GGGE6533 LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGY INSTRUCTION

SUCCESSFUL ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING INVENTORY (SELL-IN)FINDINGS & IMPLICATIONS

PREPARED BY:ZULAIKHA BINTI ZULKFLEE

P73949

SEMESTER 2 SESSION 2013/2014

LECTURER:PROF. DR. MOHAMED AMIN BIN EMBI

OUTLINE

1) INTRODUCTION2) DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS • Listening Strategy• Reading Strategy• Speaking Strategy• Writing Strategy• Vocabulary Strategy• Grammar Strategy3. PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION

INTRODUCTION(SELL-IN)

• Respondents: 10 students from Ungku Omar Polytechnic, Ipoh, Perak.

• Instrument: Online Questionnaire (Adapted from Cohen, Oxford and Chi’s Language Strategy Use Survey (2002) & Ali Gurata (2008)

• Data Analysis: Descriptive Statistics (Percentages)

LISTENING STRATEGY USE

Strategies

This strategy doesn’t fit for

me

I’ve never used this strategy but

am interested in it

I have tried this strategy and would use it

again

I use this strategy and

like it

I listen to talk shows on the radio, watch TV shows or movies in the target language.

10%(1)

10%(1)

20%(2)

60%(6)

I look for associations between the sound of a word or phrase in the new language with the sound of a familiar word.

0%(0)

10%(1)

60%(6)

30%(3)

I imitate the way native speakers talk. 20%(2)

10%(1)

60%(6)

10%(1)

I try to understand what I hear without translating it word-for-word. 0%

(0)0%(0)

50%(5)

50%(5)

I focus on the context of what people are saying.

0%(0)

0%(0)

30%(3)

70%(7)

I listen for key words that seem to carry the bulk of the meaning. 0%

(0)20%(2)

40%(4)

40%(4)

I listen for specific details to see whether I can understand them.

0%(0)

20%(2)

20%(2)

60%(6)

I make educated guesses about the topic based on what has already been said.

0%(0)

10%(1)

50%(5)

40%(4)

INDICATED FEATURES

STRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURESI try to understand what I hear without translating it word-for-word.

100%understanding

what they heard by using all the clues in context

I focus on the context of what people are saying. 100% monitoring the

speech of othersI make educated guesses about the topic based on what has already been said.

90% willing to live with uncertainty

READING STRATEGY USE

StrategiesThis strategy doesn’t fit for

me

I’ve never used this strategy

but am interested in it

I have tried this strategy and would use it

again

I use this strategy and

like it

I read as much as possible in the target language. 10%(1)

30%(3)

50%(5)

10%(1)

I try to find things to read for pleasure in the target language.

0%(0)

30%(3)

50%(5)

20%(2)

I plan out in advance how I'm going to read the text, monitor to see how I'm doing, and then check to see how much I understand.

0%(0)

10%(1)

50%(5)

40%(4)

I skim an academic text first to get the main idea and then go back and read it more carefully.

0%(0)

20%(2)

70%(7)

10%(1)

I make ongoing summaries of the reading either in my mind or in the margins of the text.

10%(1)

20%(2)

50%(5)

20%(2)

I guess the approximate meaning by using clues from the context of the reading material.

0%(0)

20%(2)

50%(5)

30%(3)

I use a target language dictionary to see how words are defined by means of other target language words.

0%(0)

30%(3)

30%(3)

40%(4)

I use a bilingual dictionary to get a sense of what the equivalent word in my native language would be.

0%(0)

30%(3)

30%(3)

40%(4)

INDICATED FEATURESSTRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURES

I plan out in advance how I'm going to read the text, monitor to see how I'm doing, and then check to see how much I understand.

90% able to organize their learning

I guess the approximate meaning by using clues from the context of the reading material.

80%understand the

meaning based on the contextual clues

in the text

I skim an academic text first to get the main idea and then go back and read it more carefully.

80%made use of the target language

input

SPEAKING STRATEGY USE

StrategiesThis strategy doesn’t fit for

me

I’ve never used this strategy but

am interested in it

I have tried this strategy and

would use it again

I use this strategy

and like it

I practice saying new expressions to myself.

0%(0)

20%(2)

30%(3)

50%(5)

I practice new grammatical structures in different situations to build my confidence level in using them.

0%(0)

0%(0)

50%(5)

50%(5)

I initiate conversations in the target language as often as possible.

0%(0)

20%(2)

70%(7)

10%(1)

I plan out in advance what I want to say.

0%(0)

0%(0)

60%(6)

40%(4)

I ask questions as a way to be involved in the conversation.

0%(0)

20%(2)

20%(2)

60%(6)

I encourage others to correct errors in my speaking.

0%(0)

0%(0)

40%(4)

60%(6)

I look for a different way to express the idea when I can't think of a word/ expression. (e.g.: Using synonym)

0%(0)

20%(2)

20%(2)

60%(6)

I make up new words or guess if I don't know the right ones to use.

10%(1)

20%(2)

30%(3)

40%(4)

INDICATED FEATURESSTRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURES

I encourage others to correct errors in my speaking. 100% made use of

social agents

I practice new grammatical structures in different situations to build my confidence level in using them.

100% find time to practice

I plan out in advance what I want to say. 100% organize their

learning

WRITING STRATEGY USE

Strategies This strategy doesn’t fit for me

I’ve never used this strategy but am interested in it

I have tried this strategy and would

use it again

I use this strategy and

like it

I practice writing the alphabet and/or new words in the target language.

0%(0)

40%(4)

50%(5)

10%(1)

I plan out in advance how to write academic papers, monitor how my writing is going, and check to see how well my writing reflects what I want to say.

10%(1)

20%(2)

50%(5)

20%(2)

I try writing different kinds of texts in the target language (e.g.: personal notes, messages, letters and course papers).

0%(0)

20%(2)

70%(7)

10%(1)

I find a different way to express the idea when I don't know the correct expression (e.g.: use a synonym or describe the idea).

0%(0)

20%(2)

50%(5)

30%(3)

I review what I have already written before continuing to write more.

0%(0)

10%(1)

70%(7)

20%(2)

I use reference materials such as a glossary, a dictionary, or a thesaurus to help me find or verify words in the target language.

0%(0)

10%(1)

40%(4)

50%(5)

I revise my writing once or twice to improve the language and content.

0%(0)

20%(2)

50%(5)

30%(3)

I try to get feedback from others after writing a draft of an essay or paper.

0%(0)

40%(4)

30%(3)

30%(3)

INDICATED FEATURESSTRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURES

I use reference materials such as a glossary, a dictionary, or a thesaurus to help me find or verify words in the target language.

90% made use of various reference materials

I revise my writing once or twice to improve the language and content.

90% monitoring their progress

I review what I have already written before continuing to write more.

80% checking & evaluating

VOCABULARY STRATEGY USE

StrategiesThis strategy

doesn’t fit for me

I’ve never used this strategy but am interested in

it

I have tried this strategy and would use it

again

I use this strategy

and like it

I break the word into parts that I can identify. 20%(2)

20%(2)

40%(4)

20%(2)

I group words according to parts of speech (e.g.: nouns, verbs).

10%(1)

50%(5)

30%(3)

10%(1)

I list new words with other words that are related to it.

0%(0)

50%(5)

20%(2)

30%(3)

I write out new words in meaningful sentences.

0%(0)

30%(3)

50%(5)

20%(2)

I use flash cards in a systematic way to learn new words.

20%(2)

60%(6)

20%(2)

0%(0)

I visualize the spelling of new words in my mind.

0%(0)

30%(3)

20%(2)

50%(5)

I review words periodically so I don't forget them.

0%(0)

30%(3)

40%(4)

30%(3)

I practice using familiar words in different ways.

0%(0)

10%(1)

20%(2)

70%(7)

INDICATED FEATURESSTRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURES

I practice using familiar words in different ways. 90% Always practice

I visualize the spelling of new words in my mind. 70% Constantly trying

various methods

I review words periodically so I don't forget them. 70% Check and

review

GRAMMAR STRATEGY USE

StrategiesThis strategy doesn’t fit for

me

I’ve never used this strategy but am interested in

it

I have tried this strategy and would use it

again

I use this strategy and

like it

I ask my teacher or friends when I do not understand my teacher's explanation.

0%(0)

0%(0)

40%(4)

60%(6)

I take notes when my teacher explains new grammar structure (e.g.: writing down the meaning and usage).

0%(0)

0%(0)

40%(4)

60%(6)

I review the grammar structures I learn regularly. 0%(0)

20%(2)

30%(3)

50%(5)

I do grammar exercises at home. 0%(0)

20%(2)

70%(7)

10%(1)

I determine the grammar structure that I have trouble with and make an effort to improve them.

0%(0)

20%(2)

50%(5)

30%(3)

I pay attention to grammar rules when I speak or write.

0%(0)

20%(2)

40%(4)

40%(4)

I try to notice my grammar mistakes and find out the reasons for them.

0%(0)

0%(0)

60%(6)

40%(4)

While writing or speaking if I am not sure of a grammar structure, I try to use another one.

0%(0)

10%(1)

40%(4)

50%(5)

I encourage myself to speak English even when I am afraid of making a grammar mistake.

0%(0)

0%(0)

20%(2)

80%(8)

INDICATED FEATURESSTRATEGIES PERCENTAGE FEATURES

I encourage myself to speak English even when I am afraid of making a grammar mistake. 100% portrayed a great

sense of confidence

I ask my teacher or friends when I do not understand my teacher's explanation.

100% made use of social agents

I take notes when my teacher explains new grammar structure (e.g.: writing down the meaning and usage).

100% look for language patterns

I try to notice my grammar mistakes and find out the reasons for them. 100%

monitoring the errors , find the reasons and find a way of how to avoid making them

again in future.

SUMMARY

• Strategies: Grammar > Speaking > Listening > Writing > Reading > Vocabulary

• Features of Good Language Learners:– Used or tried almost all of the listed strategies in

the questionnaire. – Matched the other researches done earlier in the

field

IMPLICATIONS

• Allow the teacher to help the students to learn better.

• Language learners need to be trained to explore different learning strategies.

• Experimenting and evaluating, and eventually choosing their own set of effective strategies.

• Can be autonomous learners.• Help other students on how to apply the

strategies strategically.