EXPLOSIVES MANAGEMENT PLAN - Inuvik Tuk...

ITH EXPLOSIVES MANAGEMENT PLAN

December 18th, 2013

Prepared by: EGT Northwind Ltd P.O Box 177 Tuktoyaktuk, NT X0E 1C0 867-977-7000

Prepared for: GNWT Department of Transportation Yellowknife, NT

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Table of Contents Page

1 Introduction 3 2 Explosive Management Plan Objectives 3 3 Ammonia Nitrate 3 3.1 Nitrate Loss Mechanisms 3

3.2 Mitigation Strategy 4 4 Explosive Usage 4 4.1 Explosive Material Ratios 4 5 Transport of Explosives 6 6 Explosive Storage 7 6.1 Explosive Magazines (Off-Site Storage) 7 6.2 Explosive Magazines (On-Site Storage) 8 7 Best Management Practices 8

7.1 Personnel Training Program 8 8 Blasting Operations 9

8.1 Blasting Safety Measures 9 8.2 Spill Prevention 10 8.3 Disposal of Explosives 11 8.4 DFO Commitments 12

9 Internal Audit and Inspections 12

List of Tables

Table 4.0-1 Explosives – Hazard Class and Potential Impacts 5 Table 4.0-2 Explosives – Safe Handling Procedures 5 Table 4.0-3 Explosives – Personal Protective Equipment 6

Maps Appendix 1 Construction Plan Overview Atlas 13 - 18

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1.0 INTRODUCTION The Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk Highway Project (ITH) is a 137 km highway which will require approximately 5.8 million in-place cubic metres of gravel (not including the Source 177 Upgrade) for embankment construction with 250,000 cubic metres of surfacing gravel. In order to quarry this material, explosives will be employed as a primary means of breaking the frozen material from designated sources. These designated sources are attached on Appendix A – Construction Plan Overview Atlas 2.0 EXPLOSIVES MANAGEMENT PLAN OBJECTIVES

The purpose of the Explosive Management Plan is to outline management practices employed on the ITH Project that are aimed to minimize the safety and environmental risks of handling ammonia nitrates, which are present in blasting agents. Specifically, methods used to minimize ammonia nitrate losses to the environment will be explained.

2.1 Legislation Compliance The Blasting Contractor will operate and will be compliant under the following legislation:

• NWT Mines Act and Regulations • WSCC Occupational Health and Safety Regulations • ERD Federal and Territorial/Provincial Legislations and Guidelines

2.2 Environmental Management Plan

The Explosives Management Plan is a component of the ITH Project’s Environmental Management Plan. Several of the plans within the Environmental Management Plan relate to spill management and water quality monitoring, and complement the best practices identified in the Explosives Management Plan:

• Spill Contingency Management Plan • Fish and Fish Habitat Protection Plan

3.0 AMMONIA NITRATE MANAGEMENT

3.1 Nitrate Loss Mechanisms Blasting is subject to regulations limiting ammonia, nitrate, and nitrate levels in quarry effluents released into the environment. The primary source of these nitrogen compounds is typically explosive used in blasting operations, as AN remains a significant component of most explosives used in the blasting industry. The amount of AN entering a local water drainage system is related to site conditions, explosives used, explosive handling, and blast efficiency. The key mechanism by which AN is lost to the water drainage system are as follows:

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• Spillage during blasthole loading or transportation to the blast site; • Dissolution by standing or flowing water through the blasthole; • Erosion of explosive from high flowing water through the blasthole; and, • Leaching of undetonated explosive from the blasted muck.

3.2 Mitigation Strategy In order to minimize potential impacts, an explosives management plan will be implemented as part of the construction start-up. In addition to what is included in this management plan, the explosives management strategy will include the following:

• An education program for all production employees that outlines the potential problem and appropriate mitigation techniques;

• A Spill Contingency Management Plan; • A monitoring program that is integrated with baseline water quality information (Fish and

Fish Habitat Protection Plan); • A review of blasting operations early in production to determine efficiency levels.

4.0 EXPLOSIVE USAGE

Explosives use management will have the primary goal of limiting loss of ammonia nitrates to quarried material, pit areas, and water bodies, which could subsequently leach into runoff. Explosives storage will be controlled and runoff from storage areas contained although it is expected that all blasting activities will be completed during winter months prior to any freshet runoff. The project proposes to use packaged ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) to facilitate borrow source extractions. ANFO is a solid material that is a widely used bulk industrial explosive mixture. It consists of 94 percent ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), (AN) that acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel and six percent number 2 fuel oil (FO).

The detonation of ANFO will produce gaseous byproducts. Complete detonation of ANFO produces H2O, CO2 and N2, which are harmless gases. Incomplete detonation of ANFO produces NO2, NO and CO which is toxic gases in high concentrations. Incomplete detonation can occur when blast holes contain water or if ANFO becomes wet. Since ANFO is hydroscopic and water soluble, the appropriate overall methodology for management is keeping it sealed and dry, which is consistent with blasting mid-winter and the overall low humidity in the region. Blast holes are not expected to contain any water during winter. Any spills are managed with the cleanup of the solid ANFO (as per the Spill Contingency Management Plan). Explosives will be

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managed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Use of Explosives in or Near Canadian Fisheries Waters (DFO 1998). With the application of these practices, there is not expected to be a pathway for residue and/or gases to enter adjacent water bodies.

4.1 Explosive Material Ratios

• Hole size: 6 1/2" • Average hole depth: 8 m • Pattern: 4 meters x 5 m • Powder Factor: .7 - 1 kg per m3

Products Utililized:

• Amex; 25 kg, double-lined bags • 200 x 400 mm Power Pro; 20 kg boxes • XT Det Cord; 15 kg cases • Nonels; 9 m - 15 m lengths

Material hazard class, potential impacts, site handling and storage requirements, and recommended personal protective equipment are summarized in Tables 3.0-1 to 3.0-3.

Table 4.0-1 Explosives – Hazard Class and Potential Impacts Material Hazard Class Potential Impact

Ammonium Nitrate 5.1 Water & Soil Contamination

High Explosive Detonators 1 Negligible Blasting Caps 1 Negligible

Table 4.0-2 Explosives – Safe Handling Procedures Material Safe Handling Procedures Ammonium Nitrate Keep away from heat and sources of

ignition. Do not ingest or breathe dust. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Store in a cool, well-ventilated area separate from acids, alkalies, reducing agents and combustibles.

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High Explosive Detonators Store under dry conditions in a cool, well ventilated magazine in closed containers. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flames.

Blasting Caps Store under dry conditions in a cool, well ventilated magazine

Table 4.0-3 Explosives – Personal Protective Equipment Material Personal Protective Equipment

Eyes Skin Respiration Ammonium Nitrate Safety goggles Nitrile or rubber

gloves; protective clothing

NIOSH/MSHA approved respirator

High Explosive Detonators Safety goggles Nitrile or rubber gloves; protective clothing made from cotton

None usually required

Blasting Caps Safety goggles Nitrile or rubber gloves; protective clothing made from cotton

None usually required

5.0 TRANSPORT OF EXPLOSIVES The handling of explosives to the site and on the site will be carried out by the supplier and blasting contractor under a license to conduct such work. Transportation of explosives from the explosive supplier to the quarry areas will be conducted in such a manner as to safeguard human health and prevent impacts on the environment. The transfer will be arranged so that:

• delays between the points of transfer are minimized • explosives are not left at any location other than designated locations • explosives are not left unattended during transportation

Transportation of explosives will be undertaken according to the requirements of applicable regulations including the Canada - Explosives Act and Regulations; Transport of Dangerous

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Goods Act and Regulations; National Fire Code of Canada. The explosives contractor and personnel are responsible for ensuring compliance to these regulations. Explosives transported from the explosives supplier to the site will be transported by fully licensed and certified transport carriers; always utilizing a double-driver system. These carriers will be fully compliant with applicable Federal, Provincial and Territorial legislation regarding explosives hauling and transport and applicable TDG guidelines and compliance. These operators or transport drivers will be fully versed in their 'specific' companies' Emergency Response Procedures for TDG and explosives transport. Associated risks or possible emergency situations associated with transport could include:

• Motor vehicle accident (MVA) requiring simple transfer of explosives to alternate vehicle designed for transporting explosives

• MVA with our without injuries, where explosives have been spilled on roadbed • Motor vehicle breakdown (mechanical); delay in transport • MVA with fire and potential for detonation, and finally in a worst case scenario, • MVA with a detonation

Mobile equipment used for transporting explosives onsite will:

• be kept in sound mechanical working condition • be provided with orange diamond-shaped placards and with clearly visible signs marked

"EXPLOSIVES" in letters not less than 150 mm in height when carrying explosives • not be used to transport other goods or materials at the same time as explosives are

transported • be equipped with a type 20-ABC fire extinguisher • not be loaded with explosives in excess of 80% of its rated carrying capacity • have explosives secured or fastened so as to prevent any part of the load from becoming

dislodged • only be operated by an authorized person who is in attendance at all times • carry only those persons necessary for handling explosives • not be refueled if explosives or detonators are on board except where the mobile

equipment is designed and used solely for transportation of bulk blasting agents • have its engine shut off and its parking brake engaged while loading or unloading

explosives, except where the vehicle uses an engine-powered device for loading and unloading

6.0 EXPLOSIVES STORAGE

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Packaged ANFO, detonators, and primers, will be shipped to site as explosives and be stored in site magazines. 6.1 Explosive Magazines (Off-Site Storage) Explosives magazines to be fully licenced, equipped with security reader system and proper locking system as per ERD Federal and Provincial/Territorial regulations

• Explosives (Powder) magazine registered to contain 30,000 kgs of product • Detonator (Cap) magazine registered to contain 20,000 units • As security precaution and to monitor magazine access and as per ERD Federal

regulations, electronic monitoring of magazines will be completed by the Blaster(s) upon each entry into magazines utilizing the electronic fob reader provided

• Signage will be clearly posted at magazines, as required, warning of potential danger, safe distances and hazards in storage vicinity

• Blaster(s) to monitor magazine(s) inventory by continually updating products added/taken in the blasthole logbooks, provided in each magazine

• Magazine inspections to be completed by Blaster(s) on a weekly basis

6.2 Explosive Magazines (On-Site Storage)

Explosives (Amex), will be situated near the worksite, when required. Each pallet will contain 50 bags of Amex, which, will be shrink-wrapped. Explosives stored on-site would be placed in designated work area under constant (24 hour) watch/supervision. Explosives will never be left unattended, at any time.

• Explosives (Powder) stored in powder trucks: 1,500 to 2,000 bags per truck • Explosives (Detonators) stored in powder trucks: 300 to 400 units (or 6 to 8 boxes) per

truck Locations of the magazines will be site specific and will follow the guidelines below:

• a minimum of 500 metres away from camps or any structures that frequently house personnel

• a minimum of 500 metres away from quarrying activities • set on flat terrain to reduce the risk of spillage • area around magazines to be flagged with required signage

7.0 BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Only trained and certified persons will work with explosives. The explosives personnel will undertake formal training and on-the-job training to ensure compliance with legislation. Internal audits and inspections of all components related to the explosives management will be conducted

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on a regular basis by qualified personnel, and the results recorded according to quality and safety standard operating procedures. All recommendations and orders made by regulators and inspectors will be responded to and acted upon accordingly.

7.1 Personnel Training Program Only trained and certified persons will work with explosives. The explosives personnel will undertake formal training and on-the-job training to ensure compliance with legislation. Training requirements will include (but not be limited to): • Specific fire procedures as per the Federal Explosives Act; • First Aid; • Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG); • Blasting Certificate; and • Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS). 8.0 BLASTING OPERATIONS Blasting will be carried out by a certified blasting contractor following blasting regulations and safety protocols and under the supervision of General Contractor. A revised detailed Explosives Management Plan will be developed by the blasting contractor and reviewed by the General Contractor. Blasting operations on the ITH Project will involve a qualified and licensed explosives contractor responsible for all blasting operations. The explosives contractor will be responsible for the inspection of all explosives facilities and the safe operation of all explosives equipment. Weekly reports to the General Contractor detailing total explosives consumption, inventory of ammonium nitrate onsite, other explosives, and safety concerns or incidents will be required. Transport of ANFO and detonators will only be done by trained personnel on controlled roads under rigorous supervision. All explosives transport must comply with the Canadian Explosives Act & Regulations (1985). The drilling of blast holes will be completed by the blasting contractor. Appropriate precautions will be taken to secure the area prior to blasting to ensure the safety of personnel. As well, precautions will be taken to minimize damage from flyrock.

8.1 Blasting Safety Measures Blasting safety procedures on frozen material are described below for blasting on quarry operations:

• No unauthorized person is allowed inside a posted blast area whether the holes have been loaded or not;

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• The Blasting Supervisor and the Blaster are responsible for the safe handling, loading and connection of a blast;

• The Shift Supervisor is responsible for the evacuation of all personnel and equipment from the blast area and the guarding of the blast;

• The Project Superintendent is responsible for notifying the appropriate personnel, aerodromes, and other departments and personnel who may be affected by a particular blast;

• Guards will be posted prior to blast time, and must remain guarding until they are told verbally by the Shift Supervisor that they can leave their position; • Once guards are posted, the blast area must be inspected by the shift supervisor to ensure

that no personnel or equipment remain inside the blast area; • One half hour prior to a blast, the Shift Supervisor will instruct the Wildlife and

Environmental Monitor to inspect with their snowmobiles a 500 metre perimeter for any personnel or wildlife and report back immediately to the supervisor that all is clear

• A blast-warning siren will be sounded for one (1) minute; three (3) minutes after this, the blast will be fired;

• The blaster will only fire the blast when given a direct verbal order to do so by the shift supervisor;

• Before firing a shot, the blaster must ensure the immediate area is clear (i.e. aircraft, etc.); and radio silence is maintained

• The Shift Supervisor and blaster will inspect the fired shot for indications of any problems such as misfires or cut-offs;

• After the blast, the Shift Supervisor will instruct the Wildlife and Environmental Monitor to inspect with their snowmobiles a 500 metre perimeter for any personnel or wildlife and report back immediately to the supervisor that all is clear

• Areas in which charged holes are awaiting firing shall be guarded or posted against unauthorized entry;

• Vehicles containing explosives shall not be taken to the repair shop or any other building for any purpose; no open flames or welding are to be used for field repairs unless explosives are first removed;

• Downhole initiation lines must be attached to a stake planted in the cuttings on all holes; • All loaded patterns, in addition to being marked with blasting signs, shall be clearly

delineated to outline the pattern; • Redrills shall be marked with a plastic cone and be designated by a member of the

blasting crew; the plastic drill cone shall be firmly implanted in the cuttings of the hole to be redrilled; the cone should be removed by the driller before drilling and inverted in the hole after drilling for pickup by the blasting crew;

• Where redrills are required on loaded patterns, the drill must be guided by the Blasting Supervisor, or Blaster or a responsible person designated by them; and

• Service vehicles and fuel trucks are not allowed on a loaded pattern; the drill must pull well clear of the loaded holes before work be done on it; where the drill cannot be moved and service is required, it may be done only under the direct supervision of the Blast Supervisor or designate and all loaded holes must be covered.

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8.2 Spill Prevention

Protecting water-soluble products from rain, snow and the elements is of great consideration. This is primarily an environmental concern to avoid run off of the soluble product which, could adversely affect any streams or other fish bearing waters, waterways accessed by local wildlife or areas of vegetation. There potential for spills to occur when handling packaged ANFO. Other incidents such as fire or explosion are also a risk. Detailed work instructions will be provided in the revised Explosives Management Plan that will be developed by the explosives contractor. In general, the following procedures will be implemented to prevent or mitigate incidents involving spills, fire, or explosion:

• Amex bags are double-lined • Pallets are all shrink-wrapped • If a spill occurs, follow the Spill Contingency Management Plan • All spills to be reported immediately • All spills to be cleaned up immediately, if/when upon occurrence • A spill report form will be completed, documenting the spill • Caution to be used while loading holes to ensure all poured product (Am ex) goes into

blasthole and all Amex surrounding blasthole to be swept into blasthole when loading is complete; prior to blasthole stemming

• Caution to be used while carrying Amex bags during loading process on pattern • Pallets to be sheltered from weather by tarps, until product is used • Explosives not immediately utilized to be stored in proper explosives magazine(s) • All blastholes containing water will be loaded utilizing blasthole liners to prevent seepage

of product into rock and underground waterways. The use of blasthole liners in wet blastholes also, results in maintaining desired rock quality for the shot.

• Ensure that fire extinguishers are provided both inside and outside the facility so that if extinguishers inside could not be used in an incident, outside ones are available. Fire extinguishers must be compatible with flammable materials (water-based where ammonium nitrate is involved).

• Used ANFO bags should be emptied completely and stored outside the facility at a safe

distance from explosives to reduce the fire hazard risk.

• Any spills will be cleaned up and removed immediately to appropriate disposal facility. The spill will be reported and investigation of cause may be required.

• A “NO SMOKING” sign will be posted on visible walls of the facility.

• Ensure that lighters, matches, mobile phones, or radio transmitters or any item that might

conduct electricity is not used at the explosives storage area.

• Follow all transportation, storage, use, and handling procedures outlined in this Plan.

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• Report incidents of “near-miss” and actual accidents to appropriate personnel. Incidents will be investigated to help identify trends and reduce future reoccurrence.

8.3 Disposal of Explosives Explosives and explosive materials can be disposed of by burning, detonation, dissolution in water or solvent, or by chemical destruction. The selected disposal method will depend on the type of explosive, quantity, condition, and specifications from the manufacturer. All destruction of explosives will be carried out by licensed blasting personnel. Destruction of large quantities of explosives will be carried out at a designated location at least 500 m from any building that could be damaged by the detonation. Personnel and other property damage will be avoided by sheltering the detonation area. Small quantities of explosives may be added to production charges in blast-holes for destruction. Blasting personnel will adhere to the following procedures:

• Only a licensed person, or a person under the supervision of a licensed person, is allowed to dispose of or destroy explosives.

• Use a method of disposal that provides the greatest degree of safety to humans and protection of property and the environment. Take adequate precautions to protect against injury or damage to property.

• Ensure that the method of disposal is appropriate to the type and condition of explosives. • Follow recommended disposal method indicated by manufacturer or responsible

authorities. • Unused explosives and explosive waste must be removed and disposed of under the

supervision of or by the blasting contractor.

8.4 DFO Commitments

It is the intent of this plan to follow the Guidelines for the Use of Explosives In or Near Canadian Fisheries Waters as follows:

• Instantaneous Pressure Change (IPC) If blasting is required within 500 meters of a fish bearing water body, monitoring

systems will be in-place to meet the 50 kpa criteria

• Blasting techniques will be revised to minimise water pressure and seismic forces

9.0 INTERNAL AUDIT AND INSPECTIONS

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Internal audits and inspections of all components related to the Explosives Management Plan will be conducted as required by the regulation. Inspections will be done on a regular basis by qualified personnel for physical condition and serviceability, and the results recorded according to quality and safety standard operating procedures. Qualified personnel will perform regular inspections the magazines storing the boosters, caps and explosives to ensure that inventory is documented. All recommendations and orders made by Natural Resources Canada (NRC) Explosives Branch Inspectors, Fire Marshals and Insurance Inspectors will be responded to and acted upon accordingly.

NU

NWTYT

INUVIK - TUKTOYAKTUK GEOTECHNIOCAL INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM

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7654

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7662

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PREPARED FOR

123510689-151

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Metres - 1:100,000

> Kilometre Post

!C Bridge Crossing


!( Culvert Crossing

Q Summer Camp

"R Winter Camp/Summer Storage



Year Two Winter Road

Year Two Winter Access Trail

Year Two Water Access (Winter)






PREPARED BY

03

±

NWTYT

NU


Year Two (South)FIGURE NO. of 05

ProjectLocation


Last

Modif

ied: S

eptem

ber 2

0, 20

13 By

: dbro

wn

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Camp 2(Year 1 and 2)


Year 2 Operational)



Camp 3(Year 2 Move and

Year 3 Operational)

Winter Camp 2(Year 2 and Year 3 Operational)

Summer Camp

Winter Camp 1 (Alternate)(Year 1 Move andYear 2 Operational)

Camp 2 (Alternate)

GSC3

GSC4

I401A

PW19A

PW18

PW11

PW10

NavyPit

314/325

Summer Camp

End of ConstructionYear Two

29A

3729B

35

28 (Jimmy Lake)

KP 24

(Year 2 Operation)

2019

17

21

18

22b

21a

18a

22a

20a

17a

15C

15A

16

15B

KM 30.9KM 30.2

KP 9

KP 8

KP 7

KP 6

KP 5

KP 4

KP 3

KP 2

KP 1

KP 31

KP 30

KP 29KP 28

KP 27KP 26

KP 25

KP 24

KP 23

KP 22KP 21

KP 20

KP 19

KP 18

KP 17KP 16

KP 15

KP 14

KP 13

KP 12

KP 11

KP 10

KP 40

KP 39

KP 38

KP 37

KP 36

KP 35

KP 34

KP 33

KP 32

544000

544000

546000

546000

548000

548000

550000

550000

552000

552000

554000

554000

556000

556000

558000

558000

560000

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562000

564000

564000

566000

566000

568000

568000

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572000

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7620

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7628

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7630

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7632

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7632

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7634

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7634

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7636

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7636

000

PREPARED FOR

123510689-152

0 1,250 2,500 3,750 5,000

Metres - 1:130,000

> Kilometre Post

Q Summer Camp

"R Winter Camp/Summer Storage


!C Bridge Crossing


!( Culvert Crossing



Year Two Winter Road

Year Two Winter Access Trail






PREPARED BY

04

±

NWTYT

NU


Year Three (North, South)FIGURE NO. of 05

ProjectLocation


Last

Modif

ied: S

eptem

ber 2

0, 20

13 By

: CTh

ibode

au

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Winter Camp 3(Year 2 Move and Year 3 Operation)

Winter Camp 2(Year 2 and

Year 3 Operation)


Year 2 & 3 Operational)

Winter Camp 2(Year 2 Move andYear 3 Operation)

309

PW13

174

PW19A

PW18

312 West

314/325

KP 77

KP 78

11BC

KP 70

KP 61

KP 55

KP 54

KP 50B

KP 50A

KP 45

KP 42

KP 41

KM90

KM55

KM53

KM52

KM51

KM50

KM49

KM48

KM47

KM46

KM45

KM44

KM43

KM42

KM41

KM39

KM38

KM89

KM88

KM87

KM86

KM85

KM84

KM83

KM82

KM81

KM80KM79KM78

KM77

KM76

KM75

KM74

KM73

KM72

KM71

KM70

KM69

KM68KM67

KM66

KM65

KM64

KM63

KM62

KM61

KM60KM59

KM58

KM57

KM56

KM54

KM40

26

25

31

27a

24b

29a

24a

30a

23a

27b2

28a

27c

27b

33b33a

KM 70.7

KM 61.7

548000

548000

550000

550000

552000

552000

554000

554000

556000

556000

558000

558000

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560000

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566000

568000

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574000 7624

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7662

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7662

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7664

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7664

000

PREPARED FOR

123510689-153

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Metres - 1:110,000

> Kilometre Post

R Winter Camp/Summer Storage


!C Bridge Crossing


!( Culvert Crossing


Source 177 Access

Year Three Winter Road







PREPARED BY

05

±

EXPLOSIVES MANAGEMENT PLAN - Inuvik Tuk...

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