External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes...
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Transcript of External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes...
![Page 1: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
External Forces That Shape the Earth
![Page 2: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Weathering
Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks.
Sediment is produced by weathering and
is identified as mud, sand or silt.
![Page 3: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mechanical Weathering
• Mechanical Weathering only changes the size of the rock.
![Page 4: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chemical Weathering
• Chemical Weathering occurs when a rock is changed into a new substance as a result of an interaction between elements in the air or water and minerals in the rock.
![Page 5: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Erosion
• Erosion occurs when weathered material is moved by action of the wind, water, ice or gravity.
• These actions work by grinding rock into smaller pieces.
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Water Erosion
• Water erosion occurs as stream and rivers flow carrying loose material downstream.
• Abrasion can be caused by transported particles.
• The water can dissolve chemical elements in the rock causing the composition of the rock to change.
![Page 7: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Water Erosion
![Page 8: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Deltas
• Deltas are created as sediment from rivers are deposited in a fan shaped pattern at the ocean.
![Page 9: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Wind Erosion
• Wind Erosion is similar to water erosion except the wind carries and deposits the sediment.
![Page 10: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Loess Deposits
• Loess (LOH uhs) is wind blown silt and clay sediment. In China deposits are several hundred feet deep.
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Glacial Erosion
• A glacier is a long-lasting mass of ice that moves because of gravity.
• Glaciation is the changing of landforms by glaciers.
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• Massive glaciers also cut U-shaped valleys in the land.
![Page 13: External Forces That Shape the Earth. Weathering Weathering refers to physical or chemical processes that change the characteristics of rocks. Sediment.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8e5503460f94b922c8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Moraine
• Glaciers carry rocks and when the glacier melts these rocks are left behind. Often these rocks create hills or ridges called a moraine.
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Building Soil
• Weathering and erosion are a part of the process of building soil.
• Soil is a mix of weathered rock, organic matter (humus), air and water that supports plant growth.
• Organic matter supports the growth of plants by supplying food.
• Water and air share pores in the soil.
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Soil Factors
• Geographers study soil by looking at 5 factors.
• Parent material is the composition of the original rock.
• Relief-steeper slopes erode more easily but does not produce soil quickly.
• Climate- Hot climate produce a different soil than cold, wet different than dry.
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• Organisms include plants, small animals like worms, ants and bacteria that decompose material. Help to loosen soil.
• Time- The amount varies but a rough average would be 2.5 cubic centimeters per century.