Floods

Floods Disaster profile & Disaster management procedure in India

Submitted by:

K.Amruta

Karunakar

Lavanya

Mani shankar

Supraja

Shameer

VI th sem ,JNA&FAU

PLANNING & MANAGEMENT FOR DISASTERS

Over view

• Definitions for disaster and floods

• Objectives

• Types of floods

• Causes of floods

• Floods impacts

• Methodology

• Flood forecasting

• Flood management

• Flood zoning

• Case study(Vijayawada)

6/11/2013 Floods- Disaster Managment 2

Disaster

• Disaster is a natural or human , caused

phenomenon, which causes serious

disruption of the functioning of a

community or a society causing

widespread human, material, economic

and environmental losses which elicited

the ability of the affected community,

society to cope using its resources.

• Floods are a common feature in the

country that occur every year in many

parts including South India.

6/11/2013 3Floods- Disaster Managment

FLOODS ARE NATURAL PHENOMENA.

FLOODS ARE WATER RELATED DISASTER

FLOODS


OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

• To identify the causes of floods

• To describe the overall impact of flooding

• To formulate a strategy for the flood affected

areas in Vijayawada, with reference to – MITIGATION,

– PREPAREDNESS,

– RESPONSE,

– RECOVERY.


INTRODUCTION

A flood occurs when the Geomorphic Equilibrium in the river system is disturbed because of intrinsic or extrinsic factors or when a system crosses the geomorphic threshold.

(a) Flooding in a river due to aggradation of river bed (intrinsic threshold);

(b) Flooding in a river due to heavy rainfall (extrinsic threshold)

Floods in major cities especially

during rainy season are proving to

disastrous not only to the

environment but also have serious

implications for human life and

property.

6/11/2013 6Floods- Disaster ManagmentSource: FLOOD DISASTERS AND MANAGEMENT

TYPES OF FLOODS

• Types of floods

•Flash floods

•River floods

•Coastal Floods

•Urban Flood

• According to their duration flood can be divided into different categories:

•Slow-Onset Floods: Slow Onset Floods usually last for a relatively longer period, it may last for

one or more peeks, or even months.

•Rapid-Onset Floods: Rapid1Onset Floods last for a relatively shorter period, they usually last for

one or two days only.

•Flash Floods: Flash Floods may occur within minutes or a fe1w hours after heavy

rainfall, tropical storm, failure of dams or levees or releases of ice dams. And it causes the

greatest damages to society.

The soil becomes

saturated and

overland flow and

through flow reach

the river and

discharge increases.

Overland flow arrives

first.

The time from peak rainfall to peak

discharge is the LAG TIME.

The discharge starts to

fall slowly as water is

added from through

flow and groundwater

flows which are much

slower.

The base flow supplies

the river with water

between storms and

keeps it flowing in

summer.Rainfall is intercepted

or infiltrated into the

soil moisture store

Start of the storm there is a

slow rise in discharge, as only a

small amount of water falls

into the channel

Contd….

Floods

Natural

Storm Surge,

Tsunami, Glacial Melt,

Landslide, Riverine,

Estuarine & Marine Flood

Eg: bursting of landslide blockades in the catchment

areaof the Bhagirathi River in August 1978 (Gupta and Dave,

1982).

Man made

Breach of

Dam/ Barrage/

Embankment

Release from Reservoir,

Urban Flood

Eg: In the year 2009,Almatti and Naryanpur dams on the Krishna River in Karnataka. This water along with rain

water reached Andhra Pradesh near the Srisailam dam. It

causes a hevy floods in andhrapradesh


Causes of floods

FACTORS

VEGETATION COVER

This varies seasonally. The type and

amount will affect interception and

stemflow/throughfall. Overland flow is

reduced. Lag time will be increased.

ROCK TYPE

Impermeable rocks prevent groundwater

flow and encourage through flow and

overland flow. These rocks will decrease

lag time. Permeable rock will have the

opposite effect.

LAKES & RESERVOIRS

These will store floodwater and

thus reduce lag time and control

river response to heavy rainfall.

SOIL TYPE & DEPTH

Deep soils store more

water, pipes in the soil

encourage through flow.

Soils with small pore

spaces will reduce

infiltration and increase

overland flow.

LAND USE

Impermeable surfaces

created by urbanisation will

reduce infiltration and

encourage overland flow.

Different types of crops

affect interception rates e.g.

cereals 7-15%.

RAINFALL INTENSITY & DURATION

Intense rain will increase overland

flow and reduce lag times. Gentle

rain over a longer time will allow

more infiltration.

SLOPES

Steep slopes will encourage

overland flow and gentle

slope will slow run off down.

CLIMATE

The distribution of rainfall over the

year and the temperatures will

affect the lag times.

FLOODS IMPACTS

• Human Loss

• Property Loss

• Affects the Major Roads

• Disruption of Air / Train / Bus services

• Spread of Water-borne Communicable Diseases

• Communication Breakdown

• Electricity Supply Cut off

• Economic and Social Disruption

• Increase in Air / Water Pollution


Flood forecasting

• Anticipating floods before they occur allows for precautions to be taken and

people to be warned so that they can be prepared in advance for flooding

conditions.

• For example,

– Farmers can remove animals from low-lying areas and utility services can put in place

emergency provisions to re-route services if needed. Emergency services can also make

provisions to have enough resources available ahead of time to respond to emergencies as

they occur.

• In order to make the most accurate flood forecasts for waterways, it is best to

have a long time-series of historical data that relates stream flows to

measured past rainfall events

• Radar estimates of rainfall and general weather forecasting techniques are

also important components of good flood forecasting.

Flood Control

• In many countries around the world, waterways prone to floods are often carefully

managed. Defences such as levees, bunds, reservoirs, and weirs are used to prevent

waterways from overflowing their banks.

• In the riparian zone near rivers and streams, erosion control measures can be taken

to try and slow down or reverse the natural forces that cause many waterways

to meander over long periods of time.

• Flood controls, such as dams, can be built and maintained over time to try and

reduce the occurrence and severity of floods as well.

Flood benefits

• Floods (in particular more frequent or smaller floods) can also bring many

benefits, such as

– Recharging ground water,

– Making soil more fertile and increasing nutrients in some soils.

• Flood waters provide much needed water resources in arid and semi-arid regions

where precipitation can be very unevenly distributed throughout the year.

• Freshwater floods particularly play an important role in maintaining ecosystems in

river corridors and are a key factor in maintaining floodplain biodiversity.

• Flooding can spread nutrients to lakes and rivers, which can lead to

increased biomass and improved fisheries for a few years.

• For some fish species, an inundated floodplain may form a highly suitable location

for spawning with few predators and enhanced levels of nutrients or food.

• Fish, such as the weather fish, make use of floods in order to reach new habitats.

Bird populations may also profit from the boost in food production caused by

flooding.


National perspective:

• Urban regions with more than 5 million population• Mumbai, Assam, Jammu and Kashmir and Bihar.• Brief review of floods with the help of secondary sources of data

Regional Perspective

• Urban Regions with more than 3 million population.• Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada(case study area) urban region.• Brief review of floods with the help of secondary sources of data.

Local Perspective

• Hyderabad(Musi river)• .Brief review of floods with the help of secondary sources of data

METHODOLOGY:

Floods in India

Floods cause damage to houses, industries, public utilities and property

resulting in huge economic losses, apart from loss of lives.

Though it is not possible to control the flood disaster totally, by adopting

suitable structural and non-structural measures the flood damages can be

minimised.

Parameters Area liable to Floods(million Ha.)

Total Damage Rs.13,400 million

Area Affected 8.11 million hectare

Crop Area Affected 3.57 million hectare

Human Lives Lost 1579 Nos.

Cattle Lost 95,000 Nos.

NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Flood prone zones , areas in INDIA

Major River Floods in 2002

The areas in red are where river floods have occurred .

Analysis over years

INDIAFLOOD PRONE AREA

OTHERSTATES43.9%

UTTAR PRADESH21.90%

BIHAR12.71%

ASSAM9.40%

WEST BENGAL7.91% ORISSA

4.18%

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

AREA AFFECTED BY FLOODS

2.2

97

.49

9.4

4

9.2

44

.86 6

.26

5.7

7 7.5

36

.56

6.1

23

.49 4

.91

.46

4.7

47

.12 7.1

56

.2 6.4

61

3.2

54

.11

1.7

9

6.7

6.1

71

1.9

11

1.4

61

7.5

3.9

91

1.4

66

.12

8.8

79

.02 1

0.7

18

.38 8.8

18

.89

16

.29

4.6

3 9.3

6.1

72

.09

4.6

32

.75

6.1

17

.43

.85

7.1

8

2.5

5

5.166

3.08

7.096.5

8.031

1953

1956

1959

1962

1965

1968

1971

1974

1977

1980

1983

1986

1989

1992

1995

1998

2001

2004

YEAR

AR

EA IN

M.H

a.

FLOOD DAMAGE IN INDIA DURING

52.4

57.2

3102.7

353.6

323.3

743.9

7

86.2

63.1

7

31.3

794.8

936.6

166.6

1

7.1

488.4

3155.4

3

211.1

404.4

3287.8

3632.4

8158.1

9569

569.0

2471.6

4888.6

91201.8

51454.7

6614.2

840.5

1196.5

1644.8

82491.6

11905.5

64059.2

73748.5

3

2569.7

2

4630.3

2405.3

31708.9

21488.3

3

3344.5

32536.7

91794.5

93702.3

12952.7

82831.1

8

5845.9

82107.8

6

1415.8

8

1953

1955

1957

1959

1961

1963

1965

1967

1969

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

RU

PEE

S IN

CR

OR

E

YEAR

Total flood damage state wise and for

the union territory of Delhi The macro-flood zones of

India may be broadly grouped

into the following zones:

(a) Brahmaputra River Basin,

(b) Ganga River Basin,

(c) North-West Rivers Basin,

and

(d) Central India and Deccan

Rivers Basin.

2012 Brahmaputra floods

This was another sorrow caused to Assam in recent years. In July 2012, Brahmaputra and its tributaries showed its wrath and since it was natural but it grabs a spot at number 2 and eye-catching event because the main area which was affected included Kaziranga National Park, a park which is the natural habitat of Rhinos. It cause a death of 540 animals including 13 Rhinos. The main reasons behind this calamity is the deforestation in the area of passing by of Brahmaputra.

6/11/2013Floods- Disaster Managment

25

2010 Ladakh Floods.

It was 6th August 2010, when the series of natural disasters started to take place in Ladakh, a regional part of J&K ( Jammu and Kashmir). It was accompanied with cloudburst, debris flows and Flash floods from Himalayan. Causality was less than 300 but a great loss of property was reported. Areas of Leh were also affected and it caused a loss of total Rs. 133 crores INR.


2005 : Maharashtra floodThis was the major and the most devastating disaster occurred in Maharashtra, mainly engulfing areas of Mumbai, Chiplun, Khed, Kalyan, Ratnagiriand Raigad. The main problem arose with the people on the road and which caused a traffic jam and with it came the loss of people. A total of 5000 people were reported for the death toll. The date 26 July 2005 has been marked as one the BLACK DAY in the history of Mumbai.


2004 Bihar Flood

Being considered as a flood prone area, Bihar is again in the list because of 2004 flood which it suffered. It was stated that a total of 883 people lost their lives and more than 3000 animals were killed. One of the most horrifying disaster caused almost a loss of Rs. 1,03,049.60 Lakh. Rivers, primarily, Gandak, Kosi, Mahananda, Bagmati, Budhi had already crossed the red mark while on the other hand Ganga first time in its history crossed the red mark in Farrakka Barrage.


STATE PERSPECTIVE

• Latest reports said 150 villages in Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Krishna, Guntur and the east and west Godavari districts were submerged. Around 67,000 people had been evacuated. Crops spread over 2.5 lakhhectares of farmland were under water and schools remained shut.(2012)


Contd…City name Rivers or streams Floods

Vishakhapatnam Visakha Sarada,

Gosthani, Champavathi,

Tandava

2005(cyclone),

2004(tsunami)

Vijayawada Krishna

Vira,

Munneru

Budameru

Thammileru

2006 (Ogni cyclone),

2004 (Tsunami) 1977 /

78 /90 / 96 (Cyclones)

1983/ 86 /98 / 2005

(Krishna), 1977

(Diviseema Floods)

6/11/2013 31

Local Perspective of Floods

23RD AND 24TH AUGUST, 2000

• 24cm rainfall for 24 hours

• 77 slums washed away

• 35,000 affected

• 142 people killed

• 90 residential areas under water (10 – 15 feet)

• More than 100 colonies submerged in water

28th September, 1908

• 15,000 people killed

• 19,000 houses demolished

• 80,000 dwellings demolished

• Average flood water level 15 – 20 feet

• Construction of Osman Sagar (1914), Himayat Sagar (1927).


Approaches & measure for long , short

term protection from floods in India

• Attempts to modify the floods: involves flood protection by physical

measures such as

• Construction of embankments

• Construction of detention reservoirs

• Channel improvements etc.

• Attempts to modify the susceptibility to flood damage: involves action

designed to reduce the vulnerability of property and other developmental

activities in the flood plains to the flood hazard

• Attempts to modify the loss burden: Consists of actions to modify the

incidence of losses, by spreading them over a large segment of

community.

• Bearing the loss: Bearing the loss means living with floods

MEASURES

• FLOODS CAN NOT BE ABSOLUTELY

CONTROLLED

• FLOODS CAN ONLY BE MANAGED TO

REDUCE FLOOD LOSSES

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

APPROACH

INDISCRIMINATE ENCROACHMENT

INCREASING ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN FLOOD PLAINS

LACK OF REGULATIONS

INADEQUATE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE

LACK OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

INCREASED VULNERABILITY

CAUSES

• MODIFY THE FLOODS

• MODIFY THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO

FLOOD DAMAGE

• MODIFY THE LOSS BURDEN

• BEAR THE LOSS

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

STRATEGIES

FLOOD PLAIN ZONINGWATER SUPPLY

FACTORY

POWER HOUSE

UNIVERSITYRESIDENTIAL AREA

GOVT. OFFICE

HOSPITAL

NORMAL CHANNEL

PARK

FREQUENT FLOOD

FLOOD ONCE IN 25 YEARS

FLOOD ONCE IN 100 YEARS

III IIII III I

I

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING

PROHIBITIVERESTRICTIVEWARNING WARNINGRESTRICTIVE

I II III II I

RIVER CHANNEL

FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING

DATA COLLECTION

DATA TRANSMISSION

DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION

DISSEMINATION OF FORECAST

STEPS

FLOOD FORECASTING

• HYDROLOGICAL

RIVER WATER LEVEL

RIVER DISCHARGE

• HYDROMETEOROLGICAL

RAINFALL

OTHER RECIPITATION

eg. SNOW, HAIL ETC.

DATA COLLECTION

FLOOD FORECASTING

• WIRELESS

• TELEPHONE

• FAX

DATA TRANSMISSION

• SATELLITE

• TELEGRAPH

FLOOD FORECASTING

• CORRELATION

• MATHEMATICAL

MODELS

DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION

FLOOD FORECASTING

DISSEMINATION

FORECAST

CIVIL AUTHORITY

OTHER AGENCIES

PRESS, A I R

DOORDARSHAN

OTHER USERS

LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES

FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNINGPRESENT SYSTEM - SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

WEATHER FORECASTS

RIVER STAGE &DISCHARGE ATBASE STATION

RIVER STAGE &DISCHARGE AT

FORECASTING STATIONS RAINFALL

F.M. O. OF I.M.DFLOOD FORECASTINGCENTRES & CONTROL ROOMS

FORMULATION OFFORECAST

C.E., S.E.

STATE GOVT.CONTROL ROOM

PRESS RADIO

P & T

POLICE FLOOD COMMITTEE

CIVIL AUTHORITIES

ENGG. AUTHORITIES

DEFENCE

RAILWAYS

INDUSTRIES

F.M.O OF I.M.D

REGIONAL OFFICESOF I.M.D.

REGIONAL OFFICESOF I.M.D.

DOORDARSHAN

CWC HQ MINISTRY OF WR

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

• Use of Remote Sensing and GIS

• Research and Development

• Weather / Rainfall Forecasting

• FF Modelling

• Capacity Building

• International Cooperation

FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONSINDIA

GANGA B’PUTRA WESTFLOWING

GODAVARI EASTERNRIVERS

KRISHNA MAHANADI BARAK

85

27

17 159 8

3 2

FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONSINDIA

35

32

23

1415

11 11

64 3 2 12

42

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

ACTIVITIES

Pre flood

During flood

Post flood

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING

• AN IMPORTANT NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURE.

• REGULATES LAND USE IN FLOOD PLAINS TO RESTRICT

DAMAGE BY FLOODS.

• INVOLVES DEMARCATION OF ZONES IN FLOOD PLAINS

COMPATIBLE WITH FLOOD RISKS INVOLVED.

CONCEPT

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING

PRIORITY - I

ACTIVITY LIMITED TO WATER LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO

100 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE

CONGESTION FOR 50 YEARS RAINFALL.

ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING

PRIORITY - II

ACTIVITY LIMITED TO LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO

25 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION

FOR 10 YEARS RAINFALL FREQUENCY.

ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING

PRIORITY - III

LESS ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITY IN AREAS

VULNERABLE TO FREQUENT FLOODS.

ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

FUTURE STRATEGIES

• Focused Approach

• Basin Wise Action Plan

• Flood Plain Zoning

• Role of Central Government

• Funding of Planned Flood Management Works

• Adequacy of Flood Cushion in Reservoirs

National Disaster Management Guidelines

• To minimise vulnerability to floods and consequent loss of lives, livelihood systems, property

and damage to infrastructure and public utilities

• Flood damage assessment be made on a realistic and scientific basis and recorded basin-

/sub-basin-wise.

• Performance evaluation of a large number of FM schemes be carried out and their impact

on the socio economic development of the protected area be assessed.

• The use of flood plains be regulated and a suitable legislation for flood plain zoning be

enacted and enforced.

• Water Resources planning and construction be basin wise and basin organisations be set up.

• Storages in various forms is an important component of the package of measures for FM

and flood space in reservoirs be provided to the extent feasible and flood control not

relegated to a non- priority activity as against competing water requirements for

hydropower and Irrigation purposes.

• International dimensions of problem of floods be kept in mind and the GOI should play an

important role in the matter.

• Requisite funds be made available for construction of new and maintenance of existing

works.

• Emphasis be laid on research, education and training on FM.



CASE STUDY ON VIJAYAWADA

FLOODS

Satellite map showing river Krishna in Vijayawada


LOCATION MAP

6/11/2013 58

Map of India showing AP

Location

• The city is situated at the foot of a low range

hills on the northern bank of the river

Krishna with its cardinal points as 16° 31’

North latitude and 80° 37’ East

longitude, around 70 km away from the coast.


Topographic Details

• The land lay of Vijayawada is characterized by four canals, four hills and the holy river Krishna. Vijayawada when approached from Guntur is welcomed by the historic gates across the holy river Krishna. The way to Machilipatnam runs parallel to Budamerru canal and crosses two other Canals

There are four major hills:

a) Indrakiladri hill

b) Machavaram

c) Gunadaa Hill

d) Moghalrajapuram hill

e) Gollapalem Gattu Hill


Krishna River

• The River Krishna takes of its origin in the western Ghats at an elevation

of (+) 1336 Mts and runs for a length of about 1400 Km and runs

through Vijayawada city and joins at Bay of Bengal The length of Krishna

River up to Prakasam Barrage is about 1310 km and the length from

Prakasam Barrage to Puligadda Aqueduct is 64.00 kms.

• The flow of the river is managed partially by the Nagarjuna Sagar dam

which is located to the west of Krishna District and Prakasam Barrage

which is located at the beginning of the city.


Krishna river flow details and distance of dam to dam


The Krishna Flood bank Above Prakasam Barrage is about 13KM and

bellow flood bank is 6.40 Km which creates havoc in flood season which starts

from June to December. Water release from barrage with 4,12,734

to 10,94422 Cusecs is been observed over the years.

Details of Flood Banks In Krishna District


Index plan of Krishna River Flood Banks


Flood Bank locations

Year Wise observed Maximum Floods In

Krishna River

Reasons for Krishna Flood This region receives maximum rainfall both by southwest and retreating

monsoons.

The primary reason for the flooding is the unauthorized settlements along

the river which had taken place due to lack of planning and enforcement.

Vijayawada is located on the line which separates the delta-irrigated lands

Flood bank below barrage is about 6.40 Km which creates havoc in flood

season from June to December.

High Water release at time from barrage with 4,12,734 to 10,94422

Cusecs of water released in various years.

Developmental activities like sluice connectivity to into the river is causing

back water(3 sluices connected into river)

Bund cutting for public private developmental activities (ex: sluice, storm

water drains) approach roads for bigger vehicles.

Allotting the residential areas officially in flood zone. Ex: Police colony.

Contd…

• trespassing the river bunds by people

• damage to the river bunds by rodents

• Breach occurrence and damages occurred to the flood bank with slips and erosion.

• Negligence and helpless condition making people to stay at the houses even after passing the warnings

• With little authoritative power over the settlements along the flood banks, the irrigation department is unable to attend swiftly in vulnerable areas.

Vulnerable groups to Krishna floods

Satellite imagery of vulnerable points at Krishna flood area


DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE


Mitigation

Preparedness

Response

Recovery

Occurrence of disaster in Vijayawada (year

wise)


MITIGATION

Mitigation measures are very important phase of disaster management. They will help to reduce the loss and increase the capacity of people in managing the disasters.

The potential forecast outlook can be translated into early warning messages and initiate preventive/preparedness actions.

• As per the building byelaws 1981, no permission to construct a building on site shell be granted , if the site is with in 9 meters of the highest water mark of a tank

• Further the authority may require the floor of the lowest styorey of such building to be raised above the normal minimum flood level of the adjoining to ground or to such other level as the authority may prescribe Shift or restrict the people living in flood banks to safe place by providing all aminities

• Krishna Bund strengthening at Krishna lanka, ranadheevinagar, Bhupesh Gupta nagar

• Krishna bund construction from police colony to yanamala kuduru

• Raising the free board of Krishna flood bunds from 1.5 metre to 2 meters.

• Shift the habitants of the flood zone of Budameru temporary or permanent to safe shelters after announcing the warning

• Stop plowing / occupying the budameru bund from singh nagar to NSC Bose

nagar


Contd…

• Providing Road side rain water drains at banadar road

• Providing Road side rain water drains Ayyappanagar Road

• Providing Under ground drainage and sewer lines and construction of sump cum [Pump house

• Construction of Flood banks for Krishna River and BudameruFloods

• Renovation or construction of safe schools and providing safety equipment at schools

• Provision of Food to lactating mothers and Infants and children under 6 years reconstruction of rubbish or spoiled roads in many points of the city to protect form water stagnation

• Identify the high milkproduction and other animal or bird production areas, based on that preference should be given to provide all measures to those cattle and birds safety and multiplication


Before the Disaster During the Disaster After the Disaster

• Learn warning signs and community alert

system

During a flood watch • Don't return home until authorities

express itis safe to do so

• Stockpile emergency building materials

• Install check valves in sewer traps to

prevent flood waters from backing up in

sewer

drains

• Plan and practice an evacuation route

• Have disaster supplies on hand

• Develop an emergency communication

plan

in case of separation

• Ask an out-of-state relative to serve as the

"family contact"

• Teach family members how and when to

turn off the gas, electricity, and water and

teach children how and when to call 9-1-1

• Ask your insurance agent about flood

insurance

If indoors:

• Turn on battery operated radio to get

latest emergency information

• Get pre-assembled emergency

supplies

• If told to leave, do so immediately.

If outdoors:

• Climb to high ground and stay there

• Avoid walking through any

floodwaters.

• If in a car, turn around and go another

way; if your car stalls, abandon it

immediately and climb to higher

ground.

During an evacuation:

• If advised to evacuate, do so

immediately to avoid flooded roads,

being sure to follow recommended

evacuation routes and listen to radio for

evacuation instructions

• Help neighbors whom may need assistance

• Use extreme caution when entering

buildings

• Inspect foundations for cracks or other

damage and examine walls, floors, doors,

and

windows to make sure that the building is

not

in danger of collapsing

• Watch out for animals, especially

poisonous

snakes, that may have come into your home

with flood waters

• Watch for loose plaster and ceilings that

could fall

• Take pictures of damage for insurance

claims

• Look for fire hazards

• Throw away all food (including canned)

that

has come in contact with flood waters

• Pump out flooded basements gradually (~

1/3 amount of water per day) to avoid

structural damage

• Service damaged septic tanks, cesspools,

pits, and leaching systems ASAP – damaged

sewage systems are health hazards.6/11/2013 76Floods- Disaster Managment

PREPAREDNESS

• State of being ready to react promptly and effectively in an event of emergency (systematic way approach). Being prepared for severity vulnerability of the disaster .

Preparedness plan ( a holistic integrated approach)

Specific Region , Area, Purpose

Deploying Officers Incharge To Take Care With Emergencies

Strategy Development For Activities Likely To Be Undertaken At A Local Situation( Resource Analysis To Force)

Identify Government Bodies Which Can Respond

Establishment Of Emergency Operating Centres


Emergency Operating centre(EOC) /Control room :

• An emergency operations center, or EOC, is a central command and

control facility responsible for carrying out the principles of emergency

preparedness and emergency management, or disaster management

functions at a strategic level in an emergency situation, and ensuring the

continuity of operation of a company, political subdivision or other

organization.


Functions

• Dealing with incoming emergency calls and prioritizing them taking the necessary information from the caller

• Recording details of incidents on computer systems

• Providing necessary advice and guidance

• Dispatching an emergency services team to deal with the incident.

• Maintaining contact with the team at the scene of the incident to keep up to date with the situation and ensure staff safety.


Warning Stages


Flood –Krishna

1st-Warning - When flood level reaches

12ft. at Prakasam

2nd Warning - When flood level reaches

15 ft. at Prakasam

3rd Warning - When flood level reaches

17 ft. at Prakasam

RESPONSE

Occurs immediately / during following disaster

Designed to provide emergency assistance to the victims of the event and reduce the likelihood of occurrence of secondary damage

5 STAGE PROCESS

1. Notification

2. Immediate public safety

3. Property security

4. Public welfare

5. Restoration


RECOVERY

Final phase of disaster management cycle

It is the longest phase out of all until system return to normalcy / nearly to normalcy

2 TYPES

long term

Complete redevelopment of damage

short term

Restoration of vital services like watersupply, social infrastructure to minimum standards of operation and safety

Mike announcement of flood discharge and awareness of people to evacuate the people to be submerged houses.


Water Supply• Identify the effected areas substitute with good and quality of water.

• Keep the stock of Chlorine.

• Identify and keep ready the list of sources of water in unaffected areas.

• Check and Identification of low lying areas in the ward.

• Check the water samples for residual chlorine, microbial substitutes and treat

accordingly.

Duties of Medical Teams in Rehabilitation Centers• List out the below 5 years age children’s and supply the milk and food (medicated).

• List out the pregnancy ladies and take sufficient medical treatment.

• List out the old / unhealthy people and take sufficient medical treatment.

• Arrangements for fogging to control the mosquitoes and fly’s.


Shelter Management• Departments women and Child welfare, Revenue, Civil supplies and Municipal Corporation

must play a major role in Shelter management.

• Adequate numbers of buildings or open space shall be identified where relief camps can be

set up during emergency and updated in the plan.

• The relief camps should provide with adequate provision of drinking water and bathing,

sanitation and essential health-care facilities.

• Adequate securing arrangements shall be made by local police.

• Adequate lighting arrangements shall be made in the camp area including at water points,

toilets and other common areas by the Municipal Engineering Department.

• Explore the possibility of provision of food through community kitchens, provision of

education through the restoration of schools and anganwadis in effected areas.


Duties of Civil Supplies

• Necessary free distribution of food shall be made to those who ever need in

the shelter and effected areas.

• Wherever possible dry rations shall be provided for home cooking.

• Community Kitchen for mass feeding shall be organized only for an affected

people do not have the means to cooks.

• While providing food assistance, local food practices shall be kept in mind

and commodities being provided must be carefully chosen, in consultation

with the affected population.

• Food must be of good quality, safe to consume, and appropriate and

acceptable to recipients.

• Food distributed should be of appropriate quality and fit for human

consumption.


Duties of Police Department

• City Police officer will make arrangements for providing adequate number of mobile

VHF sets up to sub-division/ward Police stations for meeting the exigencies.

• List out trained persons responsible at sub division and ward level Police stations for

disaster management activities with details of address and phone numbers. Provide

this list to Dist Collector and Municipal Commissioner and concerned line

departments.

• Adequate security arrangements shall be made by local police at the shelters and

vulnerable areas.

Duties of Irrigation Department• Flood preparedness plan for the city is to be prepared.

• Update and inform about the floods at higher reaches.

• Check your stores keep ready Inventory and instruments.

• Keep ready the emergency material which ever required at the out falls at Krishna

lanka river bank.

• A report on activities and work status of Budameru drain should be submitted

immediately and an office of concerned work must be attended to the next meeting.


In Conclusion

While we can never contract with the future or

accurately predict all of the consequences of

our actions and policies, policymakers must

extend their thinking about their impacts and

the impacts of private entities beyond the

local, the near term, the likely, and the recently

newsworthy.

Floods

Technology

Transcript of Floods