Fagor 800m User

CNC 800 MNew Features (Ref.0204in)

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Version 2.1 (July 1995)

1. P627(1). DIVIDING FACTOR FOR ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL FEEDBACKSIGNALS

Machine parameter P627(1) is used with P612(6), P626(6) and P627(6) which indicate the multiplying factor for the electronic handwheelfeedback signals for the X, Y and Z axis respectively.

Machine parameter P627(1) indicates whether all handwheel feedback signals are to be divided or not.P627(1)=0 They are not divided.P627(1)=1 All handwheel feedback signals are divided by two.

Examples for the X axis so the CNC assumes 100 pulses/turn with 25, 50 and 100 line handwheels:

25 line Fagor handwheel: P612(6)=0 and P627(1)=0 25 x 4 / 1 = 100 lines50 line Fagor handwheel: P612(6)=1 and P627(1)=0 50 x 2 / 1 = 100 lines100 line Fagor handwheel: P612(6)=1 and P627(1)=1 100 x 2 / 2 = 100 lines

Version 2.4 (June 1996)1. HANDWHEELS AFFECTED BY FEED-HOLD.

Until now, it was assumed that electronic handwheels operated like mechanical handwheels and, therefore, were not affected by Feed-hold.

However, some applications require the electronic handwheels (manual pulse generators) to be affected by Feed-hold.

Machine parameter "P628(2)" indicates whether they are or not affected by Feed-hold.

P628(2) = 0 Not affectedP628(2) = 1 Affected.

2. AUTOMATIC TOOL CHANGERS (ATC)With this feature, it is possible to manage tool changers at any time.

Until now, this was only possible while executing a program (P99996) in Automatic Mode.

Parameter setting:

Machine parameter "P628(3)" indicates whether the machine has an ATC or not.

P628(3) = 0 No ATC.P628(3) = 1 The machine has an ATC.

In either case, the CNC considers machine parameter "P743" and "P745" .

P743 Standard subroutine to be executed prior to a T functionP745 Standard subroutine to be executed after a T function

The subroutines associated with the T function must contain the tool selection sequence and must be defined by the manufacturerin one of the special ISO-coded user programs: P99994 or P99996.

Both subroutines are defined by an integer between 0 and 89.If set to 0, the CNC assumes that no subroutine is to be executed.

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2.1 MACHINE WITH MANUAL TOOL CHANGERMachine parameter "P628(3)" must be set to "0" (no ATC available).

Basic operation in JOG or DRO mode

Every time a new tool is selected, (T?? - START), the CNC acts as follows:

1.- If machine parameter "P743" is set to a value other than "0", the CNC executes that standard subroutine.

2.- The CNC outputs the BCD code and assumes the new tool.


Basic operation while executing an automatic operation

Every time the execution of an automatic operation requires a tool change, (T01 active and the cycle requests T02), the CNC behavesas follows:


2.- It displays the message: "TOOL CHANGE" and interrupts program execution.

3.- When the operator presses the [CYCLE START] key, the CNC outputs the BCD code and assumes the new tool.


5.- The CNC resumes the execution of the automatic operation.

Basic operation while executing the ISO-coded user program (99996)

a) One or both machine parameters "P743" and "P745" have been set to a value other than "0".

Every time the execution of the ISO program (99996) requires a tool changer, the CNC behaves as follows:




4.- The CNC resumes program execution.

b) Both machine parameters "P743" and "P745" have been set to "0".



2.- It executes the internal standard subroutine N99, which:

Displays the message: "TOOL CHANGE"and interrupts program execution (M00).

3.- When the operator presses the [CYCLE START] key, the CNC resumes program execution.

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2.2 MACHINE WITH AUTOMATIC TOOL CHANGER (ATC)Machine parameter "P628(3)" must be set to "1" (ATC available).

Basic operation in JOG or DRO mode

Every time a new tool is selected, (T?? - START), the CNC acts as follows:




Basic operation while executing an automatic operation

Every time the execution of an automatic operation requires a tool change, (T01 active and the cycle requests T02), the CNC behavesas follows:




4.- The CNC resumes the execution of the automatic operation.

Basic operation while executing the ISO-coded user program (99996)

a) One or both machine parameters "P743" and "P745" have been set to a value other than "0".





4.- The CNC resumes program execution.

b) Both machine parameters "P743" and "P745" have been set to "0".



2.- It executes the internal standard subroutine N99, which:

Displays the message: "TOOL CHANGE"and interrupts program execution (M00).

3.- When the operator presses the [CYCLE START] key, the CNC resumes program execution.

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3. TREATMENT OF THE M19 (SPINDLE ORIENT)When using ATC, the spindle must be oriented before changing tools.

This features implements function M19 to manage spindle orientation.

M19 should be included in the standard subroutine to be executed before the T function (machine parameter P743).

Requirements:

The spindle must have a spindle encoder installed.

This encoder must be connected via connector "A5", which is the same one used for the electronic handwheel associated withthe Z axis.

To use this feature on machines having a handwheel associated with the Z axis, connector "A5" must be shared by the handwheeland the spindle encoder.

Precautions on machines having a Z axis handwheel:

· Both feedback devices must be commutated (handwheel and spindle encoder).

· The CNC interprets the feedback signals at connector "A5" as follows:

In "Spindle Orient" mode" (M19) as spindle feedback.In "Open Loop Spindle" mode (M3, M4, M5) as handwheel pulses.

· If the spindle switches from "Spindle Orient" mode to "Open Loop" mode without swapping the feedback device at connector"A5", the CNC will take the spindle pulses as handwheel pulses.

Parameter setting:

Machine parameter "P800" indicates whether there is a spindle encoder installed or not and, consequently, whether "SpindleOrientation" is available or not.

P800 = 0 No spindle encoder installed. "Spindle Orient" not available.P800 <>0 Spindle encoder line count (number of pulses/rev).

Besides having an spindle encoder (P800 other than 0), the following machine parameters must also be set:

P609(2) Spindle counting directionP700 Spindle speed when operating in M19P601(7) Sign of the spindle analog output associated with M19.P612(8) Type of spindle encoder reference mark (home).P619(6) Spindle orient in both directions (Negative S also possible).P719 Minimum analog spindle output when in M19.P717 Spindle in-position zone when in M19P718 Proportional gain K of the spindle when in M19P916 Spindle Orient position when executing M19 without an "S" value.

Programming format

Spindle Orient is programmed as: "M19 S4.3", where:

M19 Indicates that the spindle is now moving in Closed loop.S4.3 Indicates the number of degrees it has to move from the reference zero mark

Programming format while in DRO mode

To orient the spindle, proceed as follows:

* Press the keystroke sequence: [F] - [BEGIN] - [END]* The bottom of the CNC screen shows the letter "M"* Key in [1] - [9] - [S] - (desired value) - [CYCLE START]

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Basic operation

A "M19 S4.3" type block is executed as follows:

* The CNC outputs the M19 code as any other "M" function so the electrical cabinet can execute it.

* If the spindle was in open loop (M3, M4), the CNC slows the spindle down until its speed is below the value set by machineparameter "P700" and, then, homes the spindle.

* The CNC orients the spindle to the preset position (S4.3) and at the speed set by machine parameter "P700".

If a block containing only an "M19" is executed (without "S4.3"), the CNC orients the spindle to the position set by machineparameter "P916". If "P916=0", the spindle spins indefinitely at the rpm set for M19.

The orienting direction is set by machine parameter "P601(7)"; however, the spindle may be oriented in either direction byusing machine parameter "P619(6)".

* The spindle will remain in closed loop until:

- An M3, M4 or M5 is executed- An S ???? is executed- A Reset is carried out- An M30 is executed- An execution error comes up

Example:

M3 S1000 Spindle in open loop and turning clock-wise.M19 Spindle in closed loop, home search and orientation to position indicated by parameter "P916".M19 S100 Orient to 100° (from reference mark, home)S1000 Spindle in open loop recovering its previous turning direction (M3):M19 S200 Spindle in closed loop, home search and orientation to 200º from reference mark.

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Version 3.1 (November 1997)

1. GENERATING AN ISO-CODED PROGRAMWith this CNC, the ISO code (low level) for an operation or a part-program may be generated.

To use this feature, machine parameter "P630(1)" must be set to "1".

This ISO program always has the number: 99996 and can be stored either at the CNC or at a PC.

Program 99996 is a special user program in ISO code and can be:Generated from an operation or a part-program.Edited at the CNC itself via menu option: "Auxiliary Modes - Edit program 99996"Loaded into the CNC after being generated at a PC.

Generating the ISO program (99996) at the CNC.

This CNC has 11 K of memory space to store program 99996. If the generated program is larger than that, the CNC will issue therelevant error message.

To generate program 99996, proceed as follows:

* If it is an operation, select or define the desired operation.

* If it is a part-program, select the desired one in the part-program directory and place the cursor on its header ("PART 01435".A listing of the operations it consists of must appear).

* Press the keystroke sequence: [CALC] [7]. The CNC will show the graphic simulation screen.

* Press . The CNC starts simulating the part and generating its ISO-coded program 99996.

* When done with the simulation, program 99996 stored in CNC memory will contain all simulated blocks in ISO code.

Generating the ISO program (99996) at a PC

Usually, the 99996 program generated from a part-program exceeds the available memory space of the CNC.

By using "DNC30", this program may be generated at a PC.

To do this, proceed as follows:

* Activate DNC communications and execute the DNC30 program at the PC.

* Select at the PC the menu option: "Program Management - Receive Digitizing".

* At the CNC, select the operation or place the cursor on the part-program header ("PART 01435"). A listing of the operationsit consists of must appear).

* Press [CALC] [8]. The CNC will display the graphic simulation screen.

* Press . The CNC starts simulating the part and generating program 99996.

* When done with the simulation, the 99996 program generated at the PC will contain all the blocks simulated by the CNC inISO code.

This program can be executed at the CNC through the menu option: "Execute infinite program" of the DNC30.

Note: While generating the ISO-coded program, no tool compensation is applied when simulating. However, the generatedprogram will have the corresponding G41 and G42.

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2. RIGID TAPPING IS NOW AVAILABLEFrom this version on, typical tapping is possible (with a clutch) "P630(3)=0" as well as rigid tapping "P630(3)=1".

For rigid tapping, the CNC must control the spindle checking its turning speed at all times and supplying the necessary analog voltagefor the spindle to turn at the selected speed.

General considerations:

Rigid tapping is an interpolation between the spindle and the Z axis.The acceleration and deceleration time for the spindle and the Z axis should be the same.The following error (lag) of the spindle and that of the Z axis must be proportional. For example, if when tapping at F1000mm/min,

S1000rpm (pitch=1mm) the observed following error is Z=1mm and S=360º, it means that they are both perfectly synchronized.A machine parameter is now available to adjust the spindle's response (acc/dec) for each spindle range (gear).Since the Z axis gain is different for machining and for rigid tapping, the CNC offers 2 parameters, one for each case.Output THREADING_ON (I97) is active when carrying out a rigid tapping.

Machine parameters related to the spindle:

P800 Number of spindle encoder pulses (0...9999)P601(7) Sign of the analog S associated with M19 (0 or 1)P609(2) Spindle counting direction (0 or 1)P612(8) Type of spindle home marker pulse (0 = -, 1 = +)P719 Minimum spindle analog voltage (0...255)

P719=0 ==> 2,5 mV P719=10 ==> 25.0 mV (10 x 2.5)P719=1 ==> 2,5 mV P719=255 ==> 637.5 mV (255 x 2.5)

P717 In-position zone (dead-band) of the spindle. Number of encoder pulses (0...255)The CNC internally applies a x4 multiplying factor to the pulses coming from the encoder.Thus, with a 1000 line encoder and P717= 100, the in-position zone will be: (360°/4000)x100= ±9°

P718 Proportional spindle gain K (0...255)It sets the analog voltage corresponding to a following error of 1 spindle encoder pulse.

Analog (mV.) = P718 x Following error (pulses) x 2.5 mV / 64P751, P747, P748, P749 Duration of the spindle acc/dec ramp in ranges 1, 2, 3, 4 (0...255) Value 1=20 msP746 Feed-forward gain in rigid tapping (0...255)P750 Z axis proportional gain K1 in rigid tapping (0...255)P625(1) The tap entry is synchronized with the spindle home marker pulse (0=No, 1=Yes)

Feedback inputs:

P630(4) = 0 Connector A5 is used for spindle feedback and for the Z axis handwheel.Both feedback devices must be switched externally.

P630(4) = 1 Connector A5 is only used for spindle feedback.Connector A6 is used for the X axis handwheel.Connector A4 is used for Y and Z axes handwheels.PLC output O46 indicates which axis moves when turning the handwheel connected to A4."O46=0" for the Y axis and "O46=1" for the Z axis.

ISO Programming

It is programmed by means of function G33 (threading) indicating axis feedrate and spindle speed.Examples: G33 Z -10 F1000 S1000 M3 F1000 S1000 M3

G33 Z-10Functions G00, G01, G02 and G03 cancel function G33.

3. CURRENT CNC SOFTWARE VERSIONFrom this version on, when accessing the EPROM checksum screen [Auxiliary Modes] [Special Modes] [8]

The CNC will show the checksum of each EPROM and the current CNC software version. For example: Version 3.1

4. SCREEN SAVERWhen machine parameter “P626(7)=1” the screen saver function acts as follows:

After 5 minutes without pressing any key or the CNC not receiving any new data for refreshing (updating) the screen, it goesblank. Video is restored when pressing any key or when the CNC receives data to update the screen.

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5. SEMIAUTOMATIC LINEAR MILLING

To access this mode, select the linear milling mode and press to get into semiautomatic mode.

This operation cannot be stored as in a part-program.

The path angle (α) and length (L) must be defined.

Jog the axes with the handwheel up to the starting point and press the corresponding JOG key (justpress it once, it does not have to be held down).

The axes will travel the indicated distance "L" in the indicated direction and at an angle "α" or until

the key is pressed.

6. SEMIAUTOMATIC ARC MILLING

To access this mode, select the arc milling mode and press to get into semiautomatic mode.

This operation cannot be stored in a part-program.

The rounding radius (R) must be defined. Its sign indicates the turning direction (R+ and R-)

Jog the machines with the handwheels to the desired starting point and press the corresponding JOG key (just press it once, it doesnot have to be held down). The machine will make a 90º arc in the indicated direction.

7. CROSS COMPENSATIONBesides compensating for measuring errors due to inaccurate leadscrews (leadscrew error), this CNC offers cross compensation inorder to compensate for errors caused by one axis onto another. A typical case would be beam (ram) sag compensation.

To use cross compensation, one must define the axis to be compensated and the one inflicting the error onto the other one whenmoving.

Machine parameters related to cross compensation:

P623(1) Cross compensation applied to the X axis (0=No, 1=Yes)P620(5) Cross compensation applied to the Y axis (0=No, 1=Yes)P620(4) Cross compensation applied to the Z axis (0=No, 1=Yes)P623(2), P623(3) Axis inflicting the error onto the other one.

Examples: Compensate Y for Z axis movementP620 ( * * * 1 0 * * *) P623 ( * * * * * 0 0 0)Compensate X for Y axis movementP620 ( * * * 0 0 * * *) P623 ( * * * * * 1 0 1)

8. FUNCTION M80 WHEN "Z" AS A DRO AXISThis feature is available when the Z axis is set to work as a DRO axis. "P617(4)=1".

Whenever the Z axis has to be moved, the CNC shows the text: "Act upon Z".Also, from this version on, it executes the auxiliary function M80. With this function, it is possible to act upon the hydraulic or mechanicaldevice that controls the Z axis.

Affected (compensated) axis Moving ("guilty") axis

P623(1) P620(5) P620(4) P623(3) P623(2)

X 1 0 0 X 0 1

Y 0 1 0 Y 1 0

Z 0 0 1 Z 1 1

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9. MACHINE SAFETY REGULATIONThis CNC offers the following features to comply with machine safety regulations.

Enabling of the CYCLE START key from the PLC

This feature is available when machine parameter "P630(5)=1"

PLC output O25 indicates whether the CYCLE START key is enabled (=1) or not (=0)

Axes movements controlled by Feed-Hold. (It was already available)

Feed-Hold input, pin 15 of connector I/O 1, must be normally high.

If while moving the axes, the Feed-Hold input is brought low, the CNC keeps the spindle turning and stops the axes with 0V orvelocity command (analog signal) and keeping their enables ON.

When this signal is brought back up, the CNC will resume the movement of the axes.

Axes jogging feedrate limited by PLC.

This feature is available when machine parameter "P630(5)=1"

When activating PLC output O26, the CNC assumes the feedrate set by machine parameter "P814"

Handwheel managed by the PLC.

Machine parameter "P628(2)" indicates whether the axes movements with handwheels are affected by Feed-Hold (=1) or not (=0)

Machine parameter "P630(2)" indicates whether the multiplying factor indicated by the MFO switch position is applied (=0) orthe one indicated by the PLC outputs O44 and O45 (=1) (already available)

Spindle control from the PLC.

This feature is available when "P630(5)=1"

Output O27 =1 "tells" the CNC to apply the spindle analog voltage set by the PLC. The value of this analog signal is set at registerR156 and sent to the CNC by mark M1956.

R156= 0000 1111 1111 1111 => + 10V. R156= 0001 1111 1111 1111 => - 10V.R156= 0000 0111 1111 1111 => + 5V. R156= 0001 0111 1111 1111 => - 5V.R156= 0000 0011 1111 1111 => + 2,5V. R156= 0001 0011 1111 1111 => - 2,5V.R156= 0000 0000 0000 0000 => + 0V. R156= 0001 0000 0000 0000 => - 0V.

Also, PLC output O43, lets you control the rotation of the spindle. (Already available).It must be normally low.If it is brought up, the CNC stops the spindle.When it is brought back up, the CNC restarts the spindle.

Information for the PLC on the status of the machine reference (home) search

I88 Home search in progress.I100 X axis home search done.I101 Y axis home search done.I102 Z axis home search done.

O44 O45

0 0 According to switch setting

1 0 Same as x1 setting of the switch



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Additional CNC information for the PLC

R120 The lower half of this register indicates the last key pressed.This value is maintained for 200 milliseconds unless another key is pressed before then.This register can be canceled from the PLC after being processed.

R121 bit 1 Indicates that the Milling operation is selected (=1)bit 2 Indicates that the Positioning operation is selected (=1)bit 3 Indicates that the Pocket Milling operation is selected (=1)bit 4 Indicates that the Boss Milling operation is selected (=1)bit 5 Indicates that the Corner Roughing operation is selected (=1)bit 6 Indicates that the Surface Milling operation is selected (=1)bit 7 Indicates that one of the machining operations (Center punching, Drilling, etc.) is selected (=1)bit 8 Indicates that the "Auxiliary Modes" option is selected (=1)bit 9 Indicates that the "Tool Calibration" option is selected (=1)bit 10 Indicates that the "Graphic Simulation" mode is selected (=1)bit 16 Indicates that the mode relevant to following cycle parameters: "finising pass, finishing feedrate, finishing tool and

safety distances on X and Z" is selected (=1)

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Version 3.3 (March 1998)

1. MODULAR CNCThe modular 800M CNC consists of the Central Unit module (CPU), the Monitor and the keyboard.

Central Unit. It is usually located in the electrical cabinet and is mounted by means the holes it has for this purpose on its supportlid. Dimensions in mm.

When installing it, observe enough clearance to swing theCentral Unit open for future access to its interior.

To swing the central unit open, undo the two knurled nutsat the top and swing it open while holding its body.

Monitor. It may be mounted anywhere on the machine, preferably at operator's eye level.

9" Amber and 10" Color Monitor

1.- Contrast2.- Brightness3.- Two 3.15A/250V fast fuses (F), one per mains line, to protect the mains input.4.- Power switch.5.- 220 Vac mains and ground connection.6.- General ground connection terminal. Metric 6mm7.- 15-pin SUB-D type male connector for connecting it with the Central Unit.

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14" Color Monitor

X2 15-pin SUB-D type male connector for connecting it with the Central Unit.1.- General ground connection terminal. Metric 6mm2.- 220 Vac mains and ground connection.

Monitor enclosures.

Keyboard. It may be mounted anywhere on the machine.

Rear panel

1.- 25-pin SUB-D type female connector for connecting it with the Central Unit.2.- Buzzer volume adjusting potentiometer.3.- Buzzer.

A, B, C, D E9" & 10 Monitor 25 mm 150 mm

14" Monitor 100 mm 50 mm

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Connector for connecting the Central Unit with the Monitor.

FAGOR AUTOMATION provides the cable required for this connection. It comes with a 15-pin SUB-D type male connector atone end and a 15-pin SUB-D type female connector at the other.

Both connectors have a latching system UNC4.40 by means of two screws.

The supplied cable has 6 twisted pairs of 0.34 mm² wires (6 x 2 x 0.34mm²), with overall shield and acrylic cover. It has a specificimpedance of 120 Ohms. Its maximum length must be 25 meters (82 feet).

The cable shield is soldered to the metal hoods (housings) of both connectors and connected to pin 1 at both the Central Unitand Monitor/keyboard connectors.

Connector for connecting the Central Unit with the keyboard.

FAGOR AUTOMATION provides the cable required for this connection. It comes with a 25-pin SUB-D type male connector ateach end.

Both connectors have a latching system UNC4.40 by means of two screws.

The supplied cable has 25 wires of 0.14 mm² (25 x 0.14mm²), with overall shield and acrylic cover. Its maximum length must be 25meters (82 feet).

The cable shield is soldered to the metal hoods (housings) of both connectors and connected to pin 1 at both the Central Unitand Monitor/keyboard connectors.

ShieldHeat shrink

Outside shield solderedto metal hood

Metal hood

ShieldHeat shrink

Metal hood

Outside shield solderedto metal hood

PIN SIGNAL

1 GND

2 H

3 V

4 I

5 R

6 G

7 B

8 Not connected

9 Not connected

10 H

11 V

12 I

13 R

14 G

15 B

Metal hood Shield

PIN SIGNAL

1 GND

2 C9

3 C11

4 C13

5 C15

6 C1

7 C3

8 C5

9 C7

10 D1

11 D3

12 D5

13 D7

14 C8

15 C10

16 C12

17 C14

18 C0

19 C2

20 C4

21 C6

22 D0

23 D2

24 D4

25 D6

Metal hood Shield

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2. PROGRAMMING IN ISO CODE. NEW FUNCTION F34P1 = F34 Parameter P1 takes the value of the tool causing the call to the subroutine associated with the tools.

Do not mistake it with function F24 which returns the number of the tool currently being used.

3. PROGRAMMING IN ISO CODE. RIGID TAPPINGWhen carrying out rigid tapping in 800M mode, the CNC acts as follows:

1.- Internally generates function M81 (switching feedback)2.- Carries out rigid tapping.3.- Internally generates function M82 (switching back to previous feedback)

Therefore, when programming rigid tapping in ISO code, function M81 must be programmed in block preceding rigid tapping andfunction M82 in the one following it.

4. 1000 LINE ENCODER AS A 1250 LINE ENCODERWith this feature, the CNC can use a 1000 line encoder as it were a 1250 line encoder.

P630(6) X axis 1000 line encoder as 1250 line encoder (0=No, 1=Yes)P630(7) Y axis 1000 line encoder as 1250 line encoder (0=No, 1=Yes)P630(8) Z axis 1000 line encoder as 1250 line encoder (0=No, 1=Yes)

A typical case: When using a motor with 1000 line encoder on a 5 mm pitch ballscrew.

The necessary calculations for setting axis resolution will be made using the selected line count (1000 or 1250 pulses).

5. PLCI. INPUT I104When the Feedrate Override Switch on the operator panel is set on one of the handwheel positions (x1, x10, x100), input I104 is setto "1".

6. PLCI. R120 AND THE KEY

From this version on, even when the is disabled by parameter P618(1), PLCI register R120 contains its code when it is pressed.

Version 3.04 (March 2002)1. TOOL COMPENSATION CANCELATION

Sometimes, it may be interesting to move the tool to a set position without applying its length compensation.In these cases, program "T.0" and the CNC will acts as follows:• It does not change the tool (it does not call its associated subroutine).• It cancels its associated offset (assuming a zero length and radius compensation).

The "T.xx" instruction may be programmed at any time, even inside the program P99996 or in its associated subroutine. The CNCassumes the new "xx" offset. When programming "T.0", it assumes a zero tool length and radius compensation.

2. FEEDBACK SIGNAL DIVIDING FACTORParameters P631(8), P631(7), P631(6), P631(5) and P631(4) are used with parameters P604(8), P604(7), P604(6), P604(5) and P616(8) thatindicate the multiplying factor for the feedback signals of the X, Y, Z, W, V axes respectively.

X axis Y axis Z axis W axis V axisP604(8) P604(7) P604(6) P604(5) P616(8)P631(8) P631(7) P631(6) P631(5) P631(4)

They indicate whether the feedback signals are divided (=1) or not (=0).P631(8)=0, P631(7)=0, P631(6)=0, P631(5)=0 and P631(4)=0 They are not dividedP631(8)=1, P631(7)=1, P631(6)=1, P631(5)=1 and P631(4)=1 They are divided by 2.

Example: To obtain a 0.01 mm resolution using a square-wave encoder mounted on the X axis whose pitch is 5 mm/turn.Nr of pulses = Leadscrew pitch / (Multiplying factor x Resolution)

If P604(8)=0 & P631(8)=0 x4 multiplying factor Nr of pulses = 125If P604(8)=1 & P631(8)=0 x2 multiplying factor Nr of pulses = 250If P604(8)=0 & P631(8)=1 x2 multiplying factor Nr of pulses = 250If P604(8)=1 & P631(8)=1 x1 multiplying factor Nr of pulses = 500

Headquarters (SPAIN): Fagor Automation S. Coop.Bº San Andrés s/n, Apdo. 144E-20500 Arrasate - MondragónTel: +34-943-719200/039800Fax: +34- 943-791712 +34-943-771118 (Service Dept.)www.fagorautomation.comE-mail: [email protected]

3. FEEDBACK FACTOR.The resolution of the axis is determined by the leadscrew pitch and the number of pulses of the encoder mounted on the motor.Sometimes, the resolution resulting from the available leadscrew / encoder combination does not match any of the resolution valuesallowed for the machine parameters (1, 2, 5, 10 microns or ten-thousandths of an inch).

Example: With a 6 mm/turn leadscrew pitch and a 2500 line encoder, the resulting resolution values are:Resolution = Leadscrew pitch / ( Nr of encoder pulses x multiplying factor).With x1 multiplying factor2.4 micron resolutionWith x2 multiplying factor1.2 micron resolutionWith a x4 multiplying factor 0.6 micron resolution

A new axis machine parameter is now available to solve these cases and it is referred to as Feedback Factor in order to adapt the resultingresolution to the existing setup.

P819 Feedback factor for the X axis P820 Feedback factor for the Y axis P821 Feedback factor for the Z axisValues between 0 and 65534, a "0" value means that this feature is not being used.

Use the following formula to calculate the "Feedback factor":Feedback Factor = (Gear ratio x Leadscrew Pitch / Encoder pulses) x 8.192

Examples: Gear ratio 1 1 2 1Leadscrew Pitch 4000 6000 6000 8000 (microns)Encoder 2500 2500 2500 2500 (pulses/turn)Feedback factor 13,107.2 19,660.8 39,321.6 26,214.4

The machine parameters only admit integers, but the Feedback Factor sometimes may have decimals. In those cases, set the machineparameter to the integer part of that value and use the leadscrew error compensation table to make up for the decimal part.

The values for this table are calculated using the following formula:Leadscrew position = Leadscrew error (microns) x Integer portion of feedback factor /Decimal portion of feedback factor

In this case: Gear ratio = 1 Pitch = 6000 Encoder = 2500Feedback factor = 19,660.8 Machine parameter = 19660For leadscrew error of 20 microns Leadscrew position = 20 x 19,660 / 0.8 = 491,520

The following table is obtained by using this calculation.Leadscrew position Amount of error at that positionP0 = -1966,000 P1 = -0.080P2 = -1474,500 P3 = -0.060P4 = -983,000 P5 = -0.040P6 = -491,500 P7 = -0.020P8 = 0 P9 = 0P10 = 491,500 P11 = 0.020P12 = 983,000 P13 = 0.040P14 = 1472,500 P15 = 0.060P16 = 1966,000 P17 = 0.080

FAGOR 800M CNC

OPERATING MANUAL

Ref. 9701 (in)

ABOUT THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL

This manual is addressed to the machine operator.

It includes the necessary information for new users as well as advanced subjects forthose who are already familiar with the 800M CNC product.

It may not be necessary to read this whole manual. Consult the list of "New Features andModifications".

This manual explains all the functions of the 800M CNC family. Consult the ComparisonTable for the models in order to find the specific ones offered by your CNC.

Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 show how to operate with this CNC.

Chapter 6 "Working with Part-programs" shows how to create parts consisting of AutomaticOperations. The Part-programs are stored in the internal CNC memory and may be sentout to a peripheral device or PC.

There is also an appendix on error codes which indicates some of the probable reasonswhich could cause each one of them.

Notes: The information described in this manual may be subject to variations due totechnical modifications.

FAGOR AUTOMATION, S.Coop. reserves the right to modify the contentsof the manual without prior notice.

INDEX

Section Page

Comparison Table for Fagor 800M CNC models ....................................................... ixNew Features and modifications ................................................................................... xiii

INTRODUCTION

Safety Conditions ........................................................................................................... 3Material Returning Terms ............................................................................................. 5Fagor Documentation for the 800M CNC ................................................................... 6Manual Contents ............................................................................................................ 7

Chapter 1 CONCEPTS

1.1 CRT description .................................................................................................................. 11.2 Keyboard description .......................................................................................................... 31.2.1 Main area ............................................................................................................................. 41.2.2 Area for functions and automatic operations ................................................................... 51.2.3 Functions keys .................................................................................................................... 61.2.4 Operator panel ..................................................................................................................... 71.3 Display units (mm/inches) .................................................................................................. 81.4 Reference systems ............................................................................................................... 91.4.1 Home search ......................................................................................................................... 91.4.2 Zero preset ........................................................................................................................... 101.4.3 Coordinate preset ................................................................................................................ 101.5 Operation in incremental mode ......................................................................................... 11

Chapter 2 BASIC OPERATIONS

2.1 Axis feedrate setting ........................................................................................................... 12.2 Work tool selection ............................................................................................................ 22.3 Axes jog ............................................................................................................................... 32.3.1 Continuous jog .................................................................................................................... 32.3.2 Incremental jog .................................................................................................................... 32.3.3 Axes jog via electronic handwheel ................................................................................... 42.4 Beginning (BEG) and END point ...................................................................................... 52.4.1 BEGIN and END point setting ........................................................................................... 52.4.2 Positioning at BEGIN or END points ................................................................................ 62.5 Spindle control .................................................................................................................... 72.5.1 Spindle speed setting .......................................................................................................... 72.5.2 Spindle speed range change ............................................................................................... 72.5.3 Clockwise spindle rotation ................................................................................................ 82.5.4 Counter-clockwise spindle rotation ................................................................................... 82.5.5 Spindle stop ......................................................................................................................... 82.6 Activating/deactivating external devices ......................................................................... 9

Section Page

Chapter 3 AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS

3.1 Millimeter <-> inches ......................................................................................................... 13.2 Tool length compensation ................................................................................................. 13.3 Tool table ............................................................................................................................ 23.3.1 Modification of tool dimensions ....................................................................................... 33.4 Tool calibration ................................................................................................................... 43.5 Execution / simulation of program 99996 ....................................................................... 53.5.1 Execution of programa 99996 ........................................................................................... 53.5.1.1 Tool inspection ................................................................................................................... 63.5.1.2 Execution modes ................................................................................................................. 73.5.1.3 Reset del CNC ..................................................................................................................... 73.5.1.4 Displaying program blocks ................................................................................................ 73.5.1.5 Display modes ..................................................................................................................... 83.5.2 Simulation of program 99996 ............................................................................................ 103.5.2.1 Zoom function ..................................................................................................................... 113.6 Auxiliary modes .................................................................................................................. 123.7 Peripherals ............................................................................................................................ 133.7.1 Peripheral mode ................................................................................................................... 133.7.2 DNC Communications ........................................................................................................ 143.8 Lock / Unlock ..................................................................................................................... 153.9 Editing program 99996 ...................................................................................................... 16

Chapter 4 AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS

4.1 General concepts ................................................................................................................. 24.1.1 Control over the Z axis ...................................................................................................... 24.1.2 Miscellaneous functions "M" before and after the cycle ................................................ 34.1.3 Machining conditions ......................................................................................................... 44.1.4 Simulation ............................................................................................................................ 54.1.4.1 Zoom function ..................................................................................................................... 64.1.5 Execution ............................................................................................................................. 74.1.5.1 Tool inspection ................................................................................................................... 84.2 Positioning ........................................................................................................................... 94.2.1 Point to point positioning .................................................................................................. 104.2.2 Positioning in a straight line ............................................................................................. 114.2.3 Positioning in an arc (bolt-hole) ....................................................................................... 124.2.4 Rectangular pattern positioning ........................................................................................ 134.2.5 Grid pattern positioning ..................................................................................................... 144.3 Milling ................................................................................................................................. 154.3.1 Linear milling ...................................................................................................................... 164.3.2 Circular milling ................................................................................................................... 174.3.3 Profiling ............................................................................................................................... 184.4 Pockets ................................................................................................................................. 234.4.1 Rectangular inside pocket .................................................................................................. 244.4.2 Circular inside pocket ......................................................................................................... 274.4.3 Rectangular outside pocket ................................................................................................ 294.4.4 Circular outside pocket ...................................................................................................... 324.5 Corner roughing .................................................................................................................. 344.6 Surface milling .................................................................................................................... 37

Chapter 5 MACHINING OPERATIONS

5.1 General Concepts ................................................................................................................ 25.1.1 "M" functions executed before and after the operation .................................................. 35.2 Center punching .................................................................................................................. 45.2.1 Programming example ........................................................................................................ 55.3 Drilling ................................................................................................................................. 65.3.1 Programming example ........................................................................................................ 75.4 Tapping ................................................................................................................................ 85.4.1 Programming example ........................................................................................................ 95.5 Boring /Reaming ................................................................................................................. 105.5.1 Programming examples ....................................................................................................... 11

Chapter 6 WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS

6.1 Access to the part-program table ....................................................................................... 16.2 Part-program selection ........................................................................................................ 26.3 Part-program editing ........................................................................................................... 36.4 Part-program simulation ..................................................................................................... 46.4.1 Zoom function ..................................................................................................................... 56.5 Part-program execution ....................................................................................................... 66.5.1 Execution of an operation previously stored in a part-program .................................... 76.5.2 Tool inspection ................................................................................................................... 86.6 Part-program modification .................................................................................................. 96.7 Part-program deletion ......................................................................................................... 106.8 Peripherals ............................................................................................................................ 116.8.1 Peripheral mode ................................................................................................................... 116.8.2 DNC Communications ........................................................................................................ 126.9 Lock / Unlock ..................................................................................................................... 13

ERROR CODES

Section Page

COMPARISON TABLEFOR FAGOR 800M

CNC MODELS

AVAILABLE 800M CNC MODELS

800-MG 800-MGI

X, Y axes control l l

Z axis as DRO l l

Controlled Z axis l l

Spindle l l

Tools 99 99

Tool Radius Compensation l l

Tool Length Compensation l l

Electronic Handwheels 3 3

RS 232C Communications l l

Integrated PLC (PLCI) l

ISO-coded program editing(P99996)

l l

Execution of ISO-codedprogram (P99996)

l l

Graphics l l

Date: July 1995 Software version: 2.1 and newer

FEATURE AFFECTED MANUAL AND SECTION

Clear all arithmetic parameter contents setting Installation Manual Section 3.9them to "0". Operating Manual Section 3.8&6.9

ISO Programming. Programming Manual

Editing of program P99996 at the CNC. Installation Manual Section 3.10Operating Manual Section 3.9

When interrupting execution, the keys for the Installation Manual Section 3.5.1spindle, the coolant and for O1, O2, O3 and Operating Manual Section 2.5.1TOOL are enabled. Operating Manual Section 6.5

Subroutine associated to the execution of a tool Installation Manual Section 4.3(only when executing program P99996) Programming Manual Chapter 9.

ISO codes of the 800T CNC Programming Manual

NEW FEATURESAND

MODIFICATIONS

Date: November 1995 Software version: 2.2 and newer


Subroutines to be executed before and after Installation Manual Section 4.3the "T" function. Programming Manual Chapter 9

"M" functions associated with automatic Operating Manual Section 4.1.2operations.

"M" functions associated with machining Operating Manual Section 5.1.1operations.

Introduction - 1

INTRODUCTION

Introduction - 3

SAFETY CONDITIONS

Read the following safety measures in order to prevent damage to personnel, to thisproduct and to those products connected to it.

This unit must only be repaired by personnel authorized by Fagor Automation.

Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any physical or material damagederived from the violation of these basic safety regulations.

Precautions against personal damage

Before powering the unit up, make sure that it is connected to groundIn order to avoid electrical discharges, make sure that all the grounding connections areproperly made.

Do not work in humid environmentsIn order to avoid electrical discharges, always work under 90% of relative humidity(non-condensing) and 45º C (113º F).

Do not work in explosive environmentsIn order to avoid risks, damage, do no work in explosive environments.

Precautions against product damage

Working environmentThis unit is ready to be used in Industrial Environments complying with the directivesand regulations effective in the European Community

Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any damage suffered or causedwhen installed in other environments (residential or homes).

Install the unit in the right placeIt is recommended, whenever possible, to instal the CNC away from coolants, chemicalproduct, blows, etc. that could damage it.

This unit complies with the European directives on electromagnetic compatibility.Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep it away from sources of electromagneticdisturbance such as.- Powerful loads connected to the same AC power line as this equipment.- Nearby portable transmitters (Radio-telephones, Ham radio transmitters).- Nearby radio / TC transmitters.- Nearby arc welding machines- Nearby High Voltage power lines- Etc.

Ambient conditionsThe working temperature must be between +5° C and +45° C (41ºF and 113º F)The storage temperature must be between -25° C and 70° C. (-13º F and 158º F)

Introduction - 4

Protections of the unit itself

It carries two fast fuses of 3.15 Amp./ 250V. to protect the mains AC input

All the digital inputs and outputs are protected by an external fast fuse (F) of 3.15 Amp./250V. against a voltage overload (greater than 33Vdc) and against reverse connectionof the power supply.

Precautions during repair

Do not manipulate the inside of the unitOnly personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may manipulate theinside of this unit.

Do not manipulate the connectors with the unit connected to AC power.Before manipulating the connectors (inputs/outputs, feedback, etc.)make sure that the unit is not connected to AC power.

Safety symbols

Symbols which may appear on the manual

WARNING. symbolIt has an associated text indicating those actions or operations may hurt peopleor damage products.

Symbols that may be carried on the product


"Electrical Shock" symbolIt indicates that point may be under electrical voltage

"Ground Protection" symbolIt indicates that point must be connected to the main ground point of themachine as protection for people and units.

Introduction - 5

MATERIAL RETURNING TERMS

When returning the CNC, pack it in its original package and with its original packagingmaterial. If not available, pack it as follows:

1.- Get a cardboard box whose three inside dimensions are at least 15 cm (6 inches) largerthan those of the unit. The cardboard being used to make the box must have a resistanceof 170 Kg (375 lb.).

2.- When sending it to a Fagor Automation office for repair, attach a label indicating theowner of the unit, person to contact, type of unit, serial number, symptom and a briefdescription of the problem.

3.- Wrap the unit in a polyethylene roll or similar material to protect it.

When sending the monitor, especially protect the CRT glass.

4.- Pad the unit inside the cardboard box with poly-utherane foam on all sides.

5.- Seal the cardboard box with packing tape or industrial staples.

Introduction - 6

FAGOR DOCUMENTATIONFOR THE 800M CNC

800M CNC OEM Manual Is directed to the machine builder or person in charge of installing and startingup the CNC.

It has the Installation manual inside. Sometimes, it may contain an additionalmanual describing New Software Features recently implemented.

800M CNC USER Manual Is directed to the end user or CNC operator.

It contains 2 manuals:Operating Manual describing how to operate the CNC.Programming Manual describing how to program the CNC.

Sometimes, it may contain an additional manual describing New SoftwareFeatures recently implemented.

DNC 25/30 Software Manual Is directed to people using the optional DNC communications software.

DNC 25/30 Protocol Manual Is directed to people wishing to design their own DNC communications softwareto communicate with the 800 without using the DNC25/30 software..

PLCI Manual To be used when the CNC has an integrated PLC.

Is directed to the machine builder or person in charge of installing and startingup the PLCI.

DNC-PLC Manual Is directed to people using the optional communications software: DNC-PLC.

FLOPPY DISK Manual Is directed to people using the Fagor Floppy Disk Unit and it shows how to useit.

Introduction - 7

MANUAL CONTENTS

The operation manual consists of the following sections:

Index

Comparative Table for Fagor 800M CNC models

New Features and modifications

Introduction Safety ConditionsMaterial returning conditionsFagor documents for the 800M CNCManual Contents

Chapter 1 ConceptsIndicates the layout of the keyboard, operator panel and information on the monitor.Describes the display units and how to modify themIndicates the reference systems to be set.How to reference the machine and how to preset coordinates.How to operate with absolute and incremental coordinates

Chapter 2 Basic operationsIndicates how to select the axis feedrate.How to jog the machine with jog keys or with the electronic handwheel.How to select the starting point (BEGIN) and the end point (END).How to position the tool at the BEGIN or END point.Spindle control. Speed selection, range change and turning direction.How to activate and deactivate external devices.

Chapter 3 Auxiliary functions:Indicates how to select working units (mm/inches).How to set the tool table.How to calibrate and inspect tools.How to operate with peripherals.How to lock and unlock the program memory.How to edit, execute and simulate program 99996.

Chapter 4 Automatic operations.Indicates how to select and program each automatic operation.Operating modes: "Semi-automatic and automatic"How to select the machining conditions of the automatic operations.How to execute and simulate an automatic operation.

Chapter 5 Machining operations.Indicates how to select and program each machining operation.How to associate a machining operation with an automatic operation.How to associate auxiliary "M" functions with the machining operation.

Chapter 6 Working with parts.Indicates how to access the part-program directory.How to select a part-program, edit it, simulate it and execute it.How to execute an operation previously stored in a part-program.How to modify a part-program.How to delete a part-program.How to operate with peripherals.How to lock and unlock the part-program memory.

Error codes.

CONCEPTS 1

Chapter: 1 Section: Page

1. CONCEPTS

After powering the 800M CNC, the screen shows the CNC model name and the message:

*** GENERAL TEST *** Passed

Press any key to access the CNC standard operating mode.

If the GENERAL TEST was not successful, the CNC will display the detected errorswhich must be corrected before operating with the machine.

1.1 CRT DESCRIPTION

The CRT of this model is divided into the following areas or display windows:

1.- This window indicates the selected operating mode: DRO, Linear Milling, InsidePocket, etc.

It also shows the CNC status during the execution of the automatic operations (inexecution, interrupted or in position).

CRT DESCRIPTION

CONCEPTS2

Section:Chapter: 1Page

2.- Main window.

This window shows the current tool position (X, Y and Z coordinates) and the numberof the tool currently selected.

When an automatic operation is selected, this window shows the position of the axeson a single line. The rest of the window is used to show a graphic representation ofthe selected automatic operation.

3.- This window shows the following information:

* The axis feedrate (F) currently selected and the override percentage (%) beingapplied at the time.

* The currently selected (active) spindle speed (S) and the override percentage (%)being applied at the time.

* The currently selected spindle turning direction

* The currently selected tool (T).

4.- This area shows the coordinates of the BEGIN point (BEG) and END point.

When an automatic operation is selected, this window shows the definition parametersof that operation.

5.- Editing and CNC message display window.

CRT DESCRIPTION

CONCEPTS 3


1.2 KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION

With this keyboard, it is possible to communicate with the CNC and it is divided into thefollowing areas:

1.- Function keys.

2.- Operator Panel.

3.- Area for functions and automatic operations.

4.- Main area.

KEYBOARD DESCRIPTION

CONCEPTS4


1.2.1 MAIN AREA

It consists of the following keys:

Numeric keyboard. with the following keys: . , -, 0, 1, 2, ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ,9

to enter integer and decimal values with or without sign.

To assign values to the machine parameters.

When pressing the keystroke sequence: the CRT goes blank. To getthe normal display back, just press any key.

If while the screen is blank, an error occurs at the CNC, the screen will come backon.

After pressing this key, it is possible to set the X axis coordinate value. Once thisvalue has been keyed in, press [ENTER] to validate it.

After pressing this key, it is possible to set the Y axis coordinate value. Once thisvalue has been keyed in, press [ENTER] to validate it.

After pressing this key, it is possible to set the Z axis coordinate value. Once thisvalue has been keyed in, press [ENTER] to validate it.

After pressing this key, it is possible to set the axis feedrate value. Once this valuehas been keyed in, press to validate it.

After pressing this key, it is possible to set the spindle speed value. Once this valuehas been keyed in, press [ENTER] to validate it.

After pressing this key, it is possible to define the new tool to be selected. Once thisis done, one may:

* Press for the CNC to select the new tool or

* Press [ENTER] for the CNC to store this value without selecting a new tool.This option is useful when editing operations that will be stored later on.

After pressing this key, it is possible to select the number of the part-program tobe either edited or executed. Once this is done, press [ENTER] to validate thechoice.

It is used to validate the CNC commands generated in the editing window.

Used to recover previously entered data from the part-program memory or CNCtables, in order to check it or modify it.

Before pressing this key, select the operation or value to be analyzed, by means ofthe cursor and up and down arrow keys.

It allows access to the data entry mode for any automatic operation.To quit this mode, press this key again.

To delete the last character entered in the editing window.


CONCEPTS 5


1.2.2 AREA FOR FUNCTIONS AND AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS

It consists of the following keys:

To select the coordinate of the corresponding BEGIN point (BEG) to either modifyit later or command the machine to move to that point.

To select the coordinate of the corresponding END point to either modify it lateror command the machine to move to that point.

To access the incremental mode (INC).

When the incremental mode is selected, the right-hand side of the main windowshows the text "INC".

To return to standard mode, press this key again.

To select the operating mode for the execution of the automatic operation.

Continuous mode. The selected operation is executed from beginning to endwithout interruptions.

Single mode. The selected operation is executed one pass at a time, being necessaryto press before each pass.

Whenever this single mode is selected, the right hand side of the main windowshows the symbol

To associate a machining operation to the selected automatic operation.

To select the automatic operation: "Point to Point Positioning"

To select the automatic operation: "Positioning in a straight line"

To select the automatic operation: "Positioning in an arc pattern" (Bolt-hole)

To select the automatic operation: "Positioning in a Rectangular pattern"

To select the automatic operation: "Positioning in a Grid pattern"

To select the automatic operation: "Linear Milling"

To select the automatic operation: "Circular Milling"

To select the automatic operation: "Profiling"

To select the automatic operation: "Inside Pocket"

To select the automatic operation: "Outside Pocket (Boss)"

To select the automatic operation: "Corner Roughing"

To select the automatic operation: "Surface Milling"

When an automatic operation or a machining operation has been selected, the CNCwill show the next available option every time this key is pressed.


CONCEPTS6


1.2.3 FUNCTION KEYS

They the following:

To access the menu for auxiliary functions offered by this CNC.

To access the simulation mode for operations and programs.

To access the "Calculator" mode. This option is not available in the current version.

To select the previous and next options when required by the displayed menu andto perform the machine reference (home) search.

To move from one data field to another in the data entry mode for automatic andmachining operations.

Also, to select the previous and next data in BEG and END functions.

To turn the coolant on and off.

To activate and deactivate outputs: O1, O2 and O3.

To reset the CNC so it assumes the default values established by machineparameters. This key must also be pressed whenever the settings of the machineparameters have been changed so the new ones are assumed by the CNC.

While executing an automatic operation, it is necessary to stop it first. Besides, theCNC will ask for confirmation of the command being necessary to press this keyagain. To cancel the resetting operation, press

If this reset key is pressed while one of the automatic operations is selected, theCNC will quit that mode and return to the DRO display mode.


CONCEPTS 7


1.2.4 OPERATOR PANEL

Depending on their function, this panel is divided into the following areas:

1.- Keyboard to jog the axes..

2.- Selector switch consisting of the following elements::

To select the multiplying factor applied by the CNC to the pulses from theelectronic handwheel (1, 10, 100).

JOG To select the distance the axis will move (1, 10, 100, 1000 microns or ten-thousandths of an inch) when pressing the corresponding key.

FEED To change the programmed feedrate between 0% and 120%.

3.- Keyboard to control the spindle. It can be started in the desired direction stopped orchange its turning speed between 50% and 120% of the programmed speed with anincremental step of 5%.

4.- Keyboard for [START] and [STOP] of the programmed movements, automaticoperations and part programs.


CONCEPTS8


1.3 DISPLAY UNITS (mm/inches)

The main window of this CNC shows at all times the X, Y and Z coordinates of the toolposition.

With this CNC it is possible to display the position of the axes in either mm or inches.

To change the type of display units, press [AUX] and select the "MM/INCH" option.Every time this option is selected, the CNC will toggle the display units from mm to inchesand vice versa showing the axis position in the selected units.

To exit the operating mode for auxiliary functions and return to the standard display mode,press [AUX] or [END].

DISPLAY UNITS

CONCEPTS 9


1.4 REFERENCE SYSTEMS

The machine where this CNC is installed needs to have the Machine Reference Zero(home) for each axis defined. This point is set by the manufacturer as the origin of thecoordinate system (Part Zero) of the machine.

It is also possible to establish another origin point for programming the part dimensions,Part Zero. This new origin point is chosen freely by the operator and the position valuesshown by the CNC are referred to this point.

Bear in mind that to select the Part Zero, the CNC must be working in absolute coordinates.If in the incremental mode, message "INC" on the right-hand side of the main window,press the key.

The Part Zero stays selected even when the CNC is off and it will be lost when a new PartZero is selected or when the Machine Reference Zero (home) is searched.

1.4.1 HOME SEARCH

The Machine Reference Zero search is done one axis at a time by following these steps:

* Press the key corresponding to the axis to be homed [X], [Y], [Z] and then the up arrowkey.

* The editing window will request confirmation of the command. Press the k e yfor the CNC to perform the home search on that axis.

If the home search is not desired, press any other key. To cancel the home search oncein progress, press [CLEAR]

When doing a home search, the CNC initializes the displays of the axis and it cancels thePart Zero that was selected.

REFERENCE SYSTEMS

CONCEPTS10


1.4.2 ZERO PRESET

It is possible to preset the desired Part Zero in order to use the coordinates relative to theblue-prints of the work-piece without having to modify the various points of the part.

To preset the Part Zero, follow these steps:

* The CNC must be working in absolute coordinates. If it is in the incremental mode,"INC" message on the right-hand side of the main window, press the key.

* Press the key corresponding to the axis to be preset [X], [Y], [Z] and then [ENTER].

The CNC will request confirmation of the command, press [ENTER] again.

* Repeat this operation for the other axes.

Every time this operation is done, the CNC assumes that point as the new coordinateorigin.

1.4.3 COORDINATE PRESET

With this feature it is possible to preset the desired coordinate (position) values in orderto use the coordinates relative to the blue-prints of the work-piece without having tomodify the various points of the part.

Also, this type of preset may be used when it is more convenient to work from coordinatevalue towards zero instead of doing it from one coordinate value to the next, as usual.

To preset a coordinate value, follow these steps:

* Press the key corresponding to the axis to be preset [X] [Y] [Z].

* Key in the desired position value for that point.

* Press [ENTER]. The CNC will request confirmation of the command, press [ENTER]again.

The CNC assumes that preset value as the new position value (coordinate) for thataxis.

* Repeat this operation for the other axes.

Every time a preset is done, the CNC assumes a new Part Zero which will be located ata distance from the preset point equal to the preset value.

REFERENCE SYSTEMS

CONCEPTS 11


1.5 OPERATION IN INCREMENTAL MODE

With this CNC it is possible to set a Floating Zero or Incremental Zero, besides the PartZero described earlier, in order to use coordinates relative to any point of the part.

In order to work in the incremental mode, it is necessary that the coordinate valuesdisplayed by the CNC be incremental, "INC" message on the right-hand side of the mainwindow. If this message is not being displayed, press

Atention:

Every time the incremental mode is selected, the CNC takes as Floating Zerothe Part Zero point currently active. Therefore, it will keep showing the sameX, Y, Z position values.

To set another Floating Zero, another coordinate or Par Zero must be preset. From thatmoment on, the coordinates shown by the CNC will be referred to the new Floating Zeroestablished.

The CNC keeps the Part Zero preset when working in absolute mode and it will displaythe X, Y, Z position referred to it when switching back from incremental to absolute mode.

OPERATION ININCREMENTAL MODE

PageChapter: 2 Section:

BASIC OPERATIONS 1

2. BASIC OPERATIONS

2.1 AXIS FEEDRATE SETTING

With this CNC it is possible to set the feedrate (F) for the axes as often as desiredin order to move them at the proper speed each time.

Also, the Operator Panel has a multi-position switch which allows modifying thefeedrate during those moves by applying the selected percentage (%) override to thefeedrate selected in each case. This percentage amount is indicated by the FeedrateOverride Switch (FEED) and it has a range from 0% through 120% of the set feedrate.

Follow these steps to set the axis feedrate (F):

* Press [F]

* Key in the value via keyboard and press

When working in mm/min., this value must be between 0 & 65535.000mm/min.

When working in inches/min., this value must be between 0 and 25801.1811inches/min.

The CNC assumes this value and it displays it on the screen. It also displays thepercentage of the feedrate override currently selected by the FEED switch. For example:F120 100%.

Atention:

When the CNC displays a value of "F0000", it applies the maximumfeedrate set by the corresponding machine parameter for each axis.

FEEDRATE SETTING


2 BASIC OPERATIONS

2.2 WORK TOOL SELECTION

The CNC must know at all times which tool is being used for machining. Toachieve this, every time a new tool is selected, after it has been changed, press[TOOL] followed by the selected tool and, then, press

The CNC assumes all the offset values corresponding to the new selected tool.These offset values (tool length and radius) will be taken into account by theCNC when performing any operation from this moment on.

If a new tool is to be selected when executing a cycle or preprogrammed part,the CNC acts as follows:

* It interrupts the execution.

* It executes the auxiliary function M05 to stop the spindle.

* It deactivates the coolant.

* Displays a message indicating the number corresponding to the new tool tobe selected.

Once the tool change has been completed, press [ENTER]. The CNC will turnthe coolant back on, the spindle will recover its turning direction and speed andthe CNC will resume the execution of the part or cycle.

TOOL SELECTION


BASIC OPERATIONS 3

2.3 AXES JOG

2.3.1 CONTINUOUS JOG

With this option it is possible to jog the axes of the machine one at a time.

Once the axis feedrate has been preset and the feedrate override (0% through 120%)has been selected at the operator panel switch (FEED), press the JOG key correspondingto the desired axis and its jogging direction.

Depending on the value assigned to machine parameter P12, this movement will becarried out as follows:

* If P12=Y, the axis will move while the selected JOG key is kept pressed.

* If P12=N, the axes will start moving when the JOG key is pressed and it willstop when either the key or the JOG key for another axis is pressed. In this lattercase, the other axis will start moving.

If while an axis is being jogged, the key is pressed, the CNC will apply the %override indicated by the table below:

This % override will be maintained as long as this key is kept pressed and it willrecover the previous feedrate percentage (0% through 120%) when releasing thiskey.

2.3.2 INCREMENTAL JOG

With this option it is possible to jog the desired axis and in the desired direction adistance selected by the JOG positions of the FEED switch on the operator panel.The feedrate used in these incremental moves is set by the machine manufacturer.

The positions available at this switch are 1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000, which indicatethe number of units to be moved. These units are those used in the display format.

Example:

Switch position Incremental move

1 0.001 mm or 0.0001 inch10 0.010 mm or 0.0010 inch100 0.100 mm or 0.0100 inch1000 1.000 mm or 0.1000 inch10000 10.000 mm or 1.0000 inch

After selecting the desired switch position, every time the jog key is pressed, theaxis will move the indicated amount and in the chosen direction.

AXES JOG

% selected 0 2 4 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

% applied 0 102 104 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 200 200


4 BASIC OPERATIONS

2.3.3 AXES JOG VIA ELECTRONIC HANDWHEEL

With this option it is possible to jog the axes of the machine by means of an electronichandwheel.

To do this, first select any of the positions at the FEED switch of the OperatorPanel which correspond to the electronic handwheel.

The available positions are 1, 10 and 100 which indicate the multiplying factor to beapplied to the pulses coming from the electronic handwheel.

This way, and after applying this factor, the desired distance units are obtained foraxis jog. These units correspond to the display units being used.

Example: Handwheel resolution: 250 pulses per turn

Switch position Distance jogged per turn

1 0.250 mm or 0.0250 inch10 2.500 mm or 0.2500 inch100 25.000 mm or 2.5000 inches

Depending on the setting of machine parameter "P628(5)", the CNC behaves as followsat the rest of the positions of the Feedrate Override Switch of the operator panel.

P628(5)=0 The axes may be jogged with the handwheel as if the MFO switch wereat the "x1" position.

P628(5)=1 The axes may not be jogged with the handwheel.

When attempting to move an axis faster than the feedrate value set by machineparameters "P110, P210 and P310", the CNC will limit it to those values ignoringthe rest of the handwheel pulses thus preventing any following errors from beingissued..

The machine has one electronic handwheel.

Once the desired switch position has been selected, press one of the JOG keyscorresponding to the axis to be jogged. The selected axis will be highlighted onthe screen.

When using a FAGOR handwheel with axis selector button, the axis can be selectedas follows:

* Press the button located on the rear of the handwheel. The CNC will selectthe first axis and it will show it highlighted on the screen.

* If this button is pressed again, the CNC will select the next axis and so on ina rotary fashion (selecting the first one after the last one).

* If this button is maintained pressed for more than 2 seconds, the CNC willunselect the axis.

The machine will move the selected axis as the handwheel is being turned in onedirection or the other depending on the turning direction of the handwheel.

The machine has two or three handwheels.

The machine will move each one of the axes as the corresponding handwheel isturned according to the selected switch position and turning direction.

AXES JOG


BASIC OPERATIONS 5

2.4 BEGINNING (BEG) AND END POINT

With this CNC it is possible to set a beginning point (BEG) and an END point tofacilitate the machining tasks.

These points may be re-defined as often as desired and may be used to set the endsof the part, the boundaries (limits) of a particular machining area, etc.

2.4.1 BEGIN AND END POINT SETTING

Press the [DATA] key or the one corresponding to the point to be set, [BEG] or[END]. The CNC will highlight that value.

The X, Y and Z values of that point must be set one by one following these steps:

1. Press the key of the axis to be set [X], [Y] or [Z]. The CNC will highlight thisfield.

2. Assign the desired value to this field by following one of these two methods:

* By keying in the desired postion value for this field and pressing [ENTER]or...

* By moving the axes of the machine to the desired point by means of themechanical or electronic handwheels or by using the JOG keys on the operatorpanel and then pressing [ENTER].

This option is not available for the Z axis.

The CNC only modifies the position value (coordinate) of the selected axis leavingthe values of the other axes intact.

3. The CNC shows the next field as being selected.

To select another field, either press the key of the axis to be set [X], [Y] or [Z]or use the keys.

4. Repeat step 2 to set this new field.

5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 as many times as necessary.

6. To quit the selecting mode, press [CLEAR] or [DATA].

BEGIN and END


6 BASIC OPERATIONS

2.4.2 POSITIONING AT "BEGIN" OR "END" POINTS

To move the tool up to the Begin or End point, do the following:

* Press [BEG] to move to the beginning point or [END] to move to the end point.

* Press

The CNC moves the Z axis first and then the X and Y together to position the toolat the selected point. These movements are carried out at the programmed feedrate.

When only one axis is to be moved, follow these steps:

* Press [BEG] to move to the beginning point or [END] to move to the end point.

* Press the corresponding axis key [X], [Y] or [Z].

* Press

The CNC will automatically move the tool to the selected point along that axis andat the programmed feedrate. The other axes will not move.

Also, the next field will appear selected in case another movement is to be made.

To select another field, one may press the corresponding axis key [X], [Y] or [Z] oruse the keys.

BEGIN and END


BASIC OPERATIONS 7

2.5 SPINDLE CONTROL

2.5.1 SPINDLE SPEED SETTING

To set the spindle speed, press [S] and after keying in the desired value, press

It is possible to set a value between S0 and S9999 rev/min. However, the maximumturning speed is set by the manufacturer as indicated in the instruction book of themachine. The CNC will apply this manufacturer-set value whenever a higher speedis selected by the operator.

Once the new speed is selected, the CNC will act as follows:

* When the spindle is already turning, the CNC will output the analog voltagecorresponding to the new selected speed.

If the selected RPM correspond to another gear range, the CNC will generate arange change before outputting the new analog voltage.

* When the spindle is stopped, the CNC will store the selected value in order toprovide its corresponding analog voltage when starting the spindle.

If the new selected RPM correspond to another gear range, the CNC will generatea range change.

The set spindle speed may be varied between 50% and 120% in incremental steps of5% by means of the keys located on the operator panel.

2.5.2 SPINDLE SPEED RANGE CHANGE

With this CNC, the machine can have a gear box in order to adapt the speeds andtorques of the spindle motor to the various machining requirements.

When the new selected spindle speed "S" involves a gear change, the CNC will managethe electrical cabinet to carry out this change without the intervention of the operator.

SPINDLE CONTROL


8 BASIC OPERATIONS

2.5.3 CLOCKWISE SPINDLE ROTATION

To turn the spindle clockwise once the spindle speed has been selected, press

When the spindle is turning, a new speed may be selected or change the currentspeed by means of the following keys:

Every time this key is pressed, the CNC increases the spindle speed by 5%.The maximum being 120% of the programmed speed.

It must be borne in mind that the maximum speed is limited by the valueassigned to the range currently selected.

Every time this key is pressed, the CNC decreases the spindle speed by 5%.The minimum being 50% of the programmed speed.

2.5.4 COUNTER-CLOCKWISE SPINDLE ROTATION

To turn the spindle counter-clockwise once the spindle speed has been selected,press

When the spindle is turning, a new speed may be selected or change the currentspeed by means of the following keys:

Every time this key is pressed, the CNC increases the spindle speed by 5%.The maximum being 120% of the programmed speed.

It must be borne in mind that the maximum speed is limited by the valueassigned to the range currently selected.

Every time this key is pressed, the CNC decreases the spindle speed by 5%.The minimum being 50% of the programmed speed.

2.5.5 SPINDLE STOP

To stop the spindle rotation, press

The CNC stores the "S" speed which was selected before stopping and the spindleresumes this speed when pressing the or key.

SPINDLE CONTROL


BASIC OPERATIONS 9EXTERNAL DEVICES

2.6 ACTIVATING/DEACTIVATING EXTERNAL DEVICES

With this CNC it is possible to activate and deactivate 4 external devices includingthe coolant. The other devices depend on the type of machine.

These devices may be activated or deactivated at any time unless indicated otherwiseby the machine manufacturer.

To do this, the following keys are available:

Every time one of these keys is pressed, the status of the corresponding device willtoggle (activated/deactivated).

AUXILIARY FUNCTIONSPageChapter: 3 Section:

1

3. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS

To access this option, press the [AUX] once the CNC is in DRO mode.

Then, the CNC will display a list of options. To select one of then, press the key forits corresponding number.

The operator may access all the shown options except the one referred to as"AUXILIARY MODES". When selecting this option, the CNC requests a passwordor access code for entering the various tables and modes available to the manufacturer.

To quit any of these options and return to the standard display, press [END].

3.1 MILLIMETERS <—> INCHES

When selecting this option, the CNC changes the display units from mm to inchesand vice versa showing the new X, Y and Z coordinates of the axes in the new selectedunits.

The axis feedrate (F) will also be shown in the new selected units.

It must be borne in mind that the values stored for BEGIN and END and the data forspecial operations have no units. Therefore, the values will remain the same whentoggling from mm to inches or vice versa.

3.2 TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION

When choosing this option, the CNC activates or cancels tool length compensation.

When not working with tool length compensation, the CNC displays the positionvalue (coordinate) of the tool base.

When working with tool length compensation, the CNC displays either the tool tipposition or that of the tool base depending on the setting of machine parameter P626(1).

The right-hand side of the main window shows the symbol whenever toollength compensation is active.

AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS2Section:Chapter: 3Page

3.3 TOOL TABLE

When selecting this option, the CNC shows the values assigned to each offset; thatis, the dimensions of each tool being used to machine the parts.

Once the tool offset table is selected, the operator may move the cursor one line ata time by using the up and down arrow keys.

Each tool offset has several fields which define the dimensions of the tool. Thesefields are the following:

R Tool radius.

It is given in the currently active work units. Its maximum value being:

R 1,000.000 mm or R 39.3700 inches.

The CNC will take this "R" value into account when applying tool radiuscompensation.

L Tool length

It is given in the currently active work units. Its maximum value being:

L 1,000.000 mm or L 39.3700 inches.

The CNC will take this "L" value into account when applying tool lengthcompensation.

I Tool radius wear.

It is given in the currently active work units. Its maximum values being:

I ±32.766 mm or I ±1.2900 inches.

The CNC will add this value to the nominal "R" to calculate the real radius (R+I).

K Tool length wear.

It is given in the currently active work units. Its maximum values being:

K ±32.766 mm or K ±1.2900 inches.

The CNC will add this value to the nominal "L" to calculate the real length (L+K).

TOOL TABLE


3

3.3.1 MODIFICATION OF TOOL DIMENSIONS

To initialize a table by setting all the fields of each tool to "0", key in the followingsequence: [F] [S] [P] [ENTER].

This CNC offers the option for "TOOL CALIBRATION" which is described next.Once they have been calibrated, the CNC assigns to each tool offset the dimensionsof the corresponding tool.

To modify the table values of a tool, ("R", "L", "I" and "K" values), select thecorresponding offset at the CNC by keying the desired tool number and then pressing[RECALL].

The editing area will show the current values assigned to that tool offset.

To change these values, move the cursor by means of the up and down arrow keysuntil it is placed over the current value. The new values must be keyed in over thecurrent ones.

Once the new values have been keyed in, press [ENTER] so that they are stored inmemory.

To quit this mode, move the cursor to the right until it is out of the edited area andthen press [END].

TOOL TABLE


3.4 TOOL CALIBRATION

With this option, it is possible to calibrate and load the tool dimensions onto the tooloffset table of the CNC.

The CNC shows a graphic at a lower right-hand side of the monitor used as a userguide during tool calibration highlighting the data being requested at the time.

The procedure to calibrate a tool is as follows:

1.- The CNC requests the Z dimension of the part (contact point) being used tocalibrate the tool.

Key in that value and press [ENTER].

2.- The CNC requests the number of the tool (T) to be calibrated.

Key in the tool number and press [ENTER].

3.- Jog the axes by means of the mechanical or electronic handwheels or by usingthe JOG keys of the operator panel until the tool touches the part along the Zaxis.

Then press [ENTER]. The CNC will calibrate the tool in length and will updatethe corresponding tool offset.

The CNC will request a new tool to be calibrated. Repeat steps 2 and 3 as often asnecessary.

Press [END] to quit this mode and return to the standard display mode.

Atention:

While calibrating a tool, it is possible to use, at any time, the electronichandwheels, the JOG keys and the spindle of the operator panel.

TOOL CALIBRATION


5

3.5 EXECUTION / SIMULATION PROGRAM 99996

Program P99996 is a special user program in ISO code. It must be edited (written)on a PC and sent to the CNC via the Peripherals option.

When selecting the option: "Execution of program P99996", it is possible to eitherexecute it or simulate by pressing

3.5.1 EXECUTION OF PROGRAM P99996

When selecting the option: "Execution of program P99996", the CNC displays thefollowing information:

The top line shows the message "AUTOMATIC", the program number (P99996)and the number of the first block of the program or that of the block being in execution.

Then, the CRT shows the contents of the first program blocks. If the program isbeing executed, the first block of the list will be the one being executed at the time.

The position values along X, Y and Z indicate the programmed values (COMMAND),the current position (ACTUAL) and the distance remaining (TO GO) for the axes toreach the "command" position.

The bottom of the screen shows the machining conditions currently selected. Theprogrammed feedrate F, the % F override, the programmed spindle speed S, the %Soverride, the programmed Tool as well as the active G and M functions.

To execute program P99996, press . It always starts executing from the firstblock.

To interrupt the program, press . Once interrupted, the following keys areenabled:

To resume execution, press

EXECUTION / SIMULATIONP99996


3.5.1.1 TOOL INSPECTION

With this option it is possible to interrupt the execution of program P99996 andinspect the tool to check its status and change it if necessary.

To do this, follow these steps:

a) Press to interrupt the program.

b) Press [TOOL]

At this time, the CNC executes the miscellaneous function M05 to stop the spindleand it displays the following message on the screen:

JOG KEYS AVAILABLEOUT

c) Move the tool to the desired position by using the JOG keys.

Once the tool is "out of the way", the spindle may be started and stopped againby its corresponding keys at the Operator Panel.

d) Once the tool inspection or replacement is completed, press [END].

The CNC will execute an M03 or M04 function to start the spindle in the directionit was turning when the program was interrupted.

the screen will display the following message:

RETURNAXES OUT OF POSITION

"Axes out of position" means that they are not at the position where the programwas interrupted.

e) Jog the axes to the program interruption position by means the correspondingjog keys. The CNC will not allow to move them passed (overtravel) this position.

When the axes are in position, the screen will display:

RETURNAXES OUT OF POSITIONNONE

f) Press to resume the execution of program P99996.



7

3.5.1.2 EXECUTION MODES

With this CNC, it is possible to execute program P99996 from beginning to endwithout interruptions or block by block by pressing

The top line of the screen shows the selected operating mode: "Automatic" or "SingleBlock".

To switch modes, press again.

Once the desired execution mode has been selected, press to run theprogram.

3.5.1.3 CNC RESET

This option is used to reset the CNC setting it to the initial conditions established bythe machine parameters. When quitting this operating mode, the CNC displays theDRO mode.

To reset the CNC, interrupt the program if running and simply press

The CNC will request confirmation of this function by blinking the message:"RESET?".

To go ahead with reset, press again; but to cancel it, press

3.5.1.4 DISPLAYING PROGRAM BLOCKS

To display the previous or following blocks to those appearing on the screen, press:

Displays the previous blocks

Displays the following blocks

Atention:

Bear in mind that P99996 always starts executing from the first block ofthe program, regardless of the blocks currently displayed on the screen.



3.5.1.5 DISPLAY MODES

There are 4 display modes which can be selected by means of the following keys:

[0] STANDARD[1] ACTUAL POSITION[2] FOLLOWING ERROR[3] ARITHMETIC PARAMETER

STANDARD display mode

It is the mode described before. When accessing the "Execution of program P99996"option, the CNC selects this display mode.

ACTUAL POSITION display mode

FOLLOWING ERROR display mode



9

ARITHMETIC PARAMETERS display mode

This mode shows a group of 8 arithmetic parameters. To view the previous andfollowing ones, use these keys:

Displays the previous parameters

Displays the following ones

The value of each parameter may be expressed in one of the following formats:

P46 = -1724.9281 Decimal notationP47 = -.10842021 E-2 Scientific notation

Where "E-2" means 10-2 (1/100). Therefore, the two types of notation for thesame parameter below have the same value:

P47= -0.001234 P47= -0.1234 E-2P48= 1234.5678 P48= 1.2345678 E3



3.5.2 SIMULATION OF PROGRAM P99996

With this CNC, it is possible to check program P99996 in dry-run before executing it.

To do this, press . The CNC will show a graphic representation.

The lower left-hand side of the screen shows the plane being represented (XY, YZor YZ) or three-dimensional XYZ.

To have any other plane displayed, press its corresponding key:

[0] XY Plane[1] XZ Plane[2] YZ Plane[3] Three-dimensional XYZ

This CNC can show up the graphics on up to 3 planes. Therefore, it will only showthe selected ones. To select other planes, proceed as follows:

Press and the CNC will ask whether each one of the possible planes isto be selected or not.

To select the plane press [Y] and, if not, press [ENTER].

Once the planes have been defined, the display area must be set by indicatingthe XYZ coordinates of the center of the screen and the width of the displayarea. After keying in each value, press [ENTER].

To check the part, press . This will start the corresponding graphic simulation.

While simulating, it is possible to access any other plane (keys: 0, 1, 2 and 3) but it isnot possible to set them. To set other planes or modify the display area, it is necessaryto interrupt the simulation of the program by pressing .

Press [CLEAR] to clear the screen, and [END] to quit the simulation mode.



11

3.5.2.1 ZOOM FUNCTION

With the ZOOM function, it is possible to enlarge or reduce the whole graphicrepresentation or part of it. To do this, the simulation of the program must be eitherinterrupted or finished.

Once the drawing plane to be enlarged or reduced has been selected, press [Z]. Thescreen will show a rectangle over the original drawing. This rectangle is the zoomwindow which represents the new display area for the part to be enlarged or reduced.

To change the dimensions of the rectangle, use these keys:

Reduces the size of the rectangle (zoom in)

Increases the size of the rectangle (zoom out)

Use to move the zoom window around.

To set the area selected with the zoom window as the new display area, press [ENTER]

To see the selected area enlarged or reduced while keeping the previous display areavalues, press

The area contained in the zoom window will now fill out the whole screen.

To return to the previous display area (prior to the zoom), press [END].

To use the zoom again, just press [Z] and proceed as before.

To quit the ZOOM function and return to the graphic representation, press [END].



3.6 AUXILIARY MODES

When selecting this option, the CNC shows the following menu:

1 - SPECIAL MODES2 - PERIPHERALS3 - LOCK / UNLOCK

When selecting the "Special Modes" option, the CNC will request the password (accesscode) described in the installation manual.

After accessing one of these modes and operate with it, press [END] to quit. At thispoint, the CNC will show this menu again. Press [END] once more to return to thestandard display mode.

MODOS AUXILIARES


13PERIPHERALS

3.7 PERIPHERALS

With this CNC it is possible to communicate with the FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit,with a general peripheral device or with a computer in order to transfer programsfrom and to one another. This communication may be managed either from the CNCwhen in the "Peripheral mode" or from the computer by means of FAGOR's DNCprotocol in which case the CNC may be in any of its operating modes.

3.7.1 PERIPHERAL MODE

In this mode, the CNC may communicate with the FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit, witha general peripheral device or with a computer having a standard off-the-shelfcommunications program.

To access this mode, press [AUX] and select the "Peripherals" option of the"Auxiliary modes" menu.

The upper left-hand side of The CNC screen will show the following menu:

0 - RECEIVE FROM (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT1 - SEND TO (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT2 - RECEIVE FROM GENERAL DEVICE3 - SEND TO GENERAL DEVICE4 - (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT DIRECTORY5 - (Fagor) DELETE FLOPPY DISK UNIT PROGRAM6 - DNC ON/OFF

In order to use any of these options, the DNC mode must be inactive. If it is active(the upper right-hand side of the screen shows: DNC), press [6] (DNC ON/OFF) todeactivate it (the DNC letters disappear).

With options 0, 1, 2 and 3 it is possible to transfer machine parameters, the decodedM function table and the leadscrew error compensation table to a peripheral device.

The lower right-hand side of the CNC screen will show a directory of up to 7 part-programs of the CNC.

To do this, key in the desired number when the CNC requests the number of theprogram to be transferred and press [ENTER].

P00000 to P99990 Corresponding to part-programsP99994 and P99996 Special user programs in ISO codeP99997 For internal use and CANNOT be transmitted back and

forthP99998 Used to associate texts to PLCI messagesP99999 Machine parameters and tables

Atention:

The part-programs cannot be edited at the peripheral device or computer.

The CRT will show the message: "RECEIVING" or "SENDING" during the programtransfer and the message: "PROGRAM NUM. P23256 (for example) RECEIVED"or "SENT" when the transmission is completed.


PERIPHERALS

When the transmission is not correct, it will display the message: "Transmissionerror" and when the data received by the CNC is not recognized (different format)by the CNC, it will issue the message: "Incorrect data received".

The CNC memory must be unlocked in order to perform any data transmission; ifnot so, the CNC will return to the menu of the peripheral mode.

When transmitting from a peripheral device other than a FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit,the following aspects must be considered:

* The program must begin with a "NULL" character (ASCII 00) followed by "%""program number" (for example %23256) and a "LINE FEED" character (LF).

* Blank spaces, the carriage-return key and the "+" sign are ignored.

* The program must end with either 20 "NULL" characters (ASCII 00) or withone "ESCAPE" character or with one "EOT" character.

* Press [CL] to cancel the transmission. The CNC will issue the message: PROCESSABORTED".

FLOPPY DISK UNIT DIRECTORYThis option displays the programs stored on the disk inserted in the FAGORFloppy Disk Unit and the number of characters (size) of each one of them.

It also shows the number of free characters available (free memory space) onthe tape.

DELETE FLOPPY DISK UNIT PROGRAMWith this option it is possible to delete a program contained at the FAGOR FloppyDisk Unit.

The CNC requests the number of the program to be deleted. After keying in thedesired number, press [ENTER].

Once the program has been deleted, the CNC will display the message:"PROGRAM NUM: P____ DELETED".

It also shows the number of free characters on the disk (free memory space).

3.7.2 DNC COMMUNICATIONS

To be able to use this feature, the DNC communication must be active (the upperright-hand side of the screen shows: DNC). To do this the correspondingparameters [P605(5,6,7,8); P606(8)] must be set accordingly and option [6] ofthe "Peripherals" mode selected if it was not active.

Once active and by using the FAGORDNC application software supplied, uponrequest, in floppy disks it is possible to perform the following operations fromthe computer:

. Obtain the CNC's part-program directory.

. Transfer part-programs and tables from and to the CNC.

. Delete part-programs at the CNC.

. Certain remote control of the machine.

Atention:

Any operating mode may be selected at the CNC.


15LOCK/UNLOCK

3.8 LOCK/UNLOCK

With this option it is possible to lock/unlock the part-program memory.

To access this mode, press [AUX] and after selecting "Auxiliary Modes", press thekey corresponding to the "LOCK/UNLOCK" option.

The codes used to do this are:

[BEG] 0000 [ENTER] Unlocks part-program memory.

[BEG] 1111 [ENTER] Locks part-program memory.

[P] F000 [ENTER] Erases the contents of all arithmetic parameters (dataof the automatic operations) and sets them to "0".


EDITING P99996

3.9 EDITING PROGRAM 99996

Program 99996 is a special ISO-coded user program. It can be edited either in thisoperating mode or at a PC and then sent out to this CNC.

To select this option, press [AUX] and after selecting "Auxiliary Modes", press thekey corresponding to "EXECUTION OF PROGRAM P99996".

The CNC displays the editing page for this program.

If the program is currently being edited, the CNC shows a group of program blocks(lines).

Use the to display the display the previous and following lines.

To edit a new line, follow this procedure:

1.- If the program line number appearing at the bottom of the screen is not the desiredone, clear it by pressing [CL] and key in the desired line number.

2.- Key in all the pertinent data for that line and press [ENTER].

The programming format to be used is described in the programming manual.The keys on the front panel may be used: [X], [Y], [Z], [S], [F], [N] as well as:[TOOL] for T, for P, for R and for A.

However, since some function keys are missing (G, M, I, K, etc.), an assistededitor is also available.

To access it, press [AUX]. After analyzing the syntax of what has been edited sofar, the CNC will display, one by one, all the functions which can be edited atthe time.

Press [CL] to delete characters.

To modify a previously edited line, proceed as follows:


2.- Press [RECALL]. The bottom of the screen of the CNC, editing area, will showthe contents of that line.

3.- Use one of these methods to modify the contents:

a) Use the [CL] key to delete characters and edit it as described above.

b) Use the keys to position the cursor over the section to be modifiedand use the [CL] key to delete characters or [INC/ABS] to insert data.


17

While in the data inserting mode, the characters behind the cursor appearblinking. It is not possible to use assisted programming (the [AUX] key).

Key in all the desired data and press [INC/ABS]. If the syntax of the newline is correct, the CNC will display it without blinking and, if not, it willshow it blinking until it is edited correctly.

4.- Once the line has been modified, press [ENTER]. The CNC will assume itreplacing the previous one.

To delete a program line, proceed as follows:


2.- Press [DATA] and the CNC will delete it from memory.

EDITING P99996


AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS 1

4. AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS

This CNC has a series of keys to access each one of its automatic operations.

The basic operations selected by pressing their corresponding key are:

To select "Point to Point positioning"

To select "Positioning in a straight line"

"Positioning in an Arc" (bolt-hole pattern)

"Positioning in a Rectangular Pattern"

"Positioning in a grid pattern"

"Linear Milling"

"Circular Milling"

"Profiling"

"Inside Pocket"

"Outside Pocket" (Boss"

"Corner Roughing"

"Surface Milling"

Whenever one of these operations is selected, the CNC shows:

* At the main window, a graphic representation of the selected automatic operation.

* At the bottom of the screen, the data corresponding to the selected automaticoperation.

AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS2


GENERAL CONCEPTS

4.1 GENERAL CONCEPTS

Once the desired operation has been selected, press [DATA] to access the data entrymode.

The CNC will highlight the first data on the graphic as well as in the data editing area.

To assign the desired value to that data, key it in and press [ENTER]. The CNCassumes the new value and highlights the next data.

To select any other data use the keys.

Once all the data has been defined, press [DATA] to quit the data entry mode.

A machining operation may be associated to the automatic positioning operations.The machining operation will take place at each positioning point.

To find out how to define and associate a machining operation, refer to the chapteron "Machining Operations".

Then, it is possible to:

* Check the operation by pressing [SIMUL].* Execute the operation by pressing* Store the operation into memory as a section of a part-program.

To quit the automatic operation, press [END]. The CNC all store all the set data andit will show them again when selecting this operation.

4.1.1 CONTROL OVER THE Z AXIS

The "Z SAF" data (safety coordinate along Z) must be set in all automaticoperations.

Before machining as corresponds to the automatic operation, the CNC will first movethe tool to the set safety position "Z SAF".

When the Z axis is a DRO axis (not controlled by the CNC) and it is below the "ZSAF" coordinate, the CNC will instruct the operator, by issuing a message, that theZ axis must be moved to this safety point. Then, the key must be pressed toresume execution.

If the operation involves several machining tasks, the CNC will position the tool atthe "Z SAF" point before going on to the next one.



4.1.2 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS "M" EXECUTED BEFOREAND AFTER THE CYCLE

It is possible to associate two "M" functions to each cycle. One of them will beexecuted before the cycle and the other one afterwards.

The help screens show, to the right of the cycle defining data, the "M" functionsselected for each cycle.

The top "M" indicates the one executed before the cycle and the bottom "M" the oneexecuted after the cycle.

If any of them shows "M--", it means that no "M" function has been associated

To select the "M" function to be executed before the cycle, proceed as follows:

- Press the keystroke sequence: [F] [BEGIN]- Key in the desired "M" function number.- Press [ENTER]

To select the "M" function to be executed after the cycle, proceed as follows:

- Press the keystroke sequence: [F] [END]- Key in the desired "M" function number.- Press [ENTER]

To delete any of the selected "M" functions, do the following:

- Press the keystroke sequence: : [F] [BEGIN] or [F] [END]- Press [ENTER]The CNC will show: "M--"

Atention:

When storing an automatic operation, the CNC stores the selected "M"functions together with the data and parameters defining the automaticoperation.

This way, every time a previously stored part is executed, the CNCexecutes each operation with the machining conditions previously setfor it.

On power-up or after RESET, the CNC initializes all the cycles (not theones stored) setting the associated "M" functions to "M--" (no associated"M" function).

GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.1.3 MACHINING CONDITIONS

The CNC displays the following information:

F Currently selected axis Feedrate.

% Currently applied % of feedrate "F" override.

S Spindle speed to perform the machining operation.

When setting the spindle speed one may proceed as follows:

* Press [S], key in the desired value and press [ENTER].

The CNC assumes that this value is to be used when later executing theautomatic operation now being edited. Therefore, it does not change theactual spindle speed.

* Press [S], key in the desired value and press

The CNC changes the actual spindle speed to the new one just set.

It also assumes the new value as the spindle speed to be used when laterexecuting the automatic operation now being edited.

% Currently applied percentage of spindle speed override.

The spindle turning direction for machining.

To change the turning direction press [3]. The CNC will show the new turningdirection but it will not change the actual turning direction of the spindle.

T The tool to be used for machining.

To select the machining tool press [T] and, after keying in the desired toolnumber, press [ENTER].

The CNC assumes this new tool number as the one to be used with the automaticoperation now being edited. Therefore, it maintains the actual tool numbershown in the main window.

Atention:

When storing an automatic operation into memory, the CNC stores allthese machining conditions, except the override %, together with the dataand parameters defining the automatic operation.

This way, every time a previously programmed part is executed, the CNCwill execute each one of the automatic operations with the machiningconditions set for it.

GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.1.4 SIMULATION

With this CNC, it is possible to check an automatic operation in dry-run beforeexecuting it.

To do this, press . The CNC will show a graphic representation.

The lower left-hand side of the screen shows the plane being represented (XY, YZor YZ) or three-dimensional XYZ.

To have any other plane displayed, press its corresponding key:







While simulating, it is possible to access any other plane (keys: 0, 1, 2 and 3) but itis not possible to set them. To set other planes or modify the display area, it is necessaryto interrupt the simulation of the program by pressing .


GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.1.4.1 ZOOM FUNCTION













GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.1.5 EXECUTION

With this CNC, it is possible to run an automatic operation from beginning to endor execute it step by step (single block) by using the key.

Whenever the "single block" mode is selected, the right-hand side of the screen showsthe symbol

To unselect this mode and return to the continuous execution mode, pressagain.

Once the desired execution mode has been selected, press

The CNC assumes the F, S, T machining values as well as the spindle turning directionchosen and it executes the automatic operation in the following steps:

1.- If the operation has been programmed with a new tool, the CNC will request itto be selected.

Once the tool has been changed, press to resume the execution of theoperation.

2.- The CNC will start the spindle at the selected S and rotating direction.

3.- The tool will position at the pre-established safety point "Z SAF".

4.- The CNC will perform the automatic milling operation.

5.- The tool will withdraw up to the safety position "Z SAF".

6.- The CNC will stop the spindle.

It is possible to inspect and change the tool, if necessary, during the execution of anautomatic operation.

GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.1.5.1 TOOL INSPECTION

With this option it is possible to interrupt the execution of the automatic operationand inspect the tool to check its status and change it if necessary.



b) Press [TOOL]













f) Press to resume the execution of the automatic operation

GENERAL CONCEPTS



4.2 POSITIONING

The various automatic positioning patterns offered on this CNC make it easy to definethe points where specific machining operations will be performed.

The available positioning choices are:

* Point-to-point positioning. To be used when the points are located at random (withno specific pattern) on the surface of the part.

* Positioning in a straight line.

* Positioning in an arc (bolt-hole pattern).

* Positioning in a rectangular pattern.

* Positioning in a grid pattern.

All positioning movements are carried out in rapid.

When the Z axis is controlled by the CNC (not a DRO axis), it will be possible toassociate an automatic machining operation to the positioning patterns as describedlater on in the chapter on "Machining Operations". These machining operations are:

DrillingTappingReaming - BoringCenter punching

This way, it will be possible to tap holes that follow a straight line, drill holes thatfollowing an arc (or bolt-hole pattern), etc.

If the positioning has no machining operation associated with it, the CNC will askthe operator to act on the Z axis after each positioning move.

Next, each one of the possible positioning choices is described as well as the datarequired to define them.

POSITIONING



4.2.1 POINT-TO-POINT POSITIONING

This option is selected by means of the key

Up to 8 points may be defined by assigning their X and Y coordinate values. Thesecoordinate values may be entered by:

* jogging the axes to the desired point using the mechanical or electronic handwheelsor the JOG keys of the operator panel and then pressing [ENTER].

* or by keying them in at the keyboard and pressing [ENTER].

When using less than 8 points, the coordinate values for the first unused point mustbe the same as those of the last used point.

Example:

X1 10.278 Y1 12.876 1st pointX2 18.345 Y2 23.456 2nd pointX3 27.789 Y3 90.122 Last pointX4 27.789 Y4 90.122X5 00.000 Y5 00.000X6 00.000 Y6 00.000X7 00.000 Y7 00.000X8 00.000 Y8 00.000

Z SAF 10.000 Safety point along the Z axis

POINT TO POINTPOSITIONING



4.2.2 POSITIONING IN A STRAIGHT LINE


The first point "X1 Y1" must always be defined. This can be done by:



The path must be defined by either one of the following methods:

1.- Set the length "L" and angle "A" of the path.

In this case, one must set either the number of points (N) or the step betweenconsecutive points (I).

2.- Set the last point, "Xn Yn", by positioning the machine at that point and pressing[ENTER] or by keying it at the keyboard and pressing [ENTER].

In this case, one must set "L0" and the number of points or the steps betweenconsecutive points (I).

3.- Set the "N", "I" and "A" values (number of points, steps between points andpath angle respectively).

In this case one must define: "L0", "Xn=X1" and "Yn=Y1"

Programming example:

The following formats may be used:

X1=0 Y1=0 L=60 A=30 N=4X1=0 Y1=0 L=60 A=30 I=20

X1=0 Y1=0 Xn=51.961 Yn=30 L=0 N=4X1=0 Y1=0 Xn=51.961 Yn=30 L=0 I=20

X1=0 Y1=0 Xn=0 Yn=0 L=0 N=4 I=20 A=30

STRAIGHT LINEPOSITIONING



4.2.3 POSITIONING IN AN ARC (BOLT-HOLE)


The center of the arc, "Xc Yc", must always be defined. This can be done by:



To set the first point either one of the following methods must be used:

1.- Define the radius "R" and the angle "A" of the first point.

The angle "A" of the first point is referred to the X axis and it is given in degrees(signed or unsigned). Negative value when clockwise and positive when counter-clockwise.

2.- Set the first point, "X1 Y1", by either positioning the machine at that point or bykeying its coordinates in, and then pressing [ENTER].

In this case one must set: "R0".

The number of points (N) and the angular step between consecutive points (B) mustalways be defined.

The angular step "B" is given in degrees signed or unsigned and it indicates thestepping direction. Clockwise for negative B and counter-clockwise for positive B.

To make a complete circle, program B0. The positioning movements will be madecounter-clockwise.

BOLT-HOLEPOSITIONING



4.2.4 RECTANGULAR PATTERN POSITIONING





The following data must also be set:

"A" Angle of the abscissa path with respect to the X axis.

"B" Angle of the ordinate path with respect to the abscissa path.

To make both paths parallel to the X and Y axes, set: A=0 and B=90.

To describe the paths long the X and Y axes, the following options may be used:

1.- Define the length of the path, "LX" "LY", and the number of points on it, "NX""NY".

2.- Define the length of the path, "LX" "LY" and the step between consecutive points"IX" "IY".

3.- Define the step between points "IX" "IY" and the number of points of the path"NX" "NY".

RECTANGULARPOSITIONING



4.2.5 GRID PATTERN POSITIONING





The following data must also be set:

"A" Angle of the abscissa path with respect to the X axis.

"B" Angle of the ordinate path with respect to the abscissa path.

To make both paths parallel to the X and Y axes, set: A=0 and B=90.

To describe the paths long the X and Y axes, the following options may be used:

1.- Define the length of the path, "LX" "LY", and the number of points on it, "NX""NY".

2.- Define the length of the path, "LX" "LY" and the step between consecutive points"IX" "IY".

3.- Define the step between points "IX" "IY" and the number of points of the path"NX" "NY".

GRID PATTERNPOSITIONING



4.3 MILLING

The available milling operations are:

* Linear milling

* Circular Milling

* Profiling

Prior to milling, the Z axis will move to the "Z SAF" position. If the Z axis is a DROaxis (not controlled by the CNC), the corresponding message will be issued.

Then, the tool will position at the programmed milling depth "Z". The CNC permitssetting the feedrate override % for this movement.

The part is milled at the selected feedrate F.

When the milling operation is done, the Z axis moves to the "Z SAF" position. If theZ axis is a DRO axis (not controlled by the CNC), the corresponding message willbe issued.

Next, the various available milling operations will be described.

MILLING



4.3.1 LINEAR MILLING





The path must be defined by one of the following methods

1.- Set the length "L" and angle "A" of the path.

2.- Set the last point, "X2 Y2", (either by moving the machine or entering thecoordinates at the keyboard). In this case, one must set: "L0"

The milling operation may be performed either with or without tool radiuscompensation. To do this, press [T] and select one of the options below using the

keys

-a- Without tool radius compensation.

-b- With left-hand tool radius compensation. The part stays to the right of the tool.

-c- With right-hand tool radius compensation. The part stays to the left of the tool.

To set the milling depth, indicate the "Z" value (by moving the machine or by enteringthe value at the keyboard) and the Feedrate override % to be applied.

LINEAR MILLING



4.3.2 CIRCULAR MILLING


The first point "X1 Y1" and last point "X2 Y2" must always be defined. This can bedone by:



The path must be defined by indicating the radius "R" and the moving direction "P".After pressing [P], press the corresponding key [1], [2], [3] or [4].


keys




To set the milling depth, indicate the "Z" value (by moving the machine or by enteringthe value at the keyboard) and the Feedrate override % to be applied.

CIRCULAR MILLING



4.3.3 PROFILING


The following data must be set:

* Starting point "BEG"* First point on the profile "X1Y1"* Up to 7 sections, straight and/or curved, forming the profile.* Exit or "END" point

Starting point "BEG"

The beginning point "BEG" and the milling depth "Z" must always be defined.

* The beginning point may belong to the profile or be outside of it.

* To define the milling depth, indicate the "Z" value (by moving the machineor entering it at the keyboard) and the Feedrate override % to be applied.

Tool radius compensation


keys




PROFILING



Up to 7 sections, straight and/or curved, that form the profile.

Up to 7 sections may be defined on a profile. To define the type of profile section,press the following keys:

Straight section. The section assumes the indicator:

Curved section. The section assumes the indicator:

The undefined sections have the indicator:

When the CNC runs into an indicator, it assumes that there are no moresections. Therefore, it takes the previous section as the last one of the profile.

To cancel or delete an already defined section, press . The section willnow assume the indicator

Straight section

On a straight section, indicator, the XY end point of the section must bedefined.

The union between this section and the next one must also be defined.

Set "r" to blend them with a radius and, to chamfer the joint, set the "C" distancefrom it (XY point).

Curve d section

On a curved section, indicator, the XY end point, the radius "R" and themoving direction "P" must be defined.

To set the moving direction, press [P] followed by the corresponding key: [1],[2], [3] or [4].

When the section being defined is tangent to the previous one, R must be "0"(R=0).

PROFILING



The transition from this section to the next one must also be defined setting the"r" value when blending them with a radius.

Exit or "END" point

Once the defined sections have been executed, the tool will position at the exitpoint "END".

This "END" point must always be defined. To do this, either move the axes tothis point and press [ENTER] or key in its coordinate values and press [ENTER].

In order to obtain a good finish, the exit may be tangential. To use this, defineits radius "r" on the last section of the profile.

PROFILING



Programming examples:


ZSAF=2BEG X=70 Y=20

Z=-10 %F(Z)=50

First point of profile "X1Y1"

X1 =80 Y1 =20r =3

Profile

X2 =80 Y2 =0 X3 =50 Y3 =0r =5 r =5C =0 C =0

X4 =20 Y4 =0 X5 =0 Y5 =20R =15 P =4 R =20 P =3r =5 r =5

X6 =0 Y6 =45 X7 =80 Y7 =45r =10 r =0C =0 C =10

X8 =80 Y8 =20r =3

Exit point "END"

END X=70 Y=20

PROFILING




ZSAF=2BEG X=0 Y=-10

Z=-10 %F(Z)=50

First point of profile "X1Y1"

X1 =0 Y1 =0r =3

Profile

X2 =67.57 Y2 =18.27 X3 =69.73 Y3 =-1.37r =0 R =0 P=1C =0 r =0

X4 =23 Y4 =-28.45 X5 =0 Y5 =0R =0 P =3 R =0 P =1r =0 r =3

X6 = Y6 =r =C =

Exit point "END"

END X=0 Y=-10

PROFILING



4.4 POCKETS

There are two keys to select the type of pocket.

The key for an inside pocket.

The key for an outside pocket or boss.

Since this CNC offers 2 inside pockets and 2 outside pockets, use the key toselect the desired one.

The available pockets are:

1.- Rectangular inside pocket.

2.- Rectangular outside pocket (rectangular boss).

3.- Circular inside pocket.

4.- Circular outside pocket (circular boss).

Before making the pocket, the Z axis will move to the safety position "Z SAF". Ifthe Z axis is a DRO axis (not controlled by the CNC) and it is located before thissafety position, the corresponding message will be issued.

Next, each one of the possible pockets are described as well as the data required todefine them.

POCKETS



4.4.1 RECTANGULAR INSIDE POCKET


"X1 Y1"Indicates the corner of the pocket. It can be defined by:

* jogging the axes to the desired point with the mechanical or electronichandwheels or with the JOG keys of the operator panel and then pressing[ENTER].

* keying its coordinates in at the keyboard and then pressing [ENTER].

"L" Defines the length of the pocket. The sign indicates the machining direction.

"H" Defines the width of the pocket.

"r", "C" Define the corners of the pocket.

For a pocket with rounded corners set "C0" and assign the rounding radiusvalue to "r".

RECTANGULARINSIDE POCKET



For a pocket with chamfered corners, set "r0" and assign to "C" the chamferdistance from the theoretical corner.

When making a regular pocket without rounded or chamfered corners,program "r0" and "C0".

"G" Defines the sweeping step in the XY plane. The whole pocket is milled inidentical steps which will be equal or smaller than the one programmed.

When programming a value of "0", the CNC will assume a value equal to0.75 times the tool diameter.

"E" Defines the finishing pass.

If set to "0", no finishing pass will be run.

"%F" Indicates the percentage of feedrate used for the finishing pass.

If set to 0, the feedrate for the finishing pass will be the same as the oneused for the roughing passes.

"A" Angle of the pocket with respect to the X axis.

"Z" Defines the top Z coordinate of the pocket.

"P" Defines the depth of the pocket.

"I" Defines the milling pass. The CNC runs identical passes for the whole pocketwhich will be equal or smaller than the one programmed.

"%F (Z)" Indicates the percentage of feedrate used for the Z axis (penetration).

When set to "0", the Z axis is fed at the programmed feedrate.




Basic operation:

1.- The tool moves to the safety position "Z SAF".

2.- It moves to the center of the pocket.

3.- First penetration move at %F(Z) of the currently selected feedrate "F".

4.- Milling of the surface of the pocket at the currently selected feedrate "F".

The finishing pass will be run at %F of the currently selected feedrate "F".

In order to obtain a good finish on the sides of the pocket, the CNC appliestangential entry and exit on the last pass.

5.- The tool positions at the center of the pocket withdrawing to 1mm off the machinedsurface.

6.- New milling surfaces until the total depth of the pocket is reached followingsteps 3, 4 and 5.

7.- Withdrawal to the safety position "Z SAF".




4.4.2 CIRCULAR INSIDE POCKET


"Xc Yc" Indicates the center of the pocket. It can be defined by:



"R" Defines the radius of the pocket. The sign indicates the machining direction.





CIRCULARINSIDE POCKET










Basic operation:


2.- It moves to the center of the pocket.


4.- Milling of the surface of the pocket at the currently selected feedrate "F".



5.- The tool positions at the center of the pocket withdrawing to 1mm off the machinedsurface.

6.- New milling surfaces until the total depth of the pocket is reached followingsteps 3, 4 and 5.


CIRCULARINSIDE POCKET



4.4.3 RECTANGULAR OUTSIDE POCKET


"X1 Y1"Indicates the corner of the pocket. It can be defined by:



"L" Defines the length of the pocket. The sign indicates the machining direction.

"H" Defines the width of the pocket.

"r", "C" Define the corners of the pocket.

For a pocket with rounded corners set "C0" and assign the rounding radiusvalue to "r".

RECTANGULAROUTSIDE POCKET



For a pocket with chamfered corners, set "r0" and assign to "C" the chamferdistance from the theoretical corner.

When making a regular pocket without rounded or chamfered corners,program "r0" and "C0".



"Q" Defines the excess material to be removed along X and Y.





"A" Angle of the pocket with respect to the X axis.









Basic operation:



3.- Milling of the outside surface of the pocket at the currently selected feedrate"F".



4.- The tool positions at the starting point of the pocket withdrawing to 1mm off themachined surface.

5.- New outside milling surfaces until the total depth of the pocket is reached followingsteps 2, 3 and 4.





4.4.4 CIRCULAR OUTSIDE POCKET


"Xc Yc" Indicates the center of the pocket. It can be defined by:



"R" Defines the radius of the pocket. The sign indicates the machining direction.



"Q" Defines the excess material to be removed along the X and Y axes.

CIRCULAROUTSIDE POCKET












Basic operation:



3.- Milling of the outside surface of the pocket at the currently selected feedrate"F".



4.- The tool positions at the starting point of the pocket withdrawing to 1mm off themachined surface.

5.- New outside milling surfaces until the total depth of the pocket is reached followingsteps 2, 3 and 4.


CIRCULAROUTSIDE POCKET



4.5 CORNER ROUGHING

With this CNC it is possible to rough square, round or chamfered corners as shownin the illustration below:

This option is selected by means of the key.


Machining direction

To change the machining direction, press [T] and then or

"X1 Y1"Indicates the inside coordinates of the corner referred to Part Zero. It canbe defined by:



CORNER ROUGHING



"L", "H" Defines the length of the pocket along the X and Y axis respectively.

Depending on the corner to be machined, the sign will be positive or negativeas shown below.

"r", "C" Define the type of corner to be machined

For a rounded corner set "C0" and assign the rounding radius value to "r".For a chamfered corner, set "r0" and assign to "C" the chamfer distancefrom the theoretical corner.

When making a regular sharp corner, program "r0" and "C0".

The "r" and "C" values must be smaller than those of "L" and "H".

"G" Defines the sweeping step in the XY plane. The whole corner is milled outin identical steps which will be equal or smaller than the one programmed.






"A" Angle of the corner with respect to the X axis.


CORNER ROUGHING




"I" Defines the milling pass. The CNC runs identical passes for the whole cornerwhich will be equal or smaller than the one programmed.



Basic operation:


2.- It moves to the outside of the corner


4.- Milling of the corner at the currently selected feedrate "F".


5.- New milling surfaces until the total depth is reached.


CORNER ROUGHING



4.6 SURFACE MILLING


Since this CNC offers 4 different types of surface milling, the key must beused to select the desired one.

The available types of surface milling are:

Bidirectional along X

Unidirectional along X

Bidirectional along Y

SURFACE MILLING



Unidirectional along Y

Once the desired surface milling type has been chosen, all the data must be defined.

"X1 Y1"Indicates the corner of the surface to be milled. It can be defined by:



"L", "H" Define the length and width of the surface to be milled.

When using unidirectional milling, the sign of these parameters indicatesthe machining direction.

SURFACE MILLING



"G" Defines the step between two consecutive passes. The whole surface ismilled with the same step which is the same or smaller than the oneprogrammed.

If programmed with a 0 value, the CNC will assume a value 0.75 times thetool diameter.

"E" Defines the amount the tool runs off each side of the part in order to achievea good finish on its corners.

"Z SAF" Defines the safety coordinate along Z.

"Z" Defines the height of the plane to be milled.

"P" Defines the milling depth.

"I" Defines the milling pass. The CNC assumes the same pass for the wholesurface which will be equal or smaller than the one programmed.

Basic operation:

1.- The tool positions at the safety point "Z SAF".

2.- Moves to a point located at an "E" distance from the corner, X1 Y1.

3.- First penetration and milling of the surface at the selected feedrate "F".

In order to obtain a good finish at the corners, the tool overshoots an "E" distanceoff each side.

4.- The tool moves to the point located at an "E" distance of the corner, X1 Y1,retracting 1mm from the machined surface.

5.- New milling surfaces until the programmed depth is reached following steps 3and 4.


SURFACE MILLING

MACHINING OPERATIONS 1


5. MACHINING OPERATIONS

This CNC offers the following machining operations:

* Center punching* Drilling* Tapping* Boring / Reaming

Each one of these operations may be executed when operating in "DRO Mode" or may beassociated to any automatic positioning operations.

When operating in "DRO Mode", the axes must be moved to the point where themachining will take place and proceed as follows:

* Press to access the machining operations.

* Press or as many times as necessary to select the desired machiningoperation.

* Properly define all the data corresponding to the selected operation.

* Press to start machining.

Proceed as follows in order to associate a machining operation to a positioning operation:

* Select and define the automatic positioning operation (point-to-point, in a straight line,in arc, in a rectangular pattern or in a grid pattern).

* Press to access the machining operations.

* Press or as many times as necessary to select the desired machiningoperation.

* Properly define all the data corresponding to the selected operation.

* The CNC associates the machining operation to the automatic positioning in such away that it is possible to define "Positioning in a straight line + Drilling", "Positioningin an arc + Reaming", etc.

The machining conditions must be set in the automatic operation.

MACHINING OPERATIONS2


Every time a machining operation is selected, the CNC shows:

* A graphic representation of the selected automatic operation in the main display area.

* The data pertinent to the selected operation at the bottom of the screen..

5.1 GENERAL CONCEPTS

Once the machining operation has been selected, press one of the following keys:

To quit the machining operation and return to the automatic positioningoperation. No machining is associated to the positioning.

For the machining data to be assumed by the CNC and it returns to the automaticpositioning operation. The machining operation is associated to the positioningoperation.

To access the data entry mode.

The CNC highlights the first data on the graphic representation and in the dataediting area.

Key in the desired value for that data and press [ENTER]. The CNC assumesthe new value and highlights the next data.

To select any other data, use the keys.

Once all the data has been set, press [DATA] to quit the data entry mode.

The CNC takes the machining data and returns to the automatic positioningoperation. The machining operation is associated to the positioning operation.

GENERAL CONCEPTS



5.1.1 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS "M" EXECUTED BEFOREAND AFTER THE OPERATION

It is possible to associate two "M" functions to each operation. One of them will beexecuted before the operation and the other one afterwards.

The help screens show, to the right of the operation defining data, the "M" functionsselected for each operation.

The top "M" indicates the one executed before the operation and the bottom "M" theone executed after the operation.

If any of them shows "M--", it means that no "M" function has been associated

To select the "M" function to be executed before the operation, proceed as follows:

- Press the keystroke sequence: [F] [BEGIN]- Key in the desired "M" function number.- Press [ENTER]

To select the "M" function to be executed after the operation, proceed as follows:

- Press the keystroke sequence: [F] [END]- Key in the desired "M" function number.- Press [ENTER]

To delete any of the selected "M" functions, do the following:

- Press the keystroke sequence: : [F] [BEGIN] or [F] [END]- Press [ENTER]The CNC will show: "M--"

Atention:

When storing an automatic operation, the CNC stores the selected "M"functions together with the data and parameters defining the automaticoperation.

This way, every time a previously stored part is executed, the CNCexecutes each operation with the machining conditions previously setfor it.

On power-up or after RESET, the CNC initializes all the operations (notthe ones stored) setting the associated "M" functions to "M--" (noassociated "M" function).

M FUNCTIONS BEFORE ANDAFTER OPERATION



5.2 CENTER PUNCHING

To define the amount of penetration of the center punch into the part, one of the followingmethods must be used:

* Set the punching depth (P)

* Set the angle "A" of the punch and the diameter of the point to make.

The following data must also be set in either case:

"Z" Position (coordinate) where the machining will take place.

"K" Dwell, in seconds, between punching and withdrawing the tool.

Basic operation:

1.- Punching at selected feedrate "F" and data.

2.- Dwell if "K" has been programmed.

3.- Withdrawal in rapid up to the safety position "Z SAF".

CENTER PUNCHING



5.2.1 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE

Definition of "Positioning in a straight line"

X1 = 20 Y1 = 10L = 50 A = 25N = 6Z SAF = 1

Definition of "Center Punching":

Z = 0P = 1.5K = 0

CENTER PUNCHING



5.3 DRILLING


"Z" Position (coordinate) where the machining will take place"P" Drilling depth.

"I" Drilling step

"K" Dwell, in seconds, between drilling and withdrawing the tool.

Basic operation:

1.- First drilling move down to "Z-I" at feedrate "F".

2.- Withdrawal in rapid up to Z.

3.- Rapid approach up to 1mm from the previous peck.

4.- New drilling move (peck), "I" distance and at feedrate "F".

5.- Repeat steps 2, 3, 4, until the programmed total depth is reached.


7.- Rapid withdrawal to safety position "Z SAF".

DRILLING




Definition of "Positioning in a straight line":

X1 = 20 Y1 = 10L = 50 A = 25N = 6Z SAF = 1

Definition of "Drilling":

Z = 0P = 12I = 5K = 1

DRILLING



5.4 TAPPING



"P" Depth of the tap.

"K" Dwell, in seconds between tap-in and tap-out

Basic operation

1.- Tap in all the way to the bottom at 100 % of the selected feedrate "F" (it cannot beoverridden).

2.- If "K" has not be programmed, the spindle changes its rotating direction.

If "K" has been programmed, it behaves as follows:

* It stops the spindle.* It waits for a "K" time period (dwell).* Reverses the spindle rotating direction.

3.- Withdrawal up to the safety position "Z SAF" at the programmed "F".

4.- If "K" has not been programmed, reverses the spindle rotation again, thus recoveringits initial rotating direction.

If "K" has been programmed, it behaves as follows:

* It stops the spindle.* It waits for a "K" time period (dwell).* Reverses the spindle rotation, thus recovering its initial rotating direction.

TAPPING




Definition of "Positioning in a straight line"

X1 = 20 Y1 = 10L = 50 A = 25N = 6Z SAF = 1

Definition of "Tapping"

Z = 0P = 12K = 1

TAPPING



5.5 BORING / REAMING



"P" Boring depth.

"K" Dwell, in seconds, between punching and withdrawing the tool.

Basic operation:

1.- Punching at selected feedrate "F" and data.


3.- Withdrawal to the safety position "Z SAF" at the programmed "F".

BORINGREAMING


PageChapter: 5 Section:BORING

REAMING

5.5.1 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES

Boring example

"Bolt-hole positioning" (in an arc):

Xc = 70 Yc = 20R = 40 A = -15N = 8 B = 30Z SAF = 1

Definition of "Boring":

Z = 0P = 12K = 1

Reaming example

"Grid pattern positioning ":

X1 = 20 Y1 = 10A = 0 B = 90LX = 90 NX = 4LY = 40 NY = 3Z SAF = 1

Definition of "Reaming":

Z = 0P = 12K = 1


WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS 1ACCESS TO THEPART-PROGRAM TABLE

6. WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS

The 800M CNC can store up to 7 part-programs.

Each of these programs may have up to 20 basic operations.Each of these operations will have been edited by the operator in the "AUTOMATIC"mode (CYCLE) and in the manner described in the chapter about "AUTOMATICOPERATIONS".

6.1 ACCESS TO THE PART-PROGRAM TABLE

To access this table, press [RECALL].

The upper right-hand side of the screen will show a directory of up to 7 part-programsof the 10 that may be stored, always numbered with 5 digits and comprised between"00000" and "99995". To see the rest, use

The dashes indicate that there is no part-program. The symbols displayed to the rightof the corresponding part number mean the following:

[*] Indicates that the part-program has been previouslyedited and it contains data.

[ ] Indicates that the part-program contains no data.

To assign a number to the desired part, proceed as follows:

. Position the cursor over it using the keys andknowing that the selection rolls over.

. Press [P]. The selected line will appear in reverse videoblinking the number "00000".

. Press the digits of the number to be assigned and then press [ENTER]. If afterpressing this key, this number keeps blinking, it means that this number has alreadybeen assigned to another part.

. If [CLEAR] is pressed, the selected line will return to its previous number if ithad one.

To quit the part-program table, position the cursor over "EXIT" and press [ENTER].

PART01435 [*]47632 [*]32540 [*]----- [ ]----- [ ]----- [ ]----- [ ]

EXIT


2 WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS

PART 013461 - RECT.POCK2 - CIRC.POCK3 - ARCPO+DRI4 - ROUNDBOSS5 - ?6 - ?7 - ?

EXIT

PART-PROGRAMSELECTION

6.2 PART-PROGRAM SELECTION

To analyze the contents of a part-program in order to edit it or modify it, select it atthe part-program table and press [RECALL].

Each part may consist of up to 20 basic operations. However, the upper right-handside of the screen will show a set of 7 operations.

Whenever a part-program is accessed, the cursor appears at its first free position.

The free positions are indicated by means of the "?" character and the occupiedpositions indicate the type of operation that has beenedited in them. Although the profiles are treated as asingle operations, they occupy two positions.

Each one of these operations will have been previouslyedited by the operator in the "AUTOMATIC" mode(CYCLE) and in the manner described in the chapterabout "AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS".

To select one of these operations, position the cursorover it by using the keys.

To quit the part-program option, position the cursor over"EXIT" and press [ENTER].

To return to the part-program directory (previous menu),press the key until the cursor is positioned over"PART 01346" and, then, press the key once more


WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS 3

6.3 PART-PROGRAM EDITING

A part-program consists of various operations. Therefore, to edit it, we must edit itsdifferent operations.

Each operation will be edited as any normal operation and in the manner describedin the section about "AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS".

Once defined, the operation may be simulated or executed to check that it worksproperly.

To store the operation as part-program, position the cursor over the operation numberto be assigned to it and press [ENTER].

The CNC requests confirmation of the command. The following cases are possible:

* The selected operation number was free.

Once the command to store in memory is confirmed, the CNC will include thenew operation in the indicated position and the operation listing will be updated.

* The selected operation number was occupied.

When the CNC requests confirmation of this command, it asks whether it is desiredto:

Replace by pressing [ENTER].

The new operation will occupy the selected position and the previousoperation will disappear. The rest of the operations will keep their originalpositions.

Insert by pressing [1].

The new operation will occupy the selected position and the one whichwas there before as well as the following ones (including the free ones)will be shifted back one position.

If position number 20 is already occupied, the CNC will display a messageindicating that this command cannot be executed.

Ignore (do nothing) by pressing [CLEAR].

Atention:

When editing several operations of a part-program, it is recommendedto start from operation "1" and use consecutive positions.

When executing a part-program, the CNC always starts from operation"1" and ends the execution when a free position is found, even when theprogram has other operations.

Each one of the operations of the part-program is stored in memory withall the data which was edited with, including the machining conditions:F, S, T, spindle rotating direction, etc.

PART-PROGRAM EDITING


4 WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS PART-PROGRAMSIMULATION

6.4 PART-PROGRAM SIMULATION

With this CNC, it is possible to check a part-program in dry-run before executing it.

When simulating a part, the CNC always starts out fromoperation "1" and ends when it encounters a free position,even if the part contains more operations.

To do this, position the cursor over the part number (PART01346) and press

The CNC will show a graphic representation.

The lower left-hand side of the screen shows the plane beingrepresented (XY, YZ or YZ) or three-dimensional XYZ.

To have any other plane displayed, press its correspondingkey:







EXIT


WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS 5PART-PROGRAMSIMULATION


While simulating, it is possible to access any other plane (keys: 0, 1, 2 and 3) but it isnot possible to set them. To set other planes or modify the display area, it is necessaryto interrupt the simulation of the program by pressing .


6.4.1 ZOOM FUNCTION















6.5 PART-PROGRAM EXECUTION

When executing a part-program, the CNC always starts from operation "1" and endswhen a free position is found, even when the program has other operations.

To execute a part-program, select it by positioning thecursor over its corresponding header (PART 01346) andpress

Once the part-program is selected, it is executedoperation after operation starting from the first one.

Every time the CNC selects an operation, it will highlightit and it will make a copy into the editing area (bottomof the screen) displaying the selected operation withall its parameters.

Once the operation has concluded, the tool is positionedat the safety point "Z SAF". The tool movement to thefirst point of the next operation is made in a straightline maintaining the "Z SAF" coordinate.

Before executing each operation, the CNC assumes themachining conditions F, S, T defined for the operation.

At the end of each operation, the tool returns to the safety position "Z SAF" for thatoperation.

If the next operation requires a tool change, the CNC moves the tool to the Z coordinateat the beginning of the program (where it was before pressing ), it stops thespindle and displays the tool change message.

Before starting the next operation, the tool positions at the "Z SAF" point of thatoperation.

The execution of the part-program ends when a free position is found even if thereare more operations defined in later blocks.

The tool will return to the Z coordinate where the execution of the part-programbegan (where it was when was pressed.

To interrupt the program, press . Once interrupted, the following keys areenabled:

To resume execution, press

Atention:

It must be borne in mind that the CNC always executes what is defined inthe editing area, bottom of the screen. Therefore, the cursor must be positionedover the part's header (PART 01346) before pressing

If when pressing the cursor is positioned over an automaticoperation, the CNC only executes that operation.

PART-PROGRAMEXECUTION


EXIT



6.5.1 EXECUTION OF AN OPERATION PREVIOUSLY STORED IN APART-PROGRAM

To do this, select the corresponding part-program, position the cursor over the desiredoperation and press [RECALL].

The CNC recovers all the values that the operation was stored with and it showsthem at the bottom of the screen.

* Data specific to the operation:* Machining conditions: F, S, T, spindle turning direction, etc.

Then, press to execute the selected operation.

It is possible to modify any data before pressing if so desired.

PART-PROGRAMEXECUTION


8 WORKING WITH PART-PROGRAMS PART-PROGRAMEXECUTION

6.5.2. TOOL INSPECTION

With this option it is possible to interrupt the execution of a part-program and inspectthe tool to check its status and change it if necessary.



b) Press [TOOL]













f) Press to resume the execution of the part-program.



6.6 PART-PROGRAM MODIFICATION

To modify an operation, select the corresponding part-program, position the cursorover the desired operation and press [RECALL].

The CNC recovers all the values stored with that operation and it displays themat the bottom of the screen.

From this moment, the operation may be modified as any normal operation andin the manner described in the section about "AUTOMATIC OPERATIONS".

Once all the modifications have been made, it is possible to simulate or executethe operation to verify that it works properly before storing it in memory.

Once [ENTER] has been pressed, the CNC requests the confirmation of thecommand. Press [ENTER] again to confirm it (replace option).

To delete an operation, select the corresponding part-program, position the cursorover the desired operation and press [CLEAR].

The CNC will request confirmation of the command.

When deleting an operation, the CNC compresses the part-program shifting allthe following operations one position forward.

To insert a new operation, follow the same procedure as for editing a part-program.

Once the operation has been defined, position the cursor over the operation numberto be assigned to it and press [ENTER] to store it in memory.

The CNC requests confirmation of the command. Press [1] to insert this new oneor [ENTER] to replace the current (old) one.

To copy an already existing operation into another position, move the cursor overthe operation to be copied and press [RECALL].

The CNC recovers all the values stored with that operation and it displays themat the bottom of the screen.

Then, select the operation number where it is to be copied and press [ENTER].The CNC will request confirmation of the command.

PART-PROGRAMMODIFICATION



6.7 PART-PROGRAM DELETION

To delete a part-program, choose one of the following methods:

Select the desired part-program on the part-program directory and press [CLEAR]or select the desired part-program, position the cursor over its header (PART01435)and press [CLEAR]. In either case, the CNC will request confirmation of the command.

PART01435 [*]47632 [*]32540 [*]----- [ ]----- [ ]----- [ ]----- [ ]

EXIT

PART-PROGRAM DELETION


EXIT



6.8 PERIPHERALS

With this CNC it is possible to communicate with the FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit,with a general peripheral device or with a computer in order to transfer programsfrom and to one another. This communication may be managed either from the CNCwhen in the "Peripheral mode" or from the computer by means of FAGOR's DNCprotocol in which case the CNC may be in any of its operating modes.

6.8.1 PERIPHERAL MODE

In this mode, the CNC may communicate with the FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit, witha general peripheral device or with a computer having a standard off-the-shelfcommunications program.

To access this mode, press [AUX] and select the "Peripherals" option of the"Auxiliary modes" menu.

The upper left-hand side of The CNC screen will show the following menu:

0 - RECEIVE FROM (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT1 - SEND TO (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT2 - RECEIVE FROM GENERAL DEVICE3 - SEND TO GENERAL DEVICE4 - (Fagor) FLOPPY DISK UNIT DIRECTORY5 - (Fagor) DELETE FLOPPY DISK UNIT PROGRAM6 - DNC ON/OFF

In order to use any of these options, the DNC mode must be inactive. If it is active(the upper right-hand side of the screen shows: DNC), press [6] (DNC ON/OFF) todeactivate it (the DNC letters disappear).

With options 0, 1, 2 and 3 it is possible to transfer machine parameters, the decodedM function table and the leadscrew error compensation table to a peripheral device.

The lower right-hand side of the CNC screen will show a directory of up to 7 part-programs of the CNC.

To do this, key in the desired number when the CNC requests the number of theprogram to be transferred and press [ENTER].

P00000 to P99990 Corresponding to part-programsP99994 and P99996 Special user programs in ISO codeP99997 For internal use and CANNOT be transmitted back and

forthP99998 Used to associate texts to PLCI messagesP99999 Machine parameters and tables

Atention:

The part-programs cannot be edited at the peripheral device or computer.

The CRT will show the message: "RECEIVING" or "SENDING" during the programtransfer and the message: "PROGRAM NUM. P23256 (for example) RECEIVED"or "SENT" when the transmission is completed.

PERIPHERALS



When the transmission is not correct, it will display the message: "Transmissionerror" and when the data received by the CNC is not recognized (different format)by the CNC, it will issue the message: "Incorrect data received".

The CNC memory must be unlocked in order to perform any data transmission; ifnot so, the CNC will return to the menu of the peripheral mode.

When transmitting from a peripheral device other than a FAGOR Floppy Disk Unit,the following aspects must be considered:

* The program must begin with a "NULL" character (ASCII 00) followed by "%""program number" (for example %23256) and a "LINE FEED" character (LF).

* Blank spaces, the carriage-return key and the "+" sign are ignored.

* The program must end with either 20 "NULL" characters (ASCII 00) or withone "ESCAPE" character or with one "EOT" character.

* Press [CL] to cancel the transmission. The CNC will issue the message: PROCESSABORTED".

FLOPPY DISK UNIT DIRECTORYThis option displays the programs stored on the disk inserted in the FAGORFloppy Disk Unit and the number of characters (size) of each one of them.

It also shows the number of free characters available (free memory space) onthe tape.

DELETE FLOPPY DISK UNIT PROGRAMWith this option it is possible to delete a program contained at the FAGOR FloppyDisk Unit.

The CNC requests the number of the program to be deleted. After keying in thedesired number, press [ENTER].

Once the program has been deleted, the CNC will display the message:"PROGRAM NUM: P____ DELETED".

It also shows the number of free characters on the disk (free memory space).

6.8.2 DNC COMMUNICATIONS

To be able to use this feature, the DNC communication must be active (the upperright-hand side of the screen shows: DNC). To do this the correspondingparameters must be set accordingly by the manufacturer and option [6] of the"Peripherals" mode selected if it was not active.

Once active and by using the FAGORDNC application software supplied, uponrequest, in floppy disks it is possible to perform the following operations fromthe computer:

. Obtain the CNC's part-program directory.

. Transfer part-programs and tables from and to the CNC.

. Delete part-programs at the CNC.

. Certain remote control of the machine.

Atention:

Any operating mode may be selected at the CNC.

PERIPHERALS



6.9 LOCK/UNLOCK

With this option it is possible to lock/unlock the part-program memory in order toprotect it against accidental manipulation.

To access this mode, press [AUX] and after selecting "Auxiliary Modes", press thekey corresponding to the "LOCK/UNLOCK" option.

The codes used to do this are:

[BEG] 0000 [ENTER] Unlocks part-program memory.

[BEG] 1111 [ENTER] Locks part-program memory.

[P] F000 [ENTER] Erases the contents of all arithmetic parameters (dataof the automatic operations) and sets them to "0".

LOCK/UNLOCK

ERRORCODES

001 This error occurs in the following cases:

* When the first character of the block to be executed is not an "N".

* When while BACKGROUND editing, the program in execution calls a subroutine located in the programbeing edited or in a later program.

The order in which the part-programs are stored in memory are shown in the part-program directory. If duringthe execution of a program, a new one is edited, this new one will be placed at the end of the list.

002 Too many digits when defining a function in general.


* When a negative value has been assigned to a function which does not accept the "-" sign.

* When an incorrect value has been assigned to an automatic operation:

- Positioning in line: ..................................... If L=0, Xn=X1, Yn=Y1, I=0If L=0, Xn=X1, Yn=Y1, N=0If I=0, N=0If I>0, L/I fraction

- Positioning in arc: ...................................... If N=0If R=0, Xc=X1, Yc=Y1

- Positioning in rectangle or grid pattern: If LX=0, IX=0 or LY=0, IY=0If LX=0, NX=0 or LY=0, NY=0If LX>0, IX=0, NX<2 or LY>0, IY=0, NY<2If LX>0, IX>0, LX/IX fractionIf LY>0, IY>0, LY/IY fraction

- Rectangular pocket .................................... If L=0 or H=0If r>(L/2) or r>(H/2)

- Circular pocket .......................................... If Tool radius > R- Corner roughing ........................................ If L=0 or H=0

If r>L or r>H- Surface milling .......................................... If L=0 or H=0

004 Not being used at this time.

005 Parametric block programmed wrong.

006 There are more than 10 parameters affected in a block.

007 Division by zero.

008 Square root of a negative number.

009 Parameter value too large.

010 M41, M42, M43 or M44 has been programmed.

011 More than 7 "M" functions in a block.


- Function G50 is programmed wrong

- Tool dimension values too large.

- Zero offset values ( G53/G59 ) too large.


014 A block has been programmed which is incorrect either by itself or in relation with the program history up tothat instant.

015 Functions G20, G21, G22, G23, G24, G25, G26, G27, G28, G29, G30, G31, G32, G50, G52, G53, G54, G55,G56, G57, G58, G59, G72, G73, G74, G92 and G93 must be programmed alone in a block.

016 The called subroutine or block does not exist or the block searched by means of special function F17 does notexist.

017 Negative or too large thread pitch value.

018 Error in blocks where the points are defined by means of angle-angle or angle-coordinate.

019 This error is issued in the following cases:

- After defining G20, G21, G22 or G23, the number of the subroutine it refers to is missing.

- The "N" character has not been programmed after function G25, G26, G27, G28 or G29.

- Too many nesting levels.

020 The axes of the circular interpolation are not programmed correctly.

021 There is no block at the address defined by the parameter assigned to F18, F19, F20, F21, F22.

022 An axis is repeated when programming G74.

023 K has not been programmed after G04.

025 Error in a definition block or subroutine call, or when defining either conditional or unconditional jumps.


- Memory overflow.

- Not enough free tape or CNC memory to store the part-program.

027 I/J/K has not been defined for a circular interpolation or thread.

028 An attempt has been made to select a tool offset at the tool table or a non-existent external tool (the number oftools is set by machine parameter).

029 Too large a value assigned to a function.

This error is often issued when programming an F value in mm/min (inch/min) and, then, switching to work inmm/rev (inch/rev) without changing the F value.

030 The programmed G function does not exist.

031 Tool radius value too large.


033 A movement of over 8388 mm or 330.26 inches has been programmed.

Example: Being the X axis position X-5000, if we want to move it to point X5000, the CNC will issue error33 when programming the block N10 X5000 since the programmed move will be:5000 - (-5000) = 10000 mm.

In order to make this move without issuing this error, it must be carried out in two stages as indicatedbelow:

N10 X0 ; 5000 mm moveN10 X5000 ; 5000 mm move

034 S or F value too large.

035 Not enough information for corner rounding, chamfering or compensation.

036 Repeated subroutine.

037 Function M19 programmed incorrectly.

038 Function G72 or G73 programmed incorrectly.

It must be borne in mind that if G72 is applied only to one axis, this axis must be positioned at part zero (0 value)at the time the scaling factor is applied.


- More than 15 nesting levels when calling subroutines.

- A block has been programmed which contains a jump to itself. Example: N120 G25 N120.

040 The programmed arc does not go through the defined end point (tolerance 0.01mm) or there is no arc that goesthrough the points defined by G08 or G09.

041 This error is issued when programming a tangential entry as in the following cases:

- There is no room to perform the tangential entry. A clearance of twice the rounding radius or greater isrequired.

- If the tangential entry is to be applied to an arc (G02, G03), The tangential entry must be defined in a linearblock.

042 This error is issued when programming a tangential exit as in the following cases:

- There is no room to perform the tangential exit. A clearance of twice the rounding radius or greater is required.

- If the tangential exit is to be applied to an arc (G02, G03), The tangential exit must be defined in a linear block.

043 Polar origin coordinates (G93) defined incorrectly.


045 Function G36, G37, G38 or G39 programmed incorrectly.

046 Polar coordinates defined incorrectly.

047 A zero movement has been programmed during radius compensation or corner rounding.


049 Chamfer programmed incorrectly in a rectangular pocket or corner roughing operation in such way that:

* The tool cannot machine it because the chamfer is too small.* A chamfer that big cannot be machined with those L, H, E parameter values

050 Functions M06, M22, M23, M24, M25 must be programmed alone in a block.

051 * A tool change cannot be performed without being in the change position.

052 * The requested tool is not in the magazine.


054 There is no tape in the cassette reader or the reader head cover is open.

055 Parity error when reading or recording a cassette.


057 Write-protected tape.

058 Sluggish tape transport.

059 Communication error between the CNC and the cassette reader.

060 Internal CNC hardware error. Consult with the Technical Service Department.

061 Battery error.

The memory contents will be kept for 10 more days (with the CNC off) from the moment this error occurs. Thewhole battery module located on the back must be replaced. Consult with the Technical Service Department.

Atention:

Due to danger of explosion or combustion, do not try to recharge the battery, do not exposeit to temperatures higher than 100°C (232°F) and do not short the battery leads.

064 * External emergency input (pin 14 of connector I/O1) is activated.


066 * X axis travel limit overrun.

It is generated either because the machine is beyond limit or because a block has been programmed which wouldforce the machine to go beyond limits.

067 * Y axis travel limit overrun.


068 * Z axis travel limit overrun.



070 ** X axis following error.

071 ** Y axis following error.

072 ** Z axis following error.


074 ** Spindle speed value too large.

075 ** Feedback error at connector A1.





080 This error occurs when using a tool smaller than the machining pass "G" in a rectangular/circular pocket or ina corner roughing operation.

081 This error occurs when the tool radius is greater than "(L/2)-E" or "H/2)-E".

082 ** Parity error in general parameters.

083 This error occurs when programming "r>0" or "C>0" in a rectangular pocket or corner roughing operation.

084 This error occurs when programming a tool radius greater than "R-E" in a circular pocket.

085 This error occurs when using a 0-radius tool (tool offset) having programmed "G=0" (machining pass) in arectangular/circular pocket or in a corner roughing operation.

086 This error occurs when assigning an incorrect value to an automatic operation or to a machining operation:

- Rectangular pocket ................ If P=0 or I=0- Circular pocket ...................... If P=0 or I=0- Corner roughing..................... If P=0 or I=0- Surface milling ...................... If P=0 or I=0- Center punching: ................... If P=0, =0- Drilling: ................................. If P=0 or I=0- Tapping: ................................. If P=0- Boring, reaming: .................... If P=0

087 ** Internal CNC hardware error. Consult with the Technical Service Department.


089 * All the axes have not been homed.

This error comes up when it is mandatory to search home on all axes after power-up. This requirement is setby machine parameter.





094 Parity error in tool table or zero offset table G53-G59.

095 This error occurs when the tool radius is larger than the rounding radius "r" in a rectangular pocket or cornerroughing operation.

096 ** Parity error in Z axis parameters.

097 ** Parity error in Y axis parameters.

098 ** Parity error in X axis parameters.

099 ** Parity error in M table.



105 This error comes up in the following cases:

> A comment has more than 43 characters.

> A program has been defined with more than 5 characters.

> A block number has more than 4 characters.

> Strange characters in memory.

106 ** Inside temperature limit exceeded.


108 ** Error in Z axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.

109 ** Error in Y axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.

110 ** Error in X axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.





115 * Watch-dog error in the periodic module.

This error occurs when the periodic module takes longer than 5 milliseconds.

116 * Watch-dog error in the main module.

This error occurs when the main module takes longer than half the time indicated in machine parameter "P729".

117 * The internal CNC information requested by activating marks M1901 thru M1949 is not available.

118 * An attempt has been made to modify an unavailable internal CNC variable by means of marks M1950 thruM1964.

119 Error when writing machine parameters, the decoded M function table and the leadscrew error compensationtables into the EEPROM memory.

This error may occur when after locking the machine parameters, the decoded M function table and theleadscrew error compensation tables, one tries to save this information into the EEPROM memory.

120 Checksum error when recovering (restoring) the machine parameters, the decoded M function table andleadscrew error compensation tables from the EEPROM memory.

Atention:The ERRORS indicated with "*" behave as follows:

They stop the axis feed and the spindle rotation by cancelling the Enable signals and theanalog outputs of the CNC.

hey interrupt the execution of the part-program of the CNC if it was being executed.

The ERRORS indicated with "**" besides behaving as those with an "*", they activate theINTERNAL EMERGENCY OUTPUT.

FAGOR 800M CNC

PROGRAMMING MANUAL

Ref. 9701 (ing)

ABOUT THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL

This manual should be used when elaborating an ISO-coded program.

This CNC can store 2 user-defined ISO-coded programs:

P99994 Special ISO-coded user program to store subroutines.P99996 ISO-coded user Part-program.

Both programs may be written at a PC and sent out to the CNC. The Peripherals section of theOperating Manual describes how to transfer information between the CNC and a PC.

P99996 may be edited at the CNC; but P99994 cannot be accessed from the CNC. It must beedited at a PC or peripheral device.

This manual describes all the information on the ISO code used by the 800M CNC.

Notes: The information described in this manual may be subject to variations due totechnical modifications.

FAGOR AUTOMATION, S.Coop. reserves the right to modify the contents of themanual without prior notice.

INDEX

Section Page

Comparison Table for FAGOR 800M CNC models ........................................................ ixNew Features and modifications ...................................................................................... xiii

INTRODUCTION

Safety Conditions ........................................................................................................... 3Material Returning Terms ............................................................................................. 5Fagor Documentation for the 800M CNC ................................................................... 6Manual Contents ............................................................................................................ 7

Chapter 1 PROGRAM WRITING

1.1 CNC program structure .................................................................................................... 11.2 Block number .................................................................................................................. 21.2.1 Conditional block (block skip) ....................................................................................... 21.3 Block contents ................................................................................................................. 31.4 Preparatory functions (G) ................................................................................................. 41.4.1 "G" function table for this CNC ....................................................................................... 4

Chapter 2 COORDINATE PROGRAMMING

2.1 Plane selection (G17, G18, G19) ..................................................................................... 12.2 Measuring units. Millimeters (G71 or inches G70) ......................................................... 22.3 Absolute (G90) or incremental (G91) programming ....................................................... 32.4 Coordinate programming ................................................................................................ 42.4.1 Cartesian coordinates ...................................................................................................... 42.4.2 Polar coordinates ............................................................................................................. 52.4.3 Cylindrical coordinates ................................................................................................... 82.4.4 Programming by two angles (A1, A2) ............................................................................. 92.4.5 By one angle and one cartesian coordinate ..................................................................... 10

Chapter 3 REFERENCE SYSTEMS

3.1 Machine Reference (home) search (G74) ........................................................................ 13.2 Coordinate preset (G92) .................................................................................................. 23.3 Polar origin preset (G93) ................................................................................................. 33.4 Zero offsets (G53 ... G59) ................................................................................................. 53.5 Store and retrieve current Part Zero (G31, G32) .............................................................. 7

Chapter 4 OTHER FUNCTIONS

4.1 Feedrate programming (F) ............................................................................................... 14.1.1 Programmable feedrate override (G49) ............................................................................ 24.2 Spindle speed (S) ............................................................................................................. 34.3 Tool programming (T) ..................................................................................................... 44.3.1 Loading tool dimensions into tool table (G50) ............................................................... 54.4 Miscellaneous functions (M) ........................................................................................... 6

Chapter 5 PATH CONTROL

5.1 Round corner (G05) ......................................................................................................... 15.2 Square corner (G07) ......................................................................................................... 15.3 Rapid positioning (G00) ................................................................................................. 25.4 Linear interpolation (G01) .............................................................................................. 35.5 Circular interpolation (G02, G03) ................................................................................... 45.5.1 Circular interpolation by programming the arc radius .................................................... 85.5.2 Circular interpolation with absolute center coordinates ................................................. 95.5.3 Helical interpolation ....................................................................................................... 105.6 Arc tangent to previous path (G08) ................................................................................. 125.7 Arc defined by three points (G09) ................................................................................... 135.8 Tangential entry (G37) .................................................................................................... 145.9 Tangential exit (G38) ...................................................................................................... 155.10 Automatic radius blend (G36) ......................................................................................... 165.11 Chamfer (G39) ................................................................................................................. 17

Chapter 6 ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS

6.1 Dwell (G04) ..................................................................................................................... 16.2 Mirror image (G10, G11, G12, G13) ................................................................................ 26.3 Display error code (G30) ................................................................................................. 46.4 Unconditional jump / call (G25) ..................................................................................... 56.5 Scaling factor (G72) ......................................................................................................... 76.5.1 Scaling factor applied onto all axes ................................................................................ 76.5.2 Scaling factor applied only onto one axis ....................................................................... 86.6 Pattern rotation (G73) ...................................................................................................... 96.7 Single-block treatment. ON (G47), OFF (G48) ................................................................ 10

Chapter 7 TOOL COMPENSATION

7.1 Tool radius compensation ............................................................................................... 17.1.1 Selection and activation of tool radius compensation (G41, G42) ................................. 27.1.2 Operating with too radius compensation ........................................................................ 67.1.3 Cancellation of tool radius compensation (G40) ............................................................ 97.1.4 Machining examples with tool radius compensation ..................................................... 117.2 Tool length compensation (G43, G44) ............................................................................ 14

Section Page

Section Page

Chapter 8 MACHINING CANNED CYCLES

8.1 Point to point positioning (G67 N0 & P202=K0) ........................................................... 28.2 Straight-line positioning (G67 N0 & P202=K1) ............................................................. 38.3 Rectangular pattern positioning (G67 N0 & P202=K2) .................................................. 48.4 Grid pattern positioning (G67 N0 & P202=K3) .............................................................. 58.5 Bolt-hole (arc) pattern positioning (G67 N0 & P202=K4) .............................................. 68.6 Inside rectangular pocket machining (G67 N1 & P202=K0) .......................................... 78.7 Inside circular pocket machining (G67 N1 & P202=K1) ................................................ 98.8 Outside rectangular pocket machining (G67 N2 & P202=K0) ........................................ 118.9 Outside circular pocket machining (G67 N2 & P202=K1) .............................................. 138.10 Surface milling (G67 N3) ................................................................................................. 158.11 Corner roughing (G67 N4) .............................................................................................. 188.12 Drilling (G67 N6) ............................................................................................................ 208.13 Tapping (G67 N7) ............................................................................................................ 228.14 Boring / Reaming (G67 N8) ............................................................................................ 248.15 Center punching (G67 N9) .............................................................................................. 26

Chapter 9 SUBROUTINES

9.1 Special program P99994 for user subroutines ................................................................. 19.2 Identification of a standard subroutine (G22) ................................................................. 29.3 Calling a standard subroutine (G20) ............................................................................... 29.4 Identification of a parametric subroutine (G23) .............................................................. 39.5 Calling a parametric subroutine (G21) ............................................................................ 39.6 Examples ......................................................................................................................... 49.7 Nesting levels .................................................................................................................. 8

Chapter 10 PARAMETRIC PROGRAMMING

10.1 Assignments .................................................................................................................... 210.2 Operators "F1 through F16" ............................................................................................. 310.3 Operators "F17 through F29" ........................................................................................... 510.4 Binary operators "F30 through F33" ............................................................................... 710.5 Conditional jump functions (G26, G27, G28, G29) ........................................................ 8

ERROR CODES

COMPARISON TABLEFOR FAGOR 800M

CNC MODELS

AVAILABLE 800M CNC MODELS

800-MG 800-MGI

X, Y axes control l l

Z axis as DRO l l

Controlled Z axis l l

Spindle l l

Tools 99 99

Tool Radius Compensation l l

Tool Length Compensation l l

Electronic Handwheels 3 3

RS 232C Communications l l

Integrated PLC (PLCI) l

ISO-coded program editing(P99996)

l l

Execution of ISO-codedprogram (P99996)

l l

Graphics l l

Date: July 1995 Software version: 2.1 and newer


Clear all arithmetic parameter contents setting Installation Manual Section 3.9them to "0". Operating Manual Section 3.8&6.9

ISO Programming. Programming Manual

Editing of program P99996 at the CNC. Installation Manual Section 3.10Operating Manual Section 3.9

When interrupting execution, the keys for the Installation Manual Section 3.5.1spindle, the coolant and for O1, O2, O3 and Operating Manual Section 2.5.1TOOL are enabled. Operating Manual Section 6.5

Subroutine associated to the execution of a tool Installation Manual Section 4.3(only when executing program P99996) Programming Manual Chapter 9.

ISO codes of the 800T CNC Programming Manual

NEW FEATURESAND

MODIFICATIONS

Date: November 1995 Software version: 2.2 and newer


Subroutines to be executed before and after Installation Manual Section 4.3the "T" function. Programming Manual Chapter 9

"M" functions associated with automatic Operating Manual Section 4.1.2operations.

"M" functions associated with machining Operating Manual Section 5.1.1operations.

Introduction - 1

INTRODUCTION

Introduction - 3

SAFETY CONDITIONS

Read the following safety measures in order to prevent damage to personnel, to thisproduct and to those products connected to it.

This unit must only be repaired by personnel authorized by Fagor Automation.

Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any physical or material damagederived from the violation of these basic safety regulations.

Precautions against personal damage

Before powering the unit up, make sure that it is connected to groundIn order to avoid electrical discharges, make sure that all the grounding connections areproperly made.

Do not work in humid environmentsIn order to avoid electrical discharges, always work under 90% of relative humidity(non-condensing) and 45º C (113º F).

Do not work in explosive environmentsIn order to avoid risks, damage, do no work in explosive environments.

Precautions against product damage

Working environmentThis unit is ready to be used in Industrial Environments complying with the directivesand regulations effective in the European Community

Fagor Automation shall not be held responsible for any damage suffered or causedwhen installed in other environments (residential or homes).

Install the unit in the right placeIt is recommended, whenever possible, to instal the CNC away from coolants, chemicalproduct, blows, etc. that could damage it.

This unit complies with the European directives on electromagnetic compatibility.Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep it away from sources of electromagneticdisturbance such as.- Powerful loads connected to the same AC power line as this equipment.- Nearby portable transmitters (Radio-telephones, Ham radio transmitters).- Nearby radio / TC transmitters.- Nearby arc welding machines- Nearby High Voltage power lines- Etc.

Ambient conditionsThe working temperature must be between +5° C and +45° C (41ºF and 113º F)The storage temperature must be between -25° C and 70° C. (-13º F and 158º F)

Introduction - 4

Protections of the unit itself

It carries two fast fuses of 3.15 Amp./ 250V. to protect the mains AC input

All the digital inputs and outputs are protected by an external fast fuse (F) of 3.15 Amp./250V. against a voltage overload (greater than 33Vdc) and against reverse connectionof the power supply.

Precautions during repair

Do not manipulate the inside of the unitOnly personnel authorized by Fagor Automation may manipulate theinside of this unit.

Do not manipulate the connectors with the unit connected to AC power.Before manipulating the connectors (inputs/outputs, feedback, etc.)make sure that the unit is not connected to AC power.

Safety symbols

Symbols which may appear on the manual


Symbols that may be carried on the product


"Electrical Shock" symbolIt indicates that point may be under electrical voltage

"Ground Protection" symbolIt indicates that point must be connected to the main ground point of themachine as protection for people and units.

Introduction - 5

MATERIAL RETURNING TERMS

When returning the CNC, pack it in its original package and with its original packagingmaterial. If not available, pack it as follows:

1.- Get a cardboard box whose three inside dimensions are at least 15 cm (6 inches) largerthan those of the unit. The cardboard being used to make the box must have a resistanceof 170 Kg (375 lb.).

2.- When sending it to a Fagor Automation office for repair, attach a label indicating theowner of the unit, person to contact, type of unit, serial number, symptom and a briefdescription of the problem.

3.- Wrap the unit in a polyethylene roll or similar material to protect it.

When sending the monitor, especially protect the CRT glass.

4.- Pad the unit inside the cardboard box with poly-utherane foam on all sides.

5.- Seal the cardboard box with packing tape or industrial staples.

Introduction - 6

FAGOR DOCUMENTATIONFOR THE 800M CNC

800M CNC OEM Manual Is directed to the machine builder or person in charge of installing and startingup the CNC.

It has the Installation manual inside. Sometimes, it may contain an additionalmanual describing New Software Features recently implemented.

800M CNC USER Manual Is directed to the end user or CNC operator.

It contains 2 manuals:Operating Manual describing how to operate the CNC.Programming Manual describing how to program the CNC.

Sometimes, it may contain an additional manual describing New SoftwareFeatures recently implemented.

DNC 25/30 Software Manual Is directed to people using the optional DNC communications software.

DNC 25/30 Protocol Manual Is directed to people wishing to design their own DNC communications softwareto communicate with the 800 without using the DNC25/30 software..

PLCI Manual To be used when the CNC has an integrated PLC.

Is directed to the machine builder or person in charge of installing and startingup the PLCI.

DNC-PLC Manual Is directed to people using the optional communications software: DNC-PLC.

FLOPPY DISK Manual Is directed to people using the Fagor Floppy Disk Unit and it shows how to useit.

Introduction - 7

MANUAL CONTENTS

The programming manual consists of the following sections:

Index

Comparative Table for Fagor 800M CNC models

New Features and modifications

Introduction Safety ConditionsMaterial returning conditionsFagor documents for the 800M CNCManual Contents

Chapter 1 Program writingStructure of the part-program and of all its blocksIt shows the available preparatory G functions.

Chapter 2 Coordinate programmingIt shows how to select the work planes, work units, type of programming (absolute /incremental)It describes the coordinate systems for coordinate programming (Cartesian, polar, cylindrical,by means of angles, by means of an angle and a Cartesian coordinate).

Chapter 3 Reference systemsIt shows how to program machine reference search and coordinate preset as well as the zerooffsets and polar origin preset.It indicates how to save the current coordinate origin and retrieve it later on.

Chapter 4 Other functions:It shows how to program the preparatory functions regarding axis feedrate and spindle speed.It indicates how to program the spindle turning speed.It shows how to program the tool and how to modify the table values via user program.It indicates how to program the auxiliary "M" functions.

Chapter 5 Path controlIt describes how to program the part in square and round corner.It shows how to program fast positioning, linear and circular interpolations.It indicates how to program tangential entries and exits as well as corner rounding andchamfering.

Chapter 6 Additional Preparatory FunctionsIt shows how to program a dwell.How to apply mirror image functions.How to display an error code.How to work with jumps and unconditional jumps.How to apply the scaling factor.How to apply pattern rotation.How to program the single-block treatment.

Chapter 7 Tool compensationIt shows how to program tool radius and length compensation.

Chapter 8 Machining canned cyclesIt shows how to program the different machining canned cycles.

Chapter 9 Subroutines.Special user program for subroutines: P99994It shows how to identify a standard and a parametric subroutine.How to program a call to a standard or to a parametric subroutine.It shows the subroutine nesting levels.

Chapter 10 Parametric programmingIt shows how to use parametric programming (assignments, operators, jump functions, etc.)

Error codes

PROGRAM WRITINGSection:Chapter: 1 Page

1

1. PROGRAM WRITING

A CNC program consists of a series of blocks or instructions.

These blocks or instructions consist of words formed by capital letters, signs and numbers

The signs and numbers for this CNC are:

. + -0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

It is possible to program without a number when the value is zero and without the signwhen it is positive.

When programming, the numbers of a word may be replaced with an arithmetic parameter.Later on, during basic execution, the CNC will replace the arithmetic parameter with itsvalue. For example:

If XP3 has been programmed, the CNC will replace P3 with its numeric value whenexecuting this instruction obtaining a result such as X20, X20.567, X-0.003, etc.

1.1 CNC PROGRAM STRUCTURE

All program blocks (lines) of the program will have the following structure:

Block number + Block contents

Chapter: 1

PROGRAM WRITING2

Page Section:

1.2 BLOCK NUMBER

The block number serves to identify each one of the program blocks.

It is expressed by the letter "N" followed by up to 4 digits (0-9999).

These program blocks must be in numerical order (N10, N15, N37, N46, etc.). It isrecommended not to assign them sequential numbers (N10, N11, N12, N13, etc.) in orderto be able to insert future blocks between them if so required.

Atention:

All throughout this manual, we will indicate an "N4" format when referringto a block number meaning that the "N" letter must be followed by up to 4-digits (without decimals),

1.2.1 CONDITIONAL BLOCK (BLOCK SKIP)

There are two types of conditional blocks:

a) REGULAR BLOCK SKIP: N4.

If the block number N4 is followed by a period (.), the block is set as a regular blockskip. This means that the CNC will execute it only if the corresponding conditional(block skip) input is activated.

When executing any program, the CNC reads four blocks ahead (look ahead) of theone currently in execution.

In order for the conditional block to be executed, the conditional input must beactivated 4 blocks ahead of the conditional block.

b) SPECIAL CONDITIONAL BLOCK (BLOCK SKIP): N4..

If the block number N4 is followed by two periods (..), the block is set as a specialblock skip. This means that the CNC will execute it only if the correspondingconditional (block skip) input is activated.

In this case, the conditional input may be activated while executing the blockbefore the conditional one.

The special conditional block N4.., cancels tool radius compensation G41 and G42.

BLOCK NUMBER


3

1.3 BLOCK CONTENTS

It must be written with commands in ISO language, especially designed to control themovements of the axes, since it provides information and positioning conditions as wellas feedrate data.

Each program block may contain the following functions:

G Preparatory functionsX, Y, Z Coordinates (position values) of the axesF FeedrateS Spindle turning speedT Tool numberM Auxiliary (miscellaneous) functions

This order must be maintained in the block although all these functions need not be in eachblock.

Depending on the selected work units (mm or inches), the following programming formatmust be used:

Millimeter format: N4 G2 X±4.3 Y±4.3 Z±4.3 F4 S4 T2.2 M2Inch format: N4 G2 X±3.4 Y±3.4 Z±3.4 F4 S4 T2.2 M2Parametric format: N4 GP?? XP?? YP?? ZP?? SP?? TP?? MP??

Throughout this manual the following formats will be mentioned and theirmeanings are:

"N4" Block (program line) number indicating that the letter "N" must befollowed by up to 4 digits (N0 through N9999).

"G2" Referring to a preparatory function indicating that the letter "G" must befollowed by up to 2 digits (G0 through G99).

± 4.3 Meaning that a positive or negative number may follow the letter (X, Yor Z) by up to 4 integers and up to 3 decimals.

± 3.4 Meaning that a positive or negative number may follow the letter (X, Yor Z) by up to 3 integers and up to 4 decimals.

"F5.4" Axis feedrate in mm/min, indicating that the letter "F" must be followedby up to 5 integers and up to 4 decimals.

"F4.5" Axis feedrate in inches/min, indicating that the letter "F" must befollowed by up to 4 integers and up to 5 decimals.

"S4" Referring to spindle speed, indicating that the letter "S" must befollowed by up to 4 digits (S0 through S9999).

T2.2 Referring to the work tool, indicating that the letter "T" must be followedby up to 2 integers and two decimals.

"M2" Referring to the miscellaneous functions, indicating that the letter "M"must be followed by up to 2 digits (M0 through M99).

BLOCK CONTENTS

Chapter: 1

PROGRAM WRITING4

Page Section:

1.4 PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS (G)

These functions are programmed by means of the letter "G" followed by two digits (G2).

They are always programmed at the beginning of the block and they are used to set thegeometry and operating conditions of the CNC.

1.4.1 "G" FUNCTION TABLE FOR THIS CNC

PREPARATORYFUNCTIONS (G)

Function M D Meaning SectionG00 * * Rapid positioning 5.3G01 * Linear interpolation 5.4G02 * Clockwise circular interpolation 5.5G03 * Counter-clockwise circular interpolation 5.5G04 Dwell 6.1G05 * * Round corner 5.1G06 Circular interpolation with absolute center coordinates 5.5.2G07 * * Square corner 5.2G08 Arc tangent to previous path 5.6G09 Arc defined by three points 5.7G10 * * Cancellation of mirror image 6.2G11 * Mirror image on X 6.2G12 * Mirror image on Y 6.2G13 * Mirror image on Z 6.2G17 * * XY plane selection 2.1G18 * XZ plane selection 2.1G19 * YZ plane selection 2.1G20 Call to a standard subroutine 9.3G21 Call to a parametric subroutine 9.5G22 Identification of a standard subroutine 9.2G23 Identification of a parametric subroutine 9.4G24 End of subroutine 9.G25 Unconditional jump/call 6.4G26 Jump/Call if equal to 0 10.6G27 Jump/Call if not equal to 0 10.6G28 Jump/Call if smaller than 10.6G29 Jump/Call if equal to or greater than 10.6G30 Display error code 6.3G31 Store coordinate origin 3.5G32 Recover coordinate origin previously stored with G31 3.5G36 Automatic radius blend 5.10G37 Tangential entry 5.8G38 Tangential exit 5.9G39 Chamfer 5.11


5PREPARATORYFUNCTIONS (G)

"M" means MODAL. In other words, that once the "G" function has been executed, itremains active until another incompatible "G" function, M02, M30, EMERGENCY, orRESET is executed or the CNC is turned off and back on.

"D" means BY DEFAULT. That is, that they will be assumed by the CNC on power-up,after executing an M02, M30 or after an EMERGENCY or RESET. Machine parameter"P613(5)" indicates whether G05 or G07 is assumed on power-up.

One block may contain all the desired "G" functions and in any order except: G20, G21,G22, G23, G24, G25, G26, G27, G28, G29, G30, G31, G32, G50, G51, G53/G59, G72,G74 and G92 which must be programmed alone in a block for being special. Ifincompatible "G" functions are programmed in the same block, the CNC assumes the lastone.

Function M D Meaning SectionG40 * * Cancelation of tool radius compensation 7.1.3G41 * Left-hand tool radius compensation 7.1.1G42 * Right-hand tool radius compensation 7.1.1G43 * Tool length compensation 7.2G44 * * Cancellation of tool length compensation 7.2G47 * Single-Block treatment: ON 6.7G48 * * Single-Block treatment: OFF 6.7G49 * Programmable feedrate override % 4.1.1G50 Load tool dimensions into tool offset table 4.3.1

G53/G59 * Zero offsets 3.4G67 N0 P202=K0 Point to point positioning canned cycle 8.1G67 N0 P202=K1 Linear positioning canned cycle 8.2G67 N0 P202=K2 Rectangular positioning canned cycle 8.3G67 N0 P202=K3 Grid pattern positioning canned cycle 8.4G67 N0 P202=K4 Arc positioning canned cycle 8.5G67 N1 P202=K0 Inside rectangular pocket milling canned cycle 8.6G67 N1 P202=K1 Inside circular pocket milling canned cycle 8.7G67 N2 P202=K0 Outside rectangular pocket milling canned cycle 8.8G67 N2 P202=K1 Outside circular pocket milling canned cycle 8.9

G67 N3 Surface milling canned cycle 8.10G67 N4 Corner roughing canned cycle 8.11G67 N6 Drilling canned cycle 8.12G67 N7 Tapping canned cycle 8.13G67 N8 Boring and reaming canned cycle 8.14G67 N9 Center punching canned cycle 8.15

G70 * Inch programming 2.2G71 * Metric programming (in mm) 2.2G72 * Scaling factor 6.5G73 * Pattern rotation 6.6G74 Machine Reference (Home) search 3.1G90 * * Programming in absolute coordinates 2.3G91 * Programming in incremental coordinates 2.3G92 Coordinate preset 3.2G93 Polar origin preset 3.3

Chapter: 2 PageSection:

1COORDINATE PROGRAMMING

2. COORDINATE PROGRAMMING

2.1 PLANE SELECTION (G17, G18, G19)

G17 : XY plane selectionG18 : XZ plane selectionG19 : YZ plane selection

Plane selection must be used when performing circular interpolations, corner rounding,tangential entries and exits, chamfering, machining canned cycles, pattern rotations orwhen applying tool length and radius compensation.

The CNC applies tool radius compensation to both axes of the selected plane and toollength compensation to the axis perpendicular to that plane.

Functions G17,G18,G19 are modal and incompatible with each other.

On power-up, after executing M02, M30 or after an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNCassumes function G17.

PLANE SELECTIONG17, G18, G19

Chapter: 2

COORDINATE PROGRAMMINGSection:

2.2 MEASURING UNITS. MILLIMETERS (G71) OR INCHES (G70)

The CNC has machine parameter "P13" to set the measuring units to be used.

However, these units may be changed along the program by means of the following "G"functions:

G70 Programming in inchesG71 Programming in millimeters

Depending on whether G70 or G71 has been programmed, the CNC assumes those unitsfor all the following blocks.

Functions G70/G71 are modal and incompatible with each other.

On power-up, after executing M02, M30 or after an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNCassumes the measuring units set by machine parameter "P13".

MILIMETROS (G71)PULGADAS (G70)



2.3 ABSOLUTE (G90) OR INCREMENTAL (G91) PROGRAMMING

The coordinates of a point may be programmed either in absolute, G90, or in incremental,G91.

When working in G90, the coordinates of the programmed point are referred to thecoordinate origin point (Part Zero).

When working in G91, the coordinates od the programmed point are referred to the endpoint (target point) of the previous block.

On power-up, after executing M02, M30 or after an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNCassumes G90.

Functions G90 and G91 are modal and incompatible with each other.

Programming example.

Initial point (P0)X20 Y10.

Absolute programming G90

N20 G90 X50 Y40 P0 ==> P1N30 Y10 P1 ==> P2N40 X20 P2 ==> P0

Incremental programming G91

N20 G91 X30 Y30 P0 ==> P1N30 Y-30 P1 ==> P2N40 X-30 P2 ==> P0

ABSOLUTO (G90)INCREMENTAL (G91)

Chapter: 2


2.4 COORDINATE PROGRAMMING

With this CNC, it is possible to program the axis coordinates in the following formats:

- Cartesian coordinates- Polar coordinates- Cylindrical coordinates- By giving two angles- By giving an angle and a cartesian coordinate

2.4.1 CARTESIAN COORDINATES

Their programming format is:

In mm X+/-4.3 Y+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3In inches X+/-3.4 Y+/-3.4 Z+/-3.4

The values of the programmed coordinates will be either absolute or incrementaldepending on whether G90 or G91 has been programmed.

Positive coordinate values do not require the "+" sign. Leading zeros as well as trailingdecimal zeros may also be omittted (0010.100 = 10.1).

Programming example being (X0 Y0) the starting point.

Absolute coordinates:N10 G90 G01 X150.5 Y200N20 X300N30 X0 Y0

Incremental coordinates:N10 G91 G01 X150.5 Y200N20 X149,5N30 X-300 Y-200

CARTESIAN COORDINATES



2.4.2 POLAR COORDINATES

When working with polar coordinates, only movements in the plane can be carried out(two axes at the same time).

Either cartesian or cylindrical coordinates must be programmed to move three axes at thesame time.

The format to define a point in the plane with polar coordinates is:

In mm R+/-4.3 A+/-3.3In inches R+/-3.4 A+/-3.3

Where "R" is the radius of the arc and "A" is the angle (always in degrees) referred to thepolar origin.

The "R" and "A" values will be either absolute or incremental depending on whether G90or G91 is active.

For circular interpolations (G02 or G03), program the angle A±3.3 and the coordinates ofthe center referred to the starting point of the arc.

When the center of the arc is also the polar origin, the center coordinates need not beprogrammed, programming just the angle is enough.

Atention:

On power up, after M02, M30, EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNCassumes point X0 Y0 as the polar origin.

Every time a new main plane is selected during program execution, the originpoint of the new plane becomes the polar origin

When programming G18, point X0 Y0 will be the polar origin point and withG19 it will be point Y0 Z0.

When executing a circular interpolation with G02 or G03, the arc centerbecomes the new polar origin.

With function G93, it is possible to select any point in the plane as polarorigin.

POLAR COORDINATES

Chapter: 2


DIRECTION AND SIGN OF THE ANGLES

POLAR COORDINATES

XY Plane

YZ Plane

XZ PlaneP605(4)=0

XZ PlaneP605(4)=1



Example:

The tool starts out at X0 Y0

N0 G93 I20 J20N5 G01 G90 R5 A180 F150N10 G02 A75N15 G01 G91 R5N20 G02 A-15N25 G01 R10N30 G03 A15N35 G01 R10N40 G02 A-50N45 G01 R-10N50 G03 A15N55 G01 R-10N60 G02 A-15N65 G01 R-5N70 G02 G90 A180N75 G01 X0 Y0

POLAR COORDINATES

Chapter: 2


2.4.3 CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES

A point in the space can be defined by:

X Y Z cartesian coordinate values or in cylindrical coordinates.

The format to define cylindrical coordinates of a point is as follows:

Operating in G17 (plane XY): N10 G01 R.. A.. Z.

Where R,A define the projection of the point on the main plane in polar coordinates andZ is the value of the coordinate Z at that point.

The format for G18 (plane XZ) is: N10 G01 R... A...Y

and for G19 (plane YZ) is: N10 G01 R...A...X

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATES



2.4.4. PROGRAMMING BY TWO ANGLES (A1,A2)

An intermediate point can also be identifieD by using: A1, A2 XY (YZ or XZ) where:

A1 is the esit angle from the starting point (P0).

A2 is the exit angle from the intermediate point (P1).

XY (YZ or XZ) are the coordinates of the end point P2, depending on the workingplane.

The CNC calculates automatically the coordinates of P1.

Example:

Starting point is X0 Y0

N10 X20 Y10 (Coordinates of P0)N20 A45 A30 (Exit angle of P0 and P1)N30 X70 Y50 (Coordinates of P2)

BY TWO ANGLES (A1, A2)

Chapter: 2


2.4.5 BY ONE ANGLE AND ONE CARTESIAN COORDINATE

A point in the main plane can also be defined by the exit angle of the path in the previouspoint and one cartesian coordinate of the point which is to be defined.

Programming example being P0 (X10 Y20) thestarting point:

N10 A45 X30 ; (Point P1)N20 A90 Y60 ; (Point P2)N30 A-45 X50 ; (Point P3)N40 A-135 Y20 ; (Point P4)N50 A180 X10 ; (Point P0)

When defining the points of a path, with two angles or one angle and one coordinate, roundings,tangential approaches and exists can be inserted.

Starting point X0 Y0 and tool’s radius T1=5 mm.

N100 T1.1N110 G37 R10 G41 X20 Y20N120 G39 R5 A90 A0N130 X50 Y60N140 G36 R7 A-45 X70N150 G39 R10 A45 A-90N160 G36 R10 X100 Y20N170 G38 R10 X20N180 G40 X0 Y0N190 M30

ANGLE & ONECARTESIAN COORDINATE

Compensated path

Programmed path

Chapter: 3REFERENCE SYSTEMS

Section:1

Page

3. REFERENCE SYSTEMS

3.1 MACHINE REFERENCE (HOME) SEARCH (G74)

When programming G74 in a block, the CNC moves the axes to the machine referencepoint (home).

Two cases may occur:

a) Search on all the axes.

If the block only contains G74, the CNC first moves the axis perpendicular to theselected plane, that is:

The Z axis when in G17, the Y axis when in G18 and the X axis when in G19.

It then moves the axis of the plane.

b) Search on one axis only or on both axes in a particular order.

To home only one axis, indicate the desired axis after function G74.

To home both axes; but in a particular order, other than the one described in a),program G74 followed by the axes in the desired order.

A block containing G74 cannot have any other function.

When the homing axis (or axes) reaches home, the screen displays the distance from thatpoint to the last programmed part zero.

MACHINE REFERENCE(HOME) SEARCH (G74)


Page2

Section:

3.2 COORDINATE PRESET (G92)

By means of function G92, it is possible to preset any value for the CNC axes whichtranslates into being able to apply any zero offset.

When programming function G92, the axes do not move and the CNC assumes the axisvalues programmed after G92 as the new coordinates for those axes.

Programming format: N4 G92 X Y Z .

Programming example with X0 Y0 as the starting point:

Without using function G92:

N10 G00 G90 X100 Y100N20 X400

Using function G92:

N10 G92 X500 Y500 (Point P0 now becomes point X500 Y500)N20 G00 G90 X600 Y600N30 X900

The block containing G92 cannot have any other function.

The coordinate preset by G92 always refers to the current theoretical position of the axes.

COORDINATE PRESET (G92)


Section:3

Page

3.3 POLAR ORIGIN PRESET (G93)

By means of function G93, it is possible to preset any point as the origin of polarcoordinates.

There are two ways to preset a polar origin.

a) By setting the coordinates of the polar origin.

Format N4 G93 I±4.3 J±4.3 in mmN4 G93 I±3.4 K±3.4 in inches

N Block numberG93 Polar origin presetting codeI Abscissa value of the polar origin, X value (always an absolute value). That

is, the X value for the XY and XZ planes and the Y value for the YZ plane.J Ordinate value of the polar origin, Z value (always an absolute value). That

is, the Y value for the XY plane and the Z value for the XZ and YZ planes.

When using this polar origin presetting method, the CNC does not admit any otherinformation in the same block.

b) By assuming the current point as the new polar origin.

If in any block, a G93 is also programmed, it will mean that the new origin point willbe the current position before moving the axes to the position programmed in thatblock.

Atention:

When programming a circular interpolation with G02, G03, the CNCassumes the center of the arc as the new polar origin.

When switching main planes, the CNC assumes the cartesian coordinateorigin of the new main plane as the new polar origin. That is, X0 Y0 withG17, X0 Z0 with G18 and Y0 Z0 with G19.

On power-up or after an M02, M30, EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNCassumes the X0,Y0 point as the polar origin.

Next, two programming examples are being shown.

POLAR ORIGIN PRESET(G93)


Page4

Section:

P o l a rorigin

Polar origin

P1

P2

Programming example being X0 Y0 the starting point:

N0 G93 I200 J0 Point X200 Y0 has been defined as polar origin.N5 G01 R150 A90 F500 Linear interpolation (G01) up to point X200 Y150

Programming example being X0 Y0 the starting point:

N0 G93 G01 R200 A135 F500 Point X0 Y0 is now the polar origin and move to P1N5 R100 A90 Move in G01 to P2.

POLAR ORIGIN PRESET(G93)


Section:5

Page

3.4 ZERO OFFSETS (G53...G59)

By means of functions G53, G54, G55, G56, G57, G58 and G59, it is possible to operatewith 7 different zero offsets. These offset values are stored in the CNC memory and arereferred to machine reference zero (home).

To access the zero offset table (G53-G59), press

Once the table is displayed, it is possible to clear all the offsets by pressing:

Functions G53-G59 must be used to load a zero offset into the table or to apply one of themon the running program.

Loading a zero offset into the table.

Absolute value loading. To load the values set by X, Y, Z into the desired table address(G53-G59).

Format: N4 G53-G59 X±4.3 Y ±4.3 Z±4.3 in mm,N4 G53-G59 X±3.4 Y ±3.4 Z±3.4 in inches.

N Block numberG Zero offset code (G53 through G59)X X axis zero offset value, referred to home.Y Y axis zero offset value, referred to home.Z Z axis zero offset value, referred to home.

Incremental value loading. To increment the existing zero offset values (G53/G59)by a set amount (I, J, K).

Format: N4 G53-G59 I±4.3 J±4.3 K±4.3 in mm,N4 G53-G59 I±3.4 J±3.4 K±3.4 in inches.

N Block numberG Zero offset code (G53 through G59)I Amount to be added to the previously stored X axis zero offset valueI Amount to be added to the previously stored Y axis zero offset valueK Amount to be added to the previously stored Z axis zero offset value

Apply a particular pre-defined zero offset onto the running program.

Format: N4 G53-G59

It applies a zero offset, according to the values stored at the indicated table address(G53-G59) onto the program currently in execution.

ZERO OFFSET (G53...G59)


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Section:

Programming example where the starting point X0 Y0 is also part zero.

N1 G53 X0 Y0..................................... Load G53 zero offset into the tableN2 G54 X-40 Y-40 .............................. Load G54 zero offset into the tableN3 G55 X-30 Y10 ............................... Load G55 zero offset into the table

N10 G0 G90 X70 Y20N20 G1 Y35 F200N30 X60N40 G03 X60 Y20 I0 J-7,5N50 G01 X70 Y20N60 G54 ................................................ Applies G54N70 G25 N10.50.1N80 G55 ................................................ Applies G55N90 G25 N10.50.1N100 G53 ................................................ Applies G53 recovering the first part zero.N110 X0 Y0N120 M30

ZERO OFFSET (G53...G59)


Section:7

Page

3.5 STORE AND RETRIEVE CURRENT PART ZERO (G31, G32)

G31 : Store current Part Zero.G32 : Retrieve Part Zero previously stored by means of G31.

With G31, it is possible to store the current part zero at any time and retrieve it later onby using function G32.

This feature may prove useful whenever it is necessary to utilize several part zeros in thesame program since it allows to dimension part of the program with respect to one zero,store it with G31, change the part zero with G92 or G53-G59, dimension it with respectto the new part zero and, finally, recover the initial part zero with G32.Functions G31 and G32 must be programmed alone in the block. Their format is:

N4 G31 Store current Part ZeroN4 G32 Retrieve Part Zero previously stored by means of G31.

Programming example assuming that the tool is at X0 Y0 Z5:

N10 G00 G90 X-50 Y50 Position at the center of operation Nr.1N20 G20 N1.1 Run basic operation (subroutine N1)N30 X60 Y110 Position at the center of operation Nr. 2N40 G20 N1.1 Run basic operation (subroutine N1)N50 X35 Y-90 Position at the center of operation Nr. 3N60 G20 N1.1 Run basic operation (subroutine N1)N70 M30 End of program.

STORE AND RETRIEVEPART ZERO (G31, G32)


Page8

Section:STORE AND RETRIEVEPART ZERO (G31, G32)

N100 G22 N1 Basic operation (define subroutine N1)N110 G31 Store current origin point (part zero)N120 G92 X0 YON130 G1 Z-20 F350N140 X— Y—N—-N—-N—-N—-N—-N200 G0 Z5N210 G32 Recover pre-stored part zero.N220 G24 End of basic operation. End of subroutine.

1PageSection:

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONSChapter: 4

4. OTHER FUNCTIONS

4.1 FEEDRATE PROGRAMMING (F)

The axis feedrate is programmed with the letter "F" and its value depends on thecurrently selected work units, millimeters or inches, and type of feedrate, G94 orG95.

Metric programming:

Inch programming:

When operating in inches, we recommend setting machine parameter P615(6) to "1"so the programming units in G94 are in inches/minute.

P615(6) = 0 Programming format F1 = 0.1 inch/min.Maintaining compatibility with older versions which did not acceptdecimal feedrate values.

P615(6) = 1 Programming format F1 = 1 inch/min.

The machine’s actual maximum feedrate may be limited to a lower value (see instructionbook of the machine).

The machine’s maximum working feedrate can be programmed directly or by using codeF0.

Example: On a machine with a maximum programmable working feedrate of 10,000 mm/min. it makes no difference whether F10.000 or F0 is programmed.

The programmed feedrate F is effective when operating on linear interpolation (G01) orcircular interpolation (G02/G03). When not programming an F value, the CNC willassume F0. When in rapid positioning (G00), the machine will move in rapid regardlessof the F programmed.

FEEDRATE PROGRAMMING(F)

Format Programmingunits Minimum value Maximum value

F 5.4 F1= 1mm/min F0.0001 (0.0001 mm/min) F65535.000 (63535 mm/min)

P615(6) Format Programmingunits Minimum value Maximum value

P615(6)=0 F 5.4 F1= 0.1 inch/min F0.001(0.0001 inch/min)

F25801.1810(2580.1181 inch/min)

P615(6)=1 F 5.4 F1= 1 inch/min F0.0001(0.0001 inch/min)

F25801.1810(25801.1810 inch/min)

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONSPage Chapter: 4 Section:

2

The rapid traverse is set for each axis during the final adjustment of the machine, themaximum possible value being 65.535 m/min. (See instruction book of the machine).

The programmed feedrate can be varied between 0% and 120% or between 0% and 100%according to P606(2) by means of the knob on the front panel of the CNC. When G47 isactive, this knob is cancelled and the operation is carried out at 100% of the programmedF.

4.1.1 PROGRAMMABLE FEEDRATE OVERRIDE (G49)

By means of function G49, it is possible to indicate the override % to be applied on to theprogrammed feedrate.

When G49 is active, the Manual Feedrate Override switch of the operator panel has noeffect. The programming format is: G49 K (1/120)

"G49 K" is followed by the % amount to be applied as feedrate override which must bean integer between 1 and 120.

Function G49 is modal; that is, once the % has been programmed, it is maintained untilanother % value is programmed or this function is cancelled.

To cancel this function, program either "G49 K" or G49 alone.

This function is also cancelled when executing an M02, M30, RESET or EMERGENCY.

Function G49 K must be programmed alone in the block.

FEEDRATE PROGRAMMING(F)

3PageSection:


4.2 SPINDLE SPEED (S)

The spindle speed is programmed directly in rpm by means of the "S4" code.

Any integer value (non-decimal) between S0 and S9999 may be programmed. Thismaximum value is limited by the actual maximum value set for each particular machineby the corresponding machine parameter.

Consult the instructions manual for your particular machine.

The programmed spindle speed may be varied between 50% and 120% by the correspondingkeys of the CNC front panel.

When tapping or while function G47 is active, these keys are ignored (being the overridevalue set at 100% of the programmed spindle speed S)

SPINDLE SPEED (S)


4

4.3 TOOL PROGRAMMING (T)

This CNC offers a table of up to 100 tools (00-99) for tool radius and tool lengthcompensation.

The tool to be used is programmed by means of code: T2.2

The two digits to the left of the decimal point indicate the tool number to be selected.

The two decimals indicate the tool offset number to be applied.

Up to 100 tools (T0 through T99) and 100 tool offsets (Txx.0 through Txx.99) may beprogrammed.

The "T" function may be programmed in the following ways:

T2.2 The CNC selects the indicated tool and assumes the values of the indicated tooloffset.

T2 The CNC selects the indicated tool and assumes the values of the same offsetnumber as the indicated tool number. For example, "T19.19" may also beprogrammed as "T19".

T.2 The CNC does not change the tool but assumes the values of the indicated tooloffset number.

When programming G41 or G42, the CNC applies, as radius compensation, thecorresponding "R+I" value stored in the tool offset table (T00-T99).

When programming G43, the CNC applies, as tool length compensation, the corresponding"L+K" value stored in the tool offset table (T00-T99).

If no "T" has been programmed, the CNC applies the "T00" values corresponding to a toolwith zero dimensions.

Each address of the tool offset table contains the following fields:

R Tool radius ±1000.000 mm (±39.3700 inches).L Tool length ±1000.000 mm (±39.3700 inches).I Tool radius wear ±32.766 mm (±1.2900 inches).K Tool length wear ±32.766 mm (±1.2900 inches).

Atention:

If the manufacturer has associated a subroutine with the T function, nothingmust be programmed after the T function; otherwise, the CNC will issuethe corresponding error.

If the manufacturer has not associated any subroutine to the T function,every time a new tool is selected, the CNC outputs the code of the newtool, displays the message "TOOL CHANGE" (in English for alllanguages) and interrupts the execution of the program.

TOOL PROGRAMMING (T)

5PageSection:


4.3.1 LOADING TOOL DIMENSIONS INTO TOOL OFFSET TABLE(G50)

The different tool values can be entered in the table by using G50. There are twopossibilities:

a) Loading all the values.

It is possible to load the tool dimensions without having to do it by hand.

Metric format: N4 G50 T2 R±4.3 L±4.3 I±2.3 K±2.3.Inch format: N4 G50 T2 R±2.4 L±2.4 I±1.4 K±1.4.

The values defined by R, L, I, K are loaded in the tool offset table address identifiedby T2.

N4 - Block numberG50 - Tool offsets loading codeT - Tool offset table address (position)R - Tool radiusI - Tool radius wearL - Tool lengthK - Tool length wear

The values of R, L, I, K replace the values previously existing in the T2 address(position). If R and L are programmed and I, K are not, previous R and L values arereplaced by the new ones. The correction values I, K are set to zero.

b) Incremental modification of the I, K values.

It is possible to compensate for tool wear as they occur.

In metric: N4 G50 T2 I±2.3 K±2.3.In inches: N4 G50 T2 I±1.4 K±1.4.

The I,K values of the T2 address are modified.

N4 - Block numberG50 - Tool offsets loading codeT2 - Tool offset table addressI - Value to be added to or subtracted from the I value previously recorded.K - Value to be added to or subtracted from the K value previously recorded.

Atention:

A block containing the G50 code may not have any other type of informa-tion.

The tool radius compensation value will be R+I.

The tool length compensation value will be L+K.

TOOL PROGRAMMING (T)


6

4.4 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS (M)

The miscellaneous functions are programmed by means of the "M2" code.

Up to 96 different miscellaneous functions (M00 through M99) may be programmedexcept for M41, M42, M43, M44 implicit with the "S" code

The miscellaneous functions will be output either in BCD code (M00/M99) or in binarycode (M00/M254) depending on the setting of machine parameter P617(8).

The CNC also has 15 decoded outputs for miscellaneous functions. These outputs will beassigned to the required functions during the final adjustment of the CNC to the machine.

The miscellaneous functions which are not assigned a decoded output are alwaysperformed at the beginning of the block in which they are programmed.

In assigning a decoded output to a miscellaneous functions, a decision is also made as towhether it is to be performed at the beginning or at the end of the block in which it isprogrammed. Up to a maximum of seven miscellaneous functions may be programmedin one block.

When more than one miscellaneous function is programmed in a block, the CNC executesthem consecutively in the order in which they are programmed.

Some of these miscellaneous functions have an internal meaning assigned to them in theCNC.

M00. PROGRAM STOP

When the CNC reads code M00 in a block, it halts the program. Press the Cycle Start keyto continue.

It is recommended that this function be set in the table of decoded M functions so that itis executed at the end of the block in which it is programmed (see Installation and Startup Manual).

M01. CONDITIONAL PROGRAM STOP

Same as M00 except that the CNC only takes it into account if the conditional stop input(block skip) is activated.

M02. END OF PROGRAM

This code indicates end of program and performs a general reset function of the CNC (resetto initial conditions). It also acts as an M05.

As in the case of M00, it is recommended that this function be set so that it is executedat the end of the block in which it is programmed.

M30. END OF PROGRAM WITH RETURN TO THE BEGINNING

Same as M02 except that the CNC goes back to the first block at the beginning of theprogram. It also acts as an M05.

If machine parameter P609(3)=0, the CNC will output an M30 every time a RESET iscarried out.

MISCELLANEOUSFUNCTIONS (M)

7PageSection:


M03. CLOCKWISE START OF THE SPINDLE

It is recommended that this function be set so that it is executed at the beginning of theblock in which it is programmed.

M04. COUNTER-CLOCKWISE START OF THE SPINDLE

Same as M03 except that the spindle rotates in the opposite direction.

M05. SPINDLE STOP

It is recommended that this be set so that the CNC executes it at the end of the block inwhich it is programmed.

M10, M11. ASSOCIATED TO EXTERNAL DEVICE O1.M12, M13. ASSOCIATED TO EXTERNAL DEVICE O2.M14, M15. ASSOCIATED TO EXTERNAL DEVICE O3.

Codes associated to the keys corresponding to the external devices "O1", "O2" and "O3".Codes M10, M12 and M14 activate their corresponding outputs and codes M11, M13 andM15 deactivate them.

MISCELLANEOUSFUNCTIONS (M)


1PATH CONTROL

5. PATH CONTROL

5.1 ROUND CORNER (G05)

When operating in G05, the CNC starts executing the next block of the program as soonas the axes start decelerating to reach the target position programmed in the previousblock.

Therefore, the movements programmed in the next block are executed before the axesreach their target position programmed in the previous block.

Programming example being X50,Y30 thestarting point.:

N100 G91 G01 G05 Y70 F100N110 X90

As seen in the example, the corners appearrounded.

The difference between the theoretical path andthe real one depends on the actual axis feedrate.

The greater the feedrate, the greater the difference is between the theoretical and real paths(greater radius).

Function G05 is modal and incompatible with G07. Function G05 may also be programmedas G5.

5.2 SQUARE CORNER (G07)

When operating in G07, the CNC starts executing the next block of the program once theaxes have reached their target position programmed in the previous block.

Programming example being X50,Y30 thestarting point.:

N100 G91 G01 G05 Y70 F100N110 X90

The theoretical and real path are the same.

Function G07 is modal and incompatible withG05. Function G07 may also be programmed asG7.

On power-up, after executing M02, M30, an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNC assumesG07 if machine parameter P613(5)=1 and G05 if P613(5)=0.

ROUND CORNER (G05)SQUARE CORNER (G07)

Page Chapter: 5PATH CONTROL

Section:

2

5.3 RAPID POSITIONING (G00)

Movements programmed after G00 are carried out at the maximum speed set by thecorresponding machine parameters.

When two axes move simultaneously, the resulting path is a straight line from thebeginning point to the end point at the feedrate of the slower axis.

When programming G00, the last programmed F is not canceled. Therefore, whenprogramming G01, G02 or G03 afterwards, the CNC recovers that F and applies it.

Machine parameter P4 determines whether the Manual Feedrate Override (MFO) isignored being fixed at 100% or not, thus being able to apply between 0% and 100%override.

"G00" is modal and incompatible with G01, G02, G03 and G33.

"G00" may also be programmed as "G" or "G0".

On power-up, after executing M02, M30, an EMERGENCY or RESET, the CNC assumesG00.

RAPID POSITIONING (G00)


3PATH CONTROL

5.4 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)

When executing a G01, the programmed axes move in a straight line from the startingpoint to the end point at the programmed Feedrate "F".

The CNC calculates the feedrate for each axis so the resulting straight path is carried outat the programmed "F".


N100 G90 G01 X650 Y400 F150

By means of the "MFO" on the CNC keyboard, it is possible to override the programmed"F" between 0% and 120% or between 0% and 100% depending on the setting of machineparameter P606(2).

If machine parameter "P606(2)=0", while keeping the rapid jog key: p r e s s e d ,the CNC applies 200% of the programmed "F" to a G01 move.

The same thing occurs when activating the external CYCLE START input if machineparameter P609(7)=1.

"G01" is modal and incompatible with G00, G02 and G03.

"G01" may also be programmed as "G1".

On CNC power-up, after executing an M02/M30, after an EMERGENCY or RESET, theCNC assumes "G00".

LINEAR INTERPOLATION(G01)


Section:

4

5.5 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02, G03)

G02: Clockwise circular interpolation.G03: Counter-clockwise circular interpolation.

Movements programmed after a G02 or G03 follow a circular path at the programmedfeedrate.

The clockwise (G02) and counter-clockwise (G03) directions have been defined accordingto the following coordinate system:

This coordinate system is referred to the movement of the tool over the part.

The direction of G02 and G03 on the XZ plane can be changed by means of parameterP605(4).

If the direction of the axes is changed, the directions of G02 and G03 are reversed.

CIRCULARINTERPOLATION (G02, G03)


5PATH CONTROL

The programming format for a circular interpolation in cartesian coordinates is:

XY plane G17 G02 (G03) X±4.3 Y±4.3 I±4.3 J±4.3 F5.4XZ plane G18 G02 (G03) X±4.3 Z±4.3 I±4.3 K±4.3 F5.4YZ plane G19 G02 (G03) Y±4.3 Z±4.3 J±4.3 K±4.3 F5.4

Where: X X coordinate of the arc's end point..Y Y coordinate of the arc's end point..Z Z coordinate of the arc's end point..I Distance, along X, from the starting point to the arc center.J Distance, along Y, from the starting point to the arc center.K Distance, along Z, from the starting point to the arc center.Parameters I, J, K must always be defined, even when their values are 0.

The programming format for a circular interpolation in polar coordinates is:

XY plane G17 G02 (G03) A±3.3 I±4.3 J±4.3 F5.4XZ plane G18 G02 (G03) A±3.3 I±4.3 K±4.3 F5.4XZ plane G19 G02 (G03) A±3.3 J±4.3 K±4.3 F5.4

Where: A Angle of the arc's end point with respect to the its center.I Distance, along X, from the starting point to the arc center.J Distance, along Y, from the starting point to the arc center.K Distance, along Z, from the starting point to the arc center.Parameters I, J, K must always be defined, even when their values are 0.

The CNC takes the arc’s center as the new polar origin when carrying out a G02,G03circular interpolation.

The knob on the front panel of the CNC (M.F.O.) can be used to vary the programmedfeedrate F between 0% and 120% or between 0% and 100%, according to parameterP606(2).

If during a G02/G03 movement a Rapid Feed key is pressed, the movement willbe performed at twice the programmed feedrate if P606(2) is zero. The same thing willhappen when the external START input is activated if P609(7) is one.



Section:

6

Example 1:

CARTESIAN COORDINATES

G17 G02 G91 X26 Y26 I18 J8 G17 G02 G91 X26 Y-26 I8 J-18

POLAR COORDINATES

G17 G02 G91 A-138 I18 J8 G17 G02 G91 A- 138 I8 J-18

Example 2:

Cartesian coordinates:

N5 G90 G17 G03 X110 Y90 I0 J50 F150N10 X160 Y40 I50 J0



7PATH CONTROL

Polar coordinate values: N5 G90 G17 G03 A0 I0 J50 F150N10 A-90 I50 J0

or N5 G91 G17 G03 A90 I0 J50 F150N10 A90 I50 J0

or N5 G93 I60 J90N10 G90 G17 G03 A0 F150N15 G93 I160 J90N20 A-90

or N5 G93 I60 J90N10 G91 G17 G03 A90 F150N15 G93 I160 J90N20 A90

Example 3: Single block programming of a full circle.

Assuming that the starting point is X170 Y80

Cartesian coordinate values: N5 G90 G17 G02 X170 Y80 I-50 J0 F150

Polar coordinate values: N5 G90 G17 G02 A360 I-50 J0 F150

or N5 G93 I120 J80 (Definition of polar centre)N10 G17 G02 A360



Section:

8 CIRCULARINTERPOLATION (G02, G03)

5.5.1 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION BY PROGRAMMING THE ARCRADIUS

Format in mm: XY plane: G17 G02 (G03) X+/-4.3 Y+/-4.3 R+/-4.3 F5.4XZ plane: G18 G02 (G03) X+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 R+/-4.3 F5.4YZ plane: G19 G02 (G03) Y+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 R+/-4.3 F5.4

Format in inches: XY plane: G17 G02 (G03) X+/-3.4 Y+/-3.4 R+/-4.3 F4.5XZ plane: G18 G02 (G03) X+/-3.4 Z+/-3.4 R+/-4.3 F4.5YZ plane: G19 G02 (G03) Y+/-3.4 Z+/-3.4 R+/-4.3 F4.5

Where: G02(G03) Circular interpolation codeX X coordinate of the end pointY Y coordinate of the end pointZ Z coordinate of the end pointR Radius of the arc

This means that the circular interpolation may be programmed by means of the end pointand the arc radius instead of the arc center coordinates (I, K).

When the arc is smaller than 180º, the radius must be programmed with a positive sign andwith negative sign if otherwise.

Considering P0 as the starting point of the arc and P1 as the end point, four different arcsmay be defined with the same radius.

Depending on the direction of the circular interpolation G02 or G03 and the sign of theradius, the resulting arc programming formats are:

Arc 1 G02 X Y R -Arc 2 G02 X Y R +Arc 3 G03 X Y R +Arc 4 G03 X Y R -

Atention:

If a complete circle is programmed using any of these four formats, the CNCwill issue error 47 indicating that there are infinite solutions.


9PATH CONTROL

5.5.2 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION WITH ABSOLUTE CENTERCOORDINATES (G06)

By adding function G06 to a block containing a circular interpolation, it is possible to useabsolute coordinates for the arc center (I, J, K); that is, with respect to the part zero andnot referred to the arc's starting point.

"G06" is NOT MODAL. Therefore, it must be programmed every time the arc centercoordinates are to be absolute.

Programming example where X60 Y40 is the starting point:

Circular interpolation by programming the radius.

N5 G90 G17 G03 X110 Y90 R50 F150N10 X160 Y40 R50

Circular interpolation by programming the center in absolute coordinates:

N5 G90 G17 G06 G03 X110 Y90 I60 J90 F150N10 G06 X160 Y40 I160 J90



Section:

10

5.5.3 HELICAL INTERPOLATION

Helical interpolations can be programmed by using G02/G03. Helical interpolation isdefined as a circular interpolation on the main plane plus a simultaneous synchronizedlinear movement on the third axis. It is programmed as follows:

Cartesian coordinates

XY plane G02 (G03) X+/-4.3 Y+/-4.3 I+/-4.3 J+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 K4.3 F5.4XZ plane G02 (G03) X+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 I+/-4.3 K+/-4.3 Y+/-4.3 J4.3 F5.4YZ plane G02 (G03) Y+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 J+/-4.3 K+/-4.3 X+/-4.3 I4.3 F5.4

In the XY plane: XY. Coordinate values of the arc’s final point.IJ. Center coordinates referred to the arc’s initial point.Z. Final position on the Z axis.K. Helical pitch on the Z axis.

Polar coordinates

XY plane G02 (G03) A+/-3.3 I+/-4.3 J+/-4.3 Z+/-4.3 K4.3 F5.4XZ plane G02 (G03) A+/-3.3 I+/-4.3 K+/-4.3 Y+/-4.3 J4.3 F5.4YZ plane G02 (G03) A+/-3.3 J+/-4.3 K+/-4.3 X+/-4.3 I4.3 F5.4

Programming example where X0, Y0, Z0 is the starting point:

Cartesian coordinates

N10 G03 X0 Y0 I15 J0 Z50 K5 F150.

Polar coordinates

N10 G03 A180 I15 J0 Z50 K5 F150.

Atention:

When the program is executed in DRY RUN operation mode (4), with no realmachine movement, the tool path in a helical interpolation will be displayedneither on the graphic simulation nor when a ZOOM function is used.

HELICAL INTERPOLATION


11PATH CONTROL

In helical movements where the final position on the axis perpendicular to the main planeis reached before the circular interpolation on the main plane (Z on the XY plane) isfinished, the arc will end at the programmed coordinate value. From there to theprogrammed final point, the CNC will move the axes describing a straight line on a planeparallel to the main plane.

Programming example where X0, Y0, Z0 is the starting point:

N10 G03 X0 Y0 I15 J0 Z35 K10 F250

Atention:

When a circular (helical) interpolation is programmed with G02,G03, theCNC takes the arc’s center as the new polar origin.

HELICAL INTERPOLATION


Section:

12

5.6 ARC TANGENT TO PREVIOUS PATH (G08)

By means of function G08, it is possible to program an arc tangent to the previous pathwithout having to program its center coordinates (I, J, K).

The cartesian coordinate format is:

N4 G08 X±4.3 Y±4.3 in mmN4 G08 X±3.4 Y±3.4 in inches

N4 Block number.G08 Code for the arc tangent to previous path.X X coordinate of the end point of the arc.Y Y coordinate of the end point of the arc.

The polar coordinate format is:

N4 G08 R±4.3 A±4.3 in mmN4 G08 R±3.4 A±4.3 in inches

N4 Block numberG08 Code for the arc tangent to previous path.R Radius (with respect to the polar origin) of the arc's end point.A Angle (with respect to the polar origin) of the arc's end point.

Example:

Being X0 Y40 the starting point, program a straight line joined to an arc tangent toit and ending with another arc tangent to the previous arc.

N0 G90 G01 X70 F100N5 G08 X90 Y60N10 G08 X110 Y60

Since both arcs are tangent to eachother, the programming of theircenter coordinates (I,J) is notrequired.

If G08 is not used:

N100 G90 G01 X70 F100N105 G03 X90 Y60 I0 J20N110 G02 X110 Y60 I10 J0

"G08" is not modal, it only replaces G02 and G03 in the block containing it. It may beprogrammed whenever a tangential arc is desired. The previous path may be a straight lineor another arc.

Atention:

G08 cannot be used to draw a complete circle since there are infinitesolutions. The CNC will issue error 47 when attempting to do so.

ARC TANGENT TOPREVIOUS PATH (G08)


13PATH CONTROL

5.7 ARC DEFINED BY THREE POINTS (G09)

By means of function G09, it is possible to program an arc by defining the end point andan intermediate point (the starting point is the end point of the previous block or the currentposition of the axes).

In other words, any intermediate point may be programmed instead of the centercoordinates (I, K).

The cartesian coordinate format for the XY plane is:

N4 G09 X±4.3 Y±4.3 I±4.3 J±4.3

N4 Block numberG09 Code for arc defined by three pointsX X coordinate of the arc's end pointY Y coordinate of the arc's end pointI X coordinate of an intermediate point of the arcJ Y coordinate of an intermediate point of the arc

The polar coordinate format for the XY plane is:

N4 G09 R±4.3 A±4.3 I±4.3 J±4.3

N4 Block numberG09 Code for arc defined by three pointsR Radius of the arc's end point (with respect to the polar origin)A Angle of the arc's end point (with respect to the polar origin)I X coordinate of an intermediate point of the arcJ Y coordinate of an intermediate point of the arc

As can be observed here, the intermediate point must always be expressed in cartesiancoordinates.

Programming example where X-50 Y0 is the starting point:

N10 G09 X35 Y20 I15 J25

"G09" is not modal. The direction of the arc (G02 or G03) is not required whenprogramming G09.

"G09" only replaces "G02" and "G03" in the block containing it.

Atention:

A complete circle cannot be drawn by using "G09" since all three points mustbe different. The CNC will issue error 40 when attempting to do so.

ARC DEFINED BY 3 POINTS(G09)


Section:

14

5.8 TANGENTIAL ENTRY (G37)

By means of function "G37", it is possible to link two paths tangentially without havingto calculate the intersection points.

"G37" is not modal and, therefore, must be programmed every time the tangential linkbetween two paths is desired. These paths may be: straight-to-straight or straight-to-curve. "G37" must be followed by the radius of the entry arc (R4.3 in mm or R3.4 ininches).

The radius value must always be positive.

"G37 R" must be programmed in the linear movement to be affected by it (either a G00or a G01).

If "G37 R" is programmed in a circular interpolation (G02 or G03), the CNC will issueerror 41.

Example:

N0 G90 G01 X40 Z40 F100N5 G02 X60 Y10 I20 J0

Same example applying a tangential entry with a 5mm radius:

N0 G90 G01 G37 R5 X40 F100N5 G02 X60 Y10 I20 J0

As can be seen in the diagram, the CNC modifies the path of block N0 so that the tool startsmachining with a tangential entry to the part.

TANGENTIAL ENTRY (G37)


15PATH CONTROL

5.9 TANGENTIAL EXIT (G38)

By means of function "G38", it is possible to link two paths tangentially without havingto calculate the intersection points.

"G38" is not modal and, therefore, must be programmed every time the tangential linkbetween two paths is desired. These paths may be: straight-to-straight or curve-to-straight. "G38" must be followed by the radius of the entry arc (R4.3 in mm or R3.4 ininches).

The radius value must always be positive.

"G38 R" must be programmed in the block prior to the linear one (either a G00 or a G01)being affected by it .

If the next programmed path, after the one containing "G38 R", is an arc (G02 or G03),the CNC will issue error 42.

Example:

N0 G90 G01 X40 F100N5 G02 X80 Y30 I20 J0N10 G00 X120

Same example applying a tangential exit with a 5mm radius:

N0 G90 G01 X40 F100N5 G90 G02 G38 R5 X80 Y30 I20 J0N10 G00 X120

TANGENTIAL EXIT (G38)


Section:

16

5.10 AUTOMATIC RADIUS BLEND (G36)

On turning operations, it is possible to round corners (blend paths) with a particular radiuswithout the need to calculate the center of the arc or its starting and end points, simply byusing function G36.

"G36" is not modal and, therefore, must be programmed every time this feature is desired.

The blending radius is programmed by R4.3 in mm or R3.4 in inches and it must be apositive value.

Example 1:

Starting point: X20 Y20

N50 G90 G01 G36 R5 X35 Y60 F100N60 X50 Y0

Example 2:


N50 G90 G03 G36 R5 X50 Y50 I0 J30 F100N60 G01 X50 Y0

AUTOMATIC RADIUSBLEND (G36)


17PATH CONTROL CHAMFER (G39)

5.11 CHAMFER (G39)

On turning operations, it is possible to chamfer the intersection of two straight lines byusing function G39 without having to calculate the intersection point.

"G39" is not modal and, therefore, must be programmed every time a chamfer is desired.This function must be programmed in the block whose end is to be chamfered.

A positive value of R4.3 in mm or R3.4 in inches, sets the chamfer distance from theintersection point.

Example:


N0 G90 G01 G39 R15 X35 Y60 F100N10 X50 Y0

PageSection:1ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS

Chapter: 6

6. ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS

6.1 DWELL (G04)

By means of function "G04", it is possible to program a dwell (delay).

The amount of dwell time is indicated by the letter "K".

Example: G04 K0.05 => 0.05 second dwellG04 K2.5 => 2.5 second dwell

When "K" is followed by a figure, it can be a value between 0 and 99.99 seconds whereaswhen followed by an arithmetic parameter (KP3) this parameter value may be between 0and 655.35 seconds.

The dwell is executed at the beginning of the block containing it. "G04" may also beprogrammed as "G4".

DWELL (G04)

Page Chapter: 6ADDITIONAL PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS

Section:

2

6.2. MIRROR IMAGE

G10: Cancellation of mirror imageG11: Mirror image on the X axisG12: Mirror image on the Y axisG13: Mirror image on the Z axis

When the CNC operates on G11,G12,G13 it executes the movements programmed onX,Y,Z with the sign reversed.

Functions G11,G12,G13 are modal; i.e. once programmed they remain active until G10is programmed.

Functions G11,G12,G13 can all be programmed in the same block, since they are notincompatible with each other.

Example:

a) N5 G91 G01 X30 Y30 F100N10 Y60N12 X20 Y-20N15 X40N20 G02 X 0 Y-40 I 0 J-20N25 G01 X-60N30 X-30 Y-30

b) N35 G11N40 G25 N5.30

c) N45 G10 G12N50 G25 N5,30

MIRROR IMAGEG10, G11, G12, G13


Chapter: 6

d) N55 G11 G12N60 G25 N5.30N65 M30

Example 2:

N10 X— Y—N20 ' 'N30 ' 'N40 ' 'N50 ' 'N60 G11 G12N70 G25 N10.50N80 M30

If mirror imaging is programmed while G73 (pattern rotation) is active the CNC will applymirror image first and then the rotation.

The CNC assumes G10 on being turned ON, after executing M02,M30 or after anEMERGENCY or RESET.

MIRROR IMAGEG10, G11, G12, G13


Section:

4

6.3 DISPLAY AN ERROR CODE (G30)

As soon as the CNC reads a block containing the "G30" code, interrupts the runningprogram and displays the indicated error.

Programming format: N4 G30 K2

N4 Block numberG30 Error programming codeK2(0-99) Error code number to be displayed

The error code may also be programmed by an arithmetic parameter between P0 and P255.For example: N4 G30 KP123.

This code, in combination with G26, G27, G28 and G29, permits interrupting the programand detecting possible measuring errors, etc.

A block containing "G30" cannot have any other information.

Atention:

When wishing the CNC's own error code comments NOT to appear on thescreen, the error code number to be displayed by "G30" must be greater thanthose used by the CNC.

Remember that the operator may write comments in the program and theCNC will display them when executing the corresponding block.

DISPLAY AN ERROR CODE(G30)


Chapter: 6

6.4 UNCONDITIONAL JUMP / CALL (G25)

Function "G25" may be used to jump from one block to another within the same program.The block containing "G25" may not contain any other information. There are twoprogramming formats.

Format a) N4 G25 N4

N4 Block numberG25 Unconditional jump codeN4 Block number jumping to

When the CNC reads this block, the program "jumps" to the indicated block andcontinues its execution from there on.

Example: N0 G00 X100N5 Z50N10 G25 N50N15 X50N20 Z70N50 G01 X20

When reaching block N10, the CNC skips blocks N15 and N20 continuing from N50to the end of the program.

Format b) N4 G25 N4.4.2

N4 Block numberG25 Unconditional jump codeN4.4.2

Number of repetitionsNumber of the last block to be executedNumber of the block jumping to

When the CNC reads a block of this type, jumps to the block defined between "N" andthe first period.

Executes the program portion between this block and the one defined between the twoperiods as many times as indicated by the last figure.

This last figure may be between 0 and 99. However, if an arithmetic parameter is usedto define it, its value may be between 0 and 255.

When writing only N4.4, the CNC will execute this program section only once (sameas for: N4.4.1)

Once the CNC has completed the last repetition of the section, it returns to the blockfollowing the one containing "G25 N4.4.2 "

UNCONDITIONALJUMP/CALL (G25)


Section:

6

Example: N0 G00 X10N5 Z20N10 G01 X50 M3N15 G00 Z0N20 X0N25 G25 N0.20.8N30 M30

When reaching "N25", the CNC jumps to "N0" and executes the section "N0 throughN20" eight times. It, then, returns to "N30".

The preparatory functions corresponding to the conditional jumps/calls (G26, G27, G28,G29 and G30) will be described in the section regarding PARAMETRICPROGRAMMING, OPERATIONS WITH PARAMETERS later on in this manual.

UNCONDITIONALJUMP/CALL (G25)


Chapter: 6

6.5 SCALING FACTOR (G72)

G72 allows the machining of parts of similar shape but different size using the sameprogram.

G72 must be programmed alone in a block. There are two different methods ofprogramming G72.

6.5.1 SCALING FACTOR APPLIED ONTO ALL AXES

Programming format: N4 G72 K2.4 N4 Block numberG72 Scaling codeK2.4 Value of the scaling factor

Min. value K0.0001 (x 0.0001)Max. value K100 (x 100)

Tool radius and length compensation are possible with this scaling mode.

All coordinate values programmed after G72 will be multiplied by K until the scaling iscancelled by K=1, or after M02,M30, EMERGENCY or RESET.

Example:Starting point is X-30 Y10

N10 G00 G90 X-19 Y0N20 G01 X0 Y10 F150N30 G02 X0 Y-10 I0 J-10N40 G01 -19 Y0N45 G31...................................................(Store datum point)N50 G92 X-79 Y-30 .............................. (Change datum point)N60 G72 K2 .......................................... (Apply Scaling factor 2)N70 G25 N10.40.1N80 G72 K1............................................ (Cancel scaling factor)N85 G32 ................................................. (Retrieve original datum point)N90 G0 X-30 Y10 ................................ (Return to initial point)N100 M30 ...............................................(End of program)

SCALING FACTOR (G72)


Section:

8

6.5.2 SCALING FACTOR APPLIED ONLY ONTO ONE AXIS

Programming format:

N4 G72 V,W,X,Y,Z 2.4 N4: Block numberG72: Function which defines the scale factorX,Y,Z: Axis to which the scale factor is applied.2.4: Scaling factor value (betweem 0.0001 and 15.9999)

In this case the axis to which the scale factor is applied must be at the zero point (value0) when the factor is applied or cancelled.

The coordinate value of the axis affected must be zero when G72 is applied. When thescaling factor affects only one axis, the coordinate values of the datum point cannot bealtered by functions such as G32, G92 or G53 through G59.

Tool radius compensation will also be affected by the scaling factor applied to the axis.

If, within the same program, both scaling methods are used, the CNC will apply to the axisaffected by both methods a factor equal to the multiplication of both values.

When checking a program in graphic mode, the graphic being displayed is not affected byany scaling factor. Therefore, when the scaling factor is applied to one axis only, the valuesand graphics displayed will represent the programmed values.

The scaling function is cancelled by applying a factor of 1, after M02,M30, EMER-GENCY or RESET. If an scaling factor is entered, any preceding factor is automaticallycancelled, regardless of the axis affected.

SCALING FACTOR (G72)


Chapter: 6

6.6 PATTERN ROTATION (G73)

This feature allows the rotation of the coordinate axes around the part program’s datumpoint on the main plane.

Programming format: N4 G73 A+/-3.3

N4 - Block numberG73 - Pattern rotation codeA+/-3.3 - Rotation angle (between 0º and 360º)

G73 is incremental, i.e., if more than one G73 is programmed. Their respective "A" valueswill be added together.

G73 must be programmed alone in a block.

Pattern rotation is cancelled with: G17, G18, G19, G73 (without an "A" value). An M02,M30, EMERGENCY or RESET.

While G73 is active, blocks defining a point by one angle plus an absolute (G90) cartesiancoordinate are not possible.


N10 G01 X21 Y0 F300N20 G02 A0 I5 J0N30 G03 A0 I5 J0N40 A180 I-10 J0N50 G73 A45N60 G25 N10.50.7N70 M30

PATTERN ROTATION (G73)


Section:

10

6.7 SINGLE-BLOCK TREATMENT. ON (G47), OFF (G48)

This CNC considers a "single block" the section of a program contained between a G47and a G48.

After executing function G47, the CNC executes all the following blocks in a row untila G48 is detected.

When pressing the key while executing a "Single-Block" block, either in Automaticor block by block, the CNC goes on executing all the following blocks until a G48 isexecuted.

While function G47 is active, the Manual Feedrate Override switch as well as the spindlespeed override keys are ignored, thus that section of the program is executed at 100% ofthe programmed "F" and "S".

Functions G47 and G48 are modal and incompatible with each other.

On CNC power-up, after executing an M02/M30, after an EMERGENCY or RESET, theCNC assumes G48.

SINGLE-BLOCKTREATMENT

(G47, G48)

TOOL COMPENSATIONSection:Chapter: 7 Page

1

7. TOOL COMPENSATION

7.1 TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION

In normal milling work the path of the tool has to be calculated and defined taking its radiusinto account so as to obtain the required dimensions of the part produced.

Tool radius compensation enables the contour of the part to be programmed directlywithout taking the dimensions of the tool into account.

The CNC automatically calculates the path to be followed by the tool, based on the contourof the part and the tool radius value stored in the tool table.

There are three preparatory functions for tool radius compensation:

G40 : Cancellation of tool radius compensationG41 : Left hand tool radius compensationG42 : Right hand tool radius compensation

G41. The tool is on the left of the part as seen from the direction of movement.

G42. The tool is on the right of the part as seen from the direction of movement.

The CNC has a table of up to 100 pairs of values for tool radius compensation. R identifiesthe tool radius and I the tool wear. The CNC will add (or subtract) the value of I to the valueof R.

The maximum compensation values are: R ±1000 mm or ±39.3699 inchesI ±32.766 mm or ±1.2900 inches

The compensation values must be stored in the tool table (operating mode 8) beforestarting the machining or else at the beginning of a part program by means of G50.

The values of I,K can also be checked and modified without stopping the cycle’sexecution (See Operation Manual).

Once the plane in which the compensation is to be applied has been determined by codesG17,G18,G19 the compensation is made effective by means of G41 or G42 and acquiresthe table value selected by code Txx.xx (Txx.00-Txx.99).

Functions G41 and G42 are modal (maintained) and are cancelled by G40, G74, G81,G82, G83, G84, G85, G86, G87, G88, G89, M02 and M30 and by EMERGENCY orRESET.

RADIUS COMPENSATIONG40, G41, G42

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION2

Page Section:RADIUS COMPENSATION

ON - G41, G42

7.1.1 SELECTION AND ACTIVATION OF RADIUS COMPENSATION(G41, G42)

Once G17, G18 or G19 has been used to select the plane in which tool radiuscompensation is to be applied, the code G41 or G42 must be used to initiate compensation.

G41: The tool remains to the left of the part in the machining direction.

G42: The tool remains to the right of the part in the machining direction.

Either the block in which G41/G42 is programmed or a previous block must includeprogramming of function Txx.xx (Txx.00-Txx.99) to select from the tool table thecorrection value to be applied. If no tool is selected, the CNC assumes the value T00.00.

Tool radius compensation selection (G41/G42) can only be carried out when G00 or G01(rectilinear movements) is active. If the first call for compensation is made when G02 orG03 are active, the CNC will display error code 40.

The next pages illustrate various cases of initiation of tool radius compensation.


3RADIUS COMPENSATIONON - G41, G42

STRAIGHT-STRAIGHT PATH

Programmed path

Compensated path

Path programmedin two blocks

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION4


ON - G41, G42

STRAIGHT-CURVE PATH

Programmed path

Compensated path


5

Special cases to be considered

a). If compensation is programmed in a block in which there is no movement, theinitiation of the compensation differs from the case explained above (compare withdiagram in section on straight/straight path).

N0 G91 G41 G01 T00.00N5 Y-100N10 X+100

b). If compensation is entered with zero movement programming:

N0 G91 G01 X100 Y100N5 G41 X0 T00.00N10 Y-100

RADIUS COMPENSATIONON - G41, G42

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION6


G41, G42

7.1.2 OPERATING WITH TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION

The graphs below illustrate the various paths followed by a tool controlled by a CNCprogrammed with radius compensation.


7RADIUS COMPENSATIONG41, G42

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION8


G41, G42

When the CNC operates with tool radius compensation, it reads four blocks ahead of theblock being executed so that it can calculate in advance the path to be followed.

There are certain cases in which particular care has to be taken.

For instance: Three or more blocks which do not include movement in the compensationplane, between blocks which do.

N0 G01 G91 G17 G41 X50 Y50 F100 T1.1N5 Y100N10 X200N15 Z100N20 M07N25 Z200N30 Y-100

Error 35 will be displayed at point (1). Only blocks containing G20, G21, G22, G23, G24,G25,G26,G27,G28 or G29 can be programmed and they will not originate error 35 as theywill not have a block without movement.


9RADIUS COMPENSATIONOFF - G40

7.1.3 CANCELLATION OF TOOL RADIUS COMPENSATION

Tool radius compensation is cancelled by function G40.

It should be borne in mind that tool radius compensation cancellation (G40) can only becarried out in a block in which a rectilinear movement is programmed (G00,G01).

If G40 is programmed in a block containing G02 or G03, the CNC will give alarm 40.

The following is series of various cases of cancellation of compensation.

CURVE - STRAIGHT PATH

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION10


OFF - G40

STRAIGHT-STRAIGHT PATH

Compensated path

Programmed path

Path programmedin two blocks


11RADIUS COMPENSATION(Examples)

7.1.4 MACHINING EXAMPLES WITH TOOL RADIUSCOMPENSATION

Example 1

Tool radius : 10 mm.Tool number : T1.1

It is assumed that there are no movements on the Z axis.

N0 G92 X0 Y0 Z0N5 G90 G17 S100 T1.1 M03N10 G41 G01 X40 Y30 F125N15 Y70N20 X90N25 Y30N30 X40N35 G40 G00 X0 Y0 M30

Compensated path

Programmed path(profile of the part)

Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION12

Page Section:

Example 2

Tool radius: 10 mm.Tool number: T1.1


N0 G92 X0 Y0 Z0N5 G90 G17 G01 F150 S100 T1.1 M03N10 G42 X30 Y30N15 X50N20 Y60N25 X80N30 X100 Y40N35 X140N40 X120 Y70N45 X30N50 Y30N55 G40 G00 X0 Y0 M30

RADIUS COMPENSATION(Examples)

Compensated path



13RADIUS COMPENSATION(Examples)

Example 3

Tool radius: 10 mm.Tool number: T1.1


N0 G92 X0 Y0 Z0N5 G90 G01 G17 F150 S100 T1.1 M03N10 G42 X20 Y20N15 X50 Y30N20 X70N25 G03 X85 Y45 I0 J15N30 G02 X100 Y60 I15 J0N35 G01 Y70N40 X55N45 G02 X25 Y70 I-15 J0N50 G01 X20 Y20N55 G40 G00 X0 Y0 M05 M30

Compensated path


Chapter: 7

TOOL COMPENSATION14

Page Section:LENGTH COMPENSATION

(G43, G44)

7.2 TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION

This function makes it possible to compensate for possible differences in length betweenthe tool programmed and the tool to be used.

As previously indicated in the section on tool radius compensation, the CNC has storagecapacity for dimensions, radius and length of 100 tools (Txx.oo- Txx.99).

L identifies the tool length and K the tool wear. The CNC will add (or subtract) the valueof K to the value of L.

The maximum length compensation values are:

L±1000 mm or ±39.3699 inches K±32.766 mm (1.2900 inches).

The call codes for length compensation are:

G43 : Length compensationG44 : Cancellation of length compensation

When G43 is programmed, the CNC compensates the length according to the valueselected from the tool table (Txx.00-Txx.99).

Length compensation is applied to the axis perpendicular to the principal plane.

G17 : Length compensation on the Z axisG18 : Length compensation on the Y axisG19 : Length compensation on the X axis

Function G43 is modal (persistent) and is cancelled by G44, G74, M02, M30,EMERGENCY or RESET.

Length compensation can be used in conjunction with canned cycles, although in that casethe precaution has to be taken of applying the compensation before the cycle starts.


15LENGTH COMPENSATION(G43, G44)

Example of tool length compensation

It is supposed that the tool used is 4 mm shorter than the tool programmed.

The tool number is T1.1 (the value stored in the tool table is L-4).

N0 G92 X0 Y0 Z0N5 G91 G00 G05 X50 Y35 S500 M03N10 G43 Z-25 T1.1N15 G01 G07 Z-12 F100N20 G00 Z12N25 X40N30 G01 Z-17N35 G00 G05 G44 Z42 M05N40 G90 G07 X0 Y0N45 M30

Chapter: 8 Page1

Section:MACHINING CANNED CYCLES

8. MACHINING CANNED CYCLES

This CNC offers the following machining canned cycles:

G67 N0 & P202=K0 Point to point positioning canned cycleG67 N0 & P202=K1 Straight-line positioning canned cycleG67 N0 & P202=K2 Rectangular pattern positioning canned cycleG67 N0 & P202=K3 Grid pattern positioning canned cycleG67 N0 & P202=K4 Bolt-hole pattern (arc pattern) positioning canned cycleG67 N1 & P202=K0 Inside milling canned cycle for a rectangular pocketG67 N1 & P202=K1 Inside milling canned cycle for a circular pocketG67 N2 & P202=K0 Outside milling canned cycle for a rectangular pocketG67 N2 & P202=K1 Outside milling canned cycle for a circular pocketG67 N3 Surface milling canned cycleG67 N4 Corner roughing canned cycleG67 N6 Drilling canned cycleG67 N7 Tapping canned cycleG67 N8 Boring / Reaming canned cycleG67 N9 Center-punching canned cycle

Parameters related to the canned cycles:

The canned cycle can alter the contents of parameters P0 through P99.

Parameters P200 through P209 are reserved for the CNC and some of them, asdescribed next, have a special meaning.

On power-up, after a Reset and when quitting the execution of program P99996, theCNC updates the following arithmetic parameters:

P200 The Z axis is set as being controlled by the CNC (0) or as a DRO axis (1)P201 Work units (0=mm, 1=inches)P209 Z axis interpolations are possible (0) or not (1)

When programming the canned cycles, if the parameter value is a constant, press Kafter the "=" sign. For example: P0 = K25 ......

Chapter: 8

MACHINING CANNED CYCLES

Section:

8.1 POINT TO POINT POSITIONING (G67 N0 & P202=K0)

Basic canned cycle defining parameters:

P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinate of 1st pointP112, P113 X, Y coordinate of 2nd pointP114, P115 X, Y coordinate of 3rd pointP116, P117 X, Y coordinate of 4th pointP118, P119 X, Y coordinate of 5th pointP120, P121 X, Y coordinate of 6th pointP122, P123 X, Y coordinate of 7th pointP124, P125 X, Y coordinate of 8th point

Feedrate (F) related parameters:

P205 Currently selected machining feedrate value (F) .

When running a canned cycle, it is recommended to set this parameter whenever a newfeedrate is selected.

Example for setting a feedrate of F100:

P205 = K100 Sets parameter P205 to the desired feedrate value (100).FP205 Selects the feedrate value indicated by P205

Programming example:

N10 P205=K100 .................................... Set the machining feedrateN20 FP205

N30 P106=K1 ........................................ Parameters for straight-line positioningP110=K10 P111=K10.................... Coordinates of the 1st pointP112=K60 P113=K15.................... Coordinates of the 2nd pointP114=K25 P115=K30.................... Coordinates of the 3rd pointP116=K25 P117=K30.................... No more points

N40 P202=K0 ........................................ Indicative of "point-to-point positioning"N50 G67 N0........................................... Call a canned cycle

N60 M30 ................................................ End of program

POINT-TO-POINTPOSITIONING

Chapter: 8 Page3


8.2 STRAIGHT-LINE POSITIONING (G67 N0 & P202=K1)

Basic cycle defining parameters:

P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of starting point (X1, Y1). It must always be definedP112, P113 X, Y coordinates of the end point (Xn, Yn)P130 Length (L)P131 Steps between points (I)P132 Number of points (N)P133 Path angle (A)

Use one of the methods below to define the desired path:

Set (L, A, N) ....................................... Parameters P130, P133, P132.Set (L, A, I) ........................................ Parameters P130, P133, P131.Set (Xn, Yn, L=0, N) ......................... Parameters P112, P113, P130=K0, P132.Set (Xn, Yn, L=0, I)........................... Parameters P112, P113, P130=K0, P131.Set (I, N, A) ....................................... Parameters P131, P132, P133 In the latter, set: L=0, Xn=X1, Yn=Y1.


P205 Currently selected feedrate value (F).

When running a canned cycle, it is recommended to set this parameter whenever a newfeedrate is selected. Example for setting a feedrate of F100:


Definition example:

Either one of the following formats may be used:

P110=K P111=K P130=K60 P133=K30 P132=K4P110=K P111=K P130=K60 P133=K30 P131=K20P110=K P111=K P112=K51.961 P113=K30 P130=K P132=K4P110=K P111=K P112=K51.961 P113=K30 P130=K P131=K20P110=K P111=K P112=K P113=K P130=K P131=K20 P132=K4 P133=K30

STRAIGHT-LINEPOSITIONING

Chapter: 8


Section:RECTANGULAR PATTERN

POSITIONING

8.3 RECTANGULAR PATTERN POSITIONING (G67 N0 & P202=K2)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinate of the first point (X1, Y1). It must always be setP130 Length along X (Lx)P131 Step between points along X (Ix)P132 Number of points along X (Nx)P134 Length along Y (Ly)P135 Step between points along Y (Iy)P136 Number of points along Y(Ny)P133 Path angle (A). It must always be setP137 Angle between paths (B). It must always be set

For both movements to be parallel to X and Y, set:

P133=K0 ........... A=0P137=K90 ......... B=90

To define each path, use one of the following methods:

Set (L, N) ............................................ Parameters P130, P132 & P134, P136Set (L, I)............................................. Parameters P130, P131 & P134, P135Set (I, N) ............................................ Parameters P131, P132 & P135, P136





Chapter: 8 Page5


8.4 GRID PATTERN POSITIONING (G67 N0 & P202=K3)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinate of the first point (X1, Y1). It must always be setP130 Length along X (Lx)P131 Step between points along X (Ix)P132 Number of points along X (Nx)P134 Length along Y (Ly)P135 Step between points along Y (Iy)P136 Number of points along Y(Ny)P133 Path angle (A). It must always be setP137 Angle between paths (B). It must always be set

For both movements to be parallel to X and Y, set:

P133=K0 ........... A=0P137=K90 ......... B=90

To define each path, use one of the following methods:

Set (L, N) ............................................ Parameters P130, P132 & P134, P136Set (L, I)............................................. Parameters P130, P131 & P134, P135Set (I, N) ............................................ Parameters P131, P132 & P135, P136





GRID PATTERNPOSITIONING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.5 BOLT-HOLE (ARC) PATTERN POSITIONING (G67 N0 & P202=K4)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of the first point (X1, Y1)P138, P139 X, Y coordinates of the center (Xc, Yc). It must always be setP141 Arc radius (R)P140 Angle of the first point (A)P132 Number of points (N). It must always be setP142 Angular step between points (B). It must always be set

The angular step "B" is always given in degrees and indicates the moving direction.With a negative value for clockwise and positive for counter-clockwise.

For a full circle, program B0. The moving direction will be counter-clockwise.

To set the starting point, use one of the following methods:

Set (R, A) ............................................ Parameters P141, P140Set (X1, Y1, R=0) .............................. Parameters P110, P111, P141=K0





BOLT-HOLE PATTERNPOSITIONING

Chapter: 8 Page7


8.6 INSIDE RECTANGULAR POCKET MACHINING (G67 N1 & P202=K0)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of the first point (corner X1, Y1)P146 Length of the pocket (L). The sign indicates the machining direction.

P147 Pocket width (H)P150 Rounding radius (r)P151 Chamfer (C)

For a pocket with rounded corners, set "C0" and assign to "r" the desiredrounding radius.

For a pocket with chamfered corners, set "r0" and assign to "C" the distancefrom the theoretical corner.

When making a regular pocket, without roundings or chamfers, program "r0"and "C0".

P148 Machining pass (G). When programmed as 0, the CNC assumes avalue 0.75 times the tool diameter.

INSIDE RECTANGULARPOCKET MILLING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8


Section:

P149 Finishing pass (E). When programmed as 0, no finishing pass iscarried out.

P198 % of feedrate F used for the finishing pass (%F).When set to 0, the finishing pass is carried out at the same feedrate asthe one used for the roughing passes.

P133 Pocket angle (A)

Parameters related to the Z axis:

These parameters are to be set when the Z axis has been set as being controlled by the CNC.Machine parameter "P617(4)=0".

P107 Z coordinate where the pocket is to be milled outP108 Pocket depth (P)P109 Penetration step (in-feed) (I)P199 % of the feedrate F used to in-feed the Z axis (%F Z)

When set to 0, The in-feed is performed at the selected feedrate.





INSIDE RECTANGULARPOCKET MILLING

Chapter: 8 Page9


8.7 INSIDE CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING (G67 N1 & P202=K1)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of the pocket center (Xc, Yc)P141 Radius of the pocket (R). The sign indicates the machining direction.


INSIDE CIRCULAR POCKETMILLING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8


Section:











INSIDE CIRCULAR POCKETMILLING

Chapter: 8 Page11


8.8 OUTSIDE RECTANGULAR POCKET MILLING (G67 N2 & P202=K0)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of the first point (corner X1, Y1)P146 Length of the pocket (L). The sign indicates the machining direction.

P147 Pocket width (H)P150 Rounding radius (r)P151 Chamfer (C)

For a pocket with rounded corners, set "C0" and assign to "r" the desiredrounding radius.

For a pocket with chamfered corners, set "r0" and assign to "C" the distancefrom the theoretical corner.

When making a regular pocket, without roundings or chamfers, program "r0"and "C0".


OUTSIDE RECTANGULARPOCKET MILLING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8


Section:

P152 Excess material, both along X and along Y (Q).



P133 Pocket angle (A)









OUTSIDE RECTANGULARPOCKET MILLING

Chapter: 8 Page13


8.9 OUTSIDE CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING (G67 N2 & P202=K1)


P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinates of the pocket center (Xc, Yc)P141 Radius of the pocket (R). The sign indicates the machining direction.



P152 Excess material, both along X and Y (Q).






OUTSIDE CIRCULARPOCKET MILLING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8


Section:





OUTSIDE CIRCULARPOCKET MILLING

Chapter: 8 Page15


8.10 SURFACE MILLING (G67 N3)

This CNC offers 4 types of surface milling. Use arithmetic parameter P202 to choose aparticular one.

These surface milling types are:

P202=K0 Bidirectional milling on X

P202=K1 Bidirectional milling on Y

P202=K2 Unidirectional milling on X

SURFACE MILLING

Z SAF

Z SAF

Z SAF

Chapter: 8


Section:

P202=K3 Unidirectional milling on Y

Basic cycle defining parameters

P106 Safety distance along ZP202 Milling typeP110, P111 X, Y coordinate of the first point (corner X1, Y1)P146 Length of the surface to be milled (L). In unidirectional milling, the

sign indicates the machining direction.P147 Width of the surface to be milled (H). In unidirectional milling, the

sign indicates the machining direction.

P148 Step between two consecutive passes (G). When set to 0, the CNCassumes 0.75 times the tool diameter.

P152 Tool overshoot distance on each side of the part for better part finishon the edges (E)

SURFACE MILLING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8 Page17




P107 Z coordinate where the part is to be milled off.P108 Milling depth (P)P109 Penetration step (in-feed) (I)P199 % of the feedrate F used to in-feed the Z axis (%F Z)






SURFACE MILLING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.11 CORNER ROUGHING (G67 N4)

With this CNC, it is possible to rough out sharp, rounded or chamfered corners as shownbelow:


P154 Machining direction.

P106 Safety distance along ZP110, P111 X, Y coordinate of the inside point of the corner (X1, Y1)P146, 147 Length along X and Y respectively (L, H).

Depending on which corner is to be machined, these parameters willhave either a positive or negative sign.

CORNER ROUGHING

Z SAF

Chapter: 8 Page19


P150 Rounding radius (r)P151 Chamfer (C)

To round a corner, set C0 and assign to "r" the desired rounding radius.

To chamfer a corner, set R0 and assign to "C" the distance to the theoreticalcorner to be chamfered.

To machine a sharp corner (neither rounded nor chamfered), program r0 & C0.


P149 Finishing pass (E). When programmed as 0, no finishing pass will becarried out.

P198 % of the feedrate F applied on the finishing pass (%F).When set to 0, the finishing pass will be run at the same feedrate as theone used for roughing.

P133 Angle of the corner with respect to the X axis (A)



P107 Z coordinate where the corner is to be roughed outP108 Roughing depth (P)P109 Penetration step (in-feed) (I)P199 % of the feedrate F used to in-feed the Z axis (%F Z)






CORNER ROUGHING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.12 DRILLING (G67 N6)



P107 Z coordinate where the hole is to be drilledP108 Hole depth (P)P109 Drilling step (in-feed) (I)P143 Dwell at the bottom of the hole before withdrawing the drill bit (K).





Drilling example:

N10 P205=K100 ........................................ Set machining feedrateN20 FP205

N30 G01 X107 Y78 ................................... Move to drilling position

N40 P107=K0 P108=K12 P109=K5.......... Drilling parametersP143=K1

N50 G67 N6 ............................................... Call the drilling cycle

N60 M30 .................................................... End of program

DRILLING

Chapter: 8 Page21


Associate the Drilling operation with the Positioning canned cycle


1st Set the basic parameters to define the drilling operation.2nd Set the basic parameters of the positioning canned cycle3rd Set the drilling operation indicator. P203=K14th Set the indicator for type of positioning. P202=K*5th Call the positioning canned cycle. G67 N0

(There is no need to call the drilling canned cycle. G67 N6)

Straight-line drilling example:

N10 P205=K100 ............................................. Set machining feedrateN20 FP205

N30 P107=K0 P108=K12 P109=K5 .............. Drilling parametersP143=K1

N40 P106=K1 P110=K20 P111=K10 ............ Parameters for straight line positioningP130=K50 P133=K25 P132=K6

N50 P203=K1 ................................................. Indicator of drilling operationP202=K1 ................................................. Indicator for positioning type

N60 G67 N0.................................................... Call the straight-line positioning cycle

N70 M30 ......................................................... End of program

DRILLING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.13 TAPPING (G67 N7)



P107 Z coordinate where the hole is to be tappedP108 Tap depth (P)P143 Dwell at the bottom of the hole before starting to tap-out (K)





Tapping example:


N30 G01 X107 Y78 ................................... Move to tapping positionN40 P107=K0 P108=K12 P143=K1.......... Tapping parameters

N50 G67 N7 ............................................... Call the tapping cycle

N60 M30 .................................................... End of program

TAPPING

Chapter: 8 Page23


Associate the Tapping operation with the Positioning canned cycle


1st Set the basic parameters to define the tapping operation.2nd Set the basic parameters of the positioning canned cycle3rd Set the tapping operation indicator. P203=K24th Set the indicator for type of positioning. P202=K*5th Call the positioning canned cycle. G67 N0

(There is no need to call the tapping canned cycle. G67 N7)

Straight-line tapping example:

N10 P205=K100 ............................................. Set the machining feedrateN20 FP205

N30 P107=K0 P108=K12 P143=K1 .............. Tapping parameters

N40 P106=K1 P110=K20 P111=K10 ............ Parameters for straight-line positioningP130=K50 P133=K25 P132=K6

N50 P203=K2 ................................................. Indicator of tapping operationP202=K1 ................................................. Indicator of straight-line positioning

N60 G67 N0.................................................... Call straight-line positioning cycle

N70 M30 ......................................................... End of program

TAPPING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.14 BORING / REAMING (G67 N8)



P107 Z coordinate where the machining operation will take placeP108 Boring / reaming depth (P)P143 Dwell at the bottom of the hole before pulling the tool out (K).





Boring example:


N30 G01 X107 Y78 ................................... Move to boring position

N40 P107=K0 P108=K12 P143=K1.......... Boring parameters

N50 G67 N8 ............................................... Call boring cycle

N60 M30 .................................................... End of program

BORING / REAMING

Chapter: 8 Page25


Associate the Boring / Reaming operation with the Positioning canned cycle


1st Set the basic parameters to define the Boring/Reaming operation.2nd Set the basic parameters of the positioning canned cycle3rd Set the Boring/reaming operation indicator. P203=K34th Set the indicator for type of positioning. P202=K*5th Call the positioning canned cycle. G67 N0

(There is no need to call the Boring/Reaming canned cycle. G67 N8)

Example of a Bolt-hole pattern (in an arc) boring operation:


N30 P107=K0 P108=K12 P143=K1 .............. Boring parameters

N40 P106=K1 P138=K70 P139=K20 ............ Parameters for bolt-hole positioningP141=K40 P140=K-15P142=K30 P132=K8

N50 P203=K3 ................................................. Indicator of boring operationP202=K4 ................................................. Indicator of bolt-hole positioning

N60 G67 N0.................................................... Call bolt-hole positioning

N70 M30 ......................................................... End of program

BORING / REAMING

Chapter: 8


Section:

8.15 CENTER PUNCHING (G67 N9)


P107 Z coordinate where the center punching is to be carried out (Z)P108 Punch depth (P)P144 Punch diameter (F)P145 Punch angle (A)P143 Dwell after the punch until the tool starts withdrawing (K).

To set the punching depth, use one of the following methods:

Set the punching depth (P) ........................................... Parameter P108Set P=0, Punch angle (A) &

Punch diameter (F) ........................................... Parameters P108=K, P144, P145





Center punching example:


N30 G01 X107 Y78 ................................... Move to punch position

N40 P107=K0 P108=K1.5 P143=K0......... Punch parameters

N50 G67 N9 ............................................... Call the center-punching cycle

N60 M30 .................................................... End of program

CENTER PUNCHING

Chapter: 8 Page27


Associate the Center-punching operation with the Positioning canned cycle


1st Set the basic parameters to define the center-punching operation.2nd Set the basic parameters of the positioning canned cycle3rd Set the center-punching operation indicator. P203=K44th Set the indicator for type of positioning. P202=K*5th Call the positioning canned cycle. G67 N0

(There is no need to call the center-punching canned cycle. G67 N9)

Example of a grid pattern center-punching:


N30 P107=K0 P108=K1.5 P143=K0 ............. Center-punching parameters

N40 P106=K1 P110=K20 P111=K10 ............ Grid pattern positioning parametersP130=K90 P132=K4 P134=K40P136=K3 P133=K0 P137=K90

N50 P203=K4 ................................................. Indicator of center-punching operationP202=K3 ................................................. Indicator of grid pattern positioning

N60 G67 N0.................................................... Call the grid pattern positioning cycle

N70 M30 ......................................................... End of program

CENTER PUNCHING

PageChapter: 9

SUBROUTINES

Section:

1

9. SUBROUTINES

A subroutine is a section of a program which, properly identified, may be called upon tobe executed from any position (block) of the program.

A subroutine may be called upon several times from different program positions or fromdifferent programs.

With a single call, the subroutine may be executed up to 255 times.

A subroutine may be included within the user-defined program P99996 or may be storedin the special program P99994 for user-defined subroutines.

Standard and parametric subroutines are basically identical. Their only difference beingthat the calling block for a parametric subroutine (G21 N2.2) may contain up to 15definition parameters.

In the case of a standard subroutine, the parameters may not be defined in the calling block.

The maximum number of parameters of a standard or parametric subroutine is 255 (P0through P254).

9.1 SPECIAL PROGRAM P99994 FOR USER SUBROUTINES

Program P99994 must be edited at a PC and sent out to the CNC. It cannot be modifiedat the CNC.

It must only contain the user-defined subroutines edited in ISO code.

When program P99996 calls upon a subroutine, the CNC looks for it in P99996 first and,then, if not found, in P99994.

Using P99994 is recommended when several user-defined programs P99996 are beingutilized. This way, if P99994 contains all the usual subroutines, they will not have to berepeated in each P99996 program.

It is recommended to store the subroutines associated to the T function, machineparameters "P743" and "P745", in program P99994.

Page Chapter: 9SUBROUTINES2

Section:

9.2 IDENTIFICATION OF A STANDARD SUBROUTINE (G22)

A standard subroutine (not parametric), always starts with a block containing function"G22". The structure of this block is:

N4 G22 N2 N4 Block numberG22 Defines the beginning of the subroutineN2 Identifies the subroutine (number between "N0" and "N99").

This block cannot contain any additional information.

Program all the desired blocks after this first subroutine block and remember that astandard subroutine may also contain parametric blocks.

A subroutine must always end with a block of the type: N4 G24. This "G24" code indicatesthe end of the subroutine. This block cannot contain any other information.

Programming example: N0 G22 N25N10 X20N15 P0=P0 F1 P1N20 G24

Atention:

Subroutines "N91" through "N99" may not be defined because they areutilized by the CNC.

The CNC memory may not contain two standard subroutines with identicalID numbers even if they belong to different programs. However, it is possibleto use the same number to identify a standard subroutine and a parametricone.

9.3 CALLING A STANDARD SUBROUTINE (G20)

A standard subroutine may be called upon from any program or other subroutine (standardor parametric). To do this, "G20" must be used. The structure of a calling block is:

N4 G20 N2.2 N4 Block numberG20 Calling a subroutineN2.2 The two digits to the left of the period, identify the subroutine being

called upon (00 through 99).The two digits to the right of the period, indicate the number oftimes that subroutine is to be executed (00 through 99).

The number of times may also be programmed by an arithmetic parameter between P0 andP255. For example: N4 G20 N10.P123

If the number of times is not programmed, the CNC will execute it only once.

The block calling the standard subroutine may not contain any other information.

STANDARD SUBROUTINE(G20, G22)

PageChapter: 9

SUBROUTINES

Section:

3

9.4 IDENTIFICATION OF A PARAMETRIC SUBROUTINE (G23)

A parametric subroutine always starts with a block containing a "G23".

The structure of this first block is:

N4 G23 N2 N4 Block numberG23 Defines the beginning of a parametric subroutineN2 Identifies the subroutine (number between "N0" and "N99").

This block cannot contain any additional information.

Program all the desired blocks after this first subroutine block and remember that aparametric subroutine may also contain parametric blocks.

A subroutine must always end with a block of the type: N4 G24. This "G24" code indicatesthe end of the subroutine. This block cannot contain any other information.

Atention:

Subroutines "N91" through "N99" may not be defined because they areutilized by the CNC.

The CNC memory may not contain two parametric subroutines withidentical ID numbers even if they belong to different programs. However,it is possible to use the same number to identify a standard subroutine anda parametric one.

9.5 CALLING A PARAMETRIC SUBROUTINE (G21)

A parametric subroutine may be called upon from any program or other subroutine(standard or parametric). To do this, "G21" must be used.

The structure of a calling block is:

N4 G21 N2.2 P3=K±5.5 P3=K±5.5

N4 Block numberG21 Calling a parametric subroutineN2.2 The two digits to the left of the period, identify the subroutine being called upon

(00 through 99).The two digits to the right of the period, indicate the number of times thatsubroutine is to be executed (00 through 99).

The number of times may also be programmed by an arithmetic parameter between P0 andP255. For example: N4 G21 N10.P123

If the number of times is not programmed, the CNC will execute it only once.

P3 Number of the arithmetic parameter (P00-P254).K Value assigned to the arithmetic parameter.

Atention:

When concluding the execution of the parametric subroutine (G24), theparameters recover the values assigned to them in the calling block even whenthey have been set to other values throughout the program.

PARAMETRIC SUBROUTINE(G21, G23)


Section:

9.6 EXAMPLES

Example 1. Using standard subroutines without parameters

Drill four 15mm-deep holes.

N0 G90 G00 X35 Y35 M03N5 G22 N1 ............................................... Define the standard subroutineN10 Z-32N15 G01 Z-50 F100N20 G04 K1.0N25 G00 Z0N30 G24 .................................................... End of subroutineN35 X60N40 G20 N1.1 ........................................... Call subroutine N1N45 X80 Y30N50 G20 N1.1 ........................................... Call subroutine N1N55 X100N60 G20 N1.1 ........................................... Call subroutine N1N65 X0 Y0 M05N70 M30 ................................................... End of program

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES

PageChapter: 9

SUBROUTINES

Section:

5

Example 2. Using standard subroutines with parameters

N10 P0=K48 P1=K24N20 G1 X40 Y32 F0N30 G22 N10 .................................. Define the standard subroutineN40 G91 XP0 F500N50 YP1N60 X-P0N70 Y-P1N80 G24 .......................................... End of subroutineN90 G90 X-6 Y72N100 P0=K24 P1=K16N110 G20 N10.1 .............................. Call the standard subroutineN120 G01 G90 X0 Y0 F0N130 M30 ........................................ End of program



Section:


Example 3. Using parametric subroutines with parameters

Perform the machining operations shown above using the same parametric subroutine.The tool moves over the part to Z10 and the machining depth is Z-10.

N0 G90 G00 X20 Y20 Z10 S1500 M03N10 G01 Z-10 F100N15 G21 N1.1 P0=K20 P1=K30 P2=K-20 P3=K-10 P4=K-20 .............. Part 1N20 G90 G00 Z10N25 X60 Y20N30 G01 Z-10N35 G21 N1.1 P0=K30 P1=K10 P2=K-30 P3=K20 P4=K-30 ............... Part 2N40 G90 G00 Z10N45 X110 Y120N50 G01 Z-10N55 G21 N1.1 P0=K10 P1=K30 P2=K-10 P3=K0 P4=K-30 ................. Part 2N60 G90 G00 Z10N65 X0 Y0 M05N70 M30

N100 G23 N1 ................................. Define subroutineN105 G01 G91 YP0 F100N110 XP1N115 XP2 YP3N120 XP4N145 G24 ........................................ End of subroutine

PageChapter: 9

SUBROUTINES

Section:

7PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES

Example 4. Using parametric subroutines without parameters


N10 G90 G01 X40 Y30 F0N20 G23 N8 .............................................. Define parametric subroutineN30 G01 G91 X50 F500N40 Y30N50 X-10N60 G03 X-30 Y0 I-15 J0N70 G01 X-10N80 Y-30N90 G24 .................................................... End of subroutineN100 G01 G90 X0 Y0 F0N110 X-70 Y50N120 G21 N8.1 ......................................... Call subroutineN130 G01 G90 X0 Y0 F0N140 M30 ................................................. End of program

When the CNC reads block N120, it will execute subroutine N8 ( defined between N30and N80) once.


Section:

9.7 NESTING LEVELS

It is possible to call upon a subroutine from the main program or from another subroutine(standard or parametric) and upon another one from this one and so on up to 15 levels. Eachone of these levels may be repeated 255 times.

Subroutine nesting diagram

NESTING LEVELS

M02 or M03

Chapter: 10PARAMETRIC PROGRAMMING

PageSection:1

10. PARAMETRIC PROGRAMMING

This CNC offers 255 arithmetic parameters (P0 through P254) which can be used to editparametric blocks and perform math operations and jumps within a program. Theseparametric blocks may be written anywhere in the program.

The various operations to be performed with these parameters are:

F1 AdditionF2 SubtractionF3 MultiplicationF4 DivisionF5 Square rootF6 Square root of the sum of squares (Pythagorean formula)F7 SineF8 CosineF9 TangentF10 Arc tangentF11 ComparisonF12 Entire part (integer without decimals)F13 Entire part plus oneF14 Entire part minus oneF15 Absolute value (without sign)F16 Complement (invert sign)F17 Memory address (location) of the indicated blockF18 X coordinate contained in the block located at the indicated addressF19 Y coordinate contained in the block located at the indicated addressF20 Z coordinate contained in the block located at the indicated addressF21 Not being used at this time.F22 Memory address (location) of the block previous to the indicated oneF23 Selected tool offset numberF24 R value of the indicated toolF25 L value of the indicated toolF26 I value of the indicated toolF27 K value of the indicated toolF28 Not being used at this time.F29 Number of the selected toolF30 Logic AND functionF31 Logic OR functionF32 Logic XOR functionF33 Logic NOR function

Page Chapter: 10PARAMETRIC PROGRAMMING

Section:2

10.1 ASSIGNMENTS

Any value may be assigned to any parameter.

a) N4 P1 = P2

P1 takes the value of P2 while P2 keeps its original value

b) N4 P1 = K1.5

P1 takes the value of 1.5

"K" indicates that it is a constant. Its value range is: ±99999.99999.

c) N4 P1= H (HEXADECIMAL value)

P1 takes the HEXADECIMAL value indicated after "H".Possible "H" values: 0/FFFFFFFF.

d) N4 P1 = X

P1 takes the current theoretical coordinate value of the X axis.

e) N4 P1 = Y

P1 takes the current theoretical coordinate value of the Y axis.

f) N4 P1 = Z

P1 takes the current theoretical coordinate value of the Z axis.

g) N4 P1 = T

This CNC has an internal clock which keeps track of the program execution (running)time.

P1 takes the current value of this clock (always in hundredths of a second).

In order to find out the execution time required by some parts or operations, includethis type of blocks at the beginning and end of the program section to be timed andthen subtract the obtained values.

h) N4 P1= 0X

P1 takes the current theoretical X axis coordinate referred to Machine Reference Zero(home).

i) N4 P1= 0Y

P1 takes the current theoretical Y axis coordinate referred to Machine Reference Zero(home).

j) N4 P1= 0Z

P1 takes the current theoretical Z axis coordinate referred to Machine Reference Zero(home).

ASSIGNMENTS


PageSection:3

10.2 OPERATORS "F1" through "F16"

F1 Addition

Example: N4 P1 = P2 F1 P3

P1 takes the value resulting from adding P2 and P3. That is, P1 = P2 + P3.

It may also be programmed as: N4 P1 = P2 F1 K2 which means that P1 takes the valueof P2 + 2. The letter "K" indicates that it is a constant.

When the same parameter appears as an addend and a result, N4 P1 = P1 F1 K2 , itindicates that, from this moment on, it increments its value by "2" (P1 = P1 + 2).

F2 Subtraction

N4 P10 = P2 F2 P3 ...............P10 = P2 - P3N4 P10 = P2 F2 K3 ..............P10 = P2 - 3N4 P10 = P10 F2 K1 ............P10 = P10 - 1

F3 Multiplication

N4 P17 = P2 F3 P30 .............P17 = P2 x P30N4 P17 = P2 F3 K4 ..............P17 = P2 x 4N4 P17 = P17 F3 K8 ............P17 = P17x 8

F4 Division

N4 P8 = P7 F4 P35 ...............P8 = P7 : P35N4 P8 = P2 F4 K5 ................P8 = P2 : 5N4 P8 = P8 F4 K2 ................P8 = P8 : 2

F5 Square root

N4 P15 = F5 P23 ..................P15 = P23N4 P14 = F5 K9....................P14 = 9N4 P18 = F5 P18 ..................P18 = P18

F6 Square root of the sum of squares

N4 P60 = P2 F6 P3 ..............P60 = P2² + P3²N4 P50 = P40 F6 K5 ............P50 = P40² + 52

N4 P1 = P1 F6 K4 ...............P1 = P1² + 4²

F7 Sine

N4 P1 = F7 K5......................P1 = Sine 5 degreesN4 P1 = F7 P2 ......................P1 = Sine P2

The angle (P2) must be given in degrees.

F8 Cosine

N4 P1 = F8 P2 ......................P1 = Cosine P2N4 P1 = F8 K75....................P1 = Cosine 75 degrees

OPERATORS"F1" through "F16"


Section:4

F9 Tangent

N4 P1 = F9 P2 .................... P1 = tg P2N5 P1 = F9 K30.................. P1 = tg 30 degrees

F10 Arc tangent

N4 P1 = F10 P2 .................. P1 = arc. tg P2 (result in degrees)N4 P1 = F10 K0.5............... P1 = arc. tg 0.5

F11 Comparison

It compares one parameter with another one or with a constant and it activates theconditional jump flags (its usefulness will be described in the section on conditionaljumps G26, G27, G28, G29).

N4 P1 = F11 P2

If P1 = P2, the "if zero" flag is activated.If P1 > P2, the "if equal to or greater than" flag is activated.If P1 < P2, the "if smaller than" flag is activated.

It may also be programmed as: N4 P1 = F11 K6

F12 Entire Part (Integer without decimals)

N4 P1=F12 P2 .................... P1 takes the integer value of P2.N4 P1=F12 K5.4................. P1 = 5

F13 Entire part plus one

N4 P1 = F13 P2 .................. P1 takes the integer value of P2 plus 1.N4 P1 = F13 K5.4............... P1 = 5 + 1 = 6

F14 Entire part minus one

N4 P1 = F14 P27 ................ P1 takes the integer value of P27 minus 1.N4 P5 = F14 K5.4............... P5 = 5 - 1 = 4

F15 Absolute value

N4 P1 = F15 P2 .................. P1 takes the absolute value of P2.N4 P1 = F15 K-8 ................ P1 = 8

F16 Complement

N4 P7 = F16 P20 ................ P7 takes the value of P20 with the opposite sign. P7 = -P20N4 P7 = F16 K10................ P7 = -10



PageSection:5

10.3 OPERATORS "F17" through "F29"

These functions do not affect the jump flags.

F17 N4 P1 = F17 P2

P1 takes the memory address value (location) of the block number indicated by P2.

Example N4 P1 = F17 K12. P1 takes the value of the memory address where blockN12 is located.

F18 N4 P1=F18 P2

P1 takes the X coordinate value contained in the block whose address is (located at)P2.

F18 does not admit a constant operand. Example : P1 = F18 K2 IS WRONG.

F19 N4 P1=F19 P2

P1 takes the Y coordinate value contained in the block located at P2.

F19 does not admit a constant operand. Example: P1 = F19 K3 IS WRONG

F20 N4 P1 = F20 P2

P1 takes the Z coordinate value contained in the block located at P2.

F19 does not admit a constant operand. Example: P1 = F19 K3 IS WRONG

F20 does not admit a constant operand. Example: P1 = F20 K4. IS WRONG

F21 Not being used at this time

F22 N4 P1=F22 P2

P1 takes the memory address (location) of the block prior to the location indicated byP2.

F22 does not admit a constant operand. Example: P1 = F22 K5. IS WRONG.

F23 N4 P1 = F23

P1 takes the number of the current active tool offset.

F24 This function may be programmed in two different ways:

N4 P9=F24 K2 P9 takes the R value appearing in position 2 of the tool table.

N4 P8=F24 P12 P8 takes the R value appearing in the tool table positionindicated by the value of P12.



Section:6


N4 P15=F25 K16 P15 takes the L value appearing in position 16 of the tool table.

N4 P13=F25 P34 P13 takes the L value appearing in the tool table positionindicated by the value of P34.


N4 P6=F26 K32 P6 takes the I value appearing in position 32 of the tool table.

N4 P14=F26 P15 P14 takes the I value appearing in the tool table positionindicated by the value of P15.


N4 P90=F27 K13 P90 takes the K value appearing in position 13 of the tool table.

N4 P28=F27 P5 P28 takes the K value appearing in the tool table positionindicated by the value of P5.

F28 Not being used at this time.

F29 N4 P1=F29

P1 takes the number of the current active tool.

One block may contain all the desired assignments and operations as long as they do notmodify more than 15 parameters.



PageSection:7

10.4 BINARY OPERATORS "F30" THROUGH "F33"

The available binary operations are:

F30 Logic AND functionF31 Logic OR functionF32 Logic XOR functionF33 Logic NOR function

These BINARY operations also activate the internal flags depending on the results of theiroperations for later use when programming CONDITIONAL JUMPS/CALLS (G26,G27, G28, G29).

Binary operations may be performed between:

Parameters P1 = P2 F30 P3Parameters and constants P11 = P25 F31 H(8)Constants P19 = K2 F32 K5

The "H" value must be a positive hexadecimal number of up to 8 characters. In otherwords, it must be between "0" and "FFFFFFFF" and may not be the first operand.

F30 Logic AND function

Example: N4 P1= P2 F30 P3 Value of P2 Value of P3 Value of P1A5C631F C883D C001D

F31 Logic OR function

Example: N4 P11= P25 F31 H35AF9D01Value of P25 Value of H Value of P1148BE6 35AF9D01 35AF9FE7

F32 Logic XOR function

Example: N4 P19= P72 F32 H91C6EFValue of P72 Value of H Value of P19

AB456 91C6EF 9B72B9

F33 Logic NOT function

Example: N4 P154= F33 P88 P154 takes the "ones" complement of (inverts its bits )P88

Value of P88 Value of P1544A52D63F B5AD29C0

OPERATORS"F30" through "F33" & "F36"


Section:8

10.5 CONDITIONAL JUMP FUNCTIONS (G26, G27, G28, G29)

They are similar to function G25 (unconditional jump) described in the chapter on"Additional Preparatory Functions" in this manual.

Functions G26, G27, G28 and G29, before jumping to the indicated program block, verifythat the required condition has been met.

G26 Jump if zero. It requires the "Zero" condition to be met.G27 Jump if not zero. It requires the "Zero" condition NOT to be met.G28 Jump if less than zero. It requires the "Less than" condition to be met.G29 Jump if equal/greater than "0". It requires the "Less than" condition NOT to be met.

The "Zero" condition also referred to as "Equal to" is activated in the following cases:

* When the result of an operation is equal to zero.Example: N001 P1 P3 F2 K5 If P3 = 5

* If both sides of a comparison are identicalExample: N002 P1 F11 K8 If P1 = 8

The "Less than" condition is also referred to as "Negative" and it is activated in thefollowing cases:

* When the result of an operation is less than zero (negative).Example: N001 P1 = P3 F2 K5 If P3 < 5

* When the first operand in a comparison is smaller than second one.Example: N002 P1 F11 K8 If P1 < 8

Atention:

Assignments and non-parametric functions do not alter the status of thecondition flags.

Programming example: N060 P2 F11 K22N065 G01 X10N070 Y20N071 G26 N100N072 G28 N200N073 G29 N300

Block N060 does a comparisonBlocks N65 and N70 do not change the condition flags.Thus, If P2 = 22, the program continues at block N100

If P2 < 22, the program continues at block N200If P2 > 22, the program continues at block N300

Care must be taken when programming functions G26 and G29. If, in the above example,the following were programmed instead: N071 G28 N200

N072 G29 N300N073 G26 N100

The program would not execute N073. With P2 < 22, it would jump to N200 and, withP2 > 22, it would jump to N300. Thus, skipping block N073.

JUMP FUNCTIONS(G26, G27, G28, G29)


PageSection:9JUMP FUNCTIONS

(G26, G27, G28, G29)

Parametric programming example to calculate the various points forming a cardioid, itsformula being: R = B |cos A/2|

Where: X0 Y0 is the starting point and

P0 = A (angle)P1 = BP2 = A/2P3 = cos A/2P4 = |cos A/2|P5 = R = B |cos A/2|

N10 G93 G01 F500N20 P0=K0 P1=K30 ............................................................. A=0, B=30N30 P2=P0 F4 K2 P3=F8 P2 P4=F15 P3 P5=P1 F3 P4 ....... R = B |cos A/2|N40 G01 G05 R P5 A P0 ...................................................... Motion blockN50 P0=P0 F1 K5 ................................................................. Angular step of 5°N60 P0=F11 K365 ................................................................ If A=365° --> EndN70 G27 N30 ........................................................................ If not, calculate new pointN80 X0 Y0N90 M30

ERRORCODES


* When the first character of the block to be executed is not an "N".

* When while BACKGROUND editing, the program in execution calls a subroutine located in the programbeing edited or in a later program.

The order in which the part-programs are stored in memory are shown in the part-program directory. If duringthe execution of a program, a new one is edited, this new one will be placed at the end of the list.

002 Too many digits when defining a function in general.


* When a negative value has been assigned to a function which does not accept the "-" sign.

* When an incorrect value has been assigned to an automatic operation:

- Positioning in line: ..................................... If L=0, Xn=X1, Yn=Y1, I=0If L=0, Xn=X1, Yn=Y1, N=0If I=0, N=0If I>0, L/I fraction

- Positioning in arc: ...................................... If N=0If R=0, Xc=X1, Yc=Y1

- Positioning in rectangle or grid pattern: If LX=0, IX=0 or LY=0, IY=0If LX=0, NX=0 or LY=0, NY=0If LX>0, IX=0, NX<2 or LY>0, IY=0, NY<2If LX>0, IX>0, LX/IX fractionIf LY>0, IY>0, LY/IY fraction

- Rectangular pocket .................................... If L=0 or H=0If r>(L/2) or r>(H/2)

- Circular pocket .......................................... If Tool radius > R- Corner roughing ........................................ If L=0 or H=0

If r>L or r>H- Surface milling .......................................... If L=0 or H=0


005 Parametric block programmed wrong.

006 There are more than 10 parameters affected in a block.

007 Division by zero.

008 Square root of a negative number.

009 Parameter value too large.

010 M41, M42, M43 or M44 has been programmed.

011 More than 7 "M" functions in a block.


- Function G50 is programmed wrong

- Tool dimension values too large.

- Zero offset values ( G53/G59 ) too large.


014 A block has been programmed which is incorrect either by itself or in relation with the program history up tothat instant.

015 Functions G20, G21, G22, G23, G24, G25, G26, G27, G28, G29, G30, G31, G32, G50, G52, G53, G54, G55,G56, G57, G58, G59, G72, G73, G74, G92 and G93 must be programmed alone in a block.

016 The called subroutine or block does not exist or the block searched by means of special function F17 does notexist.

017 Negative or too large thread pitch value.

018 Error in blocks where the points are defined by means of angle-angle or angle-coordinate.


- After defining G20, G21, G22 or G23, the number of the subroutine it refers to is missing.

- The "N" character has not been programmed after function G25, G26, G27, G28 or G29.

- Too many nesting levels.

020 The axes of the circular interpolation are not programmed correctly.

021 There is no block at the address defined by the parameter assigned to F18, F19, F20, F21, F22.

022 An axis is repeated when programming G74.

023 K has not been programmed after G04.

025 Error in a definition block or subroutine call, or when defining either conditional or unconditional jumps.


- Memory overflow.

- Not enough free tape or CNC memory to store the part-program.

027 I/J/K has not been defined for a circular interpolation or thread.

028 An attempt has been made to select a tool offset at the tool table or a non-existent external tool (the number oftools is set by machine parameter).

029 Too large a value assigned to a function.

This error is often issued when programming an F value in mm/min (inch/min) and, then, switching to work inmm/rev (inch/rev) without changing the F value.

030 The programmed G function does not exist.



033 A movement of over 8388 mm or 330.26 inches has been programmed.

Example: Being the X axis position X-5000, if we want to move it to point X5000, the CNC will issue error33 when programming the block N10 X5000 since the programmed move will be:5000 - (-5000) = 10000 mm.

In order to make this move without issuing this error, it must be carried out in two stages as indicatedbelow:

N10 X0 ; 5000 mm moveN10 X5000 ; 5000 mm move

034 S or F value too large.

035 Not enough information for corner rounding, chamfering or compensation.

036 Repeated subroutine.

037 Function M19 programmed incorrectly.

038 Function G72 or G73 programmed incorrectly.

It must be borne in mind that if G72 is applied only to one axis, this axis must be positioned at part zero (0 value)at the time the scaling factor is applied.


- More than 15 nesting levels when calling subroutines.

- A block has been programmed which contains a jump to itself. Example: N120 G25 N120.

040 The programmed arc does not go through the defined end point (tolerance 0.01mm) or there is no arc that goesthrough the points defined by G08 or G09.

041 This error is issued when programming a tangential entry as in the following cases:

- There is no room to perform the tangential entry. A clearance of twice the rounding radius or greater isrequired.

- If the tangential entry is to be applied to an arc (G02, G03), The tangential entry must be defined in a linearblock.

042 This error is issued when programming a tangential exit as in the following cases:

- There is no room to perform the tangential exit. A clearance of twice the rounding radius or greater is required.

- If the tangential exit is to be applied to an arc (G02, G03), The tangential exit must be defined in a linear block.

043 Polar origin coordinates (G93) defined incorrectly.


045 Function G36, G37, G38 or G39 programmed incorrectly.

046 Polar coordinates defined incorrectly.

047 A zero movement has been programmed during radius compensation or corner rounding.


049 Chamfer programmed incorrectly in a rectangular pocket or corner roughing operation in such way that:

* The tool cannot machine it because the chamfer is too small.* A chamfer that big cannot be machined with those L, H, E parameter values

050 Functions M06, M22, M23, M24, M25 must be programmed alone in a block.

051 * A tool change cannot be performed without being in the change position.

052 * The requested tool is not in the magazine.


054 There is no tape in the cassette reader or the reader head cover is open.

055 Parity error when reading or recording a cassette.


057 Write-protected tape.

058 Sluggish tape transport.

059 Communication error between the CNC and the cassette reader.

060 Internal CNC hardware error. Consult with the Technical Service Department.

061 Battery error.

The memory contents will be kept for 10 more days (with the CNC off) from the moment this error occurs. Thewhole battery module located on the back must be replaced. Consult with the Technical Service Department.

Atention:

Due to danger of explosion or combustion, do not try to recharge the battery, do not exposeit to temperatures higher than 100°C (232°F) and do not short the battery leads.

064 * External emergency input (pin 14 of connector I/O1) is activated.


066 * X axis travel limit overrun.


067 * Y axis travel limit overrun.


068 * Z axis travel limit overrun.



070 ** X axis following error.

071 ** Y axis following error.

072 ** Z axis following error.


074 ** Spindle speed value too large.






080 This error occurs when using a tool smaller than the machining pass "G" in a rectangular/circular pocket or ina corner roughing operation.

081 This error occurs when the tool radius is greater than "(L/2)-E" or "H/2)-E".

082 ** Parity error in general parameters.

083 This error occurs when programming "r>0" or "C>0" in a rectangular pocket or corner roughing operation.

084 This error occurs when programming a tool radius greater than "R-E" in a circular pocket.

085 This error occurs when using a 0-radius tool (tool offset) having programmed "G=0" (machining pass) in arectangular/circular pocket or in a corner roughing operation.

086 This error occurs when assigning an incorrect value to an automatic operation or to a machining operation:

- Rectangular pocket ................ If P=0 or I=0- Circular pocket ...................... If P=0 or I=0- Corner roughing..................... If P=0 or I=0- Surface milling ...................... If P=0 or I=0- Center punching: ................... If P=0, =0- Drilling: ................................. If P=0 or I=0- Tapping: ................................. If P=0- Boring, reaming: .................... If P=0



089 * All the axes have not been homed.

This error comes up when it is mandatory to search home on all axes after power-up. This requirement is setby machine parameter.





094 Parity error in tool table or zero offset table G53-G59.

095 This error occurs when the tool radius is larger than the rounding radius "r" in a rectangular pocket or cornerroughing operation.

096 ** Parity error in Z axis parameters.

097 ** Parity error in Y axis parameters.

098 ** Parity error in X axis parameters.

099 ** Parity error in M table.



105 This error comes up in the following cases:

> A comment has more than 43 characters.

> A program has been defined with more than 5 characters.

> A block number has more than 4 characters.

> Strange characters in memory.

106 ** Inside temperature limit exceeded.


108 ** Error in Z axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.

109 ** Error in Y axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.

110 ** Error in X axis leadscrew error compensation parameters.





115 * Watch-dog error in the periodic module.

This error occurs when the periodic module takes longer than 5 milliseconds.

116 * Watch-dog error in the main module.

This error occurs when the main module takes longer than half the time indicated in machine parameter "P729".

117 * The internal CNC information requested by activating marks M1901 thru M1949 is not available.

118 * An attempt has been made to modify an unavailable internal CNC variable by means of marks M1950 thruM1964.

119 Error when writing machine parameters, the decoded M function table and the leadscrew error compensationtables into the EEPROM memory.

This error may occur when after locking the machine parameters, the decoded M function table and theleadscrew error compensation tables, one tries to save this information into the EEPROM memory.

120 Checksum error when recovering (restoring) the machine parameters, the decoded M function table andleadscrew error compensation tables from the EEPROM memory.

Atention:The ERRORS indicated with "*" behave as follows:

They stop the axis feed and the spindle rotation by cancelling the Enable signals and theanalog outputs of the CNC.

hey interrupt the execution of the part-program of the CNC if it was being executed.

The ERRORS indicated with "**" besides behaving as those with an "*", they activate theINTERNAL EMERGENCY OUTPUT.

Fagor 800m User

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