Bringing LLAMA home:

the legalities and logistics ofmanaging the “by-catch” of a

large arthropod survey

Zack FalinDivision of Entomology, KU Biodiversity Institute

~or~

¡Cuidados, hay LLAMA’s (beetles)!

Bringing LLAMA home:

LLAMA 101

Bringing LLAMA home:

LLAMA 101

KU Biodiversity Institute protocols

KU Division of Entomology protocols

Bringing LLAMA home:

LLAMA 101

KU Biodiversity Institute protocols

KU Division of Entomology protocols

LLAMA statistics

Bringing LLAMA home:

LLAMA 101

KU Biodiversity Institute protocols

KU Division of Entomology protocols

LLAMA statistics

Pithy observations

LLAMA 101

LLAMA 101

2007 – reconnaissance n/a

2008 – Chiapas, Mexico 3,572

2009 – Guatemala 5,576

2010 – Honduras 4,096

2011 – Nicaragua 2,881

Total collecting events 16,125

LLAMA 101

Raw litter (i.e. “dirt bags”)

Pre-extracted beetles

Subsamples fractioned by taxon

LLAMA 101

Extract beetles from samples

Separate out representatives to mount

Archive duplicate series

Retain taxon-specific subset for DNA

Prepare & sort pinned specimens

Disburse loans to third party collaborators

Repatriate determined representatives

KU BI Accession Protocols

BI administrative accession =

legal ownership

KU BI Accession Protocols

BI administrative accession =

legal ownership

Divisional “accession” =

collection growth data

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

I hereby attest that to the best of my knowledge the above information is correct and accurate and that the specimens and/ or objects comprising this accession were obtained legally and are suitable for accession. Signature ______________________________________ Title: _____________________ Date: ______________ Printed name: ________________________________________ This accession is approved by the Biodiversity Institute of the University of Kansas. Signature ______________________________________ Title: _____________________ Date: ______________ Accession Number: _____________________________________

Description of Accession: See attached complete description

Accession Checklist

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

I hereby attest that to the best of my knowledge the above information is correct and accurate and that the specimens and/ or objects comprising this accession were obtained legally and are suitable for accession. Signature ______________________________________ Title: _____________________ Date: ______________ Printed name: ________________________________________ This accession is approved by the Biodiversity Institute of the University of Kansas. Signature ______________________________________ Title: _____________________ Date: ______________ Accession Number: _____________________________________

Description of Accession: See attached complete description ----------------------------------------------------

Accession Checklist

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Deed of Transfer

Version approved 19 September 2011

The University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute Deed of Transfer

Description of Accession: 2,445 Coleoptera collected by John LeConte in Kansas in 1845 AGREEMENT I hereby acknowledge that I have read the terms of acceptance (below), and that to the best of my knowledge the specimens and/or objects comprising this accession were obtained legally and further, that I have the authority to transfer their ownership to the University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute. Signature of agent/ donor: Date:

Terms of Acceptance 1. Signing this document legally transfers ownership of all specimens and/ or objects listed on the accession

form(s) to the Biodiversity Institute of the University of Kansas (institute). By the execution of this Deed of Transfer the donor or agent represents and warrants that he/ she has full power and authority to transfer or give the specimens and/ or objects to the institute. All donations, exchanges, gifts, purchases, bequests, and receipt of specimens or objects from regular fieldwork are considered outright and unconditional accessions to be used at the institute’s discretion.

2. The donor or agent acknowledges that the institute has not promised, and is in no way obliged, to exhibit

or restrict the use of these specimens and/ or objects and may deaccession or dispose of these specimens and/ or objects, if appropriate.

3. Donations to the institute may be tax deductible. Although the institute is unable to provide appraisals of

donations, the staff will provide a list of qualified appraisers upon request. 4. The institute shall have the absolute and unconditional ownership of the specimens and/ or objects listed

on this Deed of Transfer form.

Date Received from: Name Address Telephone

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

KU Biodiversity Institute – Accession Checklist

The following checklist is to be completed and approved before any specimen or object may be accessioned by the Biodiversity Institute. Check boxes ONLY if the required documents are in hand. ‘NA’ signifies ‘Not applicable’. FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (by donation, exchange, gift, abandonment, or purchase) Yes No NA Transmittal form or letter from appropriate authority at the institution of origin Signed Deed of Transfer form Export permit (if from a non-US institution) Import permit (if from a non-US institution) Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permits (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) APHIS certification(s) Other: ___________________________________________________ FOR RECEIPT OF SPECIMENS NOT PREVIOUSLY CATALOGED IN ANOTHER INSTITUTION (field work, gift, exchange, purchase, donation, bequest, or contract) Yes No NA Original or copy of collecting permit(s) Original or copy of export permit (if from a non-US locale or institution) Signed Deed of Transfer form US Fish and Wildlife Service ESA permit Copy of 3-177 form (if from a non-US locale or institution) CITES permit(s) (if transaction involves CITES-listed specimens) Migratory Bird Treaty Act permit APHIS certification(s) Original or copy of field notes for specimens in this accession Originals or copies of any correspondence relating to this accession Antarctic Conservation Act permit Bald Eagle Protection Act permit Bureau of Land Management permit Controlled Substances Act Feather Import Quota Fur Seal Act Marine Mammal Protection Act permit Plant Protection Act State Collecting permit US Fish and Wildlife Salvage permit Other: ______________________________________________________________

Version approved 19 September 2011

I hereby attest that to the best of my knowledge the above information is correct and accurate and that the specimens and/ or objects comprising this accession were obtained legally and are suitable for accession. Signature ______________________________________ Title: ____________________ Date: ______________ Printed name: ________________________________________ This accession is approved by the Biodiversity Institute of the University of Kansas. Signature ______________________________________ Title: ____________________ Date: ______________ Accession Number: __2012-EN-097_____________

Description of Accession: See attached complete description 2,445 Coleoptera collected by John LeConte in Kansas in 1845

KU BI Accession Protocols

Assemble documentation:

permits, “DoT”, 3-177, etc.

Submit with accession checklist

Cross fingers

KU BI Accession Protocols

Lengthy production time

Incomplete/mixed batches of samples

Multiple and varying preparation types

KU BI Accession Protocols

Lengthy production time

Incomplete/mixed batches of samples

Multiple and varying preparation types

Accession bulk lots

counted/differentiated by field numbers

or “collecting events”

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

“Yellow card”

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

2012-EN-097

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

2012-EN-097

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

2012-EN-097

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

Ent. Division Accession Protocols

LLAMA statistics

LLAMA statistics

2007 – reconnaissance 3,492 35

2008 – Chiapas, Mexico 12,688 219

2009 – Guatemala 14,427 177

2010 – Honduras 4,203

142

2011 – Nicaragua 4,481 106

39,291

679

LLAMA statistics

DNA grade sub-samples

700+ microvials

19 taxa of “DNA interest”

??? Individual specimens

LLAMA statistics

47 loans in 4 years

9,628 specimens loaned (~25% of total)

40+ specialists as determiners

366 unique taxa, species through family

1 specimen return, 40 species in 7 families

LLAMA statistics

Specify data base for specimen & collecting

event counts, determinations

Ad hoc Excel spreadsheets for all

transactions, sample tracking & DNA

grade EtOH inventory

Pithy observations

Pithy observations

Explicit Specimen Retention Agreements,

but impossible to enforce?

Pithy observations

Explicit Specimen Retention Agreements,

but impossible to enforce?

Clean samples… mostly

Pithy observations

Explicit Specimen Retention Agreements,

but impossible to enforce?

Clean samples… mostly

Easy (!) to accession despite complexity

Pithy observations

Explicit Specimen Retention Agreements,

but impossible to enforce?

Clean samples… mostly

Easy (!) to accession despite complexity

Everyone wins! But…

Pithy observations

Explicit Specimen Retention Agreements,

but impossible to enforce?

Clean samples… mostly

Easy (!) to accession despite complexity

Everyone wins! But…

Know thine sampling regimes

The one-l lama,He’s a priest,

The two-l llama,He’s a beast.

And I will betA silk pajama

There isn’t anyThree-l lllama.*

- Ogden Nash

*the author’s attention has been called to a type of conflagration known as the three-alarmer.

The one-l lama,He’s a priest,

The two-l llama,He’s a beast.

And I will betA silk pajama

There isn’t anyThree-l lllama.*

- Ogden Nash

*the author’s attention has been called to a type of conflagration known as the three-alarmer. Pooh.