisted by the battalion motor transportofficer.

b. Desirable characteristics for a battalion trainbivouac area include-

(1) Convenience to battalion units.(2) Good roads to the rear.(3) Passable roads and trails to forward com-

panies.(4) Concealment from hostile ground or air ob-

servation.(5) Defilade from hostile small-arms fire.(6) Space adequate for dispersion.

c. The bivouac may be located within range of

95

enemy fire. In such cases concealment, defilade, anddispersion are major considerations. In terrain wherepassive protection does not exist, or where losses wouldbe prohibitive, the battalion installations are reduced tobare essentials. Nonessential kitchens and transporta-tion are located in the regimental train bivouac. Somelosses are acceptable if locating the battalion installa-tions well forward increases the efficiency of combatsupport. The safety of supply personnel should not bepermitted to outweigh the delivery of adequate food,fuel, and ammunition to the front-line units.

d. The interior arrangement of the battalion bivouacarea is similar to that of the regimental train bivouac.(See the principles discussed in par. 81.)

90. MOTOR MAINTENANCE. Battalion main-tenance personnel operate in the train bivouac areaunder the supervision of the battalion motor transportofficer. The pooling of personnel, skills, tools, andequipment increases efficient maintenance of battalionvehicles. Drivers not busy on other tasks assist themechanics.

91. TRAINS. Vehicles not employed for tactical orsupply purposes are parked in the battalion trains areaof the train bivouac. Trucks from the regimental serv-ice company employed under battalion control are alsoparked here. Drivers disperse and camouflage theirvehicles in concealed areas and perform preventivemaintenance services. Drivers not performing mainte-nance tasks may be used as labor or bivouac sentries.

92. KITCHEN LOCATIONS. When adequate con-cealment and defilade exist, kitchens are located in the

96

battalion train bivouac area. The kitchens are dispersedin concealed locations accessible to vehicles. Rations aredrawn from the regimental class I supply point and pre-pared for delivery to troops. (See ch. 2 for details.)

93. BATTALION SUPPLY POINTS. Supplypoints for tactical operations include class III and classV installations, and supply points for the distribution ofengineer materials, tools, or similar items. They arelocated close behind or within the battalion area.

a. The class III supply point is located in the motormaintenance area. Five-gallon gasoline drums are dis-persed in this vicinity. Gasoline is issued directly todrivers, who refill their tanks and leave their emptydrums.

b. The battalion ammunition supply point is selected,established, and operated by the battalion S-4, assistedby personnel from the pioneer and ammunition platoon.The supply point may be located within the battaliontrain bivouac, or farther forward. Ammunition is sel-dom unloaded at the battalion ammunition supply pointexcept to transfer loads. Loaded vehicles are dispersedin the vicinity awaiting ammunition requests from for-ward units. Desirable characteristics for this installa-tion are similar to those for the regimental ammunitionsupply point.

c. Other classes of supplies are issued through thebattalion bivouac, or direct from vehicles farther for-ward. For example, clothing or replacement arms areissued through supply personnel. Engineer tools, mines,or similar items are delivered direct to units.

94. BATTALION COLLECTING POINTS. a. Acollecting point for salvage, excess items, and captured

97

material, is located in the battalion train bivouac.Material delivered to this point is evacuated to the rear.

b. A collecting point for the dead may be located inthe same vicinity, or near the ammunition supply point.Dead are evacuated directly to the regimental gravesregistration collecting point if transportation on whichthey are loaded is proceeding that far to the rear. Deaddelivered by carrying parties, or by vehicles which mustreturn to the front, are evacuated from the forwardcollecting points on the first available transportation.

95. COMMUNICATION. The battalion communi-cation platoon establishes and maintains communicationfor its supply and medical installations within the bat-talion area. Radio and telephone communication speedup the delivery of supplies.

Section IV. OPERATION OF COMPANYSUPPLY SYSTEMS

96. GENERAL. The company supply system issimple but important. A single company supply areausually is sufficient, and company personnel safeguardand issue the supplies. The company commander isresponsible for selecting the company supply locationand distributing the supplies. Desirable characteristicsfor a company supply area include defilade fromenemy fire, concealment from air and ground observa-tion, sufficient area to permit dispersion, and routes forthe movement of supplies to platoons.

97. RIFLE COMPANY SUPPLY SYSTEM.a. The company ammunition supply point is the princi-

98

pal location for resupply. (See fig. 18.) It is locatedclose behind the company. When possible, the ammuni-tion is carried forward by vehicles to weapon locations.When this is not possible, ammunition is unloaded atthe supply point and moved forward to platoons byhand carry. (Platoon ammunition supply points usuallyare not established.) If company areas cannot be reachedby vehicles, supplies are delivered by pack animals or byhand-carry. If local labor is available, porters are used;otherwise, personnel from units which are not engagedhelp deliver supplies. As a last resort, personnel fromthe front-line company itself pick up their ownsupplies.

b. Company mess locations are selected by the com-pany commander and are usually located near the com-pany elements. Kitchens under company control arelocated in company mess areas. (See par. 17 for feed-ing principles.) Mail, clothing, replacements for dam-aged weapons or equipment, and similar items areissued to individuals at convenient times. Elementsunable to come to the company mess locations sendcarrying parties to pick up their supplies.

c. Within the company area, maintenance usually isperformed by drivers. They make any simple repairswhich are necessary to keep vehicles moving. Whenneeded, repair teams from the battalion train bivouacassist the drivers.

d. Damaged weapons and other equipment requiringrepair or replacement are evacuated on vehicles. Sal-vage, excess, and captured material are evacuated asdirected by the battalion commander.

e. Dead are moved from the company area as soonas possible. Dead which cannot be reached by vehicles

99

RIFLE COMPANY

S I I-

- AA8

COMPANY SUPPLY POINT BY HAND

.,

'INDICATES UNIT SUPPLY AREAo

Figure 18. Rifle company supply system.

100

are evacuated by carrying parties. Dead which cannotbe evacuated by units are moved to the vicinity oftraveled paths and covered with raincoats, blankets, orshelter halves. The location is plainly marked. Companycommanders report to their battalion commander thelocation of all dead which companies are not able toevacuate.

f. The movement of transportation is controlledcarefully within forward company areas. Each com-pany commander issues vehicle control instructions tohis transport personnel. Vehicle losses are minimizedby limiting movement, making careful reconnaissancefor suitable routes, and performing simple pioneertasks to mark and improve the routes. See FM 7-10for discussion of rifle company supply activities.

98. HEAVY WEAPONS COMPANY SUPPLYSYSTEM. a. The heavy weapons company supplysystem operates similar to the rifle company system.However, heavy weapons companies are employed overthe entire battalion front, and they use more heavyammunition than do the rifle units. (See fig. 19.)

b. The company ammunition supply point acts as acontrol point for vehicles carrying ammunition to theforward units. One .weapons carrier with its basicload of ammunition is placed close behind each forwardplatoon. Ammunition may be supplied through riflecompany installations whenever such locations areusable. Units which cannot be reached by vehicles aresupplied by pack animals or by hand-carrying parties.

c. The company mess location is selected near thelargest number of heavy weapons units. (See par. 17

101

HEAVY WEAPONS COMPANY

a a

S- -

PLATOON LOCATIONS ARE OFTEN THE

SAME AS RIFLEoCOMPANY LOCATIONS

- INDICATES UNIT SUPPLY AREA

Figure 19. Heavy weapons company supply system.

102

HEAVY MORTAR COMPANY

C L

X, . = -

MORT

FORWARD SUPPLY POINTSARE ESTABLISHED WHEN

NECESSARY

_- INDICATES UNIT SUPPLY AREA

Figure 20. Heavy mortar company supply system.

103

for serving meals; see par. 16 for arrangements infeeding the units attached to rifle companies.)

99. HEAVY MORTAR COMPANY SUPPLYSYSTEM. a. Combat support procedures for themortar company depend upon how the company is em-ployed. The supply of food, gasoline, and class II andclass IV supplies functions in the same manner as forother separate companies not organic to battalions.Ammunition is heavy and expended rapidly. The neces-sity for continuous close support and the tonnage in-volved requires the use of vehicles for the supply andreplenishment of ammunition. (See fig. 20.)

b. Platoon ammunition supply points are establishedto control the supply of ammunition to platoons at-tached to battalions. Platoon ammunition supply pointsfunction in the same manner as the heavy weaponscompany ammunition supply points.

100. TANK COMPANY SUPPLY SYSTEM.a. The tactical employment of the tank company dic-tates the supply system. (See fig. 21.)

b. Tank gasoline and ammunition loads are re-plenished from supply points accessible to the supplyvehicles. These points are established as close behindthe units as possible. Individual tanks may be with-drawn to supply points for replenishing loads, or tanksengaged with the enemy may be withdrawn in rotationand their loads replenished. As an alternative, tankunits which have expended their ammunition loads maybe replaced by fully supplied units.

c. Rations, water, and class II and class IV suppliesare furnished to the tank company by using the supply

104

TANK COMPANY

X T | | TK_

-.

TK~i TK~

PLATOONS ARE SUPPLIED THROUGH

PLATOONS ARE SUPPLIED THROUGH

FORWARD SUPPLY POINTS OR DIRECT

FROM COMPANY SUPPLY POINT

, -S

e. INOICATES UNIT SUPPLY AREA

Figure 21. Tank company supply system.

105

procedures described for other units. Maintenance oftanks while in forward areas is limited to crew main-tenance. (For details of maintenance, see pars. 37-45.)

101. HEADQUARTERS COMPANY ANDSERVICE COMPANY. These two units usuallyare supplied direct from installations in the regimentaltrain bivouac.

102. MEDICAL COMPANY. Tlie medical companyestablishes a company supply point near the regimentalcollecting station. This point delivers medical suppliesand class II, III, and IV items to elements of thecompany. Elements near the collecting station are fedat the medical company kitchen. Attached battalionmedical platoons are fed by their battalions.

103. COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL OFCOMPANY SUPPLY SYSTEMS. Normal com-pany communication systems are used to control combatsupport in the company areas.

Section V. SECURITY FOR COMBATSUPPORT

104.'REGIMENTAL TRAINS. a. The regimentalcommander is responsible for the security of his regi-mental trains from the ground and the air. The servicecompany commander, under the general supervision ofthe regimental S-4, organizes the necessary securityfor the trains in bivouac. He also coordinates securityfor elements of the trains operating away from thebivouac area, employing armed convoys if needed.

106

b. During movement to contact, the route of theregiment's advance is secured by combat elements oper-ating as advance, flank, or rear guards. However,personnel operating the trains furnish their own close-in security. They use their individual weapons, machineguns, and rocket launchers against hostile ground orguerrilla attack. Unless orders have been issued to thecontrary, all caliber .50 machine guns are prepared tofire on attacking enemy planes.

c. When the regiment is in contact with the enemy,the reserve rifle element may be made responsible forthe overall ground security of the regimental rearareas. To protect supply lines or installations againstguerrillas, enemy paratroops, or other groups, thereserve element then furnishes security detachments forthose elements of the train which are on the move. Thecommander of the security forces coordinates with theservice company commander. The service companycommander keeps the commander of the security forcesinformed of the number and size of supply convoys,time of departure, time of return, destination, and otherpertinent information. The commander of the securityforce is responsible for the tactical operation of detach-ments assigned to furnish security. Except in emer-gencies, supply vehicles are formed into convoys to gainmaximum protection and conserve security forces.

105. SECURITY OF TRAIN BIVOUACS.a. Local ground security for train bivouac is providedby establishing a perimeter defense around the areaoccupied. If security forces are available, their com-mander is responsible for establishing the defense. Heuses all available elements except medical personnel. If

107

no security forces have been assigned to protect thetrain bivouac area, the service company commander isresponsible for planning and establishing the defense.

b. Machine guns on ground mounts are sited andtheir fires coordinated to cover avenues of enemyapproach. Rocket launchers are sited to cover likelyavenues of enemy mechanized approach to the area.Particular attention is given to good trails and roads.Riflemen are placed where they can best cover gapsin the machine gun fires and protect the machine gunand rocket launcher positions. When enemy mech-anized attack is probable, minefields may be laid byqualified personnel if their presence will not endangerfriendly elements. The location of these minefields isrecorded and reported.

c. The perimeter defense is divided into sectorsunder assigned leaders who organize the defense. Whenpossible, defense groups for each sector are composedof the men operating the installations in or near thatsector. (See fig. 22.)

d. Each man receives instructions on his part in thedefense, the signals or conditions under which defensivepositions are to be manned, and location of assemblypoints.

e. A warning system is established and guards areposted at all times. During darkness, or when enemygroups are known or suspected to be operating in thevicinity, the number and strength of guard posts isincreased. At'night, men not on guard or other dutysleep in the immediate vicinity of their assigned de-fensive positions.

f. Men who are working close to their defensivepositions can use them for protection from enemy air

108

PLANNED ROADBLOCKS

,'_X. ,.KITCHEN AREA '

'-~.?'~" TRAINS AREA

.*''. ORGANIZED DEFENSIVE POSITION.t~.e ,...,' NOT OCCUPIED.

Figure 22. Security of supply installations.

attack or long range weapons. If the distance fromthe installation at which he works to his assigneddefensive position is in excess of 50 yards, individualshelters or foxholes are prepared for protection fromair attack and long range weapons fire. These entrench-ments also serve as alternate defensive positions againstenemy ground, paratroop, or guerrilla attacks.

106. SECURITY AGAINST AIR OR PARA-TROOP ATTACK. Antiaircraft units furnish the

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overall security of the rear areas against air attack.Machine guns not needed for ground defense supple-ment the antiaircraft fires. When antiaircraft units arenot able to protect the bivouac area, protection is fur-nished by the organic machine guns. In either situationantiaircraft machine gun crews are designated and acontrol system is established to coordinate fires. Guardsare posted to give warning of ground attacks.

Section VI. COMBAT SUPPORT DURINGOPERATIONS

107. SUPPORT DURING MOVEMENT. Theregiment always is prepared to move promptly with allof its equipment, protect itself enroute, and ready tofight. Tactical moves vary depending upon the immi-nence of contact with the enemy, transportation avail-able, effectiveness of enemy long range weapons andaircraft, road and traffic conditions, and the necessityfor speed. Although the regiment may receive assist-ance from division or higher echelons, service companyis prepared to furnish combat during all movements.The regimental S-4 plans and cordinates combat sup-port measures.

108. SUPPORT DURING MOVEMENTS INROUTE COLUMN. a. When ground contact withthe enemy is remote, the regiment moves in route col-umn. While the regiment is in route column, adminis-trative considerations govern and tactical formationsare not required.

b. Foot troops march or are moved by availablemotor, rail, or air transportation. Marching troops andthose moving by motor are issued packaged rations for

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the noon meal. At overnight halts unit messes feed hotevening and morning meals. Elements of the regimentmoving by rail establish messes aboard trains or usepackaged rations. Troops moving by air are issuedpackaged rations or in-flight lunches. Unit messes areestablished in debarkation areas.

c. Elements moving by motor consist of one or moreechelons, and they may use several routes-dependingon highways, traffic restrictions, and the effectivenessof enemy long range weapons and aircraft. When theregiment moves on one route, service company movesas a unit in the regimental column. When more thanone route or echelon is used, the company is divided soas to provide support for each of the elements. Combatsupport functions consist primarily of furnishingrations, fuel for vehicles, and vehicle maintenance.Rations normally are drawn before departure and arecarried in trucks. Vehicle fuel is drawn from class ITTdumps or supply points, which are established along theroute by higher headquarters. It is issued to individualvehicles at halts. Vehicles carry an additional supply offuel in 5-gallon cans. Maintenance for disabled vehiclesis furnished by maintenance personnel which followeach echelon or column in organic maintenance vehicles.

109. SUPPORT DURING MOVEMENTS INTACTICAL COLUMN. a. Movements in tacticalcolumn are made under conditions when ground con-tact with the enemy is considered possible, though notimminent. The regiment or some of its units are pre-pared to go into combat immediately, and the regimentordinarily moves in tactical groups. Security is main-tained to the front, flanks, and rear of each column.

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Transportation is made available for flank and rearsecurity detachments.

b. Resupply during tactical column movements de-pends on enemy action, disposition of units, and speedof movement. Units normally carry sufficient supplieswith them to permit completion of the movement beforeresupply will be required. For those meals eaten enroute, packaged individual or group rations are issuedbefore the movement. Prior to the movement, vehiclesare serviced, fuel tanks are filled, and extra fuel in5-gallon drums is issued to vehicles.

c. If extended movements in tactical column are re-quired, higher commanders attach supply convoys tothe regiment to accompany or rendezvous with it atspecified times and locations during the movement.Supplies are drawn from established supply points asdirected by the higher commanders.

d. The disposition of trains during movements intactical column depends upon road and traffic condi-tions and the mission of units. Trains usually accom-pany the regiment during the move. Those elementsessential to combat (ammunition vehicles and companytransport) are released to the control of units whichare likely to need them. Other vehicles not immediatelyessential to combat are put at or near the rear of thecolumn where they are able to furnish the needed sup-port and not interfere with the movement of tacticalvehicles.

e. Transportation is released to units according tothe mission. For example, if a battalion is assigned asadvance guard, it receives control over its companytransport and its section of the regimental ammunitiontrain. Its kitchens and company general-utility vehiGles

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remain under regimental control with the remainder ofthe regimental trains.

f. The advance guard battalion may release companytransport to all its companies, or it may release onlythe company transport of the advance guard company.Battalions not yet assigned specific combat missionsmove their transport as one echelon, which is releasedto companies when needed.

g. During movement in tactical column maintenanceis furnished in the same manner as in the route column,except for rear guard vehicles. The rear guard reportsto the service company vehicles which require mainte-nance. Service company performs the required main-tenance by sending a repair team back (see par. 45).

110. SUPPORT DURING THE APPROACHMARCH. a. When ground contact with the enemy isimminent, the regiment assumes an approach marchformation. During this phase of movement to contacttactical considerations govern, and all units are pre-pared for immediate combat. Depending upon the mis-sion, method of movement, strength of screening force,terrain, and information of the enemy, commandersselect a formation which will expedite movement intocombat.

b. Units are completely supplied before the approachmarch. Rations, fuel, and ammunition necessary toinitiate combat are issued to units.

c. If the mission of the regiment is to attack directlyfrom the approach march formation (when a coveringforce is not in position between itself and the enemy),the regiment releases battalion sections of the ammu-

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nition trains to battalions. Company transport is re-leased to companies, and medical vehicles accompanythe unit which they are to support. In some situationsnormal combat support installations, such as regimentaltrain bivouacs and collecting stations, may be estab-lished when the regiment goes into the approach march.In other cases-for example, when the position of theenemy has not been determined-the regimental in-stallations may move by bounds behind the regiment.In these cases the combat support installations are pre-pared to operate on order. In either case service andmedical companies are prepared to promptly initiateresupply, maintenance, and medical service functions.

111. SUPPORT WHILE IN THE ASSEMBLYAREA. a. The regiment or its elements occupy assem-bly areas, where final preparations for combat are made.The assembly area is protected by a covering forcefrom the regiment or other units. Extra ammunition isissued, final orders are given, and final coordinationsare made. Any equipment which is not immediatelyessential for combat is stacked and left in the area or isplaced on company general utility vehicles.

b. Vehicles which are still under the control of highercommanders-for example, company transport underbattalion control-are released to units. The vehiclesnot essential to initiate combat are returned to battalionor regimental train bivouacs. Vehicles are fueled andempty 5-gallon drums are sent to the rear for refilling.

c. Service company establishes the regimental trainbivouac and regimental ammunition supply point. Medi-cal company establishes the regimental collecting sta-tion, and battalion medical platoons establish aid

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stations. If time and the tactical situation permits, ahot meal is fed to troops before they move into theattack.

112. SUPPORT DURING OFFENSIVE ACTION.a. When the attack commences, the service companyinitiates resupply, maintenance, and evacuation pro-cedures. Medical company elements give medical serviceto attacking units. Installations and supplies are keptas mobile as possible, moving forward behind the ad-vancing attack. Orders for the attack include a routeof ammunition advance and instructions concerning theemployment of company transport, general utilityvehicles, and ammunition trains.

b. It is important that feeding plans are preparedpromptly, and that all troops are fed hot meals. Troopsare fed as discussed in paragraphs 12-19. Units fre-quently change their attachments (luring the attack.Meals are served at normal intervals if possible. Whennecessary to insure effective feeding, kitchens arereleased to battalions or companies.

c. The methods of distributing gasoline and oil areflexible, particularly in the tank company. When tanksare attached to battalions, the regiment may establishsmall gasoline supply points close behind the forwardbattalions.

d. Regimental and battalion ammunition supplypoints advance by bounds along a planned route calledthe route of ammunition advance. This provides con-tinuous close support to the attacking echelon. Theroute of ammunition advance starts with the initiallocation for the ammunition supply point and continuesto a location from which to serve troops on the final

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LD LO

PRIMARY CHARACTERISTICS

'GOOD ROADS TO FRONT AND REAREASE OF IDENTIFICATIONCONCEALMENT

Figure 23. Route of ammunition advance.

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objective. (See fig. 23.) The advance designation of the

route assists units in locating the ammunition supplypoint-even though it may be in the process of dis-placing.

e. Vehicles carrying basic loads of ammunition arereleased to units. As ammunition is expended, theempty vehicles are sent to battalion ammunition supplypoints for refilling. Separate companies send their ve-

hicles to the regimental ammunition supply point forrefill. Lighter company vehicles are refilled at thesepoints by transferring loads from heavier vehicles.

After loading, company vehicles return to their units.

f. Battalions dispatch their ammunition train vehicles

to the regimental ammunition supply point to be refilled(par. 36). The regiment uses ammunition trains andother available organic vehicles of large tonnage capac-

ity to haul ammunition from the army ammunitionsupply point to units. When the regiment cannot haul

its ammunition requirements, it requests more vehiclesfrom division or closer support by the ammunitionsupply agency.

g. In rapidly moving situations ammunition supplyis maintained by prior planning and aggressive exe-cution.

h. To insure effective maintenance, small teams of

service company mechanics are sent forward to thebattalion bivouac areas, where they make minor repairsand preventive maintenance inspections.

113. PURSUIT. Combat support for pursuit opera-

tions is similar to the support for offensive operations.However, movement is rapid and supplies are moremobile. Organic transportation is reinforced by higher

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units. Installations, such as the train bivouac, aretemporary. Troops are issued small unit or individualrations, when the delivery of hot meals is impossible.Gasoline requirements for tanks are greatly increased,and basic loads of ammunition may be increased. Sup-plies and equipment not essential to the operation areleft under guard in old areas to release additionaltransportation for moving troops and the most neces-sary supplies.

114. DURING DEFENSIVE ACTION. a. Combatsupport during the defensive operations varies-de-pending upon whether the defense is established inclose contact with the enemy or under the protection ofcovering forces.

b. Immediately following offensive action, defensivepositions usually are established in close contact withthe enemy. The combat support installations whichwere used during the offensive may either remain inplace or be moved to stronger defensive positions. Forthis type of defense, the functioning of the combatsupport system is similar to that for the offense.

c. During the defense, food is sent up from kitchenslocated in the regimental or battalion train bivouac.Attachments to units on the defensive position do notchange as rapidly as in the offense, and the distributionof meals is easier. Troops in exposed positions are fedduring darkness or by relays at the company mess loca-tions. As the position becomes more stabilized, feedingplans are changed accordingly. Unit and individual re-supply on a defensive position is similar to the systemused for the offensive. Fuel requirements are less butammunition requirements are greater.

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d. No routes of ammunition advance are prescribedin the defense. Ammunition to meet carefully estimatedneeds is placed on the position. The amount of ammu-nition to be placed on the position should be limited tothe amount which will be needed before replenishmentcan be effected. This estimate is made by the unit com-mander after consideration of previous combat experi-ence, the tactical situation, and circumstances affectingreplenishment.

e. When units are out of contact with the enemy orwhen protected by covering forces, regimental con-trolled vehicles haul ammunition from the army supplypoints to the battle positions. To reduce traffic conges-tion in rear areas and at the army ammunition supplypoint, a minimum number of large capacity vehicles isused. Usually the vehicles deliver ammunition directlyto the company areas. When this is impracticable, loadsare transferred from the ammunition train vehicles tounit weapon carriers at regimental or battalion ammu-nition supply points. Weapon carriers then completethe delivery to company areas.

f. When the defense is established while in contactwith the enemy, or when contact is imminent, vehiclemovement may be restricted in the forward defensivepositions. Units then establish ammunition reserves byreplenishing their supply from basic loads of weaponcarriers. This is done in the same manner as for offen-sive operations.

g. During the conduct of the defense, ammunition isdelivered to forward positions by hand-carry fromweapons carriers brought as far forward as possible oncovered routes. Initial ammunition stocks are unloadednear weapons positions. Additional ammunition is

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delivered under cover of darkness. This avoids revealingthe positions of weapons and reduces vehicle losses.

h. Vehicles not required in the defense of forwardareas are withdrawn to the regimental train bivouac orto ammunition supply points, where basic loads are re-constituted with ammunition hauled from the armyammunition supply point.

i. Preventive maintenance, repair of arms and equip-ment, issue of shortages in supply, and other measuresare carried out during lulls in the fighting.

j. Supply agencies obtain and issue fortificationmaterials such as barbed wire, sandbags, antitank andantipersonnel mines, logs, lumber, and tools. These areused to improve the defensive positions.

115. DURING REST PERIODS. a. When the regi-ment or one of its units is in a rest area, the primarymission is training and rehabilitation. During theseperiods shortages of equipment are replaced, reportsare submitted, replacements are equipped, records arecompleted, and the unit made ready for further combat.Commanders schedule necessary training and otheractivities, including periods to repair and clean equip-ment and for inspections.

b. Commanders inspect their units and submit requi-sitions for the replacement of all shortages in organi-zational and individual equipment. Supply personnelprocess these requests and obtain and issue replacementitems.

c. Units and individuals repair and clean equipment,individual weapons, and clothing. Communication equip-ment is checked and those repairs possible are madeby units.

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d. Items which cannot be repaired within the regi-ment are turned in to division maintenance elements,who either repair or replace the items. Repair andinspection teams may be requested from division agen-cies to make technical inspections and minor repairs.

e. Vehicle maintenance is intensified during restperiods. Drivers and mechanics inspect and repair unitvehicles. Vehicles are greased and lubricated and gaso-line tanks are refilled just before returning to combat.

f. Basic loads of ammunition are checked for com-pleteness and serviceability. Ammunition issued to in-dividuals is inspected to see that it is complete andserviceable.

g. Items of unit equipment which have been ex-pended, such as field wire, are replaced and preparedfor combat use. Equipment of replacement personnelwho have been assigned is checked to see that it iscomplete.

h. Kitchens normally are released to companies. Unitmesses feed hot meals three times daily at normal mealhours.

i. Items of supplies or equipment required for train-ing or recreational purposes, such as targets, trainingammunition, or athletic equipment, are requisitioned bythe regimental S-4. Close coordination with other regi-mental staff sections, particularly the S-1 and the S-3,is necessary so that equipment which is needed for thesepurposes is available to units without delay.

j. A bath unit from the division quartermaster com-pany should be made available near the unit area. Ifthe shower unit is located some distance away from theunit area, the S-4 provides transportation to and fromthe bathing area. The division quartermaster may

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operate a clothing exchange in connection with the bathunit. This depends on the availability of sufficient extraclothing and laundry facilities to permit the exchangeof soiled clothing for clean. If this is impossible, laun-dry facilities may be improvised.

k. Medical service is furnished by aid stations in unitareas. The stations operate with medical chest numbertwo. This allows packs to be used by the aid station incombat to be made ready for combat usage. Aid sta-tions may be operated by the battalion medical platoonsand by elements of the regimental collecting platoon.Normal channels are used for evacuation of sick andinjured. Physical inspections, inoculations, and sani-tary measures are conducted as directed by com-manders. If the size of the bivouac area and locationof units permits, medical service may be centralized tofree medical personnel for training.

1. Recreational trips to points of local interest orother rest areas are scheduled as a part of the rehabili-tation program. During these movements the S-4 estab-lishes mess facilities for the troops and normallyprovides transportation for the movement. If the areasvisited are not part of an established rest area, he mayestablish mess and administrative facilities in the newarea.

116. DURING PERIODS IN RESERVE. Whenthe regiment or one of its units is in reserve, it isprepared to move immediately in tactical formation.Although the duration of the reserve mission seldomcan be predicted, there may be time for the unit toaccomplish some of the functions discussed in the pre-ceding paragraph. During these periods commanders

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insure that ammunition, equipment, clothing, andweapons are complete and serviceable, and that troopsare fed hot meals. If possible, facilities for bathing andclean socks and underwear are made available.

Section VII. SPECIAL OPERATIONS

117. AIRBORNE OPERATIONS. See part four,this manual.

118. AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS. The supportof amphibious operations is echeloned. The echelons ofsupplies are called individual reserves, initial reserves,beach reserves, and landing force reserves. Division ortask force headquarters determines the amounts andtypes of supplies and transportation, and the numbersof supply, medical, and administrative personnel to beincluded in each echelon. These details are announcedin administrative orders or annexes.

a. The individual reserve provides sufficient suppliesto initiate combat. It is carried ashore by the individualsand animals of the landing force. It includes water,rations, ammunition, and medical supplies sufficient tolast 1 to 2 days. These supplies are loaded aboard theships carrying the assault troops accessible for issue toindividuals prior to debarkation. Special equipment orsupplies needed by the assault units such as demolitions,waterproof bags, or items required for passage of ob-stacles may be issued in the same manner. This equip-ment is reduced to the minimum essential for combat.Usually all equipment is hand carried during the initialphases of the operation.

b. (1) The initial reserve provides sufficient suppliesfor the landing force to sustain itself in com-

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bat for 2 to 5 days. It includes all classes ofsupplies for all elements of the force. Part ofthese supplies are loaded on vehicles which arescheduled to land in later waves of the assault.The remainder is loaded aboard the ship sothat it may be moved ashore immediately be-hind assault units. Vehicles carry basic loadsof ammunition and prescribed equipment.Vehicle tanks are filled to three-quarters ca-pacity and carry extra 5-gallon drums of fueland extra oil and lubricants.

(2) The supply of ammunition often is criticalduring the initial phases of an amphibiousoperation and the amount required usuallywill be more than assaulting troops can carry.For this reason part of the initial reserve ofammunition is loaded on vehicles which willbe landed across the beach with later assaultwaves. Immediately upon landing, these ve-hicles deliver their ammunition loads to theirunits. Assaulting troops which cannot be sup-plied with additional ammunition in this man-ner may carry extra ammunition ashore anddrop it on the beach, or a short distance inlandat designated places. Ammunition dropped bythe initial wave is later assembled into smallpiles which become battalion dumps. As theassaulting battalions move farther inland serv-ice company units come ashore and these smallbattalion dumps are taken over by regiment.Forward units replenish ammunition by handcarry or by confiscated motor and animaltransport if available. As the beachhead is

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deepened and organic motor transport comesashore, basic loads are used to replenish am-munition. Additional ammunition is alsobrought ashore to dumps as needed. Eventu-ally the ammunition supply procedure becomesthe same as that employed for normal offen-sive action.

(3) The remainder of the initial reserve is broughtashore after the regimental shore party hasbeen established on the beach. Rations areloaded on kitchen vehicles and are broughtashore with other supplies and equipment onorganic or attached transport. Supplies whichare not loaded on vehicles are brought ashorein bulk by landing craft or amphibious ve-hicles and delivered to regimental dumps. Sup-plies are distributed to units from these dumpsin the same manner as ammunition. Servicecompany or shore party elements replacementitems for arms or equipment lost during thelanding are brought ashore by service com-pany or shore party elements.

c. Beach reserves consist of from 5 to 10 days sup-plies of all classes of supply for all elements of thelanding force. They are landed when the beachhead issecure and beaches are free of observed enemy fire.Bulk supplies are moved ashore and the remainder oforganic transport is delivered to units. The normalsupply distribution system is established and supplyprocedures follow those used for normal groundoperations.

d. Force reserves consist of supplies of all classes tosupport the landing force for a period of from 10 to 30

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days. They are delivered ashore after the beachheadis firmly established and distributed to units by divisionor task force service units.

119. COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS. a. Logis-tical support for tactical operations in cold weather orin arctic conditions follows the same procedures em-ployed for other combat operations. However, special-ized equipment, additional training, and specialhandling are usually required. Organization and train-ing are completed before beginning operations. Thisenables the personnel to familiarize themselves withoperating special equipment. In many sections of thearctic and subarctic it is not feasible to move suppliesby ground during breakup or freeze-up. These condi-tions affect the planning of logistical support.

b. Wheeled transportation is difficult to operate indeep snow or during extremely cold weather. Tractorand sled trains are used for hauling supplies over areaswithout roads. Special fuels and lubricants are requiredto meet extreme cold weather conditions. Heated shel-ters are necessary for maintenance personnel. Specialmethods and equipment are used to start and operatevehicles.

c. Many supplies are consumed at a greater rateduring cold weather operations. Fuel and lubricantrequirements increase because of incomplete combus-tion, idling of engines and a greater amount of low-gear driving. Also, large quantities of fuel are used forheaters and for cooking. Ration requirements are in-creased to compensate for loss of air dropped supplies,increased consumption, and spoilage due to freezing.Demolition requirements are increased because explo-sives are needed to penetrate frozen ground.

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d. Storage of supplies presents a considerable prob-lem. Rations are kept in heated shelters to preventfreezing, and gasoline and oil have to be protected fromthe weather. Ammunition stored in the open is placedabove ground and kept covered.

e. During cold weather operations prompt medicalservice is very important. Because of the extreme cold,shock develops rapidly. Evacuation is speeded up by theuse of ski-litters, toboggans, or snow-boats. Litter-bearers when hand carrying a litter are soon exhaustedin deep snow. Otherwise, the medical system operatesin the same general way as for combat operations inwarmer climates.

120. MOUNTAIN OPERATIONS. a. In mountainwarfare, pack animals, hand carry and air resupplyare used to a much greater extent than in operationsover less rugged terrain. This frequently limits theamount of supplies that can be moved and the size ofthe force which can be supplied; otherwise, the supplyprocedures are similar to those used in normal tacticaloperations.

b. Supplies usually are transported in stages. Theyare moved as far forward as possible on vehicles andtransferred to pack animals. The animals shuttle themas close to unit locations as possible. Finally, the sup-plies are moved forward to front-line units, by hand-carrying parties, or by porters organized from nativeinhabitants.

c. Small stocks of rations and ammunition may bemoved forward and placed close behind forward units.These supplies are used as emergency reserves.

d. More food is required in mountain operations than

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under ordinary conditions. Mountain fighting is strenu-ous, and the body requires additional heat in coldweather. When possible, hot meals are served. The useof the standard company kitchen is limited by diffi-culties in transporting hot food. Kitchen equipmentand personnel may be moved forward and remain closebehind their units to heat canned rations and preparehot drinks. When this is not practical, outposts, patrols,and other small groups use small gasoline stoves orindividual heating tablets.

e. Ammunition supply points frequently are movedcloser to the front. They' remain close behind the frontlines to simplify supply delivery. In selecting positionsfor weapons, ammunition supply is considered. Toreduce the ammunition haul, mortars, 'artillery, andsimilar weapons requiring heavy ammunition shouldbe located near accessible routes.

f. Rolls or packs seldom are dropped-except in acoordinated attack on a limited objective-because thelimited road net and other supply difficulties are likelyto prevent delivery. Also, this equipment is needed withthe individual because night temperatures are low.

g. Air lift may be used to supply units beyond reachof effective ground supply. Supplies are dropped orparachuted into areas marked by the forward units.For medical support in mountain warfare, see para-graph 160.

121. DESERT OPERATIONS. a. Desert operationspresent problems of transportation, concealment, andmaintenance.

b. Railways and roads seldom exist in desert terrain,and supply is by cross-country motor convoys. Move-

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ments to forward units are usually at night and arecomplicated by navigational difficulties. Although majorterrain obstacles seldom are encountered, gullies andpatches of soft or shifting sand hamper movements.Air transported supplies are used to a considerableextent.

c. The supply of water for men and vehicles pre-sents a serious problem. Water supplies are hauled orpiped from available sources. Water is usually rationedto the amounts absolutely necessary.

d. In desert terrain, when troops are operating withinthe range of hostile fighter and bombardment aircraft,the feeding methods may be changed. If it is imprac-ticable to use unit messes, each vehicle carries rationsand water for the occupants. Individuals or groupsassigned to each vehicle prepare their own food. Smalldetachment rations may be issued to other units andprepared by them.

e. Supplies of ammunition and gasoline are widely

dispersed to avoid losses by enemy fire. The amount ofammunition carried in combat vehicles is limited by

soft terrain and extended radius of operations. Basicloads are promptly refilled. Mobile stocks may be heldavailable and shifted to meet requirements of forwardunits.

f. Time and space experience factors developed inother types of terrain do not fit desert operations. Addi-tional factors include-

(1) Lack of roads.(2) Difficulty of maintaining direction.(3) Vulnerability of supply convoys and installa-

tions to attack by aircraft or mobile groundforces.

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(4) Danger of sudden sandstorms.(5) Loading difficulties caused by dispersion of

supplies.These additional items require that time and spacefactors be based on experience over the terrain used.

g. Sand increases preventive maintenance functions.Filters require particular attention, water requirementsare increased, and preventive maintenance services andinspections are intensified (see pars. 37-45).

h. Medical service in the desert is similar to that forother operations.

122. JUNGLE OPERATIONS. a. Special junglesupply conditions often determine the extent of opera-tions, the rates of movement, and the strength of forces.Because of delivery difficulties requirements are antici-pated well in advance. Careful plannning conservestransportation facilities. Supplies are supervised closelyto exclude nonessential items. The jungle affords con-cealment from air observation. Since protection ofconvoys against ambush is easier in daylight, suppliesare moved during daylight hours.

b. Hand-carry is the basic jungle transport for smallunits. If available, native labor and animals are used.

c. Air lift is important to jungle supply operations.Supplies are parachuted, free dropped, or air trans-ported to landing fields.

d. Water-borne transportation is the most economicaland often the surest means of supply. Distributingpoints are established along waterways to save trans-portation by men, animals, and vehicles.

e. Road and trail construction assumes major impor-tance, and many engineer troops are required to sup-port operations.

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f. Rations consist mainly of nonperishable items.The supply of food in small (preferably individual)containers is important where mess equipment cannotbe sterilized.

g. Ammunition supply becomes more difficult in mov-ing situations-especially where there are no water-ways or roads. Ammunition is usually broken downinto hand-carry loads.

h. Clothing, particularly shoes and socks, deterioraterapidly in tropical jungle areas. Special provision ismade for their resupply, and units carry a limitedemergency supply of shoes and socks. Demolitions andengineer supplies, cutting tools and barbed wire shouldbe made available on call.

i. Personal sanitation is mandatory to maintain fight-ing strength of units. Each man is trained in personalhygiene, antimalarial prophylaxis, sterilization ofwater, and prevention of skin diseases.

123. RETROGRADE MOVEMENTS. Ammunitionis supplied to the covering force by transfer from otherunits, or by the release of ammunition train vehicles tothe covering force commander. Ammunition require-ments are estimated to insure ample supply but not tothe extent that large amounts still have to be be aban-doned or destroyed. Delaying units secure ammunitionfrom the initial position. They also pick up limitedammunition stocks placed for them along the route ofwithdrawal or on selected delaying positions. For medi-cal procedures in retrograde movements, see para-graph 157.

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PART THREE

MEDICAL COMPANY, INFANTRYREGIMENT

CHAPTER 11

ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OFMEDICAL COMPANY PERSONNEL

Section I. INTRODUCTION

124. COMPOSITION. The medical company, infan-try regiment, consists of a company headquarters, acollecting platoon, and three battalion medical platoons.(See fig. 24.) For details of composition and equip-ment, see the current tables of organization and equip-ment. For medical service, see chapter 12.

Section II. COMPANY HEADQUARTERS

125. DUTIES OF PERSONNEL. The companyheadquarters consists of the personnel required to per-form the command and administrative duties of theunit.

a. The regimental surgeon commands the medicalcompany and is a regimental special staff officer. As a

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member of the regimental staff, he keeps his com-mander informed on the medical situation and thecapabilities of the medical company. He recommendsmeasures for the prevention of manpower loss due todisease, injury, and wounds. This includes the controlof communicable, climatic, and nutritional diseases. Hisefforts are directed to maintaining the physical fitnessof personnel. Based on the tactical plan, he makes anestimate of the medical situation and submits a medicalplan to the regimental commander. He maintains liaisonwith the division medical battalion and the divisionsurgeon. He supervises technical matters pertaining tothe medical service within the regiment, as well as thetraining of all regimental troops in basic medical sub-jects. He supervises the collection, care and treatmentof the sick and injured. He operates the medical supplysystem within the regiment, and he is responsible forthe medical records of the regiment. As commandingofficer of the medical company the regimental surgeonis responsible for the administration, discipline, training,and operation of the company. This includes operationof the company mess, the procurement, storage, anddistribution of supplies, and the maintenance of equip-ment and vehicles.

b. The administrative officer (Medical ServiceCorps) assists the regimental surgeon in the adminis-tration and operation of the company.

c. The mess, supply, and motor officer (MedicalService Corps) assists the regimental surgeon in thesupervision of the mess, supply, and motor activities.

d. The first sergeant carries out the company admin-istrative details. He is assisted by clerks and a mes-senger.

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e. The mess steward operates the company mess. Hesupervises the assistant mess steward, cooks, and messattendants.

f. The motor sergeant assists the motor officer in theoperation and supervision of the company motor ve-hicles and in motor maintenance. Drivers and automo-tive mechanics operate under the motor sergeant. Theyperform driver and company maintenance (see ch. 6).

g. The supply sergeant assists in operating the com-pany headquarters supply section. For further detailsof supply procedure, see chapter 12.

h. The liaison agent operates the company messagecenter and supervises liaison activities within the com-pany (see par. 150).

i. Filler personnel are used by the regimental sur-

geon to replace losses or to assist sections having peakloads.

Section III. COLLECTING PLATOON

126. GENERAL. The collecting platoon consists of acollecting station, a litter bearer section, and an ambu-lance section.

127. COLLECTING STATION. a. The MedicalCorps officers provide medical care for the sick andwounded. The senior medical corps officer is the pla-toon leader.

b. The platoon sergeant is in charge of the enlistedpersonnel of the collecting platoon. He assists in thecare of the casualties at the collecting station.

c. The section sergeant is in charge of the enlistedpersonnel at the collecting station, and assists in thecare of the casualties.

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d. The assistant section sergeant assists in thecare of casualties.

e. Medical and surgical technicians perform techni-cal duties appropriate to their specialties.

f. The truck drivers operate and maintain the col-lecting station vehicles.

g. The five company aid men in the collecting sta-tion are attached as follows: two company aid men tothe heavy mortar company; one to the tank company;one to the service company; and one to the tead-quarters and headquarters company (see par. 132).

128. LITTER BEARER SECTION. a. The sectionleader, a medical service corps officer, commands thelitter bearer section and makes timely recommendationsfor its employment. His section normally operates froma site near the collecting station. He maintains closesupervision of the litter bearers by personally checkingthe status of evacuation at the battalion aid stations andalong the litter evacuation routes.

b. The section sergeant assists the section leader inthe operation and supervision of the section.

c. The litter bearers of the collecting platoon evacu-ate casualties from the battalion aid stations to theregimental collecting station. Usually six of the litterbearers are qualified surgical technicians who supervisetreatment of casualties en route. They may also be usedto reinforce the litter bearers of the battalion medicalplatoon. Whenever possible, the litter bearers operatewith the ambulance section of the collecting platoon.

129. AMBULANCE SECTION. a. The sectionleader, a medical service corps officer, commands the

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ambulance section and makes recommendations for itsemployment. The section normally operates from a sitenear the collecting station. The section leader closelysupervises evacuation at the battalion aid stations. Heselects ambulance evacuation routes.

b. The section sergeant assists the section leader inthe operation of the ambulance section.

c. The truck drivers operate their vehicles to evacu-ate casualties from the battalion aid stations to theregimental collecting station. They may assist battalionmedical platoons in the evacuation of casualties who areforward of the battalion aid stations.

d. The ambulance orderlies assist in the evacuationof the casualties from the battalion aid station to theregimental collecting station. They also serve as assist-ant ambulance drivers.

Section IV. BATTALION MEDICAL PLATOON

130. GENERAL. The regimental medical companyhas three battalion medical platoons. The three platoonsare identical in organization and functions. Each pla-toon consists of a battalion aid station, company aidmen, and litter bearers, and is designed to support aninfantry battalion.

131. BATTALION AID STATION. Battalion aidstation personnel operate as follows:

a. The battalion surgeon commands the battalionmedical platoon. As a member of the battalion com-mander's staff, his duties correspond to the staff func-tions of the regimental surgeon. He bases his plans onthe tactical plan of the infantry battalion commander.

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Specifically-

(1) He makes an estimate of the situation.(2) Prepares a medical plan, assigns duties, and

establishes and operates one or more battalionaid stations.

(3) Personally treats the sick and wounded.(4) Makes continuous reconnaissance for the re-

location of aid stations.(5) Maintains contact with his battalion comman-

der and formulates medical plans as the situa-tion develops.

(6) Keeps the battalion commander informed ofthe medical situation, including medical sup-ply, and makes recommendations concerningmedical service.

(7) Keeps the regimental surgeon informed of themedical and tactical situations.

(8) Makes requests of the regimental surgeon formedical support, additional supplies and equip-ment, and help in the evacuation of casualties.

(9) Supervises measures for the prevention ofdisease and injury within his unit.

b. The medical assistant, a medical service corps of-ficer, is especially trained in emergency medical treat-ment. He assists the battalion surgeon in the care ofthe sick and wounded and in the operation of thebattalion medical platoon.

c. The platoon sergeant, who is also supply sergeant,is in charge of the enlisted personnel of the platoon.He assists in the care of casualties.

d. The medical sergeant assists in the care of casu-alties.

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e. The medical and surgical technicians receive casu-alties, sterilize instruments, administer hypodermicmedication, perform shock nursing, and assist in set-ting up or moving the station equipment.

132. COMPANY AID MEN. a. Company aid menare surgical technicians attached to the companies ofthe battalion on the basis of one per combat platoon.Their duties include emergency treatment on and offthe battlefield, and the placing of casualties in marked,protected places to await the arrival of litter bearers.The aid men direct walking wounded to the aid sta-tions. They inform the battalion surgeon of the situa-tion by messages carried by litter bearers, or in emer-gencies, by walking wounded.

b. When the time and the tactical situation permit,aid men initiate emergency tags for all wounded treatedby them. When practicable they also tag the dead andclearly rmiark the location of bodies.

133. LITTER BEARERS. The number of men in alitter team varies with the terrain and the litter haul,but generally there are four men, one of whom is asurgical technician. The team evacuates the woundedto the battalion aid station. In areas comparatively freefrom enemy fire, platoon vehicles may be used in thiswork. Vehicles are used as far forward as practicableto expedite evacuation and conserve the strength oflitter bearers. Duties of litter bearer teams include-

a. Maintaining contact with the combat elements.b. Clearing the field of casualties by removing those

who are unable to walk to the battalion aid station.c. Directing or guiding the walking wounded to the

battalion aid station.

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d. Administering emergency treatment to thewounded.

e. Assisting the battalion aid station personnel inmoving and re-establishing the aid station.

f. Acting as messengers.g. Initiating emergency medical tags for the dead

when practicable.

134. EQUIPMENT. A battalion medical platoon hasequipment for the treatment and care of sick andwounded. When vehicles cannot be used, platoon per-sonnel carry the equipment on pack boards. All ve-hicles, including trailers, can easily be converted intopatient carriers. (For detailed lists of equipment, seecurrent table of organization and equipment.)

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CHAPTER 12

COMBAT SUPPORT, MEDICALCOMPANY

Section I. MEDICAL SERVICE AND SUPPLY

135. GENERAL. The regimental medical companysupports an infantry regiment by providing medicalservice for the regiment. Dental care of the regimentis provided by the division medical battalion. Opticalservice is provided by army agencies through unit medi-cal officers.

136. MISSION. The mission of the regimental medi-cal company is to provide unit medical service. Unitmedical service includes-

a. Emergency medical treatment.b. Establishment and operation of battalion aid sta-

tions, and a collecting station.c. Reception, sorting, and temporary care of

casualties.d. Removal of casualties by litter or ambulance to

battalion aid stations, and the collecting station.e. Continuous medical care for casualties during their

evacuation.

137. GENERAL SCHEME OF EVACUATION.Company aid men give emergency medical treatment tocasualties on the battlefield and then direct the walkingwounded to the battalion aid station or predesignated

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COMPANY AID MEN|ACCOMPNY UNIT IN COMBAT

AN GIVE IMMEDIATE EMER-GENCY MEDICAL TREATMENT

TO OUNDED. --

II "~. ETINIG PCLATOON

OPERATES REGT ICOLL ST

CLOSE SUPPORT 1300 800TON) PERFORMS EVACUATION

~~~~~TO ~ AID STA Y LITTERS AND

COLLECTS WALKING WOU ND

Figure 25. Chain of medical evacuation within the regiment.

ambulance loading points; they place the seriouslywounded in marked and protected places for evacuationto the battalion aid station by litter bearers or 4-tonpatient-carrying vehicles. Casualties are treated at thebattalion station and either returned to duty or evacu-ated to the regimental collecting station by ambulanceor litter bearers (see fig. 25). Casualties occurring inthe regimental zone of action who are from units notorganically a part of the regiment may be treated andevacuated through the existing regimental facilities orthey may be evacuated directly to the division clearingstation.

Section II. BATTALION AID STATION

138. GENERAL. A battalion aid station is aninstallation for the treatment of treatment of the sick and wounded.

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It is established by a battalion medical platoon of theregimental medical company and it furnishes medicalservice for troops operating in the battalion area.

139. LOCATION. Desirable features and considera-tions for the location for a battalion aid station are-

a. Tactical operation of the unit supported.b. Expected areas of casualty density.c. Protection afforded by defilade.d. Convergence of lines of drift.e. Length of litter haul.f. Remote from military targets.g. Concealment and security.h. Protection from the elements.i. Accessible evacuation routes to the front and rear.

Prominent features or installations such as bridges,fords, important road junctions, firing positions, andsupply installations are avoided. (See fig. 26.)

140. FUNCTIONS. At the battalion aid stationcasualties requiring further evacuation are treated andprepared for transportation to the rear. There is a con-stant effort to prevent any unnecessary evacuation;casualties with minor injuries, wounds, and illnessesare given treatment'ahd returned to duty. Casualties arenot permitted to accumulate and thus impair mobility.Specific functions of a battalion aid station include:

a. Receiving and recording casualties.b. Examining and sorting casualties, and returning

the fit to duty.c. Treating casualties. (Treatment is limited to that

necessary to prepare casualties for further evacuation.)d. Preventing or treating shock.

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DO NOT LOCATE MEDICAL INSTALLATIONS-

NEAR A PROMINENT LANDMARK NEAR A FOR.

NEAR AN IMPORTANT ROAD JUNCTION NEAR A BRIDGE

NEAR AN AMMUNITION SUPPLY POINT WHERE IT Is EXPOSED TO DIRECT FIRE,

RIGHT LANK -

NEAR AN EXPOSED FLANK NEAR POSITION

Figure 26. Avoid prominent features or probable targets.

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e. Providing temporary shelter and protection forcasualties.

f. Providing temporary treatment for combat exhaus-tion cases.

g. Assisting in loading casualties on the collectingplatoon vehicles.

141. INTERNAL ARRANGEMENT. The internalarrangement of an aid station depends upon the terrain,the tactical situation, climate, and the expected casualtyrate. The aid station is divided into four sections-thereceiving section, seriously wounded section, lightlywounded section, and forwarding section. The set-up ofthese sections is not elaborate, and the battalion surgeonallocates operating personnel. The functions of receiv-ing, recording, examining, sorting, and treating and dis-posing of casualties are provided for in every situation.

Section III. COLLECTING STATION

142. GENERAL. A collecting station is the medicalinstallation where the regiment's sick and wounded arecollected and treated. It is the rearmost installation ofregimental medical service. It is established by thecollecting platoon of the medical company.

143. LOCATION. Desirable features for the loca-tion of a collecting station are-

a. Central location with respect to the battalion aidstations.

b. Defilade.c. Cover and concealment.d. Accessible to ambulances.

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Prominent terrain features and military installations areavoided when selecting a site for the collecting station(see par. 139 and fig. 26).

144. FUNCTIONS. The functions of a regimentalcollecting station include-

a. Receiving, sorting and recording casualties.b. Providing adequate treatment for casualties.c. Returning the fit to duty.d. Preparing casualties for evacuation to the rear.e. Providing treatment for combat exhaustion cases.f. Assisting in loading evacuation vehicles.g. Providing company aid men for the tank, mortar,

service, and headquarters companies.

145. ARRANGEMENT AND OPERATION. Theregimental collecting station acts as a buffer against ex-cessive loss of manpower. Whenever possible, casualtiesexpected to return to duty within a reasonable periodare held at the collecting station until their return toduty. The number and types of patients who may beheld will vary. When a considerable number of casual-ties occur, the collecting station may be set up in severalsections. (See fig. 27.) The sections of the collectingstation are as follows:

a. Receiving section. As casualties arrive at thecollecting station they are examined at the receivingsection. There they are sorted into seriously woundedand slightly wounded. Litters, blankets, and splintswhich arrive with the patients remain with them, andan equal number of these items are sent back to the aidstation by return litter bearers or ambulances. Thisreplacement of property is termed "property exchange"(see par. 167).

146

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b. Seriously wounded and slightly wounded sec-tions.

(1) Seriously wounded are taken to the seriouslywounded section; others are moved to theslightly wounded section. At the collectingstation more elaborate medical aid proceduresare possible than at the aid station. However,treatment is limited to measures necessary tosave life and prepare the casualty for furtherevacuation. Hot food and drinks, preparedat the company kitchen, are available for feed-ing as directed by a medical officer.

(2) Ordinarily the collecting platoon commanderis in charge of the slightly wounded section.This enables him to divide his time betweenprofessional treatment and his commandduties. The assistant platoon commander de-votes his full time to the seriously woundedsection. Enlisted personnel assist in eithersection. They attend cases of shock and per-form such duties as sterilizing instruments,administering plasma, and giving hypodermicinjections.

c. Gas casualty section. This section is establishedwhen necessary for the treatment of gas casualties. Itis operated by personnel detailed from the collectingplatoon. This section should be located far enoughaway from other sections of the station to prevent themfrom becoming contaminated. Personnel working in thissection wear protective clothing and gas masks. Plansare prepared in advance for equipping, establishing,and operating this section.

d. Forwarding section. After a casualty has been

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treated, an entry is made on the back of his emergencymedical tag showing treatment and disposition. He isthen sent to the forwarding section to await evacuationto the clearing station by medical battalion ambulance.Wounded not requiring further evacuation are returnedto their units. The forwarding section is operated bya noncommissioned officer who supervises the loadingand keeps an informal record of the number evacuated.Medical property accompanying casualties from thecollecting station is replaced with a like amount by thedivision medical battalion.

146. OTHER PROCEDURES. a. If the situationpermits, personnel suffering from combat exhaustionmay be held at the regimental collecting station. Theyare separated from other casualties and provided withmedication, hot food, and an adequate place to rest.Those unable to return to duty after a short period ofrest are evacuated to the clearing station for furtherobservation and treatment. All others are returned totheir units. The regimental commander is notified dailyof the number of cases of this nature being held at thecollecting station.

b. The collecting station displaces as required. Pro-longed surgical procedures are avoided so that the sta-tion can move without delay, and without beinghindered by an excessive accumulation of casualties. Ifall casualties can be evacuated promptly, the stationpersonnel pack their equipment and load it on the unitvehicles. If all casualties cannot be evacuated at once,the station is displaced by echelon. The slightly woundedsection, as the first echelon, closes, moves, and opensat the new location. This section cares for all wounded

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until the collecting station movement is complete. Theseriously wounded section continues to function at theoriginal station site until its casualties have been evacu-ated. It then moves to the new location. The sectionsof the station then move as a unit or in echelons.

Section IV. LITTER BEARER ANDAMBULANCE SECTIONS

147. FUNCTIONS. a. The function of the litterbearer and ambulance sections of the collecting platoonis to evacuate casualties from the battalion aid stationsto the collecting stations. The plan for their employmentis included in the medical plan prepared by the regi-mental surgeon. Whenever possible, evacuation of theaid stations is by ambulance. When vehicles cannotreach the aid stations, litter bearers are used to carryto loading points. Ambulances go as far forward aspracticable to evacuate from loading points.

b. Depending upon the local situation, part of or boththe litter bearer and ambulance sections may be,used toreinforce the battalion medical platoons for evacuatingthe areas forward of the battalion aid stations. Whenoperating in these forward areas, they come under thecontrol of the battalion surgeon.

c. Section leaders supervise the operation of theirsections and make necessary recommendations to theregimental surgeon. Some personnel of the litter bearersection may remain near the collecting station. Whennot actually engaged in evacuation, they assist in theoperation of the station. Drivers and assistant driversnot engaged in evacuating perform company vehicularmaintenance.

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Section V. COMPANY HEADQUARTERS

148. FUNCTIONS. The company headquartersincludes the command and administrative personnel.They establish and operate the following:

a. Command post.b. Unit mess.c. Motor park.d. Unit supply.e. Liaison.

149. COMMAND POST. A company command postis established in the vicinity of the collecting station.The command and regimental staff administrative de-

tails for which the regimental surgeon is responsibleare carried on here.

150. LIAISON. a. Liaison must be maintained dur-ing combat between the battalion aid stations and the

collecting stations to insure prompt and continuousevacuation of casualties from the aid stations by the

litter bearer and ambulance sections of the collectingplatoon. It is the dual responsibility of the regimental

and battalion surgeons to keep each other notified ofthe locations of the medical installations. Availablemeans of communication include radio, telephone,liaison agents, and written and oral messages carried

by ambulance drivers, litter bearers, and in emer-gencies, patients. (For details of medical companycommunications, see fig. 28 and par. 161.) Other than

one liaison agent, there is no organized liaison sectionin the collecting platoon. When the situation requiresadditional liaison agents, available personnel from the

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' I .RADIO..... I

I----

Figure 28. Communication within the medical company.

company headquarters or collecting platoon are used.These liaison agents accompany the battalion medicalplatoon until the aid station is established and thenreturn to the collecting station, or a predetermined pointbetween the aid and collecting station, to guide the litterbearers or ambulance drivers to the aid station site.

b. Liaison with the division medical battalion is aresponsibility of the medical battalion commander andis normally maintained by the liaison agent of the pla-toon of the ambulance company which evacuates thecollecting station.

Section VI. MEDICAL SERVICE DURINGSPECIFIC OPERATIONS

151. ROUTE COLUMN. During route column theregimental medical company may move as a unit, orthe battalion medical platoons may accompany theirrespective infantry battalions. Medical units normallymove immediately behind the marching troops they

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support. To transport. march casualties it is importantto have at least one ambulance or designated vehiclesclear of personnel and equipment. When assistance isneeded, the regimental surgeon requests additionalambulance service from the division medical battalion.Although medical support follows the troops which itsupports, it should in all cases precede maintenancevehicles and any vehicles designated to pick up routemarking personnel.

152. TACTICAL COLUMN. a. During tacticalcolumn the regimental medical company is disposed tocare for march casualties and to support tactical opera-

tions. The regimental surgeon keeps informed of thetactical plan, and accompanies the regimental staff.

b. Battalion medical platoons accompany their

battalions. The battalion surgeon moves with thebattalion command group and the company aid menwith their companies. The medical assistant, aid stationpersonnel, and litter bearers are at the rear of the

battalion. In a foot march, they march at the rear ofthe foot elements.

c. Medical vehicles carrying aid station equipment

follow the combat vehicles of the column. One ambu-lance from the collection platoon is attached to each

battalion medical platoon during the march. It evacu-

ates casualties from within the column.d. The medical company headquarters and collecting

platoon march at the rear of the regimental foot ele-ments. Vehicles of the company headquarters and the

collecting platoon move with the regimental headquar-ters company transportation.

e. The regimental surgeon may request ambulances

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from the division medical battalion to accompany themarching troops. These ambulances are employed underhis control, and are used to collect and evacuate marchcasualties. When only one divisional ambulance is withthe regiment, it accompanies the collecting platoon atthe rear of the column. If additional ambulances areavailable, one accompanies each battalion medical pla-toon. When the regiment deploys for combat, divisionambulances revert to division control.

' f. A march casualty is given treatment by a companyaid man, who rejoins the company after giving emer-gency medical treatment. Casualties able to continue themarch rejoin their units. Other sick and disabled areordinarily given permission by their squad leaders tofall out of the marching column and report to a com-pany officer. The company officer may direct thesoldier to report to a medical officer or medical assist-ant, or he may authorize the soldier to drop out of thecolumn and wait for medical help.

g. The disposition of the casualty depends upon theresults of the medical officer's examination. The soldiermay continue the march, he may be put in a medicaldepartment vehicle for later examination and disposi-tion, or he may march at the rear of the column undermedical observation. The medical officer making dis-position of the casualty informs the unit commanderof his disposition in each case. An efficient method isto forward an indorsement on the written permit pre-viously issued to the casualty by his unit commander.Casualties separated from their organizations aretagged by the medical officer. Casualties keep their armsand equipment.

h. When march casualties are numerous, march

154

collecting posts may be established and operated by thecollecting platoon of the regimental medical company.Posts are located at predetermined sites along the routeof march. A march collecting post consists of personnelequipped with litters, dressings, blankets, and otherequipment. Casualties are collected, treated and heldpending evacuation by ambulances from the divisionmedical battalion. When security elements are largethey are furnished detachments from the medical pla-toon of the battalion concerned. These medical detach-ments may be increased by personnel from the medicalcompany collecting platoon, or the division medicalbattalion.

153. APPROACH MARCH. a. In the approachmarch the location of medical units depends upon theformation used by the combat element. Usually medicalunits are in a location similar to that used during move-ment in a tactical column. Battalion medical platoonsaccompany their battalions, and company aid men theircompanies.

b. When an infantry battalion adopts a deployedformation, company aid men deploy with their respec-tive companies. Litter bearers are deployed to cover thewidening battalion front. The remainder of the medicalplatoon marches along the axis of advance. It moves ina formation similar to that of the infantry, hand carry-ing aid station equipment if necessary. The battalionsurgeon remains with the battalion command group aslong as possible to keep himself informed of the situa-tion. The remainder of the medical company continuesmarching in the formation used for the tactical column.

c. When the unit occupies an assembly area or goesinto attack positions, the disposition of medical per-

155

sonnel remains unchanged. The regimental surgeonaccompanies the regimental command group to make hisrecommendations and receive the regimental order. Hethen returns to the collecting station and issues hisorder. The battalion surgeon remains with the battalioncommander or his staff until he receives the battalionorder. The surgeon then rejoins the aid station andissues his order.

d. While in an assembly area, company aid menobtain additional supplies from the aid station, and thelitter bearers are issued litters and additional dressings.The aid station personnel remain in a state of readiness.The company headquarters and collecting platoon per-sonnel remain in readiness for forward displacement.Liaison is established with the battalion aid stations.

154. DEVELOPMENT FOR THE ATTACK.a. When the regiment deploys for the attack, the regi-mental surgeon dispatches some of the litter bearers orambulances to each aid station. The platoon transporta-tion joins its platoon, and the ambulances of the collect-ing platoon revert to regimental control.

b. Detailed orders are issued to medical personnel.The initial location of the battalion aid station is givenin the battalion order. The initial site for the collectingstation is given in the regimental order.

c. Aid station personnel move to the initial locationsof their installations. They remain mobile, and ready todisplace forward-pending the establishment of the aidstation. Reconnaisance for new forward aid stationsites is continuous.

155. MEDICAL SERVICE DURING THE AT-TACK. a. During the attack the company aid men

156

follow the leading platoons, locate the wounded, andadminister emergency treatment. The wounded areplaced in marked and protected locations. Locations ofthose unable to walk are marked to indicate their posi-tion to litter bearers. Litter bearers search the area forwounded and carry nonwalking casualties to aidstations.

b. Battalion aid stations are established at locationsindicated in the operation order. When the aid stationdisplaces forward, aid station personnel assist in thesearch for casualties. The wounded are left in a groupat the old aid station site with attendants, to be pickedup by personnel from the collecting platoon.

c. The company headquarters and the collecting sta-tion are kept mobile as long as possible. The collectingstation is set up when the operation order is received.Casualties are evacuated from the battalion aid stationsby collecting platoon litter bearers or ambulances.Evacuation service is continuous, and casualties are notallowed to accumulate at battalion aid stations.

d. In separate companies of the regiment, companyaid men administer emergency medical treatment andarrange transportation to the nearest medical installa-tion. Since the separate units are all motorized, litterbearers are seldom used. Transportation is by unitvehicles, or by ambulances called from the collectingplatoon.

e. The division medical battalion evacuates continu-ously-keeping the collecting station free to move for-ward. Casualties occurring in the rear portion of theregimental zone of action are evacuated by collectingplatoon personnel.

f. The medical company headquarters is established

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near the collecting station. Liaison with battalion aidstations is maintained throughout the operation.

g. Medical battalion ambulances may evacuate frombattalion aid stations through the collecting station tothe division clearing station. Collecting stations are notby-passed, even though medical battalion ambulancesmay be evacuating battalion aid stations. Vehicles stopat collecting stations to prevent evacuation of thosecasualties who can be treated there and returned toduty. Ambulances from the collecting platoon evacuatebattalion aid stations whenever the tactical situation andthe terrain permit. They are sometimes used forward ofthe battalion aid station to shorten the litter carry.

h. Battalion surgeons keep the regimental surgeoninformed of the tactical and the medical situations. Theregimental surgeon maintains supervision over themedical service throughout the operation. He keeps thedivision surgeon informed of the regimental medicalsituation.

156. MEDIAL SERVICE DURING THE DE-FENSE. a. In defensive situations the battalionmedical platoons of the front line regiment are dug inand as well established as the defensive positions ofthe infantry battalion which is being supported. Thebattalion aid station generally is located farther to therear than in the attack, to avoid being involved in minorpenetrations. It is located to the rear of the reservecompany.

b. The collecting station of a front line regiment islocated farther to the rear than in the attack. It islocated to the rear of the reserve battalion.

c. If the regiment is in reserve, the battalion medical

158

platoons and the collecting platoon remain mobile. Inall cases the employment of the medical unit mustparallel the employment of the unit being supported.

157. DURING RETROGRADE MOVEMENTS.In all types or retrograde movements battalion aid sta-tions and the collecting station displace rearward bybounds. Temporary aid stations and regimental collect-ing points are established along the avenues of rear-ward movement. Available transportation is used toevacuate the wounded to prevent their capture. Thecollecting platoon may be called upon to furnish litterbearer or ambulance reinforcements for the battalionmedical platoons. The division ambulance companyevacuates promptly all casualties from the regimentalcollecting points. If it is necessary to abandon wounded,personnel and supplies from the medical company areleft with them under protection of the Red Cross flag.The decision to abandon casualties is a commanddecision.

158. MEDICAL SERVICE IN TRAIN BIVOUAC.One company aid man from the collecting platoon isattached to the service company to furnish emergencymedical treatment. Evacuation of the sick and woundedfrom the train bivouac may be accomplished by anyavailable ambulance or by use of service companytransportation. Evacuation should be to the nearestmedical installation. The service company commanderis responsible for knowing the location of medical in-stallations and arranging for evacuation. Medicalinstallations which may be located in the vicinity of thetrain bivouac include the division clearing station,

159

artillery battalion aid stations, engineer battalion aidstations, or regimental collecting stations.

159. IN CAMP OR BIVOUAC. In camp or bivouacthe regimental medical company functions as a unit,and establishes a regimental dispensary. When the unitsof the regiment are widely scattered, separate battaliondispensaries are set up. Arrangements are made forevacuation by the division ambulance company.

160. DURING SPECIAL OPERATIONS. a. Theregimental medical company supports the regiment inspecial operations, such as jungle, mountain, and arcticwarfare. It often is reinforced for such missions. Ad-ditional personnel and equipment are obtained from thedivision medical battalion, or from corps and armymedical units. At times combat troops may have to beused to aid or replace litter bearers. The use of combattroops for medical evacuation purposes is a commanddecision.

b. Medical service is stressed in special operations.Casualties are usually in poor physical condition andmust be treated under adverse conditions. Since evacua-tion is slow and laborious, greater dependence is placedon the company aid men and battalion aid stations.Litter relay posts may be established for evacuationover long distances when casualties are heavy. Companyaid men are trained carefully. They should be qualifiedin the sorting of casualties. They keep a small amountof supplies in their company areas, as casualties mayhave to wait for prolonged periods before they can beevacuated. The battalion aid station is prepared to holdcasualties longer than for usual operations.

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Section VII. COMMUNICATIONS, ADMINIS-TRATION, AND OTHER ACTIVITIES

161. COMMUNICATIONS. a. Regimental medicalcompany communications include messages carried byambulance drivers and litter bearers, messages sentthrough message center, and wire and radio messages.

b. Messages are carried from company aid mento the battalion surgeon by litter bearers, and in emer-gencies, by walking wounded. Similarly, the battalionsurgeon sends messages to the regimental surgeon bylitter bearers and ambulances.

c. The communication equipment of the medicalcompany includes telephones, which provide communi-cation between the battalion and regimental surgeons.Commanders include medical installations in their wirenet.

d. The battalion medical platoon radio is used pri-marily to communicate with the battalion commandpost. Messages received at the battalion command postare relayed to the medical company headquartersthrough the regimental command net. Sometimes specialfrequencies are assigned to the battalion medical pla-toon radio. This enables front line companies to com-municate directly with the battalion aid station formedical assistance. All personnel are trained to operatethe radios employed.

e. The medical company headquarters radio may beoperated in the regimental administrative or commandnet. One of the truck drivers of the company head-quarters is designated as a radio-telephone operator,but all personnel receive instructions in its operation.(See fig. 28.)

161

162. MAINTENANCE. The motor officer operatesa motor park near the collecting station. He is assistedby the motor sergeant, mechanics, and drivers. Com-pany level maintenance is performed on all vehicles,and periodic inspections are made to keep vehicles ingood operating condition. Individual drivers are con-tinually supervised to see that they carry out theirmaintenance operations. Repairs beyond the capabilitiesof the medical company mechanics are referred to theservice company truck maintenance section. (See pars.37-45.) Other medical equipment is maintained by sup-porting medical maintenance units.

163. DISPOSITION OF ARMS AND EQUIP-MENT. Patients ordinarily retain their individualweapons until they arrive at the regimental collectingstations. Weapons are collected here from patients whoare to be evacuated. The regimental S-4 is responsiblefor the prompt removal of these weapons from thecollecting station. Patients evacuated from the regi-mental area retain certain equipment and personaleffects. These items are listed in standing operatingprocedure and usually include mess equipment, helmets,and personal effects.

164. COMPANY MESS. A kitchen is operated bythe mess personnel of the company headquarters. It isordinarily located adjacent to the regimental collectingstation. The kitchen prepares hot food for patients andfor the members of the company who are on duty atthe collecting station. Personnel of the battalion medi-cal platoons attached to infantry battalions eat with theunits to which they are attached.

162

165. ADMINISTRATION. Regimental medicalcompany headquarters personnel perform administrativefunctions for their company, and for the regimentalsurgeon. Administrative functions performed for themedical company include disciplinary measures, pro-motions, records, pay, and similar matters. In thesematters the duties and responsibilities of the medicalcompany commander are the same as those of any othercompany commander. Administrative functions per-formed by the regimental surgeon include correspon-dence and the following medical reports and records forwhich the surgeon is responsible:

a. A patient's roster is prepared by each battalionaid station and regimental collecting station. It lists all

sick and wounded treated, and shows their disposition.These rosters are used by the surgeon as a source of in-formation for the preparation of his casualty reports.

b. A sanitary report is submitted periodically to theregimental commander (see AR 40-275).

c. An emergency medical tag is initiated for eachwounded or sick casualty by the first medical depart-ment soldier to see the patient. The tag is completedand signed by the first medical officer who treats thepatient. Insofar as practicable, the company aid menand litter bearers also should fill out emergency medi-cal tags for the dead.

d. A statistical health report usually is submittedweekly. It may be required daily.

e. A report of the sick and wounded is submittedmonthly.

f. Other reports on diseases are submitted asrequired.

163

166. SUPPLY. Supplies, except medical items, aresecured in the same manner as provided for other ele-ments of the regiment. Battalion surgeons and thesection leaders keep the regimental surgeon informedof the status of their equipment, and their supplyrequirements.

167. MEDICAL SUPPLY. a. When not in combat,medical supplies are obtained in the same manner andthrough the same channels as other supplies. The regi-mental S-4 may request the regimental surgeon toassist him in checking medical items on the consolidatedregimental requisition.

b. In combat, medical supplies are obtained in-formally and in the most expeditious manner. Ordi-narily, informal requisitions are submitted through thechain of evacuation. Battalion aid stations use litterbearers and ambulances to carry their informal requeststo the regimental collecting station. Aid stations receivesupplies by these same means on their return trip. Asmall reserve of medical supplies for the battalion aidstations is maintained at the collecting station. Thesesupplies and those used by the collecting station itselfare obtained by informal requisitions to the divisionmedical supply point. The medical battalion ambulanceswhich evacuate the regimental collecting station carrythe informal requisitions and deliver the supplies ontheir return trip. When the ambulance service is irregu-lar, the regimental surgeon may send a vehicle to securesupplies from the division medical supply point.Installations of the regimental medical company avoidaccumulating large quantities of surplus supplies whichwould impair their mobility.

164

c. Property is exchanged on medical items accom-panying patients being evacuated. Exchange items in-clude litters, blankets, and splints. The exchange ismade by a trade for like items at the medical installa-tion which next receives the patient. This procedurekeeps adequate quantities of these items at forward-medical installations.

165

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PART FOUR

SERVICE AND MEDICALCOMPANIES, AIRBORNE INFANTRY

REGIMENT

CHAPTER 13

ORGANIZATION, DUTIES, ANDOPERATIONS OF THE AIRBORNE

SERVICE COMPANY

168. COMPOSITION. The service company, air-borne infantry regiment, consists of a companyheadquarters, a regimental administration platoon,and a regimental service platoon. (See fig. 29.)When an airborne infantry regiment is operatingseparately, the division reinforces it with personnelfrom the parachute maintenance company. For detailsof organization, equipment, armament, and transporta-tion see current tables of organization and equipment.Generally the functions of the airborne service com-pany are the same as the service company of an infan-try regiment. Duties in the company are the same asthose for corresponding personnel in the infantry regi-ment service company.

169. COMPANY HEADQUARTERS. Service com-pany headquarters of the airborne infantry regimentincludes the regimental S-4, the company commander,

167

and personnel who assist in the control and administra-tion of the company.

170. REGIMENTAL ADMINISTRATION PLA-TOON. The administration platoon is composed ofa personnel section, a graves registration section, and asupply section.

171. REGIMENTAL SERVICE PLATOON. Theregimental service platoon is composed of a platoonheadquarters, a support company section, a mainte-nance section, a headquarters company section, andthree battalion sections.

172. MISSION. The airborne service company pro-vides combat support for the airborne regiment, in thesame manner as the service company of an infantryregiment.

173. GENERAL. Initially the supply of airborneoperations differs, in some respects, from the supply ofusual ground offensive operations. The system of sup-ply must be established simultaneously with the conductof assault operations. Detailed planning prior to andduring the marshalling of troops is mandatory. Supplyrequirements are estimated carefully to insure that theywill be adequate to support the operation. The timingand method of delivery of supplies are made a part ofthe tactical planning. This insures that supplies are onhand when required. It avoids burdening tactical ele-ments with unnecessary supplies or unnecessary admin-istrative responsibilities.

174. TYPES OF SUPPLY. In planning airborneoperations, supplies of all classes are divided into three

168

echelons. These are accompanying supplies, unit airsupply, and replenishment supply.

a. Accompanying supplies are the supplies of allclasses carried by units or individuals through the air-head. These supplies are dropped with the parachuteelements, or landed with the glider elements of theassault force. Accompanying supplies are in sufficientquantity to support the initial missions. These supplies,except those carried by the individuals or combat-loadedon vehicles, are moved to battalion and regimental sup-ply points. Initially the supply points will be located inthe vicinity of the drop and landing zones. The suppliesare delivered from supply points to troops, by pro-cedures similar to those of normal ground offensiveoperations.

b. Unit air supply is that supply delivered directlyto assault airborne forces by free drop, parachute,glider, or powered aircraft. Ordinarily, several dayswill elapse before powered aircraft can land suppliesin the airhead, or before friendly forces link up withthe airhead. Initially, unit air supply is on an automaticbasis. When communication with the rear base becomesreliable, delivery shifts to an on call basis. Supplies arelanded in drop and landing zones as designated by thesenior commander participating in the airborne opera-tion. Supplies landed in a regimental area are recoveredby personnel designated by the regimental commander.After recovery, all supplies follow normal distributionprocedures. Unit air supply is usually packaged on thebasis of one day's maintenance for the unit concerned.

c. Replenishment supplies are those supplies trans-ported to an airhead for delivery to corps or army

169

supply points in the maintenance area; they includedaily maintenance and reserve build up.

175. PLANS. a. Instructions from higher com-manders contain information on the quantity and typeof accompanying supplies to be requisitioned and drawnfor units going into combat. The quantity and type de-pend upon the initial combat requirements, the carryingcapacity of the aircraft to be used, the availability ofaircraft for early logistical support by air drop orglider landing, and the availability of supply by eitherair-landed or normal ground means. Special equipmentand supplies and substitution of equipment are normallynecessary for airborne operations.

b. The tactical situation directly affects the supplyplan of the regiment. The following factors are con-sidered in supply planning: the disposition of the regi-ment on the drop and landing zones, the expected timeinterval between the beginning of the assault phase andthe contact with friendly ground troops, and the par-ticular mission of the regiment in the assault phase.

c. The supply plan must support the followingphases of an airborne operation: base camp, marshallingarea, and combat.

(1) Base camp plans include requisition and dis-tribution of supplies, substitution of weaponsand vehicles, storage of baggage and equip-ment, plans for the land echelon and accom-panying supplies, show-down inspections, andpreparation of aerial delivery containers.

(2) Marshalling area plans include the movementof troops, equipment, and supplies to the mar-shalling camps; final preparation for combat;

170

and loading into aircraft ready for the take-off. One of the principal seirvice companyfunctions during marshalling is the prepara-tion of accompanying supplies for parachutedrop and air landings.

(3) Combat plans include recovery and distribu-tion of accompanying supplies; receipt, re-covery, and distribution of unit air supply;receipt, classification, storage, and distributionof replenishment supplies; the receipt ofaccompanying supplies in the follow-upechelon; and plans for the recovery and dis-tribution of captured enemy supplies.

176. TRANSPORTATION. Throughout the assaultphase of the operation the regimental supply system ishandicapped by the limited personnel and vehicles. Thebulk of the supplies and vehicles accompany the follow-up echelon. Usually, only a few of the service companypersonnel accompany the regimental S-4 in the assaultechelon. Vehicles in the assault phase are limited innumber and size by the availability and capacity of theaircraft to be landed. When possible, airborne unitsuse captured vehicles unitl the follow-up echelon hasjoined the regiment. All captured vehicles are placedunder the supervision and control of the regimentalS-4. These vehicles are inspected, serviced, and putinto good operational condition before being used.Sufficient mechanics to repair, service, and maintainorganic and captured vehicles accompany the assaultechelon. Schools for repairing, servicing, and main-taining captured vehicles are conducted before an'operation.

171

177. SUPPLY. During an airborne assault, supplyis entirely by air. Supply is accomplished by parachutedelivery, free fall delivery, or glider delivery, until theairhead permits air landing of supplies by powered air-craft. It may be the responsibility of the regimentalS-4 to mark the drop and landing zones for all types ofdelivery. If delivery is by parachute or free fall, theS-4 is charged with the recovery, collection, and evacua-tion of the parachutes and equipment containers. Per-sonnel from the division parachute maintenance com-pany may accompany the assault echelon to accomplishthis mission. The S-4 usually is charged with collectingsupplies from the regimental drop and landing zonesand moving them to the regimental supply points.

178. ASSAULT ECHELON. Service company per-sonnel who normally go with the assault force are regi-mental S-4, munitions officer, ammunition sergeant,supply sergeant, record clerk, truck drivers, automotivemechanics, ammunition handlers, utility repairmen, andgraves registration personnel. The remainder of the ser-vice company personnel, except those staying in thebase camp, accompany the follow-up echelon into theassault area. Personnel remaining in the base campusually include the personnel section.

179. SALVAGE AND CAPTURED MATERIAL.Except for samples of new enemy weapons or equip-ment which are needed for intelligence purposes, airevacuation of salvage and captured enemy material isnot normally done. Economy requires the recovery andmaximum use of salvage and captured material.

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CHAPTER 14

ORGANIZATION, DUTIES, ANDOPERATIONS OF THE AIRBORNE

MEDICAL COMPANY

180. COMPOSITION. a. The medical company ofthe airborne regiment is composed of a company head-quarters, a collecting platoon, and three battalion medi-cal platoons. (See fig. 30.) For details of organization,equipment, and transportation, see current tables oforganization and equipment.

b. The duties of the airborne medical company per-

MEDICAL COMPANYINFANTRY REGIMENT

AIRBORNE

COMEANY C CTNG I

IS1~AND AMBULANCE

HEADUARERSPLATOON PLATOON

SECTION

Figure 30. Composition of medical company, airborne infantryregiment.

173

sonnel are the same as the duties of correspondingpersonnel in an infantry regiment.

181. MISSION. The mission of the medical companyis to provide unit medical service by-

a. Providing emergency medical treatment.

b. Establishing and operating aid stations, and acollecting station for reception, sorting, and temporarycare of casualties.

c. Removing casualties by litter or ambulance tobattalion aid stations and the collecting station.

d. Providing medical care for patients duringevacuation.

182. ASSAULT ECHELON. a. Regimental medicalcompany personnel who normally accompany theassault force are the regimental surgeon, first sergeant,and a messenger; the collecting platoon less the assist-ant platoon leader; and the battalion medical platoons.The number of vehicle drivers accompanying the assaultforce is determined by the number of vehicles forwhich assault aircraft are provided. The battalion medi-cal platoons accompany their respective battalions, eachplatoon including a liaison agent from the collecting pla-toon. The battalion medical platoons may also be rein-forced by litter bearers from collecting platoons.

b. The remainder of the medical company, with theexception of the base camp personnel, accompany thefollow-up echelon into the airhead. Only sufficient com-pany aid men to care for the base camp personnel, anda personnel records clerk, remain in the base camparea.

174

183. EVACUATION. a. In airborne operation closebehind enemy front lines, normal ground evacuationand hospitalization procedures may be possible shortlyafter contact with friendly forces is made. Where theairhead is to be located a great distance behind enemylines, all evacuation of casualties is by air for an in-definite period. In planning for an airborne operation,the medical company commander considers the lengthof time before friendly ground contact will be made,and the availability of evacuation by air. His plansmust include the holding of casualties in the unit medi-cal installations until friendly ground contact is madeor air landing operations permit evacuation. For anisolated unit, evacuation may be accomplished initiallyby glider pick-up, by helicopter, or by liaison type air-craft.

b. The regimental medical installations are initiallynear the center of the objective area and close to thelanding zone. After a forward airfield has been estab-lished in the airhead, evacuation may be accomplished byaircraft. Aircraft arriving with supplies at a forwardairfield may be converted into ambulance aircraft forthe return trip. After friendly ground forces are con-tacted, or when the airhead has been expanded suffi-ciently to permit the establishment of corps or armymedical service, evacuation and hospitalization proce-dures are similar to those for other ground combat.

184. SUPPLY. The medical company normally takesenough supplies into an airhead to last for three days.Until ground contact with friendly forces has beenestablished, the medical company depends upon aerialdelivery of medical supplies.

175

185. TRANSPORTATION. The medical companyis handicapped by lack of transportation, until thefollow-up echelon joins the regiment, and ambulancesor other vehicles can be brought in. For an airborneassault the transportation usually will be limited to1/4-ton trucks and 1/4-ton trailers. Other transportationis air-landed after an airhead or forward airstrip hasbeen established.

176

APPENDIX I

REFERENCES

1. MILITARY TERMS.

TM 20-205, Dictionary of the United States ArmyTerms.

Dictionary of United States Military Terms for JointUsage.

2. LIST OF TRAINING PUBLICATIONS.

See the SR 310-20 series, and FM 21-6.

3. TRAINING FILMS, FILM STRIPS, ANDFILM BULLETINS.

FM 21-7, List of War Department Films, Film Strips,and Recognition Film Slides.

4. TRAINING AIDS.

FM 21-8, Military Training Aids.

5. OTHER INFANTRY UNITS.

FM 7-10, Rifle Company, Infantry Regiment.FM 7-15, Heavy Weapons Company, Infantry Regi-

ment.FM 7-20, Infantry Battalion.FM 7-25, Headquarters Company, Rifle Regiment.FM 7-35, Tank Company, Infantry Regiment.

177

FM 7-37, Heavy Mortar Company, Infantry Regi-ment.

FM 7-40, Rifle Regiment.

6. VEHICLE OPERATION AND MAINTE-NANCE.

AR 700-105, Motor Vehicles.FM 25-10, Motor Transport.TM 10-466, Handling Petroleum Products.TM 21-300, Driver Selection Training and Super-

vision. Wheeled Vehicles.TM 21-305, Driver's Manual.TM 21-306, Manual for the Full-Track Vehicle Driver.TM 37-2810, Motor Vehicles Inspection and Preven-

tive. Maintenance Services.TM 38-650, Basic Maintenance Manual.

7. MEDICAL SERVICE.

AR 40-275, Sanitary Reports.AR 40-1005, Reports, Returns and Records.FM 8-10, Medical Service of Field Units.FM 21-10, Miltary Sanitation.FM 21-11, First Aid for Soldiers.TM 8-220, Medical Department Soldier's Handbook.

8. FOOD SERVICE.

TM 5-637, Inspections and Preventive MaintenanceServices for Kitchen Equipment.

TM 10-205, Mess Management and Training.TM 10-400, Stoves, Ranges, Ovens, and Cooking Out-

fits.TM 10-701, Range, Field M-1937.

178

9. COMMUNICATION.

FM 7-24, Communication in the Infantry Division.FM 24-18, Radio Communication.FM 24-20, Field Wire Technique.

10. SPECIAL OPERATIONS.

FM 31-25, Desert Operations.FM 31-40, Supply by Air in Combat Operations.

-FM 70-10, Mountain Operations.FM 70-15, Operations in Snow and Extreme Cold.FM 72-20, Jungle Warfare.

11. MISCELLANEOUS.

FM 5-15, Field Fortifications.FM 5-20, Camouflage, Basic Principles.FM 5-31, Land Mines and Booby Traps.FM 9-6, Ammunition Supply.FM 10-5, Quartermaster Operations.FM 10-63, Graves Registration.FM 21-5, Military Training.FM 21-15, Individual Clothing and Equipment.FM 21-25, Elementary Map and Aerial Photograph

Reading.FM 21-30, Conventional Signs, Military Symbols and

Abbreviations.FM 21-40, Defense Against Chemical Attack.FM 30-30, Recognition, Pictorial Manual, Aircraft.FM 30-40, Recognition, Pictorial Manual, Armored

Vehicles.FM 100-5, Operations.FM 100-10, Administration.

179

FM 100-15, Large Units.TM 10-260, Quartermaster Salvage, Theater of Op-

erations.TM 12-252, The Army Clerk.TM 12-255, Administrative Procedures.

180

APPENDIX II

TRAINING

1. GENERAL. The purpose of this appendix is tooutline the basic principles to be observed in trainingservice and medical company elements to perform theirmission of combat support.

2. PREVIOUS TRAINING. All personnel assignedto these companies will have completed individual, basic,and unit basic training before joining a unit.

3. TRAINING OBJECTIVES. a. The training ob-jectives are to make the individual proficient as asoldier, to make the company proficient as a unit, andto train each individual in his military occupationalspecialty.

b. Common subjects to be given all members of thecompany are included in training programs to insureproficiency of the individual as a soldier, and as a mem-ber of the company. This training is terminated by atest phase to measure the proficiency attained.

c. Technical training is given to platoons, sections,and functional groups of the company. During thistraining the soldier is trained in his military occupa-tional specialty as a member of a team. This isaccomplished by on-the-job training and by instructionin the proper performance of his duties. Technical

181

training is terminated by field exercises as a part of atactical unit during which the individual, the functionalgroup, and the company are tested and perfected in theperformance of their functions under simulated combatconditions.

4. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION. a. Training isconducted in accordance with the principles discussedin FM 21-5, TM 21-250, and appropriate trainingfilms. Instruction, whether classroom or on-the-jobtraining, is carefully prepared in an understandable andinteresting manner. Instructors study the methods ofpresentation as well as the subject matter itself. Train-ing is carefully scheduled. When only part of a groupuses a facility, training is scheduled concurrently inother subjects.

b. Training schedules and lesson plans include de-tails for arms, training aids, text references, facilities,and the equipment. The application of prior training tocurrent instruction is stressed. Instruction in a com-pleted subject is applied concurrently with latertraining.

5. INSTRUCTORS. Instructors, both officers andenlisted men, must know the basic principles of armyinstructional methods. Instructor training courses areconducted in order to maintain high standards ofinstruction.

6. RECORDS AND REPORTS. Progress recordsmay be kept showing the status of training for eachindividual. Training status reports are submitted as

182

directed. They should be accurate, complete, and reflectthe true unit training status.

7. SUPERVISION. The quality and thoroughnessof training is directly proportionate to the amount ofactive and personal supervision by. company officers.When appropriate, on-the-spot corrections are made.

8. SUPPLY CONSCIOUSNESS. Training andsupervision of all personnel in conservation and mainte-nance of equipment is continuous. Emphasis is placedon-

a. Care, use, and maintenance of equipment issuedto individuals.

b. Training and supervision in the methods of stor-age, handling, issue, and salvage This includes canton-ment areas, as well as in the field.

c. Maintaining necessary records.d. The importance of keeping on hand only author-

ized supplies.

9. SERVICE COMPANY TRAINING PRO-GRAM. The following training program is a guideonly. It is intended to furnish an outline of thesubjects which may be included in unit trainingschedules. It is based on a 480-hour training period.The first 288 hours are devoted to common subjects forthe entire company. The final 192 hours are devoted totechnical training for specialists. The hours listed area guide only, and the subjects can be varied to fit thetraining program.

183

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10. MEDICAL COMPANY TRAINING PRO-GRAM. This program is intended to furnish an out-line of subject matter which should be included intraining schedules. It is based on a 480 hour trainingperiod. The first 288 hours are devoted to commonsubjects for the entire company. The final 192 hoursare devoted to technical and tactical training of the unitspecialists and functional groups. Hours listed hereinare given AS A GUIDE ONLY, and subjects includedshould be varied to fit the training program of theregiment as a whole. Available training films and otherinstructional aids should be utilized to maximumadvantage.

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INDEX

Paragraph Page

Abandoning vehicles ............... 45 54Accompanying supplies:

Airborne operations ........... 174 168Classes included ............... 2 1

Activities, maintenance ............ 5 8Administration, medical company ... 165 163Administration platoon:

Airborne service company ...... 170 168Infantry regiment ............ 64-67 73

Administrative:Clerk, service company head-

quarters .................... 63 71Officers, medical .............. 125 133Orders ....................... 2, 59 1,66Records ...................... 4 4

Administrative units as combattroops .......................... 105 107

Advance to contact:Combat support during ......... 107 110Medical support during ........ 152 153

Agent liaison ..................... 150 151Aid men .......................... 127, 132 135, 139Aid station:

Battalion ..................... 155, 157 156, 159Liaison with .................. 150 151Reconnaissance for ............ 154 156Rest periods .................. 115 120

Airborne medical company ......... 180-182 173Airborne operations:

Assault echelon ............... 178 172

212

Paragraph Page

Airborne operations (Continued):Evacuation ................... 183 175General considerations ........ 173 168Medical supply .............. .. 184 175Plans ........................ 175 170Salvage and captured material.. 179 172Supply ....................... 177 172Transportation ................ 176 171

Airborne service company .......... 168-179 167Air lift, special operations ........ 120-122 127Ambulance:

Attack ....................... 155 156Orderlies ..................... 129 136Property exchange ........... 167 164Section ....................... 129, 147 136, 150Service ....................... 151-157 152Tactical column ............... 152 153

Ammunition (see also Class V sup-ply):

Basic loads, defined ............ 32 41Bearers ....................... 97,99 98, 104Control ...................... 33 43Destruction ................... 52 60Division ammunition office ...... 35 45Individual reserves ............ 118 123Placed on position ............. 114 118Procurement ................. 35 45Replaced during rest periods ... 115 120Replenishment ................ 36 45During attack ................ 112 115Sergeant ..................... 69, 73 76, 78Supply during defense .......... 114 118Supply of:Heavy weapons company ....... 36,98 45, 101

Mortar company .......... 36, 99 45, 104Other companies ......... 101 106Rifle company ............ 36, 97 45, 98Tank companies .......... 36, 100 45, 104

Train ........... ......... . .76 79

213

Paragraph Page

Ammunition (Continued):Status reports ................ 33 43Supply plans .................. 54 62

Ammunition supply:Amphibious operations ........ 118 123Delaying units ................ 123 131In defense .................... 114 118In offense .................... 112 115In rapidly moving situations .... 112 115Jungle operations .............. 122 130Mountain operations .......... 120 127Principles .................... 32 41Retrograde movements ........ 123 131

Ammunition supply points:Army ........................ 35,112 45,115Battalion ..................... 36, 93, 112 45, 97, 115Company ......... ........... 99, 100, 101, 104, 106, 115

112Regiment ..................... 36, 59, 82, 45, 66, 89,

118, 120, 121 123, 127, 128Amphibious operations ............ 118 123Animals, pack, mountain operations. 120 127Approach march:

Covered ...................... 111 114Medical service .............. . 153 155Support during ............... 110 113Uncovered .............. 1...... 110 113

Arms. (See Weapons.)Arrangement, interior of:

Company supply area .......... 97 98Train bivouac area ............ 81 83

Assembly area, medical service in... 153 155Supply action in ............... 111 114

Assembly area, support in ......... 111 114Attached elements, supply of ...... 14, 16 19, 23Attachments:

Feeding ...................... 112 115Supply convoys ............... 109 111

214

Paragraph Poge

Attack ........................... 112 115Medical service during ......... 155 156

Auto parts clerk ................... 71 77Automobile mechanic .......... 37, 39, 43, 49, 53, 71,

63, 71, 84, 77, 90, 96,90, 125, 162, 133, 162,168

171

Baggage ..................... 77 80Base camp:

Airborne medical company ..... 182 174Airborne service company ..... 169 167

Base camp' plans, airborne operations 175 170Base maintenance ................. 41 53Basic load ........................ 32 41

Replenishment ................ 112 115Basic training, regimental medical

company ......................... App. I 177Bath section, location of ............ 81, 115 83, 120Battalion:

Combat support ............... 88-95 93Medical platoon ............... 16, 130, 133 23, 137, 139Section, airborne service com-

pany ....................... 171 168Section, infantry service com-

pany ....................... 75 78Supply responsibilities ......... 8 11

Battalion aid station ............... 131, 138-141 137, 142Attack ....................... 155 156Defense ...................... 156 158Development of the attack ..... 154 156Liaison ......... .............. 150 151Organization ................. 130 137Personnel and duties ........... 131 137

Battalion medical platoon .......... 130-134 137Approach march .............. 153 155Defense ...................... 156 158Tactical column .............. 152 153

Battalion surgeon ................. 131,153, 155 137, 155, 156

215

Paragraph Page

Battlefield salvage and evacuation.. 47 56Beach reserves, amphibious opera-

tions ........................... 118 123Bugler, service company ............ 63 71Burials (see also Graves registra-

tion) ........................... 50 58

Camp or bivouac, medical service... 159 160Captured material ................. 51, 54 60, 62Casualties:

Combat exhaustion ............ 146 149Decision to abandon ........... 157 159During tactical action .......... 151, 160 152, 160Roster of .................... 146 149Seriously wounded ............ 146 149Treatment .................... 140, 145, 155 143, 146, 156

Casualty lists ..................... 165 163Certificate of loss or damage ....... 22 33Chaplains assistants ............... 65 74Chemical:

Class II items ................. 20 31Class V items ................. 32 41

Chief mechanic ................... 71 77Chlorination of water .............. 19 28Class I supply (see also Rations)... 12-19 15

Battalion, point ............... 92 96Plans ......................... 54 62Regimental point .............. 81 83Special operations ............ 118, 122 123, 130

Class I supply of units:Headquarters ................. 101 106Heavy weapons ............... 98 101Medical ...................... 102, 164 106, 162Mortar ....................... 99 104Rifle ......................... 97 98Service ....................... 102 106Tank ........................ 100 104

Class II and IV supply ........... 20, 23, 83 31, 34,90Allowances ................... 20 31

216

Paragraph Page

Class II and IV supply (Continued):Engineer .......... ........... 24 35Medical ........... ........... 25 35Plans ........................ 54 62Signal .......................... 26 36

Class III supply ................... 27 37Conservation ............. .... 30 38During movement ............. 30 38Plans ........................ 54 62Procurement .............. .... 28 37Requisition for ............... 29 37Reserves of .................. 28 37

Class III supply of units:Headquarters company ........ 101 106Heavy weapons company ...... 98 101Medical company ............. 103 106Mortar company ............ .. 99 104Rifle company ................ 97 98Service company .............. 102 106Tank company ................ 100 104

Class III supply point:Army ........................ 28 37Battalion ..................... 93 97Company ..................... 30 38Regimental ................... 30, 81, 83 38, 83, 90Tank company ................ 30, 83, 101 38, 90, 106

Class V supply (see also Ammuni-tion):

Basic loads ................... 32 41Control ...................... 33, 34 43, 44Definition .................... 32 41General ...................... 32 41Plans ........................ 54 62Required supply .............. 33 43

Class V supply of units:Headquarters company ........ 34, 97 44, 98Heavy weapons company ...... 36,98 45,101Medical company ............. 103 106Mortar company ........... ... 34, 99 44, 104

217

Paragraph PageClass V supply of units (Continued):

Procurement .............. 35 45Rifle company . ......... 36, 97 45, 98Service company .............. 34 44Tank company ................ 34 44Transportation ................ 34 44

Clearing station ................... 145 -146Clerk(s):

Auto parts ................... 71 77Graves registration ............ 66, 178 74, 172Personnel section ............. 65 74Supply section ................ 67 74

Clothing (see also Supply, class II). 20 31Exchange of rest periods ....... 115 120Jungle operations ............. 122 130

Cold weather operations, supply of.. 119 126Collecting platoon ................. 126-129 135

Employment in tactical opera-tions ....................... 151, 160 152, 160

Litter bearer and ambulance sec-tions ....................... 147 150

Collecting points:Battalion, for dead, salvage, sur-

plus, and captured material.. 81, 84, 94 83, 90, 97Collecting station . .......... 142-146 145

Attack ....................... 155 156Defense ...................... 156 158Employment in tactical opera-

tions ....................... 151, 160 152, 160Liaison ....................... 150 151Personnel and duties .......... 127 135

Cold weather operations ............ 119 126Combat exhaustion ................ 146 149Combat plans, airborne ....... 175 170Combat support:

Agencies .................... 80 83During operations ......... 107-123 110Medical company ......... 135-167 141Mission of .................... 78 82

218

Paragraph Page

Combat support (Continued):

Plans .................. 79 82

Operation of system for:

Battalion ................. 88-95 93

Company .............. ... 97, 103 98, 106

Regimental .............. 80, 87 83, 91

Combat support, responsibilities of

regimental staff ................ 79 82

Combat support system ............. 96-102 98

Combat train ..................... 77 80

Commanding officer, medical com-

pany ........................... 125 133

Command post:Medical company ............. 148, 149 151

Medical units to battalion ...... 161 161

Service company .............. 81 83

Communication:Battalion area ........... ..... 95 98

Equipment repair ............. 46 56

Included in standing operating

procedure .................. 59 66

Medical company ........ ...... 161-167 161

Noncommissioned officer ...... 63 71

Service company .......... .... 87 91

Train bivouac ................. 81, 87 83, 91

Company administrative clerk ...... 63 71

Company aid men...: ............. 132 139

During tactical operations ...... 151-157 152

Train bivouac ............ .... 158 159

Treatment of march casualties.. 152 153

Company ammunition supply points:

Amphibious operations ........ 118 123

Location ..................... 97, 98, 99, 98, 101, 104,100, 120 127

Operation .................... 36 45

Company headquarters:Function of:

Medical company ......... 148 151

Service company .......... 63 71

219

Paragraph PageCompany headquarters (Continued):

Medical company:Airborne ................. 180 173Infantry .................. 124, 125 133

Service company:Airborne ................. 169 167Infantry .................. 62 69

Company kitchens, preparation offood ........................... 15 21

Company mess ................... . 16-17 23Medical company .............. 164 162Locations .................... 98, 164 101, 162

Company supply responsibilities .... 9 12Company supply systems ........... 96, 103 98, 106Company transport ............ .... 77 80Company vehicle maintenance ...... 39,44 49, 54Covered approach march ........... 111 114Conservation:

Class III ..................... 31 40General ...................... 4 4

Consumption rates:Cold weather ................. 119 126Defensive .................... 114 118Mountain operations ............ 120 127Pursuit ....................... 113 117

Contact imminent, combat supportduring ......................... 110 113

Convoys, security for .............. 104 1106

Data, logistical .................... 29 37Dead (see also Graves, registra-

tion):Evacuation of ................ 97 98

Defense .......................... 114, 156 118, 158Dental service .............. ...... 135 141Delaying action ................... 123 131

Medical service during ........ 157 159Delivery of:

Ammunition .......... ........ 114 118

220

Paragraph Page

Delivery of (Continued):Food ......................... 16 23

Desert operations ................. 121 128Destruction of vehicles, equipment,

and material .................... 52 60Development, medical service during 154 156Disabled vehicles .............. ... 45 54Dispatcher, regimental ............ 81 83Dispensary ....................... 115, 159 120, 160Displacement:

Aid station ................... 155, 157 156, 159Collecting station ............. 146 149

Disposition, arms and equipment ofpatients ........................ 163 162

Distribution:Gasoline ...................... 30 38Orders ....................... 59 66Ration ....................... 14 19Supply point ................. 2 1Supply section ................ 67 74Unit ......................... 2 1

Division:Administrative orders ......... 2 1Ammunition requests .......... 33 43Engineer supply points ......... 24 35Field maintenance ............ 40 52Procurement, class III ......... 28 37Requisitions to ............... 21 33Signal supply ................. 25 35Surgeon ...................... 25 35

Division medical battalion duringattack .......................... 155 64

Drinking water ................... 19 28Driver and crew maintenance ....... 39, 44 49, 54Drop and landing zones ............ 177 172Duties of:

Agent liaison ................. 150 151Battalion commander .......... 8 11Company commander .......... 9, 17, 96 12, 26, 98

221

Paragraph Page

Duties of (Continued):Food service supervisor ........ 7, 49 9, 58Graves registration officer ...... 7, 50 9, 58Motor transport officer ........ 7, 8, 56, 69 9, 11, 65, 76Munitions officer .............. 7, 34, 36 9, 44,45Personnel:

Medical company ......... 125-133 133Mess ............... ...... 125, 15 133,21

Pioneer and ammunition platoonleaders .................... 8 11

Regimental commander ........ 7, 33, 51 9, 43, 60Rifle platoon leader ........... 9 12Section leader:

Ambulance section ........ 129, 147 136, 150Litter bearer section ...... 128, 147 136,150

Service company:Commander ............ .. 7, 57, 63 9, 65, 71Headquarters personnel .... 63 71

Supply officer .................. 7, 8, 13,16, 9, 11, 17,23,18,53,58 26, 62, 66

Surgeon ...................... 7,8, 55, 125, 9, 11, 64, 133,131, 152, 155 137, 153, 156

Truck drivers:Ambulance section ........ 129 136Service platoon ............ 69 76

Unit commander .............. 37,47 49,56

Echelons of supply for:Airborne operations ........... 174 168Amphibious operations ........ 118 123Emergency medical tag ....... 165 163Engineer ..................... 24 35

Emergency medical tags, initiation.. 132 139Enemy aircraft, firing on ........... 104 106Engineer supply items .............. 24 35Equipment:

Battalion medical platoon ...... 134 140Destruction of ................ 52 60Evacuation of damaged ........ 11,97 13,98

222

Paragraph Page

Equipment (Continued):Issue of ...................... 4,20,23 4,31,34Medical company ............. 161 161Repair of .................... 46 56

Estimate of the situation, S-4 .... 79 82

Evacuation:Airborne operations ........... 183 175Attack ....................... 155 156General scheme ............... 137 141Medical:

Airborne operations ....... 179 172Field train bivouac ........ 158 159General scheme .......... 137 141Routes of ................ 157 159Train bivouac ............ 158 159

Evacuation of:Captured materials ............ 51 60Damaged arms and equipment.. 97 98Dead ........................ 50, 97 58, 98Personal effects ............... 50 58

Executive officer, service company.. 69 76Experience factors, desert operations 121 128Exploitation and battlefield recovery 48, 57, 85 57, 65, 90Extra ammunition ................ 32, 112 41, 115

Feeding:During defense ............... 114 118Methods in desert operations.. 121 128Plans ........................ 18 26

Field maintenance ................. 40 52Field train ........................ 77 80Filler personnel:

Medical company ............. 125 133Service company ............. 63 71

First sergeant, medical company..;. 125 133First sergeant, service company..... 63 71Follow up echelon, airborne opera-

tions ........................... 178 172Food. (See Supply, class I.)

223

Paragraph Page

Food service:Group ........................ 67 74Supervision ................... 7, 49 9, 58

Force reserves .................... 118 123Formation, medical company, ap-

proach march ................... 153 155Forms, maintenance ............... 42 53Fortification materials ............. 24, 54 35, 62

Defensive operations, for ...... 114 118Forwarding section, collecting station 145 146Fuel:

Amphibious operations ........ 118 123Distributing during attack ..... 112 115Route column ................ 108 110

Fuel and lubricant train ............ 76 79Functions:

Administration platoon ........ 64, 67 73, 74Battalion aid station .......... 140 143Battalion sections ............. 75 78Collecting station ............. 127, 144 120, 146Company headquarters, service

company ................... 63 71Field maintenance ............. 40 52Food service group ............. 49, 67 58, 74Graves registration section ..... 50, 66 58, 74Headquarters company section.. 72 78'Heavy mortar company section. 74 78Liaison section ............... 150 151Litter bearers, battalion ........ 133 139Litter bearer section and ambu-

lance section ................ 147 150Medical company headquarters.. 148 . 151Munitions group .............. 67 74Personnel section ............. 65, 86 74, 91Platoon headquarters .......... 69 76Receiving and distributing group 67 74Regimental service platoon ..... 68, 75, 81 76, 78, 83Supply office group ............ 67 74Supply section ................ 67 74

224

Paragraph Page

Functions (Continued):Tank company section ......... 73 78Tank maintenance section ...... 71 77Trains ....................... 76,91 79,96Truck maintenance section ...... 71 77

Gas casualty section, collecting sta-tion ............................ 145 146

Gas masks (see also Class II and IVsupply) ........................ 20 31

Gasoline (see also Class III supply). 27-31 37Graves registration:

Collecting point ............... 85 90Evacuation of dead ............ 50,94,97 58, 97, 98Identification of dead .......... 50 58Isolated burials ............... 50 58Officer ....................... 7,66 9,74Orders ....................... 59 66Personal effects ............... 50 58Plans ........................ 57 65Procedure for ................ 50 58Records ...................... 50 58Reports ...................... 50 58Responsibility for ............. 50 58Section:

Airborn service company... 170 168Service company, infantry

regiment ............... 50, 66 58, 74Grease (see also class III supply).. 27-31 37Guards, train bivouacs ............. 105 107

Hand carry:Jungle operations ............. 122 130Mountain operations .......... 120 127

Headquarters:Medical company ............. 125 133Service company .............. 63 71Train bivouac area ............. 82 89

Headquarters company:Ammunition supply ........... 34 44

225

Paragraph Page

Headquarters company (Continued):Section:

Airborne regimental serviceplatoon ................. 171 168

Infantry regimental serviceplatoon .................. 72 78

Heavy mortar company:Air men ...................... 127 135Ammunition supply ............ 34, 99 44, 104Section, service platoon ........ 74 78Supply ....................... 99 104

Heavy weapons company:Ammunition supply ........... 36,98 45, 101Combat support system ......... 98 101Delivery of food ............... 16 23

Hot meals:During offensive .............. 112 115Prior to attack ................ 111 114

Identification of dead .............. 50 58Impetus of supply ................. 4 4Individual:

Reserves ..................... 118 123Rolls ......................... 58 66Stoves, mountain operations, for

use in ...................... 120 127Initial reserves, amphibious opera-

tions ........................... 118 123Inspection of equipment during rest

period .......................... 115 120Inspection of motor vehicles ........ 38 49Installations, movement of ......... 112 115Intrenching equipment ............. 24 35Issue of supplies:

Class I ....................... 13 17Class II and IV ............... 23 34Class III ..................... . 28, 30 37, 38Class IV ..................... 35 45Receiving and distributing group 67 74

226

Paragraph Page

Issue of supplies (Continued):Regulated items .............. 21 33To companies ................. 96, 102 98, 106

Items, regulated ................... 20 31

Jungle operations ................. 122 130

Kitchens:During rest periods ............ 115 120Mountain operations .......... 120 127

Kitchen and baggage train .......... 76 79Kitchen area, regimental ........... 81 83Kitchen locations .................. 15, 92 21, 96

Landing operations, ammunition sup-ply ............................. 118 123

Liaison:Agedt, medical company ........ 125 133Between medical units ......... 150 151

Light vehicles for ammunition re-supply .......................... 112 115

Litter bearers:Approach march .............. 153 155Battalion medical company ..... 133 139Collecting company ........... 143 145Collecting platoon ............. 128 136In tactical operations ......... 151, 160 152, 160

Litter bearer and ambulance section 138 142Functions ..................... 147 150

Litter bearer section, personnel andfunctions ....................... 128 136

Location of:Ambulance section ............ 129 136Battalion aid station .......... 139 143Collecting station ............. 143 145Command post, medical company 149 151Company ammunition supply

point ....................... 97 98Company kitchens ............. 15 21Company mess areas ........... 97 98

227

Paragraph Poge

Location of (Continued):Graves registration collecting

point ....................... 85 90Litter bearer section ........... 128 136Medical company kitchen ....... 164 162Medical company mess ......... 112 115Medical installations:

Airborne operations ....... 183 175Other supply points ............ 83 90Personnel section ............. 86 91Regimental ammunition supply

points ...................... 82 89Salvage collecting point ........ 85 90Tank maintenance section ...... 84 90Truck maintenance section ...... 84 90

Logistical data .................... 29 37

Maintenance:Amphibious operations ........ 118 123Base ......................... 41 53Categories of vehicle .......... 37 49Company ..................... 39, 44 49, 54Desert operations ............. 121 128Disabled vehicles ............. 45 54Driver and crew ............... 39,44 49, 54During combat operations ...... 44 54During movement ............ 43 53During offense ................ 112 115Field ......................... 40 52Forms ....................... 42 53Inspections ................... 38 49Medical company ............. 162 162Mission ...................... 3 3Of arms and equipment ........ 46 56Officer, motor transport ........ 69,90 76, 96Plans ........................ 57 65Preventive .................. 37 49Preventive, defense ........... 114 118Principles and procedures ..... 5 8

228

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Maintenance (Continued):Rear guards .................. 109 111Responsibility ................ 37, 39 49Rest periods ................... 115 120Route column ................. 108 110Scheduled services ............ 37 49Tactical column ............... 109 111Trains ....................... 76 79Vehicles ...................... 37,.44 49, 54

Maintenance area:Regimental ................... 81 83Installations .................. 84 90Section:

Airborne service platoon .... 171 168Location of ............... 80 83Tank ..................... 70 77Trains of ................. 76 79Truck .................... 71 77

March casualties:Evacuation ................... 151 152Treatment ..................... 152 153

March collecting post .............. 152 153Marches (see also Route column;

Tactical column; and Approachmarch) ........................ 107 110

Marshalling area plans, airborneoperations ...................... 175 170

Mechanic:Artillery ..................... 70 77Tank ......................... 70 77

Mechanic, automobile, duties (seealso Automobile mechanic) ....... 63 71

Medical:Assistant, battalion medical pla-

toon ....................... 131 137Company:

Airborne, assault echelon... 182 174Airborne regiment ........ 180,185 173, 176

229

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Medical (Continued):Communication ............ , 161 161

Headquarters ............. 125, 152, 155 133, 153, 156Infantry regimental:

Evacuation, supply, andservice ............. 135, 167 141, 164

Organization and dutiesof personnel ........ 124, 136 133, 141

Mission of ................ 136 141Tactical employment of .... 151, 157 152, 159Transportation, airborne .. 185 176Vehicle maintenance ....... 162 162

Company command post ........ 149 151Company headquarters:

Attack ................... 155 156Duties of personnel ........ 125 133Functions ................. 148 151Tactical column ........... 152 153

Evacuation ................... 135, 167, 183 141,164, 175Officers ...................... 125, 127, 128 133, 135, 136Personnel duties .............. 125, 127, 128, 133, 135, 136,

129, 131, 132, 137, 138, 139133

Plans ........................ 55 64Platoons:

Airborne regiment ........ 180 173Battalion ................. 130 137Collecting ................ 126 135Functions:

Aid station ........... 140 143Collecting station ..... 144 146

Tactical employment ...... 151, 157, 183 152, 159, 175Sergeant, battallion medical pla-

toon ....................... 131 137Service ....................... 135-137 141

Airborne operations ....... 183 175Approach march .......... 153 155Camp or bivouac .......... 159 160Cold weather ............. 119 126

230

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Medical (Continued):Service (Continued):

Defense .................. 156 158Development for attack .... 154 156During attack ............. 155 156During offensive action ..... 112 115During tactical operations.. 151-160 152Rest periods .............. 115 120Retrograde movements .... 157 159Route column ............. 151 152Special operations ......... 160 160Tactical column ........... 152 153Train bivouac ............. 158 159

Service corps officer:Ambulance section ........ 129 136Assistant to battalion sur-

geon ................... 131 137Litter bearer section ...... 128 136

Service principles ............. 6 9Supply ....................... 25, 131, 167 35, 137, 164Support:

Position in route column... 151 152Technicians:

Battalion medical platoon... 131 137Collecting platoon ........ 127 135

Medical train ................. 76 79Medical vehicles:

Tactical column .......... 152 153Messages, medical company ........ 161 161Messengers ................ ....... 63,87 71, 91Messes:

Overnight halts ............... 108 110Route column .................. 108 110

Mess location ..................... 17 26Mess steward .................... 63, 125 71, 133

Medical company ............. 125 133Mess, supply, and motor officer,

medical ......................... 125 133Military personnel officer ........ 7, 65, 86 9, 74, 91

231

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Minefields ........................ 105 107Mission:

Airborne medical company ...... 181 174Airborne service company ...... 172 168Battalion aid station ........... 138 142Collecting station ............. 142 145Infantry regimental service com-

pany ....................... 78 82Medical company, infantry regi-

ment ....................... 136 141Supply personnel .............. 3 3

Mortar company, combat support sys-tem ............................ 99 104

Motor (see also Vehicles):Maintenance .................. 37, 90, 162 49, 96,162Officer ....................... 7,8,69, 76, 9,11,76, 79,

88, 125 93, 133Motor elements, route column ...... 108 110Motor park, medical company ...... 162 162Motor sergeant:

Medical company .............. 125 133Regimental medical company... 125 133Regimental service platoon ..... 69 76

Mountain operations .............. 120 127Movement:

Desert operations ............. 121 128Movement to contact, security during 104 106Munitions (see also Supply, class

V) :Group ........................ 67 74Officer ....................... 7, 36, 76, 82 9, 45, 79, 89

Offensive action .................. 112 115Officer, trail ...................... 45 54Oil (see also Supply, class III) ..... 27-31 37Optical service ................... . 135 141Orderly:

Ambulance ................... 129 136Service company ............. . 63 71

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Orders:Administrative ........... :...... 59 66

Organization:Airborne medical company..... 180 173Airborne service company ...... 168 167Battalion medical platoon ...... 130 137Defensive, train bivouac ........ 105 107For security of trains .......... 104 106Infantry regimental medical

company .................... 124 133Infantry regimental service com-

pany ....................... 61 69Out of contact, supply operations... 114 118

Parachutes and equipment, recoveryof ............................. 177 172

Paratroop attack, security against.. 106 109Patients, disposition of arms and

equipment of ................... 163 162Patients roster .............. :.... 165 163Perimeter defense, train bivouac .... 105 107Personal effects ................... 50 58Personnel:

Airborne operations ........... 176 171Battalion aid station ........... 131 137Collecting station ............. 127 135Officer ........................ 8 11

Personnel section:Airborne service company ...... 170 168Follow-up echelon ............ 178 172Infantry service company ....... 65, 86 74, 91

Pioneer and ammunition platoonleader, battalion ................. 8 11

Plans:Airborne operations ........... 173, 175 168, 170

Medical .................. 183 175Captured material ............. 54 62Combat support .............. 79, 88 82, 93Evacuation ................... 125 133

233

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Plans (Continued):Feeding ...................... 18 26General ...................... 53 62Litter bearer and ambulance sec-

tion ......................... 147 150Medical ....................... 55, 125 64, 133Salvage or excess ............ .. 54 62Service ....................... 57 65Service company commander... 63 71Supply .............. ......... 4, 54 4, 62Transportation ................ 56 65

Platoon:Organization:

Administration ........... 64 73Airborne administration ... 170 168Airborne medical .......... 180 173Airborne service .......... 171 168Battalion medical ......... 130 137Collecting ................ 126 135Regimental service ........ 68 76

Supply points ................. 99, 100 104Platoon leader:

Airborne service platoon ....... 171 168Battalion medical platoon ...... 131 137Collecting platoon ............. 127 135General ...................... 10 12Pioneer and ammunition platoon 8 11Regimental service platoon ..... 69 76

Platoon sergeant:Battalion medical platoon ...... 131 137Collecting station ............. 127 135

Platoon supply responsibilities ...... 10 12Preparation of food ............... 15 21Prescribed supplies ............... 4, 20, 32 4, 31, 41Principles:

Evacuation ................... 6 9Maintenance .................. 5 8Supply ........................ 4 4

234

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Principles (Continued):Supply planning, airborne oper-

ations ...................... 172 168Principles and procedures, medical

service .......................... 6 9Procedures:

Maintenance .................. 5 8Supply ....................... 4 4

Procurement of supplies (see alsoSupply):

Class I ....................... 13 17Class II and IV .............. 22 33Class III ..................... 28 37Class V ...................... 35 45Engineer ..................... 24 35

Property exchange ............... 167 164Protection, train bivouac ........... 104-105 106Pursuit, combat support ............ 113 117Pyrotechnics ...................... 32 41

Radio and switchboard operators .... 63 71Radio nets:

Medical company ............. 161 161Service company .............. 87 91

Radios (See class II and IV, supply) 20 31Medical company ............. 161 161

Rapidly moving situations, combatsupport ......................... 112 115

Ration(s) (see also Food and classI supply):

Attachments .................. 16 23Breakdown ................... 14 19Cycle ........................ 13 17Distribution .................. 14 19For special operations .......... 118, 124 123, 133Jungle operations ............. 122 130Procurement .................. 13 17Route column ................. 108 110Supply to units ................ 96, 103 98, 106

235

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Ration(s) (see also Food andclass I supply (Continued):

Types of ..................... 12 15Rear guards, maintenance .......... 109 111Receiving and distributing group .... 67 74Receiving section, collecting station. 145 146Reconnaissance for aid stations ..... 154 156Records .......................... 60 68

Graves registration ............ 50 58Records clerk ..................... 71 77Recovery of vehicles; ............. 48 57Recreational trips ................. 115 120References ....................... App. II 181Regiment in contact:

Security during ............... 104 106Regimental:

Administration platoon ........ 65, 170 74, 168Collecting station ............. 127, 129, 135, 136,

142, 147 145, 150Combat support systems ........ 80, 87 83, 91Service platoon ............... 68, 75 76, 78Supply points ................. 14, 28, 30, 36, 19, 37, 38, 45,

54, 82, 83, 112, 62, 89, 90,114, 177 115, 118, 172

Regimental S-4:Disposition of arms and equip-

ment at collecting station ..... 163 162Regimental surgeon ............... 125, 152 133, 153

Approach march .............. 153 155Duties ....................... 125 133

Regimental train bivouac ........... 81, 104 83, 106Regimental trains .............. 76, 77 79, 80

Security ...................... 104 106Registration, graves ............... 50 58Regulated items ................... 20 31Reinforcing transportation, pursuit.. 113 117Release point ..................... 2, 16 1,23

236

Paragraph PageRepair and replacement of equip-

ment:Class II and IV ............... 21 33Heavy or bulky equipment ...... 22, 46, 48 33, 56, 57Lightweight equipment ........ 23,46 34,56Small arms ................... 46, 97 56, 98

Repairs during rest periods ......... 115 120Replenishment:

Class III supplies .............. 30 38Class V supplies ............... 36 45Supplies, airborne operations... 2, 174 1, 168

Report sheet ...................... 165 163Reports .......................... 60 68

Ammunition status A .......... 33 43Reports and records, medical com-

pany ............ .............. 165 163Required supply, rate .............. 33 43Requirements:

Airborne operations ........... 173 168Class V ....................... 33 43Definition .................... 2 1Engine oil ................... 29 37Estimates of class III .......... 29 37Gasoline ...................... 29 37

Requisitions:Class I ......... .............. 13 17Class II and IV ............... 22 33Class III ..................... 29 37Consolidation of .............. 21 33

Reserve, combat support during .... 116 122Responsibility, liaison .............. 150 151Rest periods, combat support during. 115 120Resupply, tactical column .......... 109 111Retrograde movements ......... 123, 157 131,159

Medical service ............... 157 159Rifle company:

Ammunition supply ........... 36 45Supply system ................ 97 98

237

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Rolls:Individual .................... 58, 122 66, 130Mountain operations .......... 120 127

Roster of patients ................. 165 163Route column ..................... 108 110

Medical service ............... 151 152Support of foot elements ....... 108 110

Route of ammunition advance ...... 112, 121 115, 128

S-4 .............................. 7,15,18,23, 9,21,26,34,24, 53-60, 62, 35, 62, 69, 71,63, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 106,104, 163, 167, 162, 164, 167,

169, 176 171S-4, battalion ................... .. 8 11Salvage .......................... 47,85 56, 90

Classification ................. 47 56Salvage and captured mat6riel:

Airborne operations ........... 179 172Salvage discipline ................. 47 56Sanitary report ................... 165 163Sanitation ........................ 122, 125, 131, 130, 133, 137,

165 163Sanitation, personal, jungle opera-

tions ........................... 122 130Sections:

Battalion aid station ........... 141 145Collecting station ............. 145 146

Section leader:Ambulance section ............ 128 136Litter bearer and ambulance sec-

tion . .......... . .......... 147 150Litter bearer section ........... 128 136

Section sergeant:Ambulance section ............ 129 136Assistant ..................... 127 135Collecting station ............. 127 135Litter bearer section ............ 128 136

238

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Security ......................... 104-106 106Against air attack.............. 106 109Regiment in contact ............ 104 106Regimental trains ............. 104 106Tactical coulmn ............... 109 111Train bivouac .............. .. 105 107Warning system .............. 105 107

Security elements, medical service.. 152 153Security forces ................... 105 107Service company:

Airborne regiment ............. 168-185 167Commander's duties ........... 7, 63 9, 71Headquarters ................. 62 69Infantry regiment ............. 61-77 69Mission ...................... 78 82Security plans ................ 104 106

Service plans ..................... 57 65Service platoon:

Airborne regiment ............. 171 168Infantry regiment ............ 68, 75 76, 78

Services, maintenance ............. 37-45 49Serving of meals .................. 17 26Shop foreman .................... 71 77Sick and wounded report ........... 165 163Signal supplies (see also Class II

and IV supply) .................. 26 36Special equipment, cold weather.... 119 126Special operations .............. 117-123 123

Medical service ............... 160 160Statistical health report ............ 165 163Status:

Supply ....................... 79 82Transport .................... 79 82

Sterilizing of water ............... 19 28Steward, mess, service company .... 63 71Storage, cold weather operations .... 119 126Supervision, food service ........... 49 58Supplies:

Desert operations ............. 121 128

239

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Supplies (Continued):For pursuit operations ......... 113 117Issued prior to attack .......... 111 114Rest or training periods ....... 115 120

Supply ........................... 26 36Accompanying ................ 2, 174 1, 168Airborne assault .............. 177 172Airborne operations ........... 173, 177 168, 172Before approach march ........ 110 113Class I ...................... 12-19 15Class II and IV .............. 20-26 31Class III ..................... 27-31 37Class V ...................... 32-36 41Clothing ..................... 20 31Conservation .................. 4, 31 4, 40Defensive action .............. 114 118Discipline .................... 11, 33 13,43Distribution ................... 2 1Echelons of ................... 2, 145, 166, 1, 146, 164

167Engineer items ............... 24 35Medical ...................... 25, 185 35, 176

Airborne operations ....... 184 175Company ................. 166 164

Mission ...................... 3 3Plans ........................ 4, 54 4, 62Principles and procedures ...... 4 4Replenishment ............ .... 2 1Requisitions .................. 4 4Types for airborne operations.. 174 168Unit air ...................... 2 1Warrant officer ............... 63 71

Supply office group ............... 67 74Supply personnel, company ......... 9 12Supply points:

Battalion ..................... 88, 93, 112, 93, 97, 115,114, 118, 120, 118, 123, 127,

121 128Class I ... 13 .................... 13 17

240

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Supply points (Continued):Class III:

During movement ......... 30 38Forward class III ......... 30 38

Class V ...................... 35, 36 45Companies ................... 97, 98, 100 98, 101, 104Operation .................... 67 74Platoon ...................... 99 104Regiment ..................... 14, 28, 30, 36, 19, 37, 38,45,

54,82,83, 112, 62,89,90,114,177 115, 118,172

Signal ........................ 26 36Water ........................ 19 28

Supply section .................... 67 74Airborne service company ...... 170 168

Supply sergeant:Medical company ............. 125 133Service company .............. 63 71

Support, combat .................. 2, 78-80, 87, 1, 82, 91, 93,88,97, 103, 98,106, 110,

107, 123 131Support company section ........... 171 168Support during route column ....... 108 110Surgeon .......................... 7, 8, 125, 131, 9, 11, 133,

152 137, 153Surgical technicians:

Battalion medical platoon ....... 131 137Collecting platoon ............ 127 135

Switchboards ..................... 87 91

Tactical column .................. 109, 152 111, 153Casualties ..................... 152 153Medical service .............. . 152 153Resupply ..................... 109 111

Tagging dead ..................... 132 139Tank company:

Ammunition supply ........... 36 45Maintenance .................. 39, 44, 76, 84 49, 54, 79, 90Section .................. .... 73 78

241

Paragraph Page

Tank maintenance section:Service company ............. 70 77

Teams, litter bearer ................ 133 139Technicians, medical and surgical:

Collecting platoon ............. 126 135Litter bearers ................ 128 136

Telephones ....................... 87 91Terms, definition, explanation ....... 2 1Traffic control .................... 56 65Trail officer ...................... 45 54Train(s) .......................... 76, 77, 81, 91 79, 80, 83, 96Train bivouac:

Battalion, area ................ 89 95Established prior to attack ..... 111 114Medical service ............... 158 159Regimental, area .............. 57, 80, 81, 65, 83,

106,158 109,159Security for .................. 105 107

Training programs:Service and medical company... App. I 177

Trains:Battalion ..................... 91 96Tactical column ............... 109 111

Trains area, regimental ............ 81 83Transportation:

Airborne operations ........... 176 171Ammunition .................. 34 44Control ....................... 34, 97 44, 98Medical company airborne oper-

ations ...................... 185 176Plans ......................... 56 65Rapidly moving situations ...... 113 117Release to units ............... 109 111

Treatment, collecting station ........ 145 146Truck drivers ..................... 63, 127, 129 71, 135, 136

Collecting platoon ............. 127 135Truck maintenance section .......... 71, 84 77, 96

242

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Truck maintenance train ........... 76 79Truckmaster ...................... 69, 75 76, 78Types of supply:

Airborne operations ........... 174 168

Uncovered approach march ........ 110 113Unit:

Air supply .................... 2, 174 1, 168Journal ....................... 60 68Medical service ............... 136 141Mile ......................... 29 37

Vehicles:Abandonment ................. 45 54Airborne operations ........... 176 171Ammunition:

In defense ................ 114 118:In offense ................ 112 115

Cold weather ................. 119 126Destruction ................... 52 60'Disabled ..................... 45 54During defensive action ........ 114 118.Loads, amphibious operations... 118 123Maintenance .................. 37-39 49Medical company ............. 152 153Recovery ..................... 48 57

Warning system .................. 105 107Warrant officer:

Maintenance .................. 71 77Supply ....................... 63 71

Water ............................ 19 28Requirements:

Personnel ................. 19 28Vehicles .................. 19 28:

Supply, desert operations ...... 121 128Trailers ...................... 21, 33, 46, 52 33, 43, 56, 60Transportation, jungle opera-

tions ....................... 122 130

243

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Weapons ......................... 97, 105 98, 107?"~: ,~-Employed in train bivouac..... 105 107Welder ........................... 70, 71 77Wounded, during attack ............ 155 156

U. S. GOVE-RNMENT PRiNTING OFFICE: 9I 49--84743

244