Fibers

Used in

makin

g tech

nical t

extile

Prepared by- Md. Shariful Islam 2007100400001 Mithun Kumar Roy 2007100400011 MD. Shahriar Rabbani 2007100400012 MD. Touhidul Islam 2007100400033 MD. Kamal Hossain 2007100400040 MD. Sifath Bin Alam 2007100400044

Introduction:

• A Technical textile is a textile product manufactured for non-aesthetic purposes, where function is the primary criterion. It is a large and growing sector and supports a vast array of other industries.

• . All fiber cannot be used to produce technical textiles because of there mechanical and chemical properties.

• Some fibers have selected for making technical textile for there special properties.

Objectives:

• To know which fibers are used in making technical textiles.

• To know which properties allow them to be used in producing technical textiles.

• To know which fiber is used in producing which technical textiles.

Descriptions:

• The technical features of the fibers, • Image of there plants or production or

structure,• Which fibers are used in which technical

textiles are described below-

Cotton:

• It is relatively heavy weight fiber, less resistant to water, poor flame retardant. So the fiber is not very attractive fiber.

• But it is used in producing Hygiene and medical products such as pad, bandage etc.

Flax & Jute:

• These have low strength, residency but they are biodegradable.

• So they are widely used in agriculture and geo-textiles.

Sisal:

It’s strength, durability, ability to stretch allow it to use in dartboards, buffing cloth, filters, geotextiles, mattresses, carpets, handicrafts, wire rope cores etc.

Wool:

• It has a good resistance to flame.• It is hardly used in isolating and as flame

retardant.

Silk:

• It is a natural filament.• It is used in surgical suture threads.

Viscous Rayon:

• It has high uniformity, tenacity, modulus, absorbency & temperature resistance.

• So it is widely used in surgery products, tire cord, towels, diaper, driving belts & other hygiene products.

Polyamide:

• It has good strength, good abrasion resistance, good elasticity, uniformity & moisture resistance properties.

• These properties allow it to use as climbing ropes, parachute fabric & sails.

Polyester:

• It has good strength, good abrasion resistance, good elasticity, uniformity & moisture resistance properties.

• It is used in home furnishings, bed sheets, tire reinforcements, fabrics for conveyor belts, cushioning and insulating material in pillows & many others.

Polypropylene:

• It has low cost, low density, good abrasion resistance, moisture resistance.

• Very thin sheets of polypropylene are used as a dielectric within certain high performance.

• over 50% used for diapers or sanitary products.• Used in water filters or air conditioning type filters.

• Packing, carpet packing etc are also uses of polypropylene.

Carbon fiber:

• carbon fibers are polyacrylonitrile.• It is a high performance fiber. It’s uses shown

in the image-

Woven fabric made carbon fiber. Tail of a RC helicopter made from carbon fiber.

Polybenzimidazole(PBI):

• It has extremely high melting point & does not ignite readily.

• PBI is used to fabricate high-performance protective apparel such as firefighter turnout coats and suits, astronaut space suits, high temperature protective gloves, welders' apparel, race driver suits, braided pickings, and aircraft wall fabrics

High Modulus Polyethelene(HMPE):

• It has extremely long chain, so it has a very good abrasion resistance(15 times more than carbon steel), highest impact strength, self-lubricating & non-toxic.

• Used as body armor, vehicles armor, high-performance sails, suspension lines, on sport parachutes and paragliders, high-performance ropes for sailing and parasailing etc.

Aramide:

• It is a heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibers.

• It is used in aerospace and military applications, for ballistic rated body armor fabric, firefighter’s dresses, in bicycle tires, and as an asbestos substitute etc.

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK):

• It is thermoplastic.

• It is used in bearings, piston parts, pumps, compressor plate valves, and cable insulation.

Polyphenylene sulfide(PPS):

• PPS is one of the most important high temperature polymers.

• PPS is used to make filter fabric for coal boilers, papermaking felts, electrical insulation, specialty membranes, gaskets, and packings.

Conclusion:

From this presentation we have seen that there are some fibers using in high performance technology. That means textile is developing & enlarging it’s fields.