Fisheries and aquaculture in Fiji: Present status, and future plans
description
Transcript of Fisheries and aquaculture in Fiji: Present status, and future plans
Fisheries and aquaculture in Fiji: Present status, and future plans
Presented by Aisake Batibasaga
Ministry of Fisheries and Forests
OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES SECTOR – GDP VALUE ($M)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010GDP 105 131 119 151 133 137GDP (%) 2.43 2.85 2.59 3.14 2.76 2.75Export Earnings
93.41 96.74 103 134 156 206
Employment ~50,000 (including subsistence sector)
FISHERIES SECTOR - OFFSHOREFISHERIES SECTOR - OFFSHOREOFFSHORE
Target species – Tuna (ALB, YFT, BET), Deepwater Snapper Total Allowable Catch:15,000 mtActual catches : 13,850 mtValue: USD 67 million
PROCESSING
• processors – 6• cannery – 2• domestic fleet - 132• employs : 1650 people
INSHORE FISHERIESImportance:•Food security•Protein and micro-nutrient uptake•Subsistence•Livelihoods and income generation
SUBSISTENCE CATCH
21,600 mt per year (Gillett and Lightfoot, 2001).
2008 Monte Carlo Model estimates:18,186 mt per year (fish & invertebrates)
15,400 mt finfish
No. of fishers: 25,700
Subsistence catch • Value: USD 31 m• Finfish: USD 21.3 m• Invertebrates USD 9.7 m
ARTISANAL (COMMERCIAL) FISHERIES
Catch • Finfish – 5,500 mt (US $25.2 m)• Invertebrate: 1,200 mt (US $ 6.5 m)
No. of Fishers: 22,650.
Reef-associated species dominate• 85% of total catch• ~100 reef fish species• 30 species - invertebrates
BECHE-DE-MER Markets• High international demand• High retail value: US$ 650 kg (HK)• Price to fishers: $ FJ25- $11O kg • Export value: FJ $21 mil in 2011.• Exports fluctuate
Management issues• Minimal monitoring and enforcement • Increased use of boats• Use of SCUBA and hookah.• Target other marine resources
AQUARIUM TRADE• Value @ over FD 25m• Hard & soft corals• Live rock (unsustainable, CITES quota) • Aquarium fish
SPAWNING AGGREGATIONS
Tilagica passage 2005
x
x • Most reef fish aggregate to spawn• Critical for fish stock replenishment
x
INSHORE FISHERIES CHALLENGESResource depletion• Degraded habitats - reduce fisheries productivity• Increased demand - overfishing
Better management•More comprehensive MP•Institute EAFM •Basic data for indicators
INSHORE FISHERIES INITIATIVESManagement committees• Implement actions at community and national level
Marine protected area networks• Locally managed marine areas are the focus• Assess benefits and efficacy using indicator species• Participation of communities in data collection
Customary Marine Tenure and CBM• Integrating local and national governance
FRESHWATER RESOURCESKai Fishery • 2600-3000 mt = 60-70% of total fw
catch• Mainly women • 3 major rivers: Ba, Sigatoka & Rewa.• Important for rural economy & food
security
Fresh water prawns Catch: ~10 mt Declines in harvest due to forest clearing
and use of chemicals
AQUACULTURECommodities for livelihoods• Black pearls• Seaweed• Freshwater prawn• Mud crab• Giant clam
Commodities for food security• Tilapia• Milkfish
AQUACULTURE PRODUCTIONCommodity Tonnes per year Value (USD)
Tilapia 160 217,000
Seaweed 135 71,000
FW prawns 20 350,000
Pearls 40,000 pieces 4.50 million
Total 5.1 million(90% pearls)
Livelihoods in aquaculture: 550
KEY FEATURES OF THE SECTOR Fish consumption • 42 kg per person per year (national)• 120 kg person per year (rural & islands)
Total finfish production• 45,000 mt = 30.8 % Offshore, 68.5 % Inshore, 0.7 % Aquaculture
Areas• Territorial Sea : 45,000 sq.km• Archipelagic waters: 130, 400 sq. km• Exclusive Economic Zone : 1,093,600 sq.km• Total No. of i-Qoliqoli: 411 (31,000 sq.km)
PLANS FOR THE FUTURE• Maintain or increase sector contribution to 3%
of GDP, • Cap inshore fisheries production at current
levels• Maintain tuna catches and improve
proportion processed locally• Aquaculture only potential area of
expansion ?? – not being realized !
PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
• Improve management plans for all sectors
• Strengthen research capacity to assess the status of the resources
• Strengthen policy & economic planning framework
• Incorporate EAFM – ‘ridge to reef’ management
CONCLUDING REMARKS Need to implement management plans to :• Improve capacity to manage the fisheries
sectors• Form stronger alliances/ partnerships to move
management and conservation goals forward.• Assess the effects of drivers on the sector,
including climate change‘How could climate change affect our plans?’
THANK YOU VINAKA