EVOLUTION CLICKER REVIEWCHAPTERS 14, 15, 16

WHICH SCIENTIST USED ROTTING MEAT TO DISPROVE SPONTANEOUS GENERATION?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. A. Spallanzani2. B. Redi3. C. Pasteur4. D. Oparin

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DID NOT EXIST IN THE EARLY ATMOSPHERE?

1 2 3 4 5

20% 20% 20%20%20%1. Oxygen2. Ammonia3. Water vapor4. Methane5. Hydrogen

IF THE HALF-LIFE OF A RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL IS 5, 000 YEARS, THEN HOW MUCH OF A SUBSTANCE WILL REMAIN AFTER 3 HALF-LIVES?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. ½2. ¼3. 1/84. 1/16

HOW OLD IS THE MATERIAL(HALF-LIFE IS STILL 5, 000 YEARS) IF IT CONTAINS 1/16 OF ITS ORIGINAL MATERIAL?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. 5, 000 years2. 10,000 years3. 15,000 years4. 20,000 years

WHAT DID CRITICS CLAIM CAUSED LIFE TO FORM ONCE REDI DISPROVED SPONTANEOUS GENERATION?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Sunlight2. Air3. Vital force4. Dust particles

WHAT DID PASTEUR USE TO DISPROVE THE IDEA OF SPONTANEOUS GENERATION?

1 2 3

33% 33%33%1. A container made

of something other than glass

2. Curved shaped flask to collect the dust particles but keep

3. He covered the container so no light would penetrate the broth

A RIBOZYME IS A/AN

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Ribosome2. RNA molecule3. Enzyme4. Sugar

THE FIRST CELLS ARE THOUGHT TO HAVE RESEMBLED MODERN

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Mitochondria2. Animal cells3. Archaebacteria4. Plant cells

REDI PLACED MEAT IN THE CONTROL CONTAINERS AND COVERED THEM AND PUT MEAT IN THE EXPERIMENTAL CONTAINERS AND LEFT THEM UNCOVERED; HE THEN OBSERVED THEM FOR MAGGOT GROWTH

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

WHAT GAS PROTECTS THE EARTH FROM THE SUN’S HARMFUL RAYS?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Oxygen2. Ozone3. Carbon dioxide4. Water vapor

MANY SCIENTISTS THINK THAT THE FIRST AEROBIC PROKARYOTES INVADED LARGER CELLS AND EVENTUALLY GAVE RISE TO THE CHLOROPLAST

1 2

50%50%

1. True2. False

THE FIRST PROKARYOTES OBTAINED THEIR FOOD THROUGH INORGANIC MOLECULES SYNTHESIZED INTO ORGANIC MOLECULES

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

THE FIRST CELLS WERE MOST LIKELY HETEROTROPHIC PROKARYOTES.

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

FOX CREATED SPHERICAL SHAPED STRUCTURES CALLED COACERVATES THAT WERE COMPOSED OF PROTEINS THAT COULD BUD TO FORM MORE LIKE ITSELF

1 2

50%50%

1. True2. False

HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES, DNA SIMILARITIES, AND EMBRYOLOGICAL SIMILARITIES SUGGEST THAT

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%

1. We lived at different times

2. We came from a common ancestor

3. We evolved from proto cells

4. We are becoming simpler organisms

ORGANS WITH NO APPARENT FUNCTION ARE CALLED

1 2 3

33% 33%33%1. Analogous structures

2. Homologous structures

3. Vestigial structures

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%

INHERITED TRAITS THAT GIVE AN ORGANISM AN ADVANTAGE TO SURVIVAL ARE CALLED

1. Lethal mutations

2. Acquired traits3. Adaptations4. Oncogenes

ADAPTIVE RADIATION IS AN EXAMPLE OF DIVERGENT EVOLUTION (DARWIN’S FINCHES)

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

A MAJOR FACTOR INFLUENCING CONVERGENT EVOLUTION IS

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. A common gene pool2. Adaptation to similar

environments3. Similar ancestry4. Belonging to the same

genus

WHICH ANSWER BEST REPRESENTS THIS STATEMENT: THAT ORGANISMS DO NOT CHANGE IN ORDER TO SURVIVE, THAT THE ENVIRONMENT DETERMINES WHICH ORGANISMS SURVIVE.

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%

1. The theory of acquired traits

2. Lamark’s ideas3. the idea that

the fossil record is false

4. Darwin’s ideas

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT PART OF DARWIN’S THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTIONS

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Variation2. Struggle for

existence3. Use or disuse of

organs4. overproduction

MOST FOSSILS ARE FOUND IN IGNEOUS ROCK

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION STATES THAT THE YOUNGER FOSSILS ARE FOUND DEEPER IN THE ROCK LAYER.

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

THE VARIATIONS NEEDED FOR SPECIES TO ADAPT TO A NEW ENVIRONMENT ARE CAUSED BY

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Casts 2. Gradual

changes3. Punctuated

changes 4. Mutations

WHICH SCIENTIST BELIEVED THAT CHANGES IN LIMB STRUCTURE ARE DUE TO MUTATION AND GENETIC RECOMBINATION?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Darwin2. Lamark3. Both Darwin and

Lamark 4. Neither Darwin

nor Lamark

WHICH SCIENTISTS WOULD HAVE BELIEVED THAT WINGS ARE AN ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTIC?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Darwin2. Lamark3. Both Darwin and

Lamark 4. Neither Darwin

nor Lamark

THE FLYING SQUIRREL OF NORTH AMERICA CLOSELY RESEMBLES THE FLYING PHALANGER OF AUSTRALIA. THEY ARE SIMILAR IN SIZE, STRUCTURE, AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE. THE SQUIRREL IS A MAMMAL WHILE THE PHALANGER IS A MARSUPIAL. THEY ARE GENETICALLY AND GEOGRAPHICALLY SEPARATED BY A GREAT DISTANCE, WHICH CAN BE BEST EXPLAINED BY

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%

1. Convergent evolution

2. Divergent evolution3. Spontaneous

generation4. Vestigial structures

WHICH TYPE OF SELECTION WILL OCCUR WHEN INDIVIDUALS WITH THE MOST FAVORABLE VARIATIONS SURVIVE AND PASS THEM ON TO OFFSPRING

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Directional2. Stabilizing3. Natural4. Disruptive

THE TYPE OF SELECTION THAT MAY ELIMINATE THE INTERMEDIATE PHENOTYPE IS

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Directional 2. Polygenic3. Stabilizing4. Disruptive

WHICH COMBINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS IN A POPULATION WOULD PROVIDE THE GREATEST POTENTIAL FOR EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Small populations and

many mutations2. Small populations and

few mutations3. Large populations and

few mutations4. Large population and

many mutations

MIGRATION WILL CHANGE THE FREQUENCY OF ALLELES IN A POPULATION

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

IF A POPULATION CONTAINS 20/100 BLACK SQUIRRELS WHICH REPRESENTS THE RECESSIVE PHENOTYPE, WHAT IS THE FREQUENCY OF THEM IN THE POPULATION

1. 2. 3. 4.

25% 25%25%25%

1. .102. .203. .304. .40

SPECIATION MAY OCCUR WHEN ADAPTIVE RADIATION OCCURS

1 2

50%50%1. True2. False

EVOLUTION THAT OCCURS SLOWLY AND CONTINUALLY OVER TIME IS CALLED

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Directional2. Gradualism3. Punctuated4. Stabilizing

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES A POPULATION?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Dogs and cats in Crystal Lake, IL

2. Roses and tulips in a garden

3. Dogwood trees in Middletown, Connecticut

4. Four species of fish living in a pond

THE HYPOTHESIS THAT EVOLUTION OCCURS AT AN IRREGULAR RATE THROUGH GEOLOGIC TIME IS KNOWN AS

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Punctuated evolution

2. Directional equilibrium

3. Directional evolution

4. Genetic equilibrium

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN EXAMPLE OF AN ISOLATING MECHANISM?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. A river separating members of a population

2. A female frog not recognizing the males’ crock for reproduction

3. Finch’s competing for same seeds

4. Random mating

IN ORDER FOR SPECIATION TO BEGIN, THERE MUST BE

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Continuous breeding

2. Geographic isolation

3. Convergence4. Divergence

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE OF STABILIZING SELECTION?

1 2 3 4

25% 25%25%25%1. Giraffe neck length

2. Acorn size3. Anteater’s

tongue length4. Human birth

weight