Family Terms, Locative Markers, Numerals, and Action words

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Family Terms, Locative Markers, Numerals, and Action words

Sherlyne A. Almonte-Acosta, Ph.D.


Referential Someone’s Address terms Terms one’s own someone’s

grandfathersohu ojiisan ojiisan ojiisan

grandmother sobo obaasan obaasan obaasan

father chichi otoosan otoosan/papa otoosan

mother haha okaasan okaasan/mama okaasan

elder brother ani oniisan oniisan first/last name+san

elder sister ane oneesan oneesan first/last name +san

younger brother otooto otootosan first name+kun first/last name +san

younger sister imooto imootosan first name+chan first/last name +san

uncle oji ojisan ojisan ojisan

aunt oba obasan obasan obasan

son musuko musukosan first name first/last name +san

daughter musume ojoosan first name first/last name +san

husband shujin goshujin(sama) anata Goshujinsamalast name+san

wife tsuma/kanai okusan omae/first name okusan

child kodomo kodomosan

sibling kyoodai gokyoodai

family kazoku gokazoku


No- of; from

• Ruin san no hon – Mr. Lwin’s book

• Ejiputo no Arisu san – Alice san from Egypt

• Nihongo no sensei – teacher of Japanese language

• Are wa dare no hon desu ka? Whose book is that?

• Tomodachi kara moraimashita- I received from a friend.


Kara (from, since, starting point)

• Doko kara kimashita ka?

• Where did you come from?

• Sanji kara benyou shimashita?

• …studied from/since three o’clock

• Ashita kara yasumismasu.

• ….will take a rest/break/vacation


Ni (to, in, at),

• Okane wa koko ni arimasu.• There is money (in) here.• Roku-ji ni kaerimasu• ….returned at six o’clock• Kinoo Nagoya ni tsukimashita• …arrived at Nagoya yesterday• Kyoshitsu ni kimashita • …came in the room


To (with, and)

• Tomadachi to ikimasu

• I will go with a friend.

• Sakana to gohan o tabemasu

• I will eat fish and rice.


Ka (Alternative)

• Juusu ka mizu o nomimasu ka?

• Will you drink juice or water?

• Barupen ka enpitsu o tukaimasu.

• I will use ballpen or pencil.


Made (ending point, till, up to, to)Made ni (deadline, by)

• Ashita made machimasu• I will wait till tomorrow.• 100 peji made yomimasu.• I will read up to page100.• Raishuu made ni shukudai o dashimasu.• Rainen made ni kohibito o

tsukurimasu/dekimasu• I’ll have a boyfriend by next year.


De (indicates place of dynamic action, by through)

• Koko de benyooshimasu

• I’ll study here.

• Kore de kirimasu

• I’ll cut (it) with this.

• Toshookan de hanashimasu.

• …will talk in the library


Reshu Shimashoo• Use the following words in a sentence• Hachi-ji – eight o’clock• Gakko – school• Toosuto – toast bread• Hamueggu – ham-and-egg• Koocha – black tea• Natsuyasumi-summer break• Tegami – letter• Kitte – stamp• Yuubinkyooku-post office• Kodomotachi - children


Translate the following sentences

• I read a book in a bright room• Children watch t.v. in a spacious room.• I heard from a friend• I’ll buy apples and oranges in the store.• He will buy present in the department

store• She is a Japanese language student.• They are the students from the

Philippines.


Numerals and Counters

• Ji – hour of the day• Fun/pun – minute• En – money• Guramu – weight• Nin- person• Mai – things like papers• Kai/gai – floor of a building• Shuukan - week


Numbers of Japanese origin(use for counting small things, ex. Apple)

• 1 hitotsu 6. muttsu

• 2. futatsu 7. nanatsu

• 3. hitotsu 8. yattsu

• 4. yottu 9. kokonotsu

• 5. itsutsu 10. to, too


Minute fun/pun

• 1 ippun

• 2 nifun

• 3sanpun

• 8 happun/hachifun

• 10jippun

• 20nijipun

• 40yonjippun


Floor of the buildinng (kai/gai)

• 1 ikkai

• 2 nikai

• 3 san gai

• 10 ji kkai


Month of the year (gatsu)

• January ichigatsu

• March sangatsu

• April shigatsu

• Octobe juugatsu


Day of the month

• 1st – tsitachi 2nd – futsuka

• 3rd – mikka 4th - yokka

• 5th – itsuka 6th – muika

• 7th – nanoka 8th – yooka

• 9th – kokonoka 10th – tooka

• 11th – juuichinichi 14th- juuyokka

• 20th – hatsuka 24th –nijuuyokka

• 30th – sanjuunichi 31st - sanjuuichinichi


Persons (nin)

• 1 hitori 2 futari

• 3 sannin 4 yonin

• 5 gonin 6 rokunin

• 7 shichinin/nananin 8 hachinin

• 9 kunin/kyuunin 10 juunin


Example (rei)

• Kyoo wa go ji ni okimashita• Ichi doru wa hyakuu en desu• One dollar is 100 yen• Kono kaban wa happyaku guramu desu.• This bag is 800 grams• Gakusei ga sanin kimashita• Three students came• Kitte o juumai kaimashita• I bought ten stamps

Family Terms, Locative Markers, Numerals, and Action words

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