FIQH-UL-'IBAADAT

By Sister Eman al Obaid on 15/05/2012

Bathroom Etiquettes (continuation)

http://alhudasisters.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/fiqh.pdf - page 19

Ahkaam Qadhaa'il Haajah- Rulings on answering the call of nature.

In our last class we had spoken about the Waajibaat and the Muharramaat when answering the call of nature. Today we will talk about Al-Mustahabb and Al-Makrooh when answering the call of nature.

3. Maa Yastahabb-

What is Al-Mustahabb (The Recommended):

Al-Mustahabb means something which is recommended (but not Waajib). It refers to something that is enjoined in Islam but is not

absolutely binding. The one who does something that is mustahabb will be rewarded, but if one forgets to do it, it is not sinning.

• Al-ibti'aad 'ani-n-naas 'inda qadhaa'il haajah fi-s-sahraa'-

Move far away from people when answering the call of nature in the deserts.

Hadith:

Al-Mugheerah ibn Shu’bah said: “I was with the Prophet (peace and

blessings of Allah be upon him) on a journey, when he felt the need to answer

the call of nature, so he went far away.” (Reported by al-Tirmidhi, 20; Saheeh

hasan hadeeth).

‘Abd-Allaah ibn Abi Quraad said: “I went out with the Messenger of Allah

(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to an open space, and when he

needed to answer the call of nature, he moved away.” (Reported by al-Nisaa’i,

16; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 4651)

• An-yaqool 'inda-d-dukhool al-hamaam:

"CG9 هللا " "اCDE2 إ@< أ>;ذ 89 67 ا02/+ وا02/-,+ "

When (ie; before) you enter the bathroom say: "(Bismillahi),"

Allaahumma 'innee 'a'oothu bika minal-khubthi walkhabaa'ith ["In the Name of Allah] (Then) "O Allah, I seek protection in You from the male and female unclean spirits"]

Hadith:

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أKLھC ا.HIء أن EF!ل CD1 هللا

Narrated from ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the

Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “A

screen will be placed between the eyes of the jinn and the ‘awrah of the sons

of Adam when one of them enters the toilet, if he says ‘Bismillaah (in the

name of Allaah).” (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, al-Jumu’ah, 551.Classed as

saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Sunan al-Tirmidhi, no. 496).

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Narrated Anas Ibn Maalik (RadiyAllahu ‘anhu) that when Allah’s Messenger

(sallAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) went to the toilet he used to say:" Allaahumma

inni a’oodhu bika min al-khubthi wa’l-khabaa’ith (In the name of Allaah, O

Allaah, I seek refuge with You from evil and from the male and female

devils).” (Bukhari, Chapter of Ablution:142, Muslim Chapter of Menses:375)

• An-yaqool 'ind-al-khurooj : " 8@اOPQ"

When you exit from the bathroom say: "Ghufraanak" [I seek Your forgiveness]

Hadith:

>6 >-,_^ ر\< هللا >]D- أن اYEZ >/[2 هللا >WXE و U CEV-ن إذا Oeج 67 اa b,-c2-ل OPQا@8 (رواه أ� داود، � �ب ا��89رة، ��ب �� "!ل ا�564 إذا �4ج

�= ا���ء، 30 وا� �4<ي، � �ب أ�اب ا��89رة، ��ب �� "!ل إذا �4ج �= ا���ء، 7؛ وا�%/"> ;%%: اD���A$%; @B @C أ�@ داود، 23)

Narrated Aa’ishah (RadhiyAllahu 'anha) that when the Prophet (SallAllahu

"alayhi wa sallam) came out of the toilet, he said: “Ghufraanak (I seek Your

forgiveness).” [Abu Dawood Chapter of Taharah : 30,At-Tirmidhi, Chapter of

Taharah : 7, Shaykh Albaani authenticated in Sahih Sunan Abi Dawood : 23]

If you are answering the call of nature in a desert or in an open place, before you sit in a corner say "Bismillhahi Allahumma…" and then after you are done (relieving and cleaning) say "Ghufraanak".

Sometimes if one has to rush to the toilet because of not being able to control the call of nature, then it is OK for him/her to enter the toilet without saying the du’a as it is it is mustahabb and not waajib, SubhanAllah!

• Taqdeem ar-rijul yusrah ‘inda-dakhul, wal yumna ‘ind-al-khuruj minhu-

Enter (the bathroom) with the left foot first and exit with the right foot first.

If someone asks why we are doing this, then we need to say that we are doing this because this is Sunnath-un-Nabi (sallAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) and we are rewarded as it is mustahabb.

• Ghusl al-yad bi-s-saabun ‘ind-al-intihaa’-

Wash the hands with soap when you finish (cleaning the private parts after answering the call of nature)

See page 20 >>>

4 - Maa Yakruh-

What is Al-Makruh (The Disliked):

• Al kalaam haal qadhaa’il haajah, ou mukhaatabat-ul-aakhireen il-al-haajah-

To speak while answering the call of nature or calling out others except there is a need (is disliked).

Speaking when you are in the toilet or speaking to someone who is in it, unless there is an emergency, is disliked. If you need to speak (something not important or urgent) to someone who is in the toilet, it is better to wait for that person until he/she comes out of the toilet.

We need to also teach our children not to speak or sing in the toilet or not to even call out the parents from the toilet, unless there is an emergency.

• Ad-dukhool bi-shayyin feehi dhikrillahi Ta’ala, illaa an-yakhaafu ‘alayhi as-sirqah wa nahwahaa-

To enter (the bathroom) with something that has the remembrance of Allah Ta’ala in it (is makrooh), except in case if you fear it will be stolen or anything like that (can happen if left outside).

So it is makrooh to enter the toilet with anything in which Allah’s Name is mentioned.

For example: Booklets or papers with part of Qur’an or du’a or dhikr in it should not be taken into the bathroom.

Some people wear chains with pendants having Allah’s Name or part of Qur’an written on it (actually wearing such pendant is not allowed in Islam). Entering the toilet wearing such pendants is also makrooh.

Taking the whole Qur’an while entering the toilet is Haraam (forbidden) and taking a part of it is Makrooh (disliked).

The ‘Ulamaa’ said: It is better to keep the bag which has anything that has the name of Allah in it, outside the toilet, but if you are afraid that it will be stolen/lost or the disbelievers may show disrespect to it, then it is OK to take it into the bathroom with you as it is inside a case or bag.

So during travelling it’s better to take the translations of the Qur’an or the du’a book either in your bag or in your mobile phones, iPod, iPad etc. rather than carrying the copy of Mushaf with you.

Extra info from: http://islamqa.info/en/ref/72235/toilet

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: what is

the ruling on entering the washroom with papers on which there is the name

of Allah?

He replied: It is permissible to enter the washroom with papers on which is

the name of Allaah, so long as they are in a pocket and are not out in the

open, rather they are hidden and covered. End quote from Fataawa al-

Tahaarah, p. 109

Based on this, there is nothing wrong with entering the toilet with a mobile

phone on whose screen is the phrase “Allaahu akbar”, so long as you put it

in your pocket, so that it is not out in the open.

• Al-boul fi-ash-shuquqi wal juhur,………………..

Urinating in the cracks or holes (is makrooh). It may harm the creatures/animals dwelling therein and they may harm you as well.

So urinating into the hole should be avoided because it may harm the snakes or lizards or other creatures living in it and they might harm the one who urinated.

There is so much wisdom behind this. Islam cares so much even in the case of animals/creatures dwelling in the holes or cracks, SubhanAllah!

• Mas-al-faraj bil yad-il-yumna ou al-istinjaa’ wal istijmaar bihaa.

To touch the private parts with the right hand or to do the istinjaa’ (cleaning using water) and the istijmaar (cleaning with stones and the like) with it [is makrooh].

Hadith:

It is related from Abu Qatada from his father that the Prophet,

may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of

you urinates, he should not hold his private part with his right

hand nor should he cleanse with his right hand,….." [Reported

by al-Bukhaari, 154, Muslim 267]

Other evidences from hadith:

The Prophet’s wife Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her)

reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon

him) used to use his right hand for eating, drinking, making

wudoo’, getting dressed, and giving and taking things, and he

used to use his left hand for other things. (Reported by Imaam

Ahmad; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 4912). Abu Hurayrah reported

that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon

him) said: “When any one of you cleans himself, he should not use

his right hand, he should use his left hand.” (Reported by Ibn

Maajah, 308; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 322).

One should not remove najaasah (impurity) with his right hand; the left hand should be used for this purpose, because of the hadeeth quoted above and we need to always follow Sunnatun-Nabi (sallAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam).

This is all about al-mustahabb and al-makrooh when answering the call of nature.

Next Topic >>> page 20 (same page)

Al-Istinjaa’ wal-Istijmaar

Al-istinjaa’ wal-istijmaar is Al-Waajib. This is obligatory in order to do wudoo’. Al-istinjaa’ means to clean the private parts with water and al-istijmaar means to clean with stones, tissue papers and the like.

- Al-istinjaa’ shar’an- Izaalat athar al-khaarij min as-sabeelayn bil maa’ at-tahoor ->

Remove whatever traces that exit from the two (front and rear) passage, with pure water.

All the traces of urine or stool that has been passed out of both the private parts are removed by washing or cleaning with pure water.

This is al-istinjaa’.

- Al-istijmaar shar’an- izaalat athar al-khaarij min as-sabeelayn bil hijaarah wa nahwahaa->

Remove whatever traces that exit from the two (front and rear) passage with stones and the like.

All the traces of urine or stool that has been passed out of both the private parts are removed by cleaning with stones/pebbles, tissue papers, wet wipes etc.

The stones or pebbles should be good and smooth so that it doesn’t hurt while cleaning.

Shuroot maa yastajmar bihi-

Conditions for al-istijmaar (cleaning/wiping with stones, tissue papers etc.):

• An-yakoonu taahiran-

Things used to do istijamaar, such as stones or tissue papers (see the pictures on page 20) should be clean.

• An-yakoonu mubaah-

It should be done with something which is permissible.

One should not use things that are forbidden to be used for istijmaar such as bones, dung, newspapers, pieces of paper on which any du’a or dhikr with Allah’s Name is mentioned, any kind of vegetables etc. (see the pictures on page 20).

• An-yakoonu munadhifan lil mahal,…………

It should be done with something that will remove the traces and clean the area properly. Istijmaar will not be valid if it is done with something that does not clean well.

• An-laa-yakoonu ‘adhaman walaa rawathan,.….

It should not be done with bones and dung.

Hadith:

Salmaan al-Farsi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “The Messenger

of Allah (SallAllahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) forbade us to face the qiblah

when urinating or defecating, and cleansing with right hand, and

cleansing with less than three stones, or cleansing with dung or

bone. (Saheeh At-Tirmidhi, no. 16; Saheeh Muslim and others)

When doing istijmaar, it is stipulated that one should wipe three times or more in order to clean the place properly.

There is no need to clean with water (istinjaa’) three times.

• An-laa yakoonu shay’an muhtaraman kal ta’aam ou waraqa kutiba feehi shay’un muhtaram.

It should not be done with something respectable such as food or papers having something sacred (papers that have the verses and names of Allah on them or anything that is respectful) written on it.

• Wa min amathlah maa yajooz al-istijmaar bihi: Al-hijaarah at-taahirah, wal-manadeel, wal waraqa-n-nadheefa, wal-khiraq, wa nahwah dhaalik-

Examples of things with which al-istijmaar is done: Pure stones/ pebbles (smooth), napkins/handkerchiefs, clean papers (tissue papers), clothes and things like this.

So in order to do al-istijmaar, you need to fulfill all the above conditions.

Now page 21 >>>

Al-istinjaa’ afdhal min al-istijmaar, li-annahu akmal tanadheefan, wal jam’u baynahumaa hasan, wa yajooz ……………..

Al-istinjaa’ is better than al-istijmaar, because it cleans or purifies completely. Doing both (al-istinjaa’ wal istijmaar) together is the best. It is allowed to do al-istijmaar alone with two conditions:

1. An-laa yata’adda al-boulu ou al ‘ghaa’it al-moudhu’il mu’taadi-li khuroojih, falou intasharal boulu ou al-‘ghaa’it wa ta’adda moudhu’il khuroojil mu’taad falaa budda ‘indahaa min isti’maalil maa’-

The urine or the stool should not exceed and spread out than the usual position/place. If the urine or the stool exceeds and spreads out than the usual position/place, then you need to cleanse using water (means istijmaar is not sufficient)

For example: When small boys urinate and make a mess we need to do istinjaa’ because istijmaar alone will not be sufficient in order to clean properly.

2. An-yakoonu al-istijmaar bi thaalaathah mashaat fa saa’idan hata yahsul tandheef al-qubul ou ad-dubr min athar an-najaasah-

Istijmaar should be done three wipes or more and it should be continued until the front or rear passage (private parts) is well cleansed from the traces of dirt/impurity.

So these are the two conditions to in order to do al-istijmaar alone.

Doing al-istinjaa’ is better than doing al-istijmaar alone because it purifies and removes all the dirt and its traces, and is more cleansing.

This is all about the Waajibaat, Muharramaat, Al-Mustahabb and Al-Makrooh in Ahkaam qadhaa’il haajah (the rulings on answering the call of nature)

And Allah knows best