Exploratory analysis of neighbourhood data
description
Transcript of Exploratory analysis of neighbourhood data
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Exploratory analysis of neighbourhood data
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Census and administrative data
• Lecture overview*Change to Census Registration System*
Objectives of lecture
Introductory questions
Exploratory (spatial) data analysis
Neighbourhood Statistics
CASWEB/CommonGIS
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NB: Updated registration system (8 Mar 04)
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Special conditions…
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Objectives
• To review the principles of exploratory data analysis
• To examine tools for exploratory spatial analysis of neighbourhood data– (Not using the Neighbourhood Statistics
Service)– (Not Using GIS software)– Using CASWEB/CommonGIS
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Introductory questions…
What is exploratory spatial data analysis?
How might it apply to neighbourhood data?
Which tools should I use?
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NeSS Interactive Mapping
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NeSS thematic mapping
Owner occupation: wards
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NeSS thematic mapping
• Conventional choropleth (shaded area) mapping
• One variable at a time• Little control over class breaks• No interactivity• No linked plots
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Exploratory spatial data analysis
• Spatial pattern detection• Hypothesis formulation• Some aspects of spatial model fitting• Specifically:
– What makes neighbourhoods different?– Why might these patterns be present?– Can we explain/predict the observed
relationships?
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Login to Casweb
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Select data as usual…
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Select ‘Visualisation’ option
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Why not use GIS?
• Data management philosophy rather than data exploration
• Sophisticated spatial data manipulation
• Few statistical and analytical tools
• Cartographic rather than statistical approach to mapping
• Less interactivity• Rarely offering
dynamically linked plots
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Casweb/CommonGIS tutorial
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CommonGIS window
Hampshire wards
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Calculation of new variables
Selecting home ownership (outright, buying)
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Interactive thematic mapping
Home ownership
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Neighbourhood ESDA
• Spatial patterns and statistical distributions:– Univariate patterns– Multivariate patterns
• EDA focus on level, shape, spread, outliers
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CommonGIS display wizard
• Select 1 or more variables to visualise
• Map(s) and/or chart(s)• Explore spatial distributions and
attribute relationships• Linked windows• Interactive data exploration
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Linked windows
Home ownership vs no car
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Alternative visualizations
Home ownership vs no car
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Cross-classification
Home ownership vs no car
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Assignment
• Run Casweb/CommonGIS• Work through the tutorial• Use a study area bigger than, but
containing, your original neighbourhood
• Investigate how your neighbourhood fits into the local pattern
• Use 1- and 2- variable measures
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Lecture summary
• Exploratory spatial data analysis• Relevance to understanding the
complex pattern of neighbourhood identities
• Introduction to the CommonGIS tool for exploring and visualising census data
• Assignment