Final Exam Study GuideFinal Exam Study Guide

The distance traveled by an object divided by the time it takes to travel that distance

is called

•Average Speed

In order to determine speed, you must know

Distance & Time

• What is the speed of an object at rest? • What is the speed of an object at rest?

Zero Km/hr

The difference between speed and velocity is that velocity includes

direction

An airplane is flying at 635 km per hour at an altitude of 35 000

m. It is currently over Kansas and is approximately 16 minutes

ahead of its scheduled arrival time. What is its velocity?

No direction = 0

• Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by

• Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by

Time

The SI unit for acceleration is

Meter per second2

m/s2

On a velocity-time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is

Slowing Down

When the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n)

Force

A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the

line is an example of

Unbalance force

Friction is defined as

A force that opposes motion by acting in

the opposite direction of motion

A force is continuously applied to an object, causing it to

accelerate. After a period of time, however, the object stops accelerating. What conclusion

can be drawn?

•experiencing friction

object is in motion when

•moves in a point of reference

If the slope of a line on a distance-time graph is 1, the speed of the object

being plotted is

increasing

•How can the friction on a slide be reduced?

•How can the friction on a slide be reduced?

Add water

A car is parked on a hill. In order to keep the car from rolling downhill, how great must the static friction acting on

the car be?

friction force must be equal to mgMass*gravity

Weight is best described as

Mass*gravity

•When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity

•When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity

Decreases

The greatest gravitational force would occur between the Moon &

Earth, or two marbles.

Moon & Earth

The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force is

First

The law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force is

Third

The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on

an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration

is

Second

The SI unit of force, named for the scientist

who described the relationship between motion and force, is

called theNewton

Which of the following units is used to measure acceleration in free fall?

m/s2

Earth pulls on the moon and holds the moon in its orbit. The moon pulls on Earth with an equal and opposite force. This is an

example of

•Newton’s 3rd Law

What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the

floor?

Friction

• A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?

• A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?

W = F*d 0

What are the units of work?

J or N*m or Kg*m2/s2

Which of the following processes requires the most work?a.A 10 kg weight rests on a table.

b.A person holds a 1 kg weight still with outstretched arms.

c.A person lifts a 1 kg weight 1 m off the floor.

d. A 10 kg ball is rolled across the floor at a constant speed for a distance of 10 m.

• A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 70 N. If the crate moves a distance of 4.0 m, how much work does the man perform?

• A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 70 N. If the crate moves a distance of 4.0 m, how much work does the man perform?

280J

What are the units of power?

Watts

A weightlifter presses a 200 N weight 1 m over his head in 2

seconds. What is the power of the weightlifter?

100W

Work can _______ energy. Energy can do _________.

make

work

What is the gravitational potential energy of a 70 kg box that is 4.0 m above the

ground?

2744J

Gravitational potential energy depends on the

Height

Gravitational potential energy depends on the

height gravity and mass

A medicine ball has a mass of 10 kg and is

thrown with a speed of 2 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

20J

The kind of energy associated with atomic

bonds is

Nuclear energy

•An object weighing 100 N is dropped from the top of a building and falls a distance of 35 m to the ground. How much work does gravity do on the object from the time it is dropped to the time it hits the ground?

•An object weighing 100 N is dropped from the top of a building and falls a distance of 35 m to the ground. How much work does gravity do on the object from the time it is dropped to the time it hits the ground?

3500J

The law of conservation of energy states

that energy cannot be created nor

destroyed.

Temperature isthe average kinetic energy of a molecules, feels hot or cold, can be measured

•As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the

•As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the

heat increases temperature

The transfer of energy caused by the collision of molecules is

called

conduction

The transfer of energy by the movement of fluids or gases with different temperatures is called

convection

Energy from the sun reaches Earth by

radiation

Convection currents rise in air because

hot air is less dense

Which method of energy transfer does

not involve movement of matter?

Radiation

Which of the following substances is the best

conductor of transferring energy as heat?

a. carbon dioxide gas c. iron

b. water d. rubber

A cold-blooded reptile basks on a warm rock in

the sun. Its body is warmed by

Radiation and conduction

The End!The End!The End!The End!The End!The End!