CLASSIFICATION TEST FOR AMINES

AMINES

R NH2R1 NH

R2

R1 N

R2

R3

PROPERTIES OF AMINES

• urine-like odor

• Polar

• Basic

HINSBERG TEST

• differentiating test for 10, 20 and 30 amines

• Reagent: benzenesulfonyl chloride/NaOH

SO

ClO

Amine

10 or 20 Amine

30 Amine

10 Amine

20 Amine benzenesulfonylchloride

No ppt

White ppt +NaOH (aq)

Soluble ppt

Insoluble ppt

SYNTHESIS OF ASPIRIN AND METHYL SALICILATE

ASPIRIN

• Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA)

• Analgesic

• Antipyretic

• Slightly soluble in water

OH

O

O

CH3O

SYNTHESIS OF ASPIRIN

OH

O

OH

CH3

O

O

CH3

O+ H2SO4

OH

O

O

CH3O

+ H2O

SYNTHESIS OF MEHYL SALICYLATE

OH

O

OH

+ CH3 OHH2SO4 OH

O

O

CH3

+ H2O

FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST

• Complexation rxn of Fe3+

• Fe3+ forms a complex with aspirin

STARCH TEST

• Role of starch in pharmaceutical preparation:

– Excipient: diluent or binder

• Reagent: I2

• Formation of iodo-starch complex: bluish-black suspension

SYNTHESIS OF SOAP AND DETERGENT

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Soap – sodium salt of fatty acid

Fatty acid – long chain carboxylic acid

Detergent – sodium salt of long HC chain of thioester

AMPHIPATIC NATURE OF SOAPS AND DETERGENTS

SYNTHESIS OF SOAP

+ NaOH

+ H2O

SYNTHESIS OF DETERGENT

+ NaCl

BASIS OF COMPARISON

SOAP DETERGENT

Structure Na+ salt of fatty acid Na+ salt of thioester

Activity in distilled water

Formation of suds Formation of suds

Activity in Hard Water

Minimal to no suds Formation of scums

No effect suds formation

Test for Glycerol Burnt fat odor No burnt fat odor

TEST FOR GLYCEROL (ACROLEIN TEST)

• Dehydration reaction

KHSO4

+ 2H2O

THANK YOU!