Fachgebiet Photovoltaik thomas.hannappel@tu-ilmenau · Organic semiconductors and organic...

Halbleiter

Prof. Yong Lei

Fachgebiet 3D Nanostrukturierung

[email protected]

Prof. Thomas Hannappel

Fachgebiet Photovoltaik

[email protected]

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/nanostruk/

mailto:[email protected]






24.01.2018 www.tu-ilmenau.de

Contents

1. Introduction and basic knowledge of semiconductors (mainly given by

Hannappel)

2. Atomic structure and band theory of semiconductors (mainly given by Lei)

3. Solid state structures of semiconductors and Intrinsic/extrinsic semiconductors

(mainly given by Lei)

4. Doping theory in semiconductors (mainly given by Hannappel)

5. Band engineering and charge transport in semiconductors (mainly given by

Hannappel)

6. P-N Junction: basic knowledges and device applications (mainly given by Lei)

7. Semiconductors for photoelectrochemical devices (Given by Hannappel)

8. Interface engineering and hetero contacts in semiconductors (given by

Hannappel)

9. Organic semiconductors and organic electronics (given by Lei)

10. Semiconductors of carbon allotropes and device applications (given by Lei)


1. Introduction and basic knowledge of semiconductors (mainly given by Hannappel) • Defination of semiconductors

• Typical semiconductors

• Motivation of semiconsuctors: electronic and optoelectronic components

Conductivity of materials


2. Atomic structure and band theory of semiconductors (given by Lei)

• Definition of Conductors,

Insulators and Semiconductors

based on atomic structure.

• Band structure of Conductors,

Insulators and Semiconductors.

• Semiconductors

manufacturing techniques

Silicon Copper


3. Solid state structures of semiconductor and Intrinsic/extrinsic semiconductor (given by Lei)

Crystal structure of silicon: A silicon atom has four electrons

which it can share in covalent bonds with its neighbors.

Basic knowledge of crystal

(primitive unit cell, lattice,

fourteen lattices) and crystal

structure of typical

semiconductors.


• Intrinsic semiconductors: energy

band diagram and charge

transport

• Extrinsic Semiconductors:

energy band diagram and

charge transport of N- and P-

semiconductors.

• Fabrication technique of N- and

P-type semiconductors

Intrinsic Semiconductors


4. Doping theory in semiconductors (given by Hannappel)

• Doping theory in semiconductors.

• Optical properties of semiconductors.

• Knowledges about direct band-gap and indirect band-gap semiconductors.


5. Band engineering and charge transport in semiconductors (given by Hannappel)

- Semiconductor hetero contacts

- Band structure engineering

- Charge carrier transport in semiconductors

Before contact After contact


6. P-N Junction: knowledges and device applications (given by Lei)

• Device structure of P-N junction.

• Basic knowledges about P-N junction: depletion region, built-in potential.

• Charge transport in P-N junction: forward-biased, reverse-biased, reverse

breakdown.

• I-V characteristic of a P-N junction.


Light-Emitting Diode (LED): a device example of P-N junction

• Photoluminescence in semiconductors.

• Device structure of LEDs.

• Working principle of LEDs.

LED:

A forward biased P-N junction


7. Semiconductors for photoelectrochemical devices (by Hannappel)

Photoelectrochemical devices for

solar energy conversion:

- Semiconductors as absorber

- Interface charge-separating in PEC

devices - Esaki tunnel diode

Tandem solar water splitting device

Artificial photosynthesis based on

semiconductors to generate: -Electricity -Fuels


8. Interface engineering and hetero contacts in semiconductors (given by Hannappel)

Band diagrams of hetero contacts

Interface and hetero contact formation, epitaxial growth

Defects in semiconductors and grain boundaries

Effect of grain boundaries and defects

Oxide semiconductors Charge carrier recombination &

time-resolved measurement

Semiconductor-metal interface


9. Organic semiconductors and organic electronics (given by Lei)

• Basic knowledge of organic semiconductors.

• P-type and N-type organic semiconductors & ambipolar organic semiconductors

• Difference between inorganic and organic semiconductors


Organic electronics based on organic semiconductors, focusing on:

• Device structure and working principle of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).

• Device structure and working principle of organic field-effect transistor (OFETs).

OPV OFET OLED


10. Semiconductors of carbon allotropes and their device applications. (Will be given by Lei)

• Allotropes of carbon:

(a) Graphite;

(b) Graphene - Nobel Prize in Physics

2010;

(c) Carbon nanotube (CNT);

(d) Fullerence (C60) – Nebel Prize in

Chemistry 1996;

(e) C70;

(f) C540;

(g) Amorphous carbon;

(h) Lonsdaleite - a hexagonal polymorph

of diamond;

(i) Diamond.

• Current research progress about

device applications of carbon

allotropes (especially C60, carbon

nanotube and graphene): focusing

on energy conversion and storage

devices, electronic devices, etc.

Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 4338-4353

Fachgebiet Photovoltaik thomas.hannappel@tu-ilmenau · Organic semiconductors and organic...

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