FINAL NOTEBOOK UPDATE!

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

LEARNING GOAL 1: DESCRIBE THE CAUSES OF

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND EXPLAIN THE ROLE

TECHNOLOGY PLAYED IN INDUSTRIALIZATION.

WHAT WAS THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?

• Academic definition: The rapid development of

industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and

19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of

machinery.

• Informal: Time period of changing from making

goods by hand to by machine

What was the Industrial Revolution?

• It shift in Western society from focus on

agriculture to industry

•most dramatic change since Neolithic

Revolution!!!!!!!

LIFE BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: THE COTTAGE SYSTEM

•What: Also known as the Domestic system

•Goods produced in homes

•Often part time work

• Sewing = #1 example

COTTAGE SYSTEM (AKA DOMESTIC SYSTEM)•Merchants provided raw materials to families to

produce finished goods at home for payment

-Ex: bolts of cloth for shirts, dresses, etc.

Advantages Disadvantages

Work at home Hard to manage

Extra income for

families

No guarantee of

production

No childcare cost Inconsistent products

Cheap for merchants

WHAT CAUSED INDUSTRIALIZATION?

1. Scientific Revolution

2. Stability in Great Britain

3. The Enclosure Acts

4. Agricultural Revolution

NEW LAWS- THE ENCLOSURE ACTSBritish laws that allowed the wealthy to evict

tenants & create large private farms

• shifted from small farms to large, enclosed

ones

Pros Cons

Led to new farming

techniques & technologies

Farm workers forced off

land they’d worked for

generations

Improved crop yields Displaced farmers forced

to move to cities

THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

• Improved farming techniques (ex: crop rotation)

and technological improvements (ex: seed drill)

• Increase food supply

• Increased population!!

Led

to…

Led

to…

URBANIZATION (VOCAB WORD)

• Urbanization: process of population shift from rural

(country) areas to urban (city) areas.

• Growth of cities

WHY DID IT START IN ENGLAND?

• Stable government- Limited monarchy:

• Parliament prevented kings from taking too much $$ in

taxes

• Colonies: Access to raw materials & markets to sell

industrial goods

• Large natural deposits of coal & iron ore

• Used for building machines and coal-fueled machinery/transport

• Laissez-faire capitalism

• Access to ports, middle class, cheap labor

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqoJkJKjR-Y

THE FACTORY SYSTEM• Huge factories for large machines to mass

produce goods

•Machines required no breaks/lunch

• Located in cities

• Access to cheap labor

•No labor laws (yet)

• Division of labor/assembly line

• Each person has 1 role – minimal

training, easy to replace employees