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Environmental Impact Assessment &
Environmental Management Plan
For EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine
(Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Project Proponent
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar
EIA Consultant
MoEF&CC (GOI) and NABL Recognized Laboratory ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004, OHSAS 18001:2007
60, Bajiprabhu Nagar, Nagpur - 440 033, MS Lab. & Consultancy: FP-34, 35, Food Park,
MIDC, Butibori, Nagpur – 441122 Ph.: (0712) 2242077, 9373287475
Email: [email protected], [email protected] website: www.anaconlaboratories.com
Report No.: ANqr/PD/20A/2016/74
Category : A
Registered Office: Site Office:
R/o Plot no. 57, Flat no.
D/2 Kanchangeet Apartment, Shivaji Nagar,
Nagpur M.S.
Pin – 440010
Mob No. +91 9371110101
Email- [email protected]
Khasrano.(251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268,
269, 271, 272)
Village - Kawatha
Tehsil - Saoner
District - Nagpur
Pin code - 441112
Final EIA Report
QCI-NABET Accredited EIA Consultant for Mining (Sector 1) Cat. A
October, 2019
Letter no. RB/Kawatha/2019/09 Date: 31.10.2019
To,
The Member Secretary,
Expert Appraisal Committee
IA-Division (Non-coal Mining Sector)
Vayu-305, Indira Paryavaran Bhwan,
Mining of Environment, Forest & Climate Change,
Jorbagh Road, New Delhi-110003.
Sub: Submission of Final EIA-EMP Report for Environmental Clearance for the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Capacity 2732 TPA of Manganese Ore &
Mining Lease & Mining Lease 26.67 Ha.) at Village-Kawatha, Tehsil-Saoner,
District-Nagpur (Maharashtra) (Lessee- Mrs. Rachana A. Belorkar) Reg.
Submission of final EIA-EMP Report-EC.
Ref: 1. ToR letter No. J-11015/227/2015-IA.II (M) dated 9th November 2017 MoEFCC,
New Delhi.
2. Minutes of 9 th meeting of the committee of the expert appraisal committee for environmental appraisal of non-coal mining projects held on 24th Sep., 2019 (Item no. 2.1)
Respected Sir,
In reference to above mentioned subject matter & as per above referred reference no. 2
we are herewith submitting the final EIA-EMP report for the proposed Manganese
Mineral mine having capacity 2732 TPA & Mining Lease area of 26.67 Ha.
As per ToR granted as ref. above public hearing was conducted on Dt. 19.10.2018,
minutes of public hearing along with compliance included and final EIA-EMP is
submitted herewith, for your kind consideration.
Further, we requested to include in next agenda of EAC (Coal Mining Project) meeting.
Awaiting your kind response please.
Thanking You.
Yours Faithfully,
Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar
(Leasee)
Encl: EIA-EMP report.
EIA Report
Smt. Rachna Belorkar (Lessee)
Draft EIA-EMP Studies for Kawatha Manganese Mine
(Lease area: 26.67 Ha) Cat A project located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil,
Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Project No. : ANqr /PD/20A/2016/74
th
DISCLAIMER The EIA report is prepared by M/s. Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Nagpur
(a consultant organization accredited by QCI-NABET) as per the approved TOR issued by the Expert Appraisal Committee, Ministry of Environment, Forest &
Climate Change (MoEFCC), New Delhi vide ToR Letter No. F.No.J-11015/227/2015-IA.II(M), dated 9th November, 2017 with all reasonable
skill, care and diligence within the terms of the contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of profession and taking
account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client & complying MoEF&CC & QCI-NABET requirements.
For and on behalf of M/s. Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd.
Particulars Signature
Prepared
by : Mr. Gyanchand Bohra
(EIA Coordinator)
: Mr. Shrikant Vyawhare
(Associate EC)
Approved
by :
Dr. D.G. Garway
(Head of ACO & MD)
Month &
Year :
Version: 03
Release Date: 26 October, 2019
October 2019
DECLARATION OF ASSOCIATION IN THE EIA 1
Declaration by Expert
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA “EIA-EMP Studies for Kawatha Manganese Mine
(Lease area: 26.67 Ha) Cat A project located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur
District, Maharashtra” by Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the
above EIA. EIA coordinator:
Name: Mr. Gyanchand Bohra
Signature and Date: .........................................................................................................................
Period of involvement: September 2017 up to grant of EC
Associate EIA coordinator:
Name: Mr. Shrikant Vyawhare
Signature and Date: .........................................................................................................................
Period of involvement: September 2017 up to grant of EC
Team Member:
Name: Mr. Mithilesh Padhye
Signature and Date: .........................................................................................................................
Period of involvement: September 2017 up to grant of EC
Contact information: Email id. [email protected]; Tel. No. 0712-2242077
Functional area experts:
S.
No.
Functional
areas
Name of the
expert/s
Involvement
(period and task**) Signature and date
1. AP* Dr. Atul Vanerkar September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
2. WP* Dr. D. G. Garway September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
3. SHW* Dr. D. G. Garway September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
4.
SE*
Mr. Rajendra Korde
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
5. Ms. Shilpa Chandekar
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
DECLARATION OF ASSOCIATION IN THE EIA 2
S.
No.
Functional
areas
Name of the
expert/s
Involvement
(period and task**) Signature and date
6. EB* Mr. Shrikant Vyawhare
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
7.
HG* GEO*
Mr. Gyanchand Bohra
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
8. Mr. Mithilesh Padhye
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
9.
SC*
Dr. D. G. Garway September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
10. Mr. Swarup Tripathy
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
11. AQ* Mrs. Farheen Khan September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
12.
NV*
Mr. Subhradip Mondal
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
13. Mr. Gyanchand Bohra
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
14. LU* Mr. Swarup Tripathy
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
15. RH*
Mr. Rakesh Gupta September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
Associate Functional Area Expert (AFAE)
1. --- --- --- ---
*One TM against each FAE may be shown
**Please attach additional sheet if required
DECLARATION OF ASSOCIATION IN THE EIA 3
S.
No.
Functional
areas
Name of the
expert/s
Name of the
Team Member/s
Involvement
(period and task**) Signature and date
1. WP Dr. D. G. Garway
Mr. Subhradip Mondal
September 2017 to March 2018 (Identification & Assessment of Impacts, Suggestion Mitigation Measures)
Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization/ authorized person
I, Dr. D.G. Garway, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA “EIA-
EMP Studies for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) Cat A project located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra” by Lessee: Smt. Rachana A
Belorkar. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-
leading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature: ........................................................................................................................................
Name: Dr. D. G. Garway
Designation: Head of ACO & MD
Name of the EIA consultant organization: M/s. Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd.
NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date: NABET/EIA/1619/SA 089 Dtd. 15 May 2019 Valid till 12 Nov. 2019
REPLY – MoM of 9th MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF NON-COAL MINING PROJECTS
Item no. 2.1 Mining of 2732 TPA of Manganese Ore from Kawatha Manganese Mine [ML Area 26.67 Ha] located at Village – Kawatha, Tehsil Saoner, District- Nagpur Maharashtra by M/s. Rachana A Belorkar-EC Regarding Proposal No IA/MH/MIN/95635/2016; File No J- 11015/227/2016-IA.II (M); Consultant: Anacon Labs.
Sl. No. Conditions Remarks
a. PP should upload the clear copy of executed lease deed.
Executed Lease Deed attached as Annexure I in EIA/EMP report.
b. PP needs to provide the maximum total excavation from mines. Dumping of waste outside mining lease area is not permissible thus PP needs to provide location & other details of the dumps (i.e. area, height etc.). Land use at conceptual period needs to be submitted with plan.
Maximum Total Excavation in Tone
Soil Mineral Waste
3065.52 6400 11572.82
Also given in section 2.9 chp.2
Dumps (02) are inside Mine lease area location is specified in fig.2.5 chp.2. Dump details-
Sr.
no.
Parameters Waste
Dump 1
Waste
Dump
2
1 Location Near
Border
Pillar no.
2
(78° 53'
59.593"
E
21° 29'
34.649"
N)
Near
Border
Pillar
no. 6
(78°
53'
57.515"
E
21° 29'
38.492"
N)
2 Height 2-3
meter
2-3
meter
3 Area(Total) 0.3600 Hectares
4 Quantity(Total) 11572.82 Tones
Are also given in section 2.8.1 chp.2
Land use at conceptual period given in section 2.9.1 Chp.2 & Conceptual Plan given as fig. 2.5 chp.2
c. PP should provide the details of ground water table and the proposed mining project will intersect the ground water table or not. In addition to this, PP needs to provide the source of water for this project and permission if required for the same if any. In case of the ground water extraction the PP needs to submit the compliance of Ministry’s O.M No 21-103/2015-IA.III dated 2.11.2018.
Ultimate working pit level is 4 meters below ground level & Pre-post monsoon depth to water level in vicinity of Mine lease is 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Details of ground water table & depth to water level near the mine lease area are given in section 4.3.1.1 chp 4.
Source of water: Water required will be outsourced from water supplier by
Sl. No. Conditions Remarks
mobile water tankers details are covered in section 2.3.2 chp.2.
Mining activity will not intersect ground water table hence permission under Ministry’s O.M No 21-103/2015-IA.III is not required.
d. PP needs to provide the photograph of area, area to be covered, density of plantation, geo-location, number of saplings, time line and type of species to be planted under green belt and afforestation program with budgetary allocation.
Photograph of area to be covered in ML & all details regarding plantation/green belt development is given in section 4.5.2.4 chp.4
Budgetary Allocation for Green Belt development (Capital cost Rs.2.0 Lakh; Recurring cost Rs. 0.80 Lakh) given in Table 10.2 Chp. 10
e. Ministry first examines the KML file on DSS for involvement of Forest Land if any. In case there is a forest land as per DSS then comments of PCCF needs to be obtained. The PP should submit a certificate from Chief wildlife Warden regarding distance of mining lease from the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, and Tiger/Elephant Reserves.
There is no forest land involved in mining lease. PP received letter from Deputy Conservator of Forest, Nagpur Forest Division, Nagpur (Annexure IX-Page 5) stating that, no forest land is involved in ML area & distance from National park is 12km from ML area. Certificate from PCCF regarding same issue stating ML area is 12 km away from wild life sanctuary & is not falling in between wild life corridor. The letter is attached as Annexure XIV
f. The conservation plan submitted is for 2 schedule-1 species viz. Indian gazelle & Indian peafowl. PP needs to submit the wildlife conservation plan for all the 4 schedule-1 species and proof of submission of the same to CWW.
Proof of submission of conservation plan for all 4 schedule I species is attached as Annexure 6(e)
g. PP needs to submit the GLC values of all the pollutants in control case and worst case scenario. The PP needs to define the transportation route of thee mineral and impact due to transportation. PP needs to submit the NABET Accreditation Certificate also for the period during which baseline study was conducted. In addition to this, PP needs to submit the original test report for the air quality data along with the accreditation certificate of the laboratory from where samples were analyzed.
GLC values of all the pollutants in control case and worst case scenario included in section 4.2.1.4 chp. 4 Transport route & impact due to transportation of Ore is given in section 4.2 chp. 4 NABET Accreditation Certificate for baseline period & accreditation certificate of the laboratory are given in chp. 12 All original test reports are submitted as Annexure Va, Vb, & Vc
h. PP needs to submit the R&R Plan for the private land involved in ML area.
Budget of Rs. 2.96 crore is proposed for R&R Plan for the private barren land involved in ML area given in section 7.5 chp. 7.
i. PP needs to provide the time bound action plan to address the issues raised during PH with budgetary allocation.
Time bound action plan addressing issues raised during PH with budgetary allocation is given in section 7.3 chp. 7
j. CER activities is not aligned with the Commitment made during PH thus PP needs to revise the CER, EMP & Occupational Health Plan to address the issues raised during PH.
Expenses for commitments made in PH against issues raised by local people are included in EMP budget (Capital: Rs. 29.05 Lakh Recurring: Rs. 10 Lakh. Table 10.2 Chp.10) which includes budget for CSR & Occupational
Sl. No. Conditions Remarks
Health issues too. Expense Heads under CER budget (Table 9.1 Chp.9) are planned as per the point no. V of OM no. F. No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018.
There is no Occupational Health related query raised during PH by any local person. However the above said EMP budget includes budget for OH & S (Capital: Rs. 3.00 Lakh Recurring: Rs. 0.60 Lakh
k. Revise the Occupational Health & Safety Plan so as to comply with the Standard EC conditions in this regard. The Occupational health and safety plan should address the issue of manganese posing and preventive and protective measure to be taken for the avoidance of the same.
As per Standard conditions, safety plan with mitigation measures for slope failure (section 7.2.2.9) , Blasting related hazards (section 7.2.2.8) & other activities is given in section 7.2.2 chp.7
As per standard conditions, occupational Health addressing pre & post-employment medical examination, periodical health checkup is given in Section 4.7.2 chp.4. Precautionary measures to avoid manganese poisoning given in section 7.2.1 chp.7.
l. PP needs to submit i) an undertaking by the way of an affidavit to comply with the Common Cause Order and other statutory requirements in pursuant to O.M. dated 03.05.2018, ii) undertaking that all the data and information given in the application, enclosures, and other documents are true to the best of my knowledge and belief and PP is aware that if any part of the data and information submitted is found Minutes for 9th EAC Meeting held during September 24-25, 2019 Page 11 of 74 to be false or misleading at any stage the project will be rejected and clearance given if any to the project will be revoked at their risk and cost, iii) Consultant needs to submit an undertaking that EIA/EMP Report is prepared by them and data and information provided in the same is factually correct and they are completely accountable for the same if any part of the data and information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any stage then Ministry may take necessary action through QCI-NABET including cancellation of accreditation.
Undertaking by way of affidavit to comply with Common Cause Order & other statutory requirements is attached as Annexure XV.
Undertaking from PP that all the data and information given in the application, enclosures and other documents are true to the best of my knowledge and belief is attached as Annexure XVI.
Undertaking from Consultant that EIA/EMP Report is prepared by them and data and information provided in the same is factually correct and they are completely accountable for the same if any part of the data and information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any stage then Ministry may take necessary action through QCI-NABET including cancellation of accreditation, attached as Annexure XVII.
m. Project cost should also include the cost of land and accordingly, the CER amount should be revised.
Land cost of Rs. 2.96 Crore already included in the project cost of 3.02 crore. Details given in section 2.3.6 chp. 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
This is a proposed Manganese Mineral mine having a mining lease of 26.67 Ha. located in Khasra
no. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272 of Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur
District, Maharashtra & is a Category „A‟ project as per EIA Notification 2006. The lease area falls
under Survey of India Topo-sheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21°
29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E. This is a proposed project.
The mineable reserve under Proved category is calculated to be about 6400 tonnes and production of
ROM will be @955.6 TPA. The mined out area would be backfilled and plantation would be carried
out on reclaimed area after winning all possible minerals. Life of mine will be 5 Years. During the
period of mine plan further exploration is proposed in Mine lease area to enhance the Reserve
quantity
1.1.1 Identification of Project
This is a newly proposed Mn mine. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267,
268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an area of
26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining. The project is applied for Environmental clearance as per EIA notification dated
14th September 2006 and its amendments. Since the applied mine lease area is located at 0.5 km
distance from Madhya Pradesh - Maharashtra Interstate Boundary, it falls under “Category A” based
on the Schedule Clause no 1(a) of EIA notification 2006 and subsequent amendments.
The ToR was granted by the Expert Appraisal Committee vide letter No. J-11015/227/2015-IA.II(M)
dated 9th November 2017. This EIA is prepared based on the approved ToR dated 9th November
2017. The total cost of the project is estimated as Rs. 302.02 lakhs.
The Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board conducted Public consultation/hearing for the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Production capacity - 2732 TPA and ML Area 26.67 Ha) on
19.10.2018 at 12.00 noon at Grampanchayat office, Kawatha, Tal. Saoner, Dist. Nagpur of
Maharashtra State. The details of public hearing are provided in EIA-EMP report.
1.1.2 Location of the Project
This is a new proposed Mn mine project. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255,
259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an
area of 26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining.
The lease area falls under Survey of India Toposheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29'
57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E.
TABLE 1: SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT SITE
Sl. Particulars Details
1. Project Location Khasra No. : 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272.
Village - Kawatha
Tehsil – Saoner
District - Nagpur, Maharashtra
2. Latitude/Longitude Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes
78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E.
3. Location covered in Toposheet No 55 K/15
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 2
Sl. Particulars Details
4. Climatic Conditions IMD data, Nagpur
Avg. Ambient air temp 8o C to 46
o C
Avg. Annual rainfall 1000 mm
5. Site elevation above Mean Sea Level Highest Elevation: 390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
6. Land use at the proposed project site Pvt. Land
7. Site topography Undulating with slight slope towards South & Southeast. Old
mine pit exists within lease area.
8. Nearest roadway NH-26B / SH 19 ~3.65 km, W
9. Nearest Railway Station Kelod ~ 4.2 Km, SW
10. Nearest Railway line Railway Line connecting - North Eastern Railway Nagpur-
Chhindwara extension.
11. Nearest Air Port Nagpur ~65 km, SW
12. Nearest village/major town Village : Kawatha ~ 2.5 km, South
Town: Saoner town~ 11.9 km, South
13. Hills/valleys Hillocks in North and west side within 10 Km radius of mine
lease area.
14. Ecologically sensitive zone None within 10km radius area
15. Nearest Reserved/Protected forests Khapa Padri RF - 0.5 km NNW
Sita Gondi RF-7.43 Km – ENE
Sapghota RF- 6.24km- NE
Khapa Padri RF-0.5 km-E
16. Historical/tourist places None within 5 km radius of mine lease area
17. Nearest Industries Dolomite mines & other industries in 10 km area.
18. Nearest water bodies Khekara Nala waterbody ~ 6.54 km, NE
Kanhan River ~ 2.66 km, NE
19. Seismic zone The area is not known for natural hazards. Seismically, this
area is categorized under Zone-II as per IS-1893 (Part-1)-2002.
Hence, seismically the site is a stable zone.
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.2.1 Method of Mining
It is proposed to carry out opencast manual mining method for this plan period i.e. five years. The
operations like drilling of shot hole, sorting of rock and breaking boulders at the site will be done
manually.
This is a new area for grant of mining lease and though the area had been prospected by trial pits,
trenches and drilling but detailed prospecting operations are required for assessment of reserves and
future planning. It is to drill 7 bore holes at 100 m x 100 m grid to a depth of 30 meters during the
period of mine plan for further proving of Mn ore to have clear subsurface geology of deposit/ore body
which is inclined. The sequence of unit operations in open cast manual mining consists of removal of
soil and waste material i.e. overburden and dumping at suitable site, fragmentation of mineral from in-
situ formation, excavation, sizing and sorting, loading and hauling and some other miscellaneous
work. All these operations will be carried out by manual means. The bench height will be restricted to
the statutory 1.5 m x 1.5 m as per the DGMS norms.
Drilling and blasting will be conducted in the mine for extracting Manganese Ore. The blasting will be
carried out by using proper explosives. Controlled and occasional blasting will be carried out and will
be procured/purchase from approved explosives vendor.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 3
1.2.2 Anticipated life of the mine
The mineable reserve under proved category is calculated to be about 6400 tonnes and production of
ROM will be @955.6 TPA. Life of the mine is estimated as 4.92 i.e. ~5years.
1.2.3 Conceptual Mine Plan
Mining will be carried out by blasting followed by Jack Hammer Drill and manual loading, excavation
and removal of stone in conjunction with deep whole drilling and blasting. In this connection
guidelines issued by Director of Mine‟s Safety by various circular will be adopted. While preparing a
conceptual mining plan for the Manganese Lease, the following points and precepts have been kept
in view:
The lease is under renewal for duration of 50 years by the state govt.
The total ML area is 26.67 Ha and at the end of plan period of first five years total 25.3995 Ha.
Area will be unbroken.
7.5 safety barriers will be maintained.
The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper terracing in the retreating fashion and
after attaining the proposed height, plantation would be carried out. Plantation in safety zone and
outside the lease under CSR activity and haul road dressing. The voids so left will be filled with
rain water and treated as water reservoir.
TABLE 2 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MINE
S. No. Particulars Details
1. Method of mining Manual Open Cast Mining
2. Area 26.67 ha
3. Proved Reserve 4864 Tonnes
4. Life of the Mine ~5 years
5. Stripping Ratio 1:6
6. Bench Height and Width Ht. 1.5 m and Width 1.5 m
8. Maximum Depth of Mining 4 mbgl
9. Minable Reserve 6400 Tonnes
10. Available Reserve For Mining 6400 Tonnes
11. Topsoil thickness 0.5m
12. Ultimate Pit Slope angle 450
13. Elevation Range Highest elevation:390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
14. Water requirement 15 KLD
15. Source of Water Nearby Water Supplier
16. Water table
Near the Mine Lease area: Water levels in pre & post monsoon are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively.
In Study Area: Depth of water level during pre & post monsoon
season in study area due south to the ML area is :5-10 mtsbgl
4-8 mtsbgl respectively.
17. Commencement of Mining After the grant of EC
18.
Manganese (T)
Waste Rock/ Reject (T)
Top Soil (T)
6,400 Tonnes
11572.82 Tonnes
3065.52 Tonnes
19. Number of working days 250
20. Number of shifts per day 1
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 4
1.2.4 Waste Generation & Disposal
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3M OB and will be removed while reclamation. A
total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will be generated
during the plan period. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation
of un-sealable ore.
The mineral waste will be dumped on one side of the area earmarked for ore stacking yard in the
non- mineralized area. The waste will be loaded in to tippers by labors and same will be dumped at
designated dumping place, the dumps height will be maximum 6 meter, after dumping and
stabilization plantation will be done on inactive site of dump. The soil will be temporarily stacked
within the mine lease area and will be used for spreading on the safety barrier for plantation.
1.2.5 Water Requirement & Source
Total water requirement for the project will be 15 KLD, which will be met from nearby water supplier. Water for drinking purposes will be supplied from nearby water supplier.
1.2.6 Manpower Requirement
Total manpower requirement for the project will be 20-30 persons.
1.2.7 Site Infrastructure
The available infrastructure is in the form of mines office, rest shelter, Transformer and machinery.
The haul road, the road from mining to connecting NH will be developed. The first aid center, water
drinking point etc. will be developed outside mine lease area.
1.3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO
1.3.1 Baseline Environmental Studies
An environmental baseline monitoring was carried out as a part of EIA studies for proposed
manganese mine during Post monsoon season (October-December 2017).
1.3.2 Meteorology & Ambient Air Quality
Summary of Meteorological data generated at site (October-December 2017)
Temperature (°C) 16°C to 34°C
Relative Humidity (%) 18% to 94%
Wind Direction NE (23%)
Calm wind % 0.25%
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 5
Ambient Air Quality Status
The ambient air quality monitoring with respect to parameters of significance was carried out during
post monsoon season. The major sources of air pollution in the region are Industrial operations,
domestic activities, traffic density and rural conditions. The prime objective was to assess the existing
air quality of the area. The locations were identified keeping in view predominant wind directions
prevailing during study period, sensitive receptors and human settlements. The levels of PM10, PM2.5,
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Carbon monoxide (CO), Volatile Organic
Compound (VOC), were monitored for establishing the baseline status. The minimum and maximum
values of monitoring results are summarized in Table 3.
TABLE 3
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS
Sr. No.
Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Ozone NH3
µg/m3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 mg/m
3 μg/m
3 μg/m
3
1. Dudhala Khurd
Min 41.3 13.2 5.5 8.1 0.105 5.6 6.1
Max 54.6 18.5 9.1 11.8 0.120 8.4 9.8
2. Malegaon Min 54.7 16.8 6.2 8.2 0.120 5.8 6.2
Max 64.8 21.8 10.9 11.9 0.142 8.7 9.9
3. Kelod Min 53.2 17.1 6.3 10.1 0.135 6.4 6.4
Max 69.1 23.9 11.9 15.6 0.154 9.6 9.8
4. Birgaon Min 68.1 23.6 9.0 11.7 0.221 6.2 6.5
Max 78.4 28.8 12.7 18.6 0.247 13.3 12.9
5. Kawatha Min 65.3 20.1 10.3 14.3 0.212 8.1 8.1
Max 84.6 27.8 13.8 19.8 0.231 11.4 11.3
6. Saonga Min 70.0 23.2 11.6 23.2 0.268 10.2 9.2
Max 78.6 30.1 15.7 29.7 0.319 14.3 15.4
7. Satnu Min 71.2 26.1 10.5 26.2 0.265 10.1 10.1
Max 84.3 33.4 17.4 34.3 0.329 16.8 15.6
8. Kharduka Min 45.3 15.1 6.3 8.2 0.152 5.2 5.1
Max 64.3 22.8 11.6 11.7 0.165 7.8 7.4
CPCB Standards 100
(24hr) 60
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 2
(8hr) 100
(8hr) 400
(24hr)
From the above results, it is observed that the ambient air quality with respect to PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
and NOx at all the monitoring locations was within the permissible limits specified by CPCB.
As project site comes under remote and undulated area, just representative sampling was carried at
day time (8 hours) by DG set as power source.
1.3.3 Ambient Noise Levels
Ambient noise level monitoring was carried out at the 8 monitoring locations, those were selected for
ambient air quality monitoring. The monitoring results are summarized in Table 4.
TABLE 1.4:
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL MONITORING RESULTS
Sr. No. Monitoring Locations Category of Area/Zone Equivalent Noise Level
Leq Day Leq Night
1. Dudhala Khurd Residential 45.3 35.6
2. Malegaon Residential 52.1 42.1
3. Kelod Commercial 63.5 51.3
4. Birgaon Residential 53.2 41.6
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 6
Sr. No. Monitoring Locations Category of Area/Zone Equivalent Noise Level
5. Kawatha Silence 48.2 37.5
6. Saonga Commercial 61.8 50.2
7. Satnui Residential 54.2 41.5
8. Kharduka Residential 51.3 40.6
CPCB Standards dB(A)
1. Residential Area 55.0 45.0
2. Commercial Area 65.0 55.0
3. Industrial Area 75.0 70.0
4. Silence Zone 50.0 40.0
The overall ambient noise quality with respect to various zones was found to be within prescribed
limits by CPCB.
1.3.4 Surface and Ground Water Resources & Quality
Site Specific Geology
Considering the mine lease area and adjacent area, Quartz mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite &
Dolomite rock Formations can be easily encountered. In the mine lease area there is occurrence of
manganeferous quartzite boulders as float ore.
Site Specific Hydrogeology
Site area comprises of mainly two aquifer units which are Alluvium & Archaean rock Formations viz.
Quartz mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite, pink gneisses & Dolomite. The study area which comes
in Sausar Tehsil of Chindwara District showed fall in water level as compared to the study area which
comes in Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur District due to large-scale withdrawal of ground water for irrigation
purpose. Depth to water level in the vicinity of ML area in pre & post monsoon ranges 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl
& 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Whereas in study area due south to the ML area, depth of water level
during pre & post monsoon is Season: 5-10 mtsbgl 4-8 mtsbgl respectively.
Water Quality
The existing status of groundwater and surface water quality was assessed by identifying 8 ground
water (Bore wells/dug wells) samples in different villages and 2 surface water samples.
The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: 10500 is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the
water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the pH
was varying for ground waters from 7.72-8.26 and in surface water the pH was varying between 8.09-
8.48. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to
be within the limits.
The desirable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: 10500 is 500 mg/l whereas the permissible
limits in absence of alternate source is 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause
gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved
solids are varying from 318-1236 mg/l. The TDS of maximum samples were above the desirable limit
but within the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l. In surface waters the total dissolved solids were in the
range of 298-635 mg/l which were within the desirable limit.
The desirable limit for chloride is 250 mg/l as per IS: 10500 whereas the permissible limit of the same
is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the
ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 29.35-269.07 mg/l. All are within
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 7
the desirable limits. In surface waters the chlorides were in the range of 9.78-24.46 mg/l, which are
within the desirable limits.
The desirable limit as per IS10500 for hardness is 300 mg/l whereas the permissible limit for the
same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on
domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the
hardness is varying from 211.89-882.0 mg/l. In surface waters the hardness is varying between
166.54-430.50 mg/l.
Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the desirable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit
of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the
fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of
tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water
samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.21-2.27 mg/l. where as in the surface
waters the fluoride was in range of 0.22-0.32 mg/l.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) refers to the amount of oxygen (O2) dissolved in water. Because in surface
water fish and other aquatic organisms cannot survive without oxygen, DO is one of the most
important water quality parameters. In surface water the reported value of range of 6.4-6.5 mg/lt.
Phosphorus (as PO4) is an important nutrient for plants and algae. Because phosphorus is in short
supply in most fresh waters, even a modest increase in phosphorus can cause excessive growth of
plants and algae that deplete dissolved oxygen (DO) as they decompose. The range of Phosphorus
(as PO4) was found to be below detectable limit or absent.
Bacteriologically, all surface water samples were contaminated and proper treatment such as
chlorination or disinfection treatment is needed before use for alternate source of drinking purpose,
and also ground water samples were bacteriologically contaminated. Present of Sodium into ground
water is mainly influenced by Sodium Chloride or table salt.
1.3.5 Land use Land Cover classification
The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the periphery of project site has
been prepared using Resource SAT-2, sensor- LISS-3 having 23.5 mspatial resolution and date of
pass 29 May 2015 satellite image with reference to Google Earth data and the IRS-P5- Cartosat-I
data having 2.5 m spatial resolution and date of pass April 2016. In order to strengthen the baseline
information on existing land use pattern, the following data covering approx. 21°24′11.66″ to 21°35′11.05″
N latitude and 78°54′00.79″ to 78°54′15.72″ E longitude and elevation ranging between 344-364 meter in
an around mining lease area and for whole 10 km study area is about 235-403 m.
The Land Cover classes and their coverage are summarized in Table 5.
TABLE 5
LU/LC CLASSES AND THEIR COVERAGE WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS
Sr. No. LU/LC Class Area (Sq.Km²) Percentage (%)
1
Built up Land Rural/Urban)
Settlement 2.41 0.77
Industry/other industries 1.3 0.41
Road Infrastructure 0.97 0.31
Railway Line/Railway Siding 0.54 0.17
2
Agriculture Land
Cropland 230.15 73.30
Barren Land 0.74 0.24
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Sr. No. LU/LC Class Area (Sq.Km²) Percentage (%)
3
Water bodies
River/Nala/Stream 6.29 2.00
Pond/Tank 1.22 0.39
4
Scrub/Waste Land
Land with scrub/Open Scrub 17.21 5.48
5 Dense Forest
Open Mixed Jungle/PF/RF 52.04 16.57
6
Mining/Stone Quarry 1.13 0.36
Total 314 100
1.3.6 Soil Quality
For studying soil profile of the region, sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil
conditions in and around the proposed project site representing various land use conditions. The physical,
chemical properties and heavy metals concentrations were determined. The samples were collected by
ramming a core-cutter into the soil up to a depth of 15-20 cm. Total 8 samples within the study area were
collected and analysed.
Regular cultivation practices increase the bulk density of soils thus inducing compaction. This results in
reduction in water percolation rate and penetration of roots through soils. The soils with low bulk density
have favorable physical conditions whereas those with high bulk density exhibit poor physical conditions for
agriculture crops. The bulk density of the soil in the study area ranged between 1.41-1.61 g/cc which
indicates favorable physical condition for plant growth. The water holding capacity is between 18.45-34.06
%. Infiltration rate, in the soil is in the range of 15.99-26.62 mm/hr. The important soluble cations in the soil
are calcium and magnesium whose concentration levels ranged from 209.52-486.44 mg/Kg and 75.12-
153.05 mg/Kg respectively. Chloride is in the range of 186.39-829.71 mg/Kg. Organic matter and nitrogen
were found in the range of 0.34-2.17 % and 125.17-161.12 kg/ha.
1.3.7 Biological Environment
Flora and Fauna are important features of natural environment. They are organized into communities with
mutual dependencies among their members and show various responses and sensitivities to outside
influences. Therefore, nature of development and baseline characteristics of flora and fauna around the
site of proposed activities is required to be assessed. Hence, the present study is conducted to generate
the baseline pertaining to biological environment and assessment of the impact due to proposed
Manganese Project on biotic environment.
Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of
plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its
strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of
biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any
threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants except Pterocarpus marsupium (Bija) Near
Threatened (NT) (observed in buffer zone) as per Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2017;
BSI, 2003).
Endemic Plants of the Study Area
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic
unit, especially species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding
region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species none
were assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
Aquatic Plant Diversity: Kanhan River is passing through the study area. The study area is also
having few fresh water ponds. The water bodies observed in low lying areas exist with patches of
marshy depressions and swamps as well as perennial water bodies of varying shape, size and depth.
The aquatic plant species belongs to diverse habits and have distinctive characteristics provides
perching grounds for various birds. Total 10 aquatic species have been identified and they can be
described into following broad Categories.
Free floating hydrophytes: Eichhornia cressipes, Lemna minor.
Suspended submersed hydrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Utricularia sp.
Anchored submerged hydrophytes: Hydrilla verticillata & Potamogeton crispus.
Anchored hydrophytes with floating shoots: Ipomea aquatica.
Emergent amphibious hydrophytes: Sagittaria latifolia.
Rooted hydrophytes with floating leaves: Nilumbo nucifera
Fauna in the study area
The 10 km radius study area is home to several species of Mammals, Reptiles, Aves and other lower
invertebrates. As earlier described, the study area has about 16.57% of forest in the study area; the
top carnivore not observed in the study area either direct or indirect evidences but its existence in the
buffer area were taken in consideration as Sitagondi Reserve forest is a part of study area. During the
site survey, indirect evidences in the form of pellets of Bluebull, Cheetal, Barking Deer, Indian gazelle,
Hanuman langur were observed in reserve forest of the study area.
In Mammals: Gazella bennettii (Indian gazelle) and in Avifauna: Aves Pavo Cristatus (Indian Peafawl)
In Reptiles: Python molurus molurus (Indian Rock Python), & Varanus sp. (Monitor Lizard) are
Schedule I species observed in the buffer zone.
Among the reported species no Schedule I species were observed in Core Area.
Birds can be observed throughout the study area but mostly located near forest area and water
bodies. Reptiles and amphibians are also observed in the study area. Fresh water fish are found in
the river (Kanhan River), ponds and streams.
1.3.8 Socio-economic Environment
Information on socio-demographic status and the trends of the communities in the 10 km radius, was
collected through primary social survey and secondary data from census 2011 & village directory
2001. Summary of the socio-economic status of the study area is given in Table 6.
TABLE 6:
SUMMARY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF VILLAGES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS AREA
No. of villages 30
Total households 7034
Total population 29968
Male Population 15326
Female population 14642
SC Population 5381
ST Population 2935
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Executive Summary 10
Total literates 21926
Total workers 15859
Total main workers 13544
Total marginal workers 2315
Total non-workers 14109
TABLE 7:
DETAILS REGARDING EDUCATION FACILITIES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS STUDY AREA
Gov Pre
Primary
School
Gov.
Primary
school
Private
primary
school
Gov.
Middle
School
Private
Middle
School
Gov.
Secondary
School
Gov.
Senior
Secondary
School
Private
Senior
Secondary
School
Gov. Arts,
Science
Degree
College
Pvt. Arts,
Sci.&
Comm.
College
28 27 28 09 03 05 01 0 0 0
Source: District census handbook 2011, District Nagpur and Chhindwada State Madhya Pradesh &
Maharashtra
1.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
1.4.1 Impact on Topography, Drainage & Landuse
There is no forest land involved in the mine lease area. The existing topography of the mine lease
area will be altered due to the proposed mining operations. However, there will not be any changes in
the topography of the area located outside the mine lease area as all the mining activities will be
conducted within mine lease area only.
There is no perennial surface water stream or nallah or any kind of water bodies are in existence
except small seasonal gully developed due to rain water within mine lease area which will be
unaffected or unaltered by proposed manual mining activity.
The mining operations will alter most of the mine lease area into mine pits, surface dumps and other
infrastructure facilities. However, since there is no forest or built-up land in the mine lease area, no
significant impact will be observed on the land use pattern of the mine lease area. There will not be
any changes in the land use pattern outside the mine lease area.
1.4.2 Ambient Air Quality
Impacts on Air Quality
To assess the impact of the Kawatha Manganese Mine operations from the, air quality modeling was
carried out for the mining operations and the mineral transportation activities. The modeling was
carried out using MoEF/CPCB approved ISCST3 model.
The resultant concentration levels of PM2.5 (controlled, uncontrolled), PM10 (controlled,
uncontrolled), SO2 and NO2 were presented in Table 8. The resultant concentration levels (Ambient +
incremental concentration) reveals that the concentration levels occurring 32.91μg/m3, 34.41μg/m3,
92.75μg/m3, 95.55/m3, 13.802μg/m3, 20.7μg/m3 in the WSW and SW directions at distance 1.4 km,
which is found to be below the ambient air quality standards. Hence it is inferred that considering total
concentration levels, the pollution load exerted due to mining activity will be insignificant.
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TABLE 8
AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTION
Sr.
No.
Pollutant Baseline
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Distance
GLC
Incremental
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Total
GLC
(μg/m3)
Prescribed
Standard
1 (a) PM2.5 (controlled) 27.8 1.4 5.11 32.91 60
1(b) PM2.5
(uncontrolled)
27.8 1.4 6.61 34.41 60
2 (a) PM10(controlled) 84.6 1.4 8.15 92.75 100
2(b) PM10(uncontrolled) 84.6 1.4 10.95 95.55 100
3 SO2 13.8 1.4 0.0018 13.802 80
4 NO2 19.8 1.4 0.9 20.7 80
Maximum 1 trip/day of 15 ton capacity trucks/tippers will be required for transport of Mn ore from mine
to the buyers location. There will not be any significant impact on the traffic density on NH-26B / SH
19, also there will not be any significant increase in air pollution due to the Mn ore transport.
Air Pollution Control Measures
No blasting under unfavorable wind and atmospheric conditions.
Drilling machines will be equipped with wet drilling arrangements or dust collector.
Water sprinkling on haul roads at regular intervals.
Regular maintenance of haul road.
Water sprinkling during loading operations to control dust emissions.
Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery.
Provision of Dust masks to workmen.
Plantation of thick green belt around lease boundary, road sides and dumps.
Covered transport of manganese ore to end user.
Good housekeeping would be practiced to control air pollution.
1.4.3 Ambient Noise Levels & Ground vibrations
For predicting the impacts on ambient noise levels, 'DHWANI' Noise model, developed by NEERI was
used. From the modeling results, it was observed the maximum predicted noise level within the mine
boundary (0.3 km radius) is 4 7.6-57.1 dB (A). Noise level at a distance of 0.5 km radius of the mine is
predicted to be less than 45 dB (A) which is well within the standards. The nearest human settlement
(Dudhala Khurd) is 1.4 km away from project site and resultant noise level at this village is 45.6 dB(A)
and 38.0 dB(A) at day night respectively. Another nearest human settlement (Kawtha) is 2.2 km away
from project site and resultant noise level at this village is 48.3 dB(A) and 38.3 dB(A) at day night
respectively. Thus, no significant impact will take place on the ambient noise levels due to the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine operations.
Ground vibrations
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 12
The ground vibrations and peak particle velocity due to the blasting is calculated using the empirical
equation as per guidelines of Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), Dhanbad. It is calculated that
there is no significant impact on surrounding villages due to blasting and thereby ground vibration.
Proposed Noise Control Measures
Drilling will be carried out with sharp drill bits which help in reducing noise.
Controlled blasting with proper spacing, burden, and optimum charge/delay will be maintained.
Proper maintenance, of machines at regular intervals will be done to reduce generation of noise.
Proper designing by providing inbuilt mechanism like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the foundation.
Green Belt/Plantation will be developed around the mining activity area and along haul roads.
Ear muffs/ear plugs will be provided to persons working at high noise generating area
Periodical monitoring of noise will be done.
Measures to Control Ground Vibration & Fly Rocks
Proper blast design will be made to control ground vibration and fly rocks.
Adequate safe distance from blasting will be maintained.
Charge per delay will be minimized and more number of delays will be used per blasts;
During blasting, other activities in the immediate vicinity will be temporarily stopped;
Drilling parameters will be properly designed to give proper blast.
Muffle blasting using wire mesh and sand bags will be conducted at mine working near ML boundary towards habitation.
Blasting will be carried out only to loosen the strata, thereby reducing the quantity of explosives.
1.4.4 Water Resources & Quality
Impact on Water Resources & Quality
As the ultimate depth of mining is 4m from the surface whereas near the Mine Lease area, which is at
higher altitude, water levels in pre & post monsoon are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl
respectively. Hence the groundwater table level will not be intersected & hence there will not be any
quantitative or qualitative effect on the groundwater in the study area due to proposed mining activity.
Due to undulating topography and location of mine lease area close to the Kanhan River, which
continuously recharges the ground water table in the area, there will not be any significant impact on
the ground water table of the area. Hence, no impact is envisaged on the surface water resources
due to mining in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine.
Proposed Water Conservation & Water Pollution Control Measures
The garland drains will be constructed around the mine pits, surface dumps and along the mine lease
boundary will be connected to a series of settling tanks. This will facilitate proper settling of the
sediments / silt carried with the storm water run-off before discharging / supplying the water to the
farmers.
Check dams and gully plugs will be constructed at strategic locations along the hill slope to arrest silt
wash-off during rainy season.
1.4.5 Solid Waste Generation & Management
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 13
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3M OB and will be removed while reclamation. A
total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will be generated
during the plan period. The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper terracing in the
retreating fashion and after attaining the proposed height, plantation would be carried out. The angle
of repose of these dumps will not be more than 450. Garland drain and retaining wall will be
constructed during the plan period. Slope stability investigations would be carried out in the
conceptual period to avoid land slide and develop the mine accordingly so that there will not be any
accidental hazard. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation of
un-sealable ore.
1.4.6 Biological Environment
There is no Forest land, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve within 10 km radius
of the project site. No rare, endemic & endangered species are reported in the buffer zone. Dust
deposition on leaf lamina will takes place on nearby local plant species along the transport road
which may results in decline the rate of photosynthesis and retards the plant growth.
Proposed Biological Environment Conservation Measures
Dust issues are mainly raised in the area due to unpaved road, cumulative fugitive dust emissions
by various mining activities. To mitigate the impact regular water sprinkling will be carried out
within the mine lease area as well as approach road.
Stabilization of soil/waste dumps by grass cover shall be done.
Fencing around the mine lease area to restrict the entry of stray animals
Thick Green belt will be developed around mine lease area and along transport road.
Periodic maintenance of mineral transport road
Regular sprinkling of water through mobile tanker on mineral transport road up to railway siding.
Covered Transport
Monitoring of dust fall at agriculture land located nearby the mining area.
1.4.7 Socio-economic Environment
There is no habitation or private land within mine lease area. There is no rehabilitation and
resettlement involved in the project. However compensation of Rs. 2.96 Crore to private land
owners in ML is proposed & incorporated in the project cost.
This is a small manual opencast manganese mine. Around 20-30 persons will be employed in the
mine. Mostly local persons will be employed in the mine.
The mine management will take efforts as a part of CSR & CER for improvement in civic
amenities like sanitation, drinking water facilities, transport road, etc in the nearby villages.
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be established in the mine under the control of Mines
Manager. The EMC will be headed by an Environmental scientist having adequate qualification and
experience in the field of environmental management. Environmental monitoring of Ambient Air
Quality, Water Table Depth, Water Quality, Ambient Noise Levels, Soil Quality, etc. will be carried out
through MOEF accredited agencies regularly and reports will be submitted to MPCB/MoEF.
1.6 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Executive Summary 14
The assessment of risk in the proposed manganese mine project has been estimated for Slope
failure, Handling of explosives, Fly-rocks during blasting, Movement of Trucks/Tippers Inundation due
to surface water, Dust hazards, Hazards associated with use of electricity/ Diesel Generator Sets and
flooding of lower benches and corresponding mitigation measures are suggested in the Draft
EIA/EMP report.
A detailed Disaster Management Plan for facing disasters due to natural effects and human reasons
is prepared and incorporated in the draft EIA/EMP report for ensuring safety of life, protection of
environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same
order of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it will be widely
circulated and personnel training through rehearsals. Site facilities, procedures, Duties and
responsibilities, Communications, etc is considered in detail in the Disaster Management Plan.
1.7 PROJECT BENEFITS
The proposed mining project at Kawatha village would generate additional employment opportunities
which would finally result in improvement in the quality of life of people of the nearby villages. In line
with CER & CSR policy, project proponent will carry community welfare activities in the following
areas:
Community development
Education
Health& medical care
Drainage and sanitation
Roads
A budget of Rs. 1.30 Lakh per annum as recurring expenses under CSR & CER budget of 6.1 Lakh
which is 2% of the project cost has been proposed for implementation of Socio-economic welfare
activities in the nearby villages.
1.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
An Environmental Management Plan comprise of following set of mitigation, management, monitoring
and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation of the project, to
eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels.
Overall conservation of environment.
Minimization of natural resources and water.
Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.
Monitoring of cumulative and longtime impacts.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Control of waste generation and pollution.
Judicious use of the environmental management plan addresses the components of environment,
which are likely to be affected by the different operations in the project. A budget of Rs. 29.05 Lakh
as capital cost and Rs. 10.00 Lakh as recurring expenses has been allocated for implementation of
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Executive Summary 15
the Environmental Management Plan. From the total EMP cost of 29.05, the EMP cost of Rs. 18.00
lacs for conservation of Schedule – I species will be spent from the the beginning of mining (from
Year 1).
1.9 CONCLUSION
The proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) project of Smt. Rachana A
Belorkar, will be beneficial for the development of the nearby villages. Some environmental aspects
like dust emission, noise, siltation due to surface run-off, etc. will have to be controlled within the
permissible norms to avoid impacts on the surrounding environment. Necessary pollution control
equipment like water sprinkling, plantation, personal protective equipments, etc., will form regular
practice in the project. Additional pollution control measures and environmental conservation
measures will be adopted to control/minimize impacts on the environment and socio-economic
environment of the area. Measures like development of thick green belt and plantation within mine
lease area and along transport road, adoption of rainwater harvesting in the mine and in nearby
villages, etc. will be implemented. The CSR measures proposed to be adopted by the mine
management will improve the social, economic status of the nearby villages. Provision for CER is also
made in this EIA/EMP as per the MoEF notification F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018.
The overall impacts of the proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine will be positive and will result in
overall socio-economic growth of nearby villages.
1.10 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
The Environmental studies for proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine are carried out by M/s Anacon
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur (M/s ALPL). Anacon established in 1993 as an analytical testing
laboratory and now a leading Environmental Consultancy firm backed by testing lab for environment
and food in Central India region. M/s ALPL is a group of experienced former Scientists from the
Government Institutions and excellent young scientist of brilliant career with subject expertise. It is
recognized by Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi for carrying out environmental Studies &
accredited by Quality Council of India (QCI) for conducting Environmental studies as per QCI-NABET
SA – 241th AC Meeting, dtd. Jan 4, 2019.
ToR COMPLIANCE
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 1
COMPLIANCE TO TOR
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
1. Year-wise production details since 1994 should be given, clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically informed whether there had been any increase in production after the EIA Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to 1994.
This is proposed New Mining Project
2. A copy of the document in support of the fact that the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given.
Enclosed as Annexure - I
3. All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and public hearing should be compatible with one another in terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste generation and its management and mining technology and should be in the name of the lessee.
The documents submitted are compatible with one another w.r.t. following information’s:
Mine Lease area: 26.67 Ha
Lease Holder: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Production level: Proposed production 2732 TPA
Waste/Rejects generation till the
end of scheme period: 11572.82
Tonnes
Top Soil (T) 3065.52 Tonnes
Waste management: Furnished in EIA/EMP report, Chapter 2.
Mining technology: Manual Open Cast Mining
Public consultation/hearing held on 19.10.2018 at 12.00 noon at Grampanchayat office, Kawatha, Tal. Saoner, Dist. Nagpur of Maharashtra State. The minutes of environmental public hearing enclosed as Annexure - XIII
4. All corner coordinates of the mine lease area, superimposed on a High Resolution Imagery/toposheet should be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed area should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone).
ML area is also superimposed on toposheet and is given in Figure-1.4 in Chapter 1. A Map showing all the corner coordinates of the mine lease area is given in Figure 1.3 on in Chapter-1. High resolution satellite imagery of the 10 km radius study area of the project with mine lease area superimposed on it as given in Figure 3.5.1 and the corresponding land use pattern is shown in Figure- 3.5.2 in chapter-3 on page 22 &23.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 2
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
5. Information should be provided in Survey of India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating geological map of the area, geomorphology of land forms of the area, existing minerals and mining history of the area, important water bodies, streams and rivers and soil characteristics.
All the information (geological map of the area, geomorphology of land forms of the area, important water bodies, streams and rivers and soil characteristics) is provided according Survey of India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale & Geological Survey of India’s District Resource Map.-Chapter-3. Fig.3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.4.4 Existing minerals and mining history of the area (Chapter2. Section 2.6)
6. Details about the land proposed for mining activities should be given with information as to whether mining conforms to the land use policy of the State; Land diversion for mining should have approval from State land use board or the concerned authority.
1.Lease documents- Ann-1 2. Letter from Dy. Conservator forest that no forest land is involved in the mine lease area attached as Ann-IX page no.5 & letter from PCCF that national Park/ Wildlife sanctuary is 12 km away from ML attached Annexure
XIV.
7. It should be clearly stated whether the proponent Company has a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA Report with description of the prescribed operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement/ Deviation/violation of the environmental or forest norms/ conditions? The hierarchical system or administrative order of the Company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions may also be given. The system of reporting of non-compliances / Violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large, may also is detailed in the EIA Report.
It is a NEW MINING PROJECT Environmental Policy - Ann. VIII The system of reporting of non-compliances/ violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large, hierarchy is given in Chapter 6-Fig. 6.1
8. Issues relating to Mine Safety, including subsidence study in case of underground mining and slope study in case of open cast mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed. The proposed safeguard measures in each case should also be provided.
Since, mining operation has been planned only up to 4 m depth due to presence of Manganese reef on upper layer systematic manual mining will be adopted. The bench height will be kept 1.5 M. However, all safety measures will be adopted as per DGMS norms. Slope Study is given in Ann-10 & mitigation or precaution for blasting is covered in chapter 4 section 4.2.2
9. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the EIA such as waste generation etc. should be for the life of the mine / lease period.
Study area comprise 10km zone around mine lease periphery- chapter 1 Fig. 1.2. The EIA-EMP study is done for the life of mine based on present mineral resources.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 3
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
10. Land use of the study area delineating forest area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features should be indicated. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post operational phases and submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use should be given.
Land Use of the study area is given in chapter 3 section 3.5.8 Land use Plane of mine lease area given in chapter 4 section 4.1
11. Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps outside the mine lease, such as extent of land area, distance from mine lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, should be given.
The waste dumps have been planned within the ML area. Chapter 2. Fig 2.4 Details of dumps are given in section 2.8.1 Chp. 2
12. A Certificate from the Competent Authority in the State Forest Department should be provided, confirming the involvement of forest land, if any, in the project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees.
Mining Lease is devoid of any forest land. The relevant certificate from office of Dy. Conservator Forest, Gov. of Maharashtra is attached as Annexure-9 Page no. 5 & Page no. 9.
13. Status of forestry clearance for the broken up area and virgin forestland involved in the Project including deposition of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished.
Not applicable
14. Implementation status of recognition of forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.
Not Applicable.
15. The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study area, with necessary details, should be given.
Chapter 1 & 3 section no.3.6
16. A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the Mining Project on wildlife of the study area and details furnished. Impact of the project on the wildlife in the surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly detailed mitigative measures required, should be worked out with cost implications and submitted.
It is very small project having production capacity of Mn ore will be 2732 TPA and that too in 5th year. And method of mining is open cast manual mining. The mining activities carried out during day time and no forest land envolved within ML area hence, the magnitude of impact of flora and fauna will be insignificant.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 4
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
17. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease should be clearly indicated, supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above, should be obtained from the State Wildlife Department/Chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished.
There is no National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves, etc. within 10 km radius. The distance and direction map of nearest WL sanctuary is provided in Ann-IX Page no.5. Certificate from Dy. Conservator Forest, Gov. of Maharashtra is attached as Annexure-9 Page no. 5 & Certificate from office of PCCF that National Parks/ Sanctuaries are 12 km from ML & the ML is not falling in any Wildlife Corridors, is attached as Annexure XIV.
18. A detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost.
Biological study is covered in Chp. 3 section 3.6 Authenticated lists of Flora Fauna from office of Deputy conservator of forest (Regional), Nagpur Forest Division, Nagpur & same submitted to office of PCCF are attached as Ann. VI (a), VI (b), VI (c) & VI(D)
19. Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically Polluted’ or the Project areas likely to come under the ‘Aravali Range’, (attracting court restrictions for mining operations), should also be indicated and where so required, clearance certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered.
Not Applicable
20. Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority).
Not Applicable.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 5
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
21. R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project Affected People (PAP) should be furnished. While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs /STs and other weaker sections of the society in the study area, a need based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of Village including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the report.
There is no hutment or any village within the Mine Lease area & all the land is barren land as per land records and surface features also Hence no, requirement of R& R plan in the project. However, the land belongs to private land holders which will be acquired by Project Proponent at the market rate prevailing at that time prior to start of Mining operation. Budget of Rs. 2.96 crore is proposed for R&R Plan for the private barren land involved in ML area given in section 7.5 chp. 7.
22. One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on ambient air quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and the AAQ and other data so compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and EMP Report. Site-specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole of the study area and justified keeping in view the pre-dominant downwind direction and location of sensitive receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly for free silica, should be given.
Baseline monitoring was carried out during post monsoon season as per NAAQ standards. As project site is remote and undulated area, representative sampling was taken. Within 500 m there is no human settlement, that’s why nearest settlement Dudhala Khurd (1.4 km) at downwind direction considered for AAQ monitoring. Details provide in Ch.3 in Section 3.2.2.
23. Air quality modeling should be carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map.
Air quality modeling details are covered in Ch. 4, Section 4.2.1
24. The water requirement for the Project, its availability and source should be furnished. A detailed water balance should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the Project should be indicated.
15 KLD water needed for dust suppression, greenbelt & drinking will be outsourced/purchased (Mine pit water will be used when available). Water Balance- fig. 2.1
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 6
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
25. Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water for the Project should be provided.
There is no withdrawal of Groundwater therefore no clearance is required. Also, the mining activities are planned above ground water level and the required water for environmental protection measures and domestic purposes will be procured from nearby supplier through mobile water tankers.
26. Description of water conservation measures proposed to be adopted in the Project should be given. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed in the Project, if any, should be provided
Provided Chapter 4 Section 4.3.2 Table 4.2
27. Impact of the project on the water quality, both surface and groundwater should be assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if any required, should be provided.
Impact of the project on the water quality, both surface and groundwater discussed in chapter 4 (section 4.3) & necessary safeguard measures are given in Chapter 4 section 4.3.2
28. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed Hydro Geological Study should be undertaken and Report furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished.
No ground water table will be intersected during the proposed mining activities. Ultimate working pit level is 4 meters below ground level & Pre-post monsoon depth to water level in vicinity of Mine lease is 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Details of ground water table & depth to water level near the mine lease area are given in section 4.3.1.1 chp 4. Depth to water level map (Fig. 3.4.6 chp. 3) from Department of Water Resources RD & GR- http://indiawris.gov.in (Water Resources Information System) shows depth to water level (10-20 mbgl) in post monsoon season of year 2018 which supports the primary water level data collected in vicinity of ML area.
29. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing through the lease area and modification / diversion proposed, if any, and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out.
In the proposed Mine area of mining lease area there is no stream or nallah or any other kind of water bodies are in existence, only two seasonal gullies are formed due to surface run-off during monsoon period and it will be kept intact.
30. Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table etc. Should be provided both in AMSL and bgl. A schematic diagram may also be provided for the same.
Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table given in chapter 4 section 4.3.1.1
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 7
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
31. A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be executed up front on commencement of the Project. Phase-wise plan of plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. The plant species selected for green belt should have greater ecological value and should be of good utility value to the local population with emphasis on local and native species and the species which are tolerant to pollution.
Details are covered in chapter 4 section 4.5.2.4 Phase wise Plantation given in Table no. 4.11. List of native plants to be planted is given in Table 4.12
32. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the Project should be indicated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a result of the Project in the present road network (including those outside the Project area) should be worked out, indicating whether it is capable of handling the incremental load. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies such as State Government) should be covered. Project Proponent shall conduct Impact of Transportation study as per Indian Road Congress Guidelines.
Details are covered in Ch. 4, Section 4.2.1
33. Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be provided to the mine workers should be included in the EIA report.
Rest shelter will be provided to workers & included in the EIA report section 2.10 chp.2
34. Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Restoration of mined out areas (with plans and with adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report.
It is also covered under mining plan in the progressive mine closer plan chapter. Chapter 2 Section 2.9 & 2.9.1. Conceptual plan & sections given in Fig. 2.5 & 2.8
35. Occupational Health impacts of the Project should be anticipated and the proposed preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific occupational health mitigation measures with required facilities proposed in the mining area may be detailed.
EMP/preventive measures/Mitigative measures regarding occupational health activities are given in chp.10 section 10.2 & Table 10.2. As per standard conditions, occupational Health addressing pre & post-employment medical examination, periodical health checkup is given in Section 4.7.2 chp.4. Precautionary measures to avoid manganese poisoning given in section 7.2.1 chp.7.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 8
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
36. Public health implications of the Project and related activities for the population in the impact zone should be systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial measures should be detailed along with budgetary allocations.
Details are covered in Ch. 10, Section 10.3
37. Measures of socio economic significance and influence to the local community proposed to be provided by the Project Proponent should be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frames for implementation.
Details are covered in Section 4.6 Ch. 4.
38. Detailed environmental management plan (EMP) to mitigate the environmental impacts which, should inter-alia include the impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts specific to the proposed Project.
Detailed environmental management plan (EMP) given in Chapter 10 Section 10.2
39. Public Hearing points raised and commitment of the Project Proponent on the same along with time bound Action Plan with budgetary provisions to implement the same should be provided and also incorporated in the final EIA/EMP Report of the Project.
PH proceeding documents including MoM are provided in Ann. XIII and time bound action Plan with budgetary provisions incorporated in chp. 7 section 7.3
40. Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the project should be given.
No litigations are pending.
41. The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should clearly be spelt out.
Project cost of 3.02 crore, including land compensation budget given in section 2.3.6 chp. 2
42. A Disaster management Plan shall be prepared and included in the EIA/EMP Report.
Disaster management Plan is covered Chapter 7 Section 7.3
43. Benefits of the Project if the Project is implemented should be spelt out. The benefits of the Project shall clearly indicate environmental, social, economic, employment potential, etc.
Benefits of the Project are covered in chapter 8 & Budget for the same given in table 8.1
44. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also to be followed:-
a. All documents to be properly referenced with index and continuous page numbering.
Complied
b. Where data are presented in the Report especially in Tables, the period in which the data were collected and the sources should be indicated.
Baseline data collection period is Post monsoon season (October-December 2017) Period of data is mentioned in section 3.1 chp. 3
c. Project Proponent shall enclose all the analysis/testing reports of water, air, soil, noise etc. using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited laboratories. All the original analysis/testing reports should be available during appraisal of the Project.
Analysis/testing reports of water, air, soil, noise using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited laboratories are enclosed as Annexure V(a),(b),(c).
d. Where the documents provided are in a language other than English, an English translation should be provided.
Documents in other than English are translated to English, Notarized & attached herewith.
Final EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Compliance of ToR 9
Sl. Scope as per ToR Compliance/Report Reference
e. The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall also be filled and submitted.
Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects filled & given as Ann.-XI
f. While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the Proponents and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006- IA.II(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry, should be followed.
Instructions for the Proponents and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006- IA.II(I) dated 4th August, 2009 are followed while preparing this EIA
g. Changes, if any made in the basic scope and project parameters (as submitted in Form-I and the PFR for securing the TOR) should be brought to the attention of MoEF&CC with reasons for such changes and permission should be sought, as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public Hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the revised documentation.
No Changes made in basic scope and project parameters.
h. As per the circular no. J-11011/618/2010-IA.II(I) dated 30.5.2012, certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be applicable.
Certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project will be obtained from the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
i. The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area indicating contours of main topographic features, drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and (iii) sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land features of the adjoining area.
Included in Chapter 2 as Fig. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 2.5 & Sections in Fig. 2.6, 2.7, 2.8
6. The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area indicating contours of main topographic features, drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and (iii) sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land features of the adjoining area.
Included in Chapter 2 as Fig. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 2.5 & Sections in Fig. 2.6, 2.7, 2.8
7. The prescribed ToR would be valid for a period of three years for submission of EIA/EMP reports, as per the O. M. No. J-11013/41/2006/IA.II (I) dated 07.11.2014. The ToR is valid up to 08.11.2020
Noted.
8. After preparing the draft EIA (as per the generic structure prescribed in Appendix – III of the EIA Notification, 2006) Covering the above mentioned issues, the proponent will get the public hearing conducted and take further necessary action for obtaining environmental clearance in accordance with the procedure prescribed under the EIA Notification, 2006.
Noted & Agreed.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER/ SECTION
TITLE PAGE NO.
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-13
1.1 About the Project 1-1
1.2 Location and Size of the Project 1-1
1.3 Purpose of the report 1-7
1.4 Identification of project proponent 1-7
1.5 Environmental Impact Assessment Studies 1-9
1.6 Methodology Adopted in EIA Study 1-9
1.7 Scope of the study 1-11
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-18
2.1 Type of project 2-1
2.2 Need for the project 2-1
2.3 Requirement for the project 2-1
2.4 Geology of the area 2-3
2.5 Physiography 2-7
2.6 Details of Mining 2-7
2.7 Method of Mining 2-10
2.8 Waste Generation & Disposal 2-13
2.9 Conceptual Mining Plan 2-14
2.10 Site Infrastructure 2-14
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3-48
3.1 Introduction 3-1
3.2 Air environment 3-2
3.3 Noise Environment 3-10
3.4 Water Environment 3-13
3.5 Land use of study area 3-20
3.6 Biological Environment 3-32
3.7 Socio Economic Environment 3-39
4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4-28
4.1 Anticipated Impact on Land Environment 4-1
4.2 Air Environment 4-4
4.3 Water Environment 4-16
4.4 Noise Environment 4-21
4.5 Biological Environment 4-25
4.6 Socio-Economic and health Environment 4-29
4.7 Occupational Health and Safety 4-30
5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE AND TECHNOLOGY) 5-1
5.1 Site Alternatives under consideration 5-1
5.2 Analysis of Alternative Technology 5-1
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6-6
6.1 Implementation Schedule of Mitigation Measures 6-1
6.2 Environmental Monitoring 6-1
6.3 Environmental Policy 6-4
6.4 Occupational Health and Safety 6-5
6.5 Budgetary Allocation for Environmental Monitoring 6-5
7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7-7
7.1 Public Consultation 7-1
7.2 Occupational Health And Safety 7-8
7.3 Risk Assessment And Disaster Management Plan 7-11
7.4 Social Impact Assessment 7-14
7.5 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Aspects 7-14
8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 8-2
8.1 Need based Assessment 8-1
8.2 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) 8-1
2
CHAPTER/ SECTION
TITLE PAGE NO.
8.3 Employment Generation 8-2
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1
9.1 Environmental Costs 9-1
9.2 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9-1
10.0 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-5
10.1 Institutional Arrangements for Environment protection and conservation 10-1
10.2 Anticipated Environmental impacts and action plan proposed for mitigation
10-2
10.3 Budgetary allocation for environmental management programme 10-5
11.0 Summary and Conclusion 11-1
11.1 Introduction 11-1
11.2 Project Description 11-2
11.3 Existing Environmental Scenario 11-4
11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and mitigation measures 11-10
11.5 Environmental Monitoring program 11-13
11.6 Risk Assessment & Disaster management Plan 11-13
11.7 Project Benefit 11-13
11.8 Environmental Management Plan 11-14
11.9 Conclusion 11-14
12.0 Disclosure of Consultants 12-8
12.1 Introduction 12-1
12.2 Credentials & quality systems 12-2
12.3 Services offered 12-3
12.4 Facilities 12-4
12.5 Achievements 12-5
LIST OF ANNEXURES
Annexure I : Lease Execution Document
Annexure II : Industries in the study area
Annexure III : Environmental Standards
Annexure IV : ToR Letter
Annexure V(a) : Ambient Air Quality
Annexure V (b) : Water Environment
Annexure V (c) : Soil Environment
Annexure VI (a) : Biological Environment
Annexure VI(b) : Biological Environment
Annexure VI(c) : Biological Environment
Annexure VI(d) : Biological Environment
Annexure VI(e) : Conservation Plan
Annexure VII : Socio Economic Environmental
Annexure VIII : Environmental Policy
Annexure IX : Forest Letter
Annexure X : Slope Study
Annexure XI : Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects
Annexure XII : Settling Tank
Annexure XIII : Public Hearing Documents
Annexure XIV : Certificate from PCCF dist from National park
Annexure XV : Undertaking Affidavit Common Cause
Annexure XVI : Undertaking by PP
Annexure XVII : Undertaking by consultant
3
LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS
PHOTOGRAPH NO.
PHOTOGRAPH NAME PAGE NO.
1.1 Photographs of the proposed Kawatha Manganese mine 1-8
3.1 Photo Documentation 3-35
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO.
TITLE PAGE NO.
1.1 Index map of the project site 1-4
1.2 Study area map (10 km radial distance) 1-5
1.3 Satellite Google imagery of mine lease area 1-6
1.4 Mine lease area superimposed on Toposheet 1-7
1.5 India’s manganese ore production 1-9
2.1 Water Balance Diagram 2-2
2.2 Surface Plan 2-5
2.3 Geological Plan 2-6
2.4 Development & Production Plan 2-12
2.5 Conceptual Plan 2-15
2.6 Section of Geological plan 2-16
2.7 Sections of Development & Production Plan 2-17
2.8 Section of Conceptual Plan 2-18
3.2.1 Site specific wind-roses (Oct-Dec 2017) 3-4
3.2.2 Ambient air quality monitoring locations 3-6
3.3.1 Noise monitoring locations 3-11
3.4.1 Possible structures on the n-s cross section of the central part of the saursar belt. A- synclinorium & nappe structure. B-schupen structure
3-15
3.4.2 Geology of site 3-15
3.4.3 Outcrops of weathered Quartzite Schist 3-15
3.4.4 NWN-ESE Strike Direction of Quartzite Schist Outcrops 3-16
3.4.5 hydrogeology of study area 3-17
3.4.6 geomorphology of the study area 3-18
3.4.7 surface and groundwater sampling location 3-19
3.5.1 FCC of 00-10 km radius with mining location 3-23
3.5.2 LU/LC classes and their coverage in Sq. km of 00-10 km Radius 3-25
3.5.3 Pie chart represent the LU/LC details of 00-10 km radius 3-26
3.5.4 Drainage details of 00-10 km radius 3-27
3.5.5 Contour details of 00-10 km radius 3-27
3.5.6 DEM details of 00-10 km radius 3-28
3.5.7 Soil Sampling locations 3-29
3.7.1 Sex Ratio In The Study Area 3-40
3.7.2 Literacy Rate In The Study Area 3-41
3.7.3 Employment Pattern In The Study Area 3-42
3.7.4 Infrastructure Facilities In The Study Area In Percentage 3-43
3.7.5 Land Use Pattern In The Study Area 3-44
4.1 Windrose Diagram For Post Monsoon Season 2017 4-7
4.2 Incremental GLC Of Particulate Matter For Overall Activities (Rom) 4-9
4.3 Incremental GLC Of Particulate Matter For Blasting (Rom) 4-9
4.4 Incremental GLC Of Particulate Matter For Overall Activities (OB) 4-10
4.5 Incremental GLC Of Particulate Matter For blasting(OB) 4-10
4.6 (A) Schematic Diagram Of Check Dams 4-15
4.6 (B) Schematic Diagram Of Gully Plug 4-15
4.7 Flowsheet Showing Impacts Of Various Mining Activities On Ambient Air Quality And Proposed Air Pollution Control Measures
4-28
6.1 Organogram of environment management cell 6-2
9.1 Organizational Structure For Environment Management 9-2
4
FIGURE NO.
TITLE PAGE NO.
10.1 Organization structure for environmental management 10-2
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
TITLE PAGE NO.
1.1 Boundary Pillars of Mine Lease Area 1-1
1.2 Details of Environmental Setting 1-3
1.3 Environmental Attributes and Frequency of Monitoring 1-11
2.1 Present Land use pattern 2-1
2.2 Water Requirement (unit in KLD) 2-2
2.3 Manpower Requirement 2-3
2.4 List of Machinery 2-3
2.5 Details of Prospecting and exploration in mine lease area 2-7
2.6 Mining Details 2-9
2.7 Details of Equipment’s 2-11
2.8 Proposed production 2-11
2.9 Land Use Pattern 2-14
3.1.1 Primary data collection 3-1
3.2.1 Climatological data for IMD, Nagpur (1981 - 2010) 3-3
3.2.2 Summary of meteorological observations at site 3-3
3.2.3 Summary of site specific predominant wind pattern 3-3
3.2.4 Details of air monitoring locations 3-6
3.2.5 Summary of ambient air quality results 3-7
3.2.6 Concentration of heavy Metals & Vocs in Ambient Air 3-8
3.2.7 Ambient Air Result of project site 3-9
3.3.1 Noise monitoring Locations 3-10
3.3.2 Noise Levels in the Study Area 3-12
3.3.3 Background Noise level in Industrial area near highways 3-13
3.3.4 Vehicular traffic and correspondence noise levels during peak hours 3-13
3.4.1 Details of water sampling location 3-18
3.5.1 Data specification used for presents study 3-21
3.5.2 LU/LC classes and their coverage in sq. km. of 00-10 km radius 3-24
3.5.3 Distance and direction of river/stream nala present in project site within 10 radius
3-26
3.5.4 Distance and direction of forest/mixed and zudgpi jungle present in project site within 10 km radius
3-27
3.5.5 Details of soil sampling locations 3-29
3.7.1 Population size village wise 3-39
3.7.2 Population details in the study area 3-39
3.7.3 Literate and illiterate population in the study area 3-40
3.7.4 Employment pattern in the study area 3-41
3.7.5 Main workers employment pattern in the study area 3-42
3.7.6 Land use pattern 3-43
3.7.7 List of surveyed villages 3-45
4.1 Present and proposed land use of the mine lease area 4-1
4.2 Surface run-of potential in the mine lease area 4-4
4.3 Emission rates 4-7
4.4 Maximum incremental concentration of particular matter 4-8
4.5 Cumulative concentration levels particulate matter 4-11
4.6 Expected Noise Levels 4-17
4.7 Predicted Noise level with distance 4-18
4.8 Predicted noise level at noise monitoring locations 4-18
5
TABLE NO.
TITLE PAGE NO.
4.9 Estimated peak particle for different explosive charges 4-19
4.10 Permissible peak particle velocity 4-20
4.11 Plantation schedule 4-23
4.12 Recommended plants greenbelts 4-23
4.13 Work related health hazards 4-25
4.14 OH&S Committee & is responsibilities 4-27
6.1 Implementation schedule 6-1
6.2 Proposed environmental monitoring schedule 6-3
6.3 Cost of environmental monitoring programme 6-6
8.1 Proposed budget for socio-economic welfare activities 8-2
9.1 Anticipated environmental impacts and action proposed for mitigation 9-2
9.2 Budget for implementation 9-5
10.1 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and action plan proposed for mitigation
10-2
10.2 Budget for implementation of EMP 10-5
10.3 Time Bound Activity Wise Action Plan 10-6
11.1 Salient Features of the project site 11-1
11.2 Salient Features of the mine 11-3
11.3 Summary of ambient air quality monitoring results 11-5
11.4 Summary of ambient noise level monitoring results 11-5
11.5 LU/LC classes and their coverage within 10 km radius 11-7
11.6 Summary of socio-economic environment of village within 10 km radius 11-9
11.6 (A) Details regarding education facilities within 10 km radius study area 11-10
CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT
It is proposed Manganese mineral mine project. The lessee Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar is seeking
environmental clearance for Manganese mine for producing 2732 TPA as per the provisions of EIA
notification 2006.
This is a case of newly proposed Mn mine. The prospecting license for Manganese over an area of
26.67 Ha. has been granted to applicant dated 22-09-2008 for a period of 2 years. The said
prospecting license was executed with the collector the collector Nagpur on behalf of the Govt. of
Maharashtra on 15th January 2009 and valid up to 14th January 2011. After receiving Letter of Intent
dated 18th Jan 2016 against Mining lease application dated 20th Jan 2011, from Gov. of Maharashtra
numbered MMN-0915/CN99/industry-9, Directorate of Geology & Mining, Nagpur has approved the
mining plan vide Letter No. NGP/MN/MPW-1173/NGP-2016 dt. 03.08.16. The area is located in
Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272 in Kawatha village, Tehsil Saoner,
District Nagpur, Maharashtra.
The lease was executed on 16.05.2017 in the name of Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar for a period of 50
years i.e. from 16.05.2017 to 16.05.2067 over an area of 26.67 Ha located in Kawatha Village, Tehsil
Saoner, District Nagpur, Maharashtra State. Copy of Lease Deed is given in Annexure I.
1.2 LOCATION AND SIZE OF THE PROJECT
This is a new proposed Mn mine project. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255,
259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an
area of 26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining.
The lease area falls under Survey of India Toposheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29'
57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E. The details
provided in Table 1.1
TABLE 1.1
BOUNDARY PILLARS OF MINE LEASE AREA
BP. No.
Longitude/Easting Latitude/Northing BP. No.
Longitude/Easting Latitude/Northing
1 78° 53' 59.598" E 21° 29' 32.541" N 24 78° 53' 51.216" E 21° 29' 42.232" N
2 78° 53' 59.593" E 21° 29' 34.649" N 25 78° 53' 50.930" E 21° 29' 44.301" N
3 78° 53' 59.446" E 21° 29' 34.835" N 26 78° 53' 51.459" E 21° 29' 44.353" N
4 78° 53' 59.846" E 21° 29' 36.258" N 27 78° 53' 51.063" E 21° 29' 47.874" N
5 78° 53' 57.532" E 21° 29' 38.055" N 28 78° 53' 48.225" E 21° 29' 50.726" N
6 78° 53' 57.515" E 21° 29' 38.492" N 29 78° 53' 47.545" E 21° 29' 55.123" N
7 78° 53' 53.642" E 21° 29' 38.895" N 30 78° 53' 46.456" E 21° 29' 55.553" N
8 78° 53' 52.524" E 21° 29' 36.485" N 31 78° 53' 50.352" E 21° 29' 57.810" N
9 78° 53' 48.075" E 21° 29' 38.224" N 32 78° 53' 51.117" E 21° 29' 54.857" N
10 78° 53' 46.666" E 21° 29' 36.277" N 33 78° 53' 53.646" E 21° 29' 54.103" N
11 78° 53' 44.861" E 21° 29' 37.483" N 34 78° 53' 57.704" E 21° 29' 53.370" N
12 78° 53' 43.429" E 21° 29' 39.913" N 35 78° 53' 59.673" E 21° 29' 54.023" N
13 78° 53' 39.245" E 21° 29' 40.489" N 36 78° 54' 2.132" E 21° 29' 52.955" N
14 78° 53' 40.328" E 21° 29' 44.431" N 37 78° 54' 2.747" E 21° 29' 52.261" N
15 78° 53' 41.602" E 21° 29' 49.217" N 38 78° 54' 3.289" E 21° 29' 50.420" N
16 78° 53' 44.116" E 21° 29' 47.460" N 39 78° 54' 2.125" E 21° 29' 47.700" N
17 78° 53' 45.623" E 21° 29' 47.185" N 40 78° 54' 0.268" E 21° 29' 46.797" N
18 78° 53' 45.990" E 21° 29' 46.599" N 41 78° 53' 59.292" E 21° 29' 42.890" N
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-2
BP. No.
Longitude/Easting Latitude/Northing BP. No.
Longitude/Easting Latitude/Northing
19 78° 53' 47.076" E 21° 29' 46.597" N 42 78° 54' 5.703" E 21° 29' 40.617" N
20 78° 53' 49.130" E 21° 29' 44.609" N 43 78° 54' 5.022" E 21° 29' 39.598" N
21 78° 53' 48.939" E 21° 29' 43.876" N 44 78° 54' 3.824" E 21° 29' 38.717" N
22 78° 53' 50.045" E 21° 29' 43.464" N 45 78° 54' 0.686" E 21° 29' 32.969" N
23 78° 53' 50.533" E 21° 29' 42.168" N 46 78° 54' 0.326" E 21° 29' 33.161" N
Location Map of the mine lease area is given in Figure 1.1. Environmental settings of the site are
presented in Table 1.2. Photographs of the Lease are given in Plate-1.1. There is no critically polluted
identified cluster by CPCB/MOEF in the vicinity of the project.
TABLE 1.2
DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
Sl. Particulars Details
1. Project Location Khasra No. : 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272.
Village - Kawatha
Tehsil – Saoner
District - Nagpur, Maharashtra
2. Latitude/Longitude Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes
78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E.
3. Location covered in Toposheet No 55 K/15
4. Climatic Conditions IMD data, Nagpur
Avg. Ambient air temp 8o C to 46
o C
Avg. Annual rainfall 1000 mm
5. Site elevation above Mean Sea Level Highest Elevation: 390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
6. Land use at the proposed project site Pvt. Land
7. Site topography Undulating with slight slope towards South & Southeast. Old
mine pit exists within lease area.
8. Nearest roadway NH-26B / SH 19 ~3.65 km, W
9. Nearest Railway Station Kelod ~ 4.2 Km, SW
10. Nearest Railway line Railway Line connecting - North Eastern Railway Nagpur-
Chhindwara extension.
11. Nearest Air Port Nagpur ~65 km, SW
12. Nearest village/major town Village : Kawatha ~ 2.5 km, South
Town: Saoner town~ 11.9 km, South
13. Hills/valleys Hillocks in North and west side within 10 Km radius of mine
lease area.
14. Ecologically sensitive zone None within 10km radius area
15. Nearest Reserved/Protected forests Khapa Padri RF - 0.5 km NNW
Sita Gondi RF-7.43 Km – ENE
Sapghota RF- 6.24km- NE
Khapa Padri RF-0.5 km-E
16. Historical/tourist places None within 5 km radius of mine lease area
17. Nearest Industries Dolomite mines & other industries in 10 km area. Provided in
Annexure II.
18. Nearest water bodies Khekara Nala waterbody ~ 6.54 km, NE
Kanhan River ~ 2.66 km, NE
19. Seismic zone The area is not known for natural hazards. Seismically, this
area is categorized under Zone-II as per IS-1893 (Part-1)-2002.
Hence, seismically the site is a stable zone.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-3
Source: Field Studies, Anacon Laboratories Private Limited.
FIGURE 1.1: INDEX MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-4
FIGURE 1.2: STUDY AREA (10 KM RADIAL DISTANCE)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-5
FIGURE 1.3: SATELITE GOOGLE IMAGERY OF MINE LEASE AREA
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-6
FIGURE 1.4: MINE LEASE AREA SUPERIMPOSED ON TOPOSHEET
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-7
PLATE 1.1: PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE PROPOSED KAWATHA MANGANESE MINE
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
In order to fulfill statutory requirement to seek environmental clearance, an application for obtaining
approved ToR prior to EC (Form-1 & Pre-feasibility Report) was submitted to EAC (Non-Coal)
MoEFCC, New Delhi. The project for ToR was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee in its
23rd meeting of the Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee for Environmental Appraisal of Mining
Projects (Non-Coal) of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change held during October
23-24, 2017 for prescribing Terms of Reference (ToR) for preparation of the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) report. The ToR was granted by the Expert Appraisal Committee vide letter No. J-
11015/227/2015-IA.II(M) dated 9th November 2017 (Annexure-IV). This EIA is prepared based on the
approved ToR dated9th November 2017.
The Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board conducted Public consultation/hearing for the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Production capacity - 2732 TPA and ML Area 26.67 Ha) on
19.10.2018 at 12.00 noon at Grampanchayat office, Kawatha, Tal. Saoner, Dist. Nagpur of
Maharashtra State. The details of public hearing are provided in EIA-EMP report.
This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is prepared for obtaining Environmental
Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF), New Delhi and the Consent for
Establishment (CFE) from the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) for the proposed
Kawatha Manganese Mine project.
1.3.1 Applicability of EIA Notification for Environmental Clearance:
The EIA Notification 2006 as amended are applicable to Mining Projects (Major Minerals) with lease
area <50 ha of mine lease area in respect of non-coal mine lease comes under Category B1 and
shall be appraised as at State Level. In proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine, lease Area is 26.67 Ha
but general condition applied for the proposed project as inter-state boundary (Maharashtra-Madhya
Pradesh) is only 0.5 KM hence, this project is treated as Category A and shall be appraised at EAC
(Non-Mining), MoEFCC, New Delhi.
1.4 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT
1.4.1 Proposed Project
This is a newly proposed Mn mine. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267,
268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an area of
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-8
26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining.
1.4.2 Proposed Proponent
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar
Registered Office: Site Office:
R/o Plot no. 57, Flat no.
D/2 Kanchangeet Apartment, Shivaji Nagar,
Nagpur M.S.
Pin –440010
Mob No. 91 9371110101
Email- [email protected]
Khasrano.(251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267,
268, 269, 271, 272)
Village Kawatha
Tehsil - Saoner District - Nagpur Pin code – 441112
1.4.3 Details about Consultant Organisation
Anacon is an established Environmental Consultancy firm with basic infrastructural facilities and man
power. Anacon are rendering their services in this field to various industries since last 17 years.
Laboratory is empanelled with Maharashtra Pollution Control Board and MoEF, New Delhi for
carrying out environmental Studies. Anacon have carried out EIA studies for various projects in
different industrial sectors i.e. steel, power, distilleries, textile and pharmaceutical and prepared EIA
reports. The consultant organization has successfully carried out the monitoring work for different
environmental components viz. air, noise, water and wastewater, land, hazardous waste; land use
and land cover studies based on the satellite imageries for EIA of various industries. Network of
Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. spread over in six different states in Central India region with branches
at Raipur, Korba, Ranchi, Bhopal and Delhi.
About QCI-NABET Accreditation of Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur (ALPL)
Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur is an accredited A Category environmental consultancy
organisation under QCI-NABET scheme of accreditation in 14 (nos.) sectors including Mining
Projects as per QCI-NABET RA AC Minutes dated May 30, 2017 posted on QCI-NABET website.
The details about ALPL are provided in Chapter 12.
1.4.4 Need of the Project
Manganese is abundantly available in the area. It is needed as a mandatory material in many
industries. The occurrence of Manganese in the area is proved by the way of geological exploration
and its production has important role in the local infrastructure development. The proposed
Manganese mine will also marginally benefit the local people by way of direct and indirect
employment. State Government is also benefitted by the mining through royalty.
1.4.5 Demand – Supply Gap
India is the fifth largest producer of Manganese & stands second in world considering total reserves
of Manganese. Production of Manganese in India has gone down in last 4 years.
Following are some uses of Manganese;
1. Oxidizing agent in steel industry
2. Dry Battery as Depolarizer
3. Used in the manufacture of
a. Ferro Manganese (70-74% Mn.)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-9
b. Silico Manganese (60-65% Mn.)
c. Chrome Manganese (20- 25% Mn.)
4. Preparation of Organic and Inorganic Chemicals.
5. In Paints, Pigments, Ceramics and Ferrites.
6. As Micro-nutrients in Fertilizer and animal Feed.
Apart from these Mn is used in welding fluxes & as fuel additive.
Decreasing production and considering the need of Manganese in above mentioned industries, there
is need of more production of Manganese in India.
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDIES
In order to assess the environmental impacts due to the proposed manganese mine project through
EIA studies covering various environmental attributes and to suggest an effective Environment
Management Plan, Project Proponent retained the services of M/s Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd
(ALPL) Nagpur.
Reconnaissance of the study area was carried out and various sampling locations to monitor
environmental parameters were identified. Subsequently, environmental monitoring was carried out
for various environmental components like air, noise, water, land, biological and social aspects.
Certain aspects related with establishment of socio-economic profiles of people, land use pattern in
the study area etc. were carried out, based on the review of secondary data collected from various
government and semi-government organizations.
The ambient air quality monitoring network was set up following the guidelines specified by the CPCB
and the air monitoring locations were selected based on the predominant wind direction recorded in
the region by Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) Nagpur.
The primary environmental data was collected, analyzed and the results of the same were compared
with the environmental standards prescribed by CPCB (Annexure-IV).
This Environmental Impact Assessment report is based on collection of baseline data by field
monitoring of relevant environmental attributes during October 2017 to December 2017 (Post-
Monsoon - 2017)
1.6 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED IN EIA STUDY
Based on the reconnaissance and the following considerations, the sampling locations were
identified:
Predominant wind directions in the study area as recorded by India Meteorological Department
(IMD) at Nagpur;
Topography, location of surface water bodies like ponds, canals and rivers;
Location of villages/towns/sensitive areas; including biodiversity and social aspect of the study
area.
Accessibility, power availability and security of monitoring equipment, pollution pockets in the
area;
Areas which represent baseline conditions;
Collection, collation and analysis of baseline data for various environmental attributes;
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-10
Identification and quantification of impacts based on mathematical and scientific tools; and
suggestion of mitigation and management measures based on the best industry practices in-line
with regulatory norm.
Field studies were carried out to determine existing conditions of various environmental attributes as
outlined in Table 1.3.
TABLE 1.3
ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES AND FREQUENCY OF MONITORING
Sr.
No.
Environmental
Components Parameters Frequency
1. Air Environment
Meteorology Wind speed, wind direction,
temperature, relative humidity
and rainfall
Continuous with hourly recording through
setting up of automatic meteorological
station at site and data from Secondary
sources: i.e IMD station at Nagpur
Ambient Air Quality
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, & NH3,
Ozone, CO, VOCs Heavy metals
like Pb, As, Benzene and BaP
24 hourly samples twice in a week for three
months at 8 locations. CO monitored 8 hourly
samples in 24 hours.
2. Noise Environment
Noise levels in
dB(A) at various
locations
incorporating
Sensitive,
Residential,
Commercial and
Industrial areas in
the study region
Noise levels in dB (A) at 8
locations in study area.
Traffic density and frequency &
Noise levels
At every location data monitored hourly for 24
hours, covering day and night time once
during EIA study.
Traffic density and frequency with noise
levels during 24 hours (No. of vehicles plying
on road L,M & H)
3. Water Environment
Water quality Physical and Chemical
parameters for surface & ground
water quality at various locations.
Grab samples were collected once during
study period.
GW : 8 Locations & SW : 4 Locations
4. Land Environment
Soil quality Soil profile, characteristics, soil
type and texture, heavy metals,
NPK value, organic matter, CEC,
SAR &ionic content.
Once during study period within study area
8 Locations within study area
Landuse/Land cover
Satellite imagery (1:50,000 Scale)
collected from NRSC,
Hyderabad.
Level I, Level II & Level III
classification as per standard
Once in the study period
Primary Image analysis & GIS modeling
using GIS tools
Solid/Hazardous Waste
Classification of solid &
hazardous waste generated from
the process plant
Once in the study period
Hydrogeology Drainage pattern, nature of
streams, aquifer characteristics,
recharging capacity and ground
water potential
Hydrogeological data collected from
secondary sources as well as classification
made through satellite imagery
Geology Geological History, formation, etc. Based on data collected from the secondary
source
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-11
Sr.
No.
Environmental
Components Parameters Frequency
5. Biological Environment
Terrestrial & Aquatic Biological Quality
Terrestrial flora and fauna species
diversity
Aquatic ecological studies (Core
& Buffer Zone)
Through field visits and data collected
from the District Forest Authority
Through field visits and relevant sample
collections as per standard.
6. Socio-economic Environment
Primary data
collected related to
socio-economic and
opinion of the
people within the
study area
Floating questionnaires to seek
information from individuals
related to employment economic,
infrastructure facilities available ,
amenities and quality life within
the study area
Through primary survey once in study period
Secondary Data Collection
Demography (population)
population density, literacy rate,
housing, workers, non-workers
and categorization related to
castes (SC & ST). Amenities
(Facilities available for drinking
water, electricity, transportation,
communication, medical
education, roads, etc.)
Based on data collected from secondary
sources like abstracts of census of India 2001
& 2011
7. RA and DMP
Risk assessment
and Disaster
Management Plan
Identify the areas where disaster
can occur by fires and explosions
and release of toxic substances
emergency preparedness plan
with safety measures
As per requirement.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of study includes:
Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative locations in the study area
to establish the baseline environmental status;
Primary data collection for various environmental components
Collate and compile secondary data including socio-economic data from published literature /
government publications;
Identifying various existing pollution loads due to various activities;
Predicting incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed activities;
Evaluating the predicted impacts on various environmental attributes in the study area by using
scientifically developed and widely accepted environmental impact assessment methodologies;
To prepare an Environment Management Plan (EMP), outlining the measures for improving the
environmental quality in view of future environmentally sustainable development; and Identifying
critical environmental attributes that are required to be monitored in the post-project scenario.
The report represents Environmental Impact Assessment & Management Plan for the proposed
Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District,
Maharashtra.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 1: Introduction 1-12
As per the requirements stated in the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification 2006 and its
subsequent amendments, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study has been undertaken to
assess the environmental impacts arise out from the proposed manganese mine project and
accordingly developed a site specific environmental management plan and risk mitigation measures
incorporated in the report. Baseline environmental studies have been conducted during the Post
Monsoon Season (October 2017 to December 2017) as per the standard ToR issued by EAC
(Non-Mining), MoEF&CC, New Delhi. The detailed conditions in terms of reference with
corresponding compliances are mentioned in beginning of the chapter scheme.
CHAPTER-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-1
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT
This is a proposed project of Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease Area 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra and lessee is Smt. Rachana A. Belorkar
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
Minerals are the main source of industrialization and play an important role in the present phase of
the national economy and overall development of the nation. Manganese ore is of vital importance in
industrial economy as manganese is an essential constituent of steel and there is no satisfactory
substitute for making of steel in which it is present from 0.5% to 0.75%. Mn ore also use in dry cell
batteries, driers for paints and varnishes, as a coloring agent in ceramics and for production of
permanganate and other chemicals. Mineral resources of any country are the “TREASURE-TROVE”
of its national economy.
Manganese is abundantly available in the area. It is needed as a mandatory material in many
industries. The occurrence of Manganese in the area is proved by the way of geological exploration
and its production has important role in the local infrastructure development. The proposed
Manganese mine will also marginally benefit the local people by way of direct and indirect
employment. State Government is also benefitted by the mining through royalty.
The Planning Commission has estimated steel production at 125.9 million tonnes by 2016- 17 at the
end of XII Five year plan and 200 million tonnes by 2020. Based on estimated steel production as
well as demand from other metallurgical uses and non-metallurgical uses the demand for manganese
ore by 2016-17 have been estimated at 6.88 million tonnes and 8.04 million tonnes by 2020.
2.3 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT
2.3.1 Land Details
Mining lease area of project is 26.67 Ha which spreads in Kh No. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 27, 268,
269, 271, 272 in Kawatha Village, Tehsil Saoner, District Nagpur, Maharashtra. No notified forest
area falls within the Mine Lease area. The details are as under.
Sr. No. Kh. No. Area in Ha. Type of Land Ownership
1 251, 253, 254, 255, 259,
267, 268, 269, 271, 272
26.67 Pvt. land Private barren land lying in disuse
condition Source: Approved Scheme of Mining & Progressive Mine Closure Plan
TABLE 2.1
PRESENT LAND USE PATTERN
SL. NO. DESCRIPTION AREA IN Ha
1 Area under Pits 0.040
2 Area under Dumps Nil
3 Area under storage of ore Nil
4 Area under soil Nil
5 Area under Plantation Nil
6 Area under Hutment / Office etc. Nil
7 Area under Mine Roads Nil
8 Area under crusher unit Nil
Total 0.040
Source: Approved Scheme of Mining & Progressive Mine Closure Plan
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-2
2.3.2 Water Requirement
Total water requirement is 15 KLD, which will be met from nearby water supplier. Water for drinking
purposes will be supplied from nearby water supplier.
TABLE 2.2
WATER REQUIREMENT (UNIT IN KLD)
S. No. Particulars Proposed Source
1 Dust Suppression 08.00
Nearby water
supplier
2 Green Belt 06.00
3 Drinking & Sanitation 01.00
Total 15.00
2.3.2.1 Water Requirement & Usage
Fig. 2.1 Water Balance Diagram
2.3.3 Man Power Requirement
In proposed Kawatha manual opencast project, approx. 20-30 nos. of skilled, semiskilled and
unskilled manpower will be required which will include operational and maintenance manpower for
the mine operations, Technical/Civil/personnel supports. Preference will be given to the local people
as per their eligibility.
The list of Manpower for proposed mine are shown in Table 2.3.
TABLE 2.3
MANPOWER REQUIREMENT
Sr. No Particulars No
1 Qualified Mine Manager 1
2 Part time Mining Engineer 1
3 Part time Geologist 1
4 Store Clerk cum Time keeper 1
5 Supervisor 1
6 Tipper Operator 1
Total Water Requirement
15.00 KLD
Water Supplier Mine Water
Dust
Suppression
08 KLD
Green Belt
6.0 KLD Drinking &
Sanitation
1.00 KLD
Settling Tank
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-3
Sr. No Particulars No
7 Jack Hammer Driller 2
8 Compressor Operator 1
Sub-total 09
Skilled/Semiskilled/Unskilled Labours 14
Grand Total 23
2.3.4 Power Requirement
The electric power requirement for mine facilities i.e. site office and lighting purpose will be received
from Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL) which will be about 20
KW. Grid or power requirement will meet through DG set having capacity 40 KVA.
2.3.5 Extent of Mechanization
The sequence of unit operations in open cast manual mining consists of removal of soil and waste
material i.e. overburden and dumping at suitable site, fragmentation of mineral from in-situ formation,
excavation, sizing and sorting, loading and hauling and some other miscellaneous work. All these
operations will be carried out by manual means. The list of machines used is as follows:
TABLE 2.4
LIST OF MACHINERY Sr. No. Particulars Quantity
1. Tippers 1 No.
2. Compressor 1 No. 350 cfm
3. Water Sprinkler 1 No.
4. Jack Hammer 2 Nos. (1 + 1 Spare)
2.3.6 Project Cost
The total project cost of Rs. 302.02 Lakhs involve compensatory budget of Rs. 296.70 Lakhs for
private land owners in Mine Lease area (Details are given in section 7.5 chp.7) & other expenses as
given below.
S.
No
.
Particulars No. Dia of hole
In mm Size/ capacity Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
1. Land (26.67 ha) ---- ---- ----- 296.70
2. Machinery (On Hire Basis)
a) Compressor 1
350 cfm
Hire Basis b) Jackhammer 2
33mmdia
c) Dumper/Tippers 1 15tonne
d) Water Sprinkler 1
3. Infrastructure 5.00
4. Settling Tank 0.50
Total Cost 302.2
2.4 GEOLOGY OF THE AREA
Manganese deposit of Kawatha area is of sedimentary metamorphosed deposit associated with the
Gondite series of rocks. These deposits of manganese minerals are formed by the intense alteration
by heat and pressure from the pre-existing manages bearing source rocks.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-4
Geologically the area is represented by Pre-Cambrian suits of meta sedimentary rocks of Sausar
group of Bichua stage consisting of dolomitic marble and calcsilicate rocks. Manganese is mostly
exposed on the surface as outcrops and in some part hidden with soil cover.
The Manganese deposits of this area are syngenetic Meta sedimentary type. The deposition is in the
form of alternating layers of chert and manganese ore occurring as small detached lences and also
stratified in nature. These stratified deposits occur in three different stratigraphic positions in
„Saunsar Series‟.
Age Group Formations Lithounites
Recent
Alluvium Unconformity
Cretaceous to
Palaeogene
Sahyadri Group Deccan Trap Distinct flows of Basaltic Rocks
Proterozoic
Sausar Group
Intrusives Pegmatite & Vein Quartz
Bichua Formation Dolomite marble, calc silicate rocks, bio-mus-
schist, sillimanite bearing quartz-bio-
granulites
Junewani Formation Metapelite (mica schist), quartzite, granulite,
biotite gneiss (re-worked basement)
Chorbaoli Formation Garnet-staurolite-quartz-muscovite schist.
Micaceous & cherty quartzite locally with
garnet & magnetite.
Mansar Formation Manganese ore I & gondite musco-schist,
musbio-schist with sillimanite. Manganese
ore II, schist. Manganese ore III with
gondites.
Lohangi Formation Dolomite marbles with lenses of Manganese
ore, calc-silicate rocks, calc-granulites,
quartz- bio-granulites & gneisses.
Sitasaongi Formation Quartz mica schist, Felspathic schist, Mica
gneiss, Quartzite, Conglomerate
Archaean Tirodi biotite gneiss Disconformity.
Biotite gneiss, migmatite, tonalite gneiss,
cordierite gneiss, amphibolites etc.
It has been shown that the juxtaposition of manganese silicate rocks with dolomitic marble, regional
metamorphism to almandine-amphibolite facies and assimilation of pegmatite veins cutting across
the manganese formation, were responsible for the development of these manganese silicate rocks
and the unusual chemical composition of some of the constituent minerals. It has been concluded
that the manganese silicate rocks in the study area were originally laid down as sediments
comprising manganese oxides admixed with clay, silica etc. and were later regionally
metamorphosed to almandine-amphibolite facies.
2.4.1 Surface Plan of the Lease Area
Surface plan of the lease area has been prepared on a scale of 1:2,000 with contour interval of 2 m
showing all existing surface features with locations of exiting trial pits and boreholes drilled etc.
2.4.2 Geological Plan of the Lese area
Surface Geological Plan of the lease area is prepared showing geology of the area and all existing
surface features with locations of proposed boreholes
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-5
FIGURE 2.2: SURFACE PLAN
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-6
FIGURE 2.3: GEOLOGICAL PLAN
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-7
2.5 PHYSIOGRAPHY
10 km study area shows mixed topography i.e. some part of study area is covered by flat agricultural
land & some portion shows hilly terrain with forest cover. The topography of the Mine site area is
undulating. Hilly terrains are encountered in N, NE to E, W & WWS direction of the mine lease area.
The overall slope is towards South & South East direction. The different in elevation within the lease
area is about 48m. Mine lease area comprises of undulated terrain and the elevation of the mine
lease area varies from 390 m MSL in the north to 342 m MSL in the south side.
Description of the project site:
This is a proposed Manganese Mineral mine having a mining lease of 26.67 Ha. located in Khasra
no.251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272 of Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur
District, Maharashtra & is a Category „A‟ project as per EIA Notification 2006. The lease area falls
under Survey of India Topo-sheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21°
29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E. This is a proposed manganese
mine project. The project has applied for Environmental Clearance as per EIA notification dated 14th
September 2006 and its amendments.
2.6 DETAILS OF MINING
Existing Minerals & Mines in the area:
Director, Directorate of Geology & Mining, Govt. of Maharashtra, Nagpur has issued a notification
(MLV/MISC/270/2006/3682) dated 9th November 2006 notifying areas in Maharashtra for mining of
several minerals. The proposed mining area falling in Saoner Tehsil is surrounded mainly by
manganese deposits viz., Warpani, Surewani, Bichawa etc. Other than manganese, Dolomite mining
is being done in the closet of the proposed mine area.
2.6.1 Prospecting and Exploration carried out in the area:
Based on the explorations collected from geological mapping and knowledge of similar Manganese
deposit. Some pits were made on the basis of which occurrence of Manganese is proved upto a
depth of 4m. In all 8 trial pits were dug with a depth of around 4m. The details of prospecting carried
out in the mine lease area.
TABLE 2.5
DETAILS OF PROSPECTING & EXPLORATION IN MINE LEASE AREA (P-Pit, T-Trench)
Sr. No Trial Pits Dimension in mtrs
Length Breadth Depth
1 P1 4.50 4.00 3.00
2 P2 3.00 2.80 2.40
3 P3 3.50 3.20 2.50
4 P4 5.20 4.40 4.00
5 P5 3.50 3.00 2.50
6 P6 5.00 4.80 3.60
7 P7 3.00 3.00 1.20
8 P8 3.00 2.50 1.20
9 T-1 20.00 1.20 2.50
10 T-2 18.00 1.20 2.80
11 T-3 24.00 1.20 2.00
The mineable reserve under Proved category is calculated to be about 6400 tonne and production of
Ore will be 2732 TPA (Detailed exploration is proposed in Mine lease area to enhance the Reserve
quantity). The current Mining Plan is only for 5 years handling only 1.5 Ha area out of total mining
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-8
lease area of 26.67 Ha. Detailed exploration will be done in remaining unbroken area. The mined out
area will be backfilled and plantation will be carried out on reclaimed area after winning all possible
minerals. Life of mine on the basis of proved reserve and proposed production capacity of
Manganese mineral are given below:
Total Mineral Reserves = 6400 tonne
Life of the mine @ 2732 TPA (For Manganese) = 5 Years
(During the period of mine plan further exploration is proposed in Mine lease area to enhance the
Reserve quantity)
2.6.2 Proposed Exploration
This is a new area for grant of mining lease and though the area had been prospected by trial pits,
trenches and drilling but detailed prospecting operations are required for assessment of reserves and
future planning. It is to drill 7 bore holes at 100 m x 100 m grid to a depth of 30 meters during the
period of mine plan for further proving of Mn ore to have clear subsurface geology of deposit/ore body
which is inclined.
2.6.3 Geological Reserves
The Mn ore is encountered in all the pits along the trend/strike direction of ore body. Four geological
cross sections passing from the pits, bore holes and float ore deposit and one longitudinal section
along the strike direction have been prepared. The reserves as calculated and approved by IBM as
per mining plan
Classification Quantity in Tonnes Grade %
Mn Fe SiO2 P
Total Mineral Resources (A+B)
A. Mineral Reserve
1. Proved Reserves
2. Probable Mineral Reserve Reserve
3. Measured mineral Resource
4. Indicated mineral resource
5. Inferred mineral resource
6. Reconnaissance mineral resource
6,400
4,864
1,536
868
21.42 to 32.88
5.67 to 8.09
13.40 to 26.31
0.136 to 0.440
The estimated reserves of Manganese in different categories for which this mining plan has been
prepared quantify for UNFC code as under:
Proved Mineral Reserves Under UNFC Code 111 4,864 tonnes
Probable Mineral Reserves Under UNFC code 121 1,536 tonnes
Inferred Mineral Resource Under UNFC Code 333 868 tonnes
2.6.4 Mineable Reserves & Anticipated Life of Mine as per approved Scheme of Mining
Mineable recoverable reserves are the same which has been estimated above as the mineral ore
body has enough space for development to produce in situ deposit to the estimated depth and most
of ore will be recovered as float ore.
As per estimation of reserves the total reserves including proved mineral reserves under UNFC Code
111are 4,864 and Probable Mineral resources under UNFC Code 121 are 1,536 tonnes. Thus, total
mineable reserves under proved and probable categories are 6,400 tonnes.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-9
With the proposed rate of early average production of about 1,300 tonnes and considering the
present reserves as estimated the life of the mine will be 6,400/1,300 = 4.92 say 5 years.
After proving the additional reserves by carrying out the proposed exploration during the plan period
by drilling and developing the mine if additional reserves persists at depth and in bore holes the life of
the mine will be increased accordingly.
These minerals resource and reserves has been approved by IBM vide letter no. NGP/MN/MPW-
1173/NGO – 2016 dt. 03.08.2016 and accordingly the same reserves are retained and no further
recalculation at this stage.
The Mine activity in the area will be initiated only after getting environmental clearance and will be
performed as per mine plan, and along with adequate control measures to minimize environmental
damage. Life of mine on the basis of proved reserve and proposed production capacity of
Manganese mineral are given in following table:
Total Mineable Reserves (Proved Category) = 6400 tonne
Total Mined out Reserves Nil
Net Mineable Reserves Available = 6400 tonne
Life of the mine @2732TPA
(By further exploration the life of mine will be expanded)
~ 5 Years
Mining will be commenced after receiving all statutory clearances from the concerned regulatory
authorities. Life of the mine is estimated as about 4.92 i.e. ~5years.
2.6.5 Use of Mineral and mineral reject
The grade the Mn ore of this mine is suitable for use in making ferro alloys, silico manganese and
other manganese industries. There are several industries such as Universal Ferro Alloys, Tumsar;
M/s. Khandelwal Ferro alloys, Kanhan; Bhilai Steel Plant, Bhilai and ferro alloys plants in Nagpur and
other Chhattisgarh state are located around the areas, these consumer industries have always in
demand for manganese ore.
2.6.6 Mining Details
Mining will be carried out by opencast manual mining method, utilizing heavy earth moving machinery
and with deep hole drilling and blasting with proper benching to exploit the available manganese
reserves.
TABLE 2.6
MINING DETAILS
S. No. Particulars Details
1. Method of mining Manual Open Cast Mining
2. Area 26.67 ha
3. Proved Reserve 4864 Tonnes
4. Life of the Mine ~5 years
5. Stripping Ratio 1:6
6. Bench Height and Width Ht. 1.5 m and Width 1.5 m
8. Maximum Depth of Mining 4 mbgl
9. Minable Reserve 6400 Tonnes
10. Available Reserve For Mining 6400 Tonnes
11. Topsoil thickness 0.5m
12. Ultimate Pit Slope angle 450
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-10
13. Elevation Range Highest elevation:390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
14. Water requirement 15 KLD
15. Source of Water Nearby Water Supplier
16. Water table Near the Mine Lease area: Water levels in pre & post monsoon
are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively.
In Study Area: Depth of water level during pre & post monsoon
season in study area due south to the ML area is: 5-10 mtsbgl 4-8
mtsbgl respectively.
17. Commencement of Mining After the grant of EC
18. Manganese (T)
Waste Rock/ Reject (T)
Top Soil (T)
6,400 Tonnes
11572.82 Tonnes
3065.52 Tonnes
19. Number of working days 250
20. Number of shifts per day 1
2.7 METHOD OF MINING
2.7.1 Present method of mining
The method of mining is manual opencast. The bench height will be 1.5 m and width of the benches
is 1.5 M. The proposed working by putting 34 mm dia DTH holes by Drilling short holes for blasting
will be having diameter of 34 mm and depth of 1.20 m. The blasting will be carried out by using
proper explosives. Controlled and occasional blasting will be carried out and will be
procured/purchase from approved explosives vendor.
MINING METHODOLOGY PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
The following machinery deployment has been proposed. The production of kawatha-manganese.
The deployment of machinery is commensurate to the production target proposed.
TABLE 2.7
DETAILS OF EQUIPMENTS
DRILLING AFTER REMOVAL OF TOP SOIL
BLASTING
MANUAL LOADING
TRANSPORTATION
BY TRUCKS/DUMPERS
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-11
Sr. No. Equipment No. Size/ capacity
1. Compressor 1 350 cfm
2. Jackhammer 2 33 mm dia.
3. Dumper/Tippers 1 15 tonne
4. Water Sprinkler 1
Blasting Pattern/Parameters
Dia. of hole :- 34 mm
Spacing :- 0.9 to 1.2 m
Depth of hole :- 0.9 to 1.2 m
Yield per hole : 1 M3
Charge per hole : 300 to 400 gms
Explosive material to be used : Slurry explosives with ANFO
Storage of explosive : On the specified day of blasting explosives will be brought and
consumed the same day
Powder factor :- 7 to 8 tonnes/ kg
Blasting will be carried out under the supervision of qualified and certified blaster.
TABLE 2.8
PROPOSED PRODUCTION
Year
ending
March
Float ore
Production(0.80m) in
tonnes
In-situ ore Production on
tonnes Total Production in tonnes
I 440 307 747
II 500 403 903
III 500 500 1,000
IV 500 500 1,000
V 620 2,112 2,732
Total 2560 3,822 6,382
Source: Approved Scheme of Mining & Progressive Mine Closure Plan
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-12
FIGURE 2.4: DEVELOPMENT & PRODUCTION PLAN
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-13
2.8 WASTE GENERATION & DISPOSAL
2.8.1 Nature of Waste
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3M OB and will be removed while reclamation. A
total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will be generated
during the plan period. The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper terracing in the
retreating fashion and after attaining the propsed height, plantation would be carried out. The angle
of repose of these dumps will not be more than 450. Garland drain and retaining wall will be
constructed during the plan period. Slope stability investigations would be carried out in the
conceptual period to avoid land slide and develop the mine accordingly so that there will not be any
accidental hazard. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation of
un-sealable ore. The generation of waste material will be about 80% of total excavation which will be
dumped in the non-mineralized part near the working pits. The surrounding area is agricultural land
the mining pit would be developed as a reservoir before final closure of mine. During exploitation of
Mn ore only physical mineral rejects/fines would be generated to the tune of about 20% of total ROM,
which can be considered as a waste material. (ROM by mining of In-Situ ore is 4778 MT for 5 years
i.e. 955.6 Tones per year)
The proposed yearly generation of these wastes is mentioned below:
Year of Ending March Waste from ore zone in MT@ 20%
I 77
II 101
III 125
IV 125
V 528
Total 956
The mineral waste will be dumped on one side of the area earmarked for ore stacking yard in the
non-mineralized area.
The waste will be loaded in to tippers by labors and same will be dumped at designated dumping
place, the dumps height will be maximum 2-3 meter, after dumping and stabilization plantation will be
done on inactive site of dump. The soil will be temporarily stacked within the mine lease area and will
be used for spreading on the safety barrier for plantation.
Details of Dumps
Sr.
no.
Parameters Waste Dump 1 Waste Dump 2
1 Location Near Border Pillar no. 2
(78° 53' 59.593" E
21° 29' 34.649" N)
Near Border Pillar no. 6
(78° 53' 57.515" E
21° 29' 38.492" N)
2 Height 2-3 meter 2-3 meter
3 Area(Total)
0.3600 Hectares
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-14
4 Quantity(Total) 11572.82 Tones
2.9 CONCEPTUAL MINING PLAN
This is a new proposed Manganese Mine. Mining activities with manual opencast method of mining
will be conducted in ML area for excavating Manganese. Plantation with suitable native species will
be taken up along the roads & on vacant unused land within mining lease area progressively with
mine operation till mine closure. At the end of plan period about 1.2704 Ha. Say 1.50 Ha. Area would
be covered under mining pits, dumping of waste, road, plantation and other ancillary operations
relating to mining including the area broken by pits in the past and area covered under old dumps.
The total ML area is 26.67 Ha and at the end of plan period of first five years total 25.3995 Ha. Area
will be unbroken.
Maximum Total Excavation in Tone
Soil Mineral Waste
3065.52 6400 11572.82
2.9.1 Land Use Pattern (In Ha)
TABLE 2.9
LAND USE PATTERN (IN HA.)
Sl.
No. Description
Present Land Use
Area in Ha
Conceptual Land Use/At The End Of
Life of Mine (Area in Ha)
1 Area under Pits 0.040( Mined by local
people) 0.2544
2 Dumping of top soil Nil 0.0510
3 Area under reject Dumps Nil 0.3600
4 Storage of Mineralized rejects Nil 0.0400
5 Storage of Ore Nil 0.1000
6 Shed/Building Nil 0.0200
7 Road Nil 0.1600
8 Plantation Nil 0.2850
9 Area Undisturbed 26.63 25.3995
Total 26.67 26.67
2.9.2 Ultimate Pit limit and depth
The ultimate pit limit will be 4 m from the lease boundary and The UPL depth will be 352 mRL in the
northern ore body and 349 mRL in the southeastern ore body. The pit slope will be maintained at 45O.
However the 7.5 m distance (safety zone) from the lease boundary will be maintained.
2.9.3 Back filling, Reclamation and Rehabilitation (Up to end of lease)
The mining is likely to be continued up to a depth of mineralization. In case the depth persistence is
not proved by drilling and the grade is not suitable, the excavation will be matured for backfilling
reclamation. The volume of waste generated shall be dumped at non-mineralized designated area
and will be used for back filling. It will fill up the central part of pit which will be surrounded by created
water body. The water reservoir will be used for villagers for irrigation /drinking water. This will also be
useful for Rainwater harvesting which will raise the water table.
2.10 SITE INFRASTRUCTURE
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-15
The available infrastructure is in the form of mines office, rest shelter, Transformer and machinery.
The haul road, the road from mining to connecting NH will be developed. The first aid center, water
drinking point etc. will be developed outside mine lease area.
FIGURE 2.5: CONCEPTUAL PLAN
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-16
Figure 2.6 Section of Geological plan
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-17
Figure 2.7 Sections of Development & Production Plan
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 2- Project Description 2-18
Figure 2.8 Section of Conceptual Plan
CHAPTER-3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-1
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter of the report provides an overview of the environmental baseline conditions within the
study area of 10 km radius. An environmental baseline monitoring was carried out as a part of EIA
studies for proposed manganese mine during Post monsoon season (October-December 2017)
along with secondary data.
3.1.1 Baseline Data Collection
The methodology adopted for carrying out baseline environmental monitoring was as per the
guidelines given in the EIA Manual of MoEF&CC. Baseline data in the study area was collected by
conducting field study/primary sampling during the study period with respect to the different
environmental attributes as given below:
Primary data collection
Primary data collection includes:
Ambient air quality
Noise levels
Groundwater / surface water quality
Soil quality
Landuse pattern
Flora and Fauna
Socio economic status
Primary data was collected by monitoring various environmental components in the core as well as
buffer zone during the Post monsoon season (October-December 2017); details are given in Table
3.1.1
TABLE 3.1.1
PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION
S. No. Description
1.
Air Environment Meteorology Meteorological parameters on hourly basis at project site. Parameters: Temperature, Relative humidity, Wind Speed & Wind Direction. Ambient air quality monitoring (24 hourly), twice a week. Parameters: PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, NH3, Ozone, CO, VOCs, Heavy metals No. of Locations: 8 locations within 10 km radius of study area
2.
Noise Environment Noise level monitoring (day & night time), once in a season. No. of Locations: locations within 10 km radius of study area
3.
Water Environment Surface and Ground water sampling, once in a monitoring period No. of Locations: 8 locations within 10 km radius of study area (Groundwater), 4 locations (Surface water). Tested for physical chemical and demand parameters.
4. Land Environment Soil sampling, once in a season. No. of Locations: 8 locations within 10 km radius of study area
5. Biological Environment Biodiversity survey, once in a season. Location: Core and buffer zone.
6. Socio-economic Environment Socio-economic survey, once in a season. Location: Within 10 km radius of study area
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-2
Secondary data collection
This includes review of secondary published information on:
Socio-economic conditions, demographic structure and infrastructure resource base etc.
Sensitive areas such as biosphere reserve, forests, sanctuaries, places of historical,
Archaeological tourist importance, etc.
Primary data collection through socio-economic survey (Infrastructural Facilities and opinion of
the people)
Use of Climatological Normals Book for meteorology
3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The baseline status for air environment includes reconnaissance, identification and selection of
specific significant air pollutants due to the proposed project activity and measuring their existing
levels prior to the implementation of the project. The data required to assess the ambient status was
collected, analyzed and evaluated through a well-designed ambient air quality monitoring (AAQM)
network.
3.2.1 Meteorology
The meteorological data recorded during the study period was very useful for selection of sampling
locations as per upwind and downwind directions for proper on-site monitoring to be undertaken for
various meteorological variables in order to generate the site specific data. Data was collected for
proposed project site on hourly basis continuously for Post monsoon season (October-December
2017). The generated data was then compared with the meteorological data collected by nearest
India Meteorological Department (IMD) station located at Nagpur.
Temperature
The winter season starts from December and continues till the end of February. December is the
coldest month with the minimum temperature at 12.90C. The temperature starts increasing rapidly
during the onset of pre-monsoon season from March to May. During pre-monsoon season, the
maximum temperature was observed 42.70C and the minimum temperature is 19.70C. The maximum
temperature in the monsoon season was observed to be 38.00C, whereas the minimum temperature
was observed 23.20C. In the post-monsoon, day temperature decreases slightly with the maximum
temperature 32.90C. The monthly variations in temperature are presented in Table 3.2.1.
Relative Humidity
The relative humidity was observed around 19% to 41% during pre-monsoon period. In monsoon
period the relative humidity ranged between 49% to 85%. During the post-monsoon season, the
humidity was observed between 51% to 71% and in winter season, the humidity was observed to be
31% to 67%. The variations in relative humidity are presented in Table 3.2.1.
Rainfall
The annual rainfall based on the IMD data was recorded as 1100.30 mm. The monsoon generally
sets in during the second week of June. The rainfall gradually decreased after September. The
maximum number of rainy days was observed in the month of July. Annual and monthly variations in
rainfall are presented in Table 3.2.1
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-3
TABLE 3.2.1
CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA FOR IMD, NAGPUR (1981 - 2010)
Month Temperature (⁰c) Humidity (%)
Monthly Rainfall (mm) Max Min 08:30 hr 17:30 hr
January 29.0 13.4 67 42 21.6
February 31.8 15.6 54 31 15.6
March 36.4 19.7 41 24 21.7
April 40.7 24.1 33 19 9.2
May 42.7 27.8 35 22 21.2
June 38.0 26.5 61 49 168.8
July 31.8 24.3 82 72 313.7
August 30.7 23.8 85 76 267.0
September 32.3 23.2 81 71 170.2
October 32.9 20.0 71 58 64.0
November 30.9 15.8 65 51 16.0
December 28.9 12.9 66 47 11.3
RANGE 12.9-42.7 19-85 1100.30
Source: From climatological normals book of 1981-2010
Meteorological condition at site
The weather monitoring station was installed at the site to record temperature, wind speed, wind
direction, relative humidity and Rainfall. The hourly minimum, maximum values monitored during
Post-monsoon are presented in Table 3.2.2.
TABLE 3.2.2
SUMMARY OF METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AT SITE
Month Temperature (
0C) Relative Humidity (%)
Rainfall (mm) Min Max Min Max
Oct 2017 22 34 30 94 64.3
Nov 2017 19 31 21 76 1.0
Dec 2017 16 30 18 60 0.0
Range 16-34 18-94 Total=65.3
Wind speed/ directions
The meteorological data with respect to wind speed and direction was collected and presented in the
form of wind roses during study period (Post-monsoon) and shown in Figure 3.2.1 and the summary
of site specific wind pattern is presented in Table 3.2.3.
TABLE 3.2.3
SUMMARY OF SITE SPECIFIC PREDOMINANT WIND PATTERN
Details Wind Direction
First Predominant Wind Direction NE (23%)
Second Predominant Wind Direction ENE (20%)
Calm conditions (%) 0.25
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-4
FIGURE 3.2.1: SITE SPECIFIC WINDROSE (OCT-DEC 2017)
3.2.2 Baseline Status
The ambient air quality monitoring with respect to parameters of significance was carried out during
post monsoon season. The major sources of air pollution in the region are Industrial operations,
domestic activities, traffic density and rural conditions. The prime objective was to assess the existing
air quality of the area.
Methodology for air quality monitoring
Selection of monitoring locations
The baseline status of the ambient air quality was assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air
quality monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was
based on the following considerations:
Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale
Topography of the study area
Representatives of regional background
Population and sensitive areas
Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in downwind direction
Ambient air monitoring was carried out at 08 locations. The details about monitoring locations are
depicted in Figure 3.2.2 and presented in Table 3.2.4. The locations were identified keeping in view
predominant wind directions prevailing during study period, sensitive receptors and human
settlements. The levels of PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Carbon
monoxide (CO), Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), were monitored for establishing the baseline
status. For determination of PM10, air is drawn through a size-selective inlet and through a 20.3 X
25.4 cm (8 X 10 in) filter at a flow rate, which is typically 1132 L/min. Particles with aerodynamic
diameter less than the cut-point of the inlet are collected, by the filter. The mass of these particles is
determined by the difference in filter weights prior to and after sampling. The concentration of PM10 in
the designated size range is calculated by dividing the weight gain of the filter by the volume of air
sampled.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-5
For determination of PM2.5, An electrically powered air sampler draws ambient air at a constant
volumetric flow rate (16.7 lpm) maintained by a mass flow / volumetric flow controller coupled to a
microprocessor into specially designed inertial particle-size separator (i.e. cyclones or impactors)
where the suspended particulate matter in the PM2.5 size ranges is separated for collection on a 47
mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter over a specified sampling period. Each filter is weighed
before and after sample collection to determine the net gain due to the particulate matter. The mass
concentration in the ambient air is computed as the total mass of collected particles in the PM2.5 size
ranges divided by the actual volume of air sampled, and is expressed in µg/m3. The microprocessor
reads averages and stores five-minute averages of ambient temperature, ambient pressure, filter
temperature and volumetric flow rate. In addition, the microprocessor calculates the average
temperatures and pressure, total volumetric flow for the entire sample run time and the coefficient of
variation of the flow rate.
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from air is absorbed in a solution of potassium tetrachloro-mercurate (TCM).
A dichlorosulphitomercurate complex, which resists oxidation by the oxygen in the air, is formed.
Once formed, this complex is stable to strong oxidants such as ozone and oxides of nitrogen and
therefore, the absorber solution may be stored for some time prior to analysis. The complex is made
to react with para-rosaniline and formaldehyde to form the intensely coloured pararosaniline
methylsulphonic acid. The absorbance of the solution is measured by means of a suitable
spectrophotometer.
Ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is collected by bubbling air through a solution of sodium hydroxide
and sodium arsenite. The concentration of nitrite ion (NO2) produced during sampling is determined
colorimetrically by reacting the nitrite ion with phosphoric acid, sulfanilamide, and N-(1-naphthyl)-
ethylenediamine di-hydrochloride (NEDA) and measuring the absorbance of the highly coloured azo-
dye at 540 n m.
For determination of Ozone Micro-amounts of ozone and the oxidants liberate iodine when absorbed
in a 1% solution of potassium iodine buffered at pH 6.8 + 0.2. The iodine is determined
spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorption of tri-iodide ion at 352 nm.
The stoichiometry is approximated by the following reaction: O3 + 3 KI + H2O --> KI3 + 2 KOH + O2
Ammonia in the atmosphere is collected by bubbling a measured volume of air through a dilute
solution of sulphuric acid to form ammonium sulphate. The ammonium sulphate formed in the sample
is analyzed colorimetrically by reaction with phenol and alkaline sodium hypochlorite to produce
indophenol, a blue dye. The reaction is accelerated by the addition of sodium nitroprusside as
catalyst.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-6
TABLE 3.2.4
DETAILS OF AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS
FIGURE 3.2.2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS
Sr. No. Station
Code Location
Distance (Km)/
Direction w.r.t.
Project Site
Latitude
(North)
Longitude
(East) Justification
1 AAQ1 Dudhala
Khurd 1.4/WNW 21°30'1.35"N 78°53'13.57"E
Nearest
Residence
2 AAQ2 Malegaon 4.0/NE 21°31'6.98"N 78°55'52.84"E Upwind
3 AAQ3 Kelod 4.6/SSW 21°27'37.20"N 78°52'38.49"E Downwind
4 AAQ4 Birgaon 7.7/WSW 21°28'23.24"N 78°49'51.54"E Downwind
5 AAQ5 Kawatha 2.2/S 21°28'30.96"N 78°54'14.71"E Cross
Downwind
6 AAQ6 Saonga 3.4/NNW 21°31'26.18"N 78°53'4.79"E Cross Upwind
7 AAQ7 Satnui 5.7/WNW 21°30'45.43"N 78°50'53.53"E Crosswind
8 AAQ8 Kharduka 4.1/E 21°29'26.58"N 78°56'25.50"E Crosswind
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-7
Methodology of ambient air quality monitoring
S.No. PARAMETER TEST METHOD UNIT LIMITS AS PER CPCB
Guideline
1. Particulate Matter (PM10) IS: 5182: Part-23 -2006 µg /m3 100 (24 hrs)
2. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) CPCB NAAQM , Regulations, 2009
µg /m3 60 (24 hrs)
3. Sulphur dioxide (as SO2) IS: 5182: (Part-2)2001 µg /m3 80 (24 hrs)
4. Nitrogen dioxide (as NO2) IS: 5182: (Part-6)2006 µg /m3 80 (24 hrs)
5 Carbon Monoxide (as CO) IS: 5182 (Part 10): 1999 mg /m3 2.0 (8 hrs)
6. Ammonia (as NH3) CPCB NAAQM , Regulations, 2009
µg /m3 400 (24 hrs)
7. Ozone (as O3) IS: 5182 (Part 9): 1974 µg /m3 100 (24hrs)
8. Benzene (as C6H6) IS: 5182 (Part 11):2006 µg /m3 05 (Annual)
9. Benzopyrene (as BaP) IS: 5182 (Part 12): 2004 ng /m3 01 (Annual)
10. Lead (as Pb) CPCB NAAQM , Regulations, 2009
µg /m3 01 (24 hrs)
11. Arsenic (as As) ng /m3 06 (Annual)
12. Nikel ( as Ni) ng /m3 20 (Annual)
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring was carried out on 24 hourly basis for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2. All
other parameters as mentioned in the above table were monitored at site and analyzed as per
analytical methods given above. 8 hourly samples were collected for carbon monoxide.
Presentation of primary data
Various statistical parameters like 98th percentile, average, maximum and minimum values were
computed from the observed raw data for all the AAQ monitoring stations. The results of monitoring
carried out are presented in Annexure V (a). The summary of these results are given in Tables 3.2.5.
These levels were compared with the prevailing environmental quality standards prescribed by
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Residential, Rural and other area.
TABLE 3.2.5
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS
Sr. No.
Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Ozone NH3
µg/m3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 mg/m
3 μg/m
3 μg/m
3
1. Dudhala Khurd
Min 41.3 13.2 5.5 8.1 0.105 5.6 6.1
Max 54.6 18.5 9.1 11.8 0.120 8.4 9.8
Avg 46.3 15.4 7.1 9.7 0.111 6.9 8.1
98 th 53.9 18.4 9.0 11.6 0.119 8.3 9.6
2. Malegaon
Min 54.7 16.8 6.2 8.2 0.120 5.8 6.2
Max 64.8 21.8 10.9 11.9 0.142 8.7 9.9
Avg 59.6 19.1 8.6 9.8 0.132 7.2 8.1
98 th 64.3 21.8 10.8 11.8 0.141 8.6 9.8
3. Kelod
Min 53.2 17.1 6.3 10.1 0.135 6.4 6.4
Max 69.1 23.9 11.9 15.6 0.154 9.6 9.8
Avg 61.5 20.0 8.7 12.1 0.143 7.8 8.1
98 th 68.6 23.8 11.8 15.4 0.153 9.5 9.7
4. Birgaon
Min 68.1 23.6 9.0 11.7 0.221 6.2 6.5
Max 78.4 28.8 12.7 18.6 0.247 13.3 12.9
Avg 74.5 26.7 10.6 15.1 0.236 10.4 10.2
98 th 78.3 28.6 12.6 18.2 0.247 13.3 12.8
5. Kawatha
Min 65.3 20.1 10.3 14.3 0.212 8.1 8.1
Max 84.6 27.8 13.8 19.8 0.231 11.4 11.3
Avg 71.6 22.5 11.9 16.6 0.221 9.7 9.6
98 th 81.4 26.8 13.6 19.4 0.230 11.3 11.2
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-8
Sr. No.
Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Ozone NH3
µg/m3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 mg/m
3 μg/m
3 μg/m
3
6. Saonga
Min 70.0 23.2 11.6 23.2 0.268 10.2 9.2
Max 78.6 30.1 15.7 29.7 0.319 14.3 15.4
Avg 74.2 26.9 13.7 27.2 0.296 11.8 11.9
98 th 78.5 29.8 15.6 29.5 0.319 14.3 15.4
7. Satnui
Min 71.2 26.1 10.5 26.2 0.265 10.1 10.1
Max 84.3 33.4 17.4 34.3 0.329 16.8 15.6
Avg 79.5 29.8 13.5 30.3 0.302 13.4 12.5
98 th 84.3 33.2 16.9 34.1 0.326 16.4 15.5
8. Kharduka
Min 45.3 15.1 6.3 8.2 0.152 5.2 5.1
Max 64.3 22.8 11.6 11.7 0.165 7.8 7.4
Avg 52.8 17.4 8.4 9.7 0.158 6.5 6.4
98 th 63.1 22.4 11.1 11.6 0.164 7.6 7.3
CPCB Standards 100
(24hr) 60
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 2
(8hr) 100 (8hr)
400 (24hr)
TABLE 3.2.6
CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS & VOCS IN AMBIENT AIR
Location Pb(µg/m3) As (ng/m
3) Ni (ng/m
3) Benzene (µg/m
3) BaP(ng/m
3)
Dudhala Khurd BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Malegaon BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Kelod 0.08 BDL BDL 1.30 BDL
Birgaon BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Kawatha 0.12 BDL BDL 0.86 BDL
Saonga 0.16 BDL BDL 0.82 BDL
Satnui 0.17 BDL BDL 1.12 BDL
Kharduka BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Ambient Air Quality CPCB Standard
01 (24 hrs) 06 (Annual) 20 (Annual) 5 (Annual) 1 (Annual)
BDL: Below Detectable Limit
3.2.3 Observations
0102030405060708090
100
DudhalaKhurd
Malegaon
Kelod Birgaon Kawatha Saonga Satnui Kharduka
CPCBStandar
d
PM10 46.3 59.6 61.5 74.5 71.6 74.2 79.5 52.8 100.0
PM2.5 15.4 19.1 20.0 26.7 22.5 26.9 29.8 17.4 60.0
SO2 7.1 8.6 8.7 10.6 11.9 13.7 13.5 8.4 80.0
NO2 9.7 9.8 12.1 15.1 16.6 27.2 30.3 9.7 80.0
µg/
m3
Ambient Air Quality
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-9
Graphical Representation of Ambient Air Quality
From above graph if we consider only average concentration of main criteria pollutants then it has
been observed that maximum concentration of PM10 is 79.5 µg/m3 recorded at Satnui and minimum is
46.3 µg/m3 recorded at Dudhala Khurd. The concentration of PM2.5 varry from 15.4 µg/m3 to 29.8
µg/m3. SO2 concentration level ranged from 7.1-13.7 µg/m3 and NO2 concentration ranged from 9.7-
30.3 µg/m3 in the study area. Heavy metals were estimated (As, Pb, Ni) from PM10 to know the
concentration levels in particulate matter and were found to be below detectable limit.
As project site comes under remote and undulated area, just representative sampling was carried at
day time (8 hours) by DG set as power source. The results are presented in Table 3.2.7.
TABLE 3.2.7
AMBIENT AIR RESULTS OF PROJECT SITE
Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Ozone NH3
µg/m3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 mg/m
3 μg/m
3 μg/m
3
Project Site 40.2 12.9 5.1 5.6 BDL <5 <5
Ambient Air Quality CPCB Standard
100(24hr) 60(24hr) 80(24hr) 80(24hr) 2(8hr) 100 (8hr) 400(24hr)
3.2.4 Interpretation and Conclusion of Air Quality Assessment in the study area
The air quality of different locations has been compared with the respective NAAQS. The air quality
has been categorized into four broad categories based on an Exceedance Factor (the ratio of
average concentration of a pollutant with that of a respective standard).
The Exceedance Factor (EF) is calculated for major pollutants as follows:
Exceedance Factor = (Observed Average concentration of criteria pollutant) / (National
Ambient Air Quality standard for the respective pollutant).
The four air quality categories are:
Critical pollution (C) : when EF is > 1.5
High pollution (H) : when the EF is between 1.0 - < 1.5
Moderate pollution (M) : when the EF between 0.5 - < 1.0
Low pollution (L) : when the EF is < 0.5
Location
PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2
EF Pollution
Category EF
Pollution
Category EF
Pollution
Category EF
Pollution
Category
Dudhala
Khurd 0.46 Low 0.26 Low 0.09 Low 0.12 Low
Malegaon 0.60 Moderate 0.32 Low 0.11 Low 0.12 Low
Kelod 0.62 Moderate 0.33 Low 0.11 Low 0.15 Low
Birgaon 0.75 Moderate 0.45 Low 0.13 Low 0.19 Low
Kawatha 0.72 Moderate 0.38 Low 0.15 Low 0.21 Low
Saonga 0.74 Moderate 0.45 Low 0.17 Low 0.34 Low
Satnui 0.80 Moderate 0.50 Low 0.17 Low 0.38 Low
Kharduka 0.53 Moderate 0.29 Low 0.11 Low 0.12 Low
Dudhala
Khurd 0.46 Low 0.26 Low 0.09 Low 0.12 Low
It has been observed that all locations are falling into low pollution category on the basis of
Exceedance Factor for PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 which indicates the overall ambient air quality of study
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-10
area is low polluted category. However, PM10 for most of all locations falling in the third category are
meeting the standards as of now but likely to exceed the standards in future if pollution continues to
increase and is not controlled. The national highway (NH547) is passing through this region and
having major traffic activities which contribute significant effects on air quality.
3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The impacts of noise vary from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending upon
the noise levels and tolerance levels of the individual. The baseline study for noise levels in the study
area has been carried out by selecting a noise monitoring station based on the following criteria.
Source of the noise
Proximity of the noise generating source to the human settlements
Exposure time
Time- scaled dose-response ratio of the individual receptor
The impact of noise on the surrounding community generally depends upon the following aspects.
Characteristics of the noise sources (i.e. either an instantaneous or a continuous source)
Noise generation period during the day
Location of the noise generating source with respect to the noise sensitive areas
3.3.1 Assessment of Noise Levels within Study Area
The main objective of noise level assessment is to identify all the sources acceptable and
unacceptable to study region. The acoustical environment varies dynamically in magnitude and
character throughout most communities. The noise level variation can be temporal, spectral and
spatial. The maximum impact of noise is felt on urban areas, which is mostly due to the commercial /
industrial activities and vehicular movement during peak hours of the day. A preliminary
reconnaissance was undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the study area and
to establish the existing status of the environment with respect to noise levels within the study area
including industrial, commercial, residential and sensitive areas. Eight (8) locations were identified
based on the activities in the village area, traffic and sensitive areas like hospitals and schools. The
noise monitoring locations are shown in Figure 3.3.1 and details are given in Table 3.3.1.
Sound pressure levels (SPL) were measured at all locations considering residential, commercial,
Industrial and sensitive locations. The noise levels were taken for 24 hours. The day time noise levels
were monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night time levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations
within 10 km radius of the study area. The noise levels measured are shown in Table 3.3.2.
TABLE 3.3.1
NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS
Station
Code Location
Distance (Km)/
Direction w.r.t.
Project Site
Latitude
(North)
Longitude
(East) Justification
N1 Dudhala Khurd 1.4/WNW 21°30'1.35"N 78°53'13.57"E Residential
N2 Malegaon 4.0/NE 21°31'6.98"N 78°55'52.84"E Residential
N3 Kelod 4.6/SSW 21°27'37.20"N 78°52'38.49"E Commercial
N4 Birgaon 7.7/WSW 21°28'23.24"N 78°49'51.54"E Residential
N5 Kawatha 2.2/S 21°28'30.96"N 78°54'14.71"E Silence
N6 Saonga 3.4/NNW 21°31'26.18"N 78°53'4.79"E Commercial
N7 Satnui 5.7/WNW 21°30'45.43"N 78°50'53.53"E Residential
N8 Kharduka 4.1/E 21°29'26.58"N 78°56'25.50"E Residential
Source: Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-11
FIGURE 3.3.1: NOISE MONITORING LOCATIONS
3.3.2 Noise Monitoring
Monitoring Methodology of Noise
Environment Component
Sampling Location
Unit Sampling Frequency
Sample Collection Instrument/ Methodology
Sampling Equipment
Detection Limit
Ambient Noise levels
8 locations Decibels- dB (A)
Once during the study period. (hourly reading for 24 hrs at each location)
Noise level Meter
0.1 dB (A) SLM 100 [IS 15575-2 (2005)]
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-12
TABLE 3.3.2 NOISE LEVELS IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Monitoring Locations Category of Area/Zone Equivalent Noise Level
Leq Day Leq Night
1 Dudhala Khurd Residential 45.3 35.6
2 Malegaon Residential 52.1 42.1
3 Kelod Commercial 63.5 51.3
4 Birgaon Residential 53.2 41.6
5 Kawatha Silence 48.2 37.5
6 Saonga Commercial 61.8 50.2
7 Satnui Residential 54.2 41.5
8 Kharduka Residential 51.3 40.6
CPCB Standards dB(A)
1. Residential Area 55.0 45.0
2. Commercial Area 65.0 55.0
3. Industrial Area 75.0 70.0
4. Silence Zone 50.0 40.0
Source: Field monitoring and analysis by Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur
3.3.3 Equivalent noise levels
Leq was monitored at all locations considering residential, commercial, Industrial and sensitive
locations. For residential areas the main sources of noise are regular human activities and traffic
movements. The study region also comprising of primary schools, primary health centers etc. Leq
was monitored in these sensitive areas. The values of noise observed in some of the rural areas are
primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. In rural areas wind blowing and
chirping of birds would contribute to noise levels especially during the nights.
The overall ambient noise quality with respect to various zones was found to be within prescribed
limits by CPCB.
3.3.4 Noise levels due to traffic in the study area
The national highway (NH547) is passing through this region and having major traffic activities.
Agglomeration and congestion of traffic was observed on main roads and at the crossing of important
roads near petrol pumps, market and industrial areas. The vehicular traffic was monitored at different
crossings within the study area near highways.
The noise levels monitored at some of the major traffic junctions along with their peak traffic density
are listed in Table 3.3.3. During survey period, the traffic density at these junctions was observed to
be very high (Table 3.3.4).
TABLE 3.3.3
BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS IN INDUSTRIAL AREA NEAR HIGHWAYS
Sr. No. Location Distance of Highway
from plant (km)
Direction of Highway
w.r.t plant Leqday Leqnight
1. National Highway 547 0.39 NE 71.9 60.5
CPCB Standards dB(A) Industrial Area 75 70
Source: Field monitoring and analysis by Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-13
TABLE 3.3.4
VEHICULAR TRAFFIC AND CORRESPONDING NOISE LEVELS DURING PEAK HOURS
IN THE STUDY AREA
Sr. No. Traffic Intersection Traffic Density per peak hours Sound pressure
levels (peak hours) H M L
1 National Highway-547 32 120 120 72.1
Observations:
1. Heavy traffic was observed on the main roads passing through the villages during day time,
contributed significantly to the increase in noise levels in the nearby residential areas. During
night time, traffic was less, thereby; noise was mainly due to industrial activities.
2. The major commercial activities in the region were the local markets at various places. Other
than regular human activities, the traffic, particularly, industrial goods vehicles were the noise
generating sources creating marginal increase in noise levels in these areas.
3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT
3.4.1 Regional Geology
Regionally the area is mainly occupied by Sausar group of rocks which are overlained by alluvium
Formation. The Proterozoic Sausar Belt is located along the southern margin of the CITZ in the
Nagpur area, trending in the E-W to ENE-WSW direction with about 20- to 40-km wide and 300- to
350-km long. The belt is made up of four major geologic components, from south to north; the
southern granulite belt, the supracrustal metasedimentary rocks of the Sausar Group, reworked
inliers of the Tirodi Gneiss and the northern granulite belt. The central domain between two granulite
belts is composed of the Sausar Group, highly tectonized gneissic rocks and several intrusive
granites. The Sausar Group is divided into six formations, in ascending order; the Sitasaongi,
Lohangi, Mansar, Chorbaoli, Junewani, and Bichua (Fig.3.4.2). The Sausar Group comprises of
quartzite, pelite and carbonate associations, containing stratiform manganese deposits which form
the largest manganese oxide reserves in India.
The rocks are regionally metamorphosed and folded under the upper amphibolite to granulite facies
condition, and intercalate tectonized gneissic rocks, which are probably derived from the reworked
basements. The basement gneissic rocks, called the Tirodi Gneiss, include mostly tonalitic gneiss
and minor amounts of pelitic to psammitic gneisses, caJcsilicate gneiss and amphibolite. The Sausar
Belt forms either a synclinorium superimposed over nappes (Fig. 3.4.1A), or a schuppen structure
separated by intercalations of reworked basements (Fig. 3.4.1B) Granulite facies rocks occur in two
belts. The southern granulite belt is traceable from 20-km southeast of Nagpur, through Bhandara
and Tumsar, to Balaghat, trending in a northeast direction, however, the exposures of granulite are
intermittent and confined to small areas. The northern granulite belt is found also in scattered
outcrops within the gneissic area of the Tirodi Gneiss, and marks the northern margin of the Sausar
Belt. Both granulite belts seem to converge in the east of Balaghat.
The manganese bed shows concordant contact with phyllitic pelite, and intruded by granite and
granitic pegmatite. This area is well known for the typical occurrence of gondite which is a banded
rock consisti ng of spessarti ne garnet and manganese-silicate minerals, named after the Gond tribe.
Spessartine garnet crystal in the mi ne often reaches more than a centimeter in diameter. Deccan
trap is also a contributor unit in regional Geology of the area.
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-14
Age Group Formations Lithounites
Recent
Alluvium Unconformity
Cretaceous to
Palaeogene
Sahyadri Group Deccan Trap Distinct flows of Basaltic Rocks
Proterozoic
Sausar Group
Intrusives Pegmatite & Vein Quartz
Bichua Formation
Dolomite marble, calc silicate rocks,
bio-mus-schist, sillimanite bearing
quartz-bio-granulites
Junewani Formation
Metapelite (mica schist), quartzite,
granulite, biotite gneiss (re-worked
basement)
Chorbaoli Formation
Garnet-staurolite-quartz-muscovite
schist. Micaceous & cherty quartzite
locally with garnet & magnetite.
Mansar Formation
Manganese ore I & gondite musco-
schist, musbio-schist with sillimanite.
Manganese ore II, schist. Manganese
ore III with gondites.
Lohangi Formation
Dolomite marbles with lenses of
Manganese ore, calc-silicate rocks,
calc-granulites, quartz- bio-granulites
& gneisses.
Sitasaongi
Formation
Quartz mica schist, Felspathic schist,
Mica gneiss, Quartzite, Conglomerate
Archaean Tirodi biotite gneiss Disconformity. Biotite gneiss,
migmatite, tonalite gneiss, cordierite
gneiss, amphibolites etc.
Fig. 3.4.1 POSSIBLE STRUCTURES ON THE N-S CROSS SECTION OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE
SAURSAR BELT. A- SYNCLINORIUM & NAPPE STRUCTURE. B-SCHUPEN STRUCTURE
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-15
FIGURE 3.4.2 – Geology of Site
Site Specific Geology
Considering the mine lease area and the adjacent area, Quartz mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite
& Dolomite rocks, weathered gneisses & quartzite schistscan be easily encountered. In the mine
lease area outcrops of weathered gneisses can be seen on North side of the the Mining Lease
area(Fig. 3.4.3 & Fig. 3.4.4). There is occurrence of manganeferous quartzite boulders as float ore.
Fig. 3.4.3 Outcrops of weathered Quartzite Schist Fig. 3.4.3 NWN-ESE Strike Direction of Quartzite
Schist Outcrops
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-16
Regional Hydrogeology
Regional aquifer system of the area is mainly comprised of Sausar group of rocks which are highly
metamorphosed & structurally deformed providing secondary openings for Groundwater recharge.
These Archaean crystalline rocks comprising of gneiss, schist, pegmatite and quartzite are the main
formations occurring in north-eastern and south eastern parts of the district. In these rocks,
weathered zone which is down to a depth of 25 mbgl forms the important shallow aquifer for
dugwells. In unweathered crystalline rocks, the occurrence of ground water is mainly controlled by
joints and fractures. Higher yields are generally associated with lineaments. Ground water at places
occurs in fractured zones at depth in semi-confined to confined conditions. Discharge of dug wells
tapping weathered gneisses range from 61 to 77 m3/day.
In Deccan trap formation Ground water occurs under phreatic conditions in the exposed lava flows
and in semi-confined to confined state in the subsurface flows. Ground water is present in pore
spaces in the vesicular unit of each flow and in the jointed and fractured portions of massive unit.
However, secondary porosity and permeability developed on account of weathering, fracturing and
joints play a very important role in the storage and movement of ground water. This has given rise to
good aquifers. Weathering not only produces granular materials but also widens the fractures, joint
and shear zones. It is observed that the discharge of dug wells tapping vesicular basalt and jointed
massive basalts found to be 235 m3/day & 44 to 177 m3/day respectively.
Alluvium consisting of sand, silt, clay and kankar forms the potential water bearing formations and
occurs in some part of the study area. The alluvium of recent to sub-recent age and are found to have
been deposited along the Kanhan and Pench Rivers and their tributaries. They overlie the older
formations such as Archeans, Gondwana and Basalt and have thickness more than 25 m. These
formations are highly productive aquifers and sustain long duration pumping with very less drawdown
and fast recuperation. Ground water occurs in water table and semi-confined conditions in the alluvial
formation. Discharge of dug wells tapping alluvium is 80 m3/day.
FIGURE 3.4.5 HYDROGEOLOGY OF STUDY AREA
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-17
Site Specific Hydrogeology
Site area comprises of mainly two aquifer units which are Alluvium & Archaean rock Formations viz.
Quartz mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite, pink gneisses & Dolomite. The study area which comes
in Sausar Tehsil of Chindwara District showed fall in water level as compared to the study area which
comes in Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur District due to large-scale withdrawal of ground water for irrigation
purpose. Metamorphosed rock units i.e. schists & Gneisses, form the aquifer near the project area
(Fig. 3.4.5). Near the Mine Lease area, which is at higher elevation, water levels in pre & post monsoon
are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Depth to water level in pre & post monsoon
in study area ranges 5-10 mbgl & 4-8 mbgl respectively.
FIGURE 3.4.6 Depth to Water Level around Mine Lease Area (Source: http://indiawris.gov.in)
Geomorphology
Nagpur district forms part of Deccan Plateau having flat topped and terraced features. Eastward and
north-eastwards the landscape changes due to the change in the underlying rocks. The rocks of
Gondwana series present a low rolling topography with a poor soil cover and vegetation. On the north
the upland ranges are the extension of Satpuras which gradually narrows down towards west. South
of these upland range stretches the Ambegad hills, the western extremity of which is the Nagpur
district. The Ramtek temple is on the spur of this range. The Girad hill range extends along the
southeast and separates the valley of the Kar from that of Jamb up to Kondhali. Another main hill
range runs northwards through Katol taluka from Kondhali to Kelod separating the Wardha and
Wainganga valleys. The north-eastern and east central parts of the district are drained by the
Wainganga and its tributaries.
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-18
Fig. 3.4.7 GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA
Denudation hills are the prominent Geomorphological feature in the study area which can be seen
mainly in northern hemisphere of the 10km radius of the study area. The southern half shows
alluvium & flat land.
Pediment zone can also be seen in the study area. A pediment zone is a relatively gently
sloping surface of bedrock that occurs at the base of a mountain or as a plain having no associated
mountain. The angle of a pediment‟s slope is generally from 0.5° to 7°. Water passes across the
pediment by laminar sheet flow, but if this is disturbed, the flow becomes turbulent and gullies
develop. The Mine site area lies at the end portion of pediment zone & contains gullies developed by
turbulent rainwater flow through which the rainwater flows along the natural gradient. (Fig. 3.4.7)
Surface and Ground Water Quality Assessment
A reconnaissance survey was conducted and 8 ground water samples and 2 surface water samples
were collected to assess the water quality based on the following considerations.
Location of major water bodies
Representative conditions
Potential users
Selected water quality parameters for water resources within 10 km of the study area have been used
for describing the water environment and assessing the impacts on it. Studies on water environment
aspects of ecosystem play an important role in preparation of environmental impact assessment
report and to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ecological
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-19
homeostasis. To assess the water quality impacts, water resources in the impact area have been
grouped into two classes.
a. Surface water resources including streams, ponds, lakes and rivers etc
b. Ground water resources in the deeper strata of the ground.
The water sampling locations are listed in Table 3.4.1 and are depicted in Figure 3.4.8. The samples
were collected as grab samples, preserved and analyzed for various parameters as per the
procedures specified in standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater published by
American Public Health Association (APHA) or IS 10500.
TABLE 3.4.1
DETAILS OF WATER SAMPLING LOCATION
Code Location Latitude Longitude Distance (Km) from
confluence /Direction
Surface Water
SW1 Kanhan River 21°30'4.57"N 78°56'16.07"E 4.0/E
SW2 Kairi River 21°32'42.37"N 78°57'44.26"E 8.7/NE
Groundwater
GW1 Lohani 21°31'0.68"N 78°53'55.86"E 2.3/N
GW2 Khapa Padnwar 21°29'25.98"N 78°55'33.79"E 2.7/ESE
GW3 Kawatha 21°28'30.96"N 78°54'14.71"E 2.2/S
GW4 Kelod 21°27'37.20"N 78°52'38.49"E 4.6/SSW
GW5 Dudhala Khurd 21°30'1.35"N 78°53'13.57"E 1.4/WNW
GW6 Saonga 21°31'26.18"N 78°53'4.79"E 3.4/NNW
GW7 Kabarpipla 21°32'25.57"N 78°51'50.55"E 6.1/NW
GW8 Malegaon 21°31'6.98"N 78°55'52.84"E 4.0/NE
Source: Field monitoring & analysis by Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nagpur
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-20
FIGURE 3.4.8 SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOCATION
3.4.1 Observations and interpretation
A number of water samples in the study area were collected both from ground and surface water
sources. The water samples were collected and analyzed for physical, chemical and biological
characteristics as per approved methods. The details analysis results are given in the Annexure V
(b).
3.4.1.1 Physico-chemical Characteristics
The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: 10500 is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the
water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the pH
was varying for ground waters from 7.72-8.26 and in surface water the pH was varying between 8.09-
8.48. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to
be within the limits.
The desirable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: 10500 are 500 mg/l whereas the permissible
limits in absence of alternate source is 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause
gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved
solids are varying from 318-1236 mg/l. The TDS of maximum samples were above the desirable limit
but within the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l. In surface waters the total dissolved solids were in the
range of 298-635 mg/l which were within the desirable limit.
The desirable limit for chloride is 250 mg/l as per IS: 10500 whereas the permissible limit of the same
is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the
ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 29.35-269.07 mg/l. All are within
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-21
the desirable limits. In surface waters the chlorides were in the range of 9.78-24.46 mg/l, which are
within the desirable limits.
The desirable limit as per IS10500 for hardness is 300 mg/l whereas the permissible limit for the
same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on
domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the
hardness is varying from 211.89-882.0 mg/l. In surface waters the hardness is varying between
166.54-430.50 mg/l.
Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the desirable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit
of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the
fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of
tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water
samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.21-2.27 mg/l. where as in the surface
waters the fluoride was in range of 0.22-0.32 mg/l.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) refers to the amount of oxygen (O2) dissolved in water. Because in surface
water fish and other aquatic organisms cannot survive without oxygen, DO is one of the most
important water quality parameters. In surface water the reported value of range of 6.4-6.5 mg/lt.
Phosphorus (as PO4) is an important nutrient for plants and algae. Because phosphorus is in short
supply in most fresh waters, even a modest increase in phosphorus can cause excessive growth of
plants and algae that deplete dissolved oxygen (DO) as they decompose. The range of Phosphorus
(as PO4) was found to be below detectable limit or absent.
3.4.1.2 Remarks
Bacteriologically, all surface water samples were contaminated and proper treatment such as
chlorination or disinfection treatment is needed before use for alternate source of drinking purpose,
and also ground water samples were bacteriologically contaminated. Present of Sodium into ground
water is mainly influenced by Sodium Chloride or table salt.
3.5 Land use of Study Area
Remote sensing technology has emerged as a powerful tool in providing reliable information on
various natural resources at different levels of spatial details; it has played an important role in
effective mapping and periodic monitoring of natural resources including environment.
With the availability of high resolution remote sensing data, newer areas of remote sensing
applications have been identified, techniques of data processing have been improved and computer
based image processing systems have become more effective.
Based on these application the land use and land cover studies refers to man‟s activities on land,
utilitarian in nature whereas land cover denotes the vegetation cover, water body cover and artificial
constructions, etc.
The Land use/land cover classification system standardized by Department of Space, for mapping
different agro-climatic zones has been adopted. The classification systems are as follows.
Build up land:- It is defined as an of human habitation developed due to non-agricultural use and
that which has a cover of building, transport, communication utilities in association with water,
vegetation and vacant lands.
Land with or without scrub: - They occupy (relatively) higher topography like uplands or high
ground with or without scrub. These lands are generally prone to degradation or erosion. These
exclude hilly and mountainous terrain.
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-22
Fallow land: - It is described as agricultural lands which is taken up for cultivation but is
temporarily allowed to rest un-cropped for one or more seasons, but not less than one year.
These lands are particularly those which are seen devoid of crops at the time when the imagery is
taken of both seasons.
Dense Evergreen forest:-It is described as forest, which comprises of thick and dense canopy of
all trees, which predominantly remain green throughout the year. It includes both coniferous and
tropical broad-lived evergreen trees. Semi- evergreen forest is a mixture of both deciduous and
evergreen trees but the latter predominate.
Water bodies: - Area persistently covered by water such as river and reservoir, lakes.
3.5.1 Land use of Study Area
The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the periphery of project site has
been prepared using Resource SAT-2, sensor- LISS-3 having 23.5 m spatial resolution and date of
pass 29 May 2015 satellite image with reference to Google Earth data and the IRS-P5- Cartosat-I
data having 2.5 m spatial resolution and date of pass April 2016. In order to strengthen the baseline
information on existing land use pattern, the following data covering approx. 21°24′11.66″ to
21°35′11.05″ N latitude and 78°54′00.79″ to 78°54′15.72″ E longitude and elevation ranging between
344-364 meter in an around mining lease area and for whole 10 km study area is about 235-403 m.
Land use pattern of the study area as well as the catchment area was carried out by standard
methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and followed by ground truth collection and
interpretation of satellite data. The outcome of land use study is presented below in subsequent
tables and figures.
Table 3.5.1
Data specification used for presents study
Satellite/ Image Sensor Scene-Spec Spatial resolution Date of Acquisition
Resource SAT-2 LISS-3 99-57 23.5 m 29 May 2015
IRS-P-5 Cartosat-1 R-1-100-56 2.5 m April 2016
3.5.2 Objective
The objectives of Land use studies are:
To determine the present land use pattern as per EIA/EMP norms by MoEF.
To determine the drainage pattern present in the study area.
3.5.3 Data Used
A. Remote sensing data
IRS P6 LISS-3 Scene
IRS-P5 Cartosat-I data
B. Collateral Data
Survey of India toposheet (OSM) bearing 55 K/14 (F44M-14) and 55K/15(F44M-15 (1:50,000
Scale).
3.5.4 Methodology
The land use pattern of the study area was studied by analysing the available secondary data
published in the District Primary Census abstract of the year 2001 & 2011.
Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below:
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Acquisition of satellite data
Preparation of base map from Survey of India topo sheets
Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques
Ground truth studies or field checks using GPS
Finalization of the map
Digitization using head up vectorisation method
Topology construction in GIS
Area calculation for statistics generation
Masking
The spatial resolution and the spectral bands in which the sensor collects the remotely sensed data
are two important parameters for any land use survey. IRS P6 LISS III data offers spatial resolution of
23.5 m with the swath width of 141 x 141 km. the data is collected in four visible bands namely green
(Band 2) (0.52-0.59µ), red (Band 3) (0.62-0.69µ), near infrared (NIR) (Band 4) (0.77-0.89µ), short
wave infrared band (Band 5) (1.55-1.75µ) with orbit repeat period of 24 days (three days revisit). The
shapes, sizes, colours, tone and texture of several geomorphic features are visible in IRS data.
Four spectral bands provide high degree of measurability through band combination including FCC
generation, bands rationing, classification etc. These features of the IRS data are particularity
important for better comprehension and delineation of the land use classes. Hence, IRS P6 LISS-III
data has been used for land use mapping.
The digital image processing was performed on ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 and QGIS 2.2 software
system on high-configured computer. This software package is a collection of image processing
functions necessary for pre-processing, rectification, band combination, filtering, statistics,
classification, etc. Apart from contrast stretching, there are large numbers of image processing
functions that can be performed on this station. Arc map 9.3 is used for final layout presentation.
The satellite data from the compact disc is loaded on the hard disk and by studying quick look (the
sampled image of the appropriate area ;) the sub-scene of the study area is extracted.
Supervised classification using all the spectral bands can separate fairly accurately, the different land
use classes at level II on the basis of the spectral responses, which involve the following three steps:
1. Acquisition of ground truth
2. Calculation of the statistics of training area
3. Classification using maximum likelihood algorithm
The training areas for classification were homogeneous, well spread throughout the scene with
bordering pixels excluded in processing. Several training sets have been used through the scene for
similar land use classes. After evaluating the statistical parameters of training sets, the training areas
were rectified by deleting no congruous training sets and creating new ones.
3.5.5 Pre-field Interpretation of Satellite Data
The False Colour Composite (FCC) of LISS-3satellite imagery having 23.5 m spatial resolution
satellite data at 1:50,000 scale was used for pre-field interpretation work. Taking the help of topo
sheets, geology, geo-morphology and by using the image elements, the features were identified and
delineated the boundaries roughly. Each feature was identified on image by their image elements like
tone, texture, colour, shape, size, pattern and association. A tentative legend in terms of land cover
and land use was formulated. The sample area for field check is selected covering all the
physiographic, land use/land cover feature cum image characteristics. Figure 3.5.1 shows the FCC of
10 KM radius of LISS-3 Imagery.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-24
Figure 3.5.1: FCC of 00-10 km radius with mining location
3.5.6 Ground Truth Collection
Both topo sheets and imagery were carried for field verification and a transverse plan using existing
road network was made to cover as many representative sample areas as possible to observe the
broad land use features and to adjust the sample areas according to field conditions. Detail field
observations and investigations were carried out and noted the land use features on the imagery.
3.5.7 Post Field Work for Land Use/Land Cover Classification
The base maps of the study area were prepared, with the help of Survey of India Toposheets on
1:50,000 scale. Preliminary interpreted land use and the land cover features boundaries from IRS-2,
sensor LISS-3 having 23.5m spatial resolution, False Colour Composite were modified in light of field
information and the final thematic details were transferred onto the base maps. The final interpreted
and classified thematic map was cartograph. The cartographic map was categorically differentiate
with standard colour coding and described features with standard symbols. All the classes were
identified and marked by the standard legend on the map.The following Land Cover classes were
derived and classified as under:
1. Agricultural land
2. Settlements/Industrial Settlements
3. Dense Forest/Mixed Forest
4. Open scrub
5. Mines/Quarry
6. Water Bodies/River/Nala/Stream
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-25
Total area of 10 km radius is about 314 sq. km.
3.5.8 Land Use/Land Cover Classification- Interpretation
The Land Cover classes were extracted following a Visual interpretation method or on screen
digitization of the Resource Sat-2 Imagery, sensor LISS-3 having 23.5m spatial resolution image.
These were later verified by using SOI toposheet and Google Earth imagery. Polygon layers for each
class were digitized and the respective areas were calculated. The Land Cover classes and their
coverage can be seen in the following table 3.5.2 and its distribution is shown in Figure 3.5.3. The
present Land Cover classes are represented in Figure 3.5.2. Total six major land use/ land cover
classes were demarcated in the study area and a thematic map of 1:50,000 scales were generated
incorporating these classified categories considering the area of the project. The area as a whole
represents a gently slope, drained by a number of north west to south east flowing rivers which
debouche into the one Kanhan River in East-West direction. It is also observed that the Kapleshwar
Nala, Kolar Nadi, Khekara Nala and numerous streams also flows under the 10 km radius. Kolar Nadi
is one of the principle stream flows through the project site in southern area meets with
Chandrabhaga River ultimately forms Kolar nadi and confluence in Kanhan River towards south east
direction.
Figure 3.5.2: LU/LC details of 00-10 km radius
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-26
TABLE 3.5.2
LU/LC CLASSES AND THEIR COVERAGE IN SQ. KM OF 00-10 KM RADIUS
LU/LC classes and their coverage in Sq. Km
Sr. No. LU/LC Class Area (Sq.Km²) Percentage (%)
1
Built up Land Rural/Urban)
Settlement 2.41 0.77
Industry/other industries 1.3 0.41
Road Infrastructure 0.97 0.31
Railway Line/Railway Siding 0.54 0.17
2
Agriculture Land
Cropland 230.15 73.30
Barren Land 0.74 0.24
3
Water bodies
River/Nala/Stream 6.29 2.00
Pond/Tank 1.22 0.39
4
Scrub/Waste Land
Land with scrub/Open Scrub 17.21 5.48
5
Dense Forest
Open Mixed Jungle/PF/RF 52.04 16.57
6 Mining/Stone Quarry 1.13 0.36
Total 314 100
Figure 3.5.3: Pie chart represent the LU/LC details of 00-10 km radius
From the Table 3.5.2 it has been depicted that total eight major land use/land cover classes were
demarcated in the study area. As seen from the land cover classes that were derived agriculture
appears to be the land use pattern that the villagers are engaged, however there is a large area of
open scrub land which can be later developed into a cultivable land. Agriculture has the highest
coverage of all the land cover classes having 73.30 % (230.15 sq.km approx) of the total project area
and thereafter the forest area covers second highest position having 16.57 % (52.04 sq. km approx).
0.77% 0.41%
0.31% 0.17%
73.30%
0.24%
2.00%
0.39%
5.48%
16.57%
0.36%
Settlement
Industry/other industries
Road Infrastructure
Railway Line/Railway Siding
Cropland
Barren Land
River/Nala/Stream
Pond/Tank
Land with scrub/Open Scrub
Open Mixed Jungle/PF/RF
Mining/Stone Quarry
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-27
The major reserve forest present in the study area are as Sita Gondi RF, Sapghota RF, Pareghat PF
and Khapa Padri Rf and various PF and RF were present in the study area which is parts covers the
Pench reserve, thereafter Open scrub having 5.48 % (17.21 sq. km).
The presence of water bodies including the river, dam, canal and tributaries as seen from the figure
3.5.2 is about 2.39 % (7.51 sq.km). It has been observed that the Kanhan River which is flowing
through the project site towards eastern direction is about 3.88 km. There are numerous stream and
nala were flowing under the project site. There are certain pockets of area is under the mining of
stone quarry in open cast by the various private players having ancillary units of construction and
township projects. The present mining project is the virgin mines for opening of manganese ore by
open cast method having 26.67 ha and the area covers by these stone quarry/ mining activities
including the Manganese Open cast mine, is at a slight minimal level i.e. 0.36% (1.13 sq. km approx).
It is also resembles from the satellite data and LU/LC map Settlements occupy a subsequent area,
predominantly their presence in bank of Kanhan river and spreads all over the adjoining study area.
Maximum settlements were seen in North West, West North West and South West parts of the study
area which is shown in figure 2.1 i.e. 0.77 % (2.41 sq. km). The built up area present in the LULC of
10 km radius excluding the settlements present in the area is about 0.89% (2.81). The terrain
presumably makes it difficult to visualize some of the other features of the total project area. It is also
observed that the study area is well connected by railway i.e. main railway line connecting from
Nagpur-Chindwara route and also the one National Highway are present (NH-69) and also SH-249.
3.5.9 Drainage Details of 0 – 10 km radius
The distance, direction of River/Streams/Nala found in the surrounding areas of 10 KM radius from the
project sites are given in Table 3.5.3 and Figure3.5.4 represents the drainage of the study area with mining
lease area location.
Table 3.5.3
DISTANCE AND DIRECTION OF RIVER/STREAM/NALA PRESENT IN PROJECT SITE WITHIN 10 KM
RADIUS
Name of the
River/Stream/Nala Distance from Project Site Direction from Project Site
Kanhan River 3.88 Km E
Kapleshwar Nala 3.97 Km S
Korardhari Nala 8.41Km S
Khekara Nala 5.57 Km ENE
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-28
Figure 3.5.4: Drainage details of 00-10 km radius
3.5.10 Forest of study area within 10 KM Radius
The forest comprises of about reserve forest, mixed forest & open scrub having 22.05 % of the study
area. There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Tiger Reserve, exist within
the 10 km radius of the study area. The nearest reserve forest are as Sita Gondi RF, Sapghota RF,
Pareghat PF and Khapa Padri RF and various PF and RF were present in the study area which is
parts covers the Pench reserve, thereafter Open scrub having 5.48 % (17.21 sq. km). It has been
also noticed that Khapa Padri RF is just adjacent to mining lease area. No forest land observed within
mine lease area. The distance, direction of reserve forest found in the surrounding areas of 10 km
radius from the project sites is present in Table 3.5.4.
Table 3.5.4
DISTANCE AND DIRECTION OF FOREST/MIXED FOREST AND ZUDGPI JUNGLE PRESENT IN
PROJECT SITE WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS
Name of the Forest Distance Direction
Sita Gondi RF 7.43 Km ENE
Sapghota RF 6.24km NE
Pareghat PF 3.84km NE
Khapa Padri RF 0.5 km NNW
Elevation Details of 0 – 10 km radius
The contour-Map has been prepared by taking the elevation information by using Survey of India
Toposheet No. 55K/14 and 55 K/14 and also using the help of satellite data CartoSat-1 with 2.45m
spatial resolution with respect to Google Earth imagery information and contour has been generated
at 10 m intervals as depicted in Figure 3.5.6 and the DEM model has been represented in Figure
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-29
3.5.6. The 10 km radius of the proposed manganese mining project area is confined within 235 meter
to 403 meter above MSL as derived from DEM data.
Figure 3.5.5: Contour details of 00-10 km radius
Figure 3.5.6: DEM details of 00-10 km radius
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-30
3.5.11 Baseline status of soil
Soil characteristics
Soil may be defined as a thin layer of earth‟s crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth
of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to, and influenced by
genetic and environmental factors – parent material, climate, organisms and topography all acting
over a period of time. Soil differs from the parent material in the morphological, physical, chemical
and biological properties. Also, soil differs among themselves in some or all the properties, depending
on the differences in the genetic and environmental factors. Thus, some soils are red, some are
black; some are deep and some are shallow; some are coarse-textured and some are fine-textured. It
serves in varying degree as a reservoir of nutrients and water for crops, provides mechanical
anchorage and favorable tilth. The components of soils are mineral materials, organic matter, water
and air, the proportions of which vary and which together form a system for plant growth; hence there
is a need to study the soils in perspective manner.
3.5.11.1 Data generation on Soil
For studying soil profile of the region, sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil
conditions in and around the project site representing various landuse conditions. The physical,
chemical and heavy metal concentrations were determined. The samples were collected by ramming
a core-cutter into the soil up to a depth of 20 cm. Total 8 representative samples were collected from
different locations within the study area and analyzed. The details of the soil monitoring locations are
given in Table 3.5.5 and shown in Figure 3.5.7. The monitoring was carried out once in the study
period during post monsoon season 2017. The international pipette method (Black, 1964) was
adopted for determination of particle size analysis. The physical parameters such as bulk density,
porosity and water holding capacity were determined by following KR box method (Keen and
racekowski) 1921.
TABLE 3.5.5
DETAILS OF SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS
Station
Code Location Latitude Longitude
Distance(Km)/
Direction w.r.t. Project Site
S1 Project Site - - -
S2 Khapa Padnwar 21°29'25.98"N 78°55'33.79"E 2.7/ESE
S3 Kawatha 21°28'30.96"N 78°54'14.71"E 2.2/S
S4 Kelod 21°27'37.20"N 78°52'38.49"E 4.6/SSW
S5 Dudhala Khurd 21°30'1.35"N 78°53'13.57"E 1.4/WNW
S6 Saonga 21°31'26.18"N 78°53'4.79"E 3.4/NNW
S7 Kabarpipla 21°32'25.57"N 78°51'50.55"E 6.1/NW
S8 Malegaon 21°31'6.98"N 78°55'52.84"E 4.0/NE
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-31
FIGURE 3.5.7: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS
3.5.11.2 Soil Characteristic and Interpretation
Physical Characteristics of Soil
Physical characteristics of soils were determined through specific parameters viz. particle size
distribution, bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, texture and are presented in Annexure
V(c).
Regular cultivation practices increase the bulk density of soils thus inducing compaction. This results
in reduction in water percolation rate and penetration of roots through soils. The soils with low bulk
density have favorable physical conditions whereas those with high bulk density exhibit poor physical
conditions for agriculture crops. The bulk density of the soil in the study area ranged between 1.41-
1.61 g/cc which indicates favorable physical condition for plant growth. The water holding capacity is
between 18.45-34.06 %. Infiltration rate, in the soil is in the range of 15.99-26.62 mm/hr as shown in
Annexure V(c).
Chemical Characteristics of Soil
Data collected for chemical characteristics of soils through selected parameters viz. pH, soluble
cations and anions, exchangeable cations, organic content and fertility status in the form of NPK
values and organic matter are presented in Annexure V(c).
pH is an important parameter indicative of alkaline or acidic nature of soil. It greatly affects the
microbial population as well as solubility of metal ions and regulates nutrient availability. Variation in
the pH of the soil in the study area is presented in Annexure V(c) and it is found to be neutral to
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-32
moderately alkaline (7.2-7.85) in reaction. Electrical conductivity, a measure of soluble salts in the soil
is in the range of 111-456.6 μS/cm as shown in Annexure V(c).
The important soluble cations in the soil are calcium and magnesium whose concentration levels
ranged from 209.52-486.44 mg/Kg and 75.12-153.05 mg/Kg respectively. Chloride is in the range of
186.39-829.71 mg/Kg.
Nutrient Status
Organic matter and organic carbon present in the soil influences its physical and chemical conditions
and is responsible for stability of soil aggregates. The organic matter content is presented in
Annexure V(c).
Organic matter and nitrogen were found in the range of 0.34-2.17 % and 125.17-161.12 kg/ha.
FERTILITY STATUS
Organic Carbon N P K
- Level in poor soil 0.5 < 280 < 23 < 133
- Level in moderate soil < 0.5 – 0.75 280-560 23-57 133 –337
- Level in fertile soil > 0.75 > 560 > 57 > 337
RELATIONSHIP OF CEC WITH PRODUCTIVITY
Sr. No. CEC Range (meq/100g) Productivity
1 < 10 Very Low
2 10 – 20 Low
3 20 – 50 Moderate
4 > 50 High
RELATIONSHIP OF CEC WITH ABSORPTIVITY
Sr. No. CEC Range (meq/100g) Absorptivity
1 <10 Low
2 10 – 20 Moderate
3 20 – 30 Moderately high
4 30 – 40 High
Heavy Metals Content in the Soil
Plant requires some of the heavy metals at microgram levels for their metabolic activities. These
heavy metals are also termed as macronutrients. Their efficiency becomes a limiting factor in the
plant growth, but at the same time their higher concentration in soils may lead to toxicity. Some of the
heavy metals were estimated and their concentration levels are presented in Annexure V(c).
3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Biological environment of any area, constitute of all living beings of that area. It is an integral part of
the environment, which is often considered as synonymous with species richness of the area.
Identifying, measuring and monitoring biodiversity is a complex exercise. The biodiversity assessment
is generally concerned with conducting inventories for assessing present biodiversity. Any change in
the surrounding environment could cause loss of the species or decrease in the biodiversity.
Flora and Fauna are important features of natural environment. They are organized into communities
with mutual dependencies among their members and show various responses and sensitivities to
outside influences. Therefore, nature of development and baseline characteristics of flora and fauna
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-33
around the site of proposed activities is required to be assessed. Hence, the present study is
conducted to generate the baseline pertaining to biological environment and assessment of the
impact due to proposed Manganese Mine Project on biotic environment.
Objective:
The ecological study of the area was conducted in order to understand the existing status of the flora
and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the possible impacts on biological
environment. The present study highlights the various issues pertaining to floristic diversity and faunal
wealth in the surrounding area up to 10 km radius of the proposed project sites.
The major objectives of the study were:
1. To document the diversity of the local flora within Project site (core) and buffer zone.
2. To enlist the major agricultural crops, plantations and cultivated species.
3. To document the major fauna both invertebrate and vertebrate occurring in the selected 10 km
study area.
Methodology
The baseline study for existing biological environment was carried out during pre-monsoon - 2017.
Study of flora and fauna carried out as per prescribed method addressed in SOP. A participatory and
consultative approach was also followed. Field visits were under taken for survey of the vegetation
and animals in the study area. The study area is divided into two parts as core zone (26.67 Ha.) and
buffer zone.
Ecosystems/ Habitat & Vegetation of the study area:
The proposed Manganese Ore Mine project located in Kawatha village, in Tehsil Saoner of District
Nagpur, Maharashtra State. As per the bio-geographical classification of zone in India the project
area comes under Zone 6 Deccan Peninsula & as per Bio-geographic classification of Indian
provinces project area comes under (6D) part of the Deccan Peninsula – Central Plateau. The river
Kanhan is passing through the East part (2.66 KM away from ML area) of the study area by taking
various twist and turns along its path. Seasonal stream towards South East direction crossing through
mine lease area. Land use pattern of this region was dominated by agricultural fields (73.54%)
followed by Reserved Forest and Open mixed jungle-Protected Forest-Reserve Forest (16.57%). No
forest land is involved Mine Lease (core zone) area.
The following account of floral diversity, based on the field survey conducted for a short duration, is
aimed to give a general pattern of vegetation of this region along with faunal attributes and baseline
data validated by secondary data from Forest Working Plan of Nagpur Forest Division - 2015-16 to
2024-25.
Details about, Study area & Forest type:
Detail description of vegetation type in buffer and core zone
Buffer Zone:
The forest in the study area belongs to the Sub Group 5 A – Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous
Forests as per revised classification of „Champion and Seth‟. Underneath this main sub group,
considering local variations occur depending primarily upon the edaphic factors such as parent rock
and consequent soil types; topography of the tract and the past treatment provided to these forest
crops. Thus, forest in the study area further categorized as under
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-34
Sub-Group 5A Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
Dry Teak Forest – 5A/Ci
Dry Deciduous Scrub Forests – 5/D S1
Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forests – 5A/c-3
Dry Teak Bearing Forest: This type of forest is predominantly observed in Sitagondi Reserve forest.
Common associates of Teak in the over-wood are observed as Dhaora (Anogeissus latiflolia), Lendia
(Lagerstroemia parviflora), Ain (Terminalia tomentosa), movai (Lannea coromandelica), Bhirra
(Chloroxylon swietenia), Bel (Aegle marmelos), Bor (Zizyphus sp.), Ghot (Zizyphus xylophyra), Air
(Terminalia tomentosa), Ahl (Morinda tinctoria), Khair (Acacia catechu), Achar (Buchanania lanzan),
Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon)etc. Under growth is not dense, except in moist valleys or along nala
bank where Nirgudi (Vitex negundo), Murag sheng (Helecteres isora), and Bharati (Gymnosporia
montana), Chilati (Mimosa hamate), stunted Khair (Acacia catechu) occurs and at very few places
Lantana (Lantana camara), and Parijatak (Nyctanthes arbortristis) are found.
The common shrubs found are Dhyati (Woodfordia fruticosa), Bharati, ber (Zizypus sp.) and neel
(Indigofera tinctoria).
Climbers are not very common except along nala and streams. The main climbers found in areas are
Chilati choti (Acacia pennata), Malkangani (Celastrus paniculata), Piwarbel (Combratum ovalifolia),
Nagbel (Cryptolepis buchanani), Dudhi (Hemidesmus indicus), Dhimarbel (Ichnocarpus prutescens),
Mahul (Bahinia vahilii), Ironi (Zizyphus oenoplea).
Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forests:
A considerable variety of degenerated forests could be included in this type. These forests are the
result of long continued maltreatment, of which excessive grazing and repeated cutting are the main
factors. These forests usually grow under heavy grazing conditions. Ain, Dhaora, Lendia are the most
common species observed in the study area. The other associates are Tendu, Moha, Palash, Hiwar,
Khair, Ber, Ghoti, Bhirra, etc. The trees hardly reach the height of 6 metre in such areas. Ain, Garari,
Salai and Mowai are found in most of the forest in the study area.
The undergrowth species like Bharati, Tarota (Cassia tora), Nirgudi (Vitex negundo) were observed
within the study area.
The climbers were Dudhi (Ichnocarpus frutescence), Piwarbel (Combratum decandrum), Malkanguni
(Celestrus paniculata), Kanch Khuari (Mukuna pruriense)
Grass species were – Kusal (Heteropogan contortus), Sheda (Sehima nurvosum), Ghonal (Themada
trianora), Rusa (Cymbopogan martini) Bhurbhusi (Erogostis tenella), Paoniya (Ischoemum sulcatum),
etc.
Areas of forests adjoining to villages have scrub and scanty forests and mostly thorny species like
Babul, Chilati, Khair are found.
Core Zone:
Vegetation type in core zone:
No forest land involved within the lease area. The total ML area is 26.67 ha comprises of review land.
The vegetation was observed in the Mine lease area is belonging to Southern dry mixed deciduous
type. The floral components were observed are as follows:
Trees: Acacia catechu, Acacia leucophloea, Madhuca latifolia, Acacia nilotica, Adina cordifolia, Aegle
marmelos, Ailanthus excelsa, Annona squamosa, Azadirachta indica, Butea monosperma, Cloroxylon
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-35
switania, Dalbergia sissoo, Diospyros malanoxylon, Ficus glomerata, Lagerstroemia parviflora,
Ziziphus mauritiana and Ziziphus xylopyra.
Shrubs/Under Trees: Abutulon indicum, Andrographis paniculata, Barleria prionites, Calotropis
procera, Datura metal, Helicteres isora, Hamlitonia suaveolens, Lantena Camera, Maytenus
emarginata, Solanum xanthocarpum, Lantana camera, Cassia auriculata, Jetropha gossipifolia and
Vitex nigundo.
Herbs& Grasses: Tridax procumbense, Alternanthera sessilis, Aerva laneta, Xanthium strumarium,
Achyranthes aspera, Croton sparsiflorus, Tephrosia hamiltonil, Parthenium hysterophorus, Tribulus
terrestris, Argemone Mexicana, Cleome viscosa and Hyptis suaveolins. Major grasses includes
Eragrostic tenella, Andropogan pumilus, Cynodon dactylon, Apluda mutica, Sehima nervosum and
Cymbopogon martini.
Climbers: Mimosa hamata, Zizyphus oenoplia, Abrus precatorius, Mucuna pruriens, Bauhinia vahlii
and Cuscuta reflexa
Enlistment of Vegetation in the buffer zone and core zone
Trees:
The species enlisted from the buffer zone and core is given in the Annexure VI (a).
Vegetation near Human Habitation
Near the villages, the vegetation pattern has abruptly changed from that what is observed in the forest
areas. The common species are those which are useful to the human beings. The species commonly
found are Mangifera indica, Madhuca longifolia, Syzigium cumini, Tamarindus indica, Terminalia bellerica,
Ficus bengalensis, Ficus religiosa, Psidium guajava, Azadirachta indica, etc.
Agriculture
The details pertaining to agriculture and horticulture crops within the study area are presented in
Annexure VI (b).
Note on Forest Details, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tiger Reserve, Biosphere Reserve
wrt to study area
Forest covered in the study area is about 16.57%. There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary,
Biosphere Reserve, Tiger Reserve, within the 10 km study area. The nearest wildlife sanctuary was
Mansinghdeo Wildlife Sanctuary 12.0 km from mine lease area as per Nagpur forest subdivision
office letter.
The distance, direction of Reserve Forest found in the surrounding areas of 10 km radius from the project
site is as follows:
Name of the Forest Distance Direction
Khapa Padri RF 0.5 km NNW
Pareghat PF 3.84km NE
Sapghota RF 6.24km NE
Sita Gondi RF 7.43 Km ENE
Phyto-sociological Survey:
Phyto-sociological study of any vegetation, whether tree layer, shrub or herbaceous layer, is an
important aspect of an ecological study, which deals with social interaction of these plant species
among themselves. This study also reflects about the totality of vegetation at any particular site. The
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-36
interaction of species and its totality always varies with space and time lapse and alteration in factors
such as edaphic, climatic and other stresses.
The stratified random sampling approach was followed for phyto-sociological survey in the present
study. The phyto-sociological data from these forests were quantitatively analysed to work out the
diversity, evenness, dominance, importance value, Frequency, basal area and stand density. The
details are presented in Annexure VI(c).
Interpretation of Phyto-sociological study of vegetation
The IVI table for trees indicates that the Tectona grandis (Teak) is the sole dominant species in the area
with Terminalia tomentosa, Anogeissus latifolia as almost the second dominant species in Reserve Forest
in the study area. Whereas, in core zone (Mine Lease) area observed that predominant species of Annona
squamosa (Sitafal), Zizypus sp., babool and Palash grown in the form of under tree with stunted
vegetation.
Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of
plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its
strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of
biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any
threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants except Pterocarpus marsupium (Bija) Near
Threatened (NT) (observed in buffer zone) as per Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2017;
BSI, 2003).
Endemic Plants of the Study Area
De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic
unit, especially a species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding
region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species none are
assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
Aquatic Plant Diversity:
Kanhan River is passing through the study area, in particular hydrophytes were studied Kanhan river
stretch studied within study area. The study area is also having few fresh water ponds. The water
bodies observed in low lying areas exist with patches of marshy depressions and swamps as well as
perennial water bodies of varying shape, size and depth.
The aquatic plant species belongs to diverse habits and have distinctive characteristics provides
perching grounds for various birds. Total 10 aquatic species have been identified and they can be
described into following broad Categories.
Free floating hydrophytes: Eichhornia cressipes, Lemna minor.
Suspended submersed hydrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Utricularia sp.
Anchored submerged hydrophytes: Hydrilla verticillata & Potamogeton crispus.
Anchored hydrophytes with floating shoots: Ipomea aquatica.
Emergent amphibious hydrophytes: Sagittaria latifolia.
Rooted hydrophytes with floating leaves: Nilumbo nucifera
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-37
3.1 PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Few Photographs of Mine Lease Area
Tawny coster (Acraea terpsicore) observed on Tridax
procumbens herb.
Red Vented Bulbul
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-38
Sqamosa annona abunduntly observed within core
and buffer zone of the study area
Interaction with villagers with forest area
Mongoose observed within buffer zone Green Bee Eater
Fauna in the study area
The 10 km radius study area is home to several species of Mammals, Reptiles, Aves and other lower
invertebrates. As earlier described, the study area has about 16.57% of forest in the study area; the
top carnivore not observed in the study area either directs or indirect evidences but its existence in
the buffer area were taken in consideration as Sitagondi Reserve forest is a part of study area. During
the site survey, indirect evidences in the form of pellets of Bluebull, Cheetal, Barking Deer, Indian
gazelle, Hanuman langur were observed in reserve forest of the study area. Among the reported
species no Schedule I species were observed in Core Area.
Birds can be observed throughout the study area but mostly located near forest area and water
bodies. Reptiles and amphibians are also observed in the study area. Fresh water fish are found in
the river (Kanhan River), ponds and streams. fauna which are observed and enquiry from local
people of the study provided in Annexure VI(d).
Assessment of fauna and avi-fauna.
Faunal Biodiversity of the Study Area
For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to Mammals, Reptiles,
Birds, Butterfly and Fishes species, a baseline survey was conducted in Post monsoon season 2017.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-39
Fishes from the Study Area:
The Kanhan River is a tributary of the Wainganga River of central India. It is passing through the
study area. Kanhan River is about 3.75 Km in East direction from the mine lease area. Species of
Fishes mainly observed in Kanhan River are confirmed through the consultative approach with
villagers and documented in Annexure VI(b).
List out endangered and endemic species as per the schedule of the Wildlife Protection Act,
1972
Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of
plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its
strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of
biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any
threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants except Pterocarpus marsupium (Bija) Near
Threatened (NT) (observed in buffer zone) as per Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2017;
BSI, 2003).
Endemic Plants of the Study Area
De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic
unit, especially a species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding
region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species none are
assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
Rare and Endangered fauna of the study area:
As per Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide for the
protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or
incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental security of the
country.Some of the sighted fauna were given protection by the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act,
1972 by including them in different schedules.
As per IUCN RED (2013) list
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of
plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its
strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of
biological diversity.
Among reported species Schedule I/Endangered/Vunerable/Near Threatened Species observed in
the buffer zone are presented below:
In Mammals: Gazella bennettii (Indian gazelle) and in Avifauna: Aves Pavo Cristatus (Indian Peafawl)
are Schedule I species observed in the buffer zone.
3.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
3.7.1 Reconnaissance
The proposed of manganese mining project site is located in Kawatha village boundary, Saoner
taluka, district Nagpur. Saoner taluka is a town and tehsil headquarter in north part of Nagpur district
in state of Maharashtra.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-40
Manganese, it is an essential agent in steel & ferro alloys, metal manufacturing & as well as
manganese base chemicals. The Proposed manganese mine will help to fulfil the demand of
manganese in industrial sector.
3.7.2 Methodology adopted for the study
Desk research is the major methodology adopted for the study which involves researching,
compiling and analysing the data. The 10 km radius study area map
Sociological aspect including human settlements, demography, and infrastructure aspect for
education, health, drinking water, power supply, communication and the land use aspect has
been collected compiled and analysed with the help of Primary abstract census data 2011 &
District census handbook 2011 of Maharshtra state.
The details of the study area contain points as follows
Demographic details
Employment details
Infrastructure facilities
Landuse details
Survey observations
Opinion & awareness regarding project
Quality of life
3.7.3 Demographic highlights of the study area
The demographic aspects of the study area comprises of the various features of the population
across to the study area. The population composition is described here in term of basic demographic
features like, house hold status, age, social composition, education, etc. The distribution of population
has been reflected here based on the geographic boundaries.
Dwelling units explain the geographical composition of the area. The table depicts the number of
villages within the 10 km radius area from the project site. The 10 km radial map covers total 30
villages,30 villages from Savner Tehsil District Nagpur in Maharshtra State Details are presented in
Annexure VII(a). Population size of the villages is given in Table 3.7.1
TABLE 3.7.1
POPULATION SIZE VILLAGE WISE
Sr. No Population size 0-10 km In %
1 < 50 1 3.33
2 50-99 2 6.67
3 100-199 0 0.00
4 200-499 4 13.33
5 500-1999 21 70.00
6 2000-4999 1 3.33
7 5000-9000 1 3.33
Total 30 100%
Source: Primary census abstract 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharshtra
Above given table shows population size of the village‟s. Most of the villages had population size in
between 500-1999.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-41
TABLE 3.7.2
POPULATION DETAILS IN THE STUDY AREA
Zones
Total
househol
d
Total
Population Total Male
Total
Female
Total
0-6 child
Total
SC
Total
ST
0-10
km 7034 29968 15326 14642 3013 5381 2935
Source: Primary census abstract 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharashtra
Note: No_ HH: Number of household, TOT_P: Total population, TOT_M: Total Male, TOT_F: Total
female, P_06: Population 0-6, M_06: Male 0-6, F_06: Female 0-6, P_SC: Population SC, P_ST:
Population ST
3.7.3.1 Population details
Total 7034 household residing in the study area and average family size was 4 persons in per
family
Total population in the study area was 29968
Total male population was 15326
Total female population was 14642
Total 0-6 child population was 3013
Total Scheduled Cast population was 5381 (17.96%) of total population
Total tribal Scheduled Cast population was 2935 (9.79%) of total population
Population details are shown in Table 3.7.2
3.7.3.2 Details of sex ratio in the study area
The sex ratio is the ratio of female to male in the population (normalize to 1000). The sex ratio in the
study area showed unevenly distributed trends. Overall sex ratio is 955 female to thousand male.
Child 0-6 sex ratio was 939 female to 1000 male. In SC category 943 female ST category and 966
female to 1000 male Details are presented in Figure 3.7.1
FIGURE 3.7.1: SEX RATIO IN THE STUDY AREA
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Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-42
3.7.3.3 Details of literacy rate
TABLE 3.7.3
LITERATE & ILLITERATE POPULATION IN THE STUDY AREA
Zones P_LIT M_LIT F_LIT P_ILL M_ILL F_ILL
0-10 km 21926 12138 9788 8042 3188 4854
Source: Primary census abstract 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharashtra
Note: P_LIT: Population Literate, M_LIT: Male Literate, F_LIT: Female Literate, P_IL Population
Illiterate, M_ILL: Male Illiterate, F_ILL: Female Illiterate
Literacy Details
Total literate population was 21926 (73%)
Out of total literate population male literate population was 12138 (56%)
Out of total literate population female literate population was 9788 (44%)
Total illiterate population 8042 (27%)
From the above given data, it is revealed that illiterate rate is improving in the study area.
(73%) population is literate in the study area. Literacy rate is given in Table 3.7.3 and literacy
rate is given in Figure 3.7.2
FIGURE 3.7.2: LITERACY RATE IN THE STUDY AREA
3.7.4 Details of employment pattern
The identification of the current economic characteristics of the study area is also an important part of
defining the employment pattern of the study area.
There are different types of employment pattern that may be classified as: Persons who had worked
for at least six months or 183 days are classfied as main workers and persons classied as marginal
workers who had participated in any economic or productive activity for less than six months or 183
days during the last one year. Non workers are those who had not worked any time in the year.
Employment pattern in the study area is given in Table 3.7.4 and main worker employment pattern is
given in Table 3.7.5, Figure 3.7.3 Details are presented in Annexure VII(b).
TABLE 3.7.4
EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA
Zones Total Workers Total main Workers Total Marginal Workers Total Non-Workers
0-10 km 15859 13544 2315 14109
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Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-43
Source: Primary census abstract 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharashtra
According to census 2011, total worker population was 15859 (52.92%) of total population in
the study area
Main worker population was 13544 (45.19%)
Total marginal worker population was 2315 (7.72%)
Total non-worker population was 14109 (47.08%)
Above given statistics indicates that non worker population are more than working population.
FIGURE 3.7.3 EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA
TABLE 3.7.5
MAIN WORKERS EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA
Zones Cultivators Agricultural workers Household industry workers Main other workers
0-10 km 4192 7226 192 1934
Source: Primary census abstract 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharashtra
According to census 2011, out of total main workers, 4192 (30.95%) were cultivator workers
7226 (53.35%) workers engaged in agricultural workers
Total 192 (1.42%) were involved in household industry related work
Other working population was 1934 (14.28%)
Above statistics indicates that most of the workers were engaged in other works eg. Private job,
labour work, business etc.
3.7.5 Infrastructures facilities
The socio-economic wellbeing of the area and its people is represented by the infrastructure and the
social assets available in the area. The study area constituted of various infrastructures related to
education, health care, communication, transportation, drinking water etc. All details of infrastructure
facilities are given in Annexure VI(c) and Figure 3.7.4
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Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-44
FIGURE 3.7.4: INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES IN THE STUDY AREA IN PERCENTAGE
Baseline data on land-use was generated using information available with census data, which
is presented in details in Annexure-VII(d). Details of land use pattern of the study area are given
in Table 3.7.6 The following prominent land use classes have been observed in the study area.
TABLE 3.7.6 LAND USE PATTERN (In ha)
S.N
o
Zo
ne
To
tal
Ge
og
rap
hic
al
Are
a
Fo
res
t A
rea
Are
a u
nd
er
No
n-
Ag
ric
ult
ura
l U
ses
Ba
rre
n &
Un
-
cu
ltiv
ab
le L
an
d
Are
a
Pe
rma
ne
nt
Pa
stu
res a
nd
Oth
er
Gra
zin
g
Lan
d A
rea
L
an
d U
nd
er
Mis
cell
an
eo
us
Tre
e C
rop
s
Cu
ltu
rab
le W
as
te
Lan
d
Fall
ow
s L
an
d
oth
er
than
Cu
rre
nt
Fallo
ws
Are
a
Cu
rre
nt
Fallo
ws
Are
a
Ne
t A
rea
So
wn
To
tal
10 k
m
147
25
.34
162
8.6
8
687
.99
551
.68
482
.89
141
.07
553
.88
529
.36
855
.85
929
3.9
4
Source: District census handbook 2011, District Nagpur, State Maharshtra.
3.7.5.1 Forest land
This includes all land classified either as forest under any legal enactment, or administered as forest,
whether State-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land. The
area of crops raised in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for grazing within the forests
remain included under the “forest area”. Forest area occupies about 1628.68 hectares (11.06%) of
total land.
3.7.5.2 Area under non-agricultural Uses
This includes all land occupied by buildings, roads and railways or under water, e.g. rivers and
canals, and other land put to uses other than agriculture. 687.99 hectares (4.67%) hectare land was
comes under non-agricultural uses.
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-45
3.7.5.3 Barren & un-cultivable land area
This includes all land covered by mountains, deserts, etc. Land, which cannot be brought under
cultivation except at an exorbitant cost is classified as un culturable whether such land is in isolated
blocks or within cultivated holdings. 551.68 hectare (3.75 %) of total land was under this category.
3.7.5.4 Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Land Area
This includes all grazing land whether it is permanent pasture/meadows or not. Village common
grazing land is included under this category. 482.89 hectares (3.28%) land comes under this
category.
3.7.5.5 Culturable Waste Land
This includes land available for cultivation, whether taken up or not taken up for cultivation once, but
not cultivated during the last five years or more in succession including the current year for some
reason or the other. Such land may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles, which are not
put to any use. They may be accessible or inaccessible and may lie in isolated blocks or within
cultivated holdings. 553.88 hectare (3.76%) land included in this category
3.7.5.6 Fallow Lands other than Current Fallows
This includes all land, which was taken up for cultivation but is temporarily out of cultivation for a
period of not less than one year and not more than five years. 529.36 hectare (3.59%) land comes in
this category.
3.7.5.7 Current Fallow Land
This represents cropped area, which is kept fallow during the current year. In this category total
855.85 hectare land (5.81%) was under current fallow land
3.7.5.8 Net Area Sown
This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sowed more than once in the
same year is counted only once. 9293.94 hectare (63.12%) land was under net sown area in the study
area.
FIGURE 3.7.5: LAND USE PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-46
3.7.6 Socio-economic survey methodology
The study was carried out with a participatory approach by involving the stakeholders, particularly the
project beneficiaries and probable affected persons through a series of consultative process. The
population groups that were consulted include beneficiary group of people in the project influence
area, particularly the shopkeepers, farmers, school teachers, gram panchayat Sarpanch/members
and village leaders etc. This has helped to know the exact situation and views of the people about the
project.
Proportionate and purposive sampling methods were used for selecting respondents (male and
female) for household survey. For official information of village, Sarpanch/Gram Panchyat member
has been chosen. Structured questionnaire were used for survey. For group discussion, Panchyat
bhavan, Aanganwadi bhavan, community halls were used. Household survey & group discussion.
Out of total 30 villages total 7(20%) were surveyed. Village list of surveyed villages is given in list of
surveyed villages is given in Table 3.7.7
TABLE 3.7.7
LIST OF SURVEYED VILLAGES
Sr. No Villages
1 Kawatha
2 Kelwad
3 Parsodi
4 Sonpur
5 Khursapar
6 Dudhbardi
7 Raibasa
Source: Primary survey executed by Anacon socio-economic survey team
3.7.7 Salient observation of the survey / study area
House pattern: Types of housing varied from thatched to pucca (pakka) houses 60% houses
were in pucca (pakka) form,30% in semi pakka and 10% houses were observed in kaccha
form
Employment: Main occupation in the study area was agriculture and Labour Work its allied
activities eg. Cattle rearing, dairy farming etc. Other income generation sources of the area,
small business; private jobs etc. The labours were getting daily wags in the range of 250-350
Rs, depending on type of work they set
Fuel: The primary sources of cooking fuel were LPG, cow dung and coal etc.
Main crops: The principal crops grown in agricultural farm were wheat, Soyabeans, Cotton, onion, potato and Vegetables etc. During discussion with villagers/farmers it was revealed that crop productivity of the study area is good and two to three times multi crop production was performing in the study area.
Migration from other states: During survey it was found that local population were not
migrating for employment purpose, they prefer only local employment
Language: Official language Marathi as well as mother tongue Marathi of the study area
Sanitation: Toilet facility is one of the most basic facilities required in a house. It was
observed that more than 80% of the households were having toilet facilities in their houses.
There was proper drainage line in the villages.
Drinking water Facilities: During the survey it was observed diverse sources of drinking
water supply in villages. Major source of drinking water in the study area were hand pumps,
tap water and dug wells and canal. During survey people from some villages in core zone
reported Water Quality are not good and shortage in summer season
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-47
Education facilities: Most of the villages had education facilities in the form of aanganwadi
and primary schools. Higher education facilities were available in the range of 3-5 km.
Colleges and other diploma courses were available at Savner and Nagpur city.
Transportation facility: For transportation purpose auto, jeep and private bus services were
available in the study area; however villagers reported that transportation facilities were not
frequently available. Private vehicles like bicycles & motor cycles were also used by villagers
for transportation purpose.
Road connectivity: Most of the roads were pucca and the very few pucca roads were badly
in need of repair and maintenance. More than half the households reported that roads they
frequently used were semi pucca
Communication facilities: For communication purpose mainly mobile phones, news papers
& post offices were present in the villages
Medical facilities: There were healthcare facilities available in the study area. In some of the
villages primary health sub centres were available. Hospitals and other better health centres
were available in the range of 5-10 km at town/city place
Electricity: All villages were availing electricity facility for domestic and agriculture purposes.
Solar Street lights were seen in some of the villages.
Gram Panchyat facility: Most of the villages were having gram panchayat building and
Community halls and building found well maintained. Some of the villages are having female
Sarpanch, it indicates that they are in good number and also taking interest in politics. But
they are unaware about their rights
Market facility: Study area was predominantly rural. In villages, small shops were available
for daily need things. Weekly market facility was available in some villages. Wholesale market
was available at Savner and Nagpur city
Recreation facilities: Television and radio are the main recreation facilities in the study area.
News paper/magazine facilities are also used by villagers.
3.7.8 Awareness and opinion of the respondents about the project
Public opinion is the aggregate of individual attitudes or beliefs. It is very important to take opinion of
the villagers about the project. The awareness will not only promote community participation but also
enable them to understand the importance of the project and encourage them to express there view.
To know the awareness and opinion of the villagers about the project, group discussion, meeting with
school teachers/village leaders were carried out in the study area.
Almost all respondents were aware about the Kawtha Manganese Project area but they were
unaware about the project activity.
Major problems in study area are drinking water and employment opportunities. Village leaders
suggested the development in needy areas which will improve village conditions.
While giving information about project of Kawtha respondents gave positive opinion and they strongly
believe that it will help to develop quality of life in the study area with employment opportunities.
3.7.9 Quality of life
Definition of Quality of life
Quality of life (QoL) is a term, which indicates overall status of socio-economic environment in a given
area. Quality of life (QoL) is defined as a function between “objective conditions” and “subjective
attitudes” involving a defined “area” of concern
Quality of life index is based on a unique methodology that links the results of subjective life
satisfaction surveys to the objective determinants of quality of life across countries. The “objective
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Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-48
conditions” are defined as numerically measurable artifacts of a physical, sociological event or
economic event. Objective conditions may be defined as any number, which stands for a given
quantity of a variable of interest so long as it is independent of subjective opinion. Subjective attitude”
is primarily concerned with affective and cognitive dimensions. It is specifically concerned with „how
aspects of cognition vary as objective conditions vary.
Once objective measures are obtained for each factor, they are transformed to a normal scale varying
from 0 to 1 (value function curve) in which 0 corresponds to the lowest or least satisfaction.
Actuary measure and 1 corresponds to the highest satisfaction level. The weights are assigned to
each factor by ranked-pair wise technique (by the expert group) based on the secondary data and
general observations.
For each objective measure, a corresponding subjective measure is developed for each individual of
the sample population by asking him to rate his satisfaction scale (value function curve). In addition, it
is used such that 0 corresponds to the lowest level of attitudinal satisfaction and 1 corresponds to the
highest level of satisfaction. Weights are assigned to each factor using ranked - pair wise comparison
techniques.
The Socio-economic Indicators for QoL Assessment are:
1. Income
2. Employment and Working Conditions
3. Housing
4. Food
5. Clothing
6. Water Supply
7. Sanitation
8. Health
9. Energy & Fuel
10. Transportation
11. Communication
12. Education
13. Environment and Pollution
14. Recreation
15. Social Security
16. Human Rights
Subjective QoL calculations are as follows:
QoL(s) = 1/p QIij X Wi
i =1 j=1
Where,
QoL(s) = Subjective quality of life index
p = No. of respondents, j = 1, ......, p
m = No. of factors, i = 1... m
QIij = Subjective quality index for ith factor assigned by jth respondent
Qiij = Subjective quality index for ith factor assigned by all respondents in an area
Wi = Relative weightage of the ith factor
Objective QoL calculations are as follows:
i=n
QoL(o) = QIi X Wi
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 3- Description of the Environment 3-49
i=1
Where,
QoL (o) = Objective quality of life index
n = No. of QoL Factors
i = 1... n
QIi = Satisfaction level (assigned by the expert group) for the ith objective indicator
Wi = Normalized weight for its factor
The cumulative index of QoL calculations is as follows:
QoL(c) = QoL o + QoL s
2
Thus, the average QoL index values are estimated as:
QoL (s) = 0.56
QoL (o) = 0.57
QoL (c) = 0.57
The average QoL index value for the study area is leading to satisfactory level due to satisfactory
educational facilities, health facility and better road condition. Sanitation, employment and
transportation facilities were inadequate in the study area; improvement in these areas is needed for
increasing the quality of life.
3.7.10 Interpretation
Socioeconomic survey was carried out to know the infrastructural activities amenities available within
10 km radius from Project Site. The information regarding facilities available and the opinion of the
people was sought by floating questionnaires and interaction with the people. This is done for
observing the impact due to the project wrt social aspects so that proper actions / measures could be
taken up for the benefit of the people (economically and wrt quality of life) and the project. Being
export oriented project, the capital investments will add to national exchequer and revenue
generation.
CHAPTER-4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-1
4.0: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
This chapter provides overview of the potential impacts on various environmental components due to
the proposed Kawatha Manganese mining project by manual opencast mining method.
The opencast mining operations involve development of benches, haul roads, blasting, excavation
and loading and unloading and transportation of materials. If adequate control measures are not
taken to prevent/mitigate the adverse environmental impacts, these operations may cause
environmental degradation and ultimately lead to irreversible damage to the ecosystem.
Various environmental impacts, which are identified due to the proposed mining project, are
discussed in the following sections:
4.1 Anticipated Impacts on Land Environment
4.1.1 Impact on topography, drainage pattern and land use
Mining lease of Kawatha Manganese Mine over 26.67 ha area in villages Kawatha, Saoner Tehsil,
Nagpur District. This is proposed mine and will be operated as a manual opencast method of mining
to produce to produce 2732 TPA graded Manganese Ore.
There is no forest land involved in the mine lease area. The Kawatha Manganese Mine lease area
comprised of an undulated area with maximum elevation of 390 m MSL and lowest elevation of 342
m MSL. Due to mining operations, mine pits and surface dumps will be developed within the mine
lease area. The existing topography of the mine lease area will be altered due to the proposed mining
operations. However, there will not be any changes in the topography of the area located outside the
mine lease area as all the mining activities will be conducted within mine lease area only.
There is no perennial surface water stream or nallah or any kind of water bodies are in existence
except two small seasonal gullies developed due to rain water within mine lease area. Storm water
run-off/ drainage of the proposed area is simple in nature and during rainy season controlled by
seasonal gullies which are joining to Kawatha nallah which ultimately meets to the Kanhan River. As
the proposed mining activity method is manual, the existing drainage pattern of the mine lease area
will be unaltered. It is to be noted that above mentioned two seasonal gullies are adjacent to float Mn
ore (up to 0.8m) deposits which will be picked up manually & no blasting will be done to mine the float
ore.
The proposed land use plan of the mine lease area is given in Table 4.1.
TABLE 4.1:
PRESENT AND PROPOSED LAND USE OF THE MINE LEASE AREA
Sl.
No. Description Present Land Use Area in Ha
At The End Of Plan Period First
five years Area in Ha
1 Area under Pits 0.040( Mined by local people) 0.2544
2 Dumping of top soil Nil 0.0510
3 Area under reject Dumps Nil 0.3600
4 Storage of Mineralized rejects Nil 0.0400
5 Storage of Ore Nil 0.1000
6 Shed/Building Nil 0.0200
7 Road Nil 0.1600
8 Plantation Nil 0.2850
9 Area Undisturbed 26.63 25.3995
Total 26.67 26.67
(Source: Approved scheme of Mining, Conceptual Plan)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-2
From the above table, it can be seen that at conceptual stage, 0.2544 Ha of the mine lease area will
be covered by mine pits and reject dumps will cover 0.3600 Ha area. About 25.3995 Ha area within
the mine lease area will remain undisturbed.
The mining operations will alter most of the mine lease area into mine pits, surface dumps and other
infrastructure facilities. However, since there is no forest or built-up land in the mine lease area, no
significant impact will be observed on the land use pattern of the mine lease area. There will not be
any changes in the land use pattern outside the mine lease area.
4.1.2 Impact on soil quality and agriculture
During the mining scheme period about 3065.52 Tonnes top soil will be generated. The top soil will
be separately stacked in a surface dump located within the mine lease area will be used for plantation
on the OB/Waste dumps. Up to the conceptual stage of mining, 1.2305 Ha area of the mine lease will
be used for different mining and allied activities. Thus, top soil cover from this area will be affected.
There is no agriculture land within the mine lease area but agricultural land observes along southwest
site of mine lease area. This is small mine and having targeted production is only 2732 TPA. Dust
control measures will be adopted.
4.1.3 Soil erosion
The proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine lease area comprises of undulated terrain and the elevation
of the mine lease area varies from 390 m MSL in the north to 342 m MSL in the south side. Surface
run-off during rainy days flows along the slopes and joins seasonal streams flowing outside the mine
lease area. This run-off may carry silt and loose soil from the area under mining and OB/waste dumps
and may cause siltation of the surface water bodies. Also, the run-off from slopes may erode the soil
cover in the mine lease area if adequate control measures are not adopted.
4.1.4 Measures to prevent soil erosion from core and buffer zones
Soil erosion from the core zone may take place from broken up area, from surface dumps and from
slopes of the undulated terrain. To control soil erosion, following measures will be taken up in the
mine lease area:
Construction of garland drains around the mine pit to divert surface run-off away from the mining
area.
Construction of retention walls and garland drains around toe of the surface dumps to arrest silt
wash off and boulder roll down.
Garland drains will be connected to a series of settling tanks for settling of silt.
Construction of check dams, gully plugs, contour trenches at strategic location at the hillock
slopes to reduce flow of run-off water and control soil erosion.
Development of thick plantation using leguminous plants and grasses on inactive surface dumps,
on the slopes to act as soil binders and control soil erosion.
4.1.5 Subsidence
Mining is being carried out by Manual opencast method of Mining. Hence, subsidence is not
envisaged due to proposed Kawatha Manganese ore mine.
4.1.6 Impact of hazardous wastes and liquids
There is no mineral processing involved in Kawatha Manganese Mine. Explosives will be used for
blasting and will be completely consumed without generating any hazardous waste. Spent Oil and
grease generated from mine machinery will be separately collected and stored in leakage proof
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-3
containers and will be sold to the authorized recycling vendors. No other hazardous wastes will be
generated in the Kawatha Manganese Mine.
4.1.7 Visual Impact on surrounding environment
Opencast mining activities require clearance of existing vegetation, formation of mine pits and surface
dumps, ancillary structures, etc within the mine lease area. This will cause changes in the existing
topography. Also the aesthetic view of the mine lease area will be affected due to creation of mine
pits and dumps, if adequate restoration and rehabilitation measures are not adopted.
4.1.7.1 Plan for restoration/rehabilitation of mined-out area
The mining is likely to be continued up to a depth of mineralization. In case, the depth persistence is
not proved by proposed exploration drilling and the grade is not suitable, the excavation will be
matured for backfilling reclamation. The volume of waste generated shall be dumped at non-
mineralized designated area and will be used for back filling. It will fill up the central part of pit which
will be surrounded by created water body. The water reservoir will be used for villagers for irrigation
/drinking water.
During mining, thick plantation will be carried out along the safety barrier left along mine lease
boundary. This will help in controlling dust and attenuate noise, because stabilization of the loose soil,
control soil erosion and will also improve aesthetic view of the mining area.
The water reservoir developed in the mine pit during conceptual stage will help in recharging ground
water table in the area and will also be useful for the nearby farmers for irrigation purpose.
The waste material generated will be proposed to be dumped in non-mineralized area near the
working pits and height of the dumps shall be maintained about 6 meters in the terracing pattern with
spread out to the desired width to form the stable structures so that the erosion of dumps due to rains
and storms shall be minimum.
4.1.7.2 Plantation/ afforestation of local varieties of plants
Plantation program
It is proposed to plant 570 saplings in 0.2850 Ha area in green belt during the mining scheme period.
During further mining and conceptual plan period, plantation will be carried out on green belt. At
conceptual stage of 5 year plan, total plantation area will cover 0.2850 Ha of the mine lease area.
Apart from this, plantation will also be carried out on benches of mined out pits and partially backfilled
area. Mostly local flora species will be used for plantation in the mine.
The mineral waste will be dumped on one side of the area earmarked for ore staking yard in the non-
mineralized area.
The dumping will be done manually by transporting the mineral waste material from the sorting area
through baskets as head loads through the laborers to the dumping site. The height of these dumps
shall be maintained not more than 3 meters.
The waste material generated will be proposed to be dumped in non-mineralized area near the
working pits and height of the dumps shall be maintained about 6 meters in the terracing pattern with
spread out to the desired width to form the stable structures so that the erosion of dumps due to rains
and storms shall be minimum.
Plantation will be done on these terrace and slopes to stabilize these dumps. Moreover, garland
drain will be constructed along the boundary of these waste dumps. This will help in minimizing
environment pollution and with due course of time these dumps shall develop a blanket of grass.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-4
During the mining operations, plantation will be developed around the mine lease area as green belt.
Also plantation will be carried out in other areas of proposed ML area. This will form a screen to cover
the mine pits and OB/waste dumps. Also, the plantation will help in attenuating noise generated due
to the mining and mineral transport activities.
4.1.7.3 Measures to control and conserve runoff from various locations.
The surface run-off potential within the mine lease area is calculated and is presented in the Table
4.2.
TABLE 4.2:
SURFACE RUN-OFF POTENTIAL IN THE MINE LEASE AREA
Description Area in
Sqm Annual rainfall (m)
Coefficient of
run-off
Annual run-off
potential, m3
Area under pits (Conceptual
stage) 2544 1.091 - 2775.5
Office/builtup area 200 1.091 0.85 185.47
Other open area 7050 1.091 0.25 1922.88
Green belt area 2850 1.091 0.15 466.40
Undisturbed area 254000 1.091 0.25 69278.5
Total 266700
0.6 74628.75
From the above table, it can be seen that about 74628.75 m3/annum storm water will be generated
from the mine lease area. Out of this, storm water from the mine pits will be accumulated in the mine
sump and will be used for dust suppression and plantation in the mine lease area and on approach
roads. This will also help in recharge of the ground water table. Storm water run-off from the other
area will be collected in a settling tank through a network of garland drains. Excess water from the
settling tank, will be supplied to the nearby agriculture users, after ensuring proper settling. Storm
water run-off from the undisturbed area will be allowed to flow outside the mine lease area. However,
silt control measures will be adopted to avoid siltation of the seasonal streams outside the mine lease
area.
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Impact of mineral transportation within and outside the lease.
Manganese ore will be transported by 15 ton capacity trucks/Tippers to the buyer’s location. Mn Ore
will be transported through trucks/Tippers covered with tarpaulin to avoid dust emissions. NH-26B /
SH 19 is located at about ~3.65 km West of the mine lease area. Entire mineral transport will be
carried out through NH-26B / SH 19 and further by connecting roads. As per the production capacity
of 2732 TPA & maximum working days in a year i.e. 250, the production of Mn ore to the tune of
10.92 TPD will require maximum 1 trip/day of 15 ton capacity truck/tipper from mine to the buyer’s
location. There will not be any significant impact on the traffic density on NH-26B / SH 19, also there
will not be any significant increase in air pollution due to the Mn ore transport. NH-26B / SH 19
passes at 3.65 km from the mine lease area.
The NH-26B / SH 19 near to Mine Lease area are well connected by Kawatha-Kelwad village road.
The Mine lease area and nearest Kawatha-Kelwad village road are connected by Kaccha road.
Haulage road will be developed from mine lease area to Kawatha-Kelwad village road thereby it is
connected to NH-26B / SH 19. There is no habitation in or adjacent to the haulage road connecting
mine lease area to the Kawatha Village. The existing roads are sufficient to cater the mineral
transport traffic of 5-10 trips/day and there is no need for construction of new transport roads.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-5
The grade the Mn ore of this mine is suitable for use in making ferro alloys, silico manganese and
other manganese industries. There are several industries such as Universal Ferro Alloys, Tumsar;
M/s. Khandelwal Ferro alloys, Kanhan; Bhilai Steel Plant, Bhilai and ferro alloys plants in Nagpur and
other in Chhattisgarh state are located around the areas, these consumer industries have always in
demand for manganese ore.
FIGURE 4.1: Transport Route
4.2.1 Anticipated Impacts
4.2.1.1 Emission Inventory of RSPM, SO2, NOX, and site specific pollutants.
Due to the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore mining, the major emissions involved include dust
emissions. Some amount of SO2, NOx and CO will be generated due to plying of mine machinery like
compressors, Jack Hammer, etc. and transportation vehicles. However, considering the small
quantity of mining operation and thereby production, the gaseous emissions will be insignificant and
will be diluted and dispersed in the immediate vicinity. The built up of gaseous pollutant in the
atmosphere is not envisaged.
Dust generation is major impact on the ambient air quality of the area due to mining activities &
transport of ore. The dust will be dispersed in the nearby areas. The dust generated due to mining
operations, particulate matter less than 10 micron size are of more significance due to their possibility
of entering in the human body through respiration. The haul roads will be properly developed and will
be maintained periodically. Regular water sprinkling will be carried out on the haul roads to control
dust emissions.
The incremental concentration of PM10 in the nearby areas is estimated using computer modeling
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-6
using ISCST-3 model and is presented in following paragraphs.
No other pollutant emissions are envisaged due to the Proposed Kawatha Manganese ore mining
operations.
4.2.1.2 Prediction of fugitive dust emissions
Dust will be generated during various mining operations like drilling, blasting, loading, unloading,
transport, etc. The emissions of dust from various mining and allied activities are estimated and are
discussed in following paragraphs.
4.2.1.3 Impact of fugitive dust emission on flora and fauna
Impact on terrestrial Flora
Based on past experience, dust deposition on leaf lamina will takes place on nearby plants and
agriculture crops along the transport road which may results in decline the rate of photosynthesis and
retards the plant growth and cause crop damage. However, the magnitude of operation involve will be
limited as it is manual opencast mine having production capacity around 2732 TPA. Thus,
insignificant impact on terrestrial flora envisaged. Control measures like water sprinkling within ML
area will be adopted.
4.2.1.4 Model used for Prediction of Impact on Ambient Air Quality: ISCST3 Dispersion Model
The Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Short Term model provides options to model emissions from a
wide range of sources that might be present at a typical industrial source complex. ISCST3 is US-
EPA approved model to predict the air quality.
The emission rates for the different sources in the mining area were calculated primarily based on
emission factor equation given in latest USEPA’s AP-42 guidelines. Further the emission estimation
equations given in “TSP Emission Factors for different mining activities for Air Quality Impact
Prediction as collated from different Sources” by S P Banerjee and CMRI were also considered since
these are based on the study conducted in India for the estimation of emission rate of respirable
suspended particulate matter from various open cast mining activities.
Drilling
Emissions from drilling are a relatively minor component of the overall emission from an open-cast
mine. E = 0.1 kg / hole in coal AP42 (1998) T 11.9-4.
E = 0.0208[(100− M). s.u.] 0.1(d.f)0.3 g/s M.(s-100) CMRI 2003 p63 Where s = silt content of cuttings, % M = moisture content in % u = mean wind speed, m/s d = hole diameter, mm f = number of holes / day N.B. based on studies in two limestone and three iron ore mines
Loading / Unloading of Material
((
)
(
) ) --- AP42 (Nov 2006)
Where,
E = Emission Factor, kg/ton
k = Particle size multiplier, 0.35 for PM10
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-7
M = Moisture Content, %
u = Mean wind speed, m/s
Transportation
Unpaved in coal mines
E = 2.82 (s/12)0.8 (W/3)0.5 (M/0.2)-0.4 kg/VKT AP 42 (1998) S13.2.2, EET p12
Where s = silt content, %
W = vehicle gross weight, t
M = moisture content in %
VKT = Vehicle kilometers traveled
Blasting
E = 0.00022 x A1.5 kg / blast, AP 42 (1998), EET p38 Where A = area blasted in m2
N.B. The factor is suitable for both O.B. and coal benches
Summary of calculated Emission Rates
TABLE 4.3:
EMISSIONS RATES
A. FOR MANGANESE ORE
Sr. No. Activity Emission Rate (g/s/m2)
PM10 PM2.5
1. Blasting (Mn ore) 0.0080 0.0048
2. Loading/Unloading 1.46576E-05 8.79454E-06
3. Drilling 0.013 0.0083
4. Transportation (uncontrolled) 2.39931E-05 1.43959E-05
5. Transportation (70%Controlled) 1.19966E-05 7.19793E-06
B. FOR OVERBURDEN
Sr.No. Activity Emission Rate (g/s/m2)
PM10 PM2.5
1 Blasting (OB) 0.0086 0.0051
2 Loading/Unloading 1.41341E-05 8.48045E-06
3 Drilling 0.012 0.0076
4 Transportation (uncontrolled) 2.39931E-05 1.43959E-05
5 Transportation (70%Controlled) 1.19966E-05 7.19793E-06
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-8
Meteorological Data
The meteorology of the project area plays very important role in dispersion of pollutants and buildup
of pollution within the atmosphere. In the present study, Post Monsoon (Oct, Nov, Dec)
Meteorological data has been taken to find the dispersion of pollutant concentration. The mixing
height, which is an important parameter to express the dispersive potential of atmosphere, has been
taken from the atlas of hourly mixing height and assimilative capacity of atmosphere in India (S.D.
Attri et al., 2008). Predominant wind direction for post monsoon season (2017) is East, North and
East North East. Wind rose diagram of Post monsoon season is used for modeling is shown given
below in Figure 4.2.
FIGURE 4.2: WINDROSE DIAGRAM FOR POST MONSOON SEASON 2017
Incremental Rise in Concentrations
Incremental rise in concentrations due to various mining activities in the present case, a model
simulation was carried out for study period for incremental rise of ground level concentration (GLC).
The maximum incremental rise of ground level concentration (GLC) for ROM and Overburden
particulate matter generated from the different activities in the mining areas is carried out. The
predicted 24 hourly maximum concentrations of PM10 for ROM mining activity like drilling,
loading/unloading & transportation (controlled and uncontrolled) and blasting, was found to be 3.6
μg/m3, 4.8 μg/m3, 0.25 μg/m3, in the WSW & SW and SW directions respectively and depicted in
Table 4.4. The predicted 24 hourly maximum concentrations of PM10 for Overburden mining activity
like drilling, loading/unloading, & transportation (controlled and uncontrolled) and blasting, was found
to be 4.0 μg/m3, 5.6 μg/m3, 0.27 μg/m3, in the WSW & SW and SW directions respectively and
depicted in Table 4.4. The predicted 24 hourly maximum concentrations of PM2.5 for ROM mining
activity like drilling, loading/unloading & transportation (controlled and uncontrolled) and blasting, was
found to be 2.3 μg/m3, 2.9 μg/m3, 0.15 μg/m3. The predicted 24 hourly maximum concentrations of
PM2.5 for Overburden mining activity like drilling, loading/unloading, & transportation (controlled and
uncontrolled) and blasting, was found to be 2.5 μg/m3, 3.4 μg/m3, 0.16 μg/m3, in the WSW & SW and
SW directions respectively and depicted in Table 4.4. The isopleths representing the GLCs of
Particulate Matter are shown in Figures 4.3 to 4.14.
TABLE 4.4
MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-9
Sr.
No.
Activity in the Quarry Maximum Incremental
GLCs (g/m3) at core area
Direction Distance
(km)
PM10 PM2.5
1. Overall Activities: Controlled for Mn
ore: (Drilling, Loading/unloading and
Haul road transportation)
3.6 2.3 WSW & SW
1.4
2. Overall Activities: Uncontrolled Mn
ore: (Drilling, Loading/unloading and
Haul road transportation)
4.8 2.9
3. Mn ore: Blasting 0.25 0.15 SW
4. Overall Activities: Controlled
Overburden: (Drilling,
Loading/unloading and Haul road
transportation)
4.0 2.5 WSW & SW
5. Overall Activities: Uncontrolled
Overburden: (Drilling,
Loading/unloading and Haul road
transportation)
5.6 3.4
6. Overburden: Blasting 0.27 0.16 SW
Figure 4.3: Incremental GLC of PM10 for
Overall Activities (ROM: Controlled)
Figure 4.4: Incremental GLC of PM10 for
Overall Activities (ROM: Uncontrolled)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-10
Figure 4.5: Incremental GLC of PM10 for
Blasting (ROM)
Figure 4.6: Incremental GLC of PM10 for
Overall Activities (OB: Controlled)
Figure 4.7: Incremental GLC of PM10 for
Overall Activities (OB: Uncontrolled) Figure 4.8: Incremental GLC of PM10
for Blasting (OB)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-11
Figure 4.9: Incremental GLC of PM2.5 for
Overall Activities (ROM: Controlled)
Figure 4.10: Incremental GLC of PM2.5 for
Overall Activities (ROM: Uncontrolled)
Figure 4.11: Incremental GLC of PM2.5 for
Blasting (ROM)
Figure 4.12: Incremental GLC of PM2.5 for
Overall Activities (OB: Controlled)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-12
Figure 4.13: Incremental GLC of PM2.5 for
Overall Activities (OB: Uncontrolled) Figure 4.14: Incremental GLC of PM2.5
for Blasting (OB)
TABLE 4.5
STACK DETAILS
Sr.
No.
Stack attached
to
Height
(m)
Top
Dia
(m)
Exit
Temp
(°C)
Exit
Velocity
(m/s)
Volumetric
Flow
(Nm3/hr)
PM10 SO2 NO2
(gm/sec)
1. DG sets (40 KVA,
1 No.)
5 0.15 170 15 641.59 0.001 7.02222E-
05
0.035
TABLE 4.6
SHORT TERM MODELLING RESULTS
Activity Pollutant Incremental concentration
(g/m3)
Distance
(km) Direction
DG set 40
KVA
Particulate
Matter
0.026 1.4 WSW and
SW
SO2 0.0018
NO2 0.9
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-13
FIGURE 13: INCREMENTAL RISE OF
PARTICULATE MATTER FOR DG SET
FIGURE 14: INCREMENTAL RISE OF SO2 FOR
DG SET
FIGURE 15: INCREMENTAL RISE OF NO2 FOR
DG SET
Case 1: Resultant Concentration Levels (ROM, OB and DG set)
The resultant concentration levels of PM2.5 (controlled, uncontrolled), PM10 (controlled,
uncontrolled), SO2 and NO2 were presented in Table 4.7. The resultant concentration levels (Ambient
+ incremental concentration) reveals that the concentration levels occurring 32.91μg/m3, 34.41μg/m3,
92.75μg/m3, 95.55/m3, 13.802μg/m3, 20.7μg/m3 in the WSW and SW directions at distance 1.4 km,
which is found to be below the ambient air quality standards. Hence it is inferred that considering total
concentration levels, the pollution load exerted due to mining activity will be insignificant.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-14
TABLE 4.7
AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTION
Sr.
No.
Pollutant Baseline
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Distance
GLC
Incremental
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Total
GLC
(μg/m3)
Prescribed
Standard
1 (a) PM2.5 (controlled) 27.8 1.4 5.11 32.91 60
1(b) PM2.5
(uncontrolled)
27.8 1.4 6.61 34.41 60
2 (a) PM10(controlled) 84.6 1.4 8.15 92.75 100
2(b) PM10(uncontrolled) 84.6 1.4 10.95 95.55 100
3 SO2 13.8 1.4 0.0018 13.802 80
4 NO2 19.8 1.4 0.9 20.7 80
Case 2: Resultant Concentration Levels (ROM and DG set)
The resultant concentration levels of PM2.5 (controlled, uncontrolled), PM10 (controlled,
uncontrolled), SO2 and NO2 were presented in Table 4.8. The resultant concentration levels (Ambient
+ incremental concentration) reveals that the concentration levels occurring 30.25μg/m3, 30.85μg/m3,
88.48μg/m3, 89.68 μg/m3, 13.802μg/m3, 20.7μg/m3 in the WSW and SW directions at distance 1.4 km,
which is found to be below the ambient air quality standards. Hence it is inferred that considering total
concentration levels, the pollution load exerted due to mining activity will be insignificant.
TABLE 4.8
AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTION
Sr.
No.
Pollutant Baseline
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Distance
GLC
Incremental
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Total
GLC
(μg/m3)
Prescribed
Standard
1 (a) PM2.5 (controlled) 27.8 1.4 2.45 30.25 60
1(b) PM2.5
(uncontrolled)
27.8 1.4 3.05 30.85 60
2 (a) PM10(controlled) 84.6 1.4 3.88 88.48 100
2(b) PM10(uncontrolled) 84.6 1.4 5.08 89.68 100
3 SO2 13.8 1.4 0.0018 13.802 80
4 NO2 19.8 1.4 0.9 20.7 80
Case 3: Resultant Concentration Levels (OB and DG set)
The resultant concentration levels of PM2.5 (controlled, uncontrolled), PM10 (controlled,
uncontrolled), SO2 and NO2 were presented in Table 4.9. The resultant concentration levels (Ambient
+ incremental concentration) reveals that the concentration levels occurring 30.46μg/m3, 31.36μg/m3,
88.9μg/m3, 90.5 μg/m3, 13.802μg/m3, 20.7μg/m3 in the WSW and SW directions at distance 1.4 km,
which is found to be below the ambient air quality standards. Hence it is inferred that considering total
concentration levels, the pollution load exerted due to mining activity will be insignificant.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-15
TABLE 4.9
AIR QUALITY IMPACT PREDICTION
Sr.
No.
Pollutant Baseline
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Distance
GLC
Incremental
Concentration
(μg/m3)
Total
GLC
(μg/m3)
Prescribed
Standard
1 (a) PM2.5 (controlled) 27.8 1.4 2.66 30.46 60
1(b) PM2.5
(uncontrolled)
27.8 1.4 3.56 31.36 60
2 (a) PM10(controlled) 84.6 1.4 4.30 88.9 100
2(b) PM10(uncontrolled) 84.6 1.4 5.90 90.5 100
3 SO2 13.8 1.4 0.0018 13.802 80
4 NO2 19.8 1.4 0.9 20.7 80
Conclusion
From the results of ISCST3 model, it is concluded that the cumulative worst case concentration of
PM10 and PM 2.5 due to without any control measures mining activities are complying with the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS 2009). The concentrations of SO2 and NO2
generated from mining area expected to be low due to 40 KVA DG set only. It should be noted that
the predicted concentrations are within mining area due to simultaneous operations of mines. The
overall impact on air quality due to proposed mining project under uncontrolled condition is predicted
within standard. However, to further minimize the pollutant concentration especially particulate matter,
the following control measure should be adopted by the project proponent
Controlled and Wet drilling and blasting
Water spray on haul roads to avoid dust generation during transportation.
Water spray at truck loading and un-loading of materials
Covering of material when transport through trucks/dumper
All transportation will be undertaken along pre-designated routes
Provision of dust extractor and water spraying in drills and other equipment where possible.
Sufficient time lag between movement of two truck to allow settling of dust
All vehicle to comply the emission norms
4.2.2 Mitigation Measures
4.2.2.1 Measures to reduce the emissions of pollutants during mining, loading, unloading,
transportation, drilling, blasting etc. to maintain the air quality
To minimize and control dust generation during various mining activities, the following air pollution
control measures will be adopted in the mine:
Development of thick green belt in 7.5 m safety barrier along the mine lease boundary.
Removal of vegetation from virgin area, only when immediately required for mining.
Adoption of wet drilling/ drills with dust arrestors to control dust generation during drilling.
Water sprinkling on mine benches during loading of OB & mineral
Blasting to be avoided during high winds and overcast conditions.
Controlled blasting using delay detonators will be adopted.
Avoiding secondary blasting by use of rock breakers.
Periodic maintenance of tippers/dumpers and mine machinery.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-16
Periodic maintenance of haul roads
Regular water sprinkling on haul roads and mineral transport roads.
Plantation on inactive dump slopes and stabilization of completed dumps by thick plantation.
Provision of fixed water sprinkling arrangement at crusher
Transport of Graded Mn ore to the buyers location through trucks covered with tarpaulin.
Provision of dust masks to all the workers exposed to dusty mining operations
Periodic monitoring of ambient air quality in the mine lease area and in nearby villages to assess
the efficacy of air pollution control measures.
4.2.2.2 Adoption scientific mining methods to reduce dust emission from point and line source
Scientific methods of mining and pollution control systems will be adopted in the mine to control dust
emissions from point and line sources, as follows:
Point Source: These includes drilling, blasting, loading, unloading, manual sizing and grading
activities
Adoption of wet drilling/ drills with dust arrestors to control dust generation during drilling.
Blasting to be avoided during high winds and overcast conditions.
Controlled blasting using delay detonators will be adopted.
Avoiding secondary blasting by use of rock breakers.
Water sprinkling on blasted material before loading.
Reducing dropping height of excavator bucket while loading material into dumpers/tippers.
Reducing dropping height for trucks during unloading.
Provision of fixed water sprinkling arrangement at crusher.
Line Source: These includes Haul roads & approach roads
Development of plantation along approach road.
Periodic maintenance of tippers/dumpers used for OB & Mineral transport.
Periodic maintenance of haul roads
Blacktopping/ paving of approach road connecting the mine lease area to NH-26B / SH 19
Regular water sprinkling on haul roads.
Transport of Graded Mn ore to the buyers location through trucks covered with tarpaulin.
4.2.2.3 Planned green belt development
It is proposed to develop thick green belt in the 7.5 m wide safety barrier zone around the mine lease
area. Total area under green belt will be 0.2850 Ha. Thick plantation will be developed using local
flora species in this zone.
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
4.3.1 Anticipated Impacts
4.3.1.1 Impact on groundwater regime/streams / lake / springs due to mining
In the mining lease area there is no stream or nallah or any other kind of water bodies are in
existence only gullies are formed due to surface run-off during monsoon period and it will be kept
intact during course of mining activities. Kanhan River is about 2.66 km at NE side of study area
forms the major drainage of the study area. Khekara Nala is also one of major water which is located
at 6.54 km in NE side of proposed ML area. Apart from these, there are numerous other first order
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-17
and second order seasonal streams in the study area that carries the surface run-off during monsoon
and joins Kanhan River at various places of the river stretch.
Mining lease is at slope part of undulated terrain (highest surface elevation being 390.0 m MSL) with
minimum surface level of 342 m MSL. Surface run-off from the mine lease area flows along the
slopes and joins the seasonal streams flowing outside the mine lease area. As calculated, about
201183.56 cum. storm water run-off will take place from the mine per annum. This run-off may carry
soil and silt from the broken up area in the mine to the seasonal gullies in the mine lease area which
will be arrested by check dam & will restrict the soil and silt from entering the water bodies. Also, the
development of mine pits for excavation of Manganese ore and formation of overburden dumps will
alter the existing topography of the mine lease area. However, since there is no perennial water
stream in the mine lease area and method of mining is manual, no significant impact will take place
on the drainage pattern within the mine lease area. The mining activities will be restricted within the
mine lease area and there will not be any impact on the drainage pattern outside the mine lease area.
Near the Mine Lease area, which is at higher altitude, water levels in pre & post monsoon are found to be
7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Depth to water level map (Fig. 3.4.6 in chp 3) from
Department of Water Resources RD & GR- http://indiawris.gov.in (Water Resources Information
System) shows depth to water level (10-20 mbgl) in post monsoon season of year 2018 which supports the
primary water level data collected in vicinity of ML area. As the ultimate depth of mining is 4m from the
surface, the groundwater table level will not be intersected due to mining activity & hence there will not be
any quantitative or qualitative effect on the groundwater in the study area due to proposed mining activity.
The rain water accumulated in the mine pit will have to be pumped out for conducting mining operations.
4.3.1.2 Impact of water drawl on surface and groundwater resources
The pit water during rainy season will be collected in the mine sump and will be utilized for dust
suppression and plantation in the mine lease area. The excess water will be pumped to the settling
tank located on surface. This water after proper settling will be supplied to the nearby farmers for
irrigation purposes.
Groundwater table will not be intersected by proposed mining activity hence there will not be any
impact on groundwater level in the study area. Due to undulating topography and location of mine
lease area close to the Kanhan River, which continuously recharges the ground water table in the
area, there will not be any significant impact on the ground water table of the area. Hence, no impact
is envisaged on the surface water resources due to mining in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore
Mine.
4.3.1.3 Impact on surface and groundwater quality due to discharges from mining, if any.
There is no process effluent generation in the Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine. There will be no
workshop as well as mineral beneficiation activities within the mine lease area. Hence, there is no
tailings, process or workshop effluent generation in the mine lease. Domestic effluent is generated
from mines office, which is discharged in septic tank followed by soak pit. Hence, there is no impact
envisaged due to the effluent generation on surface or ground water quality in the area.
Storm water during rains, flows along the slopes of the undulated terrain within the mine lease area
and joins seasonal streams flowing outside the mine lease area. Storm water from broken up areas
like haulage roads, OB/waste dumps, etc may carry silt to the seasonal streams if adequate control
measures are not adopted.
There is no toxic material in the soil and overburden material. Manganese ore occurs in the natural
form and there is no mineral beneficiation carried out within the mine lease area except sizing and
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-18
sorting, loading and hauling and some miscellaneous work. All these operations will be carried out by
manual means. Thus, no toxic leachate is anticipated from the mineral stacks as well as OB/waste
dumps in the mine lease area. However, ground water quality in the mine lease area as well as in
nearby villages will have to be regularly monitored for checking the signs of leaching of Manganese
from Mn Ore stacks and OB dumps, if any.
4.3.2 Mitigation Measures
4.3.2.1 Measures to minimize contamination of surface and groundwater
Following measures will be adopted in the Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine to minimize contamination
of surface and ground water resources of the area:
Construction of check dams, gully plugs, contours trenches at strategic location at the undulated
slopes to reduce flow of run-off water and control soil erosion.
Efforts will be taken to divert surface run-off from virgin area away from the broken up area.
Construction of garland drains around the mine pit to divert surface run-off away from the mining
area.
Construction of retention walls and garland drains around toe of the surface dumps to arrest silt
wash off and boulder roll down.
Garland drains will be connected to a series of settling tanks for settling of silt.
Development of thick plantation using leguminous plants and grasses on inactive surface dumps,
on the slopes of the hillock and on safety barrier zone left along the mine lease boundary to act as
soil binders and control soil erosion.
Collection of rain water in mine sumps and use of accumulated water in dust suppression and
plantation in the mine lease area. Excess water will be pumped to the settling tanks located at
surface and will be supplied to the nearby farmers after ensuring proper settling.
Domestic effluent from mine office will be discharged in septic tank and soak pit system.
4.3.2.2 Construction of gully checks, check dams, sedimentation ponds, settling tanks, water
weirs, retaining walls etc. with design and site features for control of run-off
Check dams & Gully plugs:
Mining lease is at slope part of undulated terrain (highest surface elevation being 390 m MSL) with
normal surface level of 320m MSL. Surface run-off from the mine lease area flows along the slopes
and joins the seasonal streams flowing outside the mine lease area. Check dams and gully plugs will
be constructed at strategic locations along the hill slope to arrest silt wash-off during rainy season.
The schematic diagrams showing check dams and gully plugs are given in Figure 4.6(A).
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-19
FIGURE 4.6 (A): SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF CHECK DAMS
FIGURE 4.6 (B): SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF GULLY PLUG
Retention walls & Storm water/garland drains:
Retention walls will be constructed around the overburden dumps using waste rocks generated
during mining, to arrest rolled down boulders and loose material carried by the storm water run-off.
Garland drains/ storm water drains will be constructed around the toe of the dumps to collect the
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-20
storm water run-off from the dumps. Intermediate baffles will be constructed in the garland drains to
arrest silt. The drains will be connected to a series of settling tanks for arresting silt carried out along
with the run-off water. The water after ensuring proper settling, will be supplied to nearby farmers for
irrigation purpose.
Also, garland drains will be constructed around the mine pits to divert storm water run-off from the un-
mined area away from the mine pits. These drains will also be connected to a settling tank and the
water after ensuring proper settling will be supplied to nearby farmers or it can be harvested by
making pits inside the lease area.
Settling Tank (Sedimentation tank)
The garland drains will be constructed around the mine pits, surface dumps and along the mine lease
boundary will be connected to a series of settling tanks. This will facilitate proper settling of the
sediments / silt carried with the storm water run-off before discharging / supplying the water to the
farmers. The details of available rain water are provided in Table 4.2 & location & capacity of settling
tank are enclosed as Annexure XII.
4.3.2.3 Mine water treatment for meeting the prescribed standard
Rainwater accumulated in mine pit will have to be pumped to the surface. This water may contain silt.
There is no other pollutant envisaged in the mine water. However, the water will be pumped to the
settling tank for proper settling and will be supplied to the nearby farmers for irrigation only after
ensuring proper settling or it can be harvested by making pits inside the lease area. The mine pit
water will be analyzed periodically for physico-chemical characteristics as per IS: 10500.
4.3.2.4 Slope stabilization by constructing retaining walls, vegetation etc.
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3 Mtr. OB and will be removed while
reclamation. A total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will
be generated during the plan period. The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper
terracing in the retreating fashion and after attaining the proposed height, plantation would be carried
out. The angle of repose of these dumps will not be more than 450. Garland drain and retaining wall
will be constructed during the plan period. Slope stability investigations would be carried out in the
conceptual period to avoid land slide and develop the mine accordingly so that there will not be any
accidental hazard. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation of
un-sealable ore. The generation of waste material will be about 80% of total excavation which will be
dumped in the non-mineralized part near the working pits. The surrounding area is agricultural land
the mining pit would be developed as a reservoir before final closure of mine. During exploitation of
Mn ore only physical mineral rejects/fines would be generated to the tune of about 20% of total ROM,
which can be considered as a waste material.
4.3.2.5 Steps to minimize impact on water table if mining intercepts groundwater regime.
Rain water during monsoon season will be collected in the mine sump and will be used for dust
suppression and plantation in the mine lease area. Excess water in the mine sump will be pumped to
the settling tanks located at surface, when the area is required for conducting mining operations. The
water will be allowed to properly settle in the settling tanks and excess water, if any, will be supplied
to nearby farmers for irrigation, only after ensuring proper settling. Near the Mine Lease area water
levels in pre & post monsoon are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Since, the
ultimate depth of mining will be 4m below ground level and hence no ground water intercepts
envisaged. Various run-off water management and conservation measures like garland drains, check
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-21
dams, gully plugs, retention walls, etc will be constructed in the mine lease area. This will increase
the retention time of the water and will help in storm water percolating to ground. This will help in
recharging the ground water table in the area.
Suitable rooftop rainwater harvesting structures will be constructed in the public buildings in nearby
villages in consultation with the concerned Gram Panchayats under CER activities. This will also help
in improving the ground water recharge in the area and minimize the impact on the ground water
table due to mining operations.
4.3.2.6 Domestic effluent treatment
Wastewater only in the form of domestic effluent from mine office and rest shelter will be generated.
This effluent will be discharged in septic tank followed by soak pit system.
4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
4.4.1 Anticipated Impacts
4.4.1.1 Prediction of noise level by using mathematical modeling
This is proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore mine having proposed production will be only 2732 TPA.
However, there will be increase in the mining activities, which may result in the increase in ambient
noise levels. Exposure to noise levels, above threshold limit value may have detrimental effect on the
workers’ health. The adverse effects of high noise levels on exposed workers may result in:
Annoyance;
Fatigue;
Temporary shift of threshold limit of hearing;
Permanent loss of hearing; and
Hypertension and high blood cholesterol, etc.
Following sources of noise are identified in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine:
Mining machinery like Jack Hammer and Compressor, etc.
Transport machinery like dumpers, tippers, etc.
Stationary equipments like DG Sets, pumps, etc.
Noise will be mainly generated during various mining operations like drilling, blasting, loading and
transport activities. The expected noise levels of individual sources in the proposed Kawatha Mn
Mine are given in Table 4.6.
TABLE 4.6: EXPECTED NOISE LEVELS
S.N. Source Source Type Noise, Max dB(A)
1 Generators
Point
85.0
2 Jack Hammer 90.0
3 Compressor 90.0
4 Driller 90.0
5 Dumper 90.0
4.4.2 Mathematical Noise Model
A singular consolidated noise source at project site was first calculated using the equation 1 below.
During day time, a singular consolidated noise source having Leq equal to 96.3 dB (A) is used for
calculating noise levels over various distances using equation 2.
Ln = 10 log10 (10
L1/10+10
L2/10+10
L3/10+…………….+10
Ln/10) …(1)
L2 = L1 – 20 log10 (R2/R1) …(2)
Where Ln dB (A) = Resultant noise level of combination of sources
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-22
L1 dB (A) = Noise level at a distance R1 (m)
L2 dB (A) = Noise level at a distance R2 (m)
4.4.3 Predicted Noise Levels with Distance
The results of mathematical calculation of predicted noise levels are presented in Table 4.7, below.
Resultant noise levels were calculated at various distances from project site and noise contours were
plotted for day and night time.
Table 4.7 - Predicted Noise Levels with Distance
Distance(m) Source Noise Level (dBA) Calculated Noise Levels at
Receptor (dBA)
100 96.3 57.1
200 96.3 51.1
300 96.3 47.6
400 96.3 45.1
500 96.3 43.1
600 96.3 41.6
700 96.3 40.2
800 96.3 39.1
900 96.3 38.0
1000 96.3 37.1
The maximum predicted noise level within the mine boundary (0.3 km radius) is 47.6-57.1 dB (A). Noise level at a distance of 0.5 km radius of the mine is predicted to be less than 45 dB (A) which is well within the standards.
4.4.4 Impacts on Community
Day and night sound pressure levels are often used to describe the community exposure. The
nearest human settlement (Dudhala Khurd) is 1.4 km away from project site and resultant noise level
at this village is 45.6 dB(A) and 38.0 dB(A) at day night respectively. Another nearest human
settlement (Kawtha) is 2.2 km away from project site and resultant noise level at this village is 48.3
dB(A) and 38.3 dB(A) at day night respectively. The results of mathematical prediction of noise levels
at ambient noise monitoring locations w.r.t. to nearest noise monitoring station are presented in Table
4.8
Table 4.8 - Predicted Noise Levels at Noise Monitoring Locations
Sl.
No
Lo
ca
tio
n
Dis
tan
ce
(m)
So
urc
e N
ois
e
Le
ve
l (d
BA
)
Day
Tim
e
Calc
ula
ted
No
ise
Le
ve
ls a
t
Rec
ep
tor
(dB
A)
Bas
eli
ne
L(D
ay
) (d
BA
)
Bas
eli
ne
L(N
igh
t) (
dB
A)
Res
ult
an
t N
ois
e
Le
ve
l (d
BA
)
Day
Tim
e
Res
ult
an
t N
ois
e
Le
ve
l (d
BA
)
Nig
ht
Tim
e
N1 Dudhala Khurd
1400 96.3 34.2 45.3 35.6 45.6 38.0
N2 Kawatha 2200 96.3 30.3 48.2 37.5 48.3 38.3
N3 Saonga 3400 96.3 26.5 61.8 50.2 61.8 50.2
N4 Malegaon 4000 96.3 25.1 52.1 42.1 52.1 42.2
N5 Kharduka 4100 96.3 24.9 51.3 40.6 51.3 40.7
N6 Kelod 4600 96.3 23.9 63.5 51.3 63.5 51.3
N7 Satnui 5700 96.3 22.0 54.2 41.5 54.2 41.5
N8 Birgaon 7700 96.3 19.4 53.2 41.6 53.2 41.6
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-23
From the above table, it can be seen that the ambient noise levels (day time and night time) at all the
locations will remain within permissible limits. Noise mitigation measures will be adopted at project
site to attenuate noise levels to safe limits.
It can be further concluded that in actual conditions due to presence of various topographical features
in the path of sound propagation the noise levels will be further attenuated.
4.4.5 Impacts due to Ground Vibration and Fly Rocks
The major source of ground vibration from this mine is blasting. The major impact of the ground
vibrations is observed on the domestic houses located in the villages surrounding the mine lease
area. The kachha houses are more prone to cracks and damage due to the vibrations. Apart from
this, the ground vibrations may develop a fear factor in the nearby settlements.
Another impact due to blasting activities is fly rocks. These may fall on the houses or agriculture fields
nearby the mining lease area and may cause injury to persons or damage to the structures. Nearest
major habitation from the mine lease area is located in Dudhala Khurd village at 1.4 km. The ground
vibrations at Dudhala Khurd due to the blasting are calculated using the empirical equation:
The empirical equation used for assessment of peak particle velocity (PPV) is: V= 417.8 {D/(Q)0.5}-1.265
Where V= Peak particle velocity in mm/s D= Distance between location of blast and gauge point in m Q=Quantity of explosive per blasting in kg.
TABLE 4.9 ESTIMATED PEAK PARTICLE VELOCITY FOR DIFFERENT EXPLOSIVE CHARGES
Nearest Habitation distance, m Quantity of Explosive/Blast, Kg PPV, mm/s
1400 0.3 0.020
1400 0.4 0.024
1400 0.5 0.028
Note: The empirical formula does not take into account the delay factor in blasting due to use of Delay Detonators.
The standards for safe limit of PPV are established by Directorate General of Mines Safety for safe level criteria through Circular No. 7 dated 29/8/1997. Permissible standards of Ground vibration due to blasting as per guidelines of Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), Dhanbad are given in Table 4.10.
TABLE 4.10 PERMISSIBLE PEAK PARTICLE VELOCITY (mm/s)
Type of Structure Dominant Excitation Frequency
<8 Hz 8 – 25 Hz >25 Hz
A] Buildings/structures not belonging to the owner
Domestic houses/structures (Kuchha brick and cement) 5 10 15
Industrial Buildings (RCC and framed structures 10 20 25
Objects of historical importance and sensitive structures
2 5 10
B] Buildings belonging to owner with limited span of life
Domestic houses/structures (Kuchha brick and cement) 10 15 25
Industrial buildings (RCC& framed structures) 15 25 50
From the above Table, it reveals that there will be insignificant impacts of drilling and blasting in the surroundings area.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-24
4.4.6 Mitigation Measures for Noise Environment
Noise Control Measures
1. Standard specified mining equipment will be used. The equipment will be in good working
conditions, properly lubricated and maintained to keep noise within permissible limits.
2. Drilling will be carried out with sharp drill bits which help in reducing noise.
3. Controlled blasting with proper spacing and optimum charge/delay will be maintained.
4. Tall trees with heavy foliage shall be planted along the boundary of mining lease area which will
act as a natural barrier to propagating noise.
5. DG set with acoustic enclose will be used.
6. Use of loud speakers shall comply with the regulations set forth by CPCB.
7. Regular noise monitoring will be carried at project site to check compliance with prevailing
rules.
8. Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) like ear plugs/ear muffs will be provided.
Measures to Control Ground Vibration and Fly Rocks
The blasting operations in the mine will be carried out by deep hole drilling and blasting using delay
detonators, which reduce the ground vibrations. The measures that are generally followed and
currently proposed for abatement of ground vibration and fly rocks are detailed below:
1. Proper quantity of explosive, suitable stemming materials and appropriate delay system are
being adopted to avoid overcharging and for safe blasting.
2. Proper blast design will be made to control ground vibration and fly rocks.
3. Adequate safe distance from blasting is being maintained.
4. The charge per delay is minimized and preferably more number of delays is used per blasts.
5. During blasting, other activities in the immediate vicinity are temporarily stopped.
6. Drilling parameters like overburden, depth, diameter and spacing is properly designed to give
proper blast.
7. Blasting will be conducted during noon hours i.e. 12.00 PM to 2.00 PM.
8. Temporary stoppage of all other activities in the mine during blasting,
9. Blasting will be carried out only to loosen the strata, thereby reducing the quantity of
explosives used per blast.
10. Minimizing charge per delay and preferably more number of delays will be used per blasts;
11. Periodic monitoring of ground vibrations in the nearby village to assess the efficacy of control
measures.
4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.5.1 Anticipated Impact on Flora and Fauna
Impact on terrestrial biodiversity
The proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore mine consists of 26.67 Ha mine lease area having revenue
land. There is no forest land involved in the project. During end of plan period about 1.2704 area will
be covered under mining pits, dumping of waste, road, plantation and other ancillary operations
relating to mining including the area broken by pits in the past. Thus, there will be 25.40 Ha. area will
remain undisturbed. There is poor vegetation growth in the area except some big trees of Moha,
Palas and Neem are grown in the area. Apart from these trees shrubs observed like Sitafal, Ber and
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-25
Bharati also grown. Those need to clear during proposed mining operation. There are no rare,
endemic or endangered flora species observed in the mine lease area.
During mining, only existing vegetation from virgin area will have to be removed from area proposed
for mining and OB dumps. There will be marginal impact envisaged on the vegetation within the mine
lease area. Moreover, mining activities will be restricted within the mine lease area only.
Impact on Wildlife
There are some forests within the 10 km radius study area. The proposed mine lease area is near
to forest area. No major wildlife observed within mine lease area during the survey period.
However, North-East part of buffer area is known for diverse wild fauna. Considering size of mine
and management practice by scientific method of mining with proper Environmental Management
Plan including pollution control measures especially for air and noise, which will not cause any
adverse impact on the surrounding animals.
Fencing around the entire mine lease area is recommended in order to restrict the entry of stray
animals into the mining area.
Green belt development will be carried out which will help in arresting dust and minimizing sound
level arising from the mining operation.
4.5.1.2 Impact on aquatic biodiversity
There is no natural perennial surface water body within the mine lease area. Hence, aquatic
biodiversity is not observed in the mine lease area. The surface run-off during monsoon may carry silt
from the broken up area due to mining and may deposit it into the seasonal and perennial streams
flowing outside the mine lease area. If adequate silt control measures are not adopted in the mine,
this may cause siltation of the receiving water bodies thereby causing threat to the aquatic
biodiversity of the receiving water bodies like Kanhan River which is 2.66 km in NW direction of mine
lease area.
4.5.1.3 Impact on wildlife including avi-fauna
Migration of wild Animals
The wild animals mostly reported in the core area are, Fox, Wild Boar, Cheetal, Common langur,
Hare and common mongoose and other avifauna and Poisonous and non-poisonous snakes are also
reported as forest area is near to the ML area. The mining activities will create migration of these wild
animals during mining activities like drilling, blasting and vehicular movement.
Invasion of Wild Animals at Night
Invasion of wild animals may takes place occasionally however, no night operation proposed.
4.5.2 Mitigation Measures
4.5.2.1 Measures to compensate the loss of forest coverage
There is no forest land involved in mine lease area. Marginal tree cutting will be involved in the
project. In order to compensate the tree cuttings in the area, thick plantation will be carried out on the
safety zone. Backfilled area, and on benches of the mined out area. The lower benches of the mined
out pits will serve as water reservoir, which will be available for nearby farmers for irrigation and will
also help in recharging the ground water table of the area. The mine pits will be properly fenced to
avoid inadvertent fall of unsuspected animals / persons in the pits. All other infrastructure will be
removed from the mine and plantation will be carried out in this area.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-26
Thus, at conceptual stage, the mine lease area will be developed into partially backfilled and
afforested mine pits with reservoir developed in the remaining mine pits. The dumps and pits covered
with plantation will merge with the surrounding topography after some time and the area will be
improved aesthetically.
4.5.2.3 Measures for protection and conservation of wildlife species
Topsoil has a large number of seeds of native plant species in the mining area. Topsoil will be
used for restoration and suitable surface for planted seedlings.
Boundary of mining area contiguous to the forest will be provided by fencing and thick
greenbelt/vegetation which will act as barrier for wild animals.
Checks and controls on the movement of vehicles in and out of the mine
Undertaking mitigative measures for conducive environment to the flora and fauna in consultation
with Forest Department.
Dust suppression system will be installed within mine and periphery of mine.
A budgetary provision is Rs. 2.0 Lakhs as capital cost and 0.80 Lakhs per annum as recurring
cost made under the green belt development program.
Biological Conservation plant for Schedule I Species provided in Annexure VI(e).
1.5.2.4 Green Belt Development and Plantation Programme
The approach towards the development of Green belt /plantation in the lease area with a view to
provide an aesthetic look, eliminating fugitive emissions and for controlling the impact of noise, etc.
A Green Belt will be developed based on the following principles:
Plants that grow fast will be preferred.
Preference for high canopy covers plants with local varieties
Perennial and evergreen plants will be preferred.
Plants which have a high Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) will be preferred.
The development of Green Belt is an important aspect for any plant because:
It acts as a 'Heat Sink'.
It improves the ambient air quality by controlling Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) in air.
It helps in noise abatement for the surrounding area.
It helps in settlement of new birds and insects within itself.
It maintains the ecological balance.
It increases the aesthetic value of site.
Plantation programme in safety barrier
A total of 26.67 Ha area, out of these, 1.27 Ha will be broken during mining activities whereas
25.40 will remain undisturbed of the proposed Kawatha Manganese open cast mine. Area under
plantation will be 0.2850 Ha. To compensate for the above, plantation will be undertaken during
the mining operation as per the following plantation schedule. Total 570 saplings will be planted.
The breakup of the proposed afforestation programme with reclamation in progressive manner for
entire life of mine is given in Table 4.11.
TABLE- 4.11 PLANTATION SCHEDULE/TIME FRAME
Up to
Year No. of trees to be planted Location
Budget(Lakh Rs.)
1st year 170 Green belt 0.40
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-27
Up to
Year No. of trees to be planted Location
Budget(Lakh Rs.)
2nd
year 100 Green belt 0.40
3rd
year 100 Green belt 0.40
4th
year 100 Green belt 0.40
5th
year 100 Green belt 0.40
Total 570 2.00
*Additional plantation of 500 plants per year is proposed in Conservation plan (Annexure VI-e)
authenticated by Office of Deputy Conservator of Forest (Regional) Nagpur Forest Division, Nagpur.
TABLE 4.12 RECOMMENDED PLANTS FOR GREENBELT
Sl. Botanical Name of the Plant with Height Local Name Description
1. Adina cordifolia (Rubiaceae)
Height: 20m
Haldu
L; deciduous, a light demander, suitable on
open areas
2. Aegle marmelos ( Rutaceae)
Height: 12m
Bel
M; deciduous, good for green belts near
temples
3. Anogeissus latifolia
( Combretaceae)
Dhavra
M; deciduous suitable for green belts
4. Azadirachta India (Meliaceae)
Height: 20m
Neem
L; evergreen ; Quick growing, spreading,
Suitable in green belts . It is termite
resistant
5. Bauhinia racemosa (Caesalpiniaceae)
Height: 5m
Apta
M; deciduous, Quick growing, Crown shape
is Oblong, good in green belts in garden
and as a second row avenue tree
6. Butea monosperma (Papilionaceae)
Height: 10m
Palas
M; deciduous for green belts reduce air
pollution
7. Caesalpinia pulcherrima
(Leguminosae) Height: 4m
Shankhasur S; a large shrub, suitable for gardens out
side offices and along channels
8. Carrisa carandas (Apocynaceae)
Height: 3m
Karvand S; semi evergreen. Large bushy shrub,
good as a hedge to protect against noise
9. Cassia fistula (Leguminopsaae)
Height: 12m
Amaltas
M; deciduous, good ornamental tree in
green belts
10. Dalbergia sisso (Leguminosae)
Height: 3-5m
Shisham
M; deciduous suitable on areas around flare
sites and in green belts
11. Delomix regia (Leguninosae)
Height: 15m
GulMohar
M; deciduous ornamental, suitable on road
sides
12. Emblica officinalis (Euphorbiaceae)
Height: 5m
Amla M; deciduous, good as isolated trees in
gardens.
13. Ficus bengalensis
Height: 20m
Wad
L; deciduous, widely spaced avenue tree
(15 m apart)
14. Gmelina arborea (Verbenaceae)
Height: 3-5m
Sewan
M; deciduous , good in green belts around
dumping sites
15. H. rosa sinensis
Height: 3m
Jaswand
S; evergreen woody showy shrub good for
gardens
16. Mimusops elengi (Sapotaceae)
Height: 10m
Bakul
M; evergreen, good for avenues
17. Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae)
Height: 3-5m
God Neem
S; semi evergreen good in green belts
suitable site and along small channels
18. Peltophorum pterocarpum
(Leguminoseae)
- L; Semi evergreen, Quick growing Crown
shape is Oblong/ Round suitable on road
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-28
Sl. Botanical Name of the Plant with Height Local Name Description
Height: 6-8 m sides, & outside office buildings. Reduce air
pollution
19. Pongamia pinnata (Leguminoceae)
Height: 3-5m
Karanj
M; evergreen, quick growing, crown cover
shape is round good along roads
20. Syzygium cuminii (Myyrtaceae)
Height: 20m
Jambhul
L; evergreen tree good in green belts, and
with in campus road sides
21. Tamarindus indica (Leguminoseae),
Height: 20m
Chinch
L; evergreen tree good
22. Acacia nilotica Height: 6m Babul M: Grow in Barren land, Water depleted
areas
Grasses
1. ApludaSp. Kodmoi Stabilization of slopes, slow growth
2. Agrostis tenella
Grass Stabilization of slopes, fast growth
3. A. stolonifera Grass Stabilization of slopes, fast growth
4. Agave Americana Agave Grow in a waste land , slow growth
5. Cynodon dactylon Grass Fast growth, Stabilization of Slopes
*Note: The above table showing recommended species for Green belt development in an around ML
area. However, the actual species will be planted in consultation with Forest Development of
Maharashtra.
Location of Green belt/Plantation Area:
All the 570 saplings will be planted in safety barrier of 7.5m. Safety zone covering the area from BP1
to BP3 will be taken up for the aforesaid plantation in the plan period.
Sr. no. Border Pillars of ML Area Latitude & Longitude
1 BP1 21° 29' 32.541" N, 78° 53' 59.598" E
2 BP2 21° 29' 34.649" N, 78° 53' 59.593" E
3 BP3 21° 29' 34.835" N, 78° 53' 59.446" E
Site Photographs showing part of Mine Lease area where belt green will be developed.
4.5.2.5 Progressive afforestation in overburden, reclaimed mined out areas
The inactive dump slopes will be planted with grasses and legumes to ensure effective stabilization of
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-29
slopes and avoiding soil erosion and gully formations.
Thus, at conceptual stage, the mine lease area will be developed into partially backfilled and
afforested mine pits with reservoir developed in the remaining mine pits and OB/waste dumps
covered with plantation. The dumps and pits covered with plantation will merge with the surrounding
topography after some time and the area will be improved aesthetically.
4.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND HEALTH ENVIRONMENT
4.6.1 Anticipated Impacts
4.6.1.1 Displacement of human settlements during the life of the mine
There is no habitation in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine lease area. The Mine lease area
comprise of Govt. Revenue land. Thus, there is no displacement of settlements from the mine lease
area during the life of the mine.
4.6.1.2 Positive and negative impacts on present status of livelihood in the area
It is obvious to assume that the activities of the mining operations will improve the socio-economic
levels in the study area. The anticipated impact of this project on various aspects is described in the
following sections.
Impact on Human Settlement
There is no human settlement in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine. Nearest human
settlement is located at Kawatha village which is 2.5 km away from ML area. No displacement of the
habitation involved in the project. This is proposed manual open cast mine, proposed mining
operation will marginally affected dust and noise generated from the mining operations to nearby
villages, if adequate pollution control measures are not adopted. No mining operation will be carried
out during night time. The residents of the nearby villages will be benefitted due to the primary and
secondary employment opportunities generated due to the mining in the area. The operation of the
mine and associated activities will improve the marginal economic development in the nearby
villages.
4.6.1.3 Impact on the cropping pattern and crop productivity in the buffer zone
The western part of ML area marginally covered with agriculture land. Whereas, some agriculture
fields outside the mine lease area in the western side are also available. However, the mining
operation is restricted as it is manual open cast mining having daily production of manganese ore will
be only 11 TPD. No heavy machinery involved in the proposed project. Thus, no significant impact on
the cropping and crop productivity in the buffer zone involved.
4.6.2 Mitigation Measures
4.6.2.1 Rehabilitation and resettlement of land oustees and displaced people
There is no rehabilitation and resettlement involved in the Kawatha Manganese Ore Mine.
4.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
4.7.1 Identification of Work Related Health Hazards
Details of the principle environmental and occupational risks that are likely to be occurred are given in
Table 4.13.
TABLE 4.13 WORK RELATED HEALTH HAZARDS
Sr. No. Hazardous Activities Type of Hazards Severity of Injury
1 Drilling Exposed to high level of Noise Hearing impairment
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-30
Sr. No. Hazardous Activities Type of Hazards Severity of Injury
Exposed to dusty environment Respiratory diseases
2 Blasting Struck by fly rock Serious Physical injury
Exposed to dusty environment Respiratory diseases
Exposed to high level noise Hearing impairment
Exposed to excessive vibration Cracks to permanent structures
3 Loading Struck by rolling big boulders Serious injury, and equipment
damage
Struck by fall of boulders Serious Physical injury
4 Transportation Accidental runaway of vehicle Serious injury, and equipment
damage Fall of vehicle from height while reversing
Exposure to high level noise Hearing impairment
Fire in engine due to over heating Serious Physical injury
6 Storage of oil, lubricant Leaks and spills Fire & vigorous chemical reaction
7 Use/repair of hydraulic
jacks & pumps during
rainy season only
High pressure operation Physical injury
Oil spillage
Rupture of hydraulic hoses
The mine management takes full responsibility for the protection of the workers against sickness,
disease and injury arising out of their employment and have adopted certain principles with regard to
occupational health services, like establishing and maintaining a safe and healthy working
environment which will facilitate optimal physical and mental health in relation to work.
The following occupational health measures will also be adopted:
Identification and assessment of the risks from health hazards in the workplace;
Surveillance of the factors in the working environment and working practices which may affect
workers health, including sanitary installations and canteens.
Planning and organization of work, including the design of workplaces, choice, maintenance and
condition of machinery and other equipment and substances used in work.
Protective tools like dust masks, ear plugs, helmets, safety boots, radium aprons/jackets, goggles,
hand gloves etc. will be provided to mine workers.
4.7.2 Medical Surveillance and Examinations/ Occupational Health Monitoring
In order to evaluate the impacts from proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore mining project activities on
health of workers, baseline health studies will be conducted on every worker before joining their
duties.
Identifying workers with conditions that may be aggravated by exposure to dust & noise and
establishing baseline status for determining changes in health
Evaluating the effect of dust and noise on workers
Enabling corrective action to be taken when necessary
providing health education and awareness
The medical surveillance program will consist of the following:
Pre-employment medical examinations
Periodic medical examinations
Health & Safety awareness and training
Record keeping
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-31
History: The initial medical and occupational history cover previous exposure to dust, personal habits
(e.g. smoking, etc) and history of present or past respiratory disorders (particularly tuberculosis).
All the employees in the mine will be subjected to pre-employment & periodic medical
examination to assess the occupational health impacts. The tests will be conducted as per Form O
as given in the Mines Rules, 1955 for the following parameters:
1. Height & weight 2. Eyes 3. Ears 4. Respiratory Systems
5. Circulatory Systems 6. Abdomen 7. Nervous systems 8. Locomotory systems
9. Skin 10. Hydrocele 11. Hernia 12. Any other abnormality
13. Urine tests 14. Skiagram of chest 15. Complete Blood
picture
16. Any other test
considered by the
Committee Doctor
Based on the medical findings, the worker will be placed for appropriate jobs and necessary safety
training will be provided.
Pre /post-employment checkup will be carried out for all new appointees by a registered doctor
(General Physician) and following test will be conducted.
Hematological Test Biochemical Test Urine E C G Spirometer Audiometry Color Vision
Health Review System Medical Fitness From FMO.
Medical Record of Each Employee will be maintained and updated with finding.
Frequency of Periodical Medical Examination
Sr. no. Age group of workers Checkup frequency
1 <30 Years Once in a year.
2 31-41 Years Twice in a year
3 41-50 Years Quarterly in a years
4.7.2.1 Awareness and Training Program
All workers will be subjected to pre-employment and periodic awareness program on health and
safety issues of manganese mining and related activities. They would also be imparted with proper
training and would be made to understand the health impacts of inhaling high concentration of dust
laden air. All the workers will also be provided training in first aid.
Holders of first aid certificate will be given refresher training once in two years
Rescue trained person will acquire highest standards of proficiency in first aid
Ambulance van will be provided fully equipped with lifesaving drugs, medicines and
appliances needed in emergency
Record keeping
A Registered Medical Practitioner (Doctor) will be outsources as per requirement for examining the
workers. All the health records of the workers will be maintained in separate file in site office and the
records will be regularly updated.
Implementation of OH&S
For implementation of Occupational Health & Safety in the Manganese mine project, a safety
committee will be formed. The hierarchy of the committee and responsibilities of individual members
will be as follows:
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 4 - Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4-32
Impacts on Air Quality Control/ Mitigation Measures
Clearance of vegetation from virgin area
Activities
Dust emission Removal of vegetation only when immediately necessary. Plantation of green belt in Safety barrier
Removal of Top soil Dust emission Water sprinkling before scrapping of top soil. Top Soil will be used in plantation.
Loading & Transport of Top soil and transport to soil stack
Dust emission SO2, NOx emissions
Periodic maintenance of vehicles Water sprinkling during loading Water sprinkling on internal roads
Unloading at Soil Stack Wind erosion at Soil stack
Dust emission Minimizing dumping height Plantation of grasses & herbs at soil stack for avoiding wind erosion.
Excavation of Mn Ore & OB by drilling & Blasting
Dust emission SO2, NOx emissions
Provision of enclosure to conveyors Water sprinkling at transfer points
Loading and transport of Mn Ore & OB
Dust emission Water sprinkling at transfer points
Sizing & sorting manually Dust emission
Suppression of dust by water sprinkling
Stacking of sorted Mn Ore
Dust emission Periodic water sprinkling on stacks
Unloading of OB at OB dump Wind erosion from OB dump
Dust emission Dump height only 3 M. Plantation of grasses & herbs at OB for avoiding wind erosion. Thick plantation on inactive dump slopes
Loading & transport of Mn ore to customers
Dust emission, increase in traffic density
Use of covered trucks for transportation. Transport through NH-26B / SH 19 ~3.65 km, W from ML area.
TABLE 4.14 OH&S COMMITTEE & ITS RESPONSIBILITIES
Sr. No. Designation Responsibility
1. Mines Manager Overall responsibility of Occupational Health & Safety in the Mines
2. Mining Engineer /
Foreman
Adherence to OH&S guidelines and provision of training and conducting
awareness programs and environmental compliance
3. Doctor(outsourced as
per requirement)
Pre-employment and periodic examination / health checkup and updating
the records, provision of first aid training.
4.7.3 Overall Chart sshowing Impacts of Various Mining Activities on Ambient Air Quality and Proposed Air Pollution Control Measures
FIGURE 4.7: FLOWSHEET SHOWING IMPACTS OF VARIOUS MINING ACTIVITIES ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND PROPOSED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
CHAPTER-5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE
AND TECHNOLOGY)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternative Technology and Site 5-1
5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND SITE
5.1 SITE ALTERNATIVES UNDER CONSIDERATION
This is a new proposed manganese mine. The prospecting license for Manganese over an area of
26.67 Ha. has been granted to applicant dated 22-09-2008 for a period of 2 years. The said
prospecting license was executed with the collector the collector Nagpur on behalf of the Govt. of
Maharashtra on 15th January, 2009 and valid up to 14th January, 2011.After receiving Letter of Intent
dated 18th January, 2016 against Mining lease application dated 20th Jan 2011, from Gov. of
Maharashtra numbered MMN-0915/CN99/industry-9, Directorate of Geology & Mining, Nagpur has
approved the mining plan vide Letter No. NGP/MN/MPW-1173/NGP-2016 dt.03.08.16. At present out
of all land of proposed Mine Lease (Khasra no. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272),
30% land is acquired and remaining land purchase is under process. The Manganese Ore
occurrence is site specific hence, no other site is considered for mining operation.
5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY
5.2.1 Choice of Method of Mining
The manual open cast mining method has been considered to be continued for adoption because of
the following reasons:
The average stripping ratio for opencast mining is 1:6.
The mining by opencast method is highly productive & economical as compared to
underground method; and
The opencast mining operations ensure higher recovery of manganese resource from
conservation point of view.
In addition to this mining area is too small for trouble free and safe mining.
All other mining activities except drilling and blasting will be required to be followed resulting
into same or very insignificant reduction in the air pollution.
CHAPTER-6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
PROGRAMME
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-1
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE OF MITIGATION MEASURES
The mitigation measures suggested in Chapter-4 will be implemented so as to reduce the impact on
environment due to the operations of the project. In order to facilitate easy implementation of
mitigation measures, these are phased as per the priority implementation as given in Table 6.1.
TABLE 6.1
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
Sr. No. Recommendations Time Requirement Schedule
1 Air pollution control measures Being practiced & strengthened before
commissioning of enhanced production. Immediate
2 Water pollution control
measures
Being practiced & strengthened before
commissioning of enhanced production. Immediate
3 Noise control measures Being practiced & strengthened before
commissioning of enhanced production. Immediate
4 Ecological preservation and
upgrade
Being practiced & further stage wise
implementation.
Immediate &
Progressive
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
The environmental monitoring for the mining operations of proposed project will be conducted as
follows:
Air quality;
Water and wastewater quality;
Noise levels;
Soil quality; and
Greenbelt development.
6.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Cell
Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution since the efficacy of pollution control
measures adopted can only be determined by monitoring. An Environmental Management Cell will be
established for implementing the Environmental Management Plan and conducting periodic
environmental monitoring of important and crucial environmental parameters to assess the status of
environment regularly during mine operations. With the knowledge of baseline conditions, the
monitoring program will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental conditions due to
operation of the mine and so that suitable additional mitigation steps could be taken in time to
safeguard the environment. The organizational chart of Environment Management Cell is as given in
Figure 6.1.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-2
FIGURE 6.1: ORGANIZATION CHART OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC)
6.2.2 Proposed Environmental Monitoring Programme
The objectives of environmental monitoring are:
To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regard to new developments
To follow the trend of parameters, which have been identified as critical;
To check or assess the efficacy of the pollution control measures
To establish a database for future impact assessment studies for new projects
The environmental monitoring for the proposed Manganese operations will be conducted for following
aspects:
Ambient Air quality
Water table depth
Surface and ground water quality
Ambient Noise Levels
Soil Quality
Green belt & Plantation
CSR Activities
The following routine monitoring program will be implemented under the post-project monitoring.
Air Pollution
The ambient air quality will be monitored as per EC Conditions/Central Pollution Control Board
guidelines at one location in proposed mine lease area and four locations in nearby villages.
Water Table Depth
The depth of ground water table in the area will be monitored regularly in the wells/borewell located in
four nearby villages. The water table depth at Pre-monsoon (May month) and Post Monsoon
(November Month) will be measured and records will be maintained.
Mines Manager
Environmental Scientist
External Laboratory Approved by MoEF/MPCB & NABET accredited Environment
consultant
Chemist (1) Field Assistant (1)
Horticulture expert (1) Gardener (1)
Water Sprinkler Operator (1) Unskilled Labour (1)
Lessee
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-3
Water quality
Ground water samples from four villages surrounding the project area will be analyzed. The water
quality monitoring will be carried out once during every season. Surface water sample will be
collected from mine pit, when available.
Ambient Noise Levels
Noise levels in the core zone and in surrounding villages will be monitored regularly. Ambient noise
level monitoring will be carried out at 1 location in the mine lease area and in four locations in nearby
villages. Noise level monitoring will be conducted once in each season.
Soil quality
Soil quality monitoring will be carried out in the plantation area within the mine lease area and in the
agriculture fields located nearby the mine lease area. 1 sample from core zone and 4 sample from
nearby villages will be collected and analyzed, once in a year, preferably during dry season.
CSR Activities
Social welfare activities conducted in nearby villages will be regularly monitored for their effectiveness
and accordingly new activities will be planned.
The proposed environmental monitoring schedule is given in Table 6.2.
TABLE 6.2: PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SCHEDULE
Sr.
No.
Environmental
Aspect Locations
Parameters for
monitoring
Schedule/ frequency of
Monitoring
1 Ambient Air Quality 3 (1 in ML area &
2 in nearby villages)
PM10, PM 2.5, SO2,
NOx
Quarterly Monitoring with
24 hours sampling
2 Water table depth 3 (1 in core zone and in
nearby 2 villages) Depth of water level
Once each in May and
November month every
year
3 Water quality
Mine pit water & Ground
water from 4 nearby
villages
As per IS:10500 2012
standards
Grab sampling, once
during each season
4 Ambient Noise
Levels
3 (1 in ML area &
2 in nearby villages) Noise levels in dB(A)
Hourly noise level for 24
hours, once in each
season
5 Soil Quality
3 (Plantation in ML area
and agriculture fields in 2
villages)
Physical and nutrition
properties of soil
Once in a year, preferably
during dry season.
6. CSR activities Nearby villages
Implementation status
and need based
assessment
Quarterly
6.2.3 Monitoring Methods and Data Analysis of Environmental Monitoring
Environmental monitoring of ambient air quality, surface and ground water quality, ambient noise
levels, etc. will be carried out through MoEF&CC accredited agencies regularly and reports will be
submitted to MPCB/MoEF&CC.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-4
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
6.3.1 Environmental Policy of the Company
The mine lease holder Smt. Rachana Ashish Belorkar. Environmental Policy is attached in Annexure
VIII.
6.3.3 Environmental Management Cell
An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be established in the mine under the control of Mines
Manager. The EMC will be headed by an Environmental scientist having adequate qualification and
experience in the field of environmental management. The responsibilities of EMC will be as follows:
1. Implementation of pollution control measures as suggested in Environmental Management
Plan and recommended in EC
2. Conducting environmental monitoring as per EMP and EC stipulation through external
laboratories approved by MoEF/MPCB and NABL
3. Ensuring compliance with other conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance for the
project.
4. Ensuring compliance with the conditions stipulated in 'Consent to Operate' for the project.
5. Timely submission of compliance status to MoEF/ MPCB
6. Seeking experts guidance, as and when required.
7. Conducting CSR activities in nearby villages.
6.3.4 Audit & Review
Review and audit is essentially a management tool. However, its application is crucial at the
operational level for verification and feedback on the effectiveness of organization system and
environmental performance. Basically, auditing involves in the following items:
Line management system Awareness and training
Procedures: standards, targets Plans: Waste, contingency, pollution
control compliance
Verify environmental impact assessment Verify mitigation
Reporting and communication Documentation
Feedback
Internal Audit:
A system of auditing will be undertaken for mining operations and includes the use of trained internal
and external auditors. In addition, auditing should be undertaken to ensure compliance with all the
applicable legislations.
Audit Type Frequency:
Internal: - From other site in-charge every 6 months
External - independent expert Every 12 months
The company shall depute internal / external auditors who are trained and certified as competent
EMS auditors by an independent and external standard organization. The results of monitoring and
auditing shall be regularly reported through the senior management team to ensure that action items
are addressed.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-5
6.3.5 Non-conformity, Corrective Action and Preventive Action
As per the Environmental Policy of the company, non-conformities, corrective actions and preventive
actions shall be managed in accordance with Nonconformance, Preventive and Corrective Action
Procedure. This procedure, which relates to all projects of the company, details the processes to be
utilized with respect to the identification of non-conformances, the application of appropriate
corrective actions(s) to address non-conformances and the establishment of preventive actions to
avoid non-conformances. The key elements of the process include:
i. identification of Non-conformance and /or Non-compliances
ii. Recording of Non-conformance and/or Non-compliance
iii. Evaluation of the Non-conformance and/or Non-compliance to determine specific corrective
and preventive actions
iv. Corrective and preventive actions to be assigned to responsible persons and
v. Management Review of corrective actions to ensure the status and effectiveness of the
actions
6.3.6 Management Review
A comprehensive review of the objectives and targets associated with the individual project of the
company shall be undertaken on an annual basis via the business planning (1 year outlook) and
business strategy (5 year outlook) processes. These reviews, which include involvement from the
senior site management and other key personnel, assess the performance of the mine over the
previous year and develop goals and targets for the following period.
6.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Occupational health and safety is very closely related to productivity and good employer-employee
relationship. The main factors of occupational health in mine is fugitive dust and noise. Safety of
employees during blasting operation and maintenance of mining equipment and handling of explosive
materials is to be taken care of as per the Mine Regulations, 1965 and circulars of DGMS. To avoid
any adverse effects on the health of workers due to dust, heat, noise and vibration, sufficient
measures are proposed in the EMP. These include:
Provision of wet drilling and dust collectors;
Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water, toilets etc.;
Provision of personnel protection devices for the workers;
Rotation of job for workers exposed to high noise areas; and
First-aid facilities.
Occupational Health Survey of the employees will be carried out at regular intervals.
6.5 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
The details of monitoring of pollution along with annual recurring cost are given in Table-6.3.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at
Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 6- Environmental Monitoring Programme 6-6
TABLE 6.3 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
Sr. No. Particulars Annual Cost (Rs. in Lakhs)
1 Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality 1.0
2 Monitoring of Water Quality and depth of water table 0.7
3. Monitoring of ambient noise levels 0.6
4 Monitoring of soil samples 0.2
5 Monitoring of plantation (in-house) --
6 Monitoring of CSR activities (In-house) --
Total 2.5
CHAPTER-7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-1
7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
The EIA/EMP report for proposed Manganese Mine project located at village Kawatha, Saoner
Tehsil, District - Nagpur in Maharashtra state is prepared as per the TOR issued by EAC, MoEFCC,
New Delhi and the report is submitted for public consultation process as per the provisions of EIA
Notification 2006 and amendments thereof.
Public hearing conducted on 19.10.2018, the issues/suggestions made by the local people and
commitments made by the Project Proponent during the public hearing are incorporated in this
chapter.
7.1.1 PUBLIC HEARING DETAILS
The Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board conducted Public consultation/hearing for the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Production capacity - 2732 TPA and ML Area 26.67 Ha) on
19.10.2018 at 12.00 noon at Grampanchayat office, Kawatha, Tal. Saoner, Dist. Nagpur of
Maharashtra State. The minutes of environmental public hearing enclosed as Annexure - XIII
As per EIA notification, in respect of the project was published in newspapers namely “The Hitwada”
in English daily and Marathi in Maharashtra Times on 18.09.2018 in order to receive notices inviting
comments, views, objection and suggestions, if any from the public. The proceeding of public hearing
conducted by Regional Officer, Nagpur, SPCB, Maharashtra under the chairmanship of Additional
District Magistrate. Further about 97 nos. of representations were received during public hearing. The
following members from MPCB were present during the public hearing.
Sr. No. Name Position
1. Ravindra Khajanji
(Additional District Collector, Nagpur)
Chairman
2. Rahul Wankhede
(Regional Officer)
Member
3. Hema Deshpande
(Sub-Regional Officer)
Convener
4. Other officials of SPCB, Maharashtra As support officials
OTHER MEMBERS
Sr. No. Name Position
1. Shri. Ashish Belorkar On behalf of the Smt. Rachana Ashish Belorkar, Owner,
Kawatha Manganese Mine.
2. Shri. Shrikant B. Vyawhare
Shri. Mithilesh Padhye
Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-2
PHOTOGRAPHS OF PUBLIC HEARING
7.1.2 MAJOR ISSUES RAISED DURING PUBLIC HEARING
Sr. No. Issues Raised Number of People Supporting Issue
1. Effect on agricultural crop production 4
2. Road maintenance 5
3. Employment to local people 3
4. Ownership of land in Mine Lease area 4
5. Ground water depletion 1
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-3
7.1.3 MAJOR ISSUES RAISED DURING PUBLIC HEARING AND REPLY BY PROJECT
PROPONENT
Type of Queries
Objections/ comments/ suggestion
Reply from project proponent Time Frame Budgetary Provision
1. Mrs. Sushma Devidas Pachpute, Kawatha Village, Saoner, Nagpur
Effect on Agricultural production due to dust emission.
Agriculture crop productivity may get damage as my field in the vicinity of ML area
It’s a Manual mine where breaking & sorting of rocks will be done by mine workers.; At the end of 5 year plan only 0.2544 Ha. area will be broken & plantation will be done in 0.2850 Ha. area which will restrict dust.; Controlled blasting will be done so that dust emission will be very less.; Water sprinkling on haul road.; Maximum per day production of Manganese is expected to be approximate 11 tons. Hence only one Truck/Tipper having 15 Ton per day capacity will be used for transport of material & dust emission will be insignificant. No effluent generation from Mine site.
Surface runoff will be passing through Check dam & settling tank.
Dust suppression will be carried out through Water Sprinkling will start immediately after start of mining operations.
Capital cost of Rs. 5 lakh & Recurring cost of Rs. 3.10 lakh (TABLE 10.2 chp.10) is allocated for Air pollution control. Expense of mobile water tankers will be done from the budget allocated for control of air pollution.
2. Mr. Kashiram Marotrao Bhojne, Kawatha Village, Saoner, Nagpur
1. Effect on Agricultural production due to dust emission.
2. Pollution by processing of ore
3. Road maintenance
4.Employment
1. My farm is adjacent to Mine lease area, will it be affected by mining activity.
2. Crushing activity will pollute the air & dust will be spread on crops.
3. Maintenance of road should be done.
4. Employment should be given to local people
1. Already explained in previous question by Mrs. Sushma Devidas Pachpute.
2. No Crusher or mineral processing is proposed at the mine site. Breaking of ore followed by sizing & sorting will be done manually & hence no impact on air.
3. M/s Kawatha Manganese Mine will spend 2.0% of the project cost, under Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) i.e. Rs.3.0205 crores (302.05 Lacs), i.e. Rs. 6,10,000/-) Road will be maintained properly through CER. Moreover, budgetary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lacs per year under made under CSR for social welfare activities.
4. Approximately 25-30 local people will get employment as per desired qualification from proposed mining activity
*Dust suppression will be carried out through water sprinkling which will start immediately after start of mining operations. *Road maintenance will start right after the OB removal in the mining lease area. *Employment generation prior to start of Mining activity.
*Capital cost of Rs. 5 lakh & Recurring cost of Rs. 3.10 lakh (TABLE 10.2 chp.10) is allocated for Air pollution control. *Road maintenance is included in Budgetary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lacs per year (point no. 6, Table 10.2 chp.10) made under CSR. *The workers will be paid as per prevailing minimum wages act or as per demand supply whichever is higher.
3. Mrs. Manjusha Chavan, Nagpur
Ownership of I want to plan The Government of Surface rights Compensatory
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-4
Type of Queries
Objections/ comments/ suggestion
Reply from project proponent Time Frame Budgetary Provision
land in Mine Lease area
Agricultural project on my land. Oppose to proposed Mining project as we don’t want to give our land for mining activity. Project Proponent doesn’t own any land in the Mine Lease area.
Maharashtra notified the area for Mining of Manganese mineral (Notification dated 9
th
November 2006).
Mrs. Manjusha Chavan along with her husband had already applied for Prospecting License under the company name M/s. Vasushresha Mines and Minerals dated 8
th October
2009 which was not considered by Govt. of Maharashtra because PL was already given to Project Proponent by Government of Maharashtra dated 22 September 2008.
The Govt. of Maharashtra issued Letter of Intent to project proponent vide Letter no. MMN-0915/CN99/industry-9 dtd. 18 January 2016 against Mining lease application dated 20 Jan 2011.
The proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine comprises in 26.67 Ha. Out of which Mrs. Manjusha Chavan have only 1.76 Ha of land ownership.
Surface rights will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity as per condition laid down by state government in Mining Lease order.
All due permissions will be obtained prior to commencement of mining operations.
will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity as per condition laid down by state government in Mining Lease order.
budget for private land owners in ML area is proposed as Rs. 2.96 crores. (section 7.5 chp.7)
4. Mrs Gauri Desai, Pune
Effect on Agricultural production
My farm is adjacent to Mine lease area, will it be affected by mining activity.
It’s a Manual mine where breaking & sorting of rocks will be done by mine workers. At the end of 5 year plan only 0.2544 Ha. area will be broken & plantation will be done in 0.2850 Ha. area which will restrict dust.; Controlled blasting will be done so that dust emission will be very less.; Water sprinkling on haul road.; Maximum per day production of Manganese is expected to be approximate 11 tons. Hence only one 15 Ton Truck/Tipper per day will be used for transport of material & dust emission will be negligible.; No effluent generation from Mine site.
Dust suppression will be carried out through Water Sprinkling which will start immediately after start of mining operations.
Capital cost of Rs. 5 lakh & Recurring cost of Rs. 3.10 lakh (TABLE 10.2 chp.10) is allocated for Air pollution control. Expense of mobile water tankers will be done from the budget allocated for control of air pollution.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-5
Type of Queries
Objections/ comments/ suggestion
Reply from project proponent Time Frame Budgetary Provision
Check dams & settling tank will check transportation of suspended particulates via run off of rain water ensuring no pollution of soil or GW will take place in adjacent land.
5. Mr. Atmaram Sukhlal Kumre, Dudhala(Khurd) PO. Sawanga, Tq. Sausar, Dist. Chindwada
Ownership of land in Mine Lease area, ML Application
Application for ML is made by me prior to Mr. Belorkar. Project Proponent doesn’t own any land in the Mine Lease area. Oppose to proposed Mining project.
The Govt. of Maharashtra issued Letter of Intent to project proponent vide Letter no. MMN-0915/CN99/industry-9 dtd. 18 January 2016 against Mining lease application dated 20 Jan 2011.
Mr. Atmaram Sukhlal Kumre through M/s. Vasushresha Mines and Minerals dated 8
th
October 2009 which was not considered by Govt. of Maharashtra because PL was already given to Project Proponent by Government of Maharashtra dated 22 September 2008.
Surface rights will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity as per condition laid down by state government in Mining Lease order.
Surface rights will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity as per condition laid down by state government in Mining Lease order.
Compensatory budget for private land owners in ML area is proposed as Rs. 2.96 crores. (section 7.5 chp.7)
6. Mr Vootkuri Sunanda Reddy, Environmentalist & President, Dharithri Paryavarana Parirakshana Samstha, Shivaji nagar, Nagpur
Importance of project for economy & employment. Environment quality.
Project is necessary for growth of economy & employment generation. Consultant has already conducted Baseline survey of air, water, and land in 10km radius study area and it is very good.
Thanks for appreciation and welcoming the project
- -
7. Mr. Ashok Rajendra Bhagwat, Kawatha Village, Saoner, Nagpur
1.Effect on Agriculture
2.Road maintenance
3.Ground water depletion
4. Employment
1. Agriculture crop productivity may get damage as my Field in the vicinity of ML area
2. Vehicular activity related to mining activity already degraded the road quality.
3. Water for mining
1. Already explained in previous question by Mrs. Sushma Devidas Pachpute.
2. Maximum per day production of Manganese is expected to be approximate 11 tons. Hence only one 15 Ton Truck/Tipper per day will be used for transport of material & dust emission will be negligible.
3. Only 15 KLD water is required
Employment procedure will start prior to start of Mining activity.
Capital cost Rs. 5 lakh & Rec. cost of Rs. 3.10 lakh (TABLE 10.2 chp.10) towards Air pollution control. Expense of mobile water tankers will be done from the budget allocated
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-6
Type of Queries
Objections/ comments/ suggestion
Reply from project proponent Time Frame Budgetary Provision
activity will be used from village hence depletion of GW level.
4. Local people will not get employment.
for the proposed mining project & that will be procured from registered water supplier.
4. Approximately 25-30 local people will get employment from proposed mining activity as per required qualification.
for control of air pollution. *Road maintenance is included in budgetary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lakhs (point no. 6, Table 10.2 chp.10) per year made under CSR. *The workers will be paid as per prevailing minimum wages act or as per demand supply whichever is higher.
8. Mr. Sharad Jaysinghrao Chavan, Nagpur
Ownership of land in Mine Lease area. Effect on Adjacent land area
I want to start an Agricultural Project in land adjacent to ML area & it will be affected by Proposed Mining activity.
Mr. Sharad Chavan already applied for Prospecting License under the company name M/s. Vasushresha Mines and Minerals dated 8
th October 2009 which was
not considered by Govt. of Maharashtra because PL was already given to Project Proponent by Government of Maharashtra dated 22 September 2008. This showed that there will not be any agricultural project rather malicious intentions.
Dust suppression will be carried out through. Water Sprinkling will start immediately after start of mining operations.
Capital cost of Rs. 5 lakh & Recurring cost of Rs. 3.10 lakh (TABLE 10.2 chp.10) is allocated for Air pollution control. Expense of mobile water tankers will be done from the budget allocated for control of air pollution.
9. Ritesh Patil
Road If the proposed project gets NOC then what type & level of road it will be which PP will develop?
It will be a general kachha road constructed by Overburden/waste material from mine site.
Road maintenance will start right after the OB removal in the mining lease area.
Road maintenance is included in Budgetary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lacs (point no. 6, Table 10.2 chp.10) per year made under CSR.
10. Mrs. Jamgade
Road Maintenance of road should be done before start of vehicular activity related to this project.
Vehicular activity will start after removal of OB for the transport of Ore to the buyer’s location. Therefore, road maintenance will start immediately after removal of
Road maintenance will start right after the OB removal in the mining lease area.
Road maintenance is included in Budgetiary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lacs (point
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-7
Type of Queries
Objections/ comments/ suggestion
Reply from project proponent Time Frame Budgetary Provision
OB from ML. no. 6, Table 10.2 chp.10) per year made under CSR.
11. Mr. Manoj Pachpute, kawtha
Employment Local people should get employment in the proposed project. Support for the project.
Approximately 25-30 local people will get employment from proposed mining activity as per required qualification.
Employment generation prior to start of Mining activity.
The workers will be paid as per prevailing minimum wages act or as per demand supply whichever
is higher.
12. Mr. Ashok Rajendra Bhagwat, Kawatha Village, Saoner, Nagpur
Road 1. What will be done first, Road or Mining activity? What is the specification of road to be developed & who will maintain the road?
2. How much quantity of material will be transported from the village road?
3. Grampanchayat NOC shall be furnished.
1. It will be a general kachha road constructed by Overburden/waste material from mine site. As soon as the Overburden is removed, same will be used to construct a good quality kachha road before start of Mining of ore.
2. Maximum per day production of Manganese is expected to be approximate 11 tons. Hence only one truck/Tipper of 15 Ton will be used per day for transport of material & hence dust emission will be negligible & very negligible effect on road quality which will be mitigated by proper maintenance by PP.
Road maintenance will start right after the OB removal in the mining lease area.
All due permissions will be obtained prior to commencement of mining operations.
*Road maintenance is included in budgetary provision of Rs. 1.3 Lacs (point no. 6, Table 10.2 chp.10) per year made under CSR.
*No budgetary provision for obtaining grampanchayat NOC
13. Mrs. Manjusha Chavan
NOC from Forest Department not obtained & also
NOC from land owners not obtained
NOC from Forest Department not obtained & also
NOC from land owners not obtained
As per the land record documents, all the land in Mine Lease area is a Private land & no forest land in involved. However, letter mentioning no forest land involved in ML, is obtained from Dy. Forest conservator (Nagpur) as asked by EAC before grant of ToR. is enclosed as Annexure - IX
Surface rights will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity as per condition laid down by state government in Mining Lease order.
Surface rights will be acquired by project proponent prior to start the Mining activity
Compensatory budget for private land owners in ML area is proposed as Rs. 2.96 crores. (section 7.5 chp.7)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-8
7.2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
7.2.1 Occupational Health
For any industry, where multiple activities are involved during construction, operation and
maintenance; the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the boons,
industrialization generally brings several problems like occupational health and safety. Mining
Industry is not an exception and above also holds good.
Therefore, proper plan and steps are required to be taken to minimize the impact of mining and for
ensuring appropriate occupational health during the constructional and operational phases.
Occupational health as such needs attention during construction, operation and mine closure phases.
Construction
There will be no construction proposed except temporary mines office, rest shelter. The occupational
health problems envisaged at this stage are mainly due to dust, noise and accident associated with
various constructional activities. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements to reduce it
within Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s), necessary protective equipment will have to be supplied to
workers.
Operational
The problem of occupational health during mining is primarily due to dust and noise which could
affect the workers from respiratory and hearing problems. Pre-employment and periodic training on
occupational health and safety will be imparted to all the employees of the mine. The necessary
personal protective equipment’s like helmets, ear plugs, safety shoes, goggles, hand gloves, etc. will
be provided to all the workers. Necessary provision for first aid will be maintained at site office and
with site supervisor. A vehicle will be kept ready at mine site for transportation of injured person to
nearby hospital, in case of emergency.
Full-fledged hospital facilities are available at Saoner town. All working personnel will be medically
examined at least once in every year and at the end of his term of employment. This is in addition to
the pre-employment medical examination.
To avoid Manganese poisoning following measures will be adopted-
1. Provision of wet drilling and dust collectors;
2. Provision of personnel protection devices for the workers;
3. Periodic health checkup
7.2.2 Safety Plan
An effective organization of the mine including safety plan shall be put into place as per DGMS
Guidelines/ Circulars, which shall include all safety precautions during the mining operations, posting
of sufficient number of statutory officials and persons, disaster management, etc, for which sufficient
funds shall be provided. Since mining is a hazardous industry, necessary measures shall be taken to
prevent accident due to following anticipated hazardous/risk prone activities.
Slope failure;
Handling of explosives;
Fly-rocks during blasting;
Movement of Trucks/Tippers;
Inundation due to surface water;
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-9
Dust hazards;
Hazards associated with use of electricity/ Diesel Generator Sets; and
Flooding of lower benches
7.2.2.1 Statutory Rules
Deployment of Trucks/Tippers in any mine for excavation of minerals needs planning of various
activities in confirmation with the prevailing statutory provisions as per Mines Act 1952, Metalliferous
Mines Regulation 1957, various DGMS circulars & bye-laws.
All applicable statutory rules, regulations, bye-laws etc. and statutory requirement related to Govt.
licenses, workers compensation, insurance, etc., including minimum wage act for workers employed
by the outside agency shall be adhered to. Any other rule imposed by local/state/central authorities
shall also be complied by user of Trucks/Tippers equipment and then shall have to supply various
protective equipment viz. helmets, shoes, safety gear for welding, working at height, electrical
apparatus handling, etc. to the workmen at Management's cost.
7.2.2.2 Safety Aspects for Trucks/Tippers /Equipment and Workers
Special precaution shall be taken in case of outsourcing the Trucks/Tippers and workers in the mine.
Some of the major safety aspects before outsourcing of workers & Trucks/Tippers to the mine are
enumerated as follows:
(A) For Workers
No worker shall be deployed unless he is skilled enough to take up the designated
assignment and trained at VTC;
Records in Form- B and Form- D shall be maintained;
Records of vocational training certificate and driving license of operators shall be kept by
Trucks/Tippers outsourcing agency and shall be made readily available for inspection by
management;
No persons shall be employed unless person holds VTC certificate and management is
informed. A record of it shall be maintained;
A vehicle will be kept ready at mine site for transportation of injured person to nearby hospital,
in case of emergency.
Adequate supervision shall be maintained by qualified competent persons;
Outside agency shall follow safety guidelines and safety instruction from project authorities;
All drivers shall obey traffics rules prepared by the management; and
Before deploying workers, they must be trained and briefed about safety aspects in opencast
mine. However, during course of execution of the work, if any accident occurs, whether major
or minor, the matter shall have to be immediately informed to the mine management so that
notices of accidents in a accordance of (Reg.9 of MMR 1957) and Section-23 of Mines Act,
1952 may be given and other necessary steps may be taken in accordance with the Mines
Act, 1952.
(B) For Machineries as Recommended by DGMS Circular (Tech.) 1 of 1999
All machineries to be deployed in mines shall be checked before deployment by competent
authority;
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-10
Regular checking of machines deployed shall be done. No unfit machine shall be deployed
before the defect is rectified;
A proper record of repair and maintenance along with inspection done by management and
defect pointed out shall be maintained and signed by authorized person;
The Trucks/Tippers shall be provided with audio visual alarms, proper light for use at night
and period when natural light is not sufficient. Also audio-visual alarms for reversing of
Trucks/Tippers shall be provided;
RTO certificate photo copies of all vehicles shall be submitted to manager;
Regular inspection of Trucks/Tippers shall be done by the agency’s mechanic as directed by
the management;
Machine manufacturers shall be asked to give risk analysis details in respect machines
deployed by outside agencies;
Suitable fire extinguishers shall be provided in every machine;
Transport system will be deployed in such a way so as to minimize pollution in the mine and
keep the environmental status as recommended under the approved EMP
7.2.2.3 Stability of Benches, Quarry High Walls and Spoil Dumps
During mining operations, it is necessary to adopt suitable parameters for the stability of benches,
high-walls and spoil dumps. The ultimate pit slope & the angle of repose in dumps should be kept
450. It is also mandatory to examine systematically the fencing of mine pits, landslides and cracks
between benches. It is required to maintain well graded and wide roads on benches keeping the
width of working areas sufficient for spreading of blasted rock and movement of the mining and
transport equipment.
During mining operation, systematic observations and regular monitoring of the condition of benches,
high-wall slopes and spoil dumps shall be carried out and the dimensions shall be modified if
necessary, to suit the local conditions.
7.2.2.4 Precautions against Danger of Inundation from Surface Water
There is no major river flowing nearby the mine site. A garland drain will be provided to drain
away the storm water from entering into the mine.
Inspections for any accumulation of rain water, obstruction in normal drainage;
Standing order for withdrawal of working persons in case of apprehended danger;
During heavy rain, inspection of vulnerable points is essential. In case of any danger, persons are
to be withdrawn to safer places;
7.2.2.5 Prevention of Flooding of Equipment Deployed at Bottom Horizons
During the heavy monsoon period, the mining operation in the lower-most benches shall be stopped.
Adequate pumping capacity on the basis of historical data of maximum rainfall and distribution of
rainfall has to be designed. But in case of unprecedented rainfall, machineries like Jack Hammer Drill
and compressor, if any shall be withdrawn from lower benches temporarily and redeployed after
dewatering in the lower benches again. It is important to note that the mining operation is manual
opencast based.
7.2.2.6 Dust Suppression
Following measures shall be adopted for dust suppression at all quarry working places, dump, haul
roads, and near other auxiliary mining operations:
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-11
Water sprinklers shall be deployed in haul road.
Spraying with water on all working faces.
While drilling holes, drills with necessary dust extraction arrangement shall be used.
Leveling of spoil dump surface.
Maintaining the engine and exhaust conditioners properly, so as to keep emission gases
within limits and regular checking of exhaust and recording the same.
7.2.2.7 Fire Fighting and Fire Prevention
In addition to statutory provisions, the measures for firefighting and prevention of fires will be as
follows:
Provision of portable fire extinguishers.
Emergency organization shall be formed to deal with emergency during fire. The organization
shall have names of responsible person along with their telephone numbers. Their duties shall
be clearly specified and the persons shall be properly trained. Mock drills shall be held.
7.2.2.8 Measures during Drilling and Blasting
Following measures shall be taken while drilling and blasting operations in the quarry:
1. Drilling and blasting in quarry shall be done in accordance with the provisions of Mines Act,
rules and regulations;
2. Adequate safety measures will be taken during blasting operations in the quarry so that
men/machines are not affected;
3. Ground vibration due to blasting will be controlled by following:
Reducing the explosive charge per delay.
Spacing and burden are to be optimized by the blasting engineer.
Reducing the amount of explosive charged per blast.
Adoption of controlled blasting by using suitable initiating sequence and delay.
4. Blasting time is generally fixed at lunch interval or after the working shift-taking.
5. All required precautions, like marking the danger zone with red flags, Use of warning signals, siren and providing blasting shelters etc.
7.2.2.9 Slope failure prevention & Mitigation measures
The ultimate pit slope & the angle of repose in dumps should be kept 450.
Manual supervision of bench slopes & dumps.
Immediate repair & restoration work if there is any occurrence of initial slope failures.
Grass plantation on slopes of dumps.
7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of various hazards (unsafe conditions)
that will exist in the mines. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and
quantification of risks, mining equipment and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting
from the hazards present in the mine. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-12
the identification and assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of
hazards present.
In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks, maximum credible
accident analysis, and consequence analysis are addressed which gives a broad identification of
risks involved. Based on the risk estimation disaster management plan has to be prepared.
The mining will be carried out under the management control and direction of a qualified Mine
Manager holding a first class manager’s certificate of competency. The DGMS have been regularly
issuing standing orders, model standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mine management
in case of disaster, if any. Moreover, mining staff will be sent to refresher courses from time to time to
keep them alert. However, following natural/industrial hazards may occur during normal operation:
Accident due to explosives;
Accident due to heavy mining equipment
In order to take care of above hazard/disasters, the following control measures will be adopted:
All safety precautions and provisions of the Mine Act, 1952 and the Mines Rules, 1955 will be
strictly followed during all mining operations;
Entry of unauthorized persons will be prohibited;
Firefighting and first-aid provisions in the mines office and mining area;
Provisions of all the safety appliances such as safety boot, helmets, goggles etc. will be made
available to the employees and regular check for their use;
Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in hazardous premises; Under
mines rules all employees of mines shall have to undergo the training at a regular interval;
Working of mine, as per approved plans and regularly updating the mine plans;
Handling of explosives, charging and blasting will be carried out by competent persons only;
Regular maintenance and testing of all mining equipment as per manufacturer’s guidelines;
Suppression of dust on the haulage roads;
Increasing the awareness of safety and disaster through competitions, posters and other similar
drives.
7.3.1 Storage of explosives
Explosives will be brought on the specified day of blasting & will be consumed the same day. Only
competent persons will be allowed to handle explosives.
Precautionary measures during blasting
(a) Although the mine is away from any major habitation, precaution will be taken to minimize
nuisance caused by blasting. All necessary safety precaution will be taken in accordance with the
explosive act. Precaution will also be taken as per MMR 1961 106(2) (b) for deep hole drilling &
Blasting and usage of heavy earth moving machinery.
(b) Drilling and blasting operations will be carried on strictly as per the provision of MMR, 1961 under
the strict supervision of qualified persons. For storage and issue of explosives, the relevant
provisions of Indian Explosives Rules, 1983 will be followed. Blasting time is generally fixed at
lunch interval or after the working shift-taking. All required precautions, like marking the danger
zone with red flags, use of warning signals and providing blasting shelters etc.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-13
Measures to Prevent Accidents due to Trucks and Tippers
All transportation within the main working area would be carried out under the direct
supervision and control of the management;
The vehicles will be maintained in good repairs and checked thoroughly at least once a week
by a competent person authorized for this purpose by the management;
Broad signs would be provided at each and every turning point specially for the guidance of
the drivers ;
To avoid dangers while reversing the vehicles, all areas as far as possible, will be made man
free and
A statutory provision of the fence, constant education, training etc. will go a long way in
reducing the incidence of such accidents.
7.3.2 Disaster Management Plan
The disaster management plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment, protection of
installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this order of priorities.
The disaster/ emergency situations will be countered with an organizational chart entrusting
responsibility to various mine personnel with their specific roles during emergency and will be
updated from time to time.
The composition of the disaster management team will be:-
1. Mines Manager
2. Site Supervisors/ Foremen
3. Personnel/Administrative Manager/Environmental Manager
4. First Aid Expert/ Medical Coordinator
5. Transport in-charge
For effective implementation of the disaster management plan including the following facilities would be
widely circulated and personnel training through rehearsals/drills.
Infrastructure at site
1. Emergency Control Room
Site office will be used as Emergency Control Room. Following facilities will be kept ready at the site
office for use in emergency conditions:
a. Master plan of the mines. b. First aid boxes c. Gas masks.
d. Telephone line with STD facility. e. Loud speakers f. Emergency lighting system.
g. Stretchers. h. Transport facility.
Assembly Points
Assembly points will be set up in the Mine lease at farthest from the location of likely hazardous
events, where pre-designated persons from the works, contractors and visitors would assemble in
case of emergency. Up-to-date list of pre-designated employees of various departments will be
available at these points so that roll call could be taken. Pre-designated persons would take charge of
these points and mark presence as the people come into it.
Communication System
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-14
Different types of alarms to differentiate types of emergencies will be assigned and communicated.
Alarms will be followed by an announcement over Public Address System. In case of failure of alarm
system, communication will be made through Public Address System (loud speakers). If everything
fails, a messenger will be used for sending the information.
Warning System and Control
The Control Centers will be located at an area of minimum risk or vulnerability in the premises
concerned, taking into account the wind direction, areas which might be affected by fire/explosion,
toxic releases, etc. For promptness and efficiency, the premises/storage sites will be divided into
number of zones, which will be clearly marked on the site plan.
Emergency Services
This includes the fire-fighting system, first aid center, ambulance etc. Alternate sources of power
supply, communication with local bodies, fire brigade etc., will be identified and clearly demarcated at
control room. Adequate number of external and internal telephone connections will be provided.
Fire Protection System
The fire protection system in the proposed manganese mine consist of portable fire extinguishers of
suitable types and capacities to be placed in cabins of Trucks/Tippers, transport vehicles and
additional fire extinguishers at site office. Water pumps will be used for supporting the firefighting
arrangements.
7.4 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The impacts of the mining project on socio-economic conditions of the people of surrounding villages
are assessed based on interactions with representative of Project Proponent and local population. It
is anticipated that the proposed project after start of operation will further bring following benefits to
the people of the surrounding villages:
Generation of additional employment and marginal improved standard of living;
Increased revenue to the State by way of royalty, taxes and duties;
Improved infrastructure facilities etc.
In addition to above, due to increase in purchasing power of local habitants, there will be slight
improvement in the socio-economic scenario of the area.
7.5 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT ASPECTS
The Kawatha Manganese Mine in 26.67 Ha lease area. There is no hutment or any village within the
Mine Lease area & all the land is barren land as per land records and surface features also. Hence
no rehabilitation and resettlement is required. However, the land belongs to private land holders
which will be acquired by Project Proponent at the market rate prevailing at that time prior to start of
Mining operation. Budgetary Provision for compensation to the private land owners is made as below.
At present, the market rate is around Rs.10 lakhs/ Ha. The list of khasara no./Survey no. involved in Mine Lease area, their area in Ha. along with the approximate compensation package is as given below for entire 26.67 Ha. mine lease area.
Survey no. Area in Ha. Amount to be paid (Rs.)
Remark
251 2.85 3150000 There is no hutment or village in Mine Lease area & all the
253 4.30 4600000
254 1.00 1300000
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 7- Additional Studies 7-15
255 1.12 1420000 land inside Ml is barren as per land records.
259 4.48 4780000
267 5.44 5740000
268 1.88 2180000
269 1.20 1500000
271 2.20 2500000
272 2.20 2500000
Total 2,96,70,000 Total compensation amount is calculated as 2,96,70,000/- which is included in the project cost.
CHAPTER-8 PROJECT BENEFITS
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 8- Project Benefit 8-1
8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 NEED BASED ASSESSMENT
Socio-economic survey conducted in the villages located within 10 km radius of the Kawatha
Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District,
Maharashtra state brings out that villages are lacking in basic amenities like healthcare in Kawtha
Village, road, unemployment, treated drinking water, higher education and sanitation facilities etc. The
survey also reveals that the literacy rate in the area is moderate and the people are mostly engaged in
nearby cotton industries and agriculture related activities. Water scarcity arises during summer season.
Based on socio-economic survey, the following are expectations of local people from the proposed
kawatha manganese mining project:
Employment Medical facilities
Drinking water facilities Improvement in education facilities
Vocational training to unemployed youth Control of dust pollution
Improvement of roads Emergency ambulance facility
The company has made budgetary provision for Corporate Social Responsibility of Rs. 1.3 Lakhs per
annum for aforesaid activities. The implementation of aforesaid activities will be carried out after
consultation with Gram Panchayat and Block Development Officer.
8.2 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER)
As per O.M. dated 01/05/2018 issued by MoEFCC, New Delhi regarding Corporate Environment
Responsibility (C.E.R.). The Proposed project cost is Rs. 3.0205 crore. Thus, as per CER OM 2% i.e.
6.10 lakhs will be spent towards Corporate Environment Responsibility. The CER budget along with
capital expanses with different heads are given below.
TABLE 9.1
BUDGET PROPOSED FOR CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY
Sl. Particulars Proposed CER Expenses (In. Lakhs Rs.)
Activities proposed to be Carried out under CER at Govt. School at Kawtha Village
1. Rainwater Harvesting in School 1.4
2. Solar Power System in School 1.3
3. Running water in Toilet 0.8
4. RO water System with storage containers 1.0
5. Plantation in school open land 0.6
6. Environmental Awareness Program in School 1.0
Total 6.10
• Total project cost Rs. 3.0205 crore (i.e Rs.3,02,05,000 Lakhs) @ 2% CER - Rs. 6.10 Lakhs
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 8- Project Benefit 8-2
8.2 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION
The manpower requirement will be approx. of 20-30 persons. Mostly local persons will be employed
in the mine. The impact of mining on the economic aspects can be clearly anticipated. The
employment potential will ameliorate economic conditions of these families directly and provide
employment to many other families indirectly who are involved in business and service oriented
activities.
The employment of local people in project will upgrade the prosperity of the region. These will in-turn
marginally improve the socio-economic conditions of the area.
Besides the above, with the implementation of this proposed Manganese mine project, revenue is
generated to State Government & marginally helpful to bridge up supply & demand gap of
manganese ore.
CHAPTER-9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT
ANALYSIS
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha
Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra
Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 9 – Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 9-1
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
The Project proponent has proposed to produce 2732 TPA ROM Manganese from the proposed mine
located at village Kawatha, Tehsil Saoner, District Nagpur in Maharashtra state. The environmental
costs for the project includes costs for controlling adverse impacts on ambient environment for air
quality, noise levels, water resources and quality, land environment, socio-economic environment,
crop productivity, etc. The Project Proponent will incur the environmental cost by adopting the
pollution control measures to minimize impacts on the environmental parameters of the area like:
Air Pollution Control Measures
Provision of mobile water sprinklers, green belt development on 7.5m safety zone, etc will be adopted
to control dust. Water sprinkling and controlled blasting will be carried out in order to reduce dust
generation.
Noise Control Measures
Necessary noise control measures like enclosures to stationary equipment, development of thick
green belt, periodic maintenance of machineries and equipment, etc will be carried out. Ear plugs/ear
muffs will be provided to workers exposed to high noise generating areas.
Water Pollution Control Measures
No process waste water will be expected to be generated except rain water from pit. The storm water
run-off from mine lease area would be diverted by garland drains all along the periphery of mine while
rain water, accumulated in pit would be supplied to nearby farmers after passing it through settling
tank. Domestic effluent from toilets will be discharged in septic tank and soak pit system.
Land degradation control Measures
Land use of the mine lease area will be changed. The mined out pits will be backfilled to the
maximum extent along with creation of water reservoir. Top soil will be spread on the backfilled area
and the original land use of the area may be resumed. Water reservoir will be developed in the lower
benches of the remaining mine pit and plantation will be carried out on the top benches.
Socio-economic conditions
The proposed mine will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people.
Also, there will be improvement in the infrastructure facilities in the nearby villages due to the
proposed mine. The development in the area will also support to increase the economic growth and
thereby the quality of life of the people.
9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
The overall impact due to this mining activity will be positive. There will be opportunity for some
indirect employment to the nearby population & improvement in the infrastructure facilities mainly
education and medical facilities. The project proponent will play a proactive role in enhancing the
earnings and quality of life of the local population.
CHAPTER-10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
PLAN
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-1
10.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)
The environmental management plan consists of following set of mitigation, management, monitoring
and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation of the project, to
eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels.
Overall conservation of environment.
Minimization of natural resources and water.
Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.
Monitoring of cumulative and longtime impacts.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Waste generation and pollution.
Judicious use of the present environmental management plan addresses, the components of
environment, which are likely to be affected by the different operations in proposed
manganese mine project.
10.1 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND
CONSERVATION
The mine will be supervised and controlled by an independent Mines Manager supported by
adequate team of technically and statutorily qualified personnel apart from the operating staff of
skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled and other categories.
Environment Management Cell (EMC) will be established and headed by Lessee Smt. Rachana A.
Belorkar and will also comprise of the mines manager, Environmental Scientist, horticulture expert
and supervisor. The Organizational Structure of Environment Management Cell is presented in
Figure-10.1.
The Environmental scientist will be responsible for environment management activities in the mine.
Officers from various disciplines will co-ordinate the activities concerned with the management and
implementation of the environmental control measures. Basically, this cell will assist and guide mining
operations team in maintaining eco-friendly mine operations and waste dumping process and other
environmental issues. Besides this, EMC will supervise the monitoring of environmental pollution
levels viz. ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise level by appointing external agencies.
In addition, the cell will also involve in collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the
region, afforestation and green belt development & submission of periodical reports to the respective
statutory authorities.
In case, the environmental monitoring results are found to exceed the allowable limits, the
Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and gets these suggestions
implemented through the concerned authorities.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-2
Note* since the project activity is very small the CSR activity will be supervised by Mine Manager
FIGURE 10.1: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
10.2 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ACTION PLAN PROPOSED FOR
MITIGATION
Anticipated adverse environmental impacts and mitigation measures are summarized in Table-10.1.
TABLE 10.1:
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ACTION PLAN PROPOSED FOR MITIGATION
Environmental
Component Project Activities Impacts Action Plan Proposed
Air Quality
Drilling and
Blasting
Dust (SPM/RPM) is
produced during
drilling and blasting
operations
1. Use of dust aprons on drilling equipment and
adopting wet drilling methods.
2. Avoiding blasting during adverse weather
conditions.
3. Use of controlled blasting practice
4. Development of greenbelt.
Extraction of
manganese ore,
Loading /
unloading
activities
Increase in
SPM/RPM levels in
ambient air and
SO2/NOx
concentration levels
in ambient air due to
vehicular emissions.
5. Exposed area will be limited to the minimum
required for mining operations.
6. Periodic sprinkling of water on working faces,
7. Regular preventive maintenance of mine
machinery
Transportation of
manganese ore
Increase in
SPM/RPM level due
to dust generation
and SO2/NOx
concentration levels
in ambient air due to
vehicular emissions.
8. Regular sprinkling of water on haul and
access roads.
9. Periodic maintenance of transport vehicles.
10. Periodic maintenance of haul roads
General
equipment
operations
Increased SPM/RPM
and SO2/NOx
concentrations in
ambient air.
11. Regular maintenance of all equipment to
minimize particulate matter and gaseous
emissions from diesel engines.
All activities Excessive 12. Provision of dust masks to workers exposed
Lessee
Mines Manager
Environmental Scientist
External Laboratory Approved by MoEF/MPCB & NABET accredited Environment
consultant
Chemist (1) Field Assistant (1)
Horticulture expert (1) Gardener (1)
Water Sprinkler Operator (1) Unskilled Labour (1)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-3
Environmental
Component Project Activities Impacts Action Plan Proposed
occupational
exposures to
airborne particulate
matter.
to dusty operations / areas.
Noise Levels and
Ground Vibrations
Blasting High impulsive noise
levels, overpressure
and ground
vibrations impacts
and noise related
community
annoyance
13. Small scale blasting will be carried out.
14. Controlled blasting using delay detonators will
be carried out to minimize ground vibrations.
15. Charge per delay will be kept optimum.
16. Muffle blasting will be carried out in area
facing Kawatha habitation.
17. Blasting will be conducted during lunch
(noon) time when no employees are present
in mine working area.
General activities
including machine
operations and
transportation of
Manganese ore.
Increase in noise
levels occupational
hazard due to noise
exposures and
increase in ambient
noise levels.
18. Periodic maintenance of all mining machinery
and transport vehicles
19. Provision of effective silencers to all mine
machinery
20. Provision of ear plugs/ear muffs to workers
exposed to high noise generating operations
21. Development of thick plantation around mine
lease boundary to act as a noise screen.
22. Regular noise monitoring will be carried-out.
23. DG set with acoustic enclose will be used.
Water Resources
and Quality
Dewatering Reduction in
groundwater
availability
Deterioration in
surface/ground
water quality of
receiving body.
24. Surface run-off from mining area will be
collected in settling tank / mine sump and will
be used for dust suppression and plantation.
25. There will not be any process effluent
discharge from the mine.
26. Domestic effluent will be discharged in septic
tank and soak pit system.
27. At conceptual stage, mined out pit will be
converted into water reservoir, which will help
in recharging ground water table and will be
available to nearby villagers as an additional
surface water body.
Water required in
mine for dust
suppression,
plantation and
domestic use.
Reduction in
groundwater
availability for
domestic and for
irrigation purposes.
28. Surface run-off from mining area will be
collected in settling tank / mine sump and will
be used for dust suppression and plantation.
29. Water for drinking and domestic use will be
supplied from tanker from nearby village.
30. At conceptual stage, mined out pit will be
converted into water reservoir, which will help
in recharging ground water table and will be
available to nearby villagers as an additional
surface water body.
31. Rainwater harvesting structures will be
constructed in nearby villages.
Waste water
generated from
domestic usage at
mine.
Deterioration in
ground water and soil
quality when
discharged untreated
32. There will not be any process effluent
discharge from the mine.
33. Domestic effluent will be discharged in septic
tank and soak pit system.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-4
Environmental
Component Project Activities Impacts Action Plan Proposed
for greenbelt
development
Hydrogeology and
Drainage pattern
Mining activities May impact regional
hydrology and
drainage pattern of
the area.
34. No ground water depletion. However, at
conceptual stage, mined out pit will be
converted into water reservoir, which will help
in recharging ground water table and will be
available to nearby villagers as an additional
surface water body.
35. Rainwater harvesting structures will be
constructed in nearby villages.
Landuse and Soil
Characteristics
Mining operations. Land use of the mine
lease area will be
changed.
Impact due to settling
of air borne dust on
soil outside ML area.
Land degradation
due to disposal of
solid wastes.
36. Development of thick plantation around mine
lease area, waste dump area and on
undisturbed area.
37. Adoption of adequate air pollution control
measures to control dust emissions.
38. At conceptual stage, mined out pit will be
converted into water reservoir. Plantation will
be developed on top benches of mined out
pit. This will improve aesthetic view of the ML
area.
Biological
environment
Dust emission
due to proposed
mining activity in
at Kawatha mine.
Dust deposition on
vegetation &
agriculture crop
around periphery of
ML area may reduce
the crop productivity
specifically within
500m from mine
lease area.
39. Development of thick green belt around mine
lease boundary and plantation on undisturbed
area, benches of mined out area, waste
dump area, etc. using native flora species.
Fencing around ML area to avoid stray
animals as the ML area near to forest area.
40. Transport through covered trucks. Water
Sprinkling will be carried out at loading &
unloading point; regular water sprinkling
within the mining area and also on haulage
road will be carried out.
41. The waste material/OB dumps will be
covered with shrubs and grasses plantation.
Environmental
Pollution,
Occupational
Health, Safety
Overall Mining
operation
Occupational health
issues, Community
disturbance, risk of
accidents, etc
42. Adoption of suitable pollution control
measures in the mines like periodic water
sprinkling to avoid the dust nuisance
43. Provision of pre-employment and periodic
training on health and safety to all the
workers in the mine
44. Adoption of safe working practices
45. Maintaining proper housekeeping at working
places.
46. Provision of necessary personal protective
equipments to all mine workers
47. Periodic maintenance of mine machinery and
transport vehicles
48. Display of warning signals at strategic
locations.
Socio-economic
Aspects
Mining operations Increase in
employment
49. Direct employment from 20 to 30 persons.
50. Mostly local people will be employed in the
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-5
Environmental
Component Project Activities Impacts Action Plan Proposed
opportunities both
direct and indirect
thereby increasing
economic status of
people of the region.
mine.
51. Mine management will carry out CSR
activities in the nearby villages to improve
socio-economic conditions of the villages.
52. The Mine management will spend about Rs.
1.30 Lakhs annually on CSR to improve the
basic facilities such as education, health and
sanitation and communication etc. in the
nearby villages.
10.3 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
The details of Environmental Management program for different environmental protection and control
activities along with capital and annual recurring cost are given in Table 10.2.
The capital cost of the project is approx. Rs 302 Lakhs. It is proposed to provide an amount of
Rs. 29.05 Lakh as capital cost and Rs. 10.00 Lakhs per annum as recurring expenses towards
implementation of the environmental action plan.
TABLE 10.2: BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP
Sl.
No. Description of item
Capital Cost
(Rs. in lakh)
Recurring cost
(Rs. in lakh)
1 Air Pollution Control -
Water sprinkling on haul road & plantation
5.00 3.10
2 Water Pollution Control
(Settling tank, Garland Drains, etc.)
3.00 0.70
3 Noise Pollution Control
(Ear plugs, Machinery maintenance etc.)
0.05 1.0
3 Environmental Monitoring - 2.50
4 Green belt Development/ plantation within ML area 2.00 0.80
5 Occupational Health & Safety Measures 3.00 0.60
6 Socio-economic welfare activities in nearby villages under
CSR
- 1.30
7 Conservation Plan for Schedule-I species 16.00
Total 29.05 10.00
*Note: Fund for socio-economic welfare will be majorly used for Road maintenance as the emphasis of local
people during public hearing was on road maintenance.
The EMP cost of Rs. 16.00 lacs for conservation of Schedule – I species will be spent from the
inception of mining operations. The detailed conservation plan is attached as Annexure VI (e)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-6
TABLE 10.3 TIME BOUND ACTIVITY WISE ACTION PLAN
Environmental
Component Proposed Activities
Timeline Budget(lakh)
Capital Recurring
Air Quality
1. Drilling machine will have
water injection system
inbuilt for wet drilling,
operator will be provided
with dust masks for
personal protection.
2. Development of greenbelt.
3. Periodic sprinkling of water on
working faces, haul and
access roads.
1. Before start of Site
Preparation, actual
mining operation. Drilling
& sprinkling of water will
be continued during
operation.
2. Plantation will be
annually as per approved
Mining Plan.
5.00 3.10
Noise Levels and
Ground
Vibrations
1. Controlled blasting, Muffle
blasting will be carried out
in area facing Kawatha
habitation;
2. Development of thick
plantation around mine
lease boundary to act as a
noise screen.
3. Regular noise monitoring
will be carried-out.
4. Provision of ear plugs/ear
muffs to workers exposed to
high noise generating
operations.
1. During Blasting activity
2. Yearly, during the Plan
period
3. Maintenance will be
done according to the
EC condition.
4. Personal protective
equipment will be
provided before start of
sit preparation so as to
use as & when required.
0.05 1.0
Water Resources
and Quality
1. Construction of Settling
tank / mine sump, septic
tank and soak pit system
2. Rainwater harvesting
structures will be
constructed in nearby
villages.
1. Before
commencement of Mining
activity.
2. Rainwater Harvesting
structure will be provided as
per Mining activity planned
in Mining Plan.
3.00 0.70
Occupational
Health, Safety
1. Adoption of suitable pollution
control measures in the mines
like periodic water sprinkling
to avoid the dust nuisance
2. Provision of pre-employment
and periodic training on health
and safety to all the workers
in the mine
3. Adoption of safe working
practices
4. Maintaining proper
housekeeping at working
places.
5. Provision of necessary
personal protective
Point 1 to 6: During mining
activity.
7. Before start of mining activity.
3.00 0.60
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) 10-7
Environmental
Component Proposed Activities
Timeline Budget(lakh)
Capital Recurring
equipment’s to all mine
workers
6. Periodic maintenance of mine
machinery and transport
vehicles
7. Display of warning signals at
strategic locations.
Plantation Green belt development Year wise In proposed plan
period.
2.00 0.80
Year No.
of
trees
Location with
budget(lakhs)
1st 170 Green belt(Rs.
0.40)
2nd
100 Green belt(Rs.
0.40)
3rd
100 Green belt(Rs.
0.40)
4th
100 Green belt(Rs.
0.40)
5th
100 Green belt(Rs.
0.40)
CHAPTER -11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 1
CHAPTER 11: SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 INTRODUCTION
This is a proposed Manganese Mineral mine having a mining lease of 26.67 Ha. located in Khasra
no. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272 of Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur
District, Maharashtra & is a Category „A‟ project as per EIA Notification 2006. The lease area falls
under Survey of India Topo-sheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21°
29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E. This is a proposed project.
The mineable reserve under Proved category is calculated to be about 6400 tonnes and production of
Ore will be 2732 TPA. The mined out area would be backfilled and plantation would be carried out
on reclaimed area after winning all possible minerals. Life of mine will be 5 Years. During the period
of mine plan further exploration is proposed in Mine lease area to enhance the Reserve quantity
11.1.1 Identification of Project
This is a newly proposed Mn mine. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267,
268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an area of
26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining. The project is applied for Environmental clearance as per EIA notification dated
14th September 2006 and its amendments. Since the applied mine lease area is located at 0.5 km
distance from Madhya Pradesh - Maharashtra Interstate Boundary, it falls under “Category A” based
on the Schedule Clause no 1(a) of EIA notification 2006 and subsequent amendments.
The ToR was granted by the Expert Appraisal Committee vide letter No. J-11015/227/2015-IA.II(M)
dated 9th November 2017. This EIA is prepared based on the approved ToR dated9th November
2017. The total cost of the project is estimated as Rs. 302 lakhs.
The Maharashtra State Pollution Control Board conducted Public consultation/hearing for the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Production capacity - 2732 TPA and ML Area 26.67 Ha) on
19.10.2018 at 12.00 noon at Grampanchayat office, Kawatha, Tal. Saoner, Dist. Nagpur of
Maharashtra State
11.1.2 Location of the Project
This is a new proposed Mn mine project. The project is located at Khasra No. 251, 253, 254, 255,
259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, Village: Kawatha, Tehsil: Saoner District: Nagpur, Maharashtra over an
area of 26.67 Ha. It is proposed to produce 2732 TPA Manganese from the mine by manual opencast
method of mining.
The lease area falls under Survey of India Toposheet no. 55K/15 and lies between Latitudes 21° 29'
57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes 78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E.
TABLE 11.1: SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT SITE
Sl. Particulars Details
1. Project Location Khasra No. : 251, 253, 254, 255, 259, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272.
Village - Kawatha
Tehsil – Saoner
District - Nagpur, Maharashtra
2. Latitude/Longitude Latitudes 21° 29' 57.810" N to 21° 29' 32.541" N & Longitudes
78° 53' 39.245" E to 78° 54' 5.703" E.
3. Location covered in Toposheet No 55 K/15
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 2
Sl. Particulars Details
4. Climatic Conditions IMD data, Nagpur
Avg. Ambient air temp 8o C to 46
o C
Avg. Annual rainfall 1000 mm
5. Site elevation above Mean Sea Level Highest Elevation: 390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
6. Land use at the proposed project site Pvt. Land
7. Site topography Undulating with slight slope towards South & Southeast. Old
mine pit exists within lease area.
8. Nearest roadway NH-26B / SH 19 ~3.65 km, W
9. Nearest Railway Station Kelod ~ 4.2 Km, SW
10. Nearest Railway line Railway Line connecting - North Eastern Railway Nagpur-
Chhindwara extension.
11. Nearest Air Port Nagpur ~65 km, SW
12. Nearest village/major town Village : Kawatha ~ 2.5 km, South
Town: Saoner town~ 11.9 km, South
13. Hills/valleys Hillocks in North and west side within 10 Km radius of mine
lease area.
14. Ecologically sensitive zone None within 10km radius area
15. Nearest Reserved/Protected forests Khapa Padri RF - 0.5 km NNW
Sita Gondi RF-7.43 Km – ENE
Sapghota RF- 6.24km- NE
Khapa Padri RF-0.5 km-E
16. Historical/tourist places None within 5 km radius of mine lease area
17. Nearest Industries Dolomite mines & other industries in 10 km area.
18. Nearest water bodies Khekara Nala waterbody ~ 6.54 km, NE
Kanhan River ~ 2.66 km, NE
19. Seismic zone The area is not known for natural hazards. Seismically, this
area is categorized under Zone-II as per IS-1893 (Part-1)-2002.
Hence, seismically the site is a stable zone.
11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
11.2.1 Method of Mining
It is proposed to carry out opencast manual mining method for this plan period i.e. five years. The
operations like drilling of shot hole, sorting of rock and breaking boulders at the site will be done
manually.
This is a new area for grant of mining lease and though the area had been prospected by trial pits,
trenches and drilling but detailed prospecting operations are required for assessment of reserves and
future planning. It is to drill 7 bore holes at 100 m x 100 m grid to a depth of 30 meters during the
period of mine plan for further proving of Mn ore to have clear subsurface geology of deposit/ore body
which is inclined. The sequence of unit operations in open cast manual mining consists of removal of
soil and waste material i.e. overburden and dumping at suitable site, fragmentation of mineral from in-
situ formation, excavation, sizing and sorting, loading and hauling and some other miscellaneous
work. All these operations will be carried out by manual means. The bench height will be restricted to
the statutory 1.5 m x 1.5 m as per the DGMS norms.
Drilling and blasting will be conducted in the mine for extracting Manganese Ore. The blasting will be
carried out by using proper explosives. Controlled and occasional blasting will be carried out and will
be procured/purchase from approved explosives vendor.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 3
11.2.2 Anticipated life of the mine
The mineable reserve under proved category is calculated to be about 6400 tonnes and production of
Ore will be @2732 TPA. Life of the mine is estimated as 4.92 i.e. ~5 years.
11.2.3 Conceptual Mine Plan
Mining will be carried out by blasting followed by Jack Hammer Drill and manual loading, excavation
and removal of stone in conjunction with deep whole drilling and blasting. In this connection
guidelines issued by Director of Mine‟s Safety by various circular will be adopted. While preparing a
conceptual mining plan for the Manganese Lease, the following points and precepts have been kept
in view:
The lease is under renewal for duration of 50 years by the state govt.
The total ML area is 26.67 Ha and at the end of plan period of first five year total 25.3995 Ha.
Area will be unbroken.
7.5 safety barriers will be maintained.
The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper terracing in the retreating fashion and
after attaining the proposed height, plantation would be carried out. Plantation in safety zone and
outside the lease under CSR activity and haul road dressing. The voids so left will be filled with
rain water and treated as water reservoir.
TABLE 11.2
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MINE
S. No. Particulars Details
1. Method of mining Manual Open Cast Mining
2. Area 26.67 ha
3. Proved Reserve 4864 Tonnes
4. Life of the Mine ~5 years
5. Stripping Ratio 1:6
6. Bench Height and Width Ht. 1.5 m and Width 1.5 m
8. Maximum Depth of Mining 4 mbgl
9. Minable Reserve 6400 Tonnes
10. Available Reserve For Mining 6400 Tonnes
11. Topsoil thickness 0.5m
12. Ultimate Pit Slope angle 450
13. Elevation Range Highest elevation:390 m MSL
Lowest elevation: 342 m MSL
14. Water requirement 15 KLD
15. Source of Water Nearby water supplier
16. Water table
Near the Mine Lease area: Water levels in pre & post
monsoon are found to be 7.5 to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl
respectively.
In Study Area: Depth of water level during pre & post
monsoon season in study area due south to the ML area is: 5-
10 mtsbgl 4-8 mtsbgl respectively.
17. Commencement of Mining After the grant of EC
18.
Manganese (T)
Waste Rock/ Reject (T)
Top Soil (T)
6,400 Tonnes
11572.82 Tonnes
3065.52 Tonnes
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 4
19. Number of working days 250
20. Number of shifts per day 1
11.2.4 Waste Generation & Disposal
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3M OB and will be removed while reclamation. A
total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will be generated
during the plan period. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation
of un-sealable ore.
The mineral waste will be dumped on one side of the area earmarked for ore stacking yard in the
non- mineralized area. The waste will be loaded in to tippers by labors and same will be dumped at
designated dumping place, the dumps height will be maximum 3 meter, after dumping and
stabilization plantation will be done on inactive site of dump. The soil will be temporarily stacked
within the mine lease area and will be used for spreading on the safety barrier for plantation
11.2.5 Water Requirement & Source
Total water requirement for the project will be 15 KLD, which will be nearby water supplier. Water for
drinking purposes will be supplied from tanker through nearby water supplier.
11.2.6 Manpower Requirement
Total manpower requirement for the project will be 20-30 persons.
11.2.7 Site Infrastructure
The available infrastructure is in the form of mines office, rest shelter, Transformer and machinery.
The haul road, the road from mining to connecting NH will be developed. The first aid center, water
drinking point etc. will be developed outside mine lease area.
11.3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO
11.3.1 Baseline Environmental Studies
An environmental baseline monitoring was carried out as a part of EIA studies for proposed
manganese mine during Post monsoon season (October-December 2017).
11.3.2 Meteorology & Ambient Air Quality
Summary of Meteorological data generated at site (October-December 2017)
Temperature (°C) 16°C to 34°C
Relative Humidity (%) 18% to 94%
Wind Direction NE (23%)
Calm wind % 0.25%
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 5
Ambient Air Quality Status
The ambient air quality monitoring with respect to parameters of significance was carried out during
post monsoon season. The major sources of air pollution in the region are Industrial operations,
domestic activities, traffic density and rural conditions. The prime objective was to assess the existing
air quality of the area. The locations were identified keeping in view predominant wind directions
prevailing during study period, sensitive receptors and human settlements. The levels of PM10, PM2.5,
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Carbon monoxide (CO), Volatile Organic
Compound (VOC), were monitored for establishing the baseline status. The minimum and maximum
values of monitoring results are summarized in Table 11.3.
TABLE 11.3:
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS
Sr. No.
Location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Ozone NH3
µg/m3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 µg/m
3 mg/m
3 μg/m
3 μg/m
3
1. Dudhala Khurd
Min 41.3 13.2 5.5 8.1 0.105 5.6 6.1
Max 54.6 18.5 9.1 11.8 0.120 8.4 9.8
2. Malegaon Min 54.7 16.8 6.2 8.2 0.120 5.8 6.2
Max 64.8 21.8 10.9 11.9 0.142 8.7 9.9
3. Kelod Min 53.2 17.1 6.3 10.1 0.135 6.4 6.4
Max 69.1 23.9 11.9 15.6 0.154 9.6 9.8
4. Birgaon Min 68.1 23.6 9.0 11.7 0.221 6.2 6.5
Max 78.4 28.8 12.7 18.6 0.247 13.3 12.9
5. Kawatha Min 65.3 20.1 10.3 14.3 0.212 8.1 8.1
Max 84.6 27.8 13.8 19.8 0.231 11.4 11.3
6. Saonga Min 70.0 23.2 11.6 23.2 0.268 10.2 9.2
Max 78.6 30.1 15.7 29.7 0.319 14.3 15.4
7. Satnu Min 71.2 26.1 10.5 26.2 0.265 10.1 10.1
Max 84.3 33.4 17.4 34.3 0.329 16.8 15.6
8. Kharduka Min 45.3 15.1 6.3 8.2 0.152 5.2 5.1
Max 64.3 22.8 11.6 11.7 0.165 7.8 7.4
CPCB Standards 100
(24hr) 60
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 80
(24hr) 2
(8hr) 100
(8hr) 400
(24hr)
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 6
From the above results, it is observed that the ambient air quality with respect to PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
and NOx at all the monitoring locations was within the permissible limits specified by CPCB.
As project site comes under remote and undulated area, just representative sampling was carried at
day time (8 hours) by DG set as power source.
11.3.3 Ambient Noise Levels
Ambient noise level monitoring was carried out at the 8 monitoring locations, those were selected for
ambient air quality monitoring. The monitoring results are summarized in Table 11.4.
TABLE 11.4:
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL MONITORING RESULTS
Sr. No. Monitoring Locations Category of Area/Zone Equivalent Noise Level
Leq Day Leq Night
1. Dudhala Khurd Residential 45.3 35.6
2. Malegaon Residential 52.1 42.1
3. Kelod Commercial 63.5 51.3
4. Birgaon Residential 53.2 41.6
5. Kawatha Silence 48.2 37.5
6. Saonga Commercial 61.8 50.2
7. Satnui Residential 54.2 41.5
8. Kharduka Residential 51.3 40.6
CPCB Standards dB(A)
1. Residential Area 55.0 45.0
2. Commercial Area 65.0 55.0
3. Industrial Area 75.0 70.0
4. Silence Zone 50.0 40.0
The overall ambient noise quality with respect to various zones was found to be within prescribed
limits by CPCB.
11.3.4 Surface and Ground Water Resources & Quality
Site Specific Geology
Considering the mine lease area and adjacent area, Quartz mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite &
Dolomite rock Formations can be easily encountered. In the mine lease area there is occurrence of
manganeferous quartzite boulders as float ore.
Site Specific Hydrogeology
Site area comprises of mainly two aquifer units which are Alluvium & Archaean rock Formations viz. Quartz
mica schist, Manganeferous quartzite, pink gneisses & Dolomite. The study area which comes in Sausar
Tehsil of Chindwara District showed fall in water level as compared to the study area which comes in
Saoner Tehsil of Nagpur District due to large-scale withdrawal of ground water for irrigation purpose. Near
the Mine Lease area, which is at higher elevation, water levels in pre & post monsoon are found to be 7.5
to 8.5 mbgl & 5.5 to 6.5 mbgl respectively. Depth to water level in pre & post monsoon in study area
ranges 5-10 mbgl & 4-8 mbgl respectively..
Water Quality
The existing status of groundwater and surface water quality was assessed by identifying 8 ground
water (Bore wells/dug wells) samples in different villages and 2 surface water samples.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 7
The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: 10500 is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the
water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the pH
was varying for ground waters from 7.72-8.26 and in surface water the pH was varying between 8.09-
8.48. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to
be within the limits.
The desirable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: 10500 is 500 mg/l whereas the permissible
limits in absence of alternate source is 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause
gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved
solids are varying from 318-1236 mg/l. The TDS of maximum samples were above the desirable limit
but within the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l. In surface waters the total dissolved solids were in the
range of 298-635 mg/l which were within the desirable limit.
The desirable limit for chloride is 250 mg/l as per IS: 10500 whereas the permissible limit of the same
is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the
ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 29.35-269.07 mg/l. All are within
the desirable limits. In surface waters the chlorides were in the range of 9.78-24.46 mg/l, which are
within the desirable limits.
The desirable limit as per IS10500 for hardness is 300 mg/l whereas the permissible limit for the
same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on
domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the
hardness is varying from 211.89-882.0 mg/l. In surface waters the hardness is varying between
166.54-430.50 mg/l.
Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the desirable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit
of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the
fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of
tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water
samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.21-2.27 mg/l. where as in the surface
waters the fluoride was in range of 0.22-0.32 mg/l.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) refers to the amount of oxygen (O2) dissolved in water. Because in surface
water fish and other aquatic organisms cannot survive without oxygen, DO is one of the most
important water quality parameters. In surface water the reported value of range of 6.4-6.5 mg/lt.
Phosphorus (as PO4) is an important nutrient for plants and algae. Because phosphorus is in short
supply in most fresh waters, even a modest increase in phosphorus can cause excessive growth of
plants and algae that deplete dissolved oxygen (DO) as they decompose. The range of Phosphorus
(as PO4) was found to be below detectable limit or absent.
Bacteriologically, all surface water samples were contaminated and proper treatment such as
chlorination or disinfection treatment is needed before use for alternate source of drinking purpose,
and also ground water samples were bacteriologically contaminated. Present of Sodium into ground
water is mainly influenced by Sodium Chloride or table salt.
11.3.5 Land use Land Cover classification
The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the periphery of project site has
been prepared using Resource SAT-2, sensor- LISS-3 having 23.5 m spatial resolution and date of
pass 29 May 2015 satellite image with reference to Google Earth data and the IRS-P5- Cartosat-I
data having 2.5 m spatial resolution and date of pass April 2016. In order to strengthen the baseline
information on existing land use pattern, the following data covering approx. 21°24′11.66″ to
21°35′11.05″ N latitude and 78°54′00.79″ to 78°54′15.72″ E longitude and elevation ranging between
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 8
344-364 meter in an around mining lease area and for whole 10 km study area is about 235-403 m.
The Land Cover classes and their coverage are summarized in Table 11.5.
TABLE 11.5:
LU/LC CLASSES AND THEIR COVERAGE WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS
Sr. No. LU/LC Class Area (Sq.Km²) Percentage (%)
1
Built up Land Rural/Urban)
Settlement 2.41 0.77
Industry/other industries 1.3 0.41
Road Infrastructure 0.97 0.31
Railway Line/Railway Siding 0.54 0.17
2
Agriculture Land
Cropland 230.15 73.30
Barren Land 0.74 0.24
3
Water bodies
River/Nala/Stream 6.29 2.00
Pond/Tank 1.22 0.39
4
Scrub/Waste Land
Land with scrub/Open Scrub 17.21 5.48
5 Dense Forest
Open Mixed Jungle/PF/RF 52.04 16.57
6
Mining/Stone Quarry 1.13 0.36
Total 314 100
11.3.6 Soil Quality
For studying soil profile of the region, sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil
conditions in and around the proposed project site representing various land use conditions. The
physical, chemical properties and heavy metals concentrations were determined. The samples were
collected by ramming a core-cutter into the soil up to a depth of 15-20 cm. Total 8 samples within the
study area were collected and analysed.
Regular cultivation practices increase the bulk density of soils thus inducing compaction. This results
in reduction in water percolation rate and penetration of roots through soils. The soils with low bulk
density have favourable physical conditions whereas those with high bulk density exhibit poor
physical conditions for agriculture crops. The bulk density of the soil in the study area ranged
between 1.41-1.61 g/cc which indicates favourable physical condition for plant growth. The water
holding capacity is between 18.45-34.06 %. Infiltration rate, in the soil is in the range of 15.99-26.62
mm/hr. The important soluble cations in the soil are calcium and magnesium whose concentration
levels ranged from 209.52-486.44 mg/Kg and 75.12-153.05 mg/Kg respectively. Chloride is in the
range of 186.39-829.71 mg/Kg. Organic matter and nitrogen were found in the range of 0.34-2.17 %
and 125.17-161.12 kg/ha.
11.3.7 Biological Environment
Flora and Fauna are important features of natural environment. They are organized into communities
with mutual dependencies among their members and show various responses and sensitivities to
outside influences. Therefore, nature of development and baseline characteristics of flora and fauna
around the site of proposed activities is required to be assessed. Hence, the present study is
conducted to generate the baseline pertaining to biological environment and assessment of the
impact due to proposed Manganese Project on biotic environment.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 9
Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area
The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of
plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of
species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its
strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of
biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any
threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants. (Nayar and Sastry, 1990) and Red list of
threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2010; BSI, 2003)
Endemic Plants of the Study Area
De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic
unit, especially species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding
region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species none
were assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
Aquatic Plant Diversity:
Kanhan River is passing through the study area. The study area is also having few fresh water
ponds. The water bodies observed in low lying areas exist with patches of marshy depressions and
swamps as well as perennial water bodies of varying shape, size and depth.
The aquatic plant species belongs to diverse habits and have distinctive characteristics provides
perching grounds for various birds. Total 10 aquatic species have been identified and they can be
described into following broad Categories.
Free floating hydrophytes: Eichhornia cressipes, Lemna minor.
Suspended submersed hydrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Utricularia sp.
Anchored submerged hydrophytes: Hydrilla verticillata & Potamogeton crispus.
Anchored hydrophytes with floating shoots: Ludwigia aquarium and Ipomea aquatica.
Emergent amphibious hydrophytes: Sagittaria latifolia.
Rooted hydrophytes with floating leaves: Nilumbo nucifera
Fauna in the study area
The 10 km radius study area is home to several species of Mammals, Reptiles, Aves and other lower
invertebrates. As earlier described, the study area has about 16.57% of forest in the study area; the
top carnivore not observed in the study area either direct or indirect evidences but its existence in the
buffer area were taken in consideration as Sitagondi Reserve forest is a part of study area. During the
site survey, indirect evidences in the form of pellets of Bluebull, Cheetal, Barking Deer, Chinkara,
Hanuman langur were observed in reserve forest of the study area.
Birds can be observed throughout the study area but mostly located near forest area and water
bodies. Reptiles and amphibians are also observed in the study area. Fresh water fish are found in
the river (Kanhan River), ponds and streams.
11.3.8 Socio-economic Environment
Information on socio-demographic status and the trends of the communities in the 10 km radius, was
collected through primary social survey and secondary data from census 2011 & village directory
2001. Summary of the socio-economic status of the study area is given in Table 11.6.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 10
TABLE 11.6: SUMMARY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF VILLAGES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS AREA No. of villages 30
Total households 7034
Total population 29968
Male Population 15326
Female population 14642
SC Population 5381
ST Population 2935
Total literates 21926
Total workers 15859
Total main workers 13544
Total marginal workers 2315
Total non-workers 14109
TABLE 11.6(A):
DETAILS REGARDING EDUCATION FACILITIES WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS STUDY AREA
Gov Pre
Primary
School
Gov.
Primar
y
school
Private
primary
school
Gov.
Middle
School
Private
Middle
School
Gov.
Secondary
School
Gov.
Senior
Secondary
School
Private
Senior
Secondary
School
Gov. Arts,
Science
Degree
College
Pvt. Arts,
Sci.&
Comm.
College
28 27 28 09 03 05 01 0 0 0
Source: District census handbook 2011, District Nagpur and Chhindwada State Madhya Pradesh &
Maharashtra
11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
11.4.1 Impact on Topography, Drainage & Landuse
There is no forest land involved in the mine lease area. The existing topography of the mine lease
area will be altered due to the proposed mining operations. However, there will not be any changes in
the topography of the area located outside the mine lease area as all the mining activities will be
conducted within mine lease area only.
There is no perennial surface water stream or nallah or any kind of water bodies are in existence
except small seasonal gully developed due to rain water within mine lease area which will be
unaffected or unaltered by proposed manual mining activity.
The mining operations will alter most of the mine lease area into mine pits, surface dumps and other
infrastructure facilities. However, since there is no forest or built-up land in the mine lease area, no
significant impact will be observed on the land use pattern of the mine lease area. There will not be
any changes in the land use pattern outside the mine lease area.
11.4.2 Ambient Air Quality
Impacts on Air Quality
To assess the impact of the Kawatha Manganese Mine operations from the, air quality modeling was
carried out for the mining operations and the mineral transportation activities. The modeling was
carried out using MoEF/CPCB approved ISCST3 model.
The cumulative concentration levels (Ambient + predicted incremental rise) reveals that the
concentration level for ROM particulate matter occurring in the WSW and SW directions with a
concentration levels (cumulative) of 88.2 μg/m3 (overall activity), 84.74μg/m3 (blasting) and for OB
particulate matter occurring in the WSW and SW directions with a concentration levels (cumulative) of
88.8 μg/m3 (overall activity), 84.85 g/m3 (blasting), which is found to be below the ambient air quality
standards. Hence it is inferred that considering cumulative concentration levels, the pollution load
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 11
exerted due to mining activity will be insignificant.
Air Pollution Control Measures
No blasting under unfavorable wind and atmospheric conditions.
Drilling machines will be equipped with wet drilling arrangements or dust collector.
Water sprinkling on haul roads at regular intervals.
Regular maintenance of haul road.
Water sprinkling during loading operations to control dust emissions.
Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery.
Provision of Dust masks to workmen.
Plantation of thick green belt around lease boundary, road sides and dumps.
Covered transport of manganese ore to end user.
Good housekeeping would be practiced to control air pollution.
11.4.3 Ambient Noise Levels & Ground vibrations
For predicting the impacts on ambient noise levels, 'DHWANI' Noise model, developed by NEERI was
used. From the modeling results, it was observed the maximum predicted noise level within the mine
boundary (0.3 km radius) is 4 7.6-57.1 dB (A). Noise level at a distance of 0.5 km radius of the mine is
predicted to be less than 45 dB (A) which is well within the standards. The nearest human settlement
(Dudhala Khurd) is 1.4 km away from project site and resultant noise level at this village is 45.6 dB(A)
and 38.0 dB(A) at day night respectively. Another nearest human settlement (Kawtha) is 2.2 km away
from project site and resultant noise level at this village is 48.3 dB(A) and 38.3 dB(A) at day night
respectively. Thus, no significant impact will take place on the ambient noise levels due to the
proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine operations.
Ground vibrations
The ground vibrations and peak particle velocity due to the blasting is calculated using the empirical
equation as per guidelines of Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), Dhanbad. It is calculated that
there is no significant impact on surrounding villages due to blasting and thereby ground vibration.
Proposed Noise Control Measures
Drilling will be carried out with sharp drill bits which help in reducing noise.
Controlled blasting with proper spacing, burden, and optimum charge/delay will be maintained.
Proper maintenance, of machines at regular intervals will be done to reduce generation of noise.
Proper designing by providing inbuilt mechanism like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the foundation.
Green Belt/Plantation will be developed around the mining activity area and along haul roads.
Ear muffs/ear plugs will be provided to persons working at high noise generating area
Periodical monitoring of noise will be done.
Measures to Control Ground Vibration & Fly Rocks
Proper blast design will be made to control ground vibration and fly rocks.
Adequate safe distance from blasting will be maintained.
Charge per delay will be minimized and more number of delays will be used per blasts;
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 12
During blasting, other activities in the immediate vicinity will be temporarily stopped;
Drilling parameters will be properly designed to give proper blast.
Muffle blasting using wire mesh and sand bags will be conducted at mine working near ML boundary towards habitation.
Blasting will be carried out only to loosen the strata, thereby reducing the quantity of explosives.
11.4.4 Water Resources & Quality
Impact on Water Resources & Quality
As the ultimate depth of mining is 4m from the surface, the groundwater table level will not be
intersected & hence there will not be any quantitative or qualitative effect on the groundwater in the
study area due to proposed mining activity. Due to undulating topography and location of mine lease
area close to the Kanhan River, which continuously recharges the ground water table in the area,
there will not be any significant impact on the ground water table of the area. Hence, no impact is
envisaged on the surface water resources due to mining in the proposed Kawatha Manganese Ore
Mine.
Proposed Water Conservation & Water Pollution Control Measures
The garland drains will be constructed around the mine pits, surface dumps and along the mine lease
boundary will be connected to a series of settling tanks. This will facilitate proper settling of the
sediments / silt carried with the storm water run-off before discharging / supplying the water to the
farmers.
Check dams and gully plugs will be constructed at strategic locations along the hill slope to arrest silt
wash-off during rainy season.
11.4.5 Solid Waste Generation & Management
Waste generation in ML area will be mainly in the form of top soil and Waste rock (Rejects). The
proposed manganese mine is having on an average 3M OB and will be removed while reclamation. A
total of 6,074 cum. of soil and waste material (Soil: 1272 m3 and Waste: 4802 m3) will be generated
during the plan period. The dumps will be suitably stabilized by means of proper terracing in the
retreating fashion and after attaining the proposed height, plantation would be carried out. The angle
of repose of these dumps will not be more than 450. Garland drain and retaining wall will be
constructed during the plan period. Slope stability investigations would be carried out in the
conceptual period to avoid land slide and develop the mine accordingly so that there will not be any
accidental hazard. Most of the production will be sold and hence there will not be any generation of
un-sealable ore.
11.4.6 Biological Environment
There is no Forest land, National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve within 10 km radius
of the project site. No rare, endemic & endangered species are reported in the buffer zone.
Based on past experience, dust deposition on leaf lamina will takes place on nearby plants and
agriculture crops along the transport road which may results in decline the rate of photosynthesis and
retards the plant growth and cause crop damage. However, the magnitude of operation involve will be
limited as it is manual opencast mine having production capacity around 2732 TPA. Thus,
insignificant impact on terrestrial flora envisaged. Control measures like water sprinkling within ML
area will be adopted.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 13
Proposed Biological Environment Conservation Measures
Dust issues are mainly raised in the area due to unpaved road, cumulative fugitive dust emissions
by various mining activities. To mitigate the impact regular water sprinkling will be carried out
within the mine lease area as well as approach road.
Stabilization of soil/waste dumps by grass cover shall be done.
Fencing around the mine lease area to restrict the entry of stray animals
Thick Green belt will be developed around mine lease area and along transport road.
Periodic maintenance of mineral transport road
Regular sprinkling of water through mobile tanker on mineral transport road up to railway siding.
Covered Transport
Monitoring of dust fall at agriculture land located nearby the mining area.
11.4.7 Socio-economic Environment
There is no habitation or private land within mine lease area. There is no rehabilitation and
resettlement involved in the project.
This is a small manual opencast manganese mine. Around 20-30 persons will be employed in the
mine. Mostly local persons will be employed in the mine.
The existing infrastructure facilities are sufficient to cater the needs of the mine. However, the
mine management will take efforts as a part of CSR for improvement in civic amenities like
sanitation, drinking water facilities, transport road, etc in the nearby villages.
11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be established in the mine under the control of Mines
Manager. The EMC will be headed by an Environmental scientist having adequate qualification and
experience in the field of environmental management. Environmental monitoring of Ambient Air
Quality, Water table depth, Water quality, Ambient Noise Levels, Soil Quality, etc. will be carried out
through MOEF accredited agencies regularly and reports will be submitted to MPCB/MoEF.
11.6 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
The assessment of risk in the proposed manganese mine project has been estimated for Slope
failure, Handling of explosives, Fly-rocks during blasting, Movement of Trucks/Tippers Inundation due
to surface water, Dust hazards, Hazards associated with use of electricity/ Diesel Generator Sets and
flooding of lower benches and corresponding mitigation measures are suggested in the Draft
EIA/EMP report.
A detailed Disaster Management Plan for facing disasters due to natural effects and human reasons
is prepared and incorporated in the draft EIA/EMP report for ensuring safety of life, protection of
environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same
order of priorities. For effective implementation of Disaster Management Plan, it will be widely
circulated and personnel training through rehearsals. Site facilities, procedures, Duties and
responsibilities, Communications, etc is considered in detail in the Disaster Management Plan.
11.7 PROJECT BENEFITS
The proposed mining project at Kawatha village would generate additional employment opportunities
which would finally result in improvement in the quality of life of people of the nearby villages. In line
with this CSR policy, project proponent will carry community welfare activities in the following areas:
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 11: Summary & Conclusion 11- 14
Community development
Education
Health& medical care
Drainage and sanitation
Roads
A budget of Rs. 1.30 Lakh per annum as recurring expenses has been proposed for implementation
of Socio-economic welfare activities in the nearby villages. Provision for CER is also made in this
EIA/EMP as per the MoEF notification F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018.
11.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
An Environmental Management Plan comprise of following set of mitigation, management, monitoring
and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation of the project, to
eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels.
Overall conservation of environment.
Minimization of natural resources and water.
Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.
Monitoring of cumulative and longtime impacts.
Ensure effective operation of all control measures.
Control of waste generation and pollution.
Judicious use of the environmental management plan addresses the components of environment,
which are likely to be affected by the different operations in the project. A budget of Rs. 29.05 Lakh
as capital cost and Rs. 10.00 Lakh as recurring expenses has been allocated for implementation of
the Environmental Management Plan.
11.9 CONCLUSION
The proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) project of Smt. Rachana A
Belorkar, will be beneficial for the development of the nearby villages. Some environmental aspects
like dust emission, noise, siltation due to surface run-off, etc. will have to be controlled within the
permissible norms to avoid impacts on the surrounding environment. Necessary pollution control
equipment like water sprinkling, plantation, personal protective equipment‟s, etc., will form regular
practice in the project. Additional pollution control measures and environmental conservation
measures will be adopted to control/minimize impacts on the environment and socio-economic
environment of the area. Measures like development of thick green belt and plantation within mine
lease area and along transport road, adoption of rainwater harvesting in the mine and in nearby
villages, etc. will be implemented. The CSR measures proposed to be adopted by the mine
management will improve the social, economic status of the nearby villages.
The overall impacts of the proposed Kawatha Manganese Mine will be positive and will result in
overall socio-economic growth of nearby villages.
CHAPTER -12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 12- Disclosure of Consultants 12-1
12.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
12.1 INTRODUCTION
Anacon established in 1993 as an analytical testing laboratory and now a leading Environmental
Consultancy firm backed by testing lab for environment and food in Central India region. The lab is
well equipped with basic infrastructural facilities and manpower. We are rendering our services in this
field to various industries since last 20 years. We are a group of experienced former Scientists from
the Government Institutions and recognized by Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi for
carrying out environmental Studies & accredited by Quality Council of India (QCI) for conducting
Environmental studies vide accreditation Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1619S/RA0059 dtd. 29th June
2017 Valid till 01st October 2019 as category A consultant organization in 15 Sectors viz. Mining
projects, River Valley & Irrigation projects, Thermal Power Plants, Coal Washeries, Metallurgical
Industries, Cement Plants, Synthetic Organic Chemical Industries, Distilleries, Oil & gas
transportation pipeline, Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals, Airports, Highways,
Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid transport systems, Common Effluent Treatment Plants
(CETPs), Building and large construction projects.
Our organization is also certified by ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007 & our Lab
division is accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories
(NABL, Govt. of India) for Chemical, Biological & Mechanical Testing vide certificate No. T-
1550, T-1826 & T-2344 respectively for 1500 parameters for Water, Food & Agricultural
products, Cereals, Pulses, Bakery products, Spices & Condiments, Milk & Dairy products &
Chemical Testing of Ores & Minerals, Coal/Coke & Cosmetic products. We are also approved by
'Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)’. We are recognized by Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM) as a RQP for
preparation of Mine Plan / Scheme. Anacon has received approval by Govt. of India, “APEDA” -
Export Quality Certification for Agricultural produce such as fresh fruits vegetables, cereals & Pulses
etc. (as per US & European guidelines).
We are pleased to inform you that we have received “MSME National Award 2010” for
“Outstanding Entrepreneurship Performance” on 2nd Sept. 2011 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.
We are also working for various industries in the sectors of Steel, Cement, Power, Distilleries, Textile
and Pharmaceuticals. Our activities are spread in the states of Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa & Maharashtra. Our esteemed client group includes many large
scale industries from private as well as the Public Sector Units. National Productivity Council,
BALCO, MECON, TATA STEEL, LAFARGE, GRASIM, Ultra Tech Cement Ltd., RAYMONDS, LUPIN,
Ranbaxy, GAIL, Seagram & Sagar Distilleries and Sponge Iron are our major clients. To know more
about our Group and the assignments completed please visit us at www.anaconlaboratories.com.
We have expanded and commissioned laboratory at Butibori Food Park, Nagpur at Plot Nos. FP 34,
35 equipped with highly sophisticated imported equipments, like GC MSMS, LC MSMS (both triple
quad), HPLC, ICP, AAS, UV–Vis, FTIR, IC, CHNS analyzer etc. for chemical analysis for the samples
viz. Water, Air, Chemical, Fertilizer, Mineral, Metal, Coal, Food, Agricultural Products, Pesticides,
Insecticides, Ores, etc.,
We have successfully carried out studies related to Air, Noise, Water, Wastewater, Hazardous
Waste, Land Environment, Ecology, Risk & Hazard management and Socio-economy as a part of
EIA studies of various industries. We have also carried land use and land cover studies based on the
satellite imageries.
Our operations are spread over in six different states in Central India region with branches at
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Maharashtra and Delhi.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 12- Disclosure of Consultants 12-2
12.2 CREDENTIALS & QUALITY SYSTEMS
Our laboratory is registered with following Govt. departments for providing technical services in the
field of environment. The registration numbers are as follows;
1. Recognized by Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) vide Notification No. D.L-33004/99
dt.24.10.2007– under EPA. http://moef.gov.in/legis/env/so1811e.pdf & subsequent renewal wide
notification SO 21 (E) dtd. 3rd January 2014.
2. National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories (NABL) has granted us
Accreditation vide Certificate No.T-01550 w.e.f. 04.10.2016.
3. National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories (NABL) has granted us
Accreditation vide Certificate No.T-1826 w.e.f. 04.10.2016.
4. National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories (NABL) has granted us
Accreditation vide Certificate No.T-2344 w.e.f. 04.10.2016.
5. Approved by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for ISI mark certification vide No. CL/CQAPD/OSL
(7124116) dt.16.12.2011 for package drinking water, milk and its products.
6. Authorized by Food Safety & Standards Authority of India under FSS Act.
7. ISO 9001:2008 vide Registration No. 44 100 124446-E3, ISO14001:2004 vide registration No.44
104 124446-E3 and OHSAS 18001:2007 vide registration No. 44 116 124446-E3.
8. Accredited as EIA Consultant Organization under NABET-QCI, vide accreditation Certificate No:
NABET/EIA/1619/RA0059 dtd. 29th June 2017 Valid till 01st October 2019 as category A
consultant organization in 15 Sectors.
9. Mah. Govt.WQM2003/PK26(2)PP12 Dt.1.9.2004 – Drinking water quality monitoring
10. Mah. Govt.JSP 2004/PK3715 PP11Dt.28.04.2004 – Hydrogeological survey
11. RQP/NGP/328/2005/B dt.01.02.2005 – Indian Bureau of Mines for preparation of mine plan, mine
closure plan.
12. SPCB, Odisha No.3091 dt.13.02.2008
13. RSPCB, empanelment of environment consultant & analytical laboratory in continuation to
Board’s circular no. F.14 (3) Corres/RPCB/Plg/3491-3514 dt.14.12.2009 & Dt.25.3.2010 as
testing lab under EPA & Env. Consultant.
14. RSPCB recognition of laboratory for Air pollution studies vide notification dated May 20, 2009 and
published in Rajasthan Gazette Extraordinary dated June 22, 2009
For the organizational statutory requirement the registration numbers are as follows;
1. Company Law Board Registered 2. Provident Fund Registered
3. Professional tax Registered 4. ESIC Registered
5. Service Tax Registered 6. Income Tax - Registered
7. MSMED Registered
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
Chapter 12- Disclosure of Consultants 12-3
12.3 SERVICES OFFERED
Air
(Monitoring / Survey / Modeling etc., Pl.
specify)
Yes - Stack and Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, Survey /
Modeling as per MoEF requirements. Specific gas
monitoring like PM 10, PM 2.5,HC, CO, O2, CO2 & VOCs
using state of art microprocessor based portable kits.
Water : Surface, sea, inland & groundwater
(Monitoring / Survey / Modeling etc., Pl.
specify) Geohydrological Survey
Yes - Monitoring of Water Environment in EIA projects,
hydrogeological survey and water shed development.
Soil
(Analysis, Remediation, Salt water intrusions,
Water Harvesting etc)
Yes – Monitoring of land environment in EIA projects.
Plant
(Effect of pollution, Treatment Technologies,
Pollution Indicators etc.)
Yes - The effect of pollutant from various industrial sectors
has been evaluated in terrestrial ecology of EIA project.
Assessment & impact studies on
Biodiversity (Flora and Fauna)
Yes – Studies on biodiversity has been reported in EIA
projects.
Municipal Solid Wastes
(Analysis, Management – Handling, Storage,
Transportation, Treatment and Disposal, Site
Identification, remediation, Development/
Evaluation of Technology etc.)
Yes National Productivity Council is utilizing our services for
monitoring and analysis of solid waste samples, which
includes sampling and analysis of solid waste samples.
Anacon lab can undertake the consultancy project on solid
waste management for municipal corporation, resorts and
newly developed cities. Preparation of detailed feasibility
report is an expertise of Anacon lab.
Hazardous Wastes (Quantification, Site
Assessment, Designing / Monitoring of
Treatment Facilities, Technology
Assessment etc., Pl. specify)
Yes – The project on development of landfill site including
Engineering design, Hydrogeological studies and
Environmental quality in respect of the Air, Water and Soil
have been successfully completed for Force Motors (Bajaj
Tempo), Kinetic Motors and Pratibha Syntex, Pithampur,
Indore (MP)
Noise
(Monitoring/Survey, Modeling etc)
Yes – The monitoring of the Noise Environment in the
Impact zone of the industries and in plant have been carried
out by Anacon Lab.
Bio-Medical Wastes (Quantification, Site
Assessment, Designing / Monitoring of
Treatment Facilities
Tech. Assessment etc., Pl. Specify)
Yes – The survey of Hospital waste management have been
carried out in few cases.
Hazardous Chemicals (Site assessment,
Inspection of Storages, Major Accident
Hazards,
Preparation / assessment of Safety Report, risk
assessment /
Onsite / offsite Emergency Plan preparation
etc.)
Yes – The storage of the hazardous chemicals have been
assessed in respect of fugitive emissions and risk
assessment for Pharmaceutical Industries at Lupin,
Mandideep, Bhopal (M.P.). Four dumping sites developed
maxi cap 8000 Tons for BALCO, Korba, Chhattisgarh.
Plastic Wastes
(Management, recycling/reuse technology
evaluation etc.)
Yes – On the similar line of solid waste management,
studies on the plastic waste management could be
undertaken by Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd.
Electronic Waste (Management,
recycling/reuse, technology evaluation etc.) No
Environmental Education/Awareness
(Projects approved/ grants received
/campaigns carried out etc.)
Yes - Conducted Workshop at Raipur on 14.2.04 Theme -
Latest Trends in Mining Technical and Legislative
requirements, 67 participants attended. ; Conducted several
Environment Awareness programs for PCB on different
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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topics and also at Educational institutions/P.G. Departments.
College students along with HOD have visited Anacon
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., for Educational tour. Anacon
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., has participated as a Key participant
at CII seminar in the field of mining industries at Raipur Dt.
22.03.2006.
Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIAs carried out/ sector wise expertise in EIA/
clearances
obtained from MoEF / State Government etc )
Yes - Successfully completed 105 EIA studies and 48 EIA
presented before MoEF & environmental clearance is
granted; remaining 57 presented at State level & the
environmental clearance is granted, till end of 2013.
Environmental Audit/s (Details of the audits
conducted along with client list and Purposes
of such audits)
Yes for various types of Industries.
Conducted water audits for 17 Reserve banks in India
Energy Audits / Water Audits
(Expertise available, list of the clients and
details on such audits)
Yes - Energy Audit for L & T Hirmi, Raipur on STP to
conserve energy. In this exercise saving of the 40 % energy
is suggested.
Environmental Planning & Management
(Projects undertaken/ expertise for actual field
implementation of the EMP)
Yes - The special efforts have been put up by Anacon for
Seagram Distilleries Pvt. Ltd., and Sagar Industries &
Distilleries Pvt. Ltd., Nashik for planning and implementation
of EMP. Other projects also have been executed on
Environmental Planning and Management.
Others (R&D Projects)
(State briefly the other activities of your
organization and the success
Stories, if any)
Yes – 1.Conducted feasibility studies for pyrite recovery
plant for 1000 TPD Cap for GHCL Lignite mine to reduce
Sulphur from 7 % to 2 %
2. Identification of route cause for river bed drying (300 m
width) for Lafarge, Raipur
12.4 FACILITIES
Anacon offer vide range of services in indoor and outdoor monitoring and analytical characterization
in the field of Environment. Further, it is ably supported by highly skilled and experienced team of
professionals in the fields of Science, Engineering, Ecology, Meteorology, Social Planning, Geo &
Hydro-geology, and Environmental Planning.
Besides the regular monitoring equipment such as Respirable Dust Samplers, PM 2.5 Automatic
Weather Monitoring Stations, Stack Monitoring Kits, Personal Samplers, Noise Meters, Portable
Water Kits etc, the other major specialized equipment include:
Anacon Laboratories has well equipped with sophisticated instrument such as Thermo ICAP 6300
ICP UK make – OES Radial View Spectrometer with Standard Gas System for analysis of heavy
metals, required for the analysis of water (130 parameters as per various categories of IS standards
for water ), wastewater & Hazardous waste + Gas Chromatograph.
We have expanded and commissioned biggest state of art Environment and Food testing laboratory
in Central India region at Butibori Food Park, Nagpur at Plot Nos. FP 34, 35 equipped with highly
sophisticated imported equipments, like GC MSMS, LC MSMS (both triple quad), HPLC, ICP, AAS,
UV–Vis, FTIR, IC, CHNS Analyser etc. for chemical analysis for the samples viz. Water, Air,
Chemical, Fertilizer, Mineral, Metal, Coal, Food, Agricultural Products, Pesticides, Insecticides, Ores,
etc., kindly visit us at www.anaconlaboratories.com.
Anacon Laboratories has established the facilities for Ambient Air Quality by using US Make
Meteorological Station and High Volume Sampler. Stack Monitoring is also undertaken. The
methodology for estimation of SO2, NOx, SPM, PM10, P.M.2.5 has been established along with project
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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specific pollutant e.g. HM, CO, O3, CO2 VOC, HC etc.
12.5 ACHIEVEMENTS
1. Anacon laboratory recognized under Environment Protection (EP) Act by GOI in 2007,
Environment Division with its best mind power and industrial knowledge competency that
allows it to compare with the standards set by GOI as a Competent Organization.
2. Anacon has organized 10 days training program for the FDA officials, Government of
Maharashtra from 16.08.2010 to 27.08.2010 on newly announced “Food Safety & Standards
Act, 2011”
3. Anacon has received “MSME National Award 2010” for “Outstanding Entrepreneurship
Performance in service sector” on 2nd Sept. 2011 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.
4. Anacon has signed MOU with Nagpur University, Nagpur to Promote Academic and Research
Cooperation in Feb’2012. Under this program Post Graduate i.e. post M.Sc., M. Tech students
professional training programs and R&D projects are undertaken on regular basis to meet
Industry – Academia requirements for human resource development.
5. Dr. (Mrs.) Sugandha Garway, Director, ANACON Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. has been selected on
the panel of the National food standards harmonization / development process for our country
by Food Safety Authority of India.
6. Anacon has signed the MOU dtd. 26th Dec. 2012 for soil testing for a period of two years from
Agriculture Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, season wise soil samples are collected
for each farm and analyzed, fertilizer dosing is advised on appropriate time in order to
increase crop yield and Soil health cards are issued to every farmer of different districts of
Chattisgarh.
7. Anacon has executed the work of water Quality monitoring to maintain overall residual
chlorine in the entire city of Nagpur for period from 16.06.2007 to 31.01.2012 and in the period
Anacon team has worked sincerely to the best of our ability by utilizing all Technical expertise
to the entire satisfaction of the Municipal authorities concerned. Anacon has delivered
consistent results from last 5 years as a result which water borne deceases i.e. jaundice &
gastro have been reduced to the extent of 70 %. Nagpur Municipal Corporation is leading in
India for successful implementation of 24 x 7 water supply schemes under JNURM scheme,
GOI and Anacon contributed for improving water quality in the entire city of Nagpur. Anacon
has also designed & developed dedicated website for tracking the Water quality of the city.
8. Anacon has executed the work of "Source apportionment studies "of National Environmental
Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur vide Order No. Outsource/S.A (APC)/2007-
GL dt.22.01.2008 & Order No. Outsource/S.A (APC)/2007-GL dt.02.05.2008 for 236 Air Dust
Samples for 33 elements using ICPA instrument, all results submitted as per Internationally
approved procedures and standards, and also Quality Assurance & Quality Control (QA/QC)
procedures were followed strictly during analysis.
9. Anacon Lab is executing the project of Rajiv Gandhi Science and Technology commission,
Government of Maharashtra, for" Evaluation studies of water purification systems in 16
schools of the rural areas nearby Nagpur.
10. Anacon has completed the TRANSIT SURVEY of SEONATH RIVER, M/s Lafarge India Pvt.
Ltd., Sonadih Cement Plant, Raipur (C.G.) Sonadih river width 300 M, bed was drying, route
cause analysis was identified and corrective measures suggested were implemented by
Lafarge and the solution was provided successfully.
EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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11. Training has been imparted on "Pesticide residue analysis" to scientists of National Test
House, Mumbai & "Coal analysis" to scientists of NALCO, Orissa.
12. ANACON has signed MOU with Nagpur University & Kada College Ahmednagar to undertake
joint collaborative projects, imparting training to students & staff & to provide incubation centre
for research projects undertaken by academicians.
13. ANACON has also completed mapping of water quality of 2 districts of Madhya Pradesh.
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EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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EIA/EMP for Kawatha Manganese Mine (Lease area: 26.67 Ha) located at Kawatha Village, Saoner Tehsil, Nagpur District, Maharashtra Lessee: Smt. Rachana A Belorkar
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