Fisheries and Aquaculture a way of Life or a Science: a Personal, a National and a Global...
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Fisheries and Aquaculture, a Way of Life or a Science: a Personal, a National and a Global Perspective - Venice, 28 March 2015 Presentation by Árni M. Mathiesen Assistant Director-General Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
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Transcript of Fisheries and Aquaculture a way of Life or a Science: a Personal, a National and a Global...
Fisheries and Aquaculture, a Way of Life or a Science: a Personal, a National and
a Global Perspective -
Venice, 28 March 2015
Presentation by Árni M. MathiesenAssistant Director-General
Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FAO
Way of life?
Science? Scientific process?
• 805 million people estimated to be suffering from chronic hunger in 2012–14, down 100 million in the last decade.
• The vast majority, 791 million, live in developing countries.
Hunger
1990-92 2000-02 2005-07 2009-11 2012-14700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,050
1,100
1014.5
929.9 946.2
840.5805.3
994.1
908.7 930.8
824.9790.7
WorldDeveloping regions
No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
WORLD 1 014.5 18.7 929.9 14.9 946.2 14.3 840.5 12.1 805.3 11.3
Number of undernourished (millions) and prevalence (%) of undernourishment
1990–92 2000–02 2005–07 2008–10 2012–14*
Vitamin A deficiency Causes blindness.250 million preschool children affected.Iron deficiencyAnaemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths.40% of preschool children anaemic in developing countries.Iodine deficiency Impairing cognitive development in children54 countries still iodine-deficient
Millions of children suffering nutrition deficiency
Source: WHO
805 million hungry people
Source: WHO
Trend Worldwide obesity has nearly doubled since
1980. Adults (aged 20 or older)
More than 1.4 billion (35% of total) overweight in 2008
Over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women (11 % of total) obese in 2008.
Children (under the age of 5) More than 40 million children overweight or
obese in 2012.
Billions of obese or overweight people
Source: WHO
Food security and nutrition status
Hunger hand-in-hand with poverty
Contribution of fish to human nutrition
AsiaAfrica
EuropeOceania
Northern AmericaLatin America & Caribbean
LIFDCsWorld
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
22.919.4
11.610.3
7.66.5
24.116.7
%Fish as a percentage of total animal protein intake
Fish provides high quality animal protein Fish especially important to countries with low animal protein intake
Vitamin A
Protein
DHAEPA
Vitamin D
Vitamin B12
Zinc
Iron
Calcium
Selenium
Iodine
Fish, a source of nutrients Daily need (RDI) for children:
DHA+EPA (Ω-3); seafood main source 150 (250) µg
Vitamin A;250 million preschool children deficient
150 (250) mg
Iron; 1.6 billion people deficient
8.9 mg (at 10% bioavailability)
Iodine; seafood natural source, 2 billion people deficient
120 µg
Zinc; 800 000 child deaths per year
5.6 mg(at moderate
bioavailability)
State of World Marine Fish Stocks
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0Aquaculture for human consumptionCapture for human consumptionNon-food usesPer capita food fish supply
Production (million tonnes live weight)
Per capita yearly supply (kg)
• .
OECD-FAO Fish Model Projections (2022)
Source: OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2013-2022 (Table A.26.2). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2010-12 average.Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red.
WB-FAO-IFPRI Fish to 2030 Projections
Source: World Bank Report on Fish to 2030 (Table 3.7). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2006. Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red
Country/
region
Fish Demand (2030) Total
fish prod. (2012,
mil. tonne)
S-D gap2030
(col. 4 minus col. 3)
kg/cap.Total (mil. tonne
)
WORLD
29.1 261.2
156.5 -104.7
S.S. Africa
10.8 15.1
6.9 -8.2
L.A. & C.
12.2 18.3
14.8 -3.4
N. Africa
12.9 3.7
2.8 -0.8
Europe
27.3 23.4
16.0 -7.4
N. America
29.8 12.9
6.7 -6.1
Oceania
31.9 1.8
1.4 -0.3
Asia
37.0 186.3
107.8 -78.5
Future fish supply and demand projections
FAO/FI Fish Supply-Demand Gap Projections
Source: Estimation of FI/FAO (preliminary results)Main assumptions: 1) Per capita fish demand affected by income growth. 2) Fish price unchanged. 3) Preference over fish unchanged
Americas, Europe, Africa, and Oceania Combined. 9%
[Million Tonnes]
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
China61%
Asia91%
Aquaculture vs. Capture Fisheries Production
Way of life?
Science? Scientific process?
