Fluxus, Antoni Muntadas, Fred Forest, Borderxing(Tate Article), Bust Down the Door (Tate Article),...

8/8/2019 Fluxus, Antoni Muntadas, Fred Forest, Borderxing(Tate Article), Bust Down the Door (Tate Article), New Media From

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.luxus{Irotn "to flow")is an art movement noted for the blendingof different artistic disciplines, primmily visualmt bu tlso music and literature. Fluxus was foundedin 1962by George Maciunas (1931-78), an American artistof Lithuanian

, 1 i i ~ 7 i-;xih... h ~ . - - tn , , - , , ; ; : ; , , ~t.-. n F i . t ' i i ' i t.-. r , ,~ : . : : i ' = 'hi ;: i " : P i ~ ' ;t I , ;n r : - ~ l d ~ ~ i i ' i~ : ; - ~,~.? ~ n l ~r " , ~ I : - ' ! !' = : -7 'f : ' h y ; I : ' - ~ ~?1~ I ! t , ~ i ~ , l - ~ I - : - " - = - l tl1 J ~ ; ! ~ n~ n gi t ~m e m b ~ r s ~ ~ I:e J o s e ~ hB e ~ y ~,J ~ h nC a g ~ , a n dYoko Ono who explored media ranging from pelfOlmance aIt to

oetIy to experimental music.They took thestanceof opposition tothe ideasof radition andprofessionalismin the artsofheir time, theFluxus groupshifted the emphasis {rom what an artistmakesto the artist's ersonali,actions, and 0 inions.hroup;hollt the19h08(lnd'70s (theirmost (ltive perio , t ey 8t(lge (lchon" events, eng(lgedin po ItlCS(ln pll. ICpeal


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Q**>^ ..^-==,-...^-r Tr!=.:". ecf i;ii i:ini;-.;e:tianf ,,!r;ii-f cnnfeitt.it;-.raiir it. 'laac le< ar.;c< 1gf.fl nr:i tniirta iti 'iitcii-.;le;-nanf

isuelsmaisaussia musique t a littrature.Uen desannes inquante, eeunesartistes,nfluencsarDada, ar 'enseignemente JohnCageetpar a p

en, effecturent nryinutieuxravailde sapedescatgories e 'artparureje,tsysterratique esnstitaM 'otion qrec'"*rtT,emot"fuxr,s"signifieen afine fr.tx, eeor.trant),apersonnatlteeLreorgeMacrunagse egage rentot e cegroupe c'est ul qulcholslte nom luxus enIvl

dige e Manifesteluxus. lcreunegalerieen 1961et organiseesconcerts emusiqueontemporaine,insixpositionse sesamis JohnCage,Dick HigginsouLa MonteYoung)avantde s'installernAllemagne. nse1

962,1lorganisee premierconcertFluxus,e Fluxusnternationaleestspiele

euesterusik,q'uimarquees r

utJ uu |gvsyvurvlr!. utvuwl uv gl!@!rvJ s ttwJ s99 uIrY Wlturlv[ I J oovvrvu vt uvuvvu uol vwllv lJlcui

yeuseet conoclaste,*espaceElbrtqu'ilsecherchaient.urantvingtans,malgr es scissionst es exclusions,luxusesteraidle sonutopiededpart parunhum$vastateur tprovocant,aire liuralementexploseres imites dea pratiqueartistique,abolir es frontiresenfre ri'icfn;i:' e :in liet; * rttifif *r:fne f+rtr*+ lr r,-ie

iftu"uscompta ar*i s"s*"*br." despersonnalitsussi restigieusestvaries ueJoseph euys,Nam JunePa.,obertFilliou, YokoOno,DickHiggins,WolfVostell,CharlotteMoormann,BazouBrock, HenryFlynt, GeorgeBrecirtMarcelAlocco], SergeGldenbourgditSergeII),BenVautieqBen Patterson,eanDupuy,DanielSpoerri,Vytautas.andsbergisex-prsidente a R-publiquee -.itr:anie e1990 1992))l ne s'est ascontent e i:niter soneristencelr)(rwesd'hrstolres t sapfatrque, oluned'une eflexronrolondeet touJours'acnnllte,mrtpreuved'uneenergre ansesse enouvele. luxus rcrit chaqueoncertsaproprehistoire et a certainementmarqude son nfluence1es ratiques

ontemporaines.luxus Allemagneans es annes oixantemodifier]vuwwrl r l$agJ vt! uw v^lrwriwuwv tvuvtv vu varoYuv vvJvlt vuoY*v lrwuvu! sv vv !Av[u! vol u laartrrrrlvuL. ! vvJwwlu s4

mdvementluxus tattd'avoirsur e publicun effetde comprhensione a vie et de compntrationveccettedernire.acomplexit esactions t desconcerts luxus, a collaborationenombreuxrtistes ommeNam JunePaik,Josepheuys,Wolf Vostell et CharlotteMoorman,permettaitde crerdes nterprtationsrsentant ne harmonieentreelles et2 u----^u^-. ---^ ^^-^--.:^^ --;j^--lj) '-^ -l ^ lt^=,:-+---4

, .orrr.ar nf" ur o, ,ooipurrio, ,"prrssionauditiveenrapportavecdes echnologies onores labores tparfaitementccordes.l n'existeaucun ongraveprcis,aucun onntermdiaireaturelou aigucommee cristalpourcrer nquilibreacoustique.'authenticitncomparable e outeses actions u mouvement luxuset a passion t a forceinnovationde sesarhstes r:pposre.ntne ransfbrmalin;uivolr:tionna'apparence e1'art.etteevolutlonprovoquee ar epresent tonentee ers e nrnrra cree a conscrenceue outrndrvrdu st,en sol-meme,

neeuvred'art, etque 'ensemble e a viepeuttreapprhendommeuneuvred'artglobale.Lescaractristiquespcifiquesesconcerts luxussontunepreuveque e principedecause effetn'estplusvalableetque e chaosmarqueaalitde sonsmpreinte.

vw JurJ, lw 4vlrvuJ I rssJ uvyuwur ovuu uvs vrlwlt tvwrvlvtYevJ w! l,JJvuvrvtY*vJ ow r0 Jvvrvlvt v! vvlrrrluvt ur

lment e communication.'atra d'excentricitesartistes luxuset deshappeningstait rsloigne e outenflusnsse 'expressione a personnalitropreaumondede a mode.emanire ibreet autonome,Beuys,Vostell etPaik ont accd a conditiondemythesenRhnanie, galementrceau- .^l^--^*^-a l- - --i . lL^ ^* cr : ^- ^-^1-,^^ 1^ *--^L: i-+-*^1--,-! Aol-,-+ J-- , , :- l-- ---4-- --^:-'^-+^

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tt.tt ....,-,

r r p",rtgoo..r I'influencesous outls sesormesdumouvementluxus,deshappenings t Vido-art.Lastructuret esmfens d'expression enombreuses urresd'art aujourd'huiexposesans es galeries ontsouvent nhommagenvolontaireenduauxpionniersqui,dans es annes oixante, availlaient danscette gionde a Rhnanie vece

mor-rve,me.tlr:xus, eshappeaings t es a,rtistesr-lieconsac.raientrlv.do-art.taro aunus uvrrtunegarene 'arta uoiogneen ry , le JtadtrscneMuseum e wresbaden,lu presentaaprenueremanifestationfficielle dumouvementFluxus :FLUXUS,le Festival nternationalde NouvellesMusiquesdu ler au23

epternbre962.Enseptembre963,Rolf J?ihrlingnaugura V/uppertala GalerieParnass. atdisAbolins ouwitlaGalerieAachen Aix-La-Chapellen1966.E,n1969,HelmutRywelskietAngarNierhoft aveceurGalerieArt

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aecker uwit saGalerieBaecker Bochumet a GalerieRenBlock Berlin. Tousontsoutenues artistes ehappeningt du mouvementFluxus,ont contribu leur renomme teurpermirentdefaire ralitcettevolutionde 'art dontinfluencese ait encoresentiraujourd'hui.

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*=#mUtimdia et des seaux,l fut un despionniers e'Art vido(1967)uisdu Net.art1996)on ui doitaussia qatenrites expriencesepresse (Interventionsur esmassmdias:resse crite,adio,TV, 1972). E--.-*=,,=-{r+--++ !. Qni-hnnnc i.ri^.fs.iir ,.n Q..ien,^es Jc lrinfnm':*tinii ef ,'le !a ...-.m;-,:ini.'afini: i! rre eit lli';i:.^c ,;ls 1A4R

r ot"*i.r, tiroooements'iiteractifsotitisat I'informatiqueet la vido, mais aussil a su ntgrerdanssadmarchettirtiq" touses supportsdecommunicationpressecrite,lphone,ax, radio, tlvision,ilmsvido,cble,ournauxumineuxet lectroniques,obotique,seauxlmatiquest biensr outes espossibilitsuweb.FredForestestco-ondaterrreeler.rxor-ryements,rrisfiquesmportantstr.rartoiologique1974)et 'Esfhfiquee a ommrmieafi-rrnvrs,lL'ensemDtee sonGuwe,ouJoursn coursoeceveioppement,reJomte patnmome atronal unre du depotgalen uillet2005,sous ormede conventionigne vec 'INA(InstitutNationalde 'Audiovisuel)1est e seulartisteanaisvivant d'art contemporain,ce our, bnficierd'un el statut.eparcourseFredForestestpoure moinsatypiqueuisqu'ilestd'abordontrleuresPostes t tlcommunicationsde

'abordeinfte,puisdessinateuratiriqueour es ournaaxC.ombattLesEchos, se milieu desannes 960,Fredorestorientesapratiqueartistiquevers e champdesnouveauxmdiaset des echnologiese a communication.Pionniere 'artvidoenFrance,l conoitds1968desenvironnementsarticipatifst nteractifs n utitsant desdispositifsrnci;nf iitfni-i-n*fi ,.:iie .=t i;i,4nTnrir fn;ii' il infcre


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4qeai" Art: ReverseAuthentificatlon 29lOIl0916:oG

r ffiTATE

Inlern:edia ( Hcms Prcgrammes ,Archive Podcasts Dlscussioc Abul Subscribe

NnT*rrn*Ci*rTNew Media.Soundnd Pefo.m*nceViewll NetArt venis Broadcasts Inlerviews Text$

ReverseAuthentificationJune2002FlorianSchneider

Pint f Entry, art f BorderXinguide. hotgraphHeath unting002

A coyote ooks ikea medium-sizeddogwitha long, taperingmuzzle,and erectpointedears. ts thick coatis greyish,withreddish inges o the legs and ears, and alighter-colouredelly andneck. Amonghumans,coyoteshave an ambiguousreputation,being consideredon the one hand crafty, slyand cowardly,and on the othertireless and highly adaptive.

To somethe coyote epitomisesperfidy,o other$ t symbolisesmagination,independence nd a poweffulwill to survive.NativeAmericansevere he coyoteas agodhead;settlersonly see theirlivestock n danger, anddenounce he coyote as evil.

In the border area between he United Statesand Mexicohe term coyotealso refersto a veryspecial ype ofhuman being: he traffickersn migrants,whofor a fee offertheir knowledgeoFhow o 6ioss a s tate borderwithouthe usual paperwork.

In hisprojectEorderXingGuide,Heath Buntingplays he roleof a coyote,or rather,avirtualcoyote,committed o theprincipleof open source.Bunting collectsborderexperiences, iterallyso: for severalmonthshe has beenwalking acrossbordersbetween Europeancountries n manykinds of loca tion,ncludingorests, ivers,mountainsnd tunnels.He painstakinglyocumentshe routeshe follows, ndmakes

p:/ www.tate.org.u/ intermedaart/entry1 468.shtm

BorderXing uide

Thisworkby HeathBuntingcomments n heway n whichmovementetween orderssrestricted ygovernmentsndassociated ureaucracies.iewdocumentationf his12 monthjourney crossEurope.

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te ntermediaArt: Reverse uthentification

a detailed ecord of allhis movements.

BorderXingGulde s thus a manualwrittenon foot.The work's webinterfacepromisesto provideullinformationboutBunting'sunofficialbordercrossings.But inthis case'providing"as a veryparticularmeaning.t goes ar beyondmakingnformationavailableby just puttingt onl ine andwaiting o seewhathappens.

A coyote wouldn't be a coyoteand Buntingwouldn'tbe Bunting,f he were notalwaysa half-stepahead. n BorderXingGuide,as in most ofhis worksoverthe last fewyears

he treats his material n an entirelypersonal

way.For verypracticaleasons he

presentation 1BorderXingGuide s based on a carefullycalculatedpoliticsof publicrelations.

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',"iii!fi,,, ,ll,. ii

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AntiClimb ence, art fBorderXinguide. hotographHeath unting002

Anyonetrying toaccess the website o1 he BorderXingGuideprojectis initiallydoomedto disappointment,ince hereis no access or unauthorisedisitors. nstead hey aregivena fist ofnames and postaladdresses of contactsworldwide.The BorderXingGuide canbe visitedonlyfromthis growingbut exclusiveistof 'socialclients"whohave a static P (lnternetProtocol)address and who, mostnotably,have gained heartist'sconfidence.

Buntingakes these hingsvery seriously,and demandsconsiderable atienceandunderstanding rom thepotentialusers of lhe BorderXingGuide, bothfor the fact thatthey are being refusedat the entranceand because hey requirea certain appreciationof howto preserve,developand mutuallyshare a precarious nowledgewithoutcompromising heprojeclas a whole.

Inthe westernworld todaythe moreeasily ton"y and goodsflow betweennations,lhe morethose nationsclose theirdoors o bordercrossers,whether hey are fleeingpersecution r seeking, ,a hahge n theirluck. Bunting'sBorderXingGuideacknowledges hisparadox,evoking he everydayexperienceof illegalbordercrossersin a processof reverseauthentification.

Suddenly, hose visftinga galleryor museumwebsiteout ofinterestor curiosity indthey have to prove heir credentials.But thistactical ecreation fa politicalealitys

absolutely easonablen the circumstances:he knowledgeof howto cross bordershas to remaina secret until andunless here s a highdegree of trust.

Forsome ime awarenessof the issue of bordershas been gainingcurrencyamong

tp: /www.tate.og.u / ntermed aart/ ntry15468.shtm Page2 sur 3


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t;l"*._reda Art: ReverseAuthentification

artists,curatorsand art institutions. hereis a long traditionof US andMexicanartistsdealingwiththe 2000-mile ong borderbetween he twonations.Datingromthe early1980s here s a wholehistoryof border artthat has addressed he powerrelations hatstructurentercultural xchange.Morerecently, he borderhas becomea metaphor ndebates,encompassing variety ofpolitical,ulturaland artisticapproaches, n howsocieties_arehangingunderthe pressuresof informalisationnd globalisation.

On the face of it, BorderXingGuidesystematicallygnores he currentmetaphoricdimensionof borders.n this extendedpersonalexperimenthe downgradesheirblindingomnipresenceo the banalityof just crossinga line. Buntingn fact reverseengineers he metaphoricalverloadof all the festivalsand exhibitionswhicharenowadays lirtingwith the ambiguityof borders, owardsa veryconcreteand singularpractice.AlthoughBorderXingGurdeobviouslydealswith therepeatabilityf eachcrossing,no bordercrossing s like he one beforeand no crossings the same as ithas been or somebodyelse.

Bordersare there to be crossed.Their significanceecomesobviousonlywhentheyare violated and it saysquitea lot abouta society'spoliticaland socialclimatewhenone sees what kind ofborder crossinga governmentriesto prevent.Up to nowBuntinghas concentrated n Europe's nternalborders. n the nextphase of the projecthe plans o extend he Borderfing Guideo itsouterborders,where presumablyhe willfind much ighter controls.

Today, he natureof borders s shifting;what might becalled borderlands emerging.

.dersare not ust demarcationines anymore,but are beingreassigned o so-caltd'tR-rrd',secure'or'transit' countries.Borders each out alonghigh-trafficinessuch asinterregional ighwaysand other ransport inks,and deep into nner cities.Entirecountrieshave become borderareas.

As is the case in mostpolitical,ocial,and culturalareas, networkechnologies avereplaced raditional orms of assertingauthorityon nationalborders.Checksnowtakeplace practicallyvery-r,vheren real time. Chipcards, biometricsystems,and electroniccollars, egulateaccess o proprietary, rivileged,r othenriserestrictedareas, andcollate magesof humanmovement ngiganticdatabases.The surveillancefthe

electronicallyquippedborder bymeans of heat, nfrared;adar andsatellite

technologyhas undergonea dramaticchange n significance.oday'sbordersare notso muchaboutracislpermissionand refusalof entry as aboutuser profiling.Theultimateaim ofpostmodernbordermanagemenls above all thefilteringof presumablyuseful romnon-usefulbordercrossers.

Butthe borderlands also a placewhere tacticsriumphover anystrategy. n thiscontextBunting'sBorderXingGurdehas the potentialo becomea very helpfuloolforan increasingnumberof people:an electronicantidoteagainstanyvirtualor realborder,,___,ffie,ut gLlgjeclg a real coyote

lfiorian Schneide) is a filmmaker,writer and mediaactivist,member of the collectiveecfidnfuffi'/No One r's lllegaland co-organisorof the Cross he Border campaign

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Fluxus, Antoni Muntadas, Fred Forest, Borderxing(Tate Article), Bust Down the Door (Tate Article),...

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