Floods of September ^952 in the Colorado Guadelupe River … · 2011-01-24 · Floods of September...
Transcript of Floods of September ^952 in the Colorado Guadelupe River … · 2011-01-24 · Floods of September...
Floods of Septemberi
^952 in the Coloradoi
Guadelupe River Basins, Central Texasi iGEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1260-A
Prepared in cooperation with the Texas State Board of W^ater Engineers ind other agencies within the State
Errata slip for Water-Supply Paper 1260-A
The name Guadalupe is erroneously spelledGuadjslupe on the cover and title page and
at the top of pags 1.
Floods of September 1952 in the Colorado and Guadelupe River Basins, Central Texas
\By S. D. BREEDING and J. H. MONTGOMERY
FLOODS OF 1952
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1260-A
Prepared in cooperation with the Texas State Board of ff^ater Engineers and other agencies within the State
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1954
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Douglas McKay, Secretary
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
W. E. Wrathlr, Director
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 45 cents (paper cover)
PREFACE
This report on the floods of September 1952 in the Colorado and luadalupe River basins of central Texas was prepared in the Wa- er Resources Division, C. G. Paulsen, chief, under the general iirection of J. V. B. Wells, chief, Surface Water Branch, and 2. E. Ellsworth, district engineer, Austin, Tex.
Records of discharge were collected and compiled in coopera- ion with the Texas State Board of Water Engineers, H. A. Beck- vith, chairman, and with other agencies within the State.
The isohyetal map of the storm of September 9-11 is based up- >n rainfall records of the U. S. Weather Bureau, including supple- nental data obtained through field "bucket surveys", rainfall rec- >rds of the Lower Colorado River Authority, and from field infor- nation collected by personnel of the Austin district, Surface Wa- er Branch.
The report was prepared by S. D. Breeding, assistant district engineer, and J. H. Montgomery, hydraulic engineer. Personnel )f the Austin district, and E. G. Barren and J. L. Patter son, hy- iraulic engineers detailed from the Louisville, Ky., and Fort Smith, Ark., districts respectively, assisted in the collection and compilation of data presented in this report, under the general supervision of the senior author.
Ill
CONTENTS
PageDstract........................................................... 1troduction........................................................ 1eneral features of the storm and floods .............................. 2
Antecedent conditions............................................. 2Precipitation .................................................... 2Description of the floods .......................................... 2
Lood damage ...................................................... 6etermination of flood discharges .................................... 10ages and discharges at stream gaging stations. ....................... 11Explanation of data ............................................... 11Colorado River basin ............................................. 16
Colorado River at Winchell..................................... 16San Saba River at Menard.................................... 16
Brady Creek at Brady..................................... 17San Saba River at San Saba................................... 18
Colorado River near San Saba. .................................. 19Buchanan Reservoir near Burnet................................ 20
Llano River near Junction ................................... 20Llano River at Llano ........................................ 21Pedernales River near Johnson City. .......................... 22
Lake Travis near Austin ....................................... 22Colorado River at Austin....................................... 23
Gudalupe River basin ............................................. 24Guadalupe River at Comfort .................................... 24Guadalupe River near Spring Branch. ............................ 25Guadalupe River above Comal River at New Braunfels ............. 26
Comal River at New Braunfels ............................... 27San Marcos River:
Blanco River at Wimberley. ............................... 28San Marcos River at Luling .................................. 29
Plum Creek near Luling. .................................. 30Guadalupe River at Victoria .................................... 31
San Antonio River:Medina Lake near San Antonio ............................. 32
San Antonio River near Falls City............................. 32Cibolo Creek near Bulverde ............................... 33Cibolo Creek at Selma .................................... 34Cibolo Creek near Falls City ............................... 35
San Antonio River at Goliad .................................. 36iummary of flood stages and discharges. .............................. 37Storage............................................................ 45lecords of previous floods ........................................... 45 elected Bibliography ................................................ 46ndex.............................................................. 47
ILLUSTRATIONS
'late 1. Isohyetal map of central Texas, showing total precipitation, in inches, Sept. 9-11, 1952, and location of flood - determination points .............................. .In pocket
''igure 1. Bar graph of precipitation at selected weather stations inColorado River basin .................................. 3
2. Bar graph of precipitation at selected weather stations inGuadalupe River basin ................................. 4
V
VI CONTENTS
Pag Figure 3. Graph of accumulated rainfall at two weather stations ........ 5
4. Pedernales River near Johnson City showing destruction ofbridge on U. S. Highway 281 ............................ 7
5. Truck, loaded with steel, washed from U. S. Highway 290. . . .6. Floodwaters of Comal River submerge Landa Street bridge
at New Braunfels ...................................... 107. Graph of discharge at selected gaging stations in Colorado
River basin above Buchanan Reservoir ................... 138. Graph of discharge for Llano and Pedernales Rivers, and
inflow into Lake T ravis................................. 149. Graph of discharge at selected gaging stations in Guadalupe
River basin ........................................... 1510. Relation of unit discharge to size of drainage basin .......... 44
TABLES
Table 1. Summary of flood damages ................................ 92. Summary of flood stages and discharges .................... 38
FLOODS OF 1952
FLOODS OF SEPTEMBER 1952 IN THE COLORADO AND
GUADELUPE RIVER BASINS, CENTRAL TEXAS
.By S. D. BREEDING and J. H. MONTGOMERY
ABSTRACT
Following a severe drought floods of exceptional size occurred in the central Texas "hill country "as a result of heavy rains during the period September 9-11, 1952. As much as 26 inches of rain fell in the Guadalupe River basin and in the central and lower Colorado River basin and broke the extended drought. The belt of the heavy rainfall was about 60 miles wide and extended northwest from New Braunfels for a distance of about 200 miles. The greatest concentration occurred along the divide between the Colorado and Guadalupe River basins.
Record floods occurred on many large and small streams. Inflow into Lake Travis on the Colorado River reached 803, 000 cfs from a 6, 650 square mile contributing area.
Five persons were killed and 454 homes damaged. The total flood damage in the Colorado and Guadalupe River basins was nearly 12 million dollars.
INTRODUCTION
The central Texas "hill country" floods of September 1952 ex ceeded all known previous floods at many points on streams in the upper Guadalupe and central Colorado River basins. Exception ally large discharges occurred in the basins of theSanSaba, lower Llano, and Pedernales Rivers, and Sandy Creek--all tributary basins of the Colorado River. Record floods occurred also on tributaries of the Guadalupe River in Blanco, Comal, and Kendall Counties.
The great size of the floods made the collection and preservation of data very desirable for future purposes of study and design. Current-meter measurements could not be obtained at all the gaging stations; furthermore, measurements at gaging stations, only, would have been insufficient to evaluate the discharge. Therefore, immediately after the floods receded, and before floodmarks
2 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
became obliterated, three survey parties were in the field col lecting data to make indirect determinations of discharge. Meas urements of discharge were made at 42 points other than gaging stations--3 by current-meter and 39 by indirect methods.
This report presents records of stage and discharge for the flood period at 22 gaging stations and records of contents at 3 major reservoirs, and a summary of peak discharges at 64 points in the flood area. An inset map on plate 1 shows the area covered by this report.
GENERAL FEATURES OF THE STORM AND FLOODS
Antecedent Conditions
Before the flood, central Texas was suffering from one of the most severe and prolonged droughts it had ever known. The over all runoff for the whole flood area before the flood was the lowest of record. The topsoil was exceedingly dry, stock tanks were empty or nearly so, and storage in reservoirs was at a very low point. Lake Travis, on the Colorado River, held 374,000 acre- feet of usable water, or only 30 percent of conservation capacity and 18 percent of flood capacity. The upper reaches of major streams across Texas from the Sabine to the Pecos Rivers and their tributary streams throughout central and west Texas were dry or nearly so. During August 1952 the spring-fed Comal River at New Braunfels had its smallest known discharge--135 cubic feet per second.
Precipitation
In the 60 days preceding the floods the weather stations at Blanco and Boerne reported total rainfall of only 1.55 and 0.62 inches re spectively. During the period September 9-11, 1952, from 2 to 26 inches of rain fell on an area of 25, 000 square miles, over a belt 100 miles wide extending from Corpus Christ-i, on the Gulf of Mexico, northwestward for 250 miles. The rain covered essen tially all the basin of the Guadalupe River and the lower part of the basin of the Colorado River as far as Ballinger. The heaviest rainfall was centered in the vicinity of Hye, Bankersmith, and Blanco (pi. 1 and figs. 1, 2, and 3), along the divide between the basins.
Description of the Floods
The heavy rains caused tremendous floods far exceeding any known at many points. The steep slopes, narrow channels, and small flood plains were factors that contributed to the height of the
PR
EC
IPIT
AT
ION
, IN
IN
CH
ES
O W
2
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SJ
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O
Fig
ure
1.
--B
ar
gra
ph o
f pre
cipit
atio
n a
t se
lect
ed w
eath
er s
tati
on
s in
Colo
rado R
iver
bas
in,
Sep
tem
ber
19
52.
s § en
FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
10 15SEPTEMBER 1952
20
<N
<L>
fe
GENERAL FEATURES OF THE STORM AND FLOODS
SEPTEMBER 9 SEPTEMBER 10 SEPTEMBER II
Figure 3. --Graph of accumulated rainfall, in inches, at two weather stations, September 1952.
flood crests. Peak discharges in some of the smaller basins were equivalent in depth to about 3 inches of runoff per hour.
The peak stages in the area of the most intense rainfall occurred during the afternoon and night of September 10. Many highways were submerged in the vicinity of stream crossings, and many major highways were damaged in the flood area. Roads were covered by water estimated to be as much as 60 feet deep (Hamilton Pool road on Pedernales River) having flow velocity as much as 15 and 20 feet per second.
The greatest runoff occurred along the divide between the Colo rado and Guadalupe River watersheds in the Johnson City and Blanco regions. Flows were not excessive in the upper Guadalupe and upper Pedernales River basins. Flood peaks on the Guadalupe River below San Marcos River rapidly diminished as they spread out over a wide flood plain on their way to the Gulf of Mexico. On the upper Colorado River above Ballinger and on the Llano River
6 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
above Junction, floodwaters were insignificant. Buchanan Reser voir and Lake Travis on the Colorado River stored floodwatei originating upstream, and rises downstream from Lake Travis wer only moderate.
At Johnson City the Pedernales River swept away the bridge ar several piers at the crossing of U. S. Highway 281 (fig. 4). Whe floodwaters subsided this modern steel structure was left a ruine mass several hundred yards downstream. The peak discharge ( 441, 000 cfs at this point cannot be fully appreciated unless it i noted that this discharge was more than double that of the flood ( 1869--the greatest known before 1952. U. S. Highway 290, th main artery from Austin west through Fredericksburg, was close to traffic because of washed-out fills and flooded pavement.
The floods stripped the valleys of valuable pecan groves an shade trees. In the Pedernales valley, cypress trees 5 feet in di ameter were broken off like match sticks; pecan trees 2 feet in di ameter were uprooted and washed away. As an indication of th depth and velocity of thefloodwatersin the Pedernales River valley a truck loaded with 19 tons of structural steel was washed fror U. S. Highway 290 near Stonewall, east of Fredericksburg (fig. 5)
Spectacular rescue work by helicopters from theSanMarcos Ai Force Base saved several lives and removed marooned people, i helicopter was used to string emergency power lines across th Pedernales River near Johnson City, thereby restoring electrica power to Blanco and Johnson City.
FLOOD DAMAGE
Five persons lost their lives and three were injured. The U. S Weather Bureau reported 17 homes as destroyed and 454 homes a; damaged.
Table 1, furnished by the Corps of Engineers, Department of th< Army, summarizes estimated damages.
Destruction of roads, bridges, and power lines paralyzed busi ness in large parts of Blanco, Gillespie, Kendall, Hays, and Coma Counties for several days after the floods (figs. 4 and 6). People turned from normal activities to aid in rescue and clean-up work, help displaced persons, and salvage what was left of damagec property.
o o H
Fig
ure
4.
--P
ed
ern
ale
s R
iver
nea
r Jo
hn
son
C
ity,
T
ex.
, sh
owin
g d
estr
uct
ion
of
bri
dge
on U
. S
, H
ighw
ay 2
81.
Ph
oto
by
Nea
l D
ougla
s,
Aust
in,
Tex
.
Fig
ure
5.
--T
ruck
, lo
aded
wit
h 19
tons
of s
truct
ura
l st
eel,
w
ashed
fro
m U
. S.
H
ighw
ay 2
90 n
ear
Sto
new
all,
T
ex.
by f
loo
dw
ater
s of
the
Ped
ern
ales
Riv
er,
Sep
t.
10,
1952
. P
ho
tog
rap
h b
y F
reder
icksb
urg
Pu
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der
ick
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1
O w X
Tab
le 1
. --
Sum
mar
y o
f es
tim
ated
dam
ages
in
do
llars
, fr
om
cen
tral
Tex
as f
loods
of S
epte
mb
er
1952
Str
eam
and
lo
cati
on
Dir
ect
dam
ages
Agri
cult
ura
l pro
pert
y
Rura
l n
on
- agri
cult
ura
l pro
pert
y
Tra
nsp
or
ta
tion
facil
itie
sU
tili
ties
Urb
an a
nd
suburb
an
pro
pert
yT
ota
lIn
dir
ect
dam
ages
To
tal
dam
ages
Cen
tral
Colo
rado R
iver
b
asin
Colo
rado R
iver
bet
wee
n m
outh
of
San
Sab
a R
iver
and L
ake
Buc
hana
n,
Pedern
ale
s R
iver
in
Gil
lesp
ie
Ped
ern
ale
s R
iver
in
Bla
nco
Cou
nty
. B
arr
en
s,
Pal
o A
lto,
and
Sou
th G
rape
To
tal .........................
440,0
00
19
0,0
00
40,0
00
16
5,0
00
80,0
00
57
4,0
00
43
1,0
00
85,0
00
2,0
05,0
00
._-.
....
150,0
00
200,0
00
10,0
00
36
0,0
00
20
0,0
00
35,0
00
55,0
00
30,0
00
15
8,0
00
57
5,0
00
37,0
00
1,0
90,0
00
7,0
00
1,0
00
2,0
00
4,0
00
5,0
00
3,0
00
22,0
00
25,0
00
5,0
00
5,0
00
50,0
00
10
,00
0
95
,00
0
67
2,0
00
231,0
00
40
,00
0
227,0
00
110,0
00
93
6,0
00
1,2
11,0
00
14
5,0
00
3,5
72,0
00
215,0
00
90
,00
0
10,0
00
70,0
00
30,0
00
30
0,0
00
400,0
00
42,0
00
1, 1
57
,00
0
887,0
00
321,0
00
50,0
00
29
7,0
00
14
0,0
00
1,2
36
,00
01,6
11,0
00
18
7,0
00
4,7
29,0
00
d o 6 MG
uada
lupe
Riv
er a
nd S
an A
nton
io R
iver
bas
ins
Gua
dalu
pe R
iver
abo
ve N
ew B
raun-
Gua
dalu
pe R
iver
bel
ow N
ew
Com
al R
iver
, D
ry C
om
al C
reek
,
Bla
nco
Riv
er a
nd S
an M
arco
s R
iver
. S
an A
nton
io R
iver
and
Cib
olo
Cre
ek
Tota
l .........................
61,0
00
2, 3
74,0
00
126,0
00
83
8,0
00
1
02
,00
0
3,5
01,0
00
5,5
06,0
00
16,0
00
57
1,0
00
20,5
00
607,5
00
96
7,5
00
128,0
00
251,0
00
75,0
00
54,0
00
50,0
00
558,0
00
1,6
48,0
00
2,0
00
5,0
00
11,0
00
8,5
00
2,0
00
28
,50
0
50,5
00
47
7,0
00
26
7,0
00
70,5
00
100,0
00
91
4,5
00
1,0
09,5
00
207,0
00
3, 6
78,0
00
47
9,0
00
99
1,5
00
2
54
,00
0
5, 6
09,5
00
9,1
81,5
00
75,0
00
1,0
21,0
00
152,0
00
28
8,0
00
8
0,0
00
1,6
16,0
00
2,7
73,0
00
28
2,0
00
4,6
99
,00
0
63
1,0
00
1,2
79,5
00
33
4,0
00
7,2
25,5
00
11
,95
4,5
00
10 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Figure 6. --Floodwaters of the Comal River submerge Landa Street bridge at New Braunfels, Tex. , Sept. 11, 1952. Photo graph by Seidel Studio, New Braunfels, Tex.
DETERMINATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGES
Indirect determinations of peak discharge were made at 44 sites where current-meter measurements could not be obtained. Of the indirect determinations, 40 were made by the slope-area method, 3 by the contracted-opening method, and 1 by measurement of flow
EXPLANATION OF DATA 1 1
aver highway embankment. Several current-meter measurements were made at or near peak stage on the lower reaches of the Gua- dalupe River.
On September 13 and 14, immediately after the flood had sub sided and before highways were opened to traffic, S. D. Breeding and J. H. Montgomery inspected the flood area by chartered plane. By flying along the channels at about 1, 000 feet altitude, it was possible to locate the points of greatest flooding, find the straightest possible slope-area reaches, and spot access roads on county maps. About 900 miles of stream channels were inspected from the air. Many crooked and undesirable reaches of channel were thereby, eliminated. The most suitable-appearing reaches for slope-area determinations were given further inspection from the ground.
STAGES AND DISCHARGES AT STREAM GAGING STATIONS
Explanation of Data
The data given for each gaging station are as follows: a station description, a tabulation of daily discharge for the month of Sep tember, and a tabulation of stage and discharge at selected times of the day for the period of flood runoff.
The station description gives information about the type and lo cation of gage, size of drainage area, length of record, nature of gage-height record obtained during the flood period, definition of the stage-discharge relation, the maximum, stage and discharge during the present flood and previous maxima of record, and other pertinent information.
Daily mean discharge is tabulated for the month of September. A summary gives the monthly mean discharge in cubic feet per second, the runoff in acre-feet, and the runoff in inches for gaging stations where the discharge records are not affected by regulation.
The tabulation of stage and discharge at indicated time for the flood period is presented in sufficient detail to permit delineation of the instantaneous stage and discharge for the flood period.
A record of the flood was obtained on a water-stage recorder graph at most gaging stations. As 2 recording gages were destroyed and 1 submerged, these records had to be based on observations by local residents, on floodmarks, or on gage readings made by local gage observers.
The stage-discharge relation at many gaging stations was pre viously well defined by cur rent-meter measurements to the peak stage of the present flood. At those gaging stations where the peak
Z99183 O - 54 - 3
12 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
stage far exceeded previously measured discharge and an extensior could not be reliably made the peak discharge was .obtained by in direct methods. These methods, such as contracted-opening 01 slope-area method, or measurement of flow over highway embank ments, were used to determine peak discharges at 38 points other than gaging stations.
Figures 1, 8 and 9 are graphs of discharge at selected gaging stations.
n> -a i
QP
CTQ
O Oo
fi>
crenI-1- P
cr on>Wc: oP P
SJ flj en flj
DISCHARGE, IN THOUSANDS OF CUBIC FEET PER SECOND
VXVQ
r o 8 CO en
to O
M M
X
>
01
Fig
ure
8. --
Gra
ph o
f dis
char
ge
for
Lla
no a
nd P
eder
nal
es R
iver
s an
d of
infl
ow i
nto
Lak
e T
rav
is.
EXPLANATION OF DATA 15
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cd T3 rt
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fc
16 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Colorado River Basin
Colorado River at Winehe11, Tex.
Location. Lat 31°28'05", long 99°09'45", near left bank on downstream side of pier of bridge on 0. S. Highway 377, 0.3 ml south of Winchell, Brown County, 6.2 miles up stream from Home Creek, and at mile 561. Datum of gage is 1,264.86 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage' area. 24,580 sq mi, approximately, of which 11,900 sq mi is probably non- contributing.
Gage-height record.--Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 20-30.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 44,000 cfs 8 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 38.92 ft).1923-34, 1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 76,100 cfs Oct. 15, 1930 (gage height,
51.B ft, present site and datum).Stage known, 62.2 ft Sept. 19, 1936, present site and datum, from Information by
Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railway Co.
Remarks. Plow slightly regulated by Lake Nasworthy (capacity, 10,290 acre-ft), San Angelo Reservoir (capacity, 391,490 acre-ft) , Lake Colorado City (capacity, 30,800 acre-ft), and by Lake J. B. Thomas (capacity, 204,000 acre-ft). Practically all the flood-runoff occurred below these reservoirs.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0
8,810
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
30,900 2,660
916 430 246
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
158 112 299 143
69
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge52 5240 31 25
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge20 16
184 201 132
1,517 90,240
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
123456789
1011
N
Gage height
Sept0.97
Discharge
ember 80
September 9.97
2.02Sept
2.102.162.302.422.612.642.612.552.492.442.412.39
00
ember 10002.28.4
23262318139.87.76.5
Hour
12345e789
101112
12345
Gage height
2.3811.5416.0818.8221.3623.8125.9027.7029.3031.1033.1035.00
Sep35.7036.6037.2537.8538.35
Discharge
6.05,590
10,00012,80015,60018,20021,20023,70026,00028,70031,90035,100
;ember 1136,50038,50040,00041,40042,600
Hour
6789
1011
N123456789
101112
Gage height
38.7538.88J8.9238.8638.5538.0037.4036.3535.0032.6030.0025.0022.7020.0018.2016.6014.9013.2012.20
Discharge
43,60043,90044,00043,80043,10041,80040,40038,00035,10031,10027,00020,00017,20014,00012,10010,5008,8407,1506,200
Hour
2468
10N6
12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 1210.509.578.988.478.027.666.806.27Sept
5.534.98Sept
4.564.22Sept
3.963.73
4,6503,8203,3202,9102,5502,2801,6601,320
ember 13876591
ember 14412305
ember 15243194
San Saba River at Menard, Tex.
Location.--Lat 30°55', long 99°48', on right bank at bridge on 0. S. Highway 83 in Menard, Menard County, 0.7 mile downstream from Las Moras Creek. Datum of gage Is 1,863.05 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--1.151 sq mi.
Page-height record.--Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shlfting- control method used Sept. 17-26.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 535 cfs 10:30 a.m. Sept. 10 (gage height, 5.81 ft).1915 to August 1952: Discharge, 117,000 cfs July 23, 1938 (gage height, 22.2 ft,
present site and datum, from floodmark), from rating curve extended above 60,000 cfs on basis of slope-area determinations at gage heights 21.0 and 22.2 ft.
Stage known, 23.3 ft June 5 or 6, 1899, present site and datum, from Information by local resident.
Remarks. Some diversion Into Noyes Canal at point 4 miles upstream during month, but maximum flow on Sept. 10 not greatly affected.
COLORADO RIVER BASIN 17
San Saba River at Menard, Tex.--Continued
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0
85
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ...............
Discharge
11 3.6 2.2 1.6 1.2
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge0.9
.7
.4
.1
.2
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge0.2
.2
.6
.7
.4
Day
26 27 2829 30
Discharge3.1 9.7
12 14 14
5.39 321
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
123456789
Gage height Discharge
September 81.13Sept
1.131.13Sept
1.131.131.131.131.131.131.131.872.65
0ember 9
00
ember 100000000.8
18
Hour
1010:3011N123456789
101112
Gageheight
5.335.815.695.114.564.183.873.623.503.463.623.533.343.143.002.89
Discharge
34653548627316311992736663736755443630
Hour
48N6
12
N12
N12
height **<*»***
r September 112.63 172.49 112.39 8.22.27 5.72.21 4.7September 122.12 3.52.06 2.7September 132.01 2.11.97 1.7
Hour
N12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 141.961.93Septe1.921.90Septe1.891.88
1.61.3
>mber 151.21.0
>mber 16.9.8
September 171.871.85
.7
.5
Brady Creek at Brady, Tex.
Location.--Lat 31°08 T 15", long 99°19 I 55" J on left bank just upstream from bridge on U. S. Highway 377 on North Bridge Street In Brady, McCulloch County, 0.4 mile down stream from Live Oak Creek. Datum of gage is 1,646.50 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--575 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-contro1 method used Sept. 11-30.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 39,100 cfs noon Sept. 10 (gage^ height, 24.80 ft).1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 13,900 cfs April 27, 1941 Tgage height, 16.81 ft), Stage known, 29.1 ft July 23, 1938, present site and datum (discharge at site 5
miles downstream, 86,000 cfs by slope-area determination).
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 34 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 1.6
21,100
Day
U 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ...............
Discharge
6,740 117 31 11 5.0
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge4.4
71 155
9.4 4.9
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge3.7 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.7
Day
26 27 28 29 30
per second. ...................................
Discharge1.2
.9
.5
.4
.3
942 56,060
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N123456789
101112
12
Gage height Discharge
September 82.46
Sept2.452.573.143.243.343.954.13
.15
.11
.12
.66
.55
.40
Sept.30.20
0ember 9
000002.03.63.83.43.5
108.46.4
ember 105.24.2
Hour
3456789
1011
N12345678
Gage height
5.855.054.844.82
12.0018.5022.9023.0524.2024.8024.6023.8522.7221.4520.5519.9019.9020.25
Discharge
40171313
5,20021,20033,50033,90037,30039,10038,50036,30033,00029,40026,80025,00025,00026,000
Hour
9101112
123456789
1011
N2
Gage height
20.7020.9020.7520.40
Sep19.8519.3018.5017.5516.2515.0213.7512.5611.5010.659.959.508.89
Discharge
27,30027,80027,40026,400
tember 1124,90023,30021,20018,60015,20012,0008,9006,2604,3703,1802,2801,7201,010
Hour
468
1012
6N6
12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height
8.508.368.188.047.93Septe
7.707.537.407.28
Discharge
636502375296237
mber 12155101
6750
September 137.137.03Septe
6.976.91Septe
6.866.83
2916
mber 14106.5
mber 155.04.7
18 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
San Saba River at San Saba, Tex.
Location.--Lat 31°12'10", long 98°42'15", on left bank at downstream side of pier of bridge on San Saba-Chadwick Mill Highway, three-quarters of a mile northeast of San Saba, San Saba County, and 15 miles upstream from mouth. Datum of gage is 1,153.32 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. 3,046 sq ml.
gage-height record.--Water-stage recorder graph except Sept. 10, 11, when graph was drawn on basis of several gage readings, and Sept. 16, 17, 23-30 when only a fragmentary water-stage recorder graph was available.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 70,400 cfs 6 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 36.90 ft, from floodmark).
1904-6, 1915 to August 1952: Discharge, 203,000 cfs July 23, 1938 (gage height, 45.18 ft, from floodmarks), from rating curve extended as described above.
Flood of July 23, 1938 is highest known since at least 1899. Flood of June 6, 1899, reached a stage of 42.6 ft, from information by local resident.
Remarks. Low flow affected by diversions for Irrigation and municipal use.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
3.0 4.0 3.7 4.2 4.7
Day
67 8 9
10
Discharge
3.5 4.2 9.2
12 2,130
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
36,300 3,840
/99 436 295
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
200 650
1,510 903 344
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
194 223 132 126 119
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
112106 100
93 86
1,625 96,700
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N2468
1012
123456789
1011
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 82.99
Sep2.882.892.912.953.073.153.16
9.2tember 9
8.28.79.9
13222930
September 103.173.173.203.453.904.404.604.684.674.594.504.424.354.30
31313460
117190220233231218205193182175
Hour
3456789
101112
123456789
1011
N1
Gage height
4.255.309.40
13.2016.5019.1022.0025.0028.0031.30
Discharge
168335
1,2202,3403,3704,2605,8008,100
12,50021,600
September 1133.535.035.936.536.836.936.736.435.935.435.034.534.1
30,30042,00054,60064,00068,80070,40067,20062,40054,60047,60040,80035,10031,800
Hour
23456189
101112
123456789
1011
N
Gage height
33.633.032.532.031.430.830.229.528.928.327.6
Sep26.826.125.324.523.722.922.021.220.219.118.217.2
Discharge
28,80025,80023,30021,20019,00016,90015,30013,40012,10011,0009,780
member 128,7408,010t ,2506,6506,0805,4804,9504,5604,1203,7403,4403,070
Hour
123456789
101112
48N48
12
H12
N12
Gage height16.415.815.014.013.212.511.811.311.010.710.410.1
Sept9.158.508.017.637.307.00Sept
6.305.85Sept
5.555.30
Discharge
2,8202,6402,4002,1301,9201,7401,5601,4501,3901,3301,2801,220
ember 13984855768685616556
ember 14423344
ember 15292252
COLORADO RIVER BASIN 19
COLORADO RIVER BASIN
Colorado River near San Saba, Tex.
Location.--Lat 31°13'05", long. 98°33'50", on left bank at downstream side of pier of bridge on U. S. Highway 190, 5.2 miles downstream from San Saba River, 9.2 miles east of San Saba, San Saba County, and at mile 474. Datum of gage is 1,096.22 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--30,600 sq mi, approximately, of which 11,900 sq mi is probably noncon- tributing.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 14-30.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 69,000 cfs 2:30 p.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 38.36 ft).1915-22, 1923 to August 1952: Discharge, 224,000 cfs July 23, 1938 (gage height,
63.2 ft, present site, based on floodmarks at site then in use).Flood of July 23, 1938 is highest known since at least 1878. Flood of Sept. 25, 1900,
reached a stage of 58.4 ft, present site, from floodmarks at former site (discharge, 184,000 cfs).
Remarks. Flow partly regulated by Lake J. B. Thomas, Lake Colorado City, Lake Nasworthy, San Angelo Reservoir, Hords Creek Reservoir, and Brownwood Reservoir, having a combined capacity of 786,000 acre-ft. Practically all flood runoff occurred below these reservoirs.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
4.7 4.0 4.0 5.1 5.8
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
6.3 6.3 5.8
28 429
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ...............
Discharge
51,200 36,600 20,100 1,920 1,030
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
718 617
2,240 1,560
748
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge485 856 420 238 206
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
180 169 149 134 131
4,007 238,400
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
2468
10N2468
1012
1:302468
10N2
Gage height Discharge
September 81.30 5.8
September 91.301.301.301.301.301.311.321.431.471.581. !92.66
5.85.85.85.85.86.36.8
14183058
33 /September 10
3.23.3.182.782.592.502.422.382.39
616590391306270238222226
Hour
468
1012
123456789
1011
N12
2:30345
Gage height
2.562.843.083.344.60
Sep6.248.20
13.1019.3024.5028.7031.5033.8035.4036.5537.3037 .84:38.2038.3333.3638.3138.1057.82
Discharge
294420540677
1,520t ember 11
3,1605,560
13,10023,60034,00043,70050, ^0056,70061,00064,10066,10067,60068,60068,90069,00068,90068,30067,500
Hour
6789
101112
2468
10N2468
1012
246
Gage height
37.3536.7536.0035.2734.5033.6232.85
Discharge
66,20064,60062,60060,60058,60056,20054,200
September 1231.0829.5028.1226.7825.6024.6023.7323,0922.5122.0921.7621.47
Sep21.2721.0720.83
49,60045,60042,30039,10036,40034,30032,40031,10029,90029,00028,30027,700
tember 1327,30026,90026,500
Hour
810N2468
1012
2468
10N48
12
N12
N12
Gage height
20.4719.9019.0717.7816.0413.9011.639.347.52
Sept6.365.665.285.074.884.764.584.424.31
Sept3.993.75
Sept3.543.38
Discharge
25,80024,70023,10020,80017,90014,40010,7007,1204,680
ember 143,2402,4702,1001,9001,7301,6201,4701,3401,260
ember 151,000
850ember 16
704616
299183 O - 54 - 4
20 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Buchanan Reservoir near Burnet, Tex.
Locatl6n.--Lat 30 0 45'05", long 98°25'00", in powerhouse at Buchanan Dam on Colorado River, 1 mile upstream from bridge on State Highway 29, 10 miles west of Burnet, Burnet County, and at mile 413. Datum of gage is 0.48 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929 (levels by Lower Colorado River Authority).
Drainage area. 31,250 sq mi, approximately, of which 11,900 sq mi is probably noncon- tributing.
Gage-he ight re c ord.--Hourly readings of Selsyn indicator.
Maxima.--September 1952: Contents, 623,000 acre-ft Sept. 23-30 (gage height, 1,002.0
1937 to August 1952: Contents, 1,004.000 acre-ft July 27, 1938 (gage height, 1,020.5 ft).
Remarks.--Reservoir is formed by two reinforced concrete multiple-arch sections, three banks of taintor gates, and a 1,088-ft reinforced concrete spillway section. Dam completed and storage began May 20, 1937. Total capacity, 992,000 acre-ft (gage height, 1,020.0 ft, top of spillway section). Usable capacity for power development, 955,000 acre-ft between gage heights 937.0 ft (sill of powerhouse penstock) and 1,020.0 ft (top of spillway section). Water below gage height 937.0 ft can be withdrawn through two 5-ft Bunger gates (emergency) down to gage height of 890.0 ft. Figures given here in represent total contents. Water used for power development and irrigation of rice in several districts below Columbus.
Contents, in acre-feet, 12 p.m. September 1952
Day12345
Contents350,600345,600344,400343,200343,200
Day6789
10
Contents342,000342,000340,800340,800340,800
Day1112131415
Contents441,000537,000588,800601,400603,200
Day1617181920
Contents605,000606,800610,400615,800617,600
DayZlZ2Z3Z425
Contents619,400621,200623,000623,000623,000
Day26Zl282930
Change in contents during month .............................................
Contents623,000623,000623,000623,000623,000
+272,400
Llano River near Junction, Tex.
main channel, 3 miles east of Junction, Kimble County, 4 miles downstream from con fluence of North Llano and South Llano Rivers, and 4-3/4 miles upstream from Johnson Fork. Datum of gage is 1,630.32 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. --1,762 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements.
Maxima. --September 1952: Discharge, 24 cfs 1 p.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 1.01 ft).1915 to August 1952: Discharge, 319.000 cfs June 14, 1935 (gage height, 43.3 ft,
present site and datum, from floodmarks), from rating curve extended above 54,000 cfs on basis of slope-area determinations at gage heights 32.2 and 43.3 ft.
Flood of June 14, 1935 is highest known since at least 1888.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
14 15 15 15 15
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
15 15 15 16 21
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
23 23 Z2 20 ZO
Day
16 1Y 18 19 20
Discharge
19 19 19 19 19
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge19 18 19 20 21
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge21 20 20 19 18
18.5 1,100
COLORADO RIVER BASIN 21
COLORADO RIVER BASIN
Llano River at Llano, Tex.
Location. Lat 30°45', long 98°40', on right bank in Llano, Llano County, 0.4 miledownstream from State Highway 16 bridge, 2,290 ft downstream from City of Llano dam, 0.7 mile upstream from Oatman Creek, 3.8 miles downstream from Johnson Creek, 7.0 miles upstream from Little Llano River. Datum of gage is 970.0 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. 4,000 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 129,000 cfs and extended above on basis of slope-area determination at peak stage. Shifting-control method used Sept. 18.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 232,000 cfs 11 p.m. Sept. 10 (gage height, 32.6 ft).1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 108,000 cfs June 25, 1948 (gage height, 22.90 ft,
from floodmark).Stage known, 41.5 ft June 14, 1935 (discharge, 380,000 cfs, from rating extended
above 129,000 cfs as explained above), from information by local resident.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge0 0 0 0 0
Day6 7 8 9
10
Discharge0 0 0 0
52,000
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge51,400 3,000 1,070
582 386
Day1617 18 19 20
Discharge288 384
5,120 915 339
Day21 22 23 24 25
Discharge224 164 132 137 119
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge114 112
99 81 72
3,891231,500
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
6789
1011
N123456789
Gage height Discharge
September 101.611.631.641.681.731.801.882.032.342.45
14.9022.6025.3025.1525.6027.00
0.81.01.11.42.03.04.8
103754
42,800106,000134,000133,000138,000154,000
Hour
101112
123456789
1011
N1
Gage height
30.6032.6031.10
Discharge
202,000232,000210,000
September 1128.6026.4023.6020.1018.0016.8016.0515.4515.1019.2017.8016.0013.80
175,000147,000116,00081,90064,00055,60050,40046,40044,20073,80062,60050,00035,700
Hour
23456789
101112
48N48
12
Gage height
12.1011.2410.5210.009.559.208.908.658.448.248.04
Discharge
25,10019,90015,90013,10011,000
9,4008,2207,3206,6306,0405,500
September 127.507.086.826.426.125.87
4,2403,3502,8602,2201,8201,550
Hour
6N6
12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 135.535.285.124.87
Sept4.594.36
Sept4.194.08
1,2301,020
905736
ember 14570452
ember 15379336
September 163.923.86
279259
22 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Pedernales River near Johnson City, Tex.
Location.--Lat 30°18', long, 98°24', on right bank at upstream side of pier of bridge on U. S. Highway 281, 0.2 mile downstream from Plat Creek, 1.2 miles northeast of Johnson City, Blanco County, and 3.5 miles downstream from Buffalo Creek. Datum of gage Is 1,096.70 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929, supplementary adjustment of 1942.
Drainage area. 947 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Prom graph based on gage readings, readings from reference points and floodmarks.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 42,000 cfs and extended above on basis of slope-area determinations at gage heights 27.6 and 42.5 ft. Shifting-control method used Sept. 12-30.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 441,000 cfs 3 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 42.5 ft, from floodmark).
1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 128,000 cfs (revised) Aug. 30, 1944 (gage height, 27.6 ft from floodmarks), from rating curve extended as explained above.
Stage known, that of Sept. 11, 1952. A stage of about 33 ft occurred In July 1869, from Information by local residents.
Remarks. The concrete recording gage structure was overtopped and destroyed by the flood of September 1952.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0
54,300
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ..... .........
Discharge
129,000 2,190
661 387 292
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
244 329 962 352 198
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge156 134 123 117 103
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge97 88 82 76 68
6,332 376,800
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time. 1952
Hour
12
123456789
1011
N12345
Gage height Discharge
September 91.40
Sept1.401.401.401.41.41.41.41.51.82.32.63.03.33.64.04.55.0
0ember 10
00000000
.28.0
33137257406675
1,1201,730
Hour
6789
101112
123456789
1011
N
Gage height
9.217.525.233.440.840.139.0
Sep38.039.742.541.239.036.432.829.226.122.919.016.8
Discharge
9,23042,200
101,000218,000390,000369,000341,000
tember 11316,000358,000441,000402,000341,000281,000206,000149,000110,00079,20050,80038,400
Hour
123456789
101112
2468
10N2
Gage height
15.013.512.511.610.810.19.59.08.58.17.67.3Sep
6.76.25.85.45.204.884.75
Discharge
29,70023,60019,80016,60013,80011,6009,9208,8007,7707,0006,0605,520
tember 124,4403,5902,9302,3102,0101,7001,520
Hour
468
1012
6N6
12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height
4.604.454.354.254.15Septe
3.923.763.623.52Sept«
3.353.22Septe
3.183.12Septs
3.083.0
Discharge
1,3401,1801,080
978885
mber 13772645544478
>mber 14379313
>mber 15294266
smber 16248214
Lake Travls near Austin, Tex.
Location. Lat 30°23'20", long 97°54'35", In powerhouse at Mansfield Dam on Colorado River, 7.3 miles downstream from Sandy Creek, 12 miles northwest of Austin, Travls County, and at mile 318. Datum of gage Is 0.12 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929 (levels by Bureau of Reclamation).
Drainage area.--37,900 sq ml, approximately, of which 11,900 sq ml Is probably non- contributing. During the flood period the Inflow Into Lake Travls originated below Buchanan Reservoir from the intervening area of 6,650 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Oraph based on float gage readings.Discharge record. Inflow rates computed from gage readings at 15-minute intervals and
change in contents.Maxima. September 1952: Contents, 1,111,000 acre-ft Sept. 18 (gage height, 677.7 ft).
Rate of inflow, 803,000 cfs 7:30 a.m. Sept. 11.1940 to August 1952: Contents, 1,377,000 acre-ft Oct. 23, 1942 (gage height,
691.2 ft).Remarks. Reservoir is formed by concrete gravity-type dam. Storage began Sept. 9, 1940;
dam completed early in 1942. Total capacity, 1,950,000 acre-ft (gage height, 714.0 ft, top of spillway). Capacity between gage heights 681.0 and 714.0 fc is 778,000 acre-ft, and is reserved for flood control. Usable capacity, l,144.0ro acre-ft be tween gage heights 535.8 (bottom of 24 83 ft diameter Paradox gates) and 681.0 ft (maximum power pool). Bottom of penstocks, gage height 552.0 ft. Figures given herein represent total contents in acre-feet and rate of inflow in cubic feet per second.
COLORADO RIVER BASIN 23
COLORADO RIVER BASIN
Lake Travls near Austin, Tex.--Continued
Contents, in acre-feet, at 12 p. m., September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Contents
383,000 381,300 : 380,500 373,600 376,200
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Change in contents d
Contents
374,400 374,400 371,900 372,700 373,600
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Contents
1,073,000 1,085,000 1,085,000 1,085,000 1,089,000
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Contents
1,094,000 1,094,000 1,111,000 1,110,000 1,109,000
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Contents
1,109,000 1,107,000 1,105,000 1,105,000 1,105,000
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Contents1,105,000 1,103,000 1,102,000 1,100,000 1,100,000
+715,200
Rate of inflow, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
12
2:152:302:45
33:153:30
44:30
55:30
66:30
height Inflow
September 10600
September 11600 800
1,620442,900480,000195,000i505,000528,000562,000590,000615,000641,000365,000589,000
Hour
77:157:307:45
88:30
99:30
1010:30
1111:30
N12:30
11:30
hGelIht Inflow
757,000790,000803,000789,000782,000770,000758,000717,000603,000577,000530,000490,000454,000426,000405,000388,000
Hour
22:30
33:30
44:30
55:30
66:30
77:30
88:30
99:30
h^ht Infl
372,000357,000344,000329,000313,000297,000277,000255,000231,000202,000151,000109,00083,00062,00051,00042,000
Hour
1010:30
1111:30
123456789
1011
N
h^ght M
38,00034,00029,00026,000
September 1217,00014,00012,00011,00010,0009,0008,0007,0006,0005,0005,0005,000
Colorado River at Austin, Tex.
Location. Lat 30°14'40", long 97°41'20", on right bank just upstream from Hontopolis Bridge on U. S. Highway 183 at southeast edge of Austin, Travis County, 2.8 miles up stream from Walnut Creek, 3.8 miles downstream from Waller Creek, 5 miles downstream from Barton Creek, and at mile 290. Datum of gage is 407.28 ft above mean Sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. 38,160 sq mi, approximately, of which 11,900 sq mi is probably noncontri- buting.
Page-height record. --Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. --Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements.
Maxima . September 1952: Discharge, 3,720 cfs 12 p.m. Sept. 17 (gage height, 4.59 ft).1898 to August 1952: Discharge, 481,000 cfs June 15, 1935 (gage height, 45.0 ft,
from f loodm.ark) .Stage known since 1843, 46.0 ft July 7, 1869, present site and datum (adjusted to
present site on basis of record for flood of June 15, 1935) .
Remarks . Plow regulated by Buchanan Reservoir (see p. ), Lake Travis (see other smaller reservoirs, having a combined capacity of 3,939,600 acre-ft.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
), and
Day
12 34 5
Discharge
746 1,370 1,390
847 916
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
730 570 866 741 484
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
1,820 1,090
675 363
1,010
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
2,080 1,950 1,830 1,870 1,480
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
710 920 645 302 276
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
269 235 209 235 402
901 53,620
24 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Guadalupe River Basin
Guadalupe River at Comfort, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°58', long 98°54', on left bank at downstream side of pier of bridge on U. S. Highway 87, a quarter of a mile downstream from Cypress Creek, half a mile east of Comfort, Kendall County, and at mile 397. Datum of gage is 1,372.03 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--990 sq mi, approximately.
Gage -height record. Water-stage recorder graph except for Sept. 13-17, 20, during which only the peaks on Sept. 16, 17 were indicated. Recorder graph corrected on basis of outside gage readings and floodmark on Sept. 11, 12.
Discharge record. Stage -discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 13,000 cfs and extended to peak stage on basis of logarithmic plotting. Discharge for Sept. 13-17, 20 interpolated or computed from graph estimated on basis of normal re cession and indicated peaks. Shifting -control method used Sept. 18, 19, 21-30.
Maxima. --September 1952: Discharge, 38,600 cfs 6:30 p.m. Sept. 10 (gage height, 25.44 ft, from floodmark) ..
1917-32, 1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 182,000 cfs July 1, 1932 (gage height,ent), by slope-
area method.
, , 38.4 ft, from floodmarks, from data furnished by Texas Highway Departmen
.Stage known since at least 1848, that of July 1, 1932; flood of July 16, 1900,
reached about the same stage, from information by local residents.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0
6,900
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ............
Discharge
2,810 292 105
65 55
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge60 87
176 149
97
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge80 72 71 71 67
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge65 65 61 60 58
382 22,740
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
N12
N12
123456789
hGe!Sht Di-harge
September 82.38 02.38 0September 9
2.38 02.41 0September 10
2.41 02.69 172.71 192.73 212.73 212.77 262.84 343.43 1256.50 1,120
Hour
1011
NI23456
6:30789
101112
Gage height
9.7012.7213.1412.8712.6515.5018.0021.0024.5025.4423.5018.0013.5012.3011.9511.72
Discharge
2,3204,6705,1704,8404,6008,850
13,90021,80034,80038,60030,80013 , 9005,6604,2103,8303,600
Hour
123456789
1011
N123456
Gageheight Discharge
September 1110.909.658.507.927.909.60
13.0015.3515.5414.6013.8512.3010.348.607.446.766.245.82
2,9402,3001,8501,6301,6202,2805,0008,6008,9207,3306,1804,2102,6001,8901,4601,2201,030
887
Hour
789
101112
6N6
12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height5.585.345.144.984.884.80
Sept4.323.973.723.53
Sept3.293.15
Sept3.073.02
Sept3.003.00
Discharge
803719649593558531
ember 12371264193147
ember 139876
ember 146457
ember 155454
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 25
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
Guadalupe River near Spring Branch, Tex.
Location.--Lat 29°51'40", long 98°23'00", on right bank at downstream side of pier of bridge on county highway, 4 miles southeast of Spring Branch, Comal County, 6 miles downstream from Curry Creek, and at mile 334. Datum of gage is 948.13 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--1,452 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph except Sept. 16, 17, 19-22, when there was no gage-height record.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Dis charge for periods of no gage-height record estimated on basis of recorded range In stage and weather records. Shifting-control method used Sept. 23-30.
Maxima^--September 1952: Discharge, 66,900 cfs 4:30 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 35.83 ft).1922 to Aagust 1952: Discharge, 121,000 cfs July 3, 1932 (gage height, 42.10 ft),
from rating 2urve extended above 70,000 cfs.Stage known since at least 1859, about 53 ft In 1869; flood of July 1900 reached a
stage of aboat 49 ft, from information by local resident.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0
3,100
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
44,600 10,900
892 528 382
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
318 286 414 343 225
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge204 190 184 175 161
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge150 142132 124 119
2,119 126,100
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
N12
N123456789
101112
Gage height Discharge
September 90.82
.84Sep
.881.632.002.202.332.393.437.92
13.1516.9019.0019.8026.60
00
tember 100
1036638799
4343,5308,480
13,30016,10017,20030,200
Hour
1234
4:3056789
9:301011
N12
2:3034
Gage height Discharge
September 1129.0630.6531.2035.4035.8335.5034.1532.8031.3530.2030.1230.1430.4530.9931.3731.6031.6531.6031.45
37,30042,70044,80064,60066,90065,10058,00051,50045,30041,10040,80040,90042,00044,00045,40046,30046,50046,30045,700
Hour
56789
101112
123456789
1011
Gage height
31.1430.6530.2029.7029.2028.7028.1527.70
Sep27.1426.5525.8124.8523.9022.7021.1018.9514.4011.609.18
Discharge
44,50042,70041,10039,40037,70036,10034,40033,100
;ember 1231,60030,10028,40026,30024,30022,10019,30016,00010,0006,8704,660
Hour
N2468
1012
6N
12
N12
N12
Gage height
7.536.556.055.705.405.154.96Septe
4.534.233.85
Discharge
3,2002,4102,0401,7801,5601,4001,280
;mber 131,020
846638
September 143.623.43Septe
3.293.20
520434
mber 15376340
26 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Guadalupe River above Comal River at New Braunfels, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°42'55", long 98°06'40", on right bank at New Braunfels, Comal County, 1.1 miles upstream from Comal River, and at mile 281. Datum of gage Is 586.65 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--1,666 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements.Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-9. Backwater from Comal River 3 a.m. to 11 p.m. Sept. 11.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 72,900 ofs 1 p.m. Sept. 11; maximum gage height, 30.70 ft 12:30 p.m. Sept. 11 (affected by backwater from Comal River).
1927 to August 1952: Discharge, 101,000 cfs June 15, 1935 (gage height, 32.95 ft).Stage known, 38 ft In 1869 and In December 1913, from Information by local resi
dents .
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
5.4 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.6
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
4.4 4.6 4.6 9.0
138
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ...............
Discharge
46,500 32,800 2,540 1,400 1,020
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge820 694 751 843 698
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
630 536 472 429 396
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge370 347 329 312 293
3,079 183,200
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
N12
2468
10N2468
1012
12345
Gage height Discharge
September 90.81
.87Sept.91.93.92.98
1.141.131.141.241.351.892.812.82Sept
3.155.00
11.4017.6523.50
9.612
ember 10151716223938395166
164784794
ember 111,1903,8609,660
17,30026,900
Hour
6789
1011
N123456789
101112
12
Gage height
25.5525.8426.7528.3529.5530.3530.6230.6530.4029.9029.2028.5027.5026.6525.9525.3725.0824.8524.74
Sep24.6724.60
Discharge
36,50041,80047,20055,30061,80067,00070,70072,90071,30068,90064,60060,70056,60053,80052,00050,90050,20049,90049,500,
tember 1249,20048,800
Hour
3456789
1011
N123456789
101112
Gage height
24.5024.3324.1223.7823.5023.0922.7022.2721.8421.4020.9020.2519.6018.9017.9416.7514.9912.47
9.707.946.685.72
Discharge
48,40047,60046,60045,00043,80042,00040 , 40038,80037,40036,00034,50032,60030,80028,90026,40023,50019,50014,90010,7008,1306,3004,910
Hour
2468
10N6
12
N12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 134.924.574.344.184.023.923.693.48
Sept3.253.06
3,7503,2402,9102,6802,4402,3001,9801,680
ember 141,3801,160
September 152.912.80
Sept2.712.64
Sept2.572.52
1,000900
ember 16814751
ember 17690647
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 27
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
Comal River at Hew Braunfels, Tex.
Location.--Lat 29°42"05", long 98°07'10", on right bank 200 ft upstream from San Antonio Street viaduct in Hew Braunfels, Comal County, and 1.1 miles upstream from mouth. Da tum of gage is 582.80 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. 117 sq mi (revised).
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph except for period 3:20 a.m. Sept. 11 to 6:15 p.m. Sept. 16. Graph drawn on basis of outside gage reading Sept. 12-16.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 1,600 cfs and extended to peak stage on basis of slope-area determinations at gage heights 14.87 and 36.14 ft. Discharge for Sept. 11 estimated on basis of partial gage-height record, floodmark, and records for Guadalupe River above Comal River at Hew Braunfels. Backwater from Guadalupe River Sept. 12, 13. Shifting-control method used Sept. 17-23.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 35,000 cfs 11 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 36.14 ft, from floodmark).
1927 to August 1952: Gage height, 30.71 ft June 15, 1935, from floodmarks, back water from Guadalupe River (discharge not determined).
Stage known since at least 1869, 37.65 ft Oct. 17, 1870, from floodmark about half a mile downstream (may have been affected by backwater from Guadalupe River).
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
132 132 120 128 135
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
130 120 135 145 177
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
13,900 988 202 180 192
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge195 197 196 205 202
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge205 208 210 210 213
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge208 210 210 208205
663 39,470
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
2468
10N2468
1012
2468
10N2468
Gage height Discharge
September 82.10 110September 9
2.102.102.102.122.382.342.302.332.272.332.312.19Sept
2.302.272.212.342.462.42.42.32.32.4
110110110115183172161169153169164132
ember 10161153138172205188188161161188
Hour
1012
123456789
1011
N123456789
101112
Gage height
2.52.6
Discharge
216245
September 116.5
11.317.926.024.323.422.424.028.333.036.1434.031.028.025.222.321.120.219.719.319.118.918.718.5
1,7904,4809,010
17,80015,50014,40013,40015,20021,20029,20035,00031,00025,60020,70016,70013,10011,0009,0107,3206,1805,2004,4803,8303,250
Hour
2468
10N2468
1012
2468
10H6
12
H12
Gage height Discharge
September 1218.217.817.617.417.217.016.716.113.811.18.15.5Sep
4.523.873.453.102.822.772.602.48
Sep2.372.33
2,4601,8901,4501,090
854642502410312277245216
tember 13213210208205202199199191
tember 14180169
Hour
48H48
12
48H48
12
48H48
12
Gage height Discharge
September 152.322.332.532.482.452.43
Sept2.412.382.532.372.442.42
Sept2.422.452.512.492.462.71
166169225210202196
ember 16191183225180199194
ember 17188188199194185258
28 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Blanco River at Wimberley, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°59' 1,200 ft upstream Wimberley, Hays Coi 1929.
Drainage area. 364 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph except for period Sept. 1-22. Graph for period Sept. 10-22 was drawn on basis of frequent staff-gage readings and flood- mark of peak.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 30,000 cfs and extended above on basis of slope-area determination at peak stage. Discharge for Sept. 1-9 estimated on basl-s of discharge measurement and weather records. Shifting-control method used Sept. 10, 26-30. Backwater from debris Sept. 11-15.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 95,000 cfs 8:30 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 30.1 ft, from floodmark).
1924-26, 1928 to August 1952: Discharge, 113,000 cfs May 28, 1929 (gage height, 31.10 ft, from floodmarks), by slope-area method.
Stage known since at least 1869, that of May 28, 1929, from Information by local residents.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
7.5
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
} "168
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
36,900 1,260-
658 427 330
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
266 222332 279 196
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
182 162 139 133 125
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
122 116 108 103
98
1,413 84,090
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
2468
1010:30
H24568
1012
12
Gage height Discharge
September 90.50Sept.50.50.65.95
1.852.111.601.351.351.551.481.251.101.25Sept
15.0025.10
11ember 10
11113084
430589304200200282251166121166
ember 1124,00064,600
Hour
345678
8:309
1011
H123456789
Gage height
23.8022.0020.5023.6027.6029.9230.1029.9028.9026.0022.0018.3015.8513.8012.0010.209.208.367.707.15
Discharge
58,00049,50042,80057,00078,60093,70095,00093,60086,80069,50049,50033 , 10023 , 40015,90011,1007,5006,0004,7804,0503,500
Hour
101112
2468
10H2468
1012
48H
Gage height
6.686.285.94Sept
5.304.824.404.083.863.703.553.263.082.962.842.74Sept
2.662.502.26
Discharge
3,0502,7002,400
;mber 121,9501,6701,4601,3001,2101,1501,080
980920890850820
smber 13790740650
Hour
48
12
6N6
12
N12
H12
H12
Gage height
2.061.931.84Septe
1.731.641.581.52
Discharge
580530495
mber 14455420400372
September 151.401.29Septe
1.241.19Septe
1.111.08
332286
mber 16266246
mber 17217206
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 29
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
San Marcos River at Lulling, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°39'55", long 97°39'05", on left bank 390 ft downstream from bridge on State Highway 80, 1 mile south of Luling, Galdwell County, and 8 miles upstream from Plum Greek. Datum of gage is 322.05 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area. 833 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge re cord.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-10.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 57,000 cfs 1:30 a.m. Sept. 12 (gage height, 34.95ft}. T939 to August 1952: Discharge, 29,500 cfs July 5, 1942 (gage height 32.93 ft). Stage known, 40.4 ft in 1869 and 1870, from information by State Highway Department.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
92 84 84 82 81
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
81 62 96
109 2,610
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
9,420 25,000 2,020
930 693
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
560 482 686 620 482
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
401 362 338 312 299
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
283 273 267 249 242
1,577 93,820
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
6789
101112
123456789
1011
N123456789
1011IS
Gage height Discharge
September 93.153.103.083.123.203.153.30Sept
3.623.884.104.455.407.609.VO
12.6015.0017.4019.8521.2522.2022.6022.7522. V822.7022.5022.3322. 3622.5022.6522.8522.98
65626163686576
ember 10104124146183302594905
1,4001,8702,4703,1803,6403,980
,140,220,230,190,100,030,040,100,160,260,330
Hour
123456789
1011
N123456789
101112
11:30
23456
Gage height Discharge
September 1123.0322.9022.6021.9021.1520.2019.2018.3817.8017.6817.8518.1518.7019.3519.9320.3820.7421.7023.3528.7032.6533.9734.5034.85
Sep34.9434.9534.9034.7534.5534.5234.05
4,3504,2904,1403,8603,6003,2902,9902,7502,5802,5502,6002,6302,8403,0403,2103,3503,4703,8004,520
11,10029,00042,30049,80055,400
tember 1256,80057 , 00056,20053,80050,60047,10043 , 400
Hour
789
1011
N123456789
101112
2468
10N2468
1012
Gage height
33.7433.2732.6432.0031.4030.8230.2029.5528.9228.2527.7627.2526.7226.1525.5024.8524.1323.35
Discharge
39,50034,50028,90024,10020,40017,70015,40013,40011,70010,0009,0008,0907,3906,7006,0105,4604,9604,520
September 1321.3519.4017.5516.0014.7613.8713.1512.5612.1211.7311.4011.12
3,6703,0502,5102,1101,8201,6401,5001,3901,3101,2401,1801,130
Hour
2468
10N2468
1012
2468
10N2468
1012
48N48
12
Gage height Discharge
September 1410.8510.5610.2810.149.979.819.649.479.319.169.048.91
Sept8.798.698.588.488.388.288.178.07
.96
.89
.83
.74Sept.60.47.34.22.12.04
1,0901,040
995972946922896870846824806786
ember 15768754737722707692676660644635626614
ember 16594576558541527516
30 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Plum Creek near Luling, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°42', long 97°37', near left bank on downstream side of pier of bridge on county road, 1 mile downstream from West Fork Plum Creek, 2 miles upstream from Texas & New Orleans Railroad bridge, and 3 miles northeast of Luling, Caldwell County. Datum of gage Is 326.57 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--556 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 1,060 cfs 10-11 p.m. Sept. 10 (gage height, 10.17 ft).T930 to August 1952: Discharge, 78,500 cfs July 1, 1936 (gage height, 25.7 ft, from
floodmarks), from rating curve extended above 54,000 cfs.Stage known, that of July 1, 1936; flood of December 1913 reached about same stage,
from Information by local residents.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day12345
Discharge00000
Day
6789
10
Discharge000
.4496
Day1112131415
Discharge555344
25137.8
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet per second Runoff, in acre-feet ........... . . ... .......
Day1617181920
Discharge5.13.9
319237
26
Day2122232425
Discharge116.74.53.12.5
Day2627282930
Discharge2.22.01.81.81.7
69.0 4,100
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
2468
10N2468
1012
1234567
7:3089
1011
Gage height Discharge
September 9-0.63-.63-.63-.63-.13-.12-.04
.11
.09
.08
.08
.06Sept.06.05.07.14.27.37
1.241.391.101.552.503.45
000000
.11.41.11.01.0
.8ember 10
.8
.7
.91.85.29.7
140ISO118178263331
Hour
N123456789
101112
123456789
1011
N
h^fht Dischar*e
5,20 4826.75 6467.71 7528.17 8048.43 8368.66 8638.94 8979.24 9359.51 9719.89 1,020
10.17 1,06010.17 1,06010.05 1,050
September 119.60 9848.65 8627.52 7316.30 5975.06 4684.00 3753.23 3142.67 2752.35 2522.21 2422.40 2563.10 305
Hour
123456789
101112
123
3:30456789
1011
N
h^fht Dischar*e
3.94 3704.76 4415.46 5086.03 5676.55 6247,00 6747.33 7107.51 7307.55 7347.50 7297.31 7086.84 656September 12
5.96 5605.04 4674.21 3924.27 - 3814.27 3975.10 4725.78 5406.07 5726.12 5776.06 5715.83 5455.50 5124.99 462
Hour
1254561a9
101112
N12
N12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height
4.363.803.102.361.641.04
.79
.73
.69
.67
.64
.62Sept.54.49Sept.42.37Sept.33,30Sept.26.25Sept.23.22
Discharge
405359305253187107
594943403633
ember 132418
ember 14139.7
ember 157.76.2
ember 164.84.5
ember 173.83.5
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 31
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
Guadalupe River at Victoria, Tex.
Location.--Lat 28°47', long 97°01', on left bank just upstream from pier of bridge on U. S. Highway 59 in Victoria, Victoria County, 1,300 ft upstream from Texas & New Orleans Railroad bridge, 10 miles upstream from Coleto Creek, and at mile 51. Datum of gage is 29.23 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--5,511 sq mi.
Gage-height record.--Water-stage recorder graph except Sept. 1-11, during which graph was drawn on basis of once-daily outside gage readings by U. S. Weather Bureau.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-11, 15-30.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 28,400 cfs 7 p.m. Sept. 16 (gage height, 29.46 ft). 1934 to August 1952: Discharge, 179,000 cfs July 3, 1936 (gage height, 31.22 ft).
Stage known, that of July 3, 1936.
Mean discharge. ubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
123 123 119 117 113
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
113 121 121 229 417
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
1,110 3,330 6,040
10,400 16,400
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
25,300 23,700 9,550 3,130 2,640
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
2,840 2,140 1,900 1,740 1,580
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge
1,430 1,360 1,250 1,180 1,180
3,993 237,600
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
6N6
12
48N48
12
2468
10N2468
1012
6
Gage height Discharge
September 92.202.582.822.93
Sept2.912.923.073.593.833.69Sept
3.623.583.593.794.506.006.4/6.626.687.007.708.35Sept
10.34
155240298326
ember 10320323362502569530
ember 11510499502558^62
1,2701,4201,4801,5001,6201,8902,130
ember 122,940
Hour
N6
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
6N67
12
6N
Gage height
11.3112.1313.18
Sep14.5016.1017.6719.20
Sep20.6421.7723.0224.41
Sep26.0027.3028.1228.64
Sep29.0129.2929.4529.4629.41
Sep29.3329.14
Discharge
3,3903,7804,310
tember 135,0205,9506,9608,160
tember 149,340
10,30011,40012,700
tember 1514,40016,40018,30020,300
tember 1623,10025,90028,20028,40027,600
tember 1726,40023,900
Hour
48
12
2468
10N2468
1012
48N48
12
48N
Gage height
29.0028.8228.48
Sep28.2027.6026.5025.0023.1520.7518.4516.4015.0013.9913.2412.67
Sep12.0011.6011.3011.0010.6910.39
Discharge
22,00020,40018,700
;ember 1817,60016,20014,40012,50010,5008,2806,2905,1904,5304,1203,8403,610
tember 193,3603,2503,1203,0102,8702,740
September 2010.159.999.95
2,6402,5802,560
Hour
48
12
48N48
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
Gage height
10.0510.2410.46
Sept10.6610.8010.8110.6910.4410.04
Sept9.328.708.348.16Sept
8.178.278.258.04
Sept7.807.817. 167.56
Discharge
2,6002,6802,770
ember 212,8602,9202,9302,8702,7602,600
ember 222,3102,0801,9401,870
ember 231,8901,9301,9201,840
ember 241,7501,7501,7301,660
32 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Medina Lake near San Antonio, Tex.
cation.--Lat 29°32', long 98°56', at gate operating platform, 576 ft from left end of
Drainage area. 587 sq ml.
Page-height record. Wire-weight gage read once-daily when stage is changing materially, otherwise intermittently.
Maxima.--September 1952: Contents observed, 26,170 acre-ft Sept. 23-27 (gage height, 996.4 ft).
1913 to August 1952: Contents observed, 288,800 acre-ft Sept. 16, 1919 (gage height, 1,078.0 ft).
Remarks.--Reservoir Is formed by gravity-type concrete dam. Dam completed and storagebegan May 7, 1913. Spillway section is located near right end of dam and is of natural rock, 880 ft long, with a 3-ft wide cut-off wall. Total capacity, 254,000 acre-ft (gage height, 1,072.0 ft, top of spillway section). Water for irrigation Is supplied by three 60-Inch pipes equipped with vertical lift gates, at gage height 966.5 ft (capacity, 4,780 acre-ft). Reservoir can be emptied by two 30-Inch sluice pipes equipped with vertical lift gates, at gage height 920.0 ft. Water used for irrigation of lands in Bexar, Medina, Atascosa Counties Water Control and Improvement District No. 1, which has a permit from the Texas Board of Water Engineers to divert 300,000 acre-ft of water to Irrigate 150,000 acres. There is no power developed. Qage heights and capacity table furnished by Bexar, Medina, Atascosa Counties Water Control and Improvement District No. 1.
Contents, in acre-feet, September 1952
Day1 2 34 5
Contents
:
Day6 7 8 9
10
Contents14,080
14,080
Day11 12 13 14 15
Contents20,660 24,190 24,410 24,520
Day1617 18 19 20
Contents
24,630 24,630
26,060
Day21 22 23 24 25
Contents
26,170
26,170
Day26 27 28 29 30
Change In contents during month
Contents
26,170
26,060
+11,800
San Antonio River near Palls City, Tex.
Location. Lat 28°57'05", long. 98°03'55", on left bank 23 ft downstream from bridge on Farm to Market Highway 791, 0.9 mile upstream from Scared Dog Creek, and 3.6 miles southwest of Palls City, Karnes County. Datum of gage Is 285.49 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.
Drainage area.--2,071 sq mi.
Sage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-11, 23-30.
Maxima.--September 1952: Discharge, 857 cfs 4 a.m. to noon Sept. 13 (gage height, 2.51 ft, from floodmark).
1925 to August 1952: Discharge, 47,400 cfs Sept. 29, 1946 (gage height, 33.80 ft, from floodmark).
Stage known since at least 1875, that of Sept. 29, 1946, from information by local residents.
Remarks.--Flow partly regulated by Medina Lake (see preceding page) and Olmos flood- control reservoir, having a combined capacity of 269,500 acre-ft. Storage began In Medina Lake in 1913, and Olmos Dam was completed In 1926. Diversions above station for irrigation.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
73 70 61 61 64
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
67 70 67 75
107
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
522 813 845 507 201
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge145 122 274 206 278
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
167 126 112 112 115
Day
2627 28 29 30
Discharge115 115 112 112 108
194 11,550
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 33
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
Gage height,Palls City, Tex.- -Continue
cated time, 1952
Hour
12
48N48
101112
48N48
12
Gageheight Discharge
September 80.94Sept.96.96.96.96.96.96
1.061.07Sept1.041.011.101.081.121.03
67ember 9
737373737373
105108
ember 109889
11911212695
Hour
123456789
1011N123456
height Di-h"*e
September 111.03 951.03 951.03 951.08 1121.19 1511.62 3211.92 4792.01 5342.09 5842.20 6552.29 7142.33 7402.35 7522.35 7522.31 7262.26 6942.21 6622.17 636
Hour
789
101112
48N48
12
48N48
Gage height
2.152.162.202.252.292.33Sept2.412.432.442.472.492.50Septf2.512.512.512.492.47
Discharge
622629655688714740
smber 12792804811830844850
smber 13857857857844830
Hour
12
48N48
12
6N6
12
N12
N12
Gage height
2.42Septe
2.322.151.941.731.571.45Septe1.351.321.291.25Septe1.171.14Septe1.111.11
Discharge
798mber 14
733622491374299250
mber 15210198186170
mber 16140129
mber 17119119
Cibolo Creek near Bulverde, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°43'35", long 98°25'40", on left bank at William Classen ranch house, 1.8 miles downstream from bridge on U. S. Highway 281, 2 miles southeast of Bulverde, Comal County, and 4.7 miles upstream from Dripping Springs Creek. Altitude of gage is about 1,015 ft (from topographic map).
Drainage area.--198 sq mi.
Gage-height record.--Water-stage recorder graph except for two short periods totaling11 hours on Sept. 11, during which floodmarks were used to complete gage-height graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 4,400 cfs and extended above on basis of slope-area determination at peak stage.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 11,700 cfs 3 p.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 15.16 ft, from floodmark).
1946 to August 1952: Discharge, 8,510 cfs Sept. 27, 1946 (gage height, 12.50 ft, from floodmark), from rating curve extended above 4,400 cfs as described above.
Remarks.--The purpose of this station is to determine the streamflow losses during periods of medium and low flow. There are no surface diversions, but much of the surface flow enters sink holes and caverns in the Glen Rose limestone above station.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge0 0 0 0
24
Day11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge4,720
319 60 15 2.4
Day16 17 18 19 20
Discharge0.1 0
.2 0 0
Day21 22 23 24 25
Discharge0 0 0 0 0
Day26 27 28 29 30
Discharge0 0 0 0 0
171 10,200
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
123456789
1011
N12345
Gage height Discharge
September 81.11
Sep1.111.11
Sep1.111.111.111.481.361.391.371.341.351.331.321.331.331.321.311.421.37
0tember 9
00
tember 10000
.20000000000000
Hour
6789
101112
123456789
1011
N123
Gage height
1.361.382.122.853.643.803.74
Discharge
00
1159
186220207
September 114.36
10.7014.2012.5010.648.907.666.605.905.485.285.629.10
13.4015.16
3996,470
10,6008,5106,4004,4903,1302,0401,3901,030
8861,1504,7109,590
11,700
Hour
456789
101112
2468
10N2468
1012
Gage height
13.8011.509.189.279.208.187.106.305.78Sep
5.114.634.344.113.873.733.603.503.403.323.233.17
Discharge
10,1007,3504,8004,9004,8203,7002,5401,7501,280
tember 12767510391308238205178159141127113103
Hour
6N6
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
6N6
12
N1112
Gage height Discharge
September 133.002.832.682.53Septe
2.362.212.061.96Septe
1.861.771.671.57Septs
1.481.391.321.28Septt
1.231.341.56
78574129
>mber 1420149.06.2
mber 153.72.0
.8
.4;mber 16
.2000
jmber 1700
.4
34 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
Cibolo Creek at Selma, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°35'35", long 98°18'40", on right bank 0.6 mile downstream from Missouri -Kansas -Texas Railroad bridge and 0.8 mile upstream from bridge on U. S. Highway 81 at Selma, Bexar County. Datum of gage Is 728.34 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929.'
Drainage area. 280 sq ml.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements below 7,000 cfs and extended above on basis of slope-area determination at peak stage.
Maxima . September 1952: Discharge, 36,400 cfs 8 a.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 19.37 ft). to August 1952: Discharge, 7,240 cfs Sept. 27, 1946 (gage height, 10.48 ft).1946 to Augus : iscarge, , cs ep. , gage eg, .
Stage known since at least 1869, about 26 ft In 1889; flood of 1913 was probably about 2 ft lower, from information by local residents.
Remarks . --There are no surface diversions, but part of the flow enters Edwards limestone in the Balcones fault zone which crosses the basin between this station and the station upstream near Bulverde (see preceding page) .
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
0 0 0 0 0
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge
8,970 1,760
208 86 36
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge
16 6.2
12 5.0 2.4
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge
1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge0.9
.8
.8
.7
.6
370 22,040
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
N12
1234567
Gage height Discharge
September 80.36Sept.36.36Sept.36.38Sept.38.40.41.42
10.5014.4017.50
0smber 9
00
smber 1000
smber 110000
7,20016,60028,200
Hour
89
1011
N123456789
101112
Gage height
19.3717.6014.8312.2510.108.437.627.086.626.306.067.309.80
12.1912.9312.4411.58
Discharge
36,40028,60018,00010,9006,4804,0603,0902,5002,0201,7001,4602,7406,000
10,80012,50011,4009,380
Hour
2468
10N2468
1012
6N6
12
htlht Discha^e
September 129.22 5,1307.58 3,0506.63 2,0306.09 1,4905.72 1,1405.41 8745.21 7185.01 5824.84 4744.74 4194.64 3704.55 331September 13
4.33 2484.18 1984.04 1583.92 127
Hour
N12
N12
N12
N12
Gage height Discharge
September 143.713.51
Sept3.343.22
Sept3.123.02
Sept2.942.86
8252
ember 153424
ember 16169.3
ember 175.93.8
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN 35
GUADALUPE RIVER BASIN
Clbolo Creek near Palls City, Tex.
Location. Lat 29°01', long 97°56', on right bank at downstream side of pier of bridge on State Highway 123, 5.5 miles northeast of Palls City, Karnes County, and 9 miles upstream from mouth. Datum of gage Is 264.28 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929, Houston supplementary adjustment of 1943.
Drainage area.--831 sq ml.
Gage-height record.--Water stage recorder graph.
Discharge record. Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-10, 21-30.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 18,200 cfs 2 p.m. Sept. 11 (gage height, 27.93 ft). 1930 to August 1952: Discharge, 33,600 cfs July 6, 1942 (gage height, 34.45 ft). Flood In October 1913 reached a stage about half a foot higher than that of
July 6, 1942.
Remarks.--There are no surface diversions, but much of the surface flow of Clbolo Creek enters sink holes and caverns In Glen Rose limestone and In Edwards limestone In the Balcones fault zone which crosses the basin above station at Selma (see preceding page).
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 3 4 5
Discharge
4.9 6.2 6.6 6.2 5.3
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge
5.34.9 5.37.6
283
Day
11 12 1314 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, m acre-feet ................
Discharge9,380 7,440 4,790
521 323
Day
16 17 18 19 20
Discharge253 108 806 194
87
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge65 51 43 39 35
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge34 32 31 30 30
821 48,850
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
123456789
1011
N123456789
101112
Gage height Discharge
September 80.85
Sep.89.94Sep
.94
.94
.94
.94
.961.041.452.582.963.292.953.504.304.163.933.433.013.104.155.155.575.806.256.50
5.7member 9
7.49.8
;ember 109.89.89.89.8
111545
163213259212288414389351278219232387583677732840900
Hour
123456789
1011
N123456789
101112
Gageheight Discharge
September 116.316.316.326.908.50
10.6013.1015.8018.4021.3025.0026.5027.5527.9327.8427.4526.8626.1525.3024.5023.6022.6421.6520.66
854854857
1,0001,4802,2103,1904,5006,3209,130
13,50015,70017,50018,20018,00017,30016,30015,10013,90012,80011,70010,6009,5208,460
Hour
2468
10N24678
1012
2468
10N2468
1012
Gage height Discharge
September 1219.0017.9017.6217.9418.5519.3020.1020.7321.1021.1521.1220.8020.20
Sep19.5219.0218.7318.4517.9517.0615.8214.2012.4010.25.87267.00
6,8505,9305,7305,9606,4407,1207,9008,5308,9108,9608,9308,6008,000
:ember 137,3206,8706,6106,3605,9605,3404,5103,6602,910
- 2,0801,4001,030
Hour
48N48
12
6N2468
1012
2468
10N6
12
N12
Gageheight Discharge
September 145.705.004.534.183.913.67
Sept3.393.153.083.023.053.905.506.36
Sept5.304.003.282.942.752.642.442.32
Sept2.111.98
708550456392348312
ember 15273239229221225346660866
ember 16616362257210186171145130
ember 17105
92
36 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
San Antonio River at Goliad, Tex.
Location. Lat 28°39', long 97°22', on right bank at upstream side of pier of bridge on U. S. Highway 183, 1.3 miles southeast of courthouse in Goliad, Goliad County, and 10 miles upstream from Manahuilla Creek. Datum of gage is 91.08 ft above mean sea level, datum of 1929, Houston supplementary adjustment of 1943.
Drainage area. 3,918 sq mi.
Gage-height record. Water-stage recorder graph except for period Sept. 10-14, when graph was estimated on basis of floodmark of peak and observer's gage readings and estimates of gage heights (after outside gage was destroyed).
Discharge record.--Stage-discharge relation defined by current-meter measurements. Shifting-control method used Sept. 1-9, 15-18, 21-30.
Maxima. September 1952: Discharge, 23,900 cfs about 11 a.m. Sept. 14 (gage height, 39.82 ft, from floodmark).
1924-29, 1939 to August 1952: Discharge, 33,800 cfs July 9, 1942 (gage height, 44.9 ft).
Floods of October 1913 and June 15, 1935, reached about same stage as that of July 9, 1942.
Remarks. Plow partly regulated by Medina Lake and Olmos flood-control reservoir, having a combined capacity of 269,500 acre-ft. Storage began in Medina Lake in 1913, and Olmos Dam was completed in 1926.
Mean discharge, in cubic feet per second, September 1952
Day
1 2 34 5
Discharge
81 86 89 82 79
Day
6 7 8 9
10
Discharge69 71 74 80
993
Day
11 12 13 14 15
Monthly mean discharge, in cubic feet Runoff, in acre-feet ................
Discharge8,070
15,200 21,100 23,400 15,800
Day
16 1-7 18 19 20
Discharge5,060
946 860
1,840 1,800
Day
21 22 23 24 25
Discharge702 547 396 315 275
Day
26 27 28 29 30
Discharge252 238 238 230 222
3,306 196,800
Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in cubic feet per second, at indicated time, 1952
Hour
12
N12
123456789
1011
N123456789
101112
246
Gage height Discharge
September 82.59Sept
2.592.66Sept
2.662.662.662.662.672.672.682.692.692.783.534.695.516.327.508.509.74
10.9011.8012.9013.9014.9015.9016.90
Sept18.3020.0021.50
77ember 9
7789
ember 10898989899191939595
111234416561718965
1,1801,4801,7702,0102,3702,7003,0703,4603,920
ember 114,6405,3106,010
Hour
810
N2468
1012
48N48
12
48N48
12
48
11N48
12
48
Gage height
23.0024.1525.3026.3027.2528.1529.0029.8030.40
Sep31.7032.9033.9034.8035.6436.40
Sep37.1037.7038.2138.7039.1039.45
Sep39.7039.8039.8239.8039.7839.3038.70
Sep38.0037.00
Discharge
6,8007,4408,1708,7609,390
10,00010,80011,50012,100
bember 1213,10014,20015,20016,30017,40018,500
;ember 1319,60020,40021,20022,00022,60023,200
;ember 1423,70023,80023,90023,80023,80022,90021,900
;ember 1520,50018,300
Hour
N48
12
2468
10N2468
1012
48N48
12
12468
10N6
12
Gage height
35.9034.5032.9431.06
Sep29.9528.6827.3325.8624.3122.5020.6318.7816.9415.1213.4511.74
Sep9.278.207.907.677.447.07Sep
6.926.956.987.007.027.137.277.827.67
Discharge
15,80013,10011,1009,700
bember 169,0208,0907,1506,2305,3604,6003,9603,3902,8602,4002,0001,600
;ember 171,110
902860833805728
;ember 18718724730734738782833
1,0301,000
Hour
12468
10N48
1112
48N48
12
48N48
12
K12
N12
If12
Gage height Discharge
September 197.657.687.988.629.52
10.4811.5212.9413.7413.9113.90
Sept13.4612.5111.149.578.127.12Sept
6.596.246.136.106.086.01
9961,0001,0701,2101,4201,6601,9402,3202,5502,5902,590
ember 202,4702,2001,8401,4401,100
885ember 21
763692670664660646
September 225.515.03Sept
4.684.44Sept
4.244.13
543457
ember 23389348
ember 24309293
FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS 37
SUMMARY OF FLOOD STAGES AND DISCHARGES
Table 2 is a summary of flood discharges for the flood of 1952 nd comparative data for previous floods at stream-gaging stations ndat locations where no systematic streamflow records have been ollected on streams in the area covered by this report. Dated ntries in the column "Period of record" identify gaging stations
the table. Locations are plotted on plate 1, showing all points >t which maximum discharge during the flood was determined.
Figure 10, embodying data from table 2, shows the flood dis- :harges in cubic feet per second per square mile for the floods of .952 plotted against the corresponding drainage areas.
Tab
le 2
. --
Su
mm
ary
of
floo
d st
ages
and
dis
char
ges
in
Co
lora
do
and
Guad
alupe
Riv
er b
asin
s in
centr
al
Tex
as,
Sep
tem
ber
19
52
[Max
imum
dis
char
ges
wer
e o
bta
ined
fro
m g
agin
g st
atio
n r
ecord
s o
r o
pen
ing d
eter
min
atio
n; F
, co
mp
ute
d f
low
over
hig
hway
em
ban
km
ent;
by d
isch
arge
mea
sure
men
t nea
r cre
st e
xce
pt
as i
ndic
ated
by
the
foll
ow
ing s
ym
bo
ls:
C,
con
trac
ted
- R
, in
flow
to
rese
rvo
ir,
bas
ed o
n ra
te o
f ch
ange
of
conte
nts
in
rese
rvoir
; S
, sl
op
e-a
rea d
eter
min
atio
n]
No.
on pn i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Str
eam
and
pla
ce o
f det
erm
inat
ion
CO
LO
RA
DO
RIV
ER
BA
SIN
Colo
rado R
iver
at
Bal
linger
, T
ex.
Elm
Cre
ek a
t B
alli
ng
er,
Tex
.
Con
cho
Riv
er n
ear
Pai
nt
Roc
k,.
Tex
.
Colo
rad
o R
iver
at
Win
chel
l,
Tex
.
Pec
an B
ayou
at
Bro
wnw
ood,
T
ex.
San
Sab
a R
iver
at
Men
ard
, T
ex.
Bra
dy C
reek
at
Bra
dy
, T
ex,
San
Sab
a R
iver
at
San
Sab
a,
Tex
.
Colo
rado
Riv
er a
t S
anS
aba,
T
ex.
Bee
Wat
er H
ole
Bra
nch
nea
r C
her
okee
,T
ex.
Ch
ero
kee
Cre
ek n
ear
Chap
pel
, T
ex.
Dra
inag
e are
a
(squar
e m
iles
)
a 5,2
40
458
a 5,
263
a 12
, 68
0
1, 6
14
1, 1
51 575
3, 0
46
a 18
, 70
0 4.74
162
Per
iod
of
reco
rd
1907
-52
1932
-52
1915
-52
1923-3
4,
1939
-52
1917
-18,
1923
-52
1915
-52
1939
-52
1904
-6,
'1915-5
2
1915
-22,
1923
-52
-_.
_-.
Max
imum
flo
od p
revio
usl
y k
now
n
Dat
e
1884
Aug
. 6,
19
06S
ept.
18
, 19
36
Au
gu
st
1906
May
14
, 19
46
Au
gu
st
1882
Aug
ust
1906
Sep
t.
17,
1936
Oct
. 15
, 19
30S
ept.
19
, 19
36
Sep
tem
ber
190
0O
ct.
14,
1930
July
3,
19
32
June
5 or
6, 1
899
July
23
, 19
38
July
23
, 19
38A
pr.
27
, 19
41
June
6,
1899
July
23
, 19
38
Sep
t.
25,
1900
July
23
, 19
38
...
(m)
Gag
e h
eig
ht
(fee
t)
b 36
d 3
2.0
28
.6
b,c
14
.61
0.8
4
b 3
9.9
e 39.5
f 4
3.4
51
.8g
62.2
g21.7
16
.92
---
e 23.3
f 22
. 2
i 29
. 1
16.8
1
e 42
. 6
f 4
5.1
8
k 5
8.4
k 63.2
_--
-_.
Dis
char
ge
(cfs
)
--_
75,
400
29,
200
...
-_.
30
1,0
00
76,
100
---
--.
52,
700
h 235,0
00
117,0
00
j 86,0
00
13,
900
._-
20
3,0
00
184,
000
224,0
00
--.
...
Cfs
per
squar
e m
ile
.-.
..-
14.4
63
.8
_-_
57
.2
6. 0
0--
-
32.
614
6
102
150 24.2 ..-
66.
6
9.8
31
2.0
...
--
Max
imum
du
rin
g p
rese
nt
floo
d
Dat
e an
d hour
Sep
t.
10
Sep
t.
10,
2 p
.m.
Sep
t.
10,
6:30
p.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
8 a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
7 a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
10:3
0 a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
12 m
.
Sep
t.
11,
6 a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
2:30
p.m
.
Sep
t.
10
Sep
t.
11,
5 a.m
.
Gag
eh
eig
ht
(fee
t)
c 9.
20
7. 3
6
13.
97
38.
92 .70
5. 8
1
24
.80
f 3
6.9
0
38.
36
...
...
Dis
char
ge
(cfs
)
1, 9
00
8, 6
00
1,3
70
44,
000 5.
0
535
39,
100
70,
400
69
,000
2, 8
50C
m 4
6, O
OOS
Cfs
per
squ
are
mil
e 0. 3
6
18.8 .2
7
3.7
7
0
.46
68.0
23.
1
3.6
9
601
284
r o § CD
CJ
1to O M
«
H
» > r
SUMMARY OF FLOOD STAGES AND DISCHARGES 39
CO *-t C- CO
_ooooo
Junction, Tex.
aG
Llano River
OJH
3id
id0) G
Llano River
0) EH
auac0)
I
a
ear Llano, Tex.
GM 0)
Six Mile Cr
X
o"
1
GX
Johnson Cre
EH
f
3id u G
O
§
X
EH
8idJId
Llano River
X H
I3idC
j<iD
Oatman Cre
EH
8idJid c
O
X!
g
"I
0)H
r at Lone Grove,
g «o G
3
3
r Kingsland, Tex
id0)G
Honey Cree
X
Ho" G id3SiidG
X!
G idt4
03M Oa
x'
oS 3id
G >>
a42
X!
Gid «mMOa
0)H
O
Snear
Coal Creek
H
0
O
idS
X!
Gid g o O
X
H
r Round Mountain
nJ 0) C
0) 0
U
t a! en
H
ar Round Mountal
G
6 I"a
H
Gid
2
o
> K
Pedernales
xT
A
o
near
M
L,U3 o
H
Fredericksburg,
near
J<!0)<uO
id <um
X
EH
6D
3
near Fredericksb
J<! <u
Live Oak Ci
EH
M
near Fredericks!:
end of table.
I 13
o c<^ o
'a >JOH OT
Tab
le 2
. --
Su
mm
ary
of
floo
d st
ages
and
dis
char
ges
in
Co
lora
do a
nd G
uad
alupe
Riv
er b
asin
s in
centr
al
Tex
as,
Sep
tem
ber
19
52
--C
on
tin
ued
No.
on
pll
34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
Str
eam
and
pla
ce o
f det
erm
inat
ion
CO
LO
RA
DO
RIV
ER
BA
SIN
--C
on
tin
ued
Sou
th G
rap
e C
reek
nea
r S
tonew
all,
T
ex.
Ped
ernal
es
Riv
er a
t S
tonew
all,
T
ex.
Roc
ky C
reek
nea
r H
ye,
Tex
.
No
rth
Gra
pe
Cre
ek n
ear
San
dy,
Tex
.
Ped
ernal
es R
iver
nea
r Jo
hnso
n C
ity,
Tex
Mil
lers
Cre
ek n
ear
Johnso
n C
ity,
T
ex.
Cy
pre
ss C
reek
at
Cypre
ss M
ill,
T
ex.
Ped
ern
ales
Riv
er n
ear
Spi
cew
ood,
T
ex.
Lak
e T
rav
is n
ear
Aust
in,
Tex
.
Colo
rado R
iver
at
Aust
in,
Tex
.
GU
AD
AL
UP
E R
IVE
R B
AS
IN
Joh
nso
n C
reek
nea
r In
gra
m,
Tex
.
Gu
adal
up
e R
iver
at
Com
fort
, T
ex.
Big
Jo
shu
a C
reek
nea
r W
arin
g,
Tex
.
Lit
tle
Josh
ua
Cre
ek n
ear
Wel
fare
, T
ex.
Gu
adal
up
e R
iver
nea
r S
pri
ng
Bra
nch
, T
ex.
Dra
inag
e are
a
(sq
uar
e m
iles
)
61.
0
647 28
.1
85.7
947 51
.3
52.1
1,26
0
a 6,
650
ad 3
8, 1
60 150
990 17
.8 8.94
1,4
32
Per
iod
of
re
cord
...
-"
1939
-52
...
1940
-52
1898
-195
2
1941
-52
1917-3
2,
1939
-52
...
_.
1922
-52
Max
imum
flo
od p
revio
usl
y k
now
n
Dat
e
---
1913
1876
"-
July
18
69
Aug
. 30
, 19
44
May
28
, 19
29
...
"-
...
July
7,
18
69
June
15,
1935
July
2,
19
32
June
14,
1935
June
23,
1947
July
16
, 19
00
July
1,
19
32
...
1869
Ju
ly
1900
Ju
ly
3,
1932
Gag
eh
eig
ht
(fee
t)
(z)
27.
3
...
...
b 33
2
7.6
(ac)
...
...
...
ae 4
6.0
f
45
.0
b 35
b
31
or3
21
1.7
6
b 3
8.4
ag
38.4
...
...
ah 5
3 b
49
42
.10
Dis
char
ge
(cfs --
-
...
...
...
128,0
00
22,9
00
...
...
...
48
1,0
00
af 1
38,
000
16,2
00
182,0
00
...
...
121,
000
Cfs
per
sq
uar
e m
ile
...
...
...
...
135
446 ..
.
...
...
12
.6
920
108
184 ..
.
...
84
.5
Max
imum
du
rin
g p
rese
nt
floo
d
Dat
e an
d hour
Sep
t.
10,
9:30
p.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
12:3
0 a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
2 a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,l
l-12p.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
3 a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
10 p
.m.
Sep
t.
10,
10 p
. m
.
Sep
t.
11, a
bout
6 a
m.
Sep
t.
11,
7:30
a.m
.
Sep
t.
17,
12 p
.m.
Sep
t.
10,
6 p
.m.
Sep
t.
10,
6:30
p.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
4:45
p.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
5 p
.m.
Sep
t.
11,4
:30 a
.m.
Gag
e h
eig
ht
(fee
t)
...
28
.4
(aa)
(ab)
f 42
. 5
(ac)
...
...
... 4.5
9
5.0
8
f 2
5.4
4
...
...
35
.83
Dis
char
ge
(cfs
)
30,
500S
170,
OOO
S
38
,70
03
117,
OOO
S
441,0
003
34,
700S
6.2
10F
45
2,0
00
3
80
3.0
00
R
3,7
20
1,1
20
38,6
00
30
,90
03
12
,80
03
66
,90
0
Cfs
per
squ
are
mil
e
500
263
1,38
0
1,37
0
466
676
119
359
121
7
.47
39.0
1,74
0
1,43
0 46
.7
r o o D CO
CJ
1 C
O O
H fe
Gu
adal
up
e R
iver
abo
ve C
om
al R
iver
at
New
Bra
un
fels
, T
ex.
Com
al C
reek
at
New
Bra
un
fels
, T
ex.
Dry
Co
mal
Cre
ek a
t N
ew B
raunfe
ls,
Tex
.
Com
al R
iver
at
New
Bra
un
fels
, T
ex.
Bla
nco
Riv
er n
ear
Bla
nco
, T
ex.
Hin
es C
reek
nea
r B
lanco
, T
ex.
Lit
tle
Bla
nco
Riv
er a
bo
ve
Tw
in S
iste
rs,
Tex
Lit
tle
Bla
nco
Riv
er b
elow
Tw
in S
iste
rs,
Tex
Bla
nco
Riv
er a
t W
imb
erle
y,
Tex
.
Bla
nco
Riv
er a
t S
an M
arco
s ,
Tex
.
San
Mar
cos
Riv
er a
t L
uli
ng,
Tex
.
Plu
m C
reek
nea
r L
uli
ng,
Tex
.
Gu
adal
up
e R
iver
nea
r G
on
zale
s,
Tex
.
Guad
alupe
Riv
er a
t C
uer
o,
Tex
.
Gu
adal
up
e R
iver
at
Vic
tori
a,
Tex
.
Co
leto
Cre
ek n
eat
Vic
tori
a,
Tex
.
San
Anto
nio
Riv
er a
t S
an A
nto
nio
, T
ex.
See
fo
otn
ote
s at
end
of
tab
le.
1,6
66 17
.9
94 117 93
.5 2.92
21.8
60.3
364
432
833
356
3,6
03
5,0
73
5,3
11
514
a 42
1927-5
2
...
1882
-195
2 ak
"-
"-
...
1924-2
6,
1928
-52
...
1939
-52
1930
-52
1915-2
2
1903-6
, 19
15-5
2
1934
-52
1939
-52
1915-2
9,
1939
-52
1869
D
ecem
ber
19
13
June
15,
1935
1882
1882
Oct
. 17
, 18
70
June
15,
1935
1929
(aq)
1919
May
28
, 19
29
May
28
, 19
29
-
18
69
1870
Ju
ly
5,
1942
Dec
emb
er
1913
Ju
ly
1,
1936
Dec
. 4,
19
13
Oct
. 18
, 19
19
May
29
, 19
29
Mar
. 1,
19
03
July
2,
19
36
July
3,
19
36
July
1,
19
36
Oct
. 16
, 19
46
July
5,
18
19
June
10,
1921
e 38
e
38 32
.95
<aj)
(aj)
am 3
7. 6
5 c,
f 3
0.7
1
(ap)
...
(ar)
...
as 3
1. 1
0
(at)
au4
0.
4 au
40.
4
32
.93
b 2
5.7
f
25
.7
av 3
8. 1
av
34.
1
av 3
8.3
2
aw 4
3.0
av
43
.2
31.
22
ax 2
7. 2
ay
31.
64
(az)
f 20
. 14
101,0
00
...
...
(an) ...
...
...
...
113,
000
29,5
00
78,
500
43
,60
0
71,
300
179,0
00
89,
000
15,
300
60.6
...
...
...
...
...
310 ..
.
50
.0
221 12
.1
14.
1
33
.7
173
364
Sep
t.
11,
1 p
.m.
Sep
t.
11,
4 a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
11 a
.m.
Sep
t.
11,
11 a
.m.
Sep
t.
11,
1:30
a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
8 p
.m.
Sep
t.
10,
9 p.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
9 p
.m.
Sep
t.
11,
8:30
a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
12 m
.
Sep
t.
12,
1:30
a.m
.
Sep
t.
10,
10-l
lp.m
.
Sep
t.
12,8
-9 p
.m.
Sep
t.
15,
2:15
a.m
.
Sep
t.
16,
7 p
.m.
Sep
t.
12,
2 a.m
.
Sep
t.
18,
1 a.m
.
ai 3
0. 7
0
...
f 36
. 14
---
(aq) ...
...
f 30
. 1
...
34
.95
10.
17
av 3
4. 3
8
av 3
. 10
29.
46
13.7
1
3. 4
7
72,9
00
8, 4
80S
35,0
008
35
,00
08
61,9
008
5,4
303
19,9
008
41,0
008
95,0
003
96,4
00
57,
000
1,0
60
90
,90
0
44,
700
28,4
00
13
,20
0
363
43.8
474
372
299
663
1,86
0
909
680
261
223 68.4
2.9
8
25.2
8.8
1
5.3
5
26.8
8.6
4
Tab
le 2
. --
Su
mm
ary
of
floo
d st
ages
and
dis
char
ges
in
Co
lora
do
and
Gau
dal
upe
Riv
er b
asin
s in
centr
al
Tex
as,
Sep
tem
ber
19
52
--C
on
tin
ued
No.
on
p
i 1
66 67 68 69 70 71 72
Str
eam
and
pla
ce o
f det
erm
inat
ion
GU
AD
AL
UP
E R
IVE
R B
AS
IN--
Conti
nued
VIe
dina
Riv
er n
ear
San
An
ton
io,
Tex
.
San
Ant
onio
Riv
er n
ear
Fall
s C
ity,
Tex
.
Cib
olo
Cre
ek n
ear
Boer
ne,
T
ex.
Cib
olo
Cre
ek n
ear
Bulv
erde,
T
ex.
Cib
olo
Cre
ek a
t S
elm
a,
Tex
.
Cib
olo
Cre
ek n
ear
Fall
s C
ity,
Tex
.
San
An
ton
io R
iver
at
Goli
ad,
Tex
.
Dra
inag
e
are
a
(sq
uare
m
iles)
1,2
25
2,0
71 77
.6
198
280
831
3,9
18
Per
iod
of
re
co
rd
1929-3
0,
1939-5
2
1925-5
2
...
1946-5
2
1946-5
2
1930-5
2
1924-2
9,
1939-5
2
Max
imum
flo
od p
rev
iou
sly
kno
wn
Dat
e
(ba)
Aug
. 29
, 19
46S
ept.
27,
1946
Sep
t.
29,
1946
June
1,
1937
1913
Sep
t.
27,
1946
---
1889
1913
Sep
t.
27,
1946
Oct
ober
19
13Ju
ly
6,
1942
Oct
ober
19
13Ju
ne
15,
1935
July
9,
19
42
Gag
e h
eig
ht
(fee
t)
ba
55 __-
c 41.5
7
bb 3
3.8
0
(be)
(bd)
f 12.5
0
b 26
b 24 1
0.4
8
be
35.0
34.4
5
be
44.9
be
44.9
44.9
Dis
char
ge
(cfs
)
.
31
,80
0
47,4
00
"-
.._
8, 5
10
-.-
___
7, 2
40
._.
33
,60
0
--_
-__
33,
800
Cfs
per
squ
are
mil
e
...
25.
9--
-
22.
9
...
-.-
43.0
--_
25.
8
.-_
40.5
...
---
8. 6
3
Max
imu
m d
uri
ng p
rese
nt
floo
d
Dat
e an
d hour
Sep
t.
12,
1:30
a.m
.
Sep
t. 1
3,4
a.m
. to
12 m
.
Sep
t.
10,
5 p.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
3 p.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
8 a.m
.
Sep
t.
11,
2 p.m
.
Sep
t.
14,
abo
ut
11
a. m
.
Gag
e h
eig
ht
(fee
t)
9. 1
1
f 2
.51
"-
f 15
. 16
19.
37
27.9
3
f 39.8
2
Dis
char
ge
(cfs
) 801
857
27
,90
03
11,7
003
36
,40
08
18,
200
23,
90
0
Cfs
per
square
m
ile
0. 6
5
. 41
360 59
. 1
130 21.
9
6. 1
0
8 o»
O CO
UI to n M a H » > r H M Ixl
SUMMARY OF FLOOD STAGES AND DISCHARGES 43
S 8
^3 d
^5 g e
5-2
^_o a
>5
a -<
rt rtbo ^
3 *
Includes noncontr Highest stage sim
T3 QJa a
a
p O
a
1-9 1 51^H
m Pcn
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record for floo furnished by DI
1-1 ° 1glle downstr
s maximun
'S 'u
a rt"
^ 55
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-1
rt
rt
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C S°B
3-**u ^
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Determined at po: miles above ga From floodmark, Highway Depar
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rt0)
13
o.2
c
About; highest knc
JS
ti -0
13 <D
1 £ ?, acted by bac led about s
En rtrt <u
L*' " (N
£ ""
_ -a
Occurred at 12:3C Floods of 1882 an
~! r-,rt rt
O
- S
3 s
a S'c a
£ 'rtQJ ,£3 "3
s£U n<
Only discharge m From floodmark ;
^ Grt rt
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^ 5£ o
boa!S5 >- 0 0rt co
o «S LQ
raS ?«*H O
fcl Ku 2 1 ^? 0
s
oT3
r than floo
? _g
c ^£^t, inu ..
Discharge not del Flood of 1929 was
a &
o «« ~o o 25-0 S " 0 -14-1 O +J
than highe jwer than i
own since
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rt in ^H SCD Ol T3 rt ,-H O"3 *3 d O T3 Go o y
ft< fe feO1 h M
IS '^
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M-&
^ 13^ fc,rt C^
CD GCM O
o Ko °°
0) LO^i 3
u 13rt bo
^ bo>^i
%P en
residents. Flood of May 28, Maximum known,
Gage height from U. S. Geological
*j 3a a -* 5rt a
s^
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s§? fcl
"S Sri p^
& o
-lad i-3
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££
1 JS ^ LO 3 MO rt "oo S
3 5-5
s s r
c js bo
^s,5°§ 2 ».
c o
« £ So S ri S -° ^3 £ rt^ft-ocui.,^
taf,Il-^-GGcS W) G G G « h Q.
-S P ^ I S § - i
^ d "S ojS bOT3 -
< cd O
a ^ T3
i ^ a
a i c ^H ^ o
"i S o 3 « « u"O G X (M QJ O) "O
"'"* Sh S
DISCHARGE, IN CUBIC FEET PER SECOND PER SQUARE MILE
>- TO CO £ C* 00 O O
jnCTOOO O O O O O O O O O O O O o
8
s
6
%
at00
8
<J>
6
%
CO*
2
*
N>
a
£
NsJ
* *
u »-J
s
z
iCT
o o3o3?
3-
o
^
Q CT
a>
03
T>
0
RECORDS OF PREVIOUS FLOODS 45
STORAGE
The storage reservoirs on the Colorado River--Buchanan Res- rvoir and Lake Travis--discharged no water during the flood >eriod. The smaller reservoirs--Inks, Granite Shoals, Marble ralls, and Austin are "run-of-the-river " intended principally for ower generation. These small reservoirs had little regulatory :ffect on discharges.
The closing of the gates during the flood period on the dams at Suchanan Reservoir and Lake Travis effectively divided the Colo- ado River basin into three independent parts: above Buchanan leservoir, between Buchanan Reservoir and Lake Travis, and be- Low Lake Travis.
Lake Travis effectively controlled the flow of the Colorado River >elow the lake. Without this control it would be difficult to estimate .he resultant damage to the present building developments in the lood plain at Austin, for Lake Travis stored water at a peak rate rf 803, 000 cfs.
RECORDS OF PREVIOUS FLOODS
At all points where discharges were determined for the flood of 1952, investigations were made to obtain information on historical floods. Table 2 contains data on the greatest flood previously known at each point where records are collected systematically. More detailed information on historical floods in the Guadalupe and Colo rado River basins can be found in U. S. Geological Survey reports listed in the bibliography at the end of this report. Available in formation on floods prior to 1921 is summarized in Water-Supply Paper 488.
The flood of July 1869 was the highest known on the Colorado River at Austin. According to Taylor (1900, p. 34) the stage of that flood was 43 feet (46 feet, present site and datum). The flood of June 1935 reached a stage of 45 feet, present site and datum, and was only a foot lower than the flood of July 1869.
The greatest floods on Colorado River prior to 1935 for which there are authentic records occurred in 1900 and 1913. A study of all available information shows that those floods were of about the same size. The Austin dam failed during the flood of 1900.
The greatest flood of record on the Pedernales River prior to 1952 was in July 1869 when the maximum discharge was about one- half of that of September 11, 1952.
46 FLOODS OF 1952 IN CENTRAL TEXAS
The flood of December 1913 was one of the greatest floods o the Guadalupe River for which any records are available. At Ne 1 Braunfels, a stage of about 38 feet was reached in December 191 and in 1869, which was about 5 feet higher than the flood of Jun 1935 and more than 7 feet higher than the flood of September 1952 Downstream at Gonzales, the flood of December 1913 reached stage of 38. 1 feet and the flood of May 1929, a stage of 38. 32 feet according to gage readings made by the Weather Bureau. Thes> are the highest stages known at Gonzales, and are about 4 fee higher than the stage of the flood of September 1952. At NBA Braunfels, the flood of 1929 was not exceptional.
With one exception the flood of September 1921, which covered, large area in south-central Texas, was the highest on the San An tonio River at San Antonio of which there is any information. Tb flood of July 1819 probably equaled if not exceeded it and washei away buildings in San Antonio that had stood for nearly 200 year! Flood runoff was comparatively light on the San Antonio River i] September 1952.
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Breeding, S. D., I948a, Texas floods of 1940: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 1046.
1948b, Flood of September 1946 at San Antonio, Tex: U. S.Geol. Survey Circular 32.
Breeding, S. D. and Dalrymple, Tate, 1944, Texas floods of 1938and 1939: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 914.
Dalrymple, Tate, and others, 1937, Major Texas floods of 1936:U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 796-G.
1938, Major Texas floods of 1935: U. S. Geol. Survey Water- Supply Paper 816.
Ellsworth, C. E., 1923, The floods in central Texas in September 1921: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 488.
1939, Summary of records of surface waters of Texas: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 850.
Taylor, T. U. , 1900, The Austin dam: U. S. Geol. Survey Water- Supply Paper 40.
INDEX
Page Abstract ......................... 1Antecedent conditions ............. 2Austin, Colorado River at. ......... 23
Lake Travis near............... 22
Bibliography, selected ............ 46Blanco River at Wimberley. ........ 28Brady Creek at Brady. ............. 17Buchanan Reservoir near Burnet. ... 20Bulverde, Cibolo Creek near ....... 33Burnet, Buchanan Reservoir near. .. 20
Cibolo Creek near Bulverde ........ 33at Selma. ...................... 34near Falls City. ................ 35
Colorado River at Austin. .......... 23at Winchell .................... 16near San Saba .................. 19
Comal River at New Braunfels. ..... 27Comfort, Guadalupe River at ....... 24
Damages, flood ................... 6-9Description of the floods ........... 2-6Determination of flood discharges. 10-11 Discharges, summary of flood. ..... 37
Explanation of data .............. 11-15
Falls City, San Antonio River near. . 32 Cibolo Creek near .............. 35
Flood damage. .................... 6-9Flood determination points, location . pl.l Flood discharges, determination of . 10 Flood stages, summary of. ......... 37Floods, description of ............. 2-6
general features of ............. 2
Gaging station records. .......... 16-36General features of the storm and
floods. ...................... 2Goliad, San Antonio River at ....... 36Graphs of discharge, Colorado River
basin ..................... 13, 14Guadalupe River basin .......... 15
Guadalupe River at Comfort ........ 24at Victoria. .................... 31above Comal River at New Braunfels 26 near Spring Branch ............. 25
Introduction ...................... 1Isohyetal map. ................... pi. 1
Page
Johnson City, flood scene ......... 7Pedernales River near ......... 22
Junction, Llano River near. ....... 20
Lake Travis near Austin .......... 22Llano River at Llano ............. 21
near Junction ................. 20Luling, Plum Creek near ......... 30
San Marcos River at........... 29
Map of central Texas ............ pi. 1Medina Lake near San Antonio ..... 32Menard, San Saba River at........ 16
New Braunfels, Comal River at 27 flood scene ... ............... 10Guadalupe River above Comal
River at .................. 26
Pedernales River near Johnson City 22 Plum Creek near Luling .......... 30Precipitation .................... 2Precipitation graphs ............. 3-5Previous floods, records of. .....45-46
Records of previous floods .......45-46
San Antonio, Medina Lake near .... 32San Antonio River at Goliad ....... 36
near Falls City. ............... 32San Marcos River at Luling ....... 29San Saba, Colorado River near. .... 19San Saba River at Menard ......... 16
at San Saba ................... 18Selma, Cibolo Creek at ........... 34Spring Branch, Guadalupe River
near. .................... 25Stages and discharges at stream
gaging stations ........... 11Storm, general features of ........ 2Storage ......................... 45Summary of flood stages and dis
charges. ................. 37
Unit discharge plotting ........... 44
Victoria, Guadalupe River at...... 31
Wimberley, Blanco River at. ...... 28Winchell, Colorado River at. ...... 16
47
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE :O 1954