evgenia unanianci guram svaniZetraccc.gmu.edu/pdfs/publications/tbilisi_center_publications/... ·...

evgenia unanianciguram svaniZe

korufcia saqarTvelossagzao seqtorSi

Tbilisi2004

Transnational Crime andCorruption Center (TraCCC)

Georgia Office

transnacionaluri danaSaulisada korufciis kvleviTi centri

saqarTvelos ofisi

winamdebare naSromi eZRvneba saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi korufciisa daaraefeqturi saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis problemebs. saqarTveloSi gzebis mZimemdgomareoba qveyanas akargvinebs milionobiT dolars sagzao mosakreblebisa dagadasaxadebis saxiT, amasTanave aferxebs TRACECA-s proeqtis ganxorcielebas,romelSic saqarTvelo 1993 wlidan Caeba. zogadad arsebuli arasakmarisidafinansebis problemas, rac naTlad aisaxeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sagzaoseqtorze, kidev ufro amZimebs am sferoSi arsebuli korufciia, cudi menejmenti,arasworad organizebuli administraciuli struqtura, gadasaxadebis mokrefisaraefeqturi sistema da didi darRvevebi Semosavalebis mobilizebaSi, rasacxels uwyobs sxva uwyebebis ukanono qmedebebic. centralizebuli sistemisSenarCuneba sagzao seqtorSi noyier niadags qmnis korufciis ganviTarebisaTvissaxelmwifo Sesyidvebisa da xarisxis kontrolis sferoebSi. amasTanave, saxelmwifosagzao administraciis kontroli sagzao fondSi Tanxebis mobilizebaze iZlevasaxelmwifo saxsrebis gaflangvis saSualebas. ekonomikuri situaciis,kanonmdeblobis, institucionaluri struqturebis SeswavliT da saxelmwifosagzao seqtoris SigniT Tu sxva organizaciebTan da dawesebulebebTanurTierTobebis gamokvlevis Sedegad dadginda saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSikorufciis masStabebi, meTodebi da misi gamomwvevi mizezebi. naSromSi saubariaimaze, Tu ra gavlenas axdens sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufcia da saxelmwiforesursebis araswori marTva qveynis saerTo ekonomikur mdgomareobaze, agreTvemocemulia rekomendaciebi saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi korufciis alagmvis,resursebis mobilizebisa da saxelmwifo xarjebis efeqtianobis amaRlebis Sesaxeb.

saredaqcio kolegia:

luiz Seli, erik skoti, SoTa papava, qeTevan rostiaSvili, giorgiRlonti, irina kakoiaSvili

recenzentebi:

elCi tod stiuarti, doqtori seli stokeri

winamdebare naSromi Sesrulebulia amerikis universitetis transnacionaluridanaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTi centris (TraCCC) saqarTvelos ofisisprogramis farglebSi, romelsac afinansebs aSS saxelmwifo departamentissaerTaSoriso narkotikebisa da samarTaldamcavi organoebis saqmeTa saxelmwifobiuro (INL) aSS iusticiis departamentis sazRvargareTis qveynebSi prokuraturisganviTarebis xelSewyobisa da swavlebis ofisis koordinaciiT (DOJ/OPDAT)

© amerikis universitetis transnacionaluri danaSaulisada korufciis kvleviTi centris saqarTvelos ofisi

stamba “poligrafi”Tbilisi, 26 maisis moedani, # 2

ISBN 99928-0-832-2

Eugenia UnanyantsGuram Svanidze

CORRUPTION IN THE ROADSECTOR OF GEORGIA

TBILISI2004

Transnational Crime andCorruption Center (TraCCC)

Georgia Office

transnacionaluri danaSaulisada korufciis kvleviTi centri

saqarTvelos ofisi

This paper addresses the problem of corruption and poor public management in the road sector of Georgia.The poor condition of roads in Georgia costs the country millions of dollars in revenues from road taxes andfees, and impedes the development of the TRACECA project which Georgia committed to back in 1993. Thegeneral problem of insufficient financing, which largely accounts for the state of roads in Georgia, is furtheraggravated by endemic corruption, poor management, an ill-designed organizational structure of the stateroad administration, inefficient tax collection, and major distortions of revenue accumulation through theillegal practices of other agencies. The preservation of the centralized command system in the road sectorhas created grounds for corruption in the public procurement and quality control. Meanwhile, the state roadadministration’s control over the accumulation of funds in the Road Fund provides room for the embezzle-ment of public funds. The study of legislation, economic situation, institutional structure and relations withinthe road sector of Georgia, as well as interactions with other sectors and agencies, has resulted in identifyingthe levels, methods and underlying reasons for corruption in the road sector of Georgia. The paper discussesthe effects of corruption and mismanagement of public resources in the road sector on the overall economicsituation in the country and provides recommendations for curtailing corruption and increasing efficiency inresource accumulation and public spending in the road sector of Georgia.

EDITORIAL BOARD:

Louise Shelley, Erik Scott, Shota Papava, Ketevan Rostiashvili, Giorgi Glonti, Irine Kakoiashvili

ADDITIONAL REVIEW AND CRITIQUE PROVIDED BY:

Ambassador Todd Stewart and Dr. Sally Stoecker

This research project was conducted within the framework of the Georgia Office of the American University’sTransnational Crime and Corruption Center (TraCCC)’s grants program. Financial support was provided bythe Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs of the U.S. Department of State, incoordination with the Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development Assistance and Training (DOJ/OPDAT)of the U.S. Department of Justice.

© American University’s transnational Crime andCorruption Center (TraCCC) Georgia Office

Printed in Polygraph Ltd.

2, 26 May Sq., Tbilisi

ISBN 99928-0-832-2

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reziume ......................................................................................................................................................................................7gamoyenebul terminTa/akronimTa ganmartebebi ........................................................................ 111 Sesavali ............................................................................................................................................................................122 kvlevis miznebi ........................................................................................................................................................123 meTodologia ............................................................................................................................................................... 134 arsebuli mdgomareobis mokle mimoxilva ...............................................................................16

4.1 saqarTvelo, rogorc satranzito qveyana ........................................................................164.1.1 regionuli monacemebi .................................................................................................................164.1.2 saqarTvelo da traseka ............................................................................................................164.1.3 sagzao transportis seqtori da sagzao gadazidvebi saqarTveloSi .......................................................................................................................................174.1.4 saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis konkurentunarianoba .................................................................................................................... 18

4.2 saqarTvelos sagzao seqtori .......................................................................................................214.2.1 statistikuri monacemebi gzebis Sesaxeb ..............................................................214.2.2 saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis marTva ............................. 224.2.3 sabWoTa memkvidreoba ................................................................................................................. 234.2.4 ra jdeba kargi gza? .................................................................................................................... 244.2.5 korufcia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi .......................................................... 25

5 erovnuli kanonmdebloba ............................................................................................................................. 265.1 saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris maregulirebeli kanonebi da sakanonmdeblo aqtebi ............................................................................................................................. 265.2 kanonebisa da maregulirebeli aqtebis darRvevebi .......................................... 285.3 sakanonmdeblo da maregulirebeli aqtebis Seusruleblobis mizezebi.....................................................................................................................................................................33

6 1996 wlis saprezidento programa .................................................................................................... 366.1 programis Sinaarsi .................................................................................................................................... 366.2 programis ganxorcieleba ..................................................................................................................38

7 sagzao seqtoris saxelmwifo marTva ...........................................................................................417.1 saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti ............417.2 funqciebisa da valdebulebebis Sesrulebis done ........................................... 437.3 ssgsd-s organizaciuli sakiTxebi da saqarTvelos sagzao fondi . 457.4 korufcia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi da sagzao seqtoris

aratransparentuloba ............................................................................................................................. 498 finansebi .......................................................................................................................................................................... 56

8.1 ssgsd-s Semosavlebi da sagzao gadasaxadebi ........................................................... 568.2 ssgsd-s danaxarjebi ................................................................................................................................ 67

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9 saerTaSoriso daxmareba .............................................................................................................................. 7310 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi da xarisxis kontroli ............................................................. 79

10.1 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi ....................................................................................................................... 7910.1.1 korufciis mizezebi Sesyidvebis praqtikaSi ................................................. 7910.1.2 Sesyidvebis axal pirobebTan adaptacia ............................................................. 8110.1.3 reformebi: realuri Tu moCvenebiTi? .....................................................................85

10.2 xarisxis kontroli ................................................................................................................................ 9011 daskvnebi ........................................................................................................................................................................ 92

11.1 korufcia, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi da gare kontroli ................................... 9211.2 finansebi da gadasaxadebis akrefa ...................................................................................... 9511.3 ssgsd-s funqciebis Sesruleba ................................................................................................... 9711.4 saqarTveloSi gzebis mdgomareoba da xarisxis kontroli ................... 9711.5 cudi gzebis negatiuri Sedegebi............................................................................................... 99

12 rekomendaciebi ......................................................................................................................................................101boloTqma ........................................................................................................................................................................... 103danarTi 1 – satransporto statistika ........................................................................................... 107danarTi 2 - satransporto marSrutebis statistikuri monacemebi...............110danarTi 3 – sakanonmdeblo aspeqtebi...............................................................................................112danarTi 4 – saprezidento programa: samuSao grafiki da dafinanseba ... 124danarTi 5 – ssgsd-s struqtura da valdebulebebi ....................................................... 130danarTi 6 – sagzao gadasaxadebi da mosakreblebi....................................................... 137danarTi 7 – ssgsd-s Semosavlebi 1996-2003 wlebSi ........................................................ 142danarTi 8 – ssgsd-s danaxarjebi 1996-2003 wlebSi ........................................................... 143danarTi 9 – saerTaSoriso grantebi da kreditebi........................................................ 145danarTi 10 - ssgsd-s 1996-2003 wlebis tenderebi.................................................................153danarTi 11 - sajaro tenderebSi monawileobaze uaris Tqmis mizezebi..155danarTi 12 – saqarTvelos kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb .......... 156bibliografia ............................................................................................................................................................... 177

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winamdebare naSromi saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciisSesaxeb momzadda transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTicentris saqarTvelos ofisis mier. kvleva mimdinareobda 2003 wlis april–oqtomberSi. Catarebuli kvleva miznad isaxavda:

1. saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciis donisa da forme-bis dadgenas

2. Sefasebas im gavlenisa, romelsac saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSiarsebuli korufcia axdens qveynis ekonomikur da socialurganviTarebaze

aRniSnuli miznebidan da Tavad problemis specifikidan gamomdinare Catardaxarisxobrivi kvleva. kvlevisas gamoviyeneT Semdegi meTodebi:

§ oficialur monacemTa wyaroebis siRrmiseuli Seswavla

§ aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli qarTuli da ucxouri literaturismimoxilva

§ mTavrobis, satransporto da samSeneblo kompaniebisa da menardeebiswarmomadgenelTa gamokiTxva

amierkavkasiis regioni, romelsac miekuTvneba saqarTvelo, somxeTi daazerbaijani, dasavleTidan aRmosavleTisaken da samxreTidan CrdiloeTisakenmimarTuli msoflio savaWro da satransporto marSrutebis gadakveTazemdebareobs. xelsayreli adgilmdebareobidan gamomdinare, saqarTvelosaqvs realuri SesaZlebloba saerTaSoriso transportirebaSi CarTvis dasatranzito qveynad ganviTarebisa.

1993 wels saqarTvelo CaerTo evrokavSiris mier dafinansebul “evropa-kavkasia-aziis” satransporto derefnis (traseka) proeqtSi, romlis mizaniasatransporto derefnis ganviTareba evropidan kavkasiisa da kaspiis zRvisgavliT centraluri aziisken. es gaxldaT saqarTvelos mier saerTaSorisosatranzito funqciis Sesasruleblad gadadgmuli mTavari nabiji, magramaTi wlis Semdegac trasekas derefnis saqarTvelos monakveTi daRmasvlasganicdis. amis mravali mizezi arsebobs, maT Soris erT-erTi mniSvnelovaniasaqarTvelos gzebis mZime mdgomareoba, rac sagzao seqtorSi arsebulikorufciisa da misi araswori marTvis Sedegia.

sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufcia qarTul masmediaSi farTodganixileba, magram sagzao seqtoris xelmZRvanelobis korumpirebulobisada gamomZalvelobis gamomzeurebas samarTaldamcavi da antikorufciulistruqturebis mxridan saTanado reagireba ar mohyolia.

1992 wels saqarTvelos ministrTa kabinetis dadgenilebiT Seiqmna saxel-mwifo sawarmo “saqavtogza”. es sawarmo mxolod ekonomikur saqmianobas

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eweoda da raime politikur-administraciuli funqcia ar gaaCnda. sagzaoseqtoris marTva xorcieldeboda saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier. 1995 wels“aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqturisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb”kanoniT, “saqavtogzas” mieniWa mmarTvelobiTi funqcia da igi gaxdasaxelmwifo koncerni “saqavtogza”. 1997 wels “saqavtogza” saqarTvelossaavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentad (ssgsd) gardaiqmna.

1997 wlidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebze pasuxismgebeluwyebas saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentiwarmoadgens. ssgsd saxelmwifos saxeliT gankargavs qveynis teritoriazearsebul saerTaSoriso da Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis gzebs. ssgsdangariSvaldebulia saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da parlamentis winaSe, magramrealurad mxolod saqarTvelos prezidents eqvemdebareba.

1996 wlamde saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris dafinansebis erTaderT wyaroscentraluri biujeti warmoadgenda. 1996 wels Seiqmna saxelmwifo sagzaofondi (ssf), romlis Semosavlis ZiriTadi wyaro sagzao gadasaxadebia.ssf aris gadasaxadebis amkrefi uwyeba da angariSvaldebulia ssgsd-sxelmZRvanelobis winaSe.

ssgsd-s Seqmna miznad isaxavda sagzao seqtoris regulirebis, grZelvadianisaxelmwifo programebis SemuSavebas, kontrolsa da finansur analizs,magram es struqtura dRemde ver asrulebs masze dakisrebulivaldebulebebis umetesobas.

rac Seexeba sakanonmdeblo bazas, Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi, korufciisaRmofxvris nacvlad, xels uwyobs mis gavrcelebas sagzao seqtorSi. kvlevisprocesSi Seswavlili iqna sagzao seqtorTan uSualod dakavSirebuli 8kanoni da 58 brZanebuleba. xSirad axali kanonebis miReba miznad isaxavsim sakiTxebis gadaWras, romlebic manamde miRebul kanonebSi ar iqnagaTvaliswinebuli. amis Sedegad kanonmdebloba kidev ufro gaurkveveli,bundovani xdeba da SesaZlebelia misi nairgvari interpretacia. Catarebulikvlevis Sedegad aRniSnuli kanonebisa da maregulirebeli aqtebis mimarTsaxelmwifo uwyebebis damokidebuleba mokled SeiZleba ase Sefasdes:“kanoni arsebobs imisaTvis, rom dairRves”. aseTive zerele damokidebulebaSeimCneva gadasaxadebis akrefis, saerTaSoriso grantebisa da grZelvadianikreditebis aTvisebis mimarTac.

ramdenime samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo organizaciam moamzada angariSebisaqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciis Sesaxeb, magram maTmTavrobis reagireba ar mohyolia.

1996 wels prezidentis #388 brZanebulebiT Seiqmna samTavrobo komisia,romlis mizansac warmoadgenda saqarTveloSi gzebis qselis Camoya-libebisaTvis grZelvadiani programis SemuSaveba da zedamxedveloba misganxorcielebaze. komisiam SeZlo mxolod programis teqstis momzadeba.igive ganmeorda ssf-s sakonsultacio sabWos Seqmnisas, romlis wevrebicweliwadSi erTxel Tu ikribebodnen, Tumca am Sexvedrebs konkretuliSedegi ar mohyolia. garda amisa, Zalze dabalia koordinaciis xarisxi

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sxvadasxva saxelmwifo departamentebs Soris. metic, xSiria undoblobisada politikuri dapirispirebis faqtebi, ris gamoc SezRudulia informaciisgacvla da xSirad xdeba departamentebs Soris gadaricxvebis Seferxeba.

unda aRiniSnos, rom xSirad mTavrobis programebi ararealuria da imTaviTvewarumateblobisTvisaa ganwiruli. magaliTad, 1996 wels miRebulisaprezidento programis dafinanseba verasdros aRwevda gansazRvrulodenobas, Sesabamisad, mdgomareobac dRiTidRe mZimdeboda.

Seqmnis dRidan ssf-s mimarT mravali kiTxva wamoiWra, magaliTad: aris Tuara saqarTveloSi imis saWiroeba, rom saxelmwifo sagzao fondis saxsrebida sagzao gadasaxadebis saxiT Semosuli Tanxebi mxolod qveynis sagzaoseqtoris dafinansebisaTvis ixarjebodes? romel uwyebas unda gaaCndesgadasaxadebis akrefis uflebamosileba? unda eqvemdebarebodes Tu arasaxelmwifo sagzao fondi saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifodepartaments?

Cveulebisamebr, gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis menarde organi-zaciebis xelmZRvanelebs ssgsd-s TanamSromlebTan “zedmetad Tbili”urTierTobebi aqvT. es kompaniebi yofili sabWoTa sawarmoebia, romelTa“privatizacia” moxda mxolod im mizniT, rom ssgsd-ze samuSaos miwodebis,ssf-ze ki dafinansebis mxriv yofiliyvnen damokidebulni. samuSaoebisganawilebis sistema uaRresad gaumWvirvalea da “otkatis”∗ principiTxorcieldeba. axali kompaniebi ver aRweven sagzao samuSaoebis bazarze,sadac korufciam imdenad gaidga fesvebi, rom saqmianoba wamgebiani xdeba.aseTi sistemis Camoyalibebas xeli Seuwyo arsebulma sakanonmdeblobazamac.

rogorc wesi, saerTaSoriso saxsrebiT dafinansebul sagzao proeqtebzekontroli ukeT xorcieldeba, radganac xarisxis Semowmeba mesame mxaresekisreba, Tumca amas yovelTvis rodi sdevs gzebis gaumjobeseba _ xSiradsamuSaoebis dasrulebidan or weliwadSi gza isev SekeTebas saWiroebs.

korufciis uamravi faqti arsebobs gadasaxadebis akrefis sferoSic, gansa-kuTrebiT xSiria korufciis SemTxvevebi sabaJo departamentSi. araerTxelaRiniSna aWaris xelmZRvanelobis mier gadasaxadebisa da mosakreblebissaxiT mobilizebuli saxsrebis arasruli gadmoricxva centralur biujetSi.amasTan, SeimCneva darRvevebi avtotransportis registraciisa da teqnikuriSemowmebis dros, qveyanaSi benzinis aRuricxavi importi da gayidva, sagzaoderefanze mSeneblobis kontrolis nakleboba (rac uaryofiTad moqmedebssagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebaze), rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobisTvisdawesebuli gadasaxadis arasruli akrefa da a.S

yovelive amis negatiuri Sedegebi TvalsaCinoa. nebismier mcdelobas, biujetiufro realurad Sedges, azri ekargeba, radgan dagegmili xarjebi iSviaTad

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∗ ukanono sakomisio gadasaxadi maTTvis (gansakuTrebiT maRali Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis) vincgexmarebaT biznes garigebaSi. piter qolini – inglisur-qarTuli iuridiuli leqsikoni, IRIS –saqarTvelo, Iberthed – Press Publishers, Tbilisi 2002 weli

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emTxveva realurad gaweul xarjebs. amas emateba samuSaoebis cudi dagegmva,cvlilebebi kanonmdeblobisa da finansuri saxsrebis mobilizebisprocesebSi da informaciis nakleboba sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebidan.

yovelive es uaryofiT gavlenas axdens avtosatransporto gadazidvebze.am sferoSi dasaqmebuli pirebi ukmayofiloni arian imis gamo, rom didigadasaxadebis miuxedavad gzebis xarisxi ar umjobesdeba.

Cndeba kiTxva: Tu momsaxurebis xarisxi ver umjobesdeba finansuri saxsrebisukmarisobis gamo, Rirs ki imis xarjva, rac gvaqvs, aseT uxarisxomomsaxurebaze?

kontrolis palatam mravali “umniSvnelo darRveva” (maT mier gamoyenebulitermini) aRmoaCina ssgsd-s sabuRaltro angariSebSi, magaliTad, “SecdomiT”gadaricxuli Tanxebi, romlebic mogvianebiT daabrunes ssgsd-s angariSze;gadasaxadebis arasrulad gadaxdis faqtebi, rogoricaa: specialurirezervebis, mogebis, fizikur pirTa saSemosavlo, qonebis, dRg-s, socialuridacvisa da jandacvis fondebSi gadasaxadebis gadauxdeloba; kerZosawarmoebisTvis manqana-danadgarebis miqiraveba da sxv.

saerTaSoriso finansuri daxmarebisa da kreditebis saxiT miRebuli Tanxebissgsd-s xelmZRvanelobis mier araerTxel iqna nacadi xerxiT gamoyenebuli.magram aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas iSviaTad Tu xdeba qarTvelan ucxoel eqspertTa azris gaTvaliswineba. amasTan dakavSirebiT msofliobankis programis xelmZRvanelma batonma anti talvitim aRniSna: “nebismieriqveynisaTvis arasworia sakredito saxsrebiT gzebis movla-Senaxvisdafinansebis strategia; es saxsrebi sagzao qselis gaumjobesebisa dadagrovili saremonto samuSaoebis Sesamcireblad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli”.

daskvna: korufcia sagzao seqtoris yvela doneze gvxvdeba, magram es iseveassgsd-s xelmZRvanelebis TviTnebobis Sedegi, rogorc sxva saxelmwifouwyebebis mier saqmianobis arasworad warmarTvis, aradamakmayofilebelikontrolis, gaugebari da mudmivad cvalebadi sakanonmdeblo bazisa.

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gamoyenebul terminTa/akronimTa ganmartebebi

§ TRACCC - GO - transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTicentri, saqarTvelos ofisi

§ ssgsd – saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti

§ ssf – saqarTvelos sagzao fondi

§ sSs – saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento

§ traseka – “evropa-kavkasia-aziis” satransporto derefani

§ ECMT - transportis ministrTa evropuli konferencia

§ saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebi - saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSimyofi gzebi

§ sauwyebo gzebi – kerZo an saxelmwifo organizaciebis kuTvnilteritoriaze arsebuli, Senoba-nagebobebTan misasvleli gzebi

§ saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi – saqarTvelosa dasxva qveynebis mniSvnelovani samrewvelo da kulturuli centrebisdamakavSirebeli gzebi

§ Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saavtomobilo gzebi – saqarTvelosteritoriaze arsebuli gzebi, romlebic akavSirebs administraciul,industriul da kulturul centrebs; aseve, samxedro dagansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis gzebi

§ adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi – gzebi, romlebicerTmaneTTan akavSirebs dasaxlebul punqtebs, administraciul centrebs,saerTaSoriso da respublikur gzebs

§ reabilitacia – dazianebuli gzebis aRdgena da saerTaSorisostandartebis donemde miyvana

§ modernizacia – gzebis gamtarunarianobis gazrda, rac gulisxmobscalkeuli monakveTebis rekonstruqciasa da misasvleli gzebismSeneblobas

§ saxelmwifo koncerni “saqavtogza” – 1992-97 wlebSi saqarTvelossagzao seqtorze pasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo sawarmo, romelic 1997wels ssgsd-d gardaiqmna

§ “otkati” – ukanono sakomisio gadasaxadi maTTvis (gansakuTrebiT maRaliTanamdebobis pirTaTvis), vinc gexmarebaT biznes garigebaSi

gamoyenebul terminTa/akronimTa ganmartebebi

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1 Sesavali

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciis kvleva mimdinareobda2003 wlis april–oqtomberSi amerikis universitetis transnacionaluridanaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTi centris saqarTvelos ofisis (TRACCC– GO) mier. transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTi centrissaqarTvelos ofisi 2003 wlis ianvarSi Seiqmna vaSingtonis amerikuliuniversitetis transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTcentrTan TanamSromlobis Sedegad. TRACCC - GO awarmoebs saqarTveloSiorganizebuli danaSaulisa da korufciis sakiTxebis intensiur kvlevas.damatebiTi informacia ganTavsebulia Semdeg misamarTze: http://www.traccc.cdn.ge

kvleva Catarda evgenia unaniancisa da guram svaniZis mier, romelsac ekuT-vnis winamdebare angariSis saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisa da xarisxis kontrolisnawili. maT exmarebodnen moxaliseebi: rusudan ZigraSvili da qeTevan Coxeli.gvsurs gansakuTrebuli madloba vuTxraT elCs tod stiuarts, doqtorseli stokers da doqtor qeTevan rostiaSvils maTi konstruqciuli dasasargeblo SeniSvnebisaTvis, agreTve andro dadians angariSis TargmanisaTvis,mixeil gogolaSvils naSromis redaqtirebisaTvis da TraCCC-is vaSingtonisada saqarTvelos ofisebis proeqtis xelmZRvanelebs kvlevis warmarTvisasda angariSis momzadebisas gaweuli daxmarebisaTvis.

2 kvlevis miznebi

Catarebuli kvleva miznad isaxavda:

1. saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciis donisa da forme-bis dadgenas

2. im gavlenis Sefasebas, romelsac saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebulikorufcia axdens qveynis ekonomikur da socialur ganviTarebaze

zemoaRniSnuliA miznebis misaRwevad mkvlevrebis mier daisaxa konkretuliamocanebi:

§ saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli mdgomareobis aRwera

§ korufciisa da araswori marTvis im faqtebis gamovlena, romlebicgavlenas axdens saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorze

§ kanondarRvevebis gamovlena saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi

§ im sakanonmdeblo xarvezebis dadgena, romlebmac, SesaZloa, xeli Seuwyos(an xels uwyobs) ukanono Semosavlebis miRebas

1 Sesavali2 kvlevis miznebi

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§ sagzao seqtoris mmarTvelobisa da sxva samTavrobo uwyebebis saqmiano-baSi im aspeqtebis gamovlena, romlebic xels uSlis arsebuli resur-sebis efeqtian gamoyenebas

§ dadgena imisa, ra gavlenas axdens sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciagzebis xarisxze

§ rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra SeiZleba gakeTdessaqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli mdgomareobis gasaumjo-beseblad.

3 meTodologia

kvlevis miznebidan da Tavad problemis specifikidan gamomdinare, saqarT-velos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufciis kvleva xarisxobriv kvlevaswarmoadgens. kvlevisas gamoviyeneT qvemoT CamoTvlili meTodebi:

§ oficialur monacemTa siRrmiseuli Seswavla

§ kvlevis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli araoficialuri qarTuli daucxouri masalebis mimoxilva

§ pirveladi monacemebis Segroveba aRniSnul sferoSi moqmedi ZiriTadimxareebis warmomadgenelTa gamokiTxvis saSualebiT (magaliTad, sagzaoseqtoris mmarTvelobis, samSeneblo kompaniebis, avtosatransportouwyebebis, avtogadamzidveli kompaniebisa da saxelmwifo uwyebebiswarmomadgenlebisa)

§ gzebis safaris, infrastruqturisa da sagzao samuSaoebis daTvaliereba.

oficialuri monacemebi

naSromSi gamoyenebuli informaciis ZiriTad wyaros oficialuri dokumen-tebi warmoadgens. maT Sorisaa: kanonebi da sakanonmdeblo aqtebi,gamoqveynebuli oficialuri dokumentebi da saxelmwifo uwyebaTaCanawerebidan amokrebili masalebi. miuxedavad imisa, rom oficialuriwyaroebidan miRebuli informacia iSviaTad aris srulyofili dapasuxismgebeli Tanamdebobis pirebis damatebiT ganmartebas saWiroebs,xSirad igi saWiro informaciis erTaderT wyaros warmoadgens.

naSromSi gamoyenebuli oficialuri monacemebia: erovnuli kanonmdebloba;saqarTvelos parlamentis dokumentebi; kontrolis palatis mierCatarebuli inspeqciebis masalebi; saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentosdaskvnebi ssgsd-s mier ganxorcielebuli Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb; dokumenturiinformacia saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentidan;

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erovnuli antikorufciuli biuros daskvnebi; sagzao policiis mTavarisammarTvelodan miRebuli informacia, msoflio bankis angariSisaqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis seqtoris Sesaxeb (romelic ssgsd-mmogvawoda); statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebi daparlamentis sabiujeto ofisis monacemebi.

araoficialuri masalebis mimoxilva

kvleviTma jgufma Seiswavla masalebi, romlebic moicavda: qarTuli dasaerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier manamde Catarebuli kvlevebis angariSebssaqarTveloSi arsebuli korufciis Sesaxeb; arasamTavrobo organizaciebisada masmediis masalebs sakvlevi sakiTxis Sesaxeb; masalebs zogadadkorufciasTan brZolis saerTaSoriso gamocdilebis, konkretulad ki gzebismSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis sferoSi gamovlenili korufciiswinaaRmdeg aRZruli saqmeebis Sesaxeb.

masalebis gacnobis Sedegad SesaZlebeli gaxda saqarTveloSi korufciis,ufro zustad ki gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis sferoSi arsebuliproblemebis ukeT gaazreba. gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis sferoSigamovlenili korufciis faqtebis winaaRmdeg aRZruli saqmeebis Sesaxebmasalebis gacnobam xeli Seuwyo saqarTvelos sagzao sferoSi arsebulikorufciis Taviseburebebis gamovlenas. sagazeTo statiebisa da sateleviziogadacemaTa Canawerebis meSveobiT miviReT sawyisi informacia am seqtorSiarsebuli korufciis Sesaxeb, rac dagvexmara, kvlevisas uyuradRebod ardagvrCenoda esa Tu is detali.

amTaviTve unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi Seqmnilrealur viTarebaze arsebuli oficialuri Tu araoficialuri informaciametad mwiria.

pirveladi monacemebis Segroveba

respondentTa SesarCevad gamoviyeneT miznobrivi SerCevis meTodi. kvlevissaWiroebebidan gamomdinare, gamokiTxulTa jgufi 32 respondentisaganSedgeboda, romlebic sam kategoriad SeiZleba davyoT:

§ sagzao seqtoris warmomadgenlebi

§ avtosatransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebi

§ qarTveli eqspertebi

sakvlevi jgufi Semdegi Semadgenlobisaa: 6 ssdsg-s warmomadgeneli, 7samSeneblo sawarmos wevri, 4 avtogadamzidveli, 6 satvirTo satransportosaSualebis mZRoli, 3 satransporto sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavroboorganizaciis warmomadgeneli, 2 avtosatransporto sammarTveloswarmomadgeneli, 4 eqsperti. erTis garda, yvela respondenti Suaxnis mamakacia,romelsac aRniSnul sferoSi, xSirad ki erTsa da imave organizaciaSi

3 meTodologia

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wlebis manZilze SeZenili praqtikuli gamocdileba da codna gaaCnia.

raki gamokiTxvis mizans informaciis Segroveba da kvlevis TemasTandakavSirebul sakiTxTa Sesaxeb respondentTa Sexedulebebis dafiqsirebawarmoadgenda, gamokiTxvisas gamoviyeneT struqturuli kiTxvarebi, romlebicxSirad individualurad SemuSavda. interviuerebis mier xdeboda gamokiTxvismimdinareobisas miRebuli informaciis zusti Cawera. gamokiTxulTaAkon-fidencialuroba garantirebuli iyo.

angariSis momzadeba

informaciis mopovebis Semdeg etapebs Seadgenda masalebis daxarisxeba,maTi analizi, daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba da amis safuZvelzeangariSis momzadeba.

winamdebare angariSi pirobiTad SeiZleba sam nawilad daiyos:

§ pirveli nawili moicavs naSromSi gamoyenebuli terminebis ganmartebas,reziumes, Sesavals, kvlevis miznebis aRweras, gamoyenebul meTodologias,arsebuli mdgomareobis mokle mimoxilvas (masSi ganxiluliasaqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis roli da saqarTvelos sagzaoseqtoris ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi)

§ meore nawili eTmoba kvlevis Sedegad gakeTebul aRmoCenebsa da analizs,romlebic ramdenime qveTaviT aris warmodgenili da konkretulsakiTxebs Seexeba. danarTebSi asaxulia monacemTa Segrovebisa daSesabamisi masalebis damuSavebis Sedegad mopovebuli faqtobriviinformacia (saTanado miTiTebebiT), rac mkiTxvels kvlevis SedegadgakeTebuli SeniSvnebis ukeT gagebaSi daexmareba

§ mesame: angariSi moicavs daskvnebs saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSiarsebuli korufciis donisa da im gavlenis Sesaxeb, romelsac igiaxdens qveynis ekonomikur da socialur ganviTarebaze, aseve rekomen-daciebs korufciis Sesamcireblad da saqarTvelos avtosatransportoseqtorSi arsebuli mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad.

3 meTodologia

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4 arsebuli mdgomareobis mokle mimoxilva

4.1 saqarTvelo, rogorc satranzito qveyana

4.1.1 regionuli monacemebi

saqarTvelo Savi zRvis aRmosavleTiT mdebareobs. misi teritoria daax-loebiT 69700 kvadratul kilometrs Seadgens. CrdiloeTiTa da Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT mas ruseTi, aRmosavleTiTa da samxreT-aRmosavleTiT _azerbaijani, samxreTiT _ somxeTi, xolo samxreT-dasavleTiT TurqeTiesazRvreba. qveyanas dasavleTiT ekvris Savi zRva.

amierkavkasiis regioni, romelsac saqarTvelo, somxeTi da azerbaijanimiekuTvneba, msoflio savaWro da satransporto marSrutebis gadakveTazemdebareobs. amis gamo saqarTvelos metad xelsayreli adgilmdebareobaaqvs saerTaSoriso transportirebaSi CarTvisa da satranzito qveynadganviTarebisaTvis.

qveynis satransporto sistema Sedgeba sahaero, sarkinigzo, sagzao da sazRvaoqselebisagan. sagzao qselis mTliani sigrZe 20229 km-s Seadgens, sarkinigzoqseli ki 1576 km-ia, maT Soris 974 km sarkinigzo gadazidvebisaTvis gamoiyeneba.saqarTvelos aqvs ori sazRvao porti (foTsa da baTumSi) da oTxiaeroporti (TbilisSi, quTaisSi, baTumsa da senakSi).

4.1.2 saqarTvelo da traseka

1993 wels daiwyo evropa-kavkasia-aziis satransporto derefnis Seqmnisproeqti, romelic axali “abreSumis gzis” saxeliTac aris cnobili. proeqtidaafinansa evrokavSirma da masSi 1993 wlidan monawile yazaxeTs, uzbekeTs,TurqmeneTs, yirgizeTs, tajikeTs, azerbaijans, somxeTsa da saqarTvelos1996 wels SeuerTda ukraina da monRoleTi. aRniSnuli proeqtis mizaniasatransporto derefnis ganviTareba dasavleTidan aRmosavleTismimarTulebiT (evropa _Savi zRva _ gavliT, kavkasia _ kaspiis zRva _centraluri azia)1 .

trasekas proeqtSi monawileoba im saxelmwifo politikis nawilia, romelicsaqarTvelos satranzito qveynad Camoyalibebas gulisxmobs. saqarTvelossatranzito potencialis gamoyeneba qveynis strategiad, xolo satransportoseqtoris reabilitacia da misi winsvla ekonomikuri ganviTarebisprioritetadaa miCneuli. 1992 wlidan moyolebuli, saerTaSoriso daxmarebissaxiT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovan finansur saxsrebs iRebda satransporto

1 traseka-s proeqtis Sesaxeb detaluri informaciisaTvis ixileT www.traceca.org


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sistemis ganviTarebisaTvis. Cveni gaTvlebiT, 1992-2002 wlebSi satransportoseqtorisaTvis donori qveynebisa da saerTaSoriso finansuri organiza-ciebis mier (msoflio banki, evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebisbanki, quveiTis fondi, evrokavSiri, iaponiis mTavroba da sxv.)2 grantebisada kreditebis saxiT daaxloebiT 342 milioni aSS dolari da 101 milionievro iqna gamoyofili. zemoaRniSnuli Tanxidan daaxloebiT 82 milioniaSS dolari saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi mdgomareobis gaumjobesebiskeniyo mimarTuli3 . miuxedavad imisa, rom zemoaRniSnuli cifrebi sagulisxmoa,Tanxebis mxolod garkveuli nawili ixarjeboda uSualod infrastruqturisreabilitaciasa da ganviTarebaze, danarCeni saxelmwifo uwyebebisrestruqtuirebas, sakonsultacio momsaxurebasa da sxva miznebs xmardeboda.

4.1.3 sagzao transportis seqtori da sagzao gadazidvebisaqarTveloSi

2002 wlis monacemebiT, saqarTvelos saavtomobilo parki 47841 msubuqi,47681 satvirTo da 22738 samgzavro avtomanqanisagan Sedgeboda. dResdReobiTavtosagzao satransporto meurneobis 90% kerZo, xolo 10% jer kidevsaxelmwifo sakuTrebaa. saavtomobilo parki ZiriTadad moZvelebulia daavtomanqanebis raodenoba maTze realurad arsebul moTxovnas verakmayofilebs4 .

saavtomobilo transportis departamentis informaciiT, saqarTvelosSidasaxelmwifoebriv da saerTaSoriso saavtomobilo marSrutebze 100legaluri samgzavro transportirebis sawarmo moqmedebs. aralegalurisatransporto saqmianoba jer kidev did problemas warmoadgens, radganlegalur satransporto sawarmoTa wili bazarze moqmed sawarmoTa saerToraodenobis mxolod 50-60%-s Seadgens5 .

saqarTveloSi saerTaSoriso avtosagzao gadazidvaTa dargis politikamoicavs: 20 qveyanasTan saxelmwifoTaSorisi xelSekrulebis dadebas; 14saerTaSoriso konvenciasTan mierTebas (maT Soris ECMT sistemasTan)6 ; 18didi da mravali mcire qarTuli Tu saerTaSoriso avtosagzao gadamzidvelisawarmos Camoyalibebas, romlebic saerTaSoriso da Sida marSrutebze

2 aRniSnuli gaTvlebi gakeTda 2002 wels saqarTvelos prezidentTan arsebuli ucxouri investiciebissakonsultacio sabWos samdivnos mier momzadebuli publikaciis “saerTaSoriso Tanamegobroba dasaqarTvelo 1992-2002” monacemebze dayrdnobiT3 saqarTvelos mTavrobisaTvis saerTaSoriso daxmareba Cveulebisamebr ramdenime welze arisgawerili da saxsrebis gamoyofa damokidebulia wina an mimdinare proeqtebis warmatebiTganxorcielebaze. ase rom, wina proeqtebis Tanmdevi Seferxebebi da Cavardnebi abrkolebda axalgrantebsa da kreditebs. amis gamo gamoyofili Tanxebi srulad ar iqna aTvisebuli. saqarTvelosgzebis reabilitaciisaTvis gankuTvnili finansuri saxsrebis aTviseba mravali uwyebisa da proeqtissaSualebiT xorcieldeboda, anu ssgsd ar yofila am sferoSi saerTaSoriso daxmarebis erTaderTimimRebi.4 saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier evropis ekonomikuri komisiis saxmeleTo transportis komitetisaTviswardgenili satransporto sferos ganviTarebis Sesaxeb Sevsebuli kiTxvari5 citata amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikis sakiTxebze gamarTul erToblivseminarze saavtomobilo transportis departamentis ufrosis gamosvlidan, Tbilisi, 18-19 aprili,2002 weli.6 ECMT - transportis ministrTa evropuli konferencia


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imoqmedebs, aseve tvirTebis gadamzidvel saagentoTa, avtosagzaogadamzidvelTa da avtosamgzavro sawarmoTa profesiuli asociaciebisada kavSirebis Seqmnas7 .

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, saqalaqTaSoriso da saerTaSorisosatransporto sawarmoebis dafuZnebaze aranairi SezRudva ar arsebobs.1999 wels miRebuli “samewarmeo saqmianobis Sesaxeb” kanoniT, avtosagzaosatransporto saqmianobisaTvis licenzia ar aris saWiro. tvirTebisgadamzidvel da mgzavrTa transportirebis sawarmoTaTvis tarifebssaxelmwifo ar awesebs. mTavroba aregulirebs mxolod saqalaqTaSorisoda municipaluri sazogadoebrivi transportis tarifebs; Tumca yvelaavtosagzao satransporto sawarmo valdebulia, saavtomobilo transportisdepartamentSi regulirebis mosakrebeli gadaixados8 .

4.1.4 saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveyniskonkurentunarianoba

saqarTvelos teritoriis gavliT 1990-2002 wlebSi transportirebulitvirTebis saerTo moculoba daaxloebiT 681.9 milion tonas Seadgens, maTSoris 426.5 milioni tona saavtomobilo gzebiT gadaizida. transporti-rebuli tvirTebis yvelaze didi moculoba 1990-1991 wlebSi aRiniSna, racZiriTadad saqarTveloSi Semosuli didi raodenobiT humanitaruli tvirTiTda misi tranzitiT aixsneba. klebis tendencia 1992 wlidan daiwyo da 1997wlamde gagrZelda, rodesac saqarTveloSi kvlav imata tvirTebistransportirebam. mas Semdeg saqarTveloSi tvirTebis zrdis stabiluritendencia SeimCneva da man 2002 wels 37.4 milion tonas miaRwia. miuxedavadamisa, saqarTvelom veRar moaxerxa 1990-1991 wlebis maCveneblis miRweva.wlebis manZilze avtosagzao gadazidvebi tvirTebis (22.5 milioni tona2002 wels) da mgzavrTa transportirebis ZiriTad saSualebad rCeba(transportis Sesaxeb statistikuri monacemebi ix. danarTSi 1)9 .

miuxedavad saqarTvelos gavliT tvirTebis moculobis zrdisa, rogorcCans, trasekas derefnis saqarTvelos monakveTis konkurentunarianobaSesustda. aRniSnul sakiTxebze Catarebuli kvlevebis SedegebiT, satranzitotvirTebis gadamzidvelebi saqarTvelos gverdis avlas da alternatiulmarSrutebs (ruseTi-yazaxeTi, TurqeTi-irani da a.S.) amjobineben. saqarTve-loSi saerTaSoriso gadazidvebis umetesi nawili mezobel qveynebSi iRebssaTaves da warmoadgens momsaxurebas eqsport-importis saxiT ansaqarTvelos Savi zRvis sanapiroze arsebuli portebisaken miemarTeba.rogorc eqspertebma daadgines, “saqarTvelos teritoriis gavliT avto-

7 citata amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikis sakiTxebze gamarTul erToblivseminarze saavtomobilo transportis departamentis ufrosis gamosvlidan, Tbilisi, 18-19 aprili2002 weli8 amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikis sakiTxebze gamarTul erTobliv seminarze,saavtomobilo transportis departamentis ufrosis gamosvlis danarTi, Tbilisi, 18-19 aprili 2002weli9 “saqarTvelos socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba 2002”, saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifodepartamenti


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sagzao Tu sarkinigzo saSualebebiT moZravi tranzituli tvirTebis95%-is warmoSobis adgili azerbaijani da somxeTia. aziis qveynebidanwamosuli tvirTebis xvedriTi wili umniSvneloa da mimdinare wlebismonacemebiT, aSkarad klebulobs. azerbaijanidan da somxeTidan wamosulitvirTebi saqarTvelos portebis tvirTbrunvis udides nawils Seadgens(54%), aziis qveynebidan wamosuli tvirTebi ki _ 3%-ze naklebs.”10

saqarTvelos transportisa da komunikaciebis ministrma aRniSna, rom erT-erT umTavres faqtors, ris gamoc trasekas saqarTvelos monakveTiskonkurentunarianoba Sesustda, arsebuli infrastruqturis arasakmarisitvirTgamtaroba warmoadgens, rac mudmiv Seferxebebsa da finansurdanakargebs iwvevs11 . Tavis mxriv, avtosatransporto sferos xelmZRvanelobagamudmebiT xazs usvams satransporto derefnis warmatebuli funqcio-nirebisaTvis gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis aucileblobas. trase-kas konkurentunarianobisa da saqarTvelos satranzito gamtarobis gaZlie-rebas, mTavrobis azriT, xels uSlis Semdegi faqtorebi:

§ srulyofili da saerTo sakanonmdeblo bazis arqona

§ sxvadasxva samTavrobo struqturebis araadekvaturi da dauba-lansebeli satarifo politika

§ sabaJo da sasazRvro-gamSveb punqtebze administraciul proceduraTaharmonizaciis miuRwevloba

§ sabaJo da sxva uwyebaTa mier dawesebuli ukanono gadasaxadebi;

§ garTulebuli sabaJo da makontrolebeli procedurebi

§ maRali gadasaxadebi, maT Soris sagzao gadasaxadebi

§ saxelmwifoTaSorisi xelSekrulebebis Seusrulebloba

naSromSi “saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis funqcia da mdgradiganviTareba”12 , trasekasa da misi saqarTvelos monakveTis daknineba SemdegifaqtorebiT aixsneba:

§ ufro moqnili satarifo politikis arseboba derefnis ruseTisa dairanis monakveTebze (mag., erTi tona mSrali tvirTis transportirebisfasi zemoaRniSnuli monakveTebis 1km-ze 51%-iT naklebia, vidre saqarT-

10 arCil gegeSiZe: saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis funqcia da mdgradi ganviTareba(aRniSnuli naSromi warmoadgens saqarTvelos mdgradi ganviTarebis erovnuli Sefasebis angariSisnawils. aRniSnuli angariSi wardgenili iyo mdgradi ganviTarebis msoflio samitze da misimoZieba SesaZlebelia vebgverdze: http://www.johannesburgsummit.org11 m. adeiSvilis mier warmoTqmuli sityva amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikissakiTxebze gamarTul erTobliv seminarze, Tbilisi, 18-19 aprili 2002 weli12 a. gegeSiZe: saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis funqcia da mdgradi ganviTareba (aRniSnulinaSromi warmoadgens saqarTvelos mdgradi ganviTarebis erovnuli Sefasebis angariSis nawils.aRniSnuli angariSi wardgenili iyo mdgradi ganviTarebis msoflio samitze da misi moZiebaSesaZlebelia veb gverdze: http://www.johannesburgsummit.org


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velos gavliT. msgavsi mdgomareobaa sakonteinero gadazidvebis sfero-Sic, sadac sxvaoba fasSi 63.3%-s Seadgens)

§ marSrutze ori saborne gadakveTis arseboba (saborne gadakveTasTandakavSirebuli teqnikuri Taviseburebebi amcirebs sarkinigzo gada-zidvebis maCveneblebs rogorc siCqaris, ise efeqturobis TvalsazrisiT)

§ saporto momsaxurebisTvis dawesebuli gaumarTleblad maRali tari-febi Sav zRvaze arsebul sxva portebTan SedarebiT

§ sazRvris gadakveTis garTulebuli procedurebi da sagzao policiisukanono qmedebebi

§ saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebze usafrTxoebis gauareseba da sagzaomoZraobis ararentabeluroba (mag., saqarTvelos satranzito monakveTis(450km) gavlas 4-5 dRe sWirdeba, nacvlad realuri 1-2 dRisa. gadasaxadebis(araoficialuris CaTvliT) odenoba 700-800 aSS dolars Seadgens, racniSnavs, rom xarji erT kilometrze TiTqmis 2 aSS dolaris tolia.evropaSi erT kilometrze gzis xarji aRniSnulis naxevaria. Sesabamisad,azerbaijanisa da centraluri aziis qveynebSi daniSnulebis adgilzemosaxvedrad Turquli kompaniebi iranze gamaval marSruts amjobineben:miuxedavad imisa, rom igi 500 km-iT grZelia, misi gavla 3-jer iafijdeba.

sagzao satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenelTa gamokiTxvis SedegebmakvleviT jgufs saSualeba misca, saqarTvelos sagzao satransportoseqtorisa da sagzao gadazidvebis sferos ganviTarebis ZiriTadixelisSemSleli faqtorebi amoecno da ase daexarisxebina:

1. sabaJo gadasaxadebi da procedurebi

2. sabaJos Tanamdebobis pirTaTvis gankuTvnili ukanono gadasaxadebi

3. korufcia sagzao policiaSi

4. gzebis mZime mdgomareoba

5. mouqneli biurokratiuli meqanizmebi

6. piradi usafrTxoebis nakleboba

oficialuri monacemebi im danakargebis Sesaxeb, rasac saqarTvelo ganicdisgadamzidvelTa winaSe wamoWrili problemebis gamo, “konfidencialuri”aRmoCnda, Sesabamisad, kvleviTi jgufisTvis miuwvdomeli. eqspertTagaTvlebiT ki, mTeli trasekas derefnis mier dakarguli satranzitotvirTebis moculoba wliurad 15 milion tonas Seadgens13 .

13 a. gegeSiZe: saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis funqcia da mdgradi ganviTareba (aRniSnulinaSromi warmoadgens saqarTvelos mdgradi ganviTarebis erovnuli Sefasebis angariSis nawils.aRniSnuli angariSi wardgenili iyo mdgradi ganviTarebis msoflio samitze da misi moZiebaSesaZlebelia veb gverdze: http://www.johannesburgsummit.org)


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rac Seexeba saqarTvelos gzebs, isini umZimes mdgomareobaSia da, rogorcCans, qveyanas sagzao qselis movla-SenaxvisaTvis saWiro minimalurisamuSaoebis uzrunvelyofac ki ar SeuZlia. mTeli yuradReba gadataniliaim saavtomobilo gzebis SekeTebaze, romlebzec saerTaSoriso marSrutebigadis, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi da adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebi kiugulebelyofilia da savalalo dReSi imyofeba.

Sedegad, ferxdeba mTlianad trasekas satransporto derefnis ganviTareba,tvirTebis gadazidvebi da mgzavrTa gadayvana, rac saqarTvelos, rogorcsatranzito qveynis funqciis SezRudvas iwvevs. metic, kargad movliligzebis qselis simcire xels uSlis qveynis Seuqcevad ekonomikur zrdasada mis CarTvas globalur ekonomikur da politikur procesebSi,samarTlianad iwvevs mezobeli qveynebis ukmayofilebas, romlebic tvirTebistransportirebis mxriv saqarTveloze arian damokidebulni.

4.2 saqarTvelos sagzao seqtori

4.2.1 statistikuri monacemebi gzebis Sesaxeb

saqarTveloSi ori tipis saavtomobilo gza arsebobs: saerTo sargeblobisda sauwyebo. es ukanaskneli kerZo an saxelmwifo organizaciebis sakuTrebaSimyof teritoriaze arsebul Senoba-nagebobebTan misasvleli gzebia. saerTosargeblobis gzebis marTvaze pasuxismgebelia saxelmwifo uwyebebi, xolosauwyebo gzebis marTvaze _ maTi mflobelebi.

saavtomobilo gzebis saerTo sigrZe 20229 km-s Seadgens. aqedan 1474 kmsaerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis mqone gzebia (romlebic saqarTvelos sxvaqveynebTan akavSirebs), 3326 km _ Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi (isini aerTebssaqarTvelos qalaqebsa da regionul centrebs) da 15429km _ adgilobrivimniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi (ix. danarTi 2).

saerTaSoriso gadazidvebisaTvis saqarTvelos xuTi ZiriTadi saavtomobilomagistrali gamoiyeneba:

§ foTi-Tbilisi-wiTeli xidi (saqarTvelo-azerbaijanis sazRvari) –saerTaSoriso gzis 404-km-iani monakveTi, romelic Savi zRvis portebs_ baTumsa da foTs kaspiis zRvis portebTan _ baqosa da astarasTanakavSirebs. es gza evropidan, azerbaijanidan, somxeTidan da centraluriaziis qveynebidan wamosuli tvirTebis did nawils, aseve iranidan damcire raodenobiT avRaneTidan wamosul tvirTebs emsaxureba. ammarSruts saqarTvelos umTavres saerTaSoriso saavtomobilo gzadmiiCneven

§ mcxeTa-yazbegi-larsi (saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvari) – mas saqarTve-los samxedro gzasac uwodeben – 139-km-iani monakveTi, romelic erT-


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erTia saqarTvelos ruseTTan damakavSirebeli ori ZiriTadi marSru-tidan. igi aseve ruseTsa da amierkavkasiis sxva qveynebTan _ azer-baijanTan da somxeTTan ekonomikuri kavSiris erT-erTi ZiriTadi saSua-lebaa (gansakuTrebiT somxeTTan, romelic mis ZiriTad ekonomikur dastrategiul partnior ruseTTan mimosvlas mxolod saqarTvelosgavliT axorcielebs)

§ sarfi-baTumi-ureki-samtredia (igi foTi-Tbilisi-wiTeli xidis mTavarmagistrals uerTdeba) – gzis 127-km-iani monakveTi, romelic saqarT-velosa da TurqeTs akavSirebs. aRniSnuli gza gamoiyeneba tvirTebistransportirebisaTvis sarfidan (saqarTvelo-TurqeTis sazRvarze mdebaredasaxlebuli punqti) da baTumis portidan daniSnulebis adgilisaken

§ xaSuri-axalcixe-TurqeTis sazRvari – gzis 98-km-iani monakveTi, romelicTurqeTidan tvirTebis transportirebis mniSvnelovani marSruti masSemdeg gaxda, rac TurqeTis sazRvarze, sofel galesSi, axalisakontrolo-gamSvebi punqti gaixsna. es gza xaSuris gavliT foTi-Tbilisi-wiTeli xidis ZiriTad magistrals uerTdeba

§ Tbilisi-marneuli-guguTi (saqarTvelo-somxeTis sazRvari) _ gzis 97-km-iani monakveTi, romelic saqarTvelos somxeTTan akavSirebs da somxeTissatranzito tvirTebis ZiriTad nawils emsaxureba.

qveynis saavtomobilo gzebis Semadgenloba mravalferovania: gzebis 9073km asfalt-betonis, betonis anda sxva tipis myari safarisaa; gzebis 9417km-s xreSis zedapiri aqvs, danarCeni 1379 km gruntis gzebia. saerTaSorisomniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi ZiriTadad orzoliania, oTxzolianisaavtomobilo gzebi ki mxolod didi qalaqebis SesasvlelebSi gvxvdeba(intensiuri moZraobis gamo).

sagzao infrastruqtura aseve moicavs: 4077 sagzao xids (romelTa saerTosigrZe 86919 metria); 23944 km sadrenaJo mils, 10 km-ze meti sigrZis gvirabebsda 3 km-ze meti sigrZis TovlsawinaaRmdego galereebs. sagzao qselSiSedis 16 mniSvnelovani uReltexili, aqedan 9 zamTarSi gauvalia; danarCeni7-is funqcionireba klimatur pirobebzea damokidebuli.

4.2.2 saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis marTva

saqarTveloSi arsebobs specialuri sagzao administraciuli uwyeba –saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti (ssgsd),romelic flobs da marTavs qveynis teritoriaze arsebul saerTaSorisoda Sidasaxelmwifoebriv saavtomobilo gzebs. adgilobrivi mniSvnelobisgzebi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis mier imarTeba. ssgsdangariSvaldebulia saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da parlamentis winaSe, magramrealurad igi mxolod saqarTvelos prezidents eqvemdebareba.

ssgsd pasuxismgebelia sagzao samuSaoebis dagegmvaze, dafinansebaze, teqnikurzedamxedvelobasa da xarisxis kontrolze. rodesac sagzao samuSaoebis


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dafinanseba ssgsd-s saxsrebiT an misi meSveobiT xorcieldeba, kerZo menardesssgsd arCevs. SerCevis procesi regulirdeba saqarTvelos kanoniT“saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” da sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT, romelTamixedviT, garda gamonaklisisa, menarde konkursis wesiT unda gamovlindes.

1996 wlamde saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris dafinansebis erTaderT wyaroscentraluri biujeti warmoadgenda. 1996 wels Seiqmna saqarTvelos sagzaofondi (ssf) da SemoiRes sagzao gadasaxadebi, romlebic ssf-s Semo-savlebis ZiriTadi wyaroa. ssf ssgsd-s daqvemdebarebuli gadasaxadebisamkrefi uwyebaa. saqarTveloSi arsebobs rva saxis sagzao gadasaxadi,magram ssf-s Semosavlebis ZiriTadi nawili saerTo sargeblobis saavto-mobilo gzebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadze modis. 1996 wlidanmoyolebuli, garda ssf-s Semosavlebisa, ssgsd-m donori qveynebisa dasaerTaSoriso finansuri organizaciebisagan ramdenime granti da grZel-vadiani krediti miiRo.

2002 wlisaTvis ganxorcielda gzebis movla-Senaxvis sawarmoTa 80% dagzebis samSeneblo sawarmoTa 100%-is privatizacia. kontrolis palatismonacemebiT, 1997 wels ssgsd-s daqvemdebarebaSi 103 sagzao samSeneblo dasaremonto sawarmo iyo. maTi privatizeba msoflio bankis rekomendaciebissafuZvelze 1998 wels daiwyo da umaRles dones 2000-2001 wlebSi miaRwia.darCenili sawarmoebi, romlebSic saxelmwifos wili 100%-s Seadgens, 2001wels saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministros daeqvemdebara, romelicmogvianebiT ekonomikis, vaWrobisa da mrewvelobis saministrosdepartamentad gardaiqmna. ssgsd-s monacemebiT, dResdReobiT saqarTveloSi60 sagzao samSeneblo da saremonto sawarmo arsebobs. privatizebis SedegadCamoyalibebuli sagzao samSeneblo da saremonto sfero duned viTardeba.privatizebul saxelmwifo sawarmoTagan konkurentunarian kompaniadmxolod ramdenime Camoyalibda. maT gaafarToves sawarmoo baza, SeisyidesTanamedrove teqnika da SeuZliaT gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-SekeTebisdid proeqtebSi monawileoba. danarCeni ZiriTadad sabWoTa periodidanSemorCenili, moZvelebuli teqnika-danadgarebiT sargeblobs, ar moepovebamodernizaciisaTvis saWiro resursebi da kriziss ganicdis. aqve undaaRiniSnos, rom miuxedavad sagzao samSeneblo da saremonto sferosprivatizebis, sagzao samSeneblo Tu movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebis ZiriTad,xSirad erTaderT, damkveTs ssgsd warmoadgens.

4.2.3 sabWoTa memkvidreoba

sagzao seqtoris privatizebisa da reformirebisaTvis gaweuli Zalisxmevismiuxedavad, es sfero dRemde ar Secvlila. sabWoTa periodSi saqarTvelosmTeli teritoria ramdenime aTeul zonad iyo dayofili da TiToeulmaTgans sakuTari sagzao samSeneblo, saremonto da saeqspluataciosammarTvelo emsaxureboda. sagzao samuSaoebis dagegmva, dafinanseba,teqnikuri zedamxedveloba da miReba-Cabareba wliuri gegmis mixedviTxorcieleboda saxelmwifo sagzao sammarTvelos mier. igi pasuxismgebeliiyo am samSeneblo, saremonto da saeqspluatacio sammarTveloebis


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momaragebaze, rac moicavda Sesabamisi resursebiT uzrunvelyofas daSemowmeba/audits. sagzao samuSaoebis zonaluri principiT ganawilebadRemde ZalaSi rCeba, gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac dafinansebamcirea da menardis gamosavlenad konkursi ar aris savaldebulo14 .

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departaments, romelicsaavtomobilo gzebis saministros, Semdeg ki saxelmwifo koncern“saqavtogzis” bazaze Camoyalibda, arsebiTi cvlilebebi ar ganucdia. Tavisdroze misi reorganizacia ramdenjerme wamoiwyes msoflio bankis eqspertTarekomendaciebis safuZvelze. Sedegad, ssgsd-s ramdenime sammarTvelo gamoeyo,xolo sxvebma restruqtuireba ganicada. amis miuxedavad, organizaciisZiriTadi Semadgenloba (maRali da saSualo Tanamdebobis pirebi15, teqnikuriStati, ssgsd-sa da axla ukve kerZo sagzao sawarmoebis xelmZRvanelebi)da funqciebi (politikis gansazRvra, dafinanseba da sagzao seqtoriskontroli) TiTqmis ucvleli darCa.

4.2.4 ra jdeba kargi gza?

saqarTvelos gzebze msjelobisas am dargis warmomadgenelTa mxridanxSirad gaismis: “gza Zviri siamovnebaa”. unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTveloSisagzao samuSaoebis Rirebuleba gansxvavdeba gzis parametrebisa dareliefis mixedviT. msoflio bankis gaangariSebiT (romelic sazomierTeulis saxiT farTod gamoiyeneba), sagzao samuSaoTa saSualo RirebulebasaqarTveloSi Semdegia:

mimdinare SekeTeba

perioduli SekeTeba reabilitacia rekonstruqcia

gzis saxeoba aSS dolari

km-ze aSS dolari

km-ze aSS dolari

km-ze aSS dolari

km-ze

saerTaSoriso 1,300 11,000 130,000 250,000

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi asfaltis 1,000 9,000 100,000 200,000

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi xreSis 350 3,150 35,000 75,000

adgilobrivi asfaltis 400 3,000 25,000 -

adgilobrivi xreSis 200 1,000 10,000 -

wyaro: kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa dasauwyebo dawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 30 oqtomberi, 2002 weli

14 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procesi detalurad aris aRwerili me-10TavSi15 2003 wlis “xaverdovan revolucias” ssgsd-Si kadrebis Zireuli Secvla mohyva, gansakuTrebiTxelmZRvanel rgolSi


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ssgsd-s TanamSromelTa informaciiT, rekonstruqcia da axali gzebismSenebloba mTian regionebSi 1 kilometrze 5 milion aSS dolarsac kiaRwevs.

1998 wels msoflio bankis eqspertis gaangariSebiT, saqarTvelos mTelisagzao qselis mimdinare movla-Senaxvisa da saremonto samuSaoebis wliuriRirebuleba 100 milion aSS dolars16 Seadgenda, rac sakmarisi undayofiliyo gzebis saTanado doneze SenarCunebisaTvis im pirobiT, Tu maTCautardeboda perioduli movla-Senaxvisa da reabilitaciis samuSaoebi.

samwuxarod, finansebis simciris gamo, gzebis regularuli da saTanadomovla-Senaxvisa da reabilitaciis samuSaoebi bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSiar Catarebula. 1992-95 wlebSi mravali gza imdenad gafuWda, rom maTiSekeTeba SeuZlebelia. miuxedavad imisa, rom 1996 wels viTareba SedarebiTgamosworda, 2002 wlis mdgomareobiT, saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobissaavtomobilo gzebis 70%, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi gzebis 80% da adgilobrivimniSvnelobis gzebis 90% reabilitacias saWiroebda. gaangariSebebiT,saqarTvelos gzebis mTeli qselis reabilitaciisaTvis saWiro Tanxa 566milion aSS dolars Seadgenda17 . Tu gaviTvaliswinebT ssf-s Semosavlebs,es astronomiuli cifria (2002 wels ssf-s mTlianma Semosavalma 43.913milioni lari Seadgina, rac daaxloebiT 20 milioni aSS dolaris tolia).

1996 wels sagzao seqtorSi mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad, prezidentisgankargulebiT sagzao qselis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis 15-wlianiprograma daiwyo. misi savaraudo Rirebuleba 2 miliard aSS dolarsSeadgenda. programis ganxorcielebis pirvelive 5 wlis Semdeg deficitma200 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina.

4.2.5 korufcia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli korufcia farTod ganixilebaqarTul masmediaSi, magram sagzao seqtoris xelmZRvanelobis korufciaSimxilebas samarTaldamcavi da antikorufciuli struqturebis seriozulireagireba ar mohyolia. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos mTavariauditoruli uwyebis _ kontrolis palatis mier Catarebuli inspeqciebisSedegad mTeli rigi darRvevebi gamovlinda, am faqtiT antikorufciulibiuro, parlamentis sagamoZiebo komitetebi da generaluri prokuraturaar dainteresebula. saqarTveloSi praqtikulad ar arsebobs dainte-resebuli jgufebis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da individualuripirebis kontroli sagzao seqtorze.

amave dros, sazogadoebaSi farTodaa gavrcelebuli azri, rom saqarTvelossagzao seqtorSi korufcia mZvinvarebs. prezident SevardnaZis reJimis

16 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da sauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 30 oqtomberi, 2002 weli17 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da sauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 30 oqtomberi, 2002 weli


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dros ssgsd-s xelmZRvanelobas mmarTveli politikuri Zalis mimarT zedmetloialobaSi adanaSaulebdnen da ssf-s xSirad uwodebdnen “prezidentisada misi partiis saarCevno yulabas”. nawilobriv amiT aixsneba sagzaoseqtoris “imuniteti” sazogadoebrivi zedamxedvelobisgan.18

5 erovnuli kanonmdebloba

saqarTvelos erovnuli kanonmdeblobis SemuSavebis procesi qveynisdamoukideblobis gamocxadebis dRidan (1991 weli) mimdinareobs. qveyanaSiarsebuli viTarebis Secvlis, axali politikuri da ekonomikurisirTuleebis warmoSobis gamo, arsebul kanonmdeblobaSi uamravi cvlileba,Sesworeba da damateba Sevida. amasTan, es procesi naucbaTev xasiaTs atarebdada, bunebrivia, sdevda uamravi xarvezi, rac iwvevda qveynis ekonomikuri,socialuri Tu politikuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoebSi arsebuliproblemebis kidev ufro gamwvavebas, nacvlad maTi gadaWrisa. amis gamoxdeboda kanonmdeblobis mudmivi koreqcia. saxelmwifo uwyebebs es kidevufro urTulebda swori politikis SemuSavebasa da ganxorcielebas.

5.1 saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris maregulirebelikanonebi da sakanonmdeblo aqtebi

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi mimdinare procesebis, masSi wlebis manZilzearsebuli problemebis Seswavla mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo dokumentebissafuZvelze moxda. esenia: kanonebi, sakanonmdeblo da aRmasrulebelixelisuflebis mier miRebuli dadgenilebebi, gankargulebebi dabrZanebulebebi. kvlevis dros SeviswavleT sagzao seqtorTan dakavSi-rebuli 8 kanoni da 58 dadgenileba, brZanebuleba Tu gankarguleba daganvixileT sxva mravali sakanonmdeblo aqti. naSromSi gamoyenebuli yvelaoficialuri dokumenti gamocemulia 1992 wlidan dRemde. Seswavlilidokumentebi moicavs: saqarTvelos parlamentis mier miRebul kanonebsada dadgenilebebs; 1992-1995 wlebSi saxelmwifos meTauris, xolo 1995 wlidanmoyolebuli, saqarTvelos prezidentis, 1992-1995 wlebSi ministrTa kabinetis,xolo 1995 wlis Semdgom periodSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis, 1997 wlamdesaxelmwifo koncern “saqavtogzis” direqtoris, xolo 1997 wlis Semdgomssgsd-s Tavmjdomaris, saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuris, saqarTveloserovnuli bankis, sagadasaxado Semosavlebis ministris, urbanizaciisa damSeneblobis ministris mier gamocemul brZanebebs, brZanebulebebs, gankar-gulebebsa da dadgenilebebs19 .

18 2003 wlis noemberSi mTavrobis cvlilebis Semdeg ssgsd-s Tavmjdomarem datova qveyana, raTaTavidan aecilebina korufciis braldebiT mosalodneli sisxlis samarTlebrivi sasjeli19 imis gamo, rom damoukideblobis pirveli dReebidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos mTavroba mudmivreorganizacias ganicdida, mravalma saxelmwifo uwyebam dasaxeleba Seicvala, Tumca maTi funqciebiucvleli darCa. aRweril procesebSi ukeT gasarkvevadad angariSs erTvis Sesabamisi ganmartebebi


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ssgsd-s informaciiT, saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris maregulirebelisakanonmdeblo baza Semdegi kanonebisa da sakanonmdeblo aqtebisgan Sedgeba:

1. saqarTvelos konstitucia

2. saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi

3. saqarTvelos kanoni “sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb”

4. saqarTvelos kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb”

5. saqarTvelos kanoni “sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb“

6. saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis debu-leba

7. saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 9 Tebervlis #48 brZanebuleba“SromiTi movaleobis Sesrulebisas muSakis janmrTelobisaTvis vnebismiyenebis Sedegad zianis anazRaurebis wesis Sesaxeb”

8. saqarTvelos kanoni “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”

9. saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi

10.saqarTvelos kanoni “sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebis Sesaxeb”

11. saqarTvelos kanoni “samSeneblo saqmianobis Sesaxeb”

12.saqarTvelos kanoni “mewarmeTa Sesaxeb”

13. saqarTvelos kanoni “auditoruli saqmianobis Sesaxeb”

14.saqarTvelos kanoni “grantebis Sesaxeb”

15. saqarTvelos kanoni “saxelmwifo qonebis privatizaciis Sesaxeb”

16.saqarTvelos sabaJo kodeqsi

17.saqarTvelos kanoni “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb”

18. saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdo-maris 2002 wlis 22 ivlisis #50 brZaneba “saqarTvelos saavtomobilogzebis saxelmwifo departamentis centraluri aparatis, saqveuwyebodawesebulebebis sagzao fondis da sagzao sagadasaxado sammarT-veloebis sajaro moxeleTa sakonkurso-saatestacio programis damtki-cebis Sesaxeb”.

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris maregulirebeli ZiriTadi kanonebi dasakanonmdeblo aqtebi dawvrilebiT ganxilulia danarTSi 3.


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5.2 kanonebisa da maregulirebeli aqtebis darRvevebi

zogadi daskvna, romelic saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris maregulirebelisakanonmdeblo aqtebis Seswavlis Semdeg Segveqmna, aseTia: “kanoni arsebobsimisTvis, raTa dairRves”. gansakuTrebiT es iTqmis aRmasrulebelixelisuflebis mier gamocemul sakanonmdeblo aqtebze. marTlac, brZanebu-lebebis, dadgenilebebisa da gankargulebebis SinaarsiT Tu vimsjelebT,iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom kanonebisa da sakanonmdeblo aqtebis SesrulebaTanamdebobis pirTa mxridan aRiqmeba, rogorc SesaZlebeli, magram arasavaldebulo. qvemoT warmodgenilia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSikanondarRvevis ramdenime magaliTi:

“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis me-16 da 22-e muxlebikrZalavs ssgsd-s unebarTvod saavtomobilo gzebze da gzispira zonebSikomunikaciebis gayvanas, nebismier samSeneblo saqmianobas (axali nagebobisaSenebas, arsebulis SekeTebas, gasamarTi sadgurebis, savaWro, kvebis dasxva obieqtebis ganlagebas). miwis dacvisa da gamoyenebis saxelmwifokomisiis 1996 wlis 11 maisis #6/14/39 da urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobiskomisiis 1996 wlis 29 martis #29 dadgenilebiT ki SemoRebulia gzebsa dagzispira zonebSi gasamarTi sadgurebis ganTavsebis droebiTi normebi.yvela ganacxads sagzao zonaSi Senobis ganTavsebaze ganixilavs da SesabamisnebarTvas gascems ssgsd. “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis Tanaxmad,sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebis mizniT sagzao zonaSi Senoba-nagebobebisganTavsebis nebarTva gaicema mxolod saerTaSoriso da Sidasaxelmwi-foebrivi mniSvnelobis gzebze. am sakiTxebze saboloo gadawyvetilebasiRebs Sesabamisi regionuli da adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis organoebi.adgilobrivi gzebis zonaSi Senoba-nagebobis ganTavsebis uflebasadgilobrivi mmarTveloba da sagzao policiis ganyofileba iZleva.

saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis informaciiT, gzebis gaswvriv ukanonomSeneblobis uamravi faqti arsebobs. ssgsd ar atarebs unebarTvodaSenebuli Senoba-nagebobebis sistematur Semowmebasa da registracias. eserTxel mainc rom Catarebuliyo, xels Seuwyobda ukanono mSeneblobissawyis stadiaSi gamovlenas da gacilebiT advili iqneboda maT aRsakveTadsaWiro zomebis gatareba. dRemde ar arsebobs im Senoba-nagebobebisCamonaTvali, romlebic sagzao zonaSia ganlagebuli da safrTxes uqmnissagzao moZraobas. samarTaldamcavi organoebi ssgsd-s mier gzebis gaswvrivukanonod aSenebuli Senoba-nagebobebis gamovlenis Sesaxeb arasdrosyofilan informirebuli. sasamarTloebSi ar Sesula saCivari amgvarimSeneblobis Taobaze. avtogasamarTi sadgurebis ganlagebis normebisTanaxmad, igi, gzis kategoriis mixedviT, gzis RerZidan 18-25 metriT undaiyos daSorebuli. gzis erTsa da imave mxares erTmaneTis miyolebiT mdebareavtogasamarT sadgurebs Soris minimaluri manZili 2 kilometrs undaSeadgendes20 . gzebis gaswvriv ganlagebul gasamarT sadgurebze TvaliserTi gadavlebac sakmarisia, rom davinaxoT, Tu ramdenad ugulebelyofilia

20 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 30 oqtomberi, 2002 weli


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aRniSnuli normebi. avtogasamarTi sadgurebi umetesad zed gzis pirzeaganlagebuli da xSirad erTmaneTs mxolod 10-15 metri aSorebs.

arsebobs mosazreba, rom gzebis gaswvriv ukanonod aSenebuli avtogasamarTisadgurebi adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis, policiisa da ssgsd-saTvisSemosavlis mniSvnelovan wyaros warmoadgens.

“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis me-19 muxliT gansazRvrulia sagzaoorganoebis pasuxismgebloba sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevis dros. kanoniT,sagzao organo valdebulia, saavtomobilo gzebiT mosargebles aunazRauroscudi sagzao pirobebis Sedegad momxdari sagzao-satransporto SemTxveviTmiyenebuli zarali, Tu amis mizezi iyo is, rom sagzao organoebma mTlianadan nawilobriv ar Seasrules maTze dakisrebuli movaleoba. zaralisanazRaureba xdeba sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze. saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebze cud sagzao pirobebTan dakavSirebulisagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb masalebs aformebs saqarTvelosSinagan saqmeTa saministros sagzao policia im sagzao organoswarmomadgenelTan erTad, romelic ganagebs gzis Sesabamis monakveTs..21

Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sagzao policiis mTavari sammarTvelosinformaciiT, cudi gzis mizeziT momxdari avtosagzao SemTxvevebis ricxviZalze mcirea. magaliTad, 1996-2003 wlebSi mxolod 2 aseTi SemTxvevadafiqsirda, Sesabamisad, miyenebuli zarali anazRaurda. sinamdvileSi ammizeziT mravali SemTxveva xdeba, Tumca isini ar aRiricxeba.

sagzao policiis informaciiT, sabWoTa periodSi gzebis mdgomareobisgamo (pirdapiri Tu arapirdapiri mizeziT) momxdari sagzao-satransportoSemTxvevebis registracia yuradRebiT xdeboda, radgan aRniSnulistatistikuri monacemebi gamoiyeneboda gzebis TiToeuli monakveTisaTvisSesabamisi pasportis Sesaqmnelad da statistikuri monacemebiT yvelazesaxifaTo monakveTebze saTanado usafrTxoebis zomebis misaRebad (mag.,damatebiTi sagzao niSnebis dayeneba, siCqaris SezRudva da a.S.). sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis gamomwvevi mizezebis dadgena da maT SesaxebSesabamisi uwyebebis informireba gacilebiT advili iyo, radgan sagzaoSemTxvevis gamomwvev mizezTa gamoZiebis uflebamosileba mTlianad sagzaopolicias gaaCnda. 1994 wels “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis ZalaSiSesvlis Semdeg, mdgomareoba sagrZnoblad Seicvala. am kanonis me-19 muxlismixedviT, saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebze cud sagzao pirobebTandakavSirebuli sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb masalebsaformebs saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros organoebi sagzaoorganos warmomadgenelTan erTad. aRniSnulma debulebam seriozuladgaarTula sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis gamomwvevi mizezebis dadgenada kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli Semdgomi procedurebis ganxorcieleba. rocapoliciis gamomZiebeli adgens, rom avtosagzao SemTxvevis gamomwvev ZiriTadTu erT-erT mizezs gzis cudi mdgomareoba warmoadgens, saWiroa aqtzesagzao organos warmomadgenlis xelmowera, uromlisod saqme miyenebuli

21 muxli 19, sagzao organoTa pasuxismgebloba, saqarTvelos kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb”noemberi, 1994 weli


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zaralis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb sasamarTlos ver gadaecema. imis gamo, romssgsd-s ar hyavs oficialuri warmomadgenlebi mTeli qveynis masStabiTmomxdari avtosagzao SemTxvevebis adgilze warsagzavnad, es funqcia xSiradgzis aRniSnuli monakveTis movla-Senaxvaze pasuxismgebeli sagzao sawarmoswarmomadgenels ekisreba. rigi mizezebis gamo (cudi sakomunikaciosaSualebebi, Sesabamisi piris aryofna, Ramis saaTebi da a.S.) umetesSemTxvevaSi sagzao organoebis warmomadgenlebTan dakavSireba da SemTxve-vis adgilze maTi gamocxadeba ver xerxdeba. oficialurad, sagzaoorganizaciis warmomadgenlis Tanxmobis gareSe policias ar SeuZlia, sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevis gamomwvev mizezad gzis uvargisoba daasaxelos,ris gamoc aRniSnuli mizezi ar fiqsirdeba. Sesabamisad, ar xdeba aseTiSemTxvevebis registracia da ar arsebobs maTi amsaxveli oficialuristatistikuri monacemebi.

sagzao policiis informaciiT, saqarTvelos ZiriTad gzebze sagzao-sa-transporto SemTxvevebis mateba ZiriTadad ganpirobebulia mzardi sagzaomoZraobis moculobasTan gzebis parametrebis SeusabamobiT. metic, ga-saTvaliswinebelia Tanamedrove avtomobilebis siCqarec. es ZiriTadadexeba mTavar saavtomobilo gzebs: sagzao policiis monacemebiT, adgilobrivgzebze sagzao SemTxvevebi gzebis mdgomareobis gauaresebis proporciuladmcirdeba.

sagzao policiam Seadgina im sagzao monakveTebis CamonaTvali, sadac xSiriaavtosatransporto SemTxvevebi da usafrTxoebis damatebiTi zomebiSeimuSava, magram, ssgsd-s informaciiT, maTi ganxorcieleba SeuZlebeliafinansuri saxsrebis simciris gamo. sagzao policiasa da ssgsd-sSeuTanxmebeli muSaoba da sagzao pirobebis gamo momxdari sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis arasruli dafiqsireba aferxebs gzebismSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis saxelmwifo politikis SemuSavebas.arasakmarisi dafinansebis viTarebaSi aseTi faqtebis Sesaxeb sandostatistikuri monacemebis arseboba ganmsazRvreli unda iyos wliuri gegmisprioritetebis SemuSavebisas.

kidev erT sferos, sadac aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis mier gacemuligankargulebebi, brZanebulebebi da dadgenilebebi irRveva, sagzaogadasaxadebis akrefa warmoadgens. 1995 wels ssf-s Seqmnis Semdeg, ramdenimesakanonmdeblo aqti gamoica. maT mizans im saxelmwifo uwyebebis saqmianobisregulireba warmoadgenda, romlebic uSualod monawileoben sagzaogadasaxadebis akrefaSi.

saqarTvelos ministrTa kabinetis 1995 wlis 18 oqtombris #674 dadgenilebiT,saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxurs evaleboda yovelwliurad saxelmwifokoncern “saqavtogzisaTvis” saqarTveloSi registrirebul sawarmoTa nusxismiwodeba, xolo socialuri da ekonomikuri informaciis komiteti pasuxis-mgebeli iyo am sawarmoTa mier warmoebuli produqciis, gaweuli momsaxure-bisa da saqonelbrunvis kvartalur monacemebze. sagzao policias evalebodaavtotransportis mflobelTa ricxvis Sesaxeb monacemebis miwodeba“saqavtogzisaTvis”, raTa am ukanasknels aekrifa avtosatransporto saSua-lebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi.


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1996 wlis 13 ivniss gamoica saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxurisa da“saqavtogzis” erToblivi brZaneba22. masSi naTqvamia, rom #674 dadgenilebiTgaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebi ar sruldeba, kerZod: adgilobrivisagadasaxado inspeqciebi ar awvdian ssf-s sagadasaxado samsaxurebsmonacemebs adgilobriv sawarmoTa mier warmoebuli produqciisa da gaweulimomsaxurebis moculobis Sesaxeb; xSirad ar xdeba informaciis miwodebamsxvil urC gadamxdelTa Sesaxeb, sagadasaxado samsaxurebis mier Catarebulireviziebis daskvnebSi xSirad ar aris aRniSnuli sagzao fondisgadasaxadebi; adgili aqvs sagzao fondis kuTvnili gadasaxadebiscentralur biujetSi Caricxvis faqtebs. ssf-s Semosavlebis SemcirebisZiriTad mizezad saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuris inspeqciebisa dassf-s sagadasaxado ganyofilebebis aradamakmayofilebeli, SeuTanxmebelimuSaoba saxeldeba.

zemoaRniSnul brZanebulebas mosdevs prezidentis 1996 wlis 14 ivnisis#388 brZanebuleba. masSi aRniSnulia, rom saxelmwifo sagadasaxadosamsaxurma “saqavtogzas”, wina sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi gansazRvruli wesebisSesabamisad, daxmareba unda gauwios sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefaSi.

prezidentis 1998 wlis 12 ianvris #17 brZanebuleba kvlav miuTiTebssagadasaxado Semosavlebis mobilizaciisaTvis saWiro zomebze da ssf-saTvis daxmarebis aucileblobaze. brZanebulebaSi aseve naTqvamia, romstatistikis saxelmwifo departamentma ssgsd-s yovelwliurad undamiawodos saqarTveloSi moqmed sawarmoTa nusxa da maT mier warmoebuliproduqciisa da gaweuli momsaxurebis kvartaluri monacemebi.

kontrolis palatis 2002 wlis monacemebiT, aRniSnuli brZanebulebebi arsruldeba. ssgsd-s xelmZRvaneloba ki acxadebs, rom raki misi uwyebastatistikis departamentidan monacemebs ar iRebs, iZulebulia, ssf-sSemosavlebis prognozirebisas daeyrdnos sagadasaxado departamentisada “saqarTvelos statistikuri weliwdeulis” (statistikis saxelmwifodepartamentis gamocema) masalebs.

ssgsd-sa da sagadasaxado Semosavlebis saministros 2000 wlis 22 ivnisiserTobliv #109-30 brZanebulebaSi aRniSnulia, rom ssf-s Semosavlebisdidi nawili importirebul benzinze aqciziT da avtosatransportosaSualebaTa Semosvlisa da satranzito mosakreblebiT unda ivsebodes.sabaJos TanamSromelTa mier sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefis ukeT gasakon-troleblad Seiqmna specialuri komisia, romelic koordinirebasa dazedamxedvelobas gauwevs gadasaxadebis akrefas. SemuSavda angariSis spe-cialuri forma.

prezidentis 2001 wlis 28 noembris #483 brZanebulebaSi, romelic TiTqmisimeorebs manamde gamocemul brZanebulebebsa da dadgenilebebs, aRniSnulia,rom wina brZanebulebaTa msgavsad, arc 2000 wlis 22 ivnisis #109-30brZanebuleba sruldeba.

22 saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxurisa da saqarTvelos saxelmwifo koncern“saqavtogzis” 1996 wlis 13 ivnisis #69 erToblivi brZaneba


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calke saubris sagania samTavrobo komisiebis funqcionireba. qveynispolitikuri da ekonomikuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoSi wamoWriliproblemebis gadasawyvetad komisiebis Seqmna saqarTveloSi miRebulipraqtikaa. rogorc wesi, komisiebi sakanonmdeblo aqtebis safuZvelze iqmnebada samTavrobo uwyebebis xelmZRvaneli pirebisagan Sedgeba. komisiisTiToeuli wevris pasuxismgebloba, SexvedraTa grafiki da dRis wesrigizustad aris gansazRvruli. miuxedavad amisa, aseTi komisiebis saqmianobaumetesad aradamakmayofilebelia. rogorc wesi, dRis wesrigis pirveliramdenime sakiTxi ganixileba (rodesac jer kidev didia maT mimarTmTavrobisa da sazogadoebis yuradReba), xolo darCenili miznebi dadavalebebi Seusrulebeli rCeba.

prezidentis 1996 wlis 14 ivnisis #388 brZanebulebiT Seiqmna samTavrobokomisia, romlis mizans saqarTveloSi gzebis reabilitaciisa da moderni-zaciis saprezidento programis SemuSaveba, misi dafinansebis wyaroTadadgena da am sferoSi saxelmwifo politikis warmarTva warmoadgenda.komisias aseve daevala23 yovelwliurad mTavrobis winaSe angariSgeba gasuliwlis Sedegebisa da momavali wlis gegmebis Sesaxeb, ucxouri investiciebismozidva programis gansaxorcieleblad da xsenebuli brZanebulebisrealizaciis mkacri kontroli. am davalebebidan mxolod erTi Sesrulda_ SemuSavda programis teqsti.

kvleviTi jgufis Txovna, gadmoecaT komisiis wliuri angariSebisa daSexvedrebis oqmebi (aslebi), saxelmwifo kancelariam ar daakmayofila.respondentebisgan miRebuli araoficialuri informaciiT, erToblivi muSaobasaprezidento programis teqstis SedgeniT dasrulda da amis Semdeg komisiamxolod qaRaldze arsebobda. sainteresoa is faqtic, rom Seqmnis dRidankomisiis Semadgenloba araerTxel Seicvala: prezidentis sxvadasxvabrZanebulebiT erTi da igive piri ramdenimejer gaiwvies komisiidan.

analogiuri ram xdeboda ssf-s sakonsultacio sabWoSic. ssf-Si es organo2000 wels Seiqmna da mis mizans ssf-s saqmianobis efeqturobisa dasajaroobis uzrunvelyofa warmoadgenda, Tumca mas es funqciebi arasdrosganuxorcielebia. sakonsultacio sabWo weliwadSi erTxel ikribeboda,magram, ssgsd-s, ssf-s da Tavad sakonsultacio sabWos wevrTa informaciiT,am Sexvedrebs aranairi realuri Sedegi ar mohyolia. sakonsultaciosabWos erT-erTi wevris gadmocemiT: “sabWo fiqtiurad arsebobs, pirvelSexvedrebs daveswari, magram Semdeg mivxvdi, rom es drois fuWad kargvaiyo.” ssgsd-s TanamSromlis sityvebiT: “sakonsultacio sabWos dasavlurikompaniebis direqtorTa sabWoebis msgavsad unda emoqmeda, magram msgavsiaraferi xdeba. sabWos wevrebi weliwadSi erTxel ikribebian, ssf-sproblemebs ganixilaven da Cvens angariSebs ismenen. Tu msoflio bankismisiam sakonsultacio sabWos efeqturi saqmianobisTvis saWirorekomendaciebi SeimuSava, iqneb, mere mainc Seicvalos rame”.

kontrolis palatam da saavtomobilo gzebis sakiTxTa Semswavlelmasaparlamento komisiam kidev erTi seriozuli darRveva gamoavlina. aRmoCnda,23 prezidentis 1996 wlis 25 dekembris #837 brZanebuleba


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rom avtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvisgadasaxadi ar ikrifeboda. aRniSnuli, Cveulebisamebr, saWiro mowyobi-lobebis naklebobiT aixsneba. 2002 wels msoflio bankis kreditiTSesyiduli iqna amgvari mowyobilobebi, Tumca ssgsd-sa da sabaJodepartaments Soris arsebuli gaugebrobis gamo maTi damontaJeba vermoxerxda24 .

makontrolebeli uwyebebis mier aseve gamovlinda“saxelmwifo SesyidvebisSesaxeb” kanonis darRvevis mravali faqti25 .

5.3 sakanonmdeblo da maregulirebeli aqtebisSeusruleblobis mizezebi

kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul qmedebaTa da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebismier gacemul brZanebulebaTa Seusruleblobis araerTi mizezi arsebobs:

§ sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebisa da zomebisararealuroba

§ kanonebis xSiri cvla

§ zerele kanonSemoqmedebiTi saqmianoba

§ finansuri saxsrebis usistemo gankargva

§ samTavrobo uwyebebis SeuTanxmebeli muSaoba

§ qveyanaSi kanonmorCilebis dabali kultura

sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT gansazRvruli RonisZiebebis ararealurobis erT-erTi yvelaze aSkara magaliTia saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier 1992 wlis 25agvistos gamocemuli #855 brZanebuleba “saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilogzebis mSeneblobis, rekonstruqciis, SekeTebisa da movla-Senaxvisgaumjobesebis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb”.

sagzao samuSaoebis marTvisa da maTi xarisxis amaRlebisaTvis saWiroRonisZiebebis garda, brZanebuleba moicavs moTxovnas finansTa saministrosmimarT, “saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mSeneblobisa darekonstruqciisaTvis yovelwliurad SesaZleblobis farglebSi gaiTvalis-winos centralizebuli kapitaluri dabandebis moculobisa da biujeturiasignebis gamoyofa”. mSeneblobasa da rekonstruqcias Tavi rom davaneboT,1992 wels saqarTveloSi ekonomikuri krizisis gamo SeuZlebeli iyo sagzaoseqtoris Tundac elementaruli moTxovnilebebis dakmayofileba. amdenad,gasakviri ar aris, rom finansTa saministrom ver SeZlo mTavrobismoTxovnaTa Sesruleba. 1995 wels sagzao fondis Camoyalibebamde sagzao

24 detaluri informacia ix. me-8 TavSi25 detaluri informacia ix. me-10 TavSi


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seqtori saxelmwifo biujetidan transferebs arastabilurad da arasru-lad iRebda.

“saqarTvelos gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidentoprograma” ararealuri RonisZiebebis kidev erTi magaliTia. 1996 wlis 14ivnisis prezidentis #388 brZanebulebis safuZvelze SemuSavebuli programa1996 wlis 25 dekembers daamtkices. programis savaraudo Rirebuleba 2miliardi aSS dolari iyo, xolo misi xangrZlivoba _ 15 weli26 . 15-wlianigaTvliTac ki programis Rirebuleba daaxloebiT saqarTvelos 4 wlisbiujets udrida, ase rom, misi ganxorcieleba imTaviTve ararealurigaxldaT27 .

programis ganxorcielebaze pasuxismgebeli uwyebebisTvis sakanonmdebloaqtebiT gansazRvrul RonisZiebaTa ararealuroba ara mxolod seriozulidemotivaciis faqtors warmoadgens, igi xels uwyobs im Tanamdebobis pirebs,romlebic ar arian dainteresebuli sakuTari organizaciebis efeqturimuSaobiT, radgan gegmebis ararealuroba mSvenieri sababia warumateblobisgasamarTleblad. isini arsebul resursebs piradi keTildReobisTvis iyeneben.

saqarTveloSi kanonebis mudmivi cvlileba Cveulebriv movlenad iqca, racdainteresebul pirTa ukmayofilebas iwvevs. ssgsd-s ganmartebiT, raki sagzaoseqtori specifikur sferos warmoadgens, sakanonmdeblo bazis xSiricvlileba masze imdenad did gavlenas ar axdens, rogorc sxva seqtorebze.sinamdvileSi ki sagadasaxado kodeqsis xSiri cvlileba, saqarTvelosprezidentis brZanebulebebiT ssf-s saxsrebis usistemod gankargva dassgsd-s wliuri gegmiT gauTvaliswinebeli RonisZiebebis dafinansebauaryofiT gavlenas axdens sagzao seqtorze. naSromis me-8 TavSi aRwerilia,rom sagadasaxado ganakveTebis an gadasaxadebis administrirebis meqanizmTaganuwyveteli cvla SesaZloa Zalze uaryofiTad aisaxos ssf-s Semosavlebsada ssgsd-s mier sagzao samuSaoebis wliuri gegmis Sesrulebaze. msgavsproblemebs iwvevs ssf-s resursebis asigneba daugegmavi sagzao samuSaoebisSesrulebisaTvis, rogoricaa stiqiis Sedegad dazianebuli gzis monakveTebisreabilitacia. unda iTqvas, rom aseTi SemTxvevebisaTvis ssgsd-s sarezervofondebi gaaCnia da ssf-s sistemaSi saxsrebis gadamisamarTebisaTvisprezidentis specialuri brZanebuleba saWiro ar aris.

aseTi brZanebulebebis Sedegi mxolod ssgsd-s samuSaoebis wliuri gegmisSeferxeba rodia. isini ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos kanons “saxelmwifoSesyidvebis Sesaxeb”, romlis Tanaxmad saxelmwifo uwyebebis mier saqonlisada momsaxurebis Sesyidva damtkicebuli wliuri gegmis safuZvelze undaxdebodes. metic, sakanonmdeblo bazis xSiri cvlileba da maRaliTanamdebobis pirebis mier finansuri saxsrebis usistemod gankargvaSeuZlebels xdis grZelvadiani gegmebis SemuSavebasa da sagzao seqtorisganviTarebas. sakuTari Semosavlis wyaros miuxedavad, garedan Carevis26 saprezidento programis Sesaxeb detaluri informacia da misi analizi ixileT me-6 TavSi.27 aseve ixileT saqarTvelos axalgazrda ekonomistTa asociaciis, saqarTvelos axalgazrdaiuristTa asociaciisa da Transparency International -saqarTvelos mier 2002 wlis noemberSi momzadebulinaSromi “saxelmwifo xarjebis samoqalaqo monitoringi”, dokumentis moZieba SesaZlebelia vebgverdze: http://www.transparency.ge.


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gamo ssgsd-s mudmivad uwevda wliuri samuSao programis gadaxedva.damatebiTi informaciiT, gegmiT gauTvaliswinebeli samuSaoebisaTvissaxsrebis gamoyofa sagzao seqtorSi korufciis mniSvnelovan wyaroswarmoadgens, radgan proceduruli xarvezebis gamo Znelia finansurisaxsrebis efeqturi kontroli28 .

miRebul kanonebsa da maregulirebel aqtebSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebisSetana ganpirobebulia zerele kanonSemoqmedebiTi saqmianobiT. kanonTateqstebSi mniSvnelovani frazebi, zogjer mTeli abzacebia gamotovebulida warmoqmnili problemebis gadasaWrelad saWiro xdeba damatebiTisakanonmdeblo aqtebis miReba. aseTi uyuradRebobis erT-erTi TvalsaCinomagaliTia mTeli abzacis gamotoveba “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb”saqarTvelos kanonis gamoqveynebul versiaSi. saqarTvelos saxelmwifosagadasaxado inspeqciis 1996 wlis 14 maiss gakeTebuli #03-5/7 gancxadebaiuwyeba, rom kvartalur gamocema “sagadasaxado macnesa” da krebul“gadasaxadebi saqarTveloSi” gamoqveynebul kanonSi “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”gamotovebuli iyo me-4 muxlis me-5 abzaci. gamorCenili abzaci saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis gadasaxadebs exeba da ase ikiTxeba:“mewarmeni, romlebic ewevian sxva saqmianobas garda zemoaRniSnuli punqtebiTgansazRvrulisa - warmoebuli produqciisa - Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis dagaweuli momsaxurebis moculobis 1 procentis odenobiT”. cnobisaTvis,aRniSnuli abzacis gamorCenam mravali gaugebroba gamoiwvia gadamxdelTaSoris. isini uars acxadebdnen gadasaxadis gadaxdaze da safuZvlad “sagzaofondis Sesaxeb” kanonis zemoaRniSnuli “versia” mohyavdaT.

saxelmwifo uwyebebs Soris koordinirebuli muSaobis deficiti Cveuleb-rivi movlenaa saqarTvelos yvela seqtorSi. ssgsd-sa da sxva samTavrobouwyebebs Soris gadasaxadebis akrefis dros naklebi TanamSromlobagansakuTrebiT uaryofiTad aisaxeba sagzao seqtorze. arsebulimdgomareobis savaraudo mizezebia:

§ uwyebrivi dapirispireba. sagadasaxado uwyebaTa xelmZRvanelobaewinaaRmdegeboda ssf-s calke sagadasaxado uwyebad Camoyalibebasda es konfliqti dResac grZeldeba

§ funqciebisa da movaleobebis gaumijnaoba. sagadasaxado da sabaJodepartamentebs, romlebic unda daexmaron ssf-s sagzao gadasaxadebisakrefaSi, finansTa saministros mier dadgenili sagadasaxadoSemosavlebis sakuTari wliuri gegma aqvT. iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesacsagzao gadasaxadebis saxiT Semosuli Tanxebi am uwyebebis finansTasaministrosa da centraluri biujetis mimarT arsebuli wliuri gegmisSesasruleblad gamoiyenes. centralur biujetSi ukanonod gadaric-xuli ssf-s Semosavlebi mogvianebiT sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebiTssgsd-s daubrunda, magram aman Seaferxa uwyebis wliuri gegmisSesruleba da seriozuli zarali miayena saqarTvelos sagzao seqtors

§ ssf-s arainformirebuloba. sagadasaxado da sabaJo uwyebebis xelmZRva-

28 detaluri informacia ix. me-10 TavSi


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nelebi ver uzrunvelyofen ssf-s sagadasaxado samsaxurebs saWiroinformaciiT. SesaZloa, es ganpirobebulia imiT, rom aRniSnuli uwyebebicdiloben, Tavidan aicilon sxva saxelmwifo organoebis mxridan maTmier gadasaxadebis akrefis nebismieri, Tundac SemTxveviTi, gadamowmebisSesaZlebloba. am daskvnis sasargeblod metyvelebs farTodgavrcelebuli azri imis Sesaxeb, rom sagadasaxado da sabaJo uwyebebSigansakuTrebiT maRalia korufciis done.

aSkaraa, rom TiToeuli saxelmwifo uwyeba sakuTari miznebis miRwevas(romlebic yovelTvis rodi Seesabameba saxelmwifo miznebs) sxvebisinteresTa sazianod cdilobs.

cnobilia, rom kanonebis efeqturobas maTi ganxorcieleba gansazRvravs.saqarTvelos magaliTze amas namdvilad ver vityviT. kanonmorCilebisdabali kultura (gansakuTrebiT samarTaldamcav saxelmwifo uwyebebSi)sakanonmdeblo aqtebis gamocemas droisa da energiis flangvad aqcevs.aRniSnul problemas kargad acnobierebs qarTuli sazogadoeba da amaSilomis wili arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, ucxoel eqspertebsa damTavrobis zogierT warmomadgenels miuZRvis. miuxedavad amisa, mravalisamTavrobo uwyebis ZiriTad saqmianobas swored kanonebis Seqmnawarmoadgens da ara maTi gatareba. zemoTqmulis mizezi didwiladsamarTaldamcav organoTa korumpirebulobaa, romlebic maT xelT arsebuluflebamosilebas ara sazogado, aramed piradi miznebisaTvis iyeneben.

rac Seexeba saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorTan dakavSirebul sakanonmdeblosaqmianobas, ssgsd-sa da damoukidebel eqspertebs miaCniaT, rom mravalikanoni da maregulirebeli aqti yovelmxriv moZvelebulia da seriozulcvlilebasa da gaumjobesebas saWiroebs. es ZiriTadad exeba saqarTveloskanonebs “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” da “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”. amJamadssgsd muSaobs “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis axal proeqtze,romlis parlamentSi wardgena 2004 welsaa dagegmili.

6 1996 wlis saprezidento programa

6.1 programis Sinaarsi

1996 wels saqarTvelos sagzao sistemis ganviTarebisa da Senaxvis dabalidone mTavrobis ZiriTadi sazrunavi gaxda. mTavrobam gaacnobiera, rom gzebis,maT Soris ZiriTadi saerTaSoriso marSrutebis, mZime mdgomareoba aferxebdasaqarTvelos ekonomikur zrdasa da satranzito qveynad gardaqmnas. sakiTxisaqtualizacia ganapiroba im garemoebam, rom saqarTveloze gamavalisatransporto derefnis ganviTareba, SesaZloa, saxelmwifo biujetisSemosavlebis erT-erTi mTavari wyaro gamxdariyo. miT ufro, rom ssf-s 1995


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wlis Semosavlebi, romliTac saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris dafinansebaunda momxdariyo, dagegmilze gacilebiT dabali aRmoCnda.

am sakiTxTa gadasawyvetad saqarTvelos prezidentma 1996 wlis 14 ivnissgamosca #388 brZanebuleba “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis aRdgenisada ganviTarebis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb”29 . am brZanebulebis Tanaxmad,specialurma samTavrobo komisiam SeimuSava saqarTvelos saavtomobilogzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programa, romelicdamtkicda prezidentis 1996 wlis 25 dekembris #837 dadgenilebiT. ssgsd-s 1997 wlis debulebis Tanaxmad, aRniSnuli programis ganxorcielebassgsd-s prioritetad gamocxadda.

programa unda ganxorcielebuliyo 1997 wlidan 2010 wlamde. CasatarebelsamuSaoTa speqtri STambeWdavi iyo: unda momxdariyo saqarTvelos TiTqmismTeli sagzao sistemis (adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebisgarda) reabilitacia da modernizacia30 . sareabilitacio samuSaoebi 5weliwadSi, anu 2001 wlisaTvis unda dasrulebuliyo. darCenili samuSaogegmis mixedviT TandaTanobiT, 14 wlis ganmavlobaSi ganxorcieldeboda,ise, rogorc es danarTi 4-is pirvel cxrilSia mocemuli.

programis saerTo Rirebuleba 2306.8 milion lars Seadgenda (daaxloebiT2 miliardi aSS dolari 1996 wlis gacvliTi kursis mixedviT) daSemdegnairad unda gadanawilebuliyo:

RonisZiebebi

saorientacio samuSaoebis Rirebuleba 14 wlis

ganmavlobaSi (mln. larSi 1996 wlis

gacvliTi kursiT)

prioritetuli marSrutebis reabilitacia 214

prioritetuli marSrutebis modernizacia 1100

danarCeni magistraluri da respublikuri gzis nawilobrivi reabilitacia 459

magistraluri da respublikuri gzebis yovelwliuri movla-Senaxva 285.7

samecniero-teqnikuri progresi 56.8

saproeqto-kvlevaZiebis samuSaoebi 88.4

ZiriTadi saSualebebis SeZena 102.9

jami 2306.8

wyaro: saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programa

29 #388 brZanebuleba mocemulia danarTSi 330 programaSi mocemuli gansazRvrebiT, reabilitacia “dazianebuli gzebis SekeTebasa da missaerTaSoriso moTxovnilebis donemde moyvanas” niSnavs, xolo modernizacia gulisxmobs “gzisgamtarunarianobis gadidebas”, calkeuli monakveTebis rekonstruqcias da misasvleli gzebismSeneblobas


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saprezidento programaSi mocemul dasafinansebel samuSaoTa ganrigiwarmodgenilia danarTi 4-is meore cxrilSi.

prioritetuli marSrutebi, romlebic maTi istoriuli da Tanamedroveekonomikuri Tu strategiuli mniSvnelobis mixedviT ganisazRvra,saqarTvelos xuT ZiriTad saerTaSoriso saavtomobilo gzas moicavs:

1. foTi-Tbilisi-wiTeli xidi (saqarTvelo-azerbaijanis sazRvari): 1996wlis SefasebiT, aRniSnuli magistralis mdgomareoba savalalo iyo,zogierT monakveTze sruliad ganadgurebuli iyo safari, moSliliiyo infrastruqtura da ar arsebobda aucilebeli sagzao momsaxurebisobieqtebi. programa iTvaliswinebda: aRniSnuli gzis dauyovneblivreabilitacias, mzardi moZraobis, tvirTnakadis (yovelwliurad 10-15milioni tona) gamtarunarianobisa da moZraobis usafrTxoebisamaRlebas. sareabilitacio samuSaoebis savaraudo Rirebuleba 66milion lars Seadgenda. tvirTgamtarianobis gasazrdelad programaiTvaliswinebda gzis modernizebis samuSaoebsac, rac gulisxmobdagzis monakveTebis rekonstruqciasa da misasvleli gzebis mSeneblobas.modernizebis am samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 567 milion lars Seadgenda

2. mcxeTa-yazbegi-larsi (saqarTvelo-ruseTis sazRvari): aRniSnuli gzissareabilitacio samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 98.5 milion lars, xolomodernizebis samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 73 milion lars Seadgenda

3. sarfi-baTumi-ureki-samtredia: sareabilitacio samuSaoTa Rirebuleba20 milion lars, xolo modernizebis samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 224 milionlars aRwevda

4. xaSuri-axalcixe-TurqeTis sazRvari: sareabilitacio samuSaoTaRirebuleba 15.5, xolo modernizebis samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 109 mi-lioni lari iyo

5. Tbilisi-marneuli-guguTi (saqarTvelo-somxeTis sazRvari): sareabi-litacio samuSaoTa Rirebuleba 12, xolo modernizebis samuSaoTaRirebuleba 127 milion lars Seadgenda.

6.2 programis ganxorcieleba

programis amoqmedebis pirvelive wlebSi gairkva, rom is warumateblobisTvisiyo ganwiruli. 1997 wels, nacvlad gaTvaliswinebuli 55.7 milioni larisa,mxolod 33.4 milioni laris mobilizeba moxerxda, ramac 22.3 milionilaris deficiti warmoqmna. 1998 wels mobilizebul resursTa odenobaodnav gaizarda da 36.4 milion lars miaRwia, magram prognozirebul 73.4milion larze gacilebiT naklebi iyo. dafinansebis yvelaze maRali done1999 wels iqna miRweuli (43.2 milioni lari), rac 1998-1999 wlebSi ssf-smaRali SemosavlebiT aixsneba. 1999 wlidan moyolebuli, programisdafinanseba SedarebiT stabiluri iyo da weliwadSi 32-36 milion lars


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Seadgenda. miuxedavad amisa, programis wliuri deficiti 2000 wlis 84.2milioni laridan 2002 wlisaTvis 112.6 milionamde gaizarda. saprezidentoprogramis dafinanseba 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi 615.3 milioni lari undayofiliyo, realurad ki am Tanxam mxolod 215.3 milioni lari, anu dagegmi-lis 35% Seadgina. am periodSi deficitma daaxloebiT 400 milion larsmiaRwia. saprezidento programis finansuri monacemebi ixileT cxrilSi:

wlebi gaTvaliswinebuli

dafinanseba (mln. lari)

faqtobrivi Sesruleba (mln. lari)

Sesrulebis procentuli maCvenebeli

deficiti (mln. lari)

1 1997 55.7 33.4 60 22.3

2 1998 73.4 36.4 49.6 23.8

3 1999 90.4 43.2 47.8 47.2

4 2000 116.2 32.0 27.5 84.2

5 2001 132.7 36.0 28.8 96.7

6 2002 146.9 34.3 23.3 112.6

sul 615.3 215.3 35.0 400.0

wyaro: saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti: cnoba saqarTvelos kontrolispalatisaTvis

zemoaRniSnulis Tanaxmad, pirvel xuT welSi programiT dagegmili iyoprioritetuli marSrutebis reabilitacia da nawilobrivi modernizacia.miuxedavad amisa, saqarTveloSi gzebis modernizaciis samuSaoebidamoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg ar Catarebula. xuTi prioritetulimarSrutidan gasuli eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi mxolod foTi-Tbilisi-wiTeli xidis gzas daeTmo met-naklebi yuradReba. misi sareabilitacioda movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebi msoflio bankisa da quveiTis fondiskreditebiT ganxorcielda. reabilitaciisa da movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebisxva marSrutebzec Catarda da aqac ZiriTadad movla-Senaxvisa daperioduli SekeTebis samuSaoebi Warbobda. mTlianobaSi, SesrulebulisamuSao mniSvnelovnad CamorCeboda programiT gaTvaliswinebulmoculobas.

saprezidento programis Seusruleblobis ZiriTadi mizezi imTaviTvemisi ararealuroba iyo. rogorc meore cxrilSia naCvenebi (danarTi 4),programis dafinanseba ssf-s SemosavlebiT (garda Semosavlebis im nawilisa,romelic kanonis Tanaxmad adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebis movla-Senaxvas unda moxmareboda), centraluri biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis,sakredito saxsrebisa da sagzao proeqtebSi investiciebis xarjze undamomxdariyo. programis dafinansebis sqema emyareboda im pirobas, romsamive zemoaRniSnuli wyarodan Semosuli finansuri saxsrebis odenobagaizrdeboda.

ssf-s Semosavlebis zrda efuZneboda prognozs, rom gaizrdeboda saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobis, satransporto saSualebaTa


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sakuTrebis gadasaxadebiT da saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa dasatranzito moZraobaze mosakreblebiT mobilizebuli saxsrebi. saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi ekisrebasaqarTvelos teritoriaze moqmed yvela sawarmos. aqedan gamomdinare,momdevno wlebSi aRniSnuli gadasaxadis saxiT Semosuli Tanxebis zrdaunda momxdariyo sawarmoTa ricxvis, maTi warmoebis gafarToebisa dazogadad qveynis ekonomikuri winsvlis safuZvelze.

satransporto saSualebaTa sakuTrebis gadasaxadis Semosavlebis zrdaemyareboda im gaTvlebs, rom 1996 wels saqarTvelos saavtomobilo parkisaWiroze gacilebiT mcire iyo, Sesabamisad, momdevno wlebSi masac zrdistendencia unda hqonoda.

saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa da satranzito moZraobaze mosa-kreblis zrda unda momxdariyo trasekas derefnis ganviTarebisa da metimoculobis satranzito moZraobis mozidvis Sedegad. iqmneba mojadoebuliwre: trasekas derefnis saqarTvelos monakveTs SekeTeba da modernizebaesaWiroeba, raTa damatebiTi satranzito tvirTebi moizidos, amave drosqveynisaTvis aucilebelia meti tranzituli tvirTebis moZraoba, raTaSekeTebisa da modernizebis samuSaoebis dafinanseba SeZlos.

programis dawyebisas ssf jer kidev “axalbeda” dawesebuleba gaxldaTda formirebis procesSi mraval problemas gadaawyda. ssf-s Semosavlebiszrdis prognozi umetesad gadasaxadebis akrefis meqanizmebisa da sxvasagadasaxado uwyebebTan TanamSromlobis gaumjobesebas efuZneboda.

programis dafinansebis meore wyaro centraluri biujeti iyo, romlidangamoyofili Tanxebi sabiujeto Semosavlebis zrdis proporciuladgaizrdeboda. sabiujeto Semosavlebis zrda, Tavis mxriv, qveynis ekonomikuriganviTarebis, gadasaxadebis akrefis gaumjobesebisa da qveynis mSp-SiCrdilovani ekonomikis wilis Semcirebis Sedegad moxerxdeboda.

mesame ZiriTadi wyaro _ programis savaraudo deficitis dasafinansebladsaWiro kreditebi da investiciebi – zemoaRniSnul or wyaroze iyodamokidebuli. im droisaTvis saqarTvelos mTavroba mniSvnelovan nabijebsdgamda qveyanaSi ucxoel investorTa mosazidad, xolo ekonomikuri zrdisada stabilurobis miRwevis safuZvelze unda gazrdiliyo saerTaSorisosafinanso institutebis ndoba saqarTvelos mimarT.

samwuxarod, zemoaRniSnuli prognozebidan bolomde asruleba arc erTsar ewera: ssf-s realuri Semosavlebi zrdis nacvlad 2000 wels mkveTraddaeca, razec gavlena ruseTis 1998 wlis ekonomikurma krizisma iqonia.misiT gamowveul uaryofiT Sedegebs saqarTvelom dRemde ver daaRwiaTavi. iklo sagadasaxado Semosavlebmac. amis mizezs kanonebis xSiri cvla,pasuxismgebel uwyebaTa SeuTanxmebeli muSaoba, sagadasaxado samsaxurebsada samarTaldamcav organoebSi arsebuli korufcia warmoadgenda.saxelmwifo biujetis mudmivi Seusruleblobis Sedegad ssgsd iSviaTadTu iRebda dafinansebas gzebis aRdgenis, stiqiiT gamowveuli dazianebisaRmofxvrisa da SekeTebisTvis. trasekas derefnis ganviTareba progno-


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zirebulze gacilebiT duned mimdinareobs. saqarTvelom ver SeZlo didimoculobis satranzito tvirTebis mozidva, rac, sxva mizezebTan erTad,qveyanaSi uvargisi gzebis Sedegia. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelomramdenime granti da krediti miiRo saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa dadonori qveynebisagan, maTi odenoba saWiroze mcire iyo. programisganxorcielebaze kontrolis mizniT Seqmnili samTavrobo komisia Tavisiarsebobis ganmavlobaSi rigianad verasdros funqciobda, iseve, rogorc,prezidentis #388 brZanebulebaSi CamoTvlili sxva samTavrobo uwyebebi,romlebic programis SeqmnaSi monawileobdnen.

saprezidento programis warumatebloba aSkaraa. pirvandeli enTuziazmididi xania gaqra da ssgsd-s TanamSromlebi uimedod upasuxeben programisganxorcielebis Sesaxeb dasmul kiTxvebs. amave dros, es programa, iseve,rogorc sxva mravali, jer kidev moqmedebs da xSirad gamoiyeneba sagzaoseqtoris umZimesi mdgomareobis gasamarTleblad. programa aSkaradmiuRwevel miznebs isaxavda da dResdReobiT met-naklebad realuri SedegebismiuRwevlobac am garemoebas miewereba.

mTlianobaSi, saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa damodernizaciis saprezidento programa kidev erTi magaliTia imisa, rommTavrobis maRal eSelonebSi miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi ver xorcieldeba,miuxedavad miznebis prioritetulobisa.

7 sagzao seqtoris saxelmwifo marTva

7.1 saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifodepartamenti

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris mmarTvelmaorganom mravali cvlileba ganicada. 1992 wels ministrTa kabinetisbrZanebulebiT Seiqmna saxelmwifo koncerni “saqavtogza”31 . “saqavtogza”mxolod ekonomikur saqmianobas eweoda da raime politikuri, mmarTvelobiTifunqcia ar gaaCnda. 1995 wels “aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqturisada saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanoniT,32 “saqavtogzas” mieniWammarTvelobiTi Zalaufleba da igi gaxda saxelmwifo koncerni “saqavtogza”.1997 wels “saqavtogza” saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifodepartamentad gardaiqmna33 .

31 saqarTvelos ministrTa kabinetis 1992 wlis 26 ivnisis #681 brZanebuleba32 saqarTvelos kanoni “aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqturisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb”,13 dekemberi, 1995 weli33 saqarTvelos kanoni “aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqturisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb”,15 aprili, 1997 weli


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saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti pasuxis-mgebelia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris marTvaze, saxelmwifo regulirebasada zedamxedvelobaze. ssgsd-s aseve gaaCnia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiTgansazRvruli samarTaldacviTi funqciebi. ssgsd angariSvaldebuliauSualod saqarTvelos prezidentis winaSe. masze dakisrebuli funqciebissaTanadod Sesasruleblad ssgsd-m mWidrod unda iTanamSromlos sxvasaxelmwifo uwyebebTan, rogoricaa: finansTa saministro, sagadasaxadodepartamenti, sabaJo departamenti, Sinagan saqmeTa saministro, statistikissaxelmwifo departamenti da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento.

ssgsd-s organizaciuli struqtura erTmmarTvelobis principzea agebuli.misi funqciebi xorcieldeba Semdegi struqturuli erTeulebis saSualebiT:

§ ssgsd-s centraluri aparati

§ sagzao fondisa da sagzao sagadasaxado sammarTveloebi

§ sxva daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebi (romlebic sajaro samarTlisiuridiul pirebs warmoadgenen): aWarisa da afxazeTis avtonomiurirespublikebis saavtomobilo gzebis departamentebi, kavSirgabmulobisada informaciis sammarTvelo da proeqtebis eqspertizis sammarTvelo.

ssgsd-s struqturis, misi departamentebisa da daqvemdebarebuli organi-zaciebis movaleobebis, aseve ssgsd-s miznebis, funqciebisa da ufleba-movaleobebis Sesaxeb damatebiTi informacia ixileT danarTSi 5.

ssgsd-s xelmZRvanelobs Tavmjdomare da misi moadgileebi romlebic ssgsd-s aparatis, sauwyebo da daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebis saerTo marTvasada zedamxedvelobas axorcieleben. ssgsd-s informaciiT, centraluriaparati 55, sagzao sagadasaxado sammarTvelo ki 160 TanamSromlisgan Sedgeba,romlebic ZiriTadad saqarTvelos regionebSi muSaoben, sagzao fondissammarTveloSi Sedis 187 srul ganakveTze myofi da 13 xelSekrulebiTmomuSave TanamSromeli. ssgsd-s TanamSromelTa umravlesoba uwyebaSisabWoTa periodidan muSaobs. reorganizaciis procesis miuxedavad, ssgsd-m SeinarCuna ZiriTadi teqnikuri da administraciuli personali. kadrebiscvla TiTqmis ar xdeba: gasuli 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi mxolod 5 axaliTanamSromeli miiRes, romelTac pensiaze gasuli TanamSromlebi Secvales.ssgsd-s informaciiT, axali kadrebis SerCeva “sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb”kanonis Tanaxmad, konkursis safuZvelze xdeba.

kadrebis kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad da maTi unar-Cvevebis gasaumjo-beseblad ssgsd drogamoSvebiT atarebs treningebs. amgvari wvrTnebimimdinareobs msoflio bankisa da quveiTis fondis programis farglebSi,aseve sxva samTavrobo uwyebebis iniciativiT. zogjer ssgsd-s TanamSromlebs(ZiriTadad maRali Tanamdebobis pirebs) saSualeba eZlevaT, kvalifikaciasazRvargareT aimaRlon.

ssgsd-s informaciiT, am uwyebis rigiTi TanamSromlis saSualo xelfasiTveSi 40 lars (≈20 aSS dolari), xolo ganyofilebis ufrosis xelfasi 90


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lars (≈45 aSS dolari) Seadgens. igive mdgomareobaa sagzao fondsa dasagzao sagadasaxado sammarTveloebSi. ssgsd-Si dabali anazRaurebissakompensaciod34 , ssgsd-s #7 brZanebulebis safuZvelze da saqarTvelossagadasaxado kodeqsis 270-e muxlis Tanaxmad, SemuSavda mosamsaxureTamaterialuri waxalisebisa da materialur-teqnikuri ganviTarebis siste-ma35 . ssgsd-s muSakTa materialuri stimulirebis fondis kuTvnili Tanxebisodenobas (sagzao fondisa da sagzao sagadasaxado sammarTvelos miergadasaxadebis akrefis yovelTviuri gegmis Sesrulebis prognozissafuZvelze) yovelTviurad adgens ssgsd-s ekonomikuri da finansuriurTierTobebis sammarTvelo. gaangariSebebi dasamtkiceblad ssgsd-sxelmZRvanelobasa da finansTa saministros waredgineba. ssgsd-scentraluri aparati MmuSakTa materialuri waxalisebisa da materialur-teqnikuri bazis ganviTarebis fondSi miRebuli saxsrebis 35%-s iRebs, xolodarCenili 65% proporciulad nawildeba sagzao fondsa da sagzaosagadasaxado sammarTveloebze. centraluri aparatis mier stimulirebisfondidan miRebuli Tanxis 80% TanamSromelTa saxelfaso danamatebs, xolo20% ssgsd-s materialur-teqnikur xelSewyobas xmardeba. kontrolispalatis monacemebiT, 2001 wels ssgsd-s stimulirebis fondis saxsrebma592 aTasi lari Seadgina, aqedan 229.6 aTasi lari centralur aparatsgadaericxa, 279.8 aTasi – sagzao fondis sammarTvelos, xolo 82.6 aTasilari – sagzao sagadasaxado sammarTvelos 36 . ssgsd-s informaciiT,stimulirebis sistema ssgsd-s TanamSromelTa saSualo xelfasis 50%-iandanamats gulisxmobs, gadasaxadebis amkrefi uwyebebis TanamSromlebi kixelfasis 5-6-jer met saxelfaso danamats iReben.

7.2 funqciebisa da valdebulebebis Sesrulebis done

ssgsd-m saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier dakisrebuli da ssgsd-s debulebiTgansazRvruli mravali funqcia da valdebuleba ver Seasrula.

ssgsd Seiqmna sagzao seqtorSi maregulirebeli funqciebis ganxorcielebisada, rac mTavaria, sagzao seqtorSi samTavrobo politikis SemuSavebisa dawarmarTvisTvis, rac gulisxmobs: grZelvadiani samTavrobo programebisSemuSavebas da kontrols maTi ganxorcielebaze; saqarTvelos sagzaoseqtorSi arsebuli finansuri da ekonomikuri mdgomareobis mravalmxriv

34 statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebiT, 2003 wlisaTvis saqarTveloSi saarsebo minimumiTveSi 117.3 lars Seadgenda (≈58 aSS dolari)35 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 270-e muxlis Tanxmad (1997 wlis 13 ivnisi – 2001 wlis 22ivnisis mdgomareobiT), sagadasaxado uwyebebs ufleba aqvT, Camoayalibon finansuri waxalisebisada materialur-teqnikuri xelSewyobis fondi. fondis Semosavlebi sagadasaxado Semosavlebiswliuri gegmis Sesrulebazea damokidebuli. Sesabamisad, Tu gegma 70%-80%-iT sruldeba, fondigegmis 70%-is gadametebiT mobilizebuli Tanxis 3%-s iRebs, Tu 80%-90%-iT _ 80%-is gadametebiTmobilizebuli Tanxis 5%-s, 90%-100%-is SemTxvevaSi, gegmis 90%-is gadametebiT mobilizebuli Tanxis10%-s, xolo 100%-iT Sesrulebisas, gegmis 100%-is gadametebiT mobilizebuli Tanxis 15%-s.36 kontrolis palatis monacemebiT, waxalisebis fondis Tanxebi mxolod nawilobriv iqna daxarjuliTanamSromelTa saxelfaso danamatebze, garkveuli Tanxa ssgsd-s, sagzao fondisa da sagzaosagadasaxado samsaxurebis angariSebze darCa, magram kontrolis palatis angariSi aranairinformacias ar iZleva imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor gaixarja darCenili saxsrebi.


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analizs; seqtoris ZiriTadi mimarTulebebisa da ganviTarebis progno-zirebas; sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli gadaudebeli problemebis gadaWrasda mTlianad seqtoris SesaZleblobebis gafarToebas.

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi erTaderT grZelvadian programas “saavto-mobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis” saprezidento programawarmoadgens. is faqti, rom eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi programis Seusruleb-lobis miuxedavad ssgsd-m ver SeZlo, Tundac eRiarebina programis ararea-luroba da gaerkvia warumateblobis mizezebi, badebs eWvs, rom ssgsd-s arSeuZlia masze dakisrebuli funqciebis Sesruleba.

kidev erTi valdebuleba, romelic ssgsd-m ver Seasrula, saqarTvelossagzao seqtorSi arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciis regularuligamoqveyneba gaxlavT. ssgsd samTavrobo uwyebebs droulad da srulisaxiT ar awvdis angariSebs, gaangariSebebsa da statistikur monacemebs.magaliTad, xSirad xdeba, roca ssgsd ar warudgens angariSebs saxelmwifoSesyidvebis saagentosa (sSs) da statistikis saxelmwifo departaments. esam uwyebebis mier sajaro seqtorisa da qveynis ekonomikuri mdgomareobisSesaxeb monacemebis damuSavebasa da analizs mniSvnelovnad aferxebs.ssgsd-s mier satendero procedurebisa da dadebuli xelSekrulebebisSesaxeb angariSebis dagvianebiT warmodgenac xels uSlis sSs-s, drouladmoaxdinos reagireba saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisas gamovlenil darRvevebzeda aferxebs saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb angariSebis momzadebas.

ssgsd-s sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebTan yvela doneze axlo TanamSromlobaevaleba. miuxedavad imisa, rom ssgsd-s mxridan araerTxel iyo mcdeloba,sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebTan erToblivi brZanebulebebisa da maregu-lirebeli aqtebis saSualebiT mWidro kooperacia Camoyalibebuliyo,Sedegebi saxarbielo namdvilad ar gaxlavT. gadasaxadebis akrefis drosssgsd-s, sagadasaxado da sabaJo departamentebis SeuTanxmebeli muSaobamravaljer gamxdara seriozuli problemebis mizezi - ramdenimejersasamarTlo ganxilvac gaxda saWiro maT Soris arsebuli davisgadasawyvetad. ssgsd-sa da finansTa saministros, sagzao policissammarTvelos, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos, Tbilisis merias SoriswamoWrili dapirispirebebi mniSvnelovnad aferxebs sagzao seqtorisganviTarebas. ssgsd-s, transportisa da kavSirgabmulobis saministrosada saqarTvelos sagzao-satransporto administracias Soris arsebuligarTulebuli urTierTobebi Zalze uaryofiT gavlenas axdens saqarTvelossatranzito funqciaze. satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenelTa gamo-kiTxvis Sedegad aRmoCnda, rom arc transportisa da kavSirgabmulobissaministro, arc saqarTvelos sagzao-satransporto administracia, sagzaogadazidvebis kompaniebi da satransporto sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTav-robo organizaciebi ar monawileoben ssgsd-s mier wliuri samuSao gegmisSemuSavebaSi.

is, rom sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebis sferoSi sagzao policiissammarTvelosTan nayofierad ver TanamSromlobs, ssgsd-s muSaobisseriozuli xarvezia, gansakuTrebiT sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis


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savalalo statistikis gaTvaliswinebiT37 . miuxedavad imisa, rom gzebismZime mdgomareoba sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis gamomwvev mizezadiSviaTad saxeldeba, sagzao policia xSirad swored amas miiCnevsarapirdapir mizezad. amiT kidev erTxel dasturdeba sagzao xelmZRva-nelobisa da sagzao policiis TanamSromlobis aucilebloba.

Zalze mciredi gakeTda sxva qveynebTan TanamSromlobis sferoSi.mniSvnelovani iqneboda mezobel qveynebTan axlo TanamSromloba,rogorebicaa somxeTi, azerbaijani da ruseTi. saqarTvelos xelisuflebismier sagzao qselis reabilitaciis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebebis Seusruleblobamezobeli qveynebis, saxeldobr, somxeTis, did ukmayofilebas iwvevs.

ssgsd-s sasargeblod unda iTqvas, rom man gzebis reabilitaciisaTvissaerTaSoriso donori organizaciebisa da qveynebisagan ramdenime grantida krediti moipova. miuxedavad amisa, investiciebis mozidvis SesaZleblobebisrulad ar aris gamoyenebuli.

ssgsd-s kidev erTi Seusrulebeli funqcia gaxlavT sagzao seqtorismonacemTa bazis Seqmna. ssgsd-s xelmZRvaneloba aRniSnavs amgvari monacemTabazis Seqmnis aucileblobas da misi Seuqmnelobis mizezad resursebisnaklebobas asaxelebs. ssgsd-s kompiuterizacia ramdenime wlis win daiwyoda am mimarTulebiT miRweuli Sedegebis miuxedavad (sagzao fondissammarTvelos kompiuterizacia), monacemTa udidesi nawili mxolod nabeWdisaxiT arsebobs, rac Zalze arTulebs maT moZiebas, damuSavebas, analizsada gavrcelebas. ssgsd-s mier sainformacio teqnologiebis arasakmarisigamoyeneba seriozulad aferxebs kavSirs centralur xelmZRvanelobasada raionis warmomadgenlebs Soris (mag., gadasaxadebis amkrefni da sagzaosamuSaoTa zedamxedvelebi, romlebic saqarTvelos regionebSi muSaoben).

rac mTavaria, ssgsd-m ver SeZlo gzebisa da sagzao samuSaoTa xarisxiskontrolis saTanado uzrunvelyofa da saxelmwifo kontraqtebissakonkurso wesiT gaformeba38 .

7.3 ssgsd-s organizaciuli sakiTxebi da saqarTvelossagzao fondi

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sagzao fondis arsebobis sakiTxi Seqmnis dRidan(1995 weli) ganuwyveteli diskusiis sagania. am uwyebis mimarT arsebobsramdenime kiTxva:

§ ramdenad marTebulia, rom sagzao fondis saxsrebi da sagzaogadasaxadebis saxiT Semosuli Tanxebi mxolod qveynis sagzaoseqtoris dafinansebas xmardebodes

37 2002 wels saqarTveloSi 2011 sagzao-satransporto SemTxveva iqna registrirebuli, romelTaSedegad 515 adamiani daiRupa da 2509 daSavda (“saqarTvelos socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba2002”, saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti).38 ix. me-10 Tavi


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§ unda gaaCndes Tu ara saxelmwifo sagzao fonds sagzao gadasaxadebisakrefis ufleba

§ unda eqvemdebarebodes Tu ara saxelmwifo sagzao fondi saqarTvelossaavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departaments

1995 wels saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis misiam saqarTvelos ministrTakabinets warudgina memorandumi39 1996 wlis saxelmwifo biujetSisagadasaxado politikis sakiTxebisa da sagadasaxado kodeqsis proeqtisSesaxeb. memorandumis erTi nawili saxelmwifo sagzao fonds exeboda.saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis eqspertebs miaCniaT, rom sagadasaxadoSemosavlebis miznobrivi gamoyeneba gamarTlebulia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,Tu sagadasaxado valdebuleba da Semosavlebis miznobrioba mWidrokavSirSia erTmaneTTan. miznobrivi gadasaxadi saSualebas iZleva, am saxiTgadaxdili Tanxebi maTi gamoyenebiT miRebul sargebels Seudardes.magaliTad: mTel rig qveynebSi sawvavze gadasaxadiT miRebuli Semosavlebigzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-SenaxvisaTvis gamoiyeneba. aRniSnuligadasaxadi gacilebiT misaRebia gadamxdelTaTvis, raki sagadasaxadoSemosavlebi mosaxleobisaTvis TvalsaCino, sasargeblo mizans xmardeba.saqarTveloSi sagzao gadasaxadebi potenciur sargebelTan yovelTvisrodia dakavSirebuli. magaliTisTvis aviRoT saerTo sargeblobissaavtomobilo gzebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi: igi sawarmoTa wliuribrunvis mixedviT iangariSeba da sulac ar aris dakavSirebuli gzebisgamoyenebasTan.

savaluto fondis eqspertebs aseve miaCniaT, rom sagadasaxado Semosavlebismiznobriobis gansazRvra amcirebs saxelmwifo biujetis moqnilobas daSesaZloa xeli SeuSalos Semosavlebis efeqtian ganawilebas. sabiujetosaxsrebze moTxovnileba unda dakmayofildes saxelmwifo biujetis sworida Ria ganawilebiT; Sesabamisad, miznobrivi gadasaxadebi arasabiujetofonds ki ar unda warmoadgendes, aramed biujetis nawili unda iyos. amasgarda, savaluto fondis eqspertebi Tvlian, rom saxelmwifo sagzao fondSigadasaxadebis akrefis funqciis arseboba arTulebs qveyanaSi gadasaxadebisamoRebis mTlian process. amis mizezi aris is, rom fondi axdens sagadasaxadoinspeqciis funqciebis dublirebas. Sedegad, gadamxdels urTierToba uwevsramdenime gadasaxadebis amkref uwyebasTan. saerTaSoriso savaluto fondisrekomendacia iTvaliswinebda arsebuli sagzao gadasaxadebis gauqmebas,benzinsa da dizelze saaqcizo gadasaxadis gazrdas – Sesabamisad, metiSemosavlebis mobilizebas gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-SenaxvisaTvis.

msgavsi rekomendaciebi gamoiTqva msoflio bankis konsultantis mier 1998wels40 “transportis reabilitaciis proeqtis” saboloo angariSSi. esrekomendaciebi gulisxmobda: saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT

39 saqarTvelo: sagadasaxado politika 1996 wlis biujetis kanonSi da sagadasaxado kodeqsisproeqtis SemuSaveba, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi, 27 seqtemberi, 1995 weli40 danarTi 4: saqarTveloSi gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis dafinanseba – saxelmwifosagzao fondi da masTan dakavSirebuli kanonebi; saboloo angariSi, transportis reabilitaciisproeqti, aprili, 1998 weli


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sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadis gauqmebas, saxelmwifo sagzao fondisreformirebas da mis daqvemdebarebas finansTa saministrosTvis an iseTidamoukidebeli, arasabiujeto uwyebis Camoyalibebas, romelic saqarTvelosspecifikas miesadageboda, Tanac savaluto fondisaTvis misaRebi iqneboda.saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebze gadasaxadis gauqmebiTdaklebuli Semosavlebis sakompensaciod SemoTavazebuli iyo sawvavzedamatebiTi gadasaxadis SemoReba. sagzao fondis reformireba moicavda:misi sammarTveloebis gaerTianebas, zogierTi gadasaxadis romelime sxvauwyebisaTvis gadabarebas (mag., sabaJo departamentis an avtotransportisinspeqtirebis samsaxurebisaTvis) da TanamSromelTa mxolod im raodenobisSenarCunebas, ramdenic sakmarisi iqneboda sawvavze gadasaxadis asakrefad.eqspertTa varaudiT, aRniSnuli zomebis gatarebiT saxelmwifo sagzaofondis darCenil TanamSromelTa produqtiuloba Svidjer maincgaizrdeboda.

kvlevis Sedegad warmoCnda, rom mosaxleobis Sexedulebebi saxelmwifosagzao fondisa da sagzao gadasaxadebis Sesaxeb araerTgvarovania.gamokiTxulTa umravlesobam aRniSna, rom sagzao fondis saqmianobam raRacSedegi mainc iqonia gzebis mdgomareobaze, gansakuTrebiT Tu SevadarebTgzebis mdgomareobas gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebis dasawyisisas; Tumca,isic unda iTqvas, rom es Sedegi mosalodnelze gacilebiT uaresi iyo.

satransporto sawarmoebi, romlebic “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanonisTanaxmad yvelaze maRali ganakveTiT ibegreba, sagzao fondis mimarTukiduresad negatiur damokidebulebas gamoxataven. maTTvis saavtomobilogzebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi wliuri brunvis 2%-s Seadgens. amasemateba Semosvlisa da tranzitis mosakreblebi, satransporto saSualebissakuTrebis gadasaxadi da iseTi arapirdapiri gadasaxadic, rogoricaaaqcizi importirebul benzinze (sagzao gadasaxadebis sruli nusxa ix.danarTSi 6). amave dros, gzebis mZime mdgomareobis gamo yvelaze metadswored es sawarmoebi zaraldeba. magaliTad: saqarTveloSi tvirTebisgadamzidveli erT-erTi sawarmo yovelwliurad daaxloebiT 30000 aSSdolars ixdis sagzao gadasaxadebis saxiT, rac misaRebi iqneboda, rom aradamatebiT kidev 40000 aSS dolaris gzebis cudi mdgomareobiT gamowveuliavtotransportis SekeTebis xarji. satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebsmiaCniaT, rom saxelmwifo sagzao fondi unda gamoeyos gzebis saxelmwifodepartaments. maTi azriT, Cairicxeba sagzao gadasaxadebi centralurbiujetSi Tu damoukidebel, arasabiujeto fondSi, ssf-s ssgsd-sagangamoyofis Sedegad gadasaxadebis akrefisa da miRebuli Semosavlebisgankargvis procesi ufro gamWvirvale iqneba da SesaZlebeli gaxdebaSemosuli saxsrebis miznobrivi xarjvis efeqturi kontroli. aseT drosSesasrulebeli sagzao samuSaoebis yovelwliuri gegmis momzadebisassatransporto seqtoris warmomadgenelTa azrisa da rekomendaciebis metadgaTvaliswinebac SesaZlebeli gaxdeboda.

maRali sagzao gadasaxadebi, gzebis arasaxarbielo mdgomareoba, ssgsd-sxelmZRvanelobis mier saxelmwifo sagzao fondSi mobilizebuli saxsrebismarTebulad gankargvis mimarT rwmenis deficiti ganapirobebs mosaxleobis


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uaryofiT damokidebulebas saxelmwifo sagzao fondisa da sagzao gadasa-xadebis mimarT. kerZo mewarmeebs, romelTac wliuri brunvis 1%-is gadaxdaekisrebaT, ar esmiT, Tu ratom unda ibegrebodnen am gadasaxadiT, radganmaTi saqmianoba gzebis gamoyenebasTan didad ar aris dakavSirebuli.aRniSnuli zustad asaxavs saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis miersaqarTvelos mTavrobisaTvis 1995 wels warmodgenil memorandums: Tumiznobrivi gadasaxadebi ar ukavSirdeba maTi gadaxdiT miRebul sargebels,sazogadoeba yovelTvis uaryofiTad iqneba ganwyobili amgvarigadasaxadebis mimarT. amave dros, iqmneba maTTvis Tavis aridebisa daekonomikuri saqmianobis kanondarRveviT warmarTvis stimuli.

warmodgenil Sexedulebebs ewinaaRmdegebian is sawarmoebi, romelTasaqmianobas gzebis mSenebloba da movla-Senaxva warmoadgens. aRniSnulsawarmoTa Semosavlebi mTlianad damokidebulia gzebis saxelmwifodepartamentTan dadebul xelSekrulebebze. maTTvis saxelmwifo sagzaofondi Semosavlis erTaderT wyaros warmoadgens, xolo fondis saxelmwifosagzao departamentis daqvemdebarebaSi yofna erTaderTi garantiaa imisa,rom fondSi Semosul saxsrebs mTavroba biujetis sxva muxlebSi arsebulideficitis Sesavsebad ar gamoiyenebs.

ssf-ze kontroli kvlav rCeba gacxarebuli politikuri debatebis sagnad.masalebis analizis da kvlevisas Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegad aRmoCnda,rom politikosebi, saxelmwifo moxeleebi da ekonomistebi miiCneven:gadasaxadebis akrefa mxolod erTi uwyebis, kerZod ki saqarTvelossagadasaxado departamentis mier unda xorcieldebodes. es gaaadvilebdasagadasaxado Semosavlebisa da sagzao gadasaxadebiT miRebuliSemosavlebis kontrols. dResdReobiT ssf-s Semosavlebze angariSgebassgsd-s mier xorcieldeba. ssgsd-sa da ssf-s audits saqarTveloskontrolis palata axorcielebs. is, rom kontrolis palatis mierCatarebuli Semowmebebis xarisxi sakmaod dabalia, xolo ssgsd-m SesaZloassf-Si mobilizebuli Semosavlebis realuri odenoba ganzrax Seamciros,gvafiqrebinebs, rom ssf-s kontrolis sferoSi meti gamWvirvalobaa saWiro.

aseve problemuria dagegmvis, gadasaxadebis akrefis, kontrolisa daxarjvis funqciebis erT organizaciaSi – ssgsd-Si moqceva. dResdReobiTssgsd adgens ssf-s Semosavlebis prognozebs, Sesabamisad, sagzaosamuSaoebis gegmebs, akontrolebs ssf-s ganyofilebebis mier gadasaxadebisakrefas, gankargavs ssf-s saxsrebs, waradgens angariSebs ssf-s Semosav-lebisa da sakuTari danaxarjebis Sesaxeb. arsebuli sistemis gasa-marTleblad ssgsd-s mier warmodgenili argumenti aris is, rom qveyanaSigadasaxadebis akrefis Zalze dabali donea, centraluri biujetisSeusrulebloba Cveulebriv movlenas warmoadgens da sagadasaxadouwyebebSi maRalia korufciis xarisxi. ssgsd Seaxsenebs mis oponentebs,rom ssf-s Camoyalibebamde sagzao seqtori mTlianad centralur biujetzeiyo damokidebuli, romelic, Tavis mxriv, ver akmayofilebda qveynissaWiroebebs. sagzao gadasaxadebiT miRebuli Semosavlebis sagzao fondSiakumulireba resursebis met-naklebi mobilizebis saSualebas iZleva.amave dros, sagzao fondi gadasaxadebis amkrefi erTaderTi uwyebaa,


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romelic regularulad asrulebs sagadasaxado Semosavlebis gegmas.unda aRiniSnos, rom ssf-s sagadasaxado Semosavlebis gegmas adgens ssgsd,anu uwyeba, romelic pasuxs agebs gegmis Sesrulebaze, sxva sagadasaxadouwyebebSi saqme sxvagvaradaa.

arsebobs kidev erTi mizezi, ris gamoc ssgsd winaaRmdegia ssf-s misidaqvemdebarebidan gayvanisa. ssf ara mxolod sagzao seqtorisaTvis saWiroresursebis arsebobas niSnavs, aramed ssgsd-s centraluri aparatisSenarCunebasac ganapirobebs. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, mis struqturaSigadasaxadebis amkrefi erTeulis arseboba ssgsd-s uflebas aZlevs, rommisi saxiT sagadasaxado uwyebebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulma stimulirebissistemam iarsebos, rac finansuri waxalisebis da sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebTanSedarebiT meti saxsrebis akumulirebis saSualebas iZleva.

ssgsd-sa da ssf-s gamokiTxul TanamSromelTa umravlesoba aRiarebs, romgzebis momxmareblebi ssgsd-s muSaobiT da ssf-s saxsrebze kontrolismonopolizebiT ukmayofiloni arian. amasTan, aRniSnaven, rom mimdinareetapze alternativa ar arsebobs. isini eTanxmebian azrs, rom momavalSissf unda gamoeyos ssgsd-s struqturas, damoukidebel uwyebad Camoyalibdesan funqciebi saqarTvelos sagadasaxado departaments gadaulocos. ise ki,gaugebaria, kidev ra pirobebi unda Seiqmnas, rom es nabiji gadaidgas.

7.4 korufcia saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi da sagzaoseqtoris aratransparentuloba

ssf-s statusisa da masze ssgsd-s kontrolis Sesaxeb argumentebis safuZvelswarmoadgens farTod gavrcelebuli azri, rom es sistema korumpirebulia.msoflio bankis mier saqarTveloSi korufciis Sesaxeb Catarebuli kvlevis41

SedegebiT, saxelmwifo struqturebs Soris yvelaze korumpirebuladsagadasaxado uwyebebi miiCneva da, raki ssf gadasaxadebis amkref uwyebaswarmoadgens, es mosazreba maszec vrceldeba. erTaderTi gansxvaveba ssf-ssagadasaxado samsaxurebsa da sagadasaxado departaments Soris gaxlavTis, rom ssf-s sagadasaxado samsaxurebi ar arian uflebamosilni, SeamowmonsawarmoTa finansuri dokumentebis siswore da am mxriv damokidebulniarian saqarTvelos sagadasaxado departamentis monacemebze.

rogorc irkveva, sagadasaxado inspeqtorTaTvis qrTamis micema Cveulpraqtikas warmoadgens. aseT dros gadasaxadebidan Tavis aridebis faqtebiar fiqsirdeba, Sesabamisad, sanqciebic ar mohyveba.

Jurnalisturi gamoZiebis SedegebiT, sagzao gadasaxadebis gadauxdelobasaseve ar mosdevs aranairi sanqcia. arada, mTel rig msxvil sawarmoebssakmaod didi sagadasaxado davalianeba aqvT. raki amgvar sawarmoTaumravlesoba saxelmwifo sawarmoebia, prezidentis brZanebulebebisa da

41 korufcia saqarTveloSi: kvlevis Sedegebi, msoflio banki, ivnisi, 2000 weli


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finansTa saministrosTan SeTanxmebis safuZvelze xdeba sagadasaxadodavalianebebis Camowera an gadavadeba.

ssgsd-s daxuruli struqtura ganamtkicebs im mosazrebas, rom saqarTvelossagzao seqtorSi korufcia mZvinvarebs. ssgsd pasuxismgebelia ssf-sSemosavlisa da gasavlis gansazRvraze, romlebic wina wlebis SesrulebismaCveneblebis safuZvelze igegmeba. wliuri gegma saqarTvelos finansTasaministrom unda daamtkicos, magram imis gamo, rom sagzao seqtoriarasabiujeto fondidan finansdeba, aRniSnuli sakiTxebis Sesaxebgadawyvetilebis miRebisas ssgsd gacilebiT meti uflebebiT sargeblobs,vidre sxva sabiujeto organizaciebi. ssf pasuxismgebelia Semosavlebiswliuri gegmis Sesrulebaze. ssf-Si sagadasaxado Semosavlebisakumulirebaze kontrols ssgsd axorcielebs da mas xarjviTi muxlebisgansazRvris sruli ufleba gaaCnia.

aRniSnuli sistemis gamo mraval politikosSi, mTavrobis warmomadgenelSi,Jurnalistsa da gadasaxadebis gadamxdelSi eWvs aRZravs ssf-s gancxadebebiimis Taobaze, rom sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefis mxriv es uwyeba maqsimaluradefeqturia. isini varaudoben, rom igi xelovnurad amcirebs arsebulsagadasaxado bazas an srulad ar aRricxavs Semosavlebs. es kargadcnobili korufciuli sqemaa: Semosavlebi realurze naklebi igegmeba, wlisbolosaTvis maTi mobilizebis gegma sruldeba da gadasaxadebis amkrefiuwyeba materialuri stimulirebis Tanxebs iRebs. amasobaSi dagegmil darealur sagadasaxado Semosavlebs Soris sxvaobis ukanono miTviseba xdeba.ssgsd-sa da ssf-s finansebis audits saqarTvelos kontrolis palataaxorcielebs, magram misi angariSebi ZiriTadad ssgsd-s xarjebs Tusagadasaxado Semosavlebis dinamikas asaxavs da ar iZleva mobilizebulida realurad SesaZlebeli Semosavlebis Sedarebas.

wesiT, ssgsd-s unda awyobdes ssf-s misi daqvemdebarebidan gayvana. amSemTxvevaSi ssgsd ar iqneba Semosavlebis Sesrulebaze pasuxismgebelida miecema SesaZlebloba, ssf-s sagadasaxado Semosavlebis ufro maRaligegma dauwesos, saqmianobis ufro efeqturad warmarTva mosTxovos, mkacrisanqciebi gaataros urCi gadamxdelebisa da ssf-s im TanamSromelTa mimarT,romlebic gegmas ver asruleben. aqedan gamomdinare, ssgsd-sTvis ssf-ssaxsrebis gamoyenebis uflebamosileba da imavdroulad am saxsrebisakumulirebaze kontroli SeuTavsebelia sazogadoebis interesebTan.

mosazreba ssgsd-s sistemis korumpirebulobis Sesaxeb momdinareobsssgsd-sa da sagzao sawarmoTa Soris arsebuli urTierTobebidan: masSi,iseve, rogorc saxelmwifo kontraqtebis dadebis praqtikaSi, sabWoTaperiodidan moyolebuli, cota ram Tu Seicvala.

sabWoTa periodSi saqarTvelos sagzao seqtori viwro specializaciissferod Camoyalibda, sadac SezRuduli raodenobis sawarmoebimoRvaweobdnen. yovelwliurad saxelmwifo sagzao administraciisagan essawarmoebi fiqsirebul samuSao gegmasa da anazRaurebas iRebdnen, xolostiqiuri ubedurebebiT gamowveuli dazianebebis aRmosafxvrelad centra-


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luri biujetidan damatebiTi finansebi gamoiyofoda. ar iyo aranairikonkurencia; yvela sawarmo angariSvaldebuli iyo saxelmwifo sagzaoadministraciis winaSe, romelic, Tavis mxriv, pasuxs agebda aRniSnulsawarmoTa mier Tanxebis miznobriv xarjvaze. amas emateboda kadrebisucvleloba. aRniSnulma faqtorebma ganapiroba mWidro profesiuli dapiradi urTierTobebis Camoyalibeba sagzao sawarmoebsa da saxelmwifosagzao administracias Soris. mTlianobaSi, sabWoTa mmarTvelobisasCamoyalibebuli sistema SeiZleba Sefasdes, rogorc klanuri, romelSic”ucxo” ar daiSveboda.

postkomunisturi qveynebis Sesaxeb momzadebul angariSebSi korufciiserT-erT ZiriTad mizezad xSirad sabWoTa memkvidreoba saxeldeba. igiveSeiZleba iTqvas saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorzec. am dargis warmomadgenelTaumravlesoba, maT Soris ssgsd-s TanamSromlebic, aRiarebs, rom TviT sabWoTaperiodSic sagzao seqtorSi korufcia yvaoda. saxelmwifo qonebis(samSeneblo masalebis) dataceba da maTi adgilze gayidva, saxelmwifosaxsrebis gaflangva da makontrolebelTaTvis qrTamis micema Cveulebrivpraqtikas warmoadgenda. im dros saqarTveloSi SedarebiT ukeTesi gzebisarseboba mxolod centralizebulad mowodebuli uxvi finansuri saxsrebiTaixsneba. ssgsd-s TanamSromlebis gancxadebiT, sagzao seqtori yovelwliu-rad 200 milion maneTs iRebda, rac, sxvadasxva gaTvlebiT, saqarTvelosgzebis movla-SenaxvisaTvis yovelwliurad saWiro 100 milion aSS dolaristolfasia.42

miuxedavad imisa, rom sabWoTa periodisdari uxvi dafinanseba ukve didixania, aRar arsebobs, sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli urTierTobebi, saqmianobisprincipebisa da meTodebis msgavsad, ucvleli rCeba. msoflio bankisrekomendaciiT ganxorcielebuli sagzao sawarmoTa privatizebis Sedegadver moxerxda seqtorSi konkurentuli bazris Camoyalibeba. miuxedavadimisa, rom sagzao sawarmoTa garkveuli raodenoba privatizebis pirvelivewlebSi bazridan ganidevna, xolo ramdenime sawarmom gaerTianeba moaxerxada ufro maRali teqnikuri SesaZleblobebis mqone organizaciad Camoyalibda,umravlesoba sabWouri tipis mcire sawarmod darCa. maT mudmivad uwevTbrZola gadarCenisaTvis. unda aRiniSnos, rom decentralizaciis Semdegverc erTma axalma sagzao sawarmom ver SeZlo am bazarze SeRweva. esSeiZleba imiT aixsnas, rom ssgsd kvlav rCeba saqarTveloSi sagzaosamuSaoebis erTaderT damkveTad, menardeTa SerCevisas erTpirovnuladiRebs gadawyvetilebebs erT pirTan molaparakebis SemTxvevaSi da gadamwyvetrols TamaSobs Ria da daxurul tenderebSi.

qarTul sazogadoebasa da politikur wreebSi arsebobs mosazreba, romssgsd-sa da sagzao sawarmoTa warmomadgenlebs Soris arsebuli piradiurTierTobebi did gavlenas axdens sagzao samuSaoebis menardeTa SerCevaze.es mosazreba dasturdeba im faqtiTac, rom arc erT axladSeqmnil sawarmos,romelic sabWoTa periodSi sagzao seqtors ar ekuTvnoda, kontraqti armiuRia. respondentebma aRiares, rom axali kompaniebisaTvis SeuZlebelia

42 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da sauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 30 oqtomberi, 2002 weli


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sagzao samSeneblo bazarze SeRweva, Tu, ra Tqma unda, ssgsd-s “nacnob”sawarmoebze mets ar gadauxdian. magram msxvili “otkatebi” axalsawarmoTaTvis sagzao samuSaoebis Catarebas wamgebians xdis, Sesabamisad,ssgsd-s mier gamarTul tenderebSi monawileobas isini Tavs arideben.

saqarTvelos kanonma “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” nayofieri niadagiSeqmna “otkatebis” sistemis CamoyalibebisTvis, rodesac warmatebuli menardekontraqtisTvis damkveTs saxelSekrulebo Tanxis nawils ubrunebs. garda“otkatebisa”, ssgsd saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis sxva formas- erT pirTan molaparakebas iyenebs, raTa SeinarCunos sistema, romelicssgsd-s xarjebis kontrols Zalze arTulebs. mcire kontraqti, romlisminiWebac “saxelmwifo SesyidvaTa Sesaxeb” kanonis Tanaxmad ukonkursodxdeba, ZiriTadad im sawarmoebs eZleva, romlebic sagzao samuSaosganxorcielebis adgilTan axlos mdebareobs. aseTi kontraqtebiTxorcieldeba sagzao samuSaoebis udidesi nawili. es niSnavs, rom ssgsdsamuSaoTa ganawilebis zonaluri principis erTgulia.

xSiria sagzao sawarmoebTan gzebis movla-Senaxvis samuSao xelSekru-lebebis dadeba Sesasrulebel samuSaoTa moculobis ganusazRvrelad.aseT dros sagzao sawarmom arsebuli resursebis farglebSi undauzrunvelyos gzebis movla-Senaxvis samuSaoTa maqsimaluri moculoba,realurad ki xelSekrulebaSi konkretuli samuSaoebis moculobisa dasaxeobis ganusazRvreloba sawarmos mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos efeqturkontrols SeuZlebels xdis. amis gamo mravali konkurentuunaro sawarmouaRresad moZvelebuli teqnikiTa da arasakmarisi resursebiT ssgsd-swyalobiT xelovnurad SemorCa sagzao bizness.

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, saqarTveloSi gzebis xarisxi uaresdeba, rakisagzao sawarmoebs gzebis cud movla-Senaxvaze pasuxi ar moeTxovebaT.saxelmwifo uwyebebs Soris SeuTanxmebeli muSaobis gamo Zalze rTuliassgsd-dan Tanxebis gadinebis, sagzao sawarmoTa angariSebze maTi Caricxvisda xarjTaRricxvis kontroli. zemoaRniSnuli warmoadgens ssgsd-sTanamSromelTa mier saxelmwifo saxsrebis TiTqmis urisko gaflangvas.Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom ssgsd-s mier mcire kontraqtebze gacemuli Tanxebigzebis saWiro mdgomareobamde misayvanad sakmarisi keTilsindisierisaqmianobis SemTxvevaSic ar iqneboda, gasagebia, rom aravin cdilobsgamoyofili Tanxis Sedarebas realurad Catarebuli samuSaoebis SesaZloRirebulebasTan.

ase rom, sagzao samuSaoebis ganawilebis ssgsd-seuli “politika” sagzaosawarmoebs korufciisaken Tavad ubiZgebs, rac am ukanasknelT saxelmwifokontraqtebiT uzrunvelyofs da sagzao samuSaoebis xarisxze zrunvasTavidan acilebs.

ssgsd-Si da zogadad saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi korufciis maRalidonis Sesaxeb mosazrebis farTod gavrcelebas xels uwyobs ssgsd-ssistemis aratransparentuloba: ssf-sa da ssgsd-s saqmianobis Sesaxebgamoqveynebuli informaciis simcire da dabrkolebebi am saxis informaciismopovebisas.


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“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis meore muxlis Tanaxmad,ssgsd valdebulia, ssf-s resursebis gamoyenebis wliuri gegma da gaweulixarjebis Sesaxeb angariSebi qarTul presaSi gamoaqveynos. metic, msofliobankis rekomendaciiT, ssgsd-m sazogadoebasTan urTierTobebis kargaddagegmili politika unda warmarTos, rac moicavs yovelTviuradsaqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli viTarebis (ssgsd-s saqmianobis,Semosavlebisa da xarjebis, mogebisa da zaralis) Sesaxeb statiebisa dapresrelizebis gamoqveynebas. am Ronisziebis mizani sagzao problemebzesazogadoebis yuradRebis gamaxvilebaa. zemoaRniSnulidan Zalze cotaram Tu ganxorcielda: erTxel gamoqveynda ssgsd-s mier gaweulidanaxarjebis angariSi da drodadro vrceldeba presrelizebi, romlebicara imdenad seqtorSi mimdinare procesebs asaxavs, ramdenadac ssgsd-smimarT gamoTqmuli kritikuli gancxadebebis pasuxia. nebismier SemTxvevaSi,sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis ramdenadme mizanmimarTuli politikiswarmarTva ar SeiniSneba. qarTuli masmediiT ssgsd-sa da sagzao seqtorisSesaxeb gamoqveynebuli informacia ZiriTadad uaryofiTia an saqarTvelosgzebis mdgomareobis kritikas Seicavs da sagzao seqtorSi gavrcelebulkorufciul faqtebs amxels. samwuxarod, aseT publikaciebSi gamoqveynebuliinformacia ZiriTadad arakompetenturia da advilad SeiZleba iqnasuaryofili. es saSualebas aZlevs ssgsd-s, saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSiarsebuli problemebidan sazogadoebis yuradReba sxva sakiTxebzegadaitanos.

informaciis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb kanonis Tanaxmad43 , sajaro informaciaxelmisawvdomia yvela dainteresebuli pirisTvis44 . pasuxismgebelma uwyebammoTxovnidan 10 dRis vadaSi unda daakmayofilos nebismieri ganacxadisajaro informaciis miwodebis Sesaxeb. metic, saqarTvelos administraciulikodeqsis 36-e muxlis Tanaxmad, yvela sajaro uwyebam unda daniSnos piri,romelic uSualod agebs pasuxs sajaro informaciis miwodebaze. sakuTarigamocdilebidan SegviZlia ganvacxadoT, rom ssgsd-s aT dReze gacilebiTmeti sWirdeba sajaro informaciis mowodebisaTvis. Tveze meti cda dassgsd-s sxvadasxva ganyofilebebSi aTobiT satelefono zari dagvWirda,raTa sasurveli informacia migveRo. metic, dainteresdnen, Tu ra mizniTgamoviyenebdiT miRebul informacias. aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom raki erTxelgadavlaxeT “zRvari”, Semdgom aRar gagvWirvebia ssgsd-dan informaciismiReba da Tanamdebobis pirTa interviuireba. rogorc amboben, sxvaorganizaciebsa da Jurnalistebs saamisod gacilebiT meti sirTuleebisgadalaxva uwevT. erTi ram cxadia: qarTuli da saerTaSorisoarasamTavrobo organizaciebis mkacri monitoringi samTavrobo uwyebebzedadebiT gavlenas axdens am ukanasknelTa saqmianobis gamWvirvalobaze.

ssgsd-sa da ssf-s saqmianobis, maTi miRwevebisa da maT winaSe wamoWriliproblemebis arasakmarisi sajarooba, siZneleebi ssgsd-dan informaciismopovebis dros xels uwyobs aRniSnuli struqturebis mimarT sazogadoebis

43 saqarTvelos administraciuli kodeqsi, Tavi 3, 25 ivnisi, 1999 weli44 saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, saxelmwifo uwyebebis finansuri informacia sajaroa daxelmisawvdomi unda iyos nebismieri dainteresebuli mxarisaTvis


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undoblobis gaRvivebas. kvlevis mimdinareobisas gamoTqmuli SeniSvnebinaTlad asaxavs sazogadoebis damokidebulebas aRniSnuli sakiTxebisadmi:“ssgsd-m warmatebas jer veraferSi miaRwia”, “ssf-s rom pirveli nabijigadaedga da eCvenebina, rom gadasaxadebis saxiT miRebuli Tanxebi ki ariflangeba, aramed daniSnulebisamebr ixarjeba, gadamxdelebSi ufro didiiqneboda gadaxdis survili”, “ssgsd-sa da ssf-s problema isaa, rom gzebisumravlesoba mcired Tu gaumjobesda”, “struqtura uaRresad gaumWvirvalea,ar arsebobs informacia ssf-s Semosavlebisa da ssgsd-s xarjebis Sesaxeb,ris gamoc maTi saqmianoba vizualuri dakvirvebiT fasdeba”. saqarTvelosimdroindeli finansTa ministris, zurab noRaidelis azriT, “xarjebi ufrogamWvirvaled unda iyos gawerili. ufro konkretulad unda iTqvas – rarodis gakeTdeba, rom garkveuli periodis mere sazogadoebisaTvis cnobiligaxdes Sedegebi”45 .

satransporto seqtoris kidev erT problemas warmoadgens saavtomobilotransportis departamentis, transportis sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavroboorganizaciebisa da avtosagzao gadamzidveli sawarmoebis CamoSorebasagzao seqtoris politikis Camoyalibebis, gegmebis SemuSavebisa dagadawyvetilebis miRebis procesebidan. rogorc gavarkvieT, saavtomobilotransportis departamentsa da ssgsd-s Soris aranairi samuSao urTierTobaar arsebobs. satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebs miaCniaT, rom amismizezi ssgsd-s xelmZRvanelobis mxridan TanamSromlobis survilis arqonaa.ssgsd-s TanamSromlebi ki amtkiceben, rom ar arsebobs kanoni, romelicmaT satransporto seqtoris TanamSromlebTan konsultaciebis gamarTvasdaavaldebulebda.

satransporto seqtoris ukmayofileba gasagebia: isini zaraldebian gzebissavalalo mdgomareobiT da ekrZalebaT im procesebze zemoqmedeba,romlebic satransporto seqtorze uaryofiT gavlenas axdens. sferoebi,romlebSic satransporto seqtors dadebiTi wvlilis Setana SeuZlia,moicavs: sagzao samuSaoebis dagegmvas, satendero procedurebiszedamxedvelobas da SerCeul menardeTa saqmianobis kontrols.

trasekas derefnisa da saerTaSoriso satransporto sistemaSi saqarTvelosmonawileobis aqtiuri mxardamWeri, satransporto sakiTxebze momuSavearasamTavrobo organizaciebi da avtosatransporto gadamzidvelisawarmoebi saqarTvelos sagzao qselis ganuviTareblobasa da arasakmarismovla-Senaxvas maTi saqmianobisa da saqarTvelos satranzito qveynadCamoyalibebis mniSvnelovan Semaferxebel faqtorad miiCneven da amismizezad saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebul korufcias asaxeleben.isini warmoadgenen dainteresebul jgufs, romelsac ssgsd-sa da sagzaosawarmoTa mkacri monitoringi savsebiT SeuZlia. maTgan ramdenime gzebismSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis sakiTxebze gadawyvetilebis miRebisprocesSi uSualo monawileobas iTxovs, umravlesoba ki _ ssgsd-s miergzebis prioritetuli SesakeTebeli monakveTebis Sesaxeb maTi winadadebebis

45 “sagzao fondi – gzebis aRdgenis saSualeba Tu prezidentis “gaWirvebis talkvesi”, 24 saaTi, 22maisi, 2003 weli


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gaTvaliswinebas da tenderebisa da sagzao samuSaoebis mimdinareobazedakvirvebis uflebas.

satransporto seqtoris monitoringSi monawileobas ssgsd-s yovelmxrivewinaaRmdegeba da sabuTad saamiso sakanonmdeblo safuZvlis uqonlobasiSveliebs. Tumca ssgsd-s saqmianobaze gare kontrolis saWiroebas aRniSnavsuklebliv yvela _ politikosi, saxelmwifo uwyebaTa TanamSromeli,Jurnalisti da dainteresebuli jgufebi. saqarTvelos mTavroba valdebulia,es gaiTvaliswinos.

ssgsd-s yofili Tavmjdomare eqsprezident SevardnaZis axlo megobrad damxardamWerad iTvleboda. masmediiT ssgsd-s mimarT mkacri kritika gaismodamaSindeli opoziciuri partiebis “tribunidan”, romlebic ssgsd-s ssf-ssaxsrebiT prezidentisa da misi reJimis mimarT loialurad ganwyobilipolitikuri partiebis saarCevno kampaniebis dafinansebaSi amxeldnen.mmarTveli politikuri Zalis mimarT ssgsd-s loialuroba xSiradsaxeldeboda ssgsd-sa da ssf-s mimarT antikorufciuli, samarTaldamcavida auditoruli uwyebebis mxridan gamoCenili uyuradRebobis mizezad, magramamis damadasturebeli raime safuZvliani mtkicebuleba verc verasdrosiqna mopovebuli.

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, unda aRiniSnos, rom ssgsd-sa da ssf-s saqmianobagacilebiT mkafio da sajaro unda iyos. amisi erT-erTi mizezi isic gaxlavT,rom daxSuli sistemisa da informaciis naklebobis dros gacilebiT metisafuZvelia eWvisa da pasuxismgebel uwyebaTa saqmianobis uaryofiTadSefasebisaTvis. rac mTavaria, cnobilia, rom sazogadoebis monawileobamTavrobis saqmianobaSi da misi kontroli saukeTeso antikorufciulisaSualebaa, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac samarTaldamcav da samTavroboantikorufciul organoebs ar gaaCniaT sakmarisi resursebi kanonebisgatarebisa da qveynis ekonomikur sferoebSi wesrigis dasamyareblad. metic,sagzao seqtoris problemebis sajaro gaSuqeba sagzao gadasaxadebis zrdisstimulirebas moaxdenda da amiT SesaZlebelia Secvliliyo sagzaogadasaxadebisadmi satransporto seqtorisa da kerZo biznesis damokide-buleba, romlebsac saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadiekisrebaT da romelTa wvlilic ssf-s SemosavlebSi Zalze didia saimisod,rom maTi interesebi ugulebeliyos.


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8.1 ssgsd-s Semosavlebi da sagzao gadasaxadebi

ssgsd-sa da saqarTvelos kontrolis palatis informaciiT, ssgsd-sSemosavlis wyaroebs warmoadgens:

§ ssf-s Semosavlebi, maT Soris sagzao gadasaxadebi da mosakreblebi

§ centraluri biujetis asignebebi

§ prezidentis brZanebulebebisa Tu dadgenilebebis safuZvelze sxvawyaroebidan gadmoricxuli miznobrivi Tanxebi

§ ucxouri kreditebi, investiciebi da grantebi

ssgsd-s Semosavlebi 1996 wlidan 2003 wlis pirvel 5 Tvemde finansuriwyaroebis mixedviT warmodgenilia danarTSi 7.

2003 wels ssf-s Semosavlebi rva wyarodan Seivso, esenia:

§ importirebul benzinze dawesebuli aqcizi

§ gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobi-saTvis

§ avtosatransporto saSualebebis mesakuTreTa gadasaxadi

§ saqarTvelos teritoriaze avtomanqanebis Semosvlis mosakrebeli

§ gadasaxadi tvirTis gadametebisa da avtosatransporto saSualebaTaRerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvis

§ gadasaxadi sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciisaTvis

§ gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSimiwisqveSa komunikaciebis eqspluataciis, sareklamo stendebisa dafirniSebis ganTavsebisTvis

§ gadasaxadi rikoTis sauReltexilo gvirabiT sargeblobisTvis

1995 wels, sagzao fondis Camoyalibebis dRidan, ganuwyvetliv icvlebodasagzao gadasaxadebis raodenoba da maTi ganakveTebi. sagzao gadasaxadebida maTi odenoba “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanoniT, saqarTvelos sagadasaxadokodeqsiTa da sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT aris gansazRvruli. sagzaogadasaxadebis ganakveTebi, mosakreblebi da maTi akrefis meqanizmebimocemulia danarTSi 6.

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centraluri biujetidan asignebaTa odenoba yoveli fiskaluri wlisaTvisgansazRvrulia kanoniT “saxelmwifo biujetis Sesaxeb”. ssgsd-s informaciiT,sagzao seqtorisaTvis centraluri biujetis asignebebi damokidebuli iyossf-s Semosavlebis dagegmil moculobaze da ssf-s Semosavlebis zrdasTanerTad mcirdeboda. saxelmwifo biujetis qronikuli Seusruleblobisfonze, arc ssf-s Seqmnamde da arc amis Semdeg ssgsd-s biujetiT dagegmilidafinanseba srulad arasdros miuRia. ssgsd-s informaciiT, 1998 wlidanmoyolebuli, arastabiluri dafinansebis gamo ssgsd-s wliuri xarjebisdagegmvisas ar xdeboda centraluri biujetidan misaRebi saxsrebisgaTvaliswineba. sabiujeto asignebani gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebisa dasaerTaSoriso safinanso organizaciebis mier dafinansebul proeqtTaTanadafinansebisaTvis gamoiyeneba.

gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebis dafinanseba xorcieldeba saqarTvelos prezi-dentis fondidan da sxva wyaroebidan prezidentis Sesabamisi brZanebulebissafuZvelze. miznobrivi Tanxebi ZiriTadad stiqiiT (mag. zvavi, mewyeri,wyaldidoba) gamowveuli Sedegebis aRmosafxvrelad an ssgsd-s gegmiTgauTvaliswinebeli gadaudebeli sagzao samuSaoebis dasafinansebladgamoiyofa.

ucxourma kreditebma da grantebma saqarTvelos sagzao qselis reabili-taciis saqmeSi mniSvnelovani roli iTamaSa. ssgsd-m ori miznobrivi grantimiiRo evrokavSirisa da iaponiis mTavrobisagan, oric krediti _ msofliobankidan da quveiTis fondidan. garda amisa, ssgsd saqarTvelos satrans-porto seqtoris ganviTarebis mizniT ganxorcielebuli proeqtebisfarglebSi arapirdapir iRebda saerTaSoriso daxmarebas.

sagzao gadasaxadebi ssgsd-s Semosavlis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgens;Sesabamisad, maTi srulad amoReba saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorisa damTlianad qveynisaTvis uaRresad mniSvnelovania. Tu gadavxedavT ssgsd-smTliani Semosavlis dinamikas, davinaxavT, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovan rolsTamaSobs ssf-s sagadasaxado Semosavlebi ssgsd-s saqmianobis dafinan-sebaSi. magram sagzao gadasaxadebis saxiT miRebuli Semosavlebis Sesaxebssgsd-sa da kontrolis palatis mier mowodebuli monacemebi ar iTva-liswinebs inflacias, Sesabamisad, isini wlebis manZilze ssf-s mier miRebulirealuri sagadasaxado Semosavlebis Sedarebis saSualebas ar iZleva.1998-2002 wlebSi inflaciis saSualo done (saqarTvelos statistikissaxelmwifo departamentis monacemebis safuZvelze gakeTebuli gaTvlebiT)7%-s Seadgenda, ssf-s mier Semosavlebis mobilizebis donis gamosavlenadupriani iqneboda ssgsd-s Semosavlebis warmodgena inflaciis donisgaTvaliswinebiT. metic, rogorc aRmoCnda, ar xdeboda ssf-s sagadasaxadobazis SesaZleblobebis gansazRvra, ris gareSec SeuZlebelia gadasaxadisamkrefi erTeulebis efeqturobis Sefaseba. Cveulebriv, gadasaxadebisakrefaSi miRweuli ssf-s warmateba misi Semosavlebis gegmiT fasdeba,magram dagegmvisa da gegmis Sesrulebis pasuxismgeblobis erT uwyebaSi,ssgsd-Si, moqceva niSnavs, rom es meTodi gamousadegaria realurimdgomareobis Sesafaseblad.

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gansakuTrebul SeSfoTebas iwvevs ssgsd-sa da kontrolis palatis finansurmonacemebSi aRmoCenili Secdomebi, uzustobebi. SeZlebisdagvarad vcadeTmaTi dazusteba ssgsd-s, ssf-s warmomadgenlebTan da damoukidebeleqspertebTan, magram verc amis Semdeg vagebT pasuxs winamdebare angariSSiwarmodgenil monacemTa sisworeze.

1997 wels ssf-s Semosavlebis gegma 20 milion lars Seadgenda46 , realuradki dagegmilze 6.7 milioni lariT (anu 34%-iT) meti iqna mobilizebuli.ssf-s Semosavlebis aseTi mniSvnelovani zrdis ZiriTadi mizezi iyo is, romsaerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis dawesebuligadasaxadebis akrefa wina welTan SedarebiT TiTqmis orjer gaizarda (ix.danarTi 7). wina wlis miRwevebis safuZvelze 1998 wels ssf-s Semosavlebisgegma 25 milion laramde gaizarda, Tumca am wels ssf-s Semosavlebma 39.4milion lars miaRwia. aRniSnuli mkveTri matebis mTavari mizezi gaxldaTparlamentis gadawyvetileba, importirebul benzinze aqcizis saxiT Semosulisaxsrebis nawili saqarTvelos sagzao fondSi gadaricxuliyo. amas daemataSedarebiT didi transferebi centraluri biujetidan, saerTaSorisodaxmarebis Tanxebi da 1998 wels ssgsd-s Semosavlebma yvelaze maRaldones _ 46.890 milion lars miaRwia.

1999 wels ssf-s dagegmili Semosavlebis odenoba 35.1 milion lars Seadgenda,realurma Semosavalma ki 42.463 milion lars miaRwia. amis miuxedavad,ssgsd-s mTliani Semosavlebi wina welTan SedarebiT Semcirda, racnawilobriv saxelmwifo biujetidan transferebis naklebobiTa dasaerTaSoriso daxmarebis SemcirebiT aixsneba. 2000 wels ssf-s SemosavlebmamkveTrad iklo, rac 2000 wlis 13 ivliss “saqarTvelos sabiujeto sistemisada sabiujeto uflebamosilebis Sesaxeb” kanonsa da saqarTvelos sagadasaxadokodeqsSi Setanilma cvlilebebma gamoiwvia. 2000 wlis ivlisidan moyolebuli,importirebuli benzinis aqciziT Semosuli saxsrebi mTlianad centralurbiujetSi iricxeboda, ramac ssf-s Semosavlebi wina welTan SedarebiT TiTqmis9.3 milioni lariT Seamcira. amasTanave, avtosatransporto saSualebaTasakuTrebis gadasaxadis ganakveTis Semcirebis gamo, ssf-m dagegmilze daaxloebiT1.3 milioni lariT naklebi Semosavlebi miiRo. Sedegad, 2000 wels ssgsd-sSemosavlebma mxolod 32.3 milioni lari Seadgina.

2001 wels, mas Semdeg, rac benzinze saaqcizo gadasaxadis nawili kvlavssf-s daubrunda, mdgomareoba gamosworda da sawarmoTagan saerTo sargeb-lobis saavtomobilo gzebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadis akrefacmniSvnelovnad gaizarda. miuxedavad imisa, rom avtosatransporto saSua-lebaTa sakuTrebis gadasaxadis axalma ganakveTebma Semosavlebi wina wel-Tan SedarebiT orjer, xolo 1999 welTan SedarebiT 2.5-jer Seamcira, aRniS-nulis kompensireba moxda centraluri biujetidan gazrdili transferebiT,sawvav-sapox masalaTa realizaciis gadasaxadisa da rikoTis gvirabiTsargeblobis mosakreblis saxiT mobilizebuli Semosavlebis zrdiT. amasdaemata saerTaSoriso daxmarebis saxiT miRebuli 25.9 milioni lari.Sedegad, ssgsd-s mTlianma Semosavalma 2001 wels 66.2 milioni lari Seadgina.46 monacemebi dagegmili Semosavlebis moculobis Sesaxeb, miRebul iqna kontrolis palatis SemowmebisangariSebidan

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2002 wels saSemosavlo muxlebis umetes nawilSi kvlav zrda SeimCneoda,Tu ar CavTvliT avtosatransporto saSualebaTa sakuTrebis gadasaxads,sawvav-sapox masalebze gadasaxadebs da saxelmwifo biujetidan miRebultransferebs. ssgsd-s mTlianma Semosavlebma 43.9 milioni lari Seadgina.2002 wels ssgsd-s Semosavlebis mniSvnelovan danamats saerTaSorisodaxmarebis saxiT miRebuli 44.8 milioni lari Seadgenda, ris SedegadacmTliani saxsrebis odenobam 88.7 milion lars miaRwia. 2000 wlidan ssgsd-s Semosavlebis gaumjobeseba sakmarisi ar gaxlavT, rom ssf-s momavaliSemosavlebis mimarT optimisturad ganvewyoT. miuxedavad imisa, rom ramdenimeaspeqtSi progresi TvalsaCinoa, mravali problema kvlav gadauWreli rCebada xSirad mTeli seqtorisTvis saSiS formebs iRebs.

ssf-s umniSvnelovanes miRwevas udavod saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilogzebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadis akrefis maRali maCvenebeli war-moadgens. 1995 wels “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanonis safuZvelze SemoRebulmaam gadasaxadma saqarTvelos kerZo seqtoris didi ukmayofileba gamoiwvia.Tumca, rogorc gviTxres, amJamad qarTul sawarmoTa udidesi nawili ixdisaRniSnul gadasaxads. ssgsd-s informaciiT, gadasaxadis amoReba mas Semdeggaizarda, rac sawarmoebs ganemartaT, rom igi produqciis warmoebisdanaxarjSi Sedioda, rac gadamxdelTa sagadasaxado tvirTs mniSvnelovnadamcirebs. miuxedavad amisa, gasul wlebSi dagrovili sagadasaxadodavalianeba kvlav rCeba, rac arTulebs ssf-s sagadasaxado samsaxurebismuSaobas, radgan sagadasaxado davalianebebi Cveulebisamebr ssf-s momdevnofiskaluri wlis Semosavlebis gegmaSi aisaxeba. kontrolis palatisinformaciiT, 2002 wlis ivlisis mdgomareobiT, 80-ze meti sawarmossagadasaxado davalianeba ssf-sadmi 14.8 milion lars Seadgenda. calkeulsawarmoTa sagadasaxado davalianebebis odenoba 10 aTasidan 5.6 milionlaramde meryeobs. davalianebebis ZiriTadi nawili 2000-2001 wlebSidagrovda. ssgsd-s informaciiT, gasul wlebSi arsebuli 15 milion larzemeti odenobis davalianebis restruqturizacia ganxorcielda prezidentisbrZanebulebebisa da finansTa saministrosTan miRweuli SeTanxmebebissafuZvelze, magram aseTi davalianebebis umetesi nawili mainc ar iqnagadaxdili.

miuxedavad imisa, rom ssf gadasaxadebis amkref uwyebas warmoadgens, masurC gadamxdelTa sabanko angariSebis dayadaRebis garda sxva ufleba argaaCnia. es praqtika ki gansakuTrebiT efeqturi ar aRmoCnda. erT-erTimizezi gaxlavT is, rom qarTuli sawarmoebis umravlesoba sabankooperaciebs kvlavac naRdi fuliT awarmoebs. sxva mizezi, romelsacxazgasmiT aRniSnavs ssgsd, aris is, rom 2000 wlamde kerZo sawarmoebsmxolod erTi sabanko angariSi SeeZloT hqonodaT da igi sagadasaxadosamsaxurebisTvis unda ecnobebinaT, amJamad ki ufleba aqvT, nebismier bankSiramdenime angariSi iqonion. Sedegad, rodesac sagadasaxado samsaxuri misTviscnobili sabanko angariSis dayadaRebas apirebs, sawarmo axal angariSsxsnis da igi sagadasaxado samsaxurebsa Tu ssf-Si ar fiqsirdeba.

ssgsd-sa da ssf-s miaCniaT, rom saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebissargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadebis akrefaSi kidev erTi problema kompaniebis

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warmoebis moculobis Sesaxeb zusti informaciis naklebobaa. wlis sa-gadasaxado Semosavlebis moculobis gegmis SemuSavebisas ssf sagadasaxadoda statistikis departamentebidan miRebul monacemebs iyenebs. xolo esukanaskneli ki, rogorc ssgsd-sa da kontrolis palatis mier warmodgenilimasalebiT Cans, aRniSnul monacemebs ssgsd-s ar awvdis, riTac arRvevsprezidentis 1998 wlis #17 brZanebulebas. rac Seexeba sagadasaxadodepartamentis mier mowodebul monacemebs, maTi sandooba saeWvoa aRniSnulstruqturaSi arsebuli korufciis maRali donis, Sesabamisad, kerZosawarmoTa warmoebis moculobis xelovnuri Semcirebis gamo, rac gavlenasaxdens ssf-s Semosavlebze.

ssgsd-s gaTvlebiT, saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis sargeblobi-saTvis gadasaxadiT miRebuli savaraudo Semosavali daaxloebiT 25 milionlars Seadgens. Sesabamisad, gadasaxadebis akrefis, samarTaldamcavimeqanizmebis gaumjobesebisa da pasuxismgebel saxelmwifo uwyebebs SorisSeTanxmebuli muSaobis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZlebelia saqarTvelos sagzaoseqtorSi yovelwliurad damatebiT sul mcire 10 milioni larismobilizeba, rac ssgsd-s Semosavlebis 20%-ze metiT zrdas niSnavs.

igive mdgomareobaa sawvav-sapoxi masalebis gayidvisTvis dawesebuli gada-saxadis akrefis sferoSic. am gziT miRebuli Semosavlebis moculoba 1995wlidan moyolebuli, izrdeboda da 2002 wels 1.5 milioni lari Seadgina.ssgsd-s gaTvlebiT, am gadasaxadiT sul cota 2 milioni laris mobilizebaunda xdebodes. aRniSnuli gadasaxadiT miRebuli Semosavlebis SesaZlomoculoba gaurkvevelia im mizeziT, rom sawvavis warmoebisa da realizaciisudidesi nawili Crdilovan ekonomikur saqmianobas warmoadgens. kontrolispalatis informaciiT, saqarTveloSi moqmed sawarmoTagan, romlebic sawvav-sapoxi masalebis warmoebiT an gayidviT arian dakavebulni, umravlesobaTavs aridebs gadasaxadebis gadaxdas an ararealurad mcire mogebas aCvenebs.sxvadasxva gaTvlebiT, aRniSnuli sferos sagadasaxado davalianeba 2002wlis monacemebiT daaxloebiT 1.3 milion lars Seadgenda da 44 sawarmossf-s dasabegri Tanxis odenobas srulad ar uCvenebda. problema is aris,rom ssf-s am mxriv makontrolebeli funqciebi ar gaaCnia da mTlianadsagadasaxado samsaxurebis mier mowodebul monacemebzea damokidebuli.saqarTvelos prezidentis 2001 wlis noembris #483 brZanebulebis Tanaxmad,kerZo sawarmoebis Semowmebisas sagadasaxado inspeqciis TanamSromlebmamaT mier sagzao gadasaxadebis gadaxdac unda gaakontrolon da yoveliSemowmebis Semdeg ssf-s moaxsenon im organizaciebis finansuri mdgoma-reobis Sesaxeb, romlebic Tavs arideben sagzao gadasaxadebs. kontrolispalatis informaciiT, sagadasaxado inspeqtorebis mier aRniSnulivaldebulebebis Sesruleba aradamakmayofilebelia. metic, xSirad sawarmoTamier deklarirebuli mogeba xelovnurad aris Semcirebuli da ssf uZluria,miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi, raki deklarirebuli mogeba sagadasaxadoinspeqtorebis mier aris oficialurad damtkicebuli. sxva mniSvnelovanfaqtors, romelic arTulebs sawarmoTa mogebis gansazRvras, sawvav-sapoximasalebis bazarze didi raodenobiT kontrabanduli an ukanonodwarmoebuli sawvavis arseboba warmoadgens.

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ssf-s SemosavlebisTvis udides problemas saqarTveloSi sawvaviskontrabanda warmoadgens – 2002 wels importirebul benzinze saaqcizogadasaxadiT miRebuli saxsrebis wilma ssf-s Semosavlebis 30%-ze metiSeadgina. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 1998 wlidan moyolebuli, ssf-sSemosavlebSi importirebul benzinze aqciziT miRebuli Semosavlebisodenoba mudmivad icvleboda. ssgsd-s informaciiT, 1998 wels, rodesac esgadasaxadi SemoiRes, saqarTvelos parlamentma mxari dauWira SemosavlebismTlianad ssf-saTvis gadaricxvas. magram, centraluri biujetis saSemosavlogegmis Sesrulebis dros wamoWrili problemebis gamo, parlamentma miiRodroebiTi debuleba, romlis Tanaxmad ssf-s wili aRniSnul sagadasaxadoSemosavlebSi 50%-mde Semcirda. aRniSnuli debuleba ZalaSi iyo 1999 wlisivnisamde, rodesac miiRes gadawyvetileba Semosavlebis 100%-is centralurbiujetSi Caricxvis Sesaxeb. amis Semdeg 2000 wels ssf-s SemosavlebisagrZnoblad Semcirda. ssgsd-s resursebis mwvave deficitis gamo 2000wels ssf-s wili 30%-mde aRdga da es mdgomareoba dRemde ucvlelia.

imis gamo, rom importirebul benzinze saaqcizo gadasaxadi sabaJodepartamentis mier ikrifeba, ssf aRniSnuli gadasaxadiT miRebulSemosavlebs ver akontrolebs. Ssf gadmoricxuli Tanxebis sizusteserTaderTi saSualebiT adgenda: iTvlida importirebuli benzinisdeklarirebuli odenobidan miRebuli sagadasaxado Semosavlebis 30%-s.problema is aris, rom didi raodenobiT kontrabandis gamo, importirebulibenzinis Sesaxeb statistikuri monacemebi uaRresad arazustia. oficialuristatistikuri monacemebiT, importirebuli benzinis moculoba meryeobdada 1998 wels 441 aTas tonas, 1999 wels _ 331, 2000 wels _ 117, 2001 wels _ 261aTas, xolo 2002 wels 270 aTas tonas Seadgenda. amave dros, eqspertTaSefasebiT, saqarTveloSi benzinis moxmareba wliurad 450-dan 600 aTastonamdea47 . navTobis adgilobrivi warmoeba yovelwliurad daaxloebiT74 aTas tonas Seadgens da ramdenime saxis navTobproduqti (mag., benzini,navTi) iwarmoeba. deklarirebuli importisa da moxmarebis monacemebsSoris arsebuli sxvaoba saqarTveloSi kontrabanduli benzinis wiladmodis. kontrabanduli benzini qveyanaSi didi raodenobiT ori garemoebisgamo aRwevs, esaa: korufcia sabaJo departamentsa da saxelisuflebo wreebSi.xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi Tavad monawileoben sawvavis biznesSi.eqspertebis gaTvlebiT, kontrabandis aRkveTis SemTxvevaSi importirebulsawvavze arsebuli saaqcizo gadasaxadiT SesaZlebelia 140-202 milioniaSS dolaris mobilizeba48 . Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom 2002 wels aRniSnuliwyarodan sagadasaxado Semosavalma 46 milioni aSS dolari Seadgina,naTelia: kontrabandis sawinaaRmdego efeqturi qmedebebis Sedegad ssf-sSemosavlebma sagrZnoblad unda moimatos.

amasTanave, sabaJo departamentis upasuxismgeblo moqmedeba xSirad aferxebsssgsd-sa da ssf-s warmatebul muSaobas. ase magaliTad, sabaJo departamenti,importirebuli benzinis saaqcizo gadasaxads, maT Soris ssf-s wilsac,

47 konferenciis rekomendaciebi navTobproduqtebis seqtoridan Semosavlebis mobilizebis Sesaxeb;USAID, amerikis savaWro palata, saqarTvelos finansTa saministro, 2003 wlis maisi48 konferenciis rekomendaciebi navTobproduqtebis seqtoridan Semosavlebis mobilizebis Sesaxeb;USAID, amerikis savaWro palata, saqarTvelos finansTa saministro, 2003 wlis maisi

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centralur biujetSi ricxavs da ssgsd-s uxdeba ssf-s wilis ukan gamoTxova(zogjer sasamarTlos meSveobiTac). kontrolis palatis monacemebiT, ssf-smagivrad centralur biujetSi gadairicxa:

§ 2002 wlis ivnisSi – 1 448 118 lari

§ 2003 wlis ianvarSi – 2 652 636 lari

§ 2003 wlis aprilSi – 3 262 067 lari

ssgsd-s azriT, sabaJo departaments finansTa saministros mier SemuSavebulisagadasaxado gegma aqvs Sesasrulebeli da rodesac amas ver axerxebs,sxvaobas ssf-s kuTvnili sagadasaxado SemosavlebiT faravs.

sxva sagzao gadasaxadi, romlis akrefac sabaJo departaments avalia,saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa da tranzitisTvis dawesebulimosakreblebi gaxlavT. ssf-saTvis Caricxuli aRniSnuli gadasaxadebimudmivad dagegmilze naklebia. magaliTad, 2002 wels realurma Semosavlebma7.8 milioni lari Seadgina, nacvlad dagegmili 12 milionisa. ssgsd-s miaCnia,rom es sabaJos korumpirebuli TanamSromlebis gamo xdeba, rasacadastureben satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebic. saqarTvelosteritoriaze moZrav avtosatransporto saSualebaTa raodenoba, rogorcwesi, Semcirebulia, xolo maT Sesaxeb monacemebi da tvirTis wona oficialurangariSebSi mudmivad gayalbebulia, rac uaryofiTad aisaxeba ssf-sSemosavlebze. sabaJo departaments aRniSnuli gadasaxadebis akrefis ufleba1998 wels gadaeca. ssf ver axerxebs sabaJo departamentis mier saqarTvelossazRvrebis gadamkveTi avtosatransporto saSualebebis registrirebuliraodenobis gadamowmebas, Sesabamisad, ver akontrolebs verc am gadasaxadiTSemosul Tanxas.

Tumca, 1999 wlidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa dasatranzito mosakreblebis saxiT miRebuli Semosavlebis stabiluri klebasaqarTveloSi gadazidvebis SemcirebiTac aixsneba. rogorc Cven mierCatarebuli gzebis momxmarebelTa gamokiTxviT Cans, garTulebuli sabaJoprocedurebi, maRali tarifebi da sabaJos TanamSromelTa mier moTxovniliqrTamebi warmoadgens im mizezebs, ris gamoc satranzito tvirTebiT moZraviavtosatransporto saSualebaTa mflobelebi SeZlebisdagvarad eridebiansaqarTvelos teritoriaze moZraobas.

imis gamo, rom satranzito da importirebuli tvirTebis didi nawilisaqarTvelo-TurqeTis sazRvriT Semodis, aWaris sabaJos TanamSromelTasaqmianobaze didadaa damokidebuli Semosvlisa da satranzito mosakreb-lebis akrefa. kontrolis palatam mniSvnelovani darRvevebi gamoavlinasagadasaxado Semosavlebis gadaricxvebSi, rac kanonmdeblobis absoluturugulebelyofaSi gamoixateba 49 . cxrilSi mocemulia sarfis sabaJos

49 ssgsd-sa da “aWaravtogzas” (aWaris sagzao xelmZRvaneloba) Soris arsebuli urTierTobebiZalian gavs aWarisa da saqarTvelos centraluri xelisuflebis urTierTobebs. aWaris xelisuflebispolitikis msgavsad, “aWaravtogza” angariSs abarebs ssf-s aWaraSi akrefili gadasaxadebis Sesaxeb,Tumca Semosavlebs ssf-Si ar ricxavs.

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TanamSromlebis mier saqarTvelos sazRvao bankSi Caricxuli da amangariSidan gadmoricxuli Tanxebis odenoba:

gadaricxuli Tanxebi (larebiT)

weli

angariSze gadaricxuli

Tanxa (larebiT)

saxelmwifo sagzao fondi

”aWaravto- gza”

gaurkveveli

daniSnu- lebiT

sabanko momsaxurebis Tanxa

(larebiT)

angariSze darCenili

Tanxa (larebiT)

1998 1,565,800 --- 629,700 --- 3,800 930,300

1999 4,605,800 735,700 2,424,700 2,318,600 14,600 44,500

2000 5,222,600 --- 2,625,700 2,625,700 15,700 ---

2001, 2002 wlis

pirveli naxevari

6,566,100 --- 3,275,200 3,275,200 15,700 ---

wyaro: kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sabaJo departamentis Semowmebis angariSi”,2002 weli

rogorc cxrilSia naCvenebi, sarfis sabaJoze akrefili Semosavlebi 17960200lars Seadgens, ssf-m 735700 lari miiRo, “aWaravtogzam” - 8955200 lari,xolo 8219500 lari ukvalod gaqra da am faqtis gamoZieba ar momxdara.aRniSnuli monacemebi ssgsd-m warudgina kontrolis palatas, am ukanasknelmaaWaris xelisuflebisagan saWiro nebarTvis miuReblobis gamo ver SeZloSemowmebis adgilze Catareba. ssgsd-m TxovniT mimarTa aWaris uzenaessabWos, ministrTa kabinetsa da sxva samTavrobo uwyebebs, CaetarebinaTaRniSnuli faqtis gamoZieba, Tumca yvela es Txovna upasuxod darCa.

rogorc mocemulia danarTSi 7, “saqarTvelos sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”kanonis safuZvelze 1995 wels SemoRebuli tvirTis wonis gadametebisa daavtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisgadasaxadebi 2003 wlamde ar ikrifeboda. tvirTis wonis gadametebazegadasaxadis akrefa sabaJo departamentis valdebulebaa, xolo ssfavtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiul datvirTvaze gada-saxadebis akrefas axorcielebs. ssgsd-sa da sxva warmomadgenelTainformaciiT, tvirTis gadametebaze gadasaxadis aukrefloba sabaJosTanamSromelTa korumpirebulobiTa da tvirTis asawoni danadgarisuqonlobiT aixsneba. standartul praqtikas warmoadgens tvirTiszeddebulSi tvirTis wonis Sedareba avtosatransporto saSualebistvirTamweobasTan, romlis safuZvelzec zustdeba wonis gadameteba, magrames meTodi araefeqturia ori mizezis gamo:

§ xSirad xdeba zeddebulebis gayalbeba da tvirTis realuri wonisSemcireba;

§ raki sabaJos TanamSromlebi uflebamosilni arian, zeddebulissisworis Sesamowmeblad moaxdinon avtosatransporto saSualebis

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CamotvirTva da misi awonva (rasac isini xSirad mimarTaven), mZRolsda tvirTis mepatrones, miuxedavad imisa, aris Tu ara damnaSave, urCevnia,am ZviradRirebuli (gacdenili droisa da gaCerebis xarjebi) daxangrZlivi proceduris Tavidan asacileblad sabaJos TanamSromlebsqrTami gadauxados.

2002 wlamde avtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiulidatvirTvis gadasaxadis aukrefloba saWiro danadgarebis uqonlobiTaixsneboda. kontrolis palatis masalebis mixedviT, am danadgarebis Sesyidvadidi xnis manZilze ver moxerxda, radgan sabaJo departamenti da ssgsdver SeTanxmdnen, sad unda damontaJebuliyo isini _ sabaJos zonaSi Tu misgareT. sabolood, 2001 wels saqarTvelos sagadasaxado Semosavlebissaministros TanxmobiT gadawyda sasworebis sabaJo zonebSi damontaJeba.2002 wlis ivnisSi avtosatransporto saSualebaTa asawoni 5 danadgariSeisyides da saqarTveloSi Camoitanes. maTi saerTo Rirebuleba 535 aTaslars Seadgenda, magram isini dRemde ver damontaJda. ssgsd-s informaciiT,amis mizezi sabaJo departamentis winaaRmdegobaa, romelsac ar surs, sabaJozonaSi ssf-s gadasaxadebis amkrefTa yofna dauSvas.

Sedegad, ssf Semosavlis mniSvnelovan nawils kargavs, radgan, rogorcsatransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebi iuwyebian, satranzito satvirTomanqanebis umravlesoba gadatvirTulia. rac mTavaria, tvirTis gadametebulwonaze gadasaxadebis mizania, tvirTis gadamzidvelebs manqanebisgadatvirTvis survili mouspos, radgan gadatvirTuli avtosatransportosaSualebebi gzebs azianebs. am meqanizmebis ganuxorcielebloba negatiurzegavlenas axdens saqarTveloSi gzebis mdgomareobaze.

avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadiT miRebuli ssf-sSemosavlebi 1996 wlidan moyolebuli, iklebda da yvelaze dabalimaCvenebeli 2001-2002 wlebSi aRiniSna. paradoqsia, rom sagadasaxadoSemosavlebis done ecema, avtosatransporto saSualebaTa ricxvi ki wlebismanZilze matulobs. amas orgvari axsna aqvs: 2000 wels saqarTvelossagadasaxado kodeqsSi Setanili cvlilebebiT gadasaxadis ganakveTi TiTqmisoTxjer Semcirda, Zravis simZlavreze dawesebuli tarifebis nacvlad,avtosatransporto saSualebis gabaritebisa da tvirTamweobis mixedviTfiqsirebuli sagadasaxado ganakveTi dawesda. meore mizezi is gaxlavT,rom avtosatransporto saSualebis mflobelebi Tavs arideben aRniSnuligadasaxadis gadaxdas. kontrolis palatis monacemebiT Tbilissa da aWaraSiarsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, 2001 wels aRniSnuli gadasaxadi TbilisSiavtosatransporto saSualebaTa mflobelebis mxolod 87%-ma, xolo aWaraSi28%-ma gadaixada.

am gadasaxadis akrefa avtosatransporto saSualebis registraciis, xela-xali registraciisa da yovelwliuri teqnikuri daTvalierebis drosxorcieldeba. avtosatransporto saSualebis mflobelebma ssf-s angariSzeunda gadaixadon Tanxa da avtosatransporto saSualebis registraciis anteqnikuri daTvalierebisas warmoadginon sabanko qviTari. sagzao policiamsaangariSo periodis bolos (kalendaruli Tve) unda warmoadginos angariSi,

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romelSic aRniSnuli iqneba registrirebuli an Semowmebuli avtosatrans-porto saSualebis raodenoba, raTa ssf-m SeZlos sagzao policiismonacemebis mis angariSze akumulirebuli Tanxis odenobasTan Sedareba.

gadasaxadebisTvis Tavis aridebis ZiriTad mizezad sagzao policiaSiarsebuli korufcia saxeldeba. saqarTvelos antikorufciuli biurosmasalebiT, saqarTveloSi 2002 wels importirebuli avtosatransportosaSualebebis naxevari kanondarRveviT (ganbaJebisa da Sesabamisi gada-saxadebis gareSe) daregistrirda. importirebuli avtosatransportosaSualebebis kanondarRveviT registraciis gamovlenili faqtebi iZlevaeWvis safuZvels, rom sagzao policia zedapirulad amowmebs avtosa-transporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxads (msubuqi avtomobilebismesakuTreTa mier gadasaxadebisTvis Tavis arideba metad saeWvoa, radganam saxis avtosatransporto gadasaxadis ganakveTi sakmaod dabalia, magramsatvirTo manqanebisa da avtobusebis mesakuTreTaTvis misi gadaxdaSesaZloa sakmaod did problemas warmoadgendes). metic, ssgsd-s infor-maciiT, registrirebul avtosatransporto saSualebaTagan regularuladmxolod naxevari gadis teqnikur daTvalierebas. raionebSi sagzao policianaklebad aqcevs yuradRebas teqdaTvalierebis firniSis arqonas da jarima(Cveulebriv, qrTami) gacilebiT mcirea. satvirTo manqanebis mflobelebs,romlebsac es manqanebi sabWoTa droidan (privatizebis Sedegad) ergoT,urCevniaT, rom 50-100 laris odenobis gadasaxadisa da teqdaTvalierebisRirebulebis gadaxdis magivrad, sagzao policiels 5 lari qrTamad miscen.ssgsd-s gaTvlebiT, avtosatransporto saSualebis sakuTrebis sagadasaxadobaza saSualebas iZleva, mobilizebuli Semosavlebi sul cota orjergaizardos.

ssf-s gadasaxadebidan yvelaze araefeqturi, saerTo sargeblobis saavto-mobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi miwisqveSa komunikaciebis eqspluataciis,sareklamo stendebisa da firniSebis ganTavsebis gadasaxadia. ssgsd-smonacemebiT, aRniSnuli gadasaxadiT Semosuli saxsrebi imdenad mcirea(2001 wels am Tanxam 6 aTasi lari Seadgina, nacvlad dagegmili 100 aTasisa),rom gadasaxadis akrefis xarjebsac ver faravs. ssgsd-s miaCnia, rom esgadasaxadi unda gauqmdes an misi akrefis ufleba adgilobrivi TviTm-marTvelobis organoebs unda gadaeces.

rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobis mosakrebeli (es saqarTveloSi erTaderTifasiani gzaa) makontrolebeli organoebisa da masmediis TvalTaxedvisareSi misi SemoRebis dRidan moeqca. miRebuli Semosavlebi Tavad gvirabismovla-SekeTebisaTvis aris gankuTvnili. gvirabi rikoTis uReltexilzefoTi-wiTeli xidis ZiriTad magistralze mdebareobs. miuxedavad imisa,rom arsebobs SemovliTi ufaso gza, gvirabs mainc intensiurad iyeneben,gansakuTrebiT ki mZime satvirTo manqanebis mflobelebi. gvirabis gavliTmoZravi avtomanqanebis raodenobis Sesaxeb zusti monacemebi ar arsebobs,magram kontrolis palatis monacemebis safuZvelze SegviZlia vivaraudoT,rom gvirabiT dReSi saSualod 2000-ze meti avtomanqana sargeblobs50 .

50 kontrolis palata, “ saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis SemowmebisangariSi”, 2001 weli

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Catarda araerTi Jurnalisturi gamoZieba, raTa gamovleniliyo SesaZlosxvaoba gvirabiT sargeblobis registrirebul da realurad akrefilTanxebs Soris. 1999 wels kontrolis palatam rikoTis gvirabis gamSvebipunqtis Semowmeba wamoiwyo. 1999 wels Catarebuli reviziis Sedegad aRmoCnda,rom registrirebul Tanxasada realurad akrefil odenobas Soris sxvaoba308 lars Seadgenda (1764 laris nacvlad salaroSi 1456 lari aRmoCnda)51 .aRniSnuli sxvaobis mizezad zogierTi mZRolis mier mosakreblis gadaxdazeuari dasaxelda. 1999 wlis 22 dekembers dilis 9 saaTidan 15 saaTamdeCatarebuli faruli Semowmebis Sedegad gamovlenilma gansxvavebam 235lari Seadgina52 . gamSvebi punqtis TanamSromlebma isev igive axsnawarmoadgines, rac kontrolis palatis inspeqtorebis mier damakmayo-fileblad CaiTvala. 2000 da 2001 wlebSi Catarebuli Semowmebebis Sedegadaranairi darRveva ar gamovlenila. cnobili teleprograma “60 wuTis”mier 2001 wels Catarebuli Jurnalisturi gamoZiebis mixedviT, rikoTisgvirabiT sargeblobisaTvis dawesebulma Semosavlebma yovelwliurad sulcota, 6 milioni lari unda Seadginos, Sesabamisad, mxolod 2001 wels 5.4milioni laris miTvisebas hqonda adgili. gazeT “alias” mier CatarebuliJurnalisturi gamoZiebis mixedviT, yovelwliurad sul cota, 180 aTasilari salaros gverdis avliT gadis53 .

gamSvebi punqtebis TanamSromelTa keTilsindisierebaSi daeWvebis safuZvelsiZleva is faqtic, rom miuxedavad 2002 wels punqtze specialuri danadgarisganTavsebisa, Jetonebs avtomatSi mZRolebis nacvlad Tavad gamSvebi punqtisTanamSromlebi aTavseben. rogorc araerTma Jurnalistma aRniSna, amgvari“sistema“ saSualebas iZleva, yvela Jetoni ar moxvdes avtomatSi, nawiliukanve salaroSi dabrundes da xelaxla gaiyidos. Tu gamSvebi punqtisTanamSromelTa raodenobas (gvirabis TiToeul gasasvlelSi 2 cvlaSimomuSave 28 TanamSromelia) da maT saSualo yovelTviur xelfass (36lari, anu 18 aSS dolari) gaviTvaliswinebT, Jurnalistebis mier daxatulisuraTi sarwmuno xdeba.

wliuri Semosavlebis gamoTvlisas, Tu aviRebT dReSi saSualod 2000avtomanqanas da gvirabiT sargeblobis minimalur ganakveTs (1 lari),wliurad miviRebT 730 aTas lars, rac rikoTis gvirabidan miRebuliSemosavlis registrirebul maqsimalur odenobaze 80.8 aTasi lariT metia.msoflio bankis konsultantebis gaTvlebiT, rikoTis gvirabis movla-Senaxviswliuri xarji daaxloebiT 1 milion lars Seadgens54 . gvirabis arsebulimdgomareoba, gzis zedapiris, ganaTebisa da ventilaciis CaTvliT, Zalzearadamakmayofilebelia (rasac ssgsd-s xelmZRvanelobac aRiarebs, Tumcaamis mizezad mcire dafinansebas asaxelebs). zemoaRniSnulidan naTlad

51 kontrolis palata, “ saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis SemowmebisangariSi”, 1999 weli52 kontrolis palata, “ saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis SemowmebisangariSi”, 1999 weli53 “ra odenobiT da rogor xdeba rikoTis gvirabis Semosavlebis miTviseba”, “alia” #75, 1-2 ivlisi,2003 weli54 danarTi 4: saqarTveloSi gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis dafinanseba – saxelmwifosagzao fondi da masTan dakavSirebuli kanonebi; saboloo angariSi, transportis reabilitaciisproeqti, aprili, 1998 weli

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Cans, rom rikoTis sauReltexilo gvirabiT miRebuli Semosavlebi gvirabismovla-Senaxvas srulad rom xmardebodes, igi gacilebiT ukeTes mdgoma-reobaSi iqneboda.

miuxedavad imisa, rom Semosavlebis simciris mizezad ssgsd-sa da ssf-sTanamSromlebi sagadasaxado bazis simcires asaxeleben, zemoaRniSnulifaqtebi cxadyofs, rom es ase ar aris. qveyanaSi sagzao gadasaxadebisrulad rom ikrifebodes, ssf-s Semosavlebi yvelaze pesimisturiprognoziTac 50 milioni lariT gaizrdeboda, rac ssf-s amJamindelimTliani Semosavlis daaxloebiT 116%-iT zrdas niSnavs.

xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom miuxedavad sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebuliazrisa, gadasaxadebis arasruli akrefa mxolod ssf-s xarvezi ar aris,ssf-s Semosavlebis simcireSi sxva saxelmwifo uwyebebsac miuZRvis brali.mTlianobaSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris cudimdgomareobis erT-erT mTavar mizezs im saxelmwifo uwyebebSi arsebulikorufcia warmoadgens, romelTac am sferosTan erTi SexedviT arc araferiakavSirebT.

8.2 ssgsd-s danaxarjebi

ssgsd-s danaxarjs ZiriTadad saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavto-mobilo gzebis mSenebloba, perioduli SekeTeba da movla-Senaxvawarmoadgens. aRniSnuli xarjebi ssgsd-s mTliani wliuri xarjis 60%-95%Seadgens.

2001 wlamde sagzao qselis movla-Senaxvis da ssgsd-sa da misi sauwyeboorganizaciebis Senaxva ssgsd-s danaxarjebis gegmis erTaderTi mudmivimuxli gaxldaT. 2001 wlidan gaCnda saerTaSoriso kreditebTandakavSirebuli sxva mniSvnelovani xarjebi, maT Soris samuSaoebisTanadafinanseba da miRebuli sesxebis saprocento gadasaxadisa da ZiriTadiTanxis dafarvis xarjebi. garda imisa, rom aRniSnuli xarjebi ssgsd-sa dassf-saTvis damatebiT “tvirTs” warmoadgens, aRniSnuli xarjebi ssgsd-sada saqarTvelos finansTa saministros Soris gacxarebuli debatebis saganigaxda, romlis Sinaarsi mokled ase SeiZleba gadmoices: “Tu kreditebimxolod saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorisaTvis gamoiyeneba, vis unda daekisrosmaTi gadaxda _ finansTa saministros Tu ssgsd-s?”

metic, miuxedavad imisa, rom 1997 wels amgvari politika saqarTvelosprezidentma gansazRvra, ssgsd-s mier wina wlebis davalianebis gadaxdamimdinare wlis biujetidan mxolod 2001 wels daiwyo, ramac damatebiTixarji warmoSva. garda amisa, 2001 wels ssgsd-s xarjviT gegmaSi Sevidarezervebi gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebisaTvis. momdevno wlebSi ki sagangeboSemTxvevebisaTvis gamiznuli gadmoricxvebi centraluri biujetidan,prezidentis fondidan da sxva wyaroebidan gacilebiT naklebi iyo.amasTanave, ssgsd-s Senobebis movla-Senaxvisa da sakadro xarjebi 1996

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wlis 1.17 milioni laridan 2002 wlisaTvis 1.8 milion laramde, e.i. 64%-iTgaizarda. ssgsd-s ZiriTadi xarjviTi muxlebis zrdam ssgsd-s danaxarjebismTlian gegmaSi sagzao samuSaoebis wili 1996-2000 wlebis 90%-dan 2001-2003wlebis 60%-mde Seamcira. 1996 wlidan 2003 wlis pirvel 5 Tvemde ssgsd-sdanaxarjebis Sesaxeb monacemebi mocemulia danarTSi 8.

ssgsd-s Semosavlebisa da xarjebis dinamikaze mravali Sida Tu garefaqtori axdens gavlenas, romelic ssgsd-s mier yovelTvis ar arisgaTvaliswinebuli. ssgsd-s danaxarjebi yoveli fiskaluri wlisaTvis undadaigegmos, xolo saqonlisa da momsaxurebis Sesyidvis xarjebi saxelmwifoSesyidvebis saagentos mier unda damtkicdes. kontrolis palatismonacemebiT, ssgsd-s damtkicebuli gegmiT gansazRvruli xarjebis odenobamudmivad Seusrulebelia. ase magaliTad, 2001 wels55 :

§ ssgsd-m kadrebisa da Senobebis movla-Senaxvis dagegmil xarjebs 9%-iTgadaaWarba

§ sagzao samuSaoTa gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli xarjebi 9%-iT meti iyo

§ valis momsaxurebis gegmis 27% ar Sesrulda

§ davalianebis gastumrebis gegmuri odenoba 28%-iT iyo gadaWarbebuli

§ gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebisaTvis gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxa27%-iT iqna gadametebuli

§ Tbilisis meriisaTvis gadaricxuli Tanxebis odenoba 78%-iT aRema-teboda dagegmils

§ 2001 wlis wliuri danaxarjebis gegma 97%-iT Sesrulda.

dagegmilsa da realur xarjebs Soris sxvaoba ZiriTadad saSemosavlogegmebSi momxdari cvlilebebiT aixsneba. amis mizezebia: gauTvaliswinebeliSemTxvevebi; sxva saxelmwifo struqturebis mier gamowveuli problemebi;ssgsd-s mier cudi dagegmva (rac umetesad qveynis ekonomikuri mdgomareobisaraswori prognozirebis gamo xdeba); saxelmwifo uwyebebs Sorisinformaciis gacvlis simcire da kanonmdeblobis (kerZod, saqarTvelossagadasaxado kodeqsis) xSiri cvlileba. unda aRiniSnos, rom dagegmilixarjebis Seusrulebloba saqarTvelos samTavrobo uwyebebisTvis tipurmovlenas warmoadgens, xolo makontrolebeli organoebis umoqmedoba masCveul praqtikad aqcevs. Tumca, garda gegmebis Seusruleblobisa, sxvamniSvnelovani problemac arsebobs - esaa saxelmwifo finansebis araefeq-turi gamoyeneba.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, ssgsd-s ZiriTad xarjviT muxls saqarTvelossaerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mSenebloba, reabilitacia,perioduli SekeTeba da movla-Senaxva warmoadgens. aqve igulisxmeba gzebis

55 kontrolis palata “ saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis SemowmebisangariSi” 2002 weli

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proeqtireba, dagegmareba, dazverviTi samuSaoebi da momavali proeqtebisfinansuri dagegmva. Znelia, saproeqto da finansuri dokumentebis amomwuravadSeswavlis gareSe Seafaso ssgsd-s mier sagzao samuSaoebze gamoyenebulisaxsrebis efeqturoba. Tumca kontrolis palatisa da saxelmwifoSesyidvebis saagentos masalebSi da saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTaasociaciis, saqarTvelos axalgazrda ekonomistTa asociaciisa da Transpar-ency International – saqarTvelos erTobliv angariSSi ssgsd-s saqmianobaSimTeli rigi darRvevebia aRnusxuli56 .

gansakuTrebul SeSfoTebas iwvevs ssgsd-s satendero procedurebis gaum-Wvirvaloba da “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonis darRvevebi.upirvelesad, es exeba menardeTa SerCevis sakiTxs: rodesac ssgsderTpirovnulad iRebs gadawyvetilebas, samuSaoebis saxelSekruleboRirebuleba xSirad aWarbebs kanoniT daSvebul limits. garda amisa, e.w.“lump sum contract”-is praqtikam saqarTveloSi fexi ver moikida. gadaxdisZiriTad formas Sesrulebuli samuSaos Tvis bolos anazRaurebawarmoadgens. aseT formas kidev araferi uWirda, Semowmebis monacemebi damaTi Semdgomi damuSaveba zusti da sando rom yofiliyo. magram ssgsd-s,kerZo menardeebsa da xarisxis makontrolebel organizaciebs (roca kiaseTebi monawileoben) Soris didi xnis win Camoyalibebuli “axlourTierTobebi”, ssgsd-s mier menardeTa SerCevis mankieri praqtika daSekeTebul gzaTa cudi xarisxi mTlianobaSi sakmaris safuZvels iZleva,rom savele Semowmebis angariSTa sandoobaSi eWvi Segveparos.

xelSekrulebebi, romlebic samuSaos yovelTviur anazRaurebas gulisxmobs,miCneulia dagrovebuli davalianebis ZiriTad mizezad. gasuli wlebisdavalianebaTa momdevno wlis biujetidan dafarvis ufleba ssgsd-ssaqarTvelos prezidentma jer kidev 1996 wels mianiWa da mas Semdeg espraqtika farTod gavrcelda. problema is aris, rom ssgsd-sa da kerZosawarmoebs Soris dadebul xelSekrulebebSi aRmoCenili uamravi darRvevisgamo dasafari davalianebis zusti odenoba praqtikulad gaurkvevelia.makontrolebeli organoebisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis miergamovlinda Semdegi saxis darRvevebi:

§ ar aris miTiTebuli xelSekrulebis damdebi mxareebi

§ ar aris gansazRvruli Sesasrulebeli samuSao

§ ar aris miTiTebuli samuSaos saerTo Rirebuleba

§ ar aris aRniSnuli samuSaoTa dawyebisa da dasrulebis vada

§ ar aris gansazRvruli xelSekrulebis damdeb mxareTa uflebebi damovaleobebi

Semosavlebis wliuri gegmebis Seusrulebloba (rac xSirad ssgsd-s

56 “saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis samoqalaqo monitoringi”, Transparency International- Georgia, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia, saqarTvelos axalgazrda ekonomistTaasociacia, Tbilisi, noemberi, 2002 weli

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kontrols ar eqvemdebareba) da gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebisaTvis saWirorezervebis simcire ar iZleva swori dagegmvis saSualebas. amis gamogrovdeba davalianeba kerZo menardeebis mimarT, rac yovelwliuradamcirebs Casatarebeli samuSaoebis moculobas.

ssgsd-s danaxarjebs sxva problemac axlavs, kerZod, sagzao samuSaoebisxarisxis arasakmarisi kontroli. ssgsd-s sagzao samuSaoebis priori-tetebisa da sagzao seqtoris mcire resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT, saxsrebisudidesi nawili saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis movla-Senaxvas xmardeba. am gzebze samuSao kontraqtebis moculoba SedarebiTdidia, rac mimzidvelia samSeneblo sawarmoebisaTvis, romlebsac didimoculobis samuSaoebis warmoeba da ukeTesi xarisxis SeTavazeba SeuZliaT.agreTve, imis gamo, rom didi kontraqtebisadmi saxelmwifo makontrolebeliuwyebebisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis yuradReba gacilebiT maRalia,saxelSekrulebo pirobebi da valdebulebebic gacilebiT ufro mkafiodaagansazRvruli.

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv da adgilobriv gzebze mdgomareoba SedarebiT mZimeanaklebi dafinansebis gamo. Sesabamisad, kontraqtebi mcire sawarmoebseZlevaT. maT ki samuSaoebis Sesasruleblad arc saWiro resursebi aqvTda verc maRali xarisxiT daikvexnian. didi kompaniebis mxridan mcirekontraqtebisadmi naklebi interesi aixsneba didi samobilizacio xarjebiT,ris gamoc, bunebrivia, samuSao kontraqtebi SesakeTebeli monakveTebismaxloblad arsebul sawarmoebs eZlevaT – samuSao zonaluri principiTnawildeba. ssgsd-s inspeqtorTa mier savele samuSaoebis xarisxis kontroliZalze sustia, radgan yvela im monakveTze, romlebzec sagzao samuSaomimdinareobs, Zviri jdeba srul ganakveTze momuSave inspeqtoris mimagrebada ssgsd-c amjobinebs, defeqtebze Tvali daxuWos. ssgsd-s erT-erTiTanamSromlis sityvebiT: “im TanxiT, rasac Cven maT vuxdiT, ra xarisxsunda velodoT? aseTi dafinansebis pirobebSi SeuZlebelia xarisxianisamuSaos Sesruleba, metis gadaxdis saSualeba ki Cven ar gvaqvs.”

cnobisaTvis: 2002 wels saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis gzebis movla-SenaxvissamuSaoebi rva sagzao-samSeneblo sawarmom Caatara da TiToeul sawarmossaamisod saSualod 499.5 aTasi lari gadaeca; Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi gzebismovla-Senaxvis samuSaoebi 63 sawarmos mier ganxorcielda da TiToeulisawarmos mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos saSualo Rirebuleba 79.6 aTas larsSeadgenda; adgilobrivi gzebis movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebi 61 sagzao sawarmosmier Sesrulda da erT sawarmoze samuSaos saSualo Rirebuleba 61.4 aTaslars aRwevda57 .

Cndeba kiTxva: Tu arasakmarisi dafinansebis gamo ver xerxdeba xarisxianisamuSaoebis Catareba, Rirs ki saerTod gadamxdelTa saxsrebis xarjvagzebis uxarisxo momsaxurebaze? amasTanave, imis magivrad, rom ssgsd-msawarmoebs samuSaoebis xarisxis amaRlebisaken ubiZgos, igi xels uwyobssamuSaos uxarisxo Sesrulebas da Tavis gasamarTleblad dafinansebis

57 aRniSnuli gaTvlebi gakeTda ssgsd-s mier mowodebuli monacemebis safuZvelze

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simcires asaxelebs. mcire sawarmoTaTvis momdevno wels samuSao kontraqtismiReba garantirebulia zonaluri ganawilebis principiT da damokidebuliagzis mdgomareobaze, anu rac ufro cud mdgomareobaSia gza, miT ufrodidia Sansi, rom sawarmom axali kontraqti miiRos. ssgsd acxadebs, romgzebi periodul movla-Senaxvas saWiroebs da Tu es ar ganxorcielda,ramdenime weliwadSi saWiro gaxdeba maTi reabilitacia, rac gacilebiTmet xarjebs moiTxovs. Tumca, rogorc gvgonia, reabilitaciis maRalixarjebis kompensireba reabilitirebuli monakveTebis ufro maRalixarisxiT da Semdgomi movla-Senaxvis xarjebis SemcirebiT moxerxdeboda.garda amisa, yovelwliurad uxarisxo movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebze milionebisxarjvas, umjobesi iqneboda, sareabilitacio samuSaoebisaTvis saxsrebisakumulireba momxdariyo. samomavlod es Seamcirebda gauTvaliswinebelxarjebs (2002 wels amgvarma xarjebma daaxloebiT 8.4 milioni lari Seadgina,rac ssgsd-s biujetiT gaTvaliswinebul rezervebze 4.6-jer metia).

daskvna: miuxedavad imisa, rom ssgsd-s danaxarjebis umetesoba sagzaosamuSaoebze modis, aRniSnuli xarjebis efeqturoba da miRebuli sargebeligacilebiT naklebia vidre SeiZleba yofiliyo, gansakuTrebiT TugaviTvaliswinebT saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris resursebis simcires.

ukanono Semosavlebis damalvis yvelaze nacad xerxs saxelmwifo saxsrebisxarjvis makontrolebel organoTa saqmianobisTvis xelis SeSlawarmoadgens. Sesabamisad, ssgsd-s mier upiratesobis miniWeba mciremenardeebisaTvis (romelTa kontroli gacilebiT rTulia, vidre didiproeqtebis monawile kompaniebisa) ganixileba, rogorc ssgsd-s mier gaweulixarjebis kontrolisagan Tavis daRwevis saSualeba.

ssgsd-s mier kadrebisa da Senoba-nagebobebis, maT Soris sauwyebo organizaciebisSenaxvaze gaweuli xarjebi aseve araefeqturad aris miCneuli. kadrebisa daSenoba-nagebobebis movla-Senaxvis xarjebis matebas ssf-s mier akrefiligadasaxadebis zrdiT, ssf-Si damatebiTi TanamSromlebis saWiroebiT dainflaciiT xsnian. magram Tu am ukanasknelis arideba Sidasauwyebo zomebissaSualebiT SeuZlebelia, sxva xarjebis Semcireba sagadasaxado ganyofilebebis,gansakuTrebiT ssf-s raionuli ganyofilebebis kompiuterizaciiT TavisufladmiiRweva. sainformacio da kavSirgabmulobis teqnologiebis ufro farTodgamoyeneba mniSvnelovnad Seamcirebda ssgsd-sa da ssf-s kavSirgabmulobisxarjebs. metic, ssgsd-s ganyofilebebis kompiuterizaciisa da kadrebismomzadebis Sedegad amaRldeboda Sromis produqtiuloba, rac ssgsd-sada ssf-s saoperacio xarjebisa da TanamSromelTa Semcirebis saSualebasmiscemda.

2001 wlidan ucxouri kreditebiT ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis Tanada-finanseba da valis momsaxurebis gadasaxadebi ssgsd-s mniSvnelovanixarjviTi muxli gaxda. msoflio bankTan xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, proeqtisRirebulebis 72.7%-is dafinanseba kreditiT, xolo 27.3% _ saqarTvelosmTavrobis mier unda momxdariyo. ssgsd-sa da finansTa saministros SorismiRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze saministro uzrunvelyofda saqarTvelosmxaris Tanadafinansebis wilis 16.67%-s (dRg-s nawili), xolo ssgsd darCenil

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13.33%-s daafinansebda58. quveiTis fondis sakredito xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad,saqarTvelos mxare 32%-ian Tanadafinansebas uzrunvelyofda, saidanacfinansTa saministro dRg-s nawils dafaravda, xolo danarCeni ssf-ssaxsrebiT Seivseboda59 . ssgsd pasuxismgebelia wina da mimdinare sesxebismomsaxurebazec. kontrolis palatis monacemebiT, ssgsd-m ukve ramdenimejerver SeZlo aRniSnuli valdebulebebis Sesruleba, ris gamoc mas sajarimogadasaxadebi daericxa – es ssgsd-s mcire resursebis gaTvaliswinebiTaSkarad miuRebel praqtikas warmoadgens60 .

kontrolis palatis Semowmebis Sedegad ssgsd-s sabuRaltro procedurebSiramdenime darRveva gamovlinda, kerZod: araswori sabuRaltro Canawerebi,centralur biujetsa da specialur samTavrobo fondebSi Tanxebisarasruli da dagvianebuli Caricxvebi, Tanxebis dagvianebiT gadaxda daa.S. kontrolis palatam aRmoaCina ssgsd-s angariSebidan Tanxebis SecdomiTgadaricxvis SemTxvevebic. aseT gadaricxvebs ZiriTadad sabuRaltroSecdomebiT xsnian. es saxsrebi garkveuli periodis Semdeg ssgsd-s angariSzedaabrunes. SesaZloa, amgvari “Secdomebi” saxelmwifo saxsrebis piradimiznebiT gamoyenebis nacnob xerxs warmoadgendes (romelic 90-ian wlebSipostkomunistur qveynebSi, maT Soris saqarTveloSic farTod gamoiyeneboda).Cveulebriv, “nasesxebi” Tanxa Zalze momgebiani moklevadiani investi-ciebisaTvis gamoiyeneboda, xolo mogebas “msesxebeli” da “gamsesxebeli”(Tanamdebobis piri) iyofdnen. SecdomiT gadaricxuli saxsrebis dabrunebisSemdeg saxelmwifo auditoruli uwyebebi Tavs aRar iwuxeben, ssgsd-ssaqmianoba ki ferxdeba da es uaryofiTad aisaxeba saqarTvelos sagzaoseqtorze.

kontrolis palatis inspeqtorTa mier aRmoCenil sxva “mcire darRvevebs”61Soris unda aRiniSnos ssgsd-s mier gadasaxadebisgan Tavis daZvrenisSemTxvevebi. magaliTad, specialur rezervebze gadasaxadis, mogebisgadasaxadis, fizikur pirTa saSemosavlo gadasaxadis, qonebisa da damatebiTiRirebulebis gadasaxadis, socialuri dacvisa da jandacvis fondSigadasaricxi da sxva Tanxebis gadauxdeloba.

mravali darRveva aRmoCnda ssgsd-s mier kerZo organizaciebze manqana-danadgarebisa da Senoba-nagebobebis miqiravebaSi. magaliTad, kerZoorganizaciebis mier qiris gadauxdelobisas ssgsd Sesabamis zomebs armimarTavda. ssgsd-s TanamSromlebi amas Semdegnairad ganmartaven: qirisgadauxdelobis SemTxvevaSi urC sawarmoebs Sesabamisi odenobis TanxasuqviTaven xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxidan. Tumca ssgsd-sa dakerZo menardeebs Soris aseTi garigebebis werilobiTi dadasturebis dasamuSao xelSekrulebebSi Sesabamisi muxlebis ararseboba safuZvels iZleva,vivaraudoT, sinamdvileSi rogor da vis sasargeblod xdeboda qiris

58 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 2002 weli da ssgsd-s monacemebi59 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 2002 weli da ssgsd-s monacemebi60 damatebiTi cnobebisaTvis ix. me-9 Tavi61 kontrolis palatis angariSebSi gamoyenebuli termini

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Tanxebis gamoyeneba. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom ssgsd-s mimarT davalianebisarsebobas kerZo sawarmoebi momavali kontraqtebis mosapovebladac iyeneben.

amas xels uwyobs is garemoebac, rom 1990-iani wlebis dasasruls saxelmwifoqonebis privatizeba uamravi darRveviT warimarTa. kontrolis palatismasalebiT, yofili saxelmwifo manqana-danadgarebi amJamad ramdenimeorganizaciis sakuTrebaa, romlebic maT ssgsd-sagan privatizaciamde iqiravesda Semdgom maTi privatizeba moaxdines. amis Sesaxeb ssgsd-s ukmayofilebaar gamouTqvams. gadmocemiT, aseTi privatizebis Sedegad amJamad arsebulmazogierTma sagzao samSeneblo sawarmom didi sargebeli naxa, ssgsd-s“xelgaSlilobis gamo” arsebuli saukeTeso manqana-danadgarebi Calisfasad Caigdo xelSi.

ssgsd saTanadod ver icavs saxelmwifo interesebs sagzao seqtorSi. aqti-vebis araefeqturi marTvis gamo iflangeba saxelmwifo saxsrebi. ssgsd-sargumenti, rom mdgomareobis gamosworeba SeuZlebelia, vidre ar moxdebasakmarisi resursebiT uzrunvelyofa, cxadyofs: ssgsd-s xelmZRvanelobasar Seswevs problemebis gadaWrisa da viTarebis arsebiTi Secvlis unari.metic, sagzao seqtorSi resursebis gankargvis praqtika naTlad miuTiTebspiradi interesebis primats saxelmwifo interesebze.

9 saerTaSoriso daxmareba

1992 wlidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos sagzao qselis reabilitaciisa daganviTarebisaTvis grantebi da kreditebi ZiriTadad Semdegi donorebismier gamoiyo: evrogaerTianeba, iaponiis mTavroba, msoflio banki da arabuliekonomikuri ganviTarebis quveiTis fondi. am organizaciebis mier saqarT-velos sagzao seqtorisaTvis gamoyofili saxsrebis mTliani moculoba,romelic jer srulad ar aris aTvisebuli, 67.5 milion aSS dolars Seadgens62 .saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorma sxva proeqtebis farglebSic miiRosaerTaSoriso daxmareba, ise, rom maTSi ssgsd uSualod ar monawileobda.informacia evrogaerTianebisa da iaponiis mTavrobis grantebis, msofliobankisa da quveiTis fondis kreditebis Sesaxeb ixileT danarTSi 9.

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorisaTvis gaweuli saerTaSoriso daxmarebissferoSi wamoWrili ZiriTadi problemuri sakiTxebi SeiZleba SemdegnairadSejamdes:

§ saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiTgansazRvruli valdebulebebis Seusrulebloba

§ saerTaSoriso donorebTan dadebuli sakredito xelSekrulebebissafuZvelze ganxorcielebuli proeqtebis TanadafinansebasTandakavSirebiT wamoWrili uTanxmoebebi samTavrobo uwyebebs Soris

62 kvleviTi jgufis gaTvlebi kontrolis palatis angariSebis safuZvelze


74

§ saerTaSoriso daxmarebis saxsrebis araefeqturi gamoyeneba

§ satendero procedurebis aratransparentuloba da araobieqturoba

§ saerTaSoriso daxmarebis saxsrebis gankargvis aratransparentuloba

zemoaRniSnuli problemebi ZiriTadad saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier sagzaoqselis ganviTarebisaTvis aRebul kreditebs ukavSirdeba. mizezi is gaxlavT,rom gacilebiT iolia grantebis kontroli, radgan isini ufro mcire,miznobrivia da donori qveynebis an organizaciebis mier monitoringiukeT xorcieldeba. miuxedavad amisa, ucxouri grantebiT miRebuli SedegebiSeiZleba qarTulma organizaciebma piradi sargeblisTvis gamoiyenon.

iaponiis mTavrobis grantiT SeZenili manqana-danadgarebi zemoaRniSnuliskargi magaliTia. granti saqarTvelos prezidentis Txovnisa da iaponelieqspertebis mier saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuli mdgomareobisSeswavlis Sedegad gamoiyo. kvlevis Sedegebma cxadyo, rom qarTul sagzaosawarmoTa dabali produqtiulobis erT-erT sagulisxmo mizezsTanamedrove sagzao-samSeneblo manqana-danadgarebis nakleboba warmoadgens.manqana-danadgarebi ssgsd-s unda Seesyida da isini sagzao sawarmoebisTvismieqiravebina. aRmoCnda, rom ssgsd-s ar SeeZlo manqana-danadgarebis saTanadomovla da Senaxva. amis Semdeg gadawyda, Catarebuliyo tenderi im firmisgamosavlenad, romelic SeZlebda saWiro momsaxurebas, Tumca manqana-danadgarebi meore dResve “droebiT” Sesanaxad, ssgsd-s mier yovelgvarikonkursis gareSe gadaeca erT-erT firmas. ramdenadac CvenTvis cnobilia,manqana-danadgarebi dResac am firmis gankargulebaSia. metic, tenderi arcmaT daqiravebaze gamocxadebula. kvlevisas gamovlenili masalebismixedviT, ssgsd kerZo sawarmoTaTvis miqiravebuli manqana-danadgarebisaTvisumetes SemTxvevaSi aranair qiras ar iRebs. ssgsd-s informaciiT, qirisTanxebi mogvianebiT am kompaniebTan samuSao kontraqtiT gaTvaliswinebulTanxebs akldeba. Tumca ssgsd-s aRniSnuli gancxadebis damadasturebelidokumenti ver iqna moZiebuli. Sesabamisad, savaraudoa, rom manqana-danadgarebis gaqiravebiT ssgsd-s xelmZRvaneloba xels iTbobda. amavedros, ssgsd-s SeeZlo, manqana-danadgarebis gaqiravebiT miRebuliSemosavlebi sakuTari teqnikuri SesaZleblobebis gaumjobesebisa dasaqarTveloSi unikaluri da ZviradRirebuli manqana-danadgarebisSenaxvisaTvis gamoeyenebina. amis nacvlad maT momsaxurebaSi ssgsdweliwadSi sul cota 81864 lars ixdis.

saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi myofi manqana-danadgarebis gasaqiraveblad tendere-bis Riad da obieqturad Catarebis mTavar mizans iseTi damqiraveblisgamovlena warmoadgens, romelsac am kapitalis gamoyenebiT maqsimalurimogebis miReba, Sesabamisad, ufro maRali fasis SeTavazeba SeuZlia. aqedangamomdinare, ssgsd-s kuTvnili manqana-danadgarebis gaqiravebisaTvis Riada obieqturi tenderis CatarebiT ssgsd-s saxelmwifos ekonomikuriresursebis efeqturobisa da maqsimaluri Semosavlebis uzrunvelyofaSeeZlo. am saxsrebiT SeiZleboda ssgsd-s gadaudebeli problemebismogvareba da uwyebis TanamSromelTa samuSao pirobebis gaumjobeseba.


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rogorc aRmoCnda, msoflio bankis kreditTan dakavSirebul erT-erTproblemas proeqtis Tanadafinanseba warmoadgens. kanonebisa dasakanonmdeblo aqtebis arsebul ierarqiaSi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebikonstituciis Semdeg dgas. es niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos samTavrobo uwyebebismier gamocemul sakanonmdeblo aqtebs an uwyebebs Soris miRweulSeTanxmebebs upiratesoba ver eqneba saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebTanSedarebiT. msoflio banksa da saqarTvelos mTavrobas Soris dadebulixelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, Tanadafinansebis Tanxebi ara ssf-dan, aramedcentraluri biujetidan unda gamoiyos. Sesabamisad, finansTa saministrosada ssgsd-s Soris miRweuli SeTanxmeba msoflio bankis sagzao proeqtisTanadafinansebis gadanawilebis Sesaxeb kanonis darRvevas warmoadgens(dawvrilebiTi informaciisaTvis ix. danarTi 9). ssgsd-s informaciiT, isacnobierebda finansTa saministrosTan dadebuli SeTanxmebis aramarTe-bulobas, magram mxolod ase Tu moxerxdeboda sakredito xelSekrulebisratificireba parlamentSi. marTlac, mxolod finansTa saministrosa dassgsd-s Soris qvexelSekrulebis dadebis Semdeg gadawyda msoflio banksada saqarTvelos mTavrobas Soris dadebuli sakredito xelSekrulebisratificireba parlamentis mier.

aRsaniSnavia, rom verc finansTa saministro da verc ssgsd ver axerxebdaxelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanadafinansebis droul uzrunvelyofas.msoflio bankis 2003 wlis ivnisis sazedamxedvelo misiis memorandumiT,finansTa saministro mudmivad agvianebda Tanadafinansebis dRg-s nawilisdafarvas. igive saministro iZulebuli iyo, sasamarTlosaTvis miemarTa, raTassgsd-s msoflio bankTan da quveiTis fondTan dadebuli sakreditoxelSekrulebiT nakisri Tanadafinansebis valdebulebebi Seesrulebina. 2003wlis ivnisis mdgomareobiT, ssgsd-s mier finansTa saministros mimarTdavalianeba 3133900 aSS dolarsa da 59145 quveiTur dinars Seadgenda63 .

finansTa saministrosaTvis Tanxebis gadauxdelobas ssgsd sabaJo departa-mentis mier Cadenili darRvevebiT, kerZod ki importirebul benzinzeaqcizidan miRebuli Semosavlebis ssf-s wilis centralur biujetSigadaricxviT gamowveuli saxsrebis simciriT xsnida. aRniSnuli uTanxmoebasasamarTlos 2003 wlis 13 ivnisis dadgenilebiT gadawyda, romlis Tanaxmadssgsd-s finansTa saministrosaTvis valis gadaxda daekisra. am davalianebasgamoaklda sabaJo departamentis ssgsd-sadmi arsebuli vali.

es faqti erT-erTi im mravalTagania, rodesac resursebis mwvave deficitispirobebSi erTi samTavrobo uwyebis mier valdebulebis Seusruleblobameore uwyebis saqmianobis Seferxebas iwvevs. magram gansakuTrebiT didproblemas saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebis pirobaTa darRveva warmoadgens.Sedegad, qveyana ara mxolod saerTaSoriso donorTa ndobas kargavs, aramedsaTanado standartebiT ver xorcieldeba ZviradRirebuli saerTaSorisoproeqtebi. amis gamo saqarTvelos sagareo valis Rirebuleba saerTaSorisokreditebiT miRebul sargebels aRemateba da es umZimes tvirTad awvebamomaval Taobebs.

63 Tbilisis saolqo sasamarTlos 2003 wlis 13 ivnisis gadawyvetileba (saqme #31a-90)


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saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da msoflio banks Soris dadebuli xelSekrulebiskidev erTi piroba ar Sesrulda64 : “saqarTvelos mTavroba valdebulia,gamoyos Tanxebi gzebis movla-SenaxvisaTvis im odenobiT, rac ar iqnebassgsd-s 1999 wlis biujetze naklebi da yovelwliurad Seswordeba sesxisamRebis mTliani Semosavlebis gazrdis an Semcirebis proporciulad”65 .msoflio bankis sazedamxedvelo misiis gaTvlebiT, saqarTvelos sagzaoseqtoris dafinansebis dinamika sakredito xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuldafinansebasTan SedarebiT Semdegnairad gamoiyureba (Tanxebi mocemuliamilioni lariT):

1999

(faqtobrivi)

2000 (faqtobrivi)

2001 (faqtobrivi)

2002 (faqtobrivi)

2003 (saproeqto)

sagzao fondis Semosavlebi 42,592 32,200 38,756 42,300 50,2∗

valdebulebebi (partniori fondi, kreditebis dabruneba) - - 5,475 14,203 15,3

gzebis movla-Senaxvis Tanxebi 42,592 32,200 33,281 28,097 34,9

proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebis Sesabamisi dafinansebis odenoba

42,592 46,340 52,178 57,395 62,7

deficiti - 14,140 18,897 29,298 27,8

wyaro: saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamenti

1999 wlidan moyolebuli, saqarTveloSi gzebis movla-SenaxvisaTvisarsebuli saxsrebis odenobam zrdis magivrad iklo. SemaSfoTebelimarto is ar gaxlavT, rom saqarTvelos mTavroba ver axerxebsxelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli kidev erTi pirobis Sesrulebas:proeqtis farglebSi mimdinare sagzao samuSaoebi imis gaTvaliswinebiTdaigegma, rom sagzao qselis saTanado movla-Senaxva da perioduliSekeTeba ssgsd-s mier 1999 wlis moculobis Sesabamisad moxdeboda,magram ssgsd-s resursebis sagrZnobi deficitis pirobebSi proeqtismiznebi praqtikulad miuRwevelia.

gamokiTxuli eqspertebi SeSfoTebas gamoTqvamen saerTaSoriso kreditebiTdafinansebul samuSaoTa saxeobebis Taobaze. samuSaoTa didi nawilizedapiruli damuSavebiskenaa mimarTuli, Tumca eqspertebs miaCniaT, romupriani iqneboda sareabilitacio samuSaoebis Catareba. saqme is gaxlavT,rom gzebis zedapiruli damuSavebis samsaxuris normatiuli vada 4-5 welia,reabilitirebuli monakveTebisa ki gacilebiT meti. amasTan, gzis monakveTebis

64 citata msoflio bankis sazedamxedvelo misiis memorandumidan, gzebis proeqti, saqarTvelo, 6-14ivlisi, 2003 weli65 aRniSnuli xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad kreditis mimReb mxares saqarTvelos saxeliT finansTasaministro warmoadgenda∗ sakontrolo cifri 2003 wlis biujetis proeqtidan


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reabilitacia sagrZnoblad amcirebs movla-Senaxvis xarjebs da izrdebasaerTaSoriso kreditebiT miRebuli sargebeli. msoflio bankis kreditisfarglebSi gaweuli samuSaoebis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb saqarTvelosparlamentSi wardgenil moxsenebaSi66 sareabilitacio samuSaoebis wilisgazrdis Sesaxeb isic aRiniSna, rom zedapiruli damuSavebis samuSaoebierTi sagzao sawarmos mier aris monopolizebuli, radgan saWiro manqana-danadgarebi mxolod mas gaaCnia. am garemoebas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,safuZvliani Cans mosazreba, rom amgvari samuSaoebis Rirebuleba gazrdiliada sabazro fasebs sagrZnoblad aRemateba.

ssgsd-s miaCnia, rom samuSaoebi sworad aris dagegmili da sruladSeesabameba saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris saWiroebebs. ssgsd, ra Tqmaunda, uflebamosilia, Tavad gadawyvitos, rogor gamoiyenos sakreditosaxsrebi, magram upriani iqneboda qarTvel da ucxoel eqspertTa azrisgaTvaliswinebac. ase magaliTad, anti talvitis azriT (msoflio bankisprogramis jgufis xelmZRvaneli): “nebismieri qveynisaTvis arasworistrategiaa sakredito saxsrebiT gzebis movla-Senaxvis dafinanseba; essaxsrebi sagzao qselis gaumjobesebisa da dagrovili saremontosamuSaoebis Sesamcireblad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli”67 .

qarTvel eqspertebs, masmediis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da sagzaoseqtoris warmomadgenlebs eeWvebaT msoflio bankisa da quveiTis fondiskreditebze Catarebuli tenderebis obieqturoba. kvlevis SedegebismixedviT, miuxedavad imisa, rom msoflio bankis kreditis farglebSikonkursi ufro gamWvirvale da konkurentul pirobebSi tardeba,obieqturobamde jer kidev bevri uklia. rogorc amboben, tenderebi“obieqturia formiT, magram ara SinaarsiT”. SeniSvnebi ZiriTadad SemdegimimarTulebebiT keTdeba:

§ satendero komisia ZiriTadad ssgsd-s TanamSromlebisagan Sedgebada mas ssgsd-s xelmZRvaneli an mis mier daniSnuli piri Tavmjdomareobs

§ sxva samTavrobo uwyebebis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da masmediiswarmomadgenlebi iSviaTad monawileoben komisiis muSaobaSi

§ satendero procedurebi arasakmarisad gamWvirvalea

§ momsaxurebisa da samuSaoebis Rirebuleba gansxvavdeba sabazro fase-bisgan

§ satendero winadadebebSi samSeneblo masalebisa da manqana-danadga-rebis fasebi gazrdilia, Sesabamisad, matulobs kontraqtis Rirebuleba

66 moxseneba “ganviTarebis kreditis Sesaxeb #3357-GE (saavtomobilo gzebis proeqti)”, saqarTvelosada ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso asociacias Soris xelSekrulebis Sesrulebis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb2002 wlis 31 martis mdgomareobiT67 batoni anti talvitis gamosvla amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikis sakiTxebzegamarTul erTobliv seminarze, , Tbilisi, 18-19 aprili 2002 weli


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obieqturobisa da sajaroobis nakleboba SeimCneoda quveiTis fondiskreditiT gaTvaliswinebuli samuSao kontraqtebis dadebisas. milionobiTdolaris kontraqtebi daxuruli tenderebiT gaica da quveiTur-qarTulisawarmoebi quveiTis fondisa da ssgsd-s mier iqna mxardaWerili. raki essaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis pirobas warmoadgenda da mas saqarTvelosmTavrobac daTanxmda, uSualod ssgsd-s brali ver daedeba, Tumca dairRvasaqarTvelos kanoni “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb”.

unda aRiniSnos, rom 1999 wels ssgsd sagzao samuSaoebSi ucxouri kompaniebismonawileobis sastiki winaaRmdegi iyo. misi argumenti is gaxldaT, romucxoel menardeTa monawileoba xels SeuSlida adgilobrivi sagzaosamSeneblo da movla-Senaxvis dargis ganviTarebas. maSin msoflio bankidaeTanxma mis am pozicias im pirobiT, rom Sesyidvebis formis gansazRvrasatendero paketebis moculobis gaTvaliswinebiT moxdeboda. xazgasmiTiyo aRniSnuli, rom adgilobriv sawarmoTaTvis garkveuli privilegiebidasaSvebi iyo, Tumca kontraqtis dadebisas ZiriTad kriteriums proeqtisekonomikuri efeqturoba warmoadgenda. sagzao samuSaoebis xarisxismixedviT SeiZleba Sefasdes, ramdenad gamarTlebuli iyo ssgsd-s pozicia.

saerTo SefasebiT, msoflio bankisa da quveiTis fondis kreditebiTganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis xarisxi gacilebiT maRalia, vidre ssgsd-ssxva proeqtebisa, Tumca mravali mcire defeqti mainc gamovlinda. kvlevisSedegebis mixedviT, xarisxSi sxvaoba nawilobriv imiT aixsneba, romprioritetuli marSrutebi, romelTa reabilitireba da movla-SenaxvacsaerTaSoriso kreditebiT xdeba, yovelTvis ukeTes mdgomareobaSi iyo,vidre saqarTvelos sagzao qselis sxva monakveTebi.

sxva faqtori, ramac ucxouri kreditebis ukeT gamoyeneba ganapiroba, xarisxisukeTesi kontrolia. sagzao samuSaoebis xarisxis kontroli tenderissafuZvelze SerCeuli qarTuli kompaniebis mier xorcieldeba, romelTasaqmianobis monitoringsac, Tavis mxriv, sagzao samuSaoTa zedamxedvelobazepasuxismgebeli ucxoeli menardeni axorcieleben. qarTvel menardeTaTviskargad aris cnobili, rom saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi Semdgomi kontraqtebismiRebis SesaZlebloba maT warmatebul muSaobasa da xarisxis dacvazeadamokidebuli. erT-erTi respondentis citireba rom movaxdinoT: “msofliobankis kreditis farglebSi dafinanseba ukeTesia, Sesabamisad, ufro advilia,menardeebs samuSaoebis maRali xarisxiT Sesruleba mosTxovo.” Tumca,rogorc vizualuri dakvirvebiT gairkva, msoflio bankis saxsrebiT 2001-2002 wlebSi SekeTebuli gzebis ramdenime monakveTi ganmeorebiT SekeTebassaWiroebs, rac gvafiqrebinebs, rom saerTaSoriso proeqtebis farglebSiCatarebuli sagzao samuSaoebis xarisxic ar aris damakmayofilebeli.

kreditis aTvisebis sazogadoebrivi monitoringi ver xerxdeba imis gamoc,rom mwiria informacia proeqtebis miznebisa da amocanebis Sesaxeb.kontrolis palata mxolod proeqtebisa da gamoyofili resursebisaTvisebas aRwers. Catarebuli inspeqciebis angariSebi ucxouri kreditebisgamoyenebis marTebulobisa da efeqtianobis analizs ar iZleva. saxelmwifoSesyidvebis saagento (sSs), romelic yuradRebiT adevnebda Tvalyurs


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saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis process da dauyovnebliv reagirebda adgilobrivaddafinansebuli proeqtebSi arsebul procedurul darRvevebze, acxadebs:igi ar aris uflebamosili, saerTaSoriso tenderebis monitoringiganaxorcielos. es udavod Secdomaa, radgan sSs-s aqvs saWiro resursebida gamocdileba, raTa saerTaSoriso donorebis mier dafinansebulikontraqtebis obieqturi ganawileba uzrunvelyos.

saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi korufciis ZiriTad formebs satenderowinadadebebSi fasebis xelovnuri zrda da “otkatebi” warmoadgens. metic,zogierTi sawarmos am sferoSi monopolia aqvs dawesebuli. es xels uSlissagzao seqtorSi konkurentuli garemos Seqmnas da saSualebas iZleva,zogierTma sawarmom gamoiyenos sakuTari privilegirebuli mdgomareobada sxvebs pirobebi da fasebi ukarnaxos.

10 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi da xarisxis kontroli

10.1 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi

10.1.1 korufciis mizezebi Sesyidvebis praqtikaSi

Sesyidvebis arsebuli praqtika moicavs korufciis farTo SesaZleblobebs.Tu komunistur epoqaSi arakanonieri saqmianobis dafarva an damatebiTidafinansebis mopoveba qrTamis meSveobiT xdeboda, DdRes is “otkatis”sistemam Secvala: kontraqtori kontraqtis Rirebulebis garkveul wilsuxdis pirebs, romlebic pasuxismgebelni arian kontraqtis miniWebaze. aseTisistema aferxebs saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisa da saxsrebis ganawilebis jansaRipraqtikis damkvidrebas, ramac unda uzrunvelyos fiskaluri resursebisefeqturi gamoyeneba. erT-erTi kvlevis daskvniT, gamokiTxul mewarmeTaumravlesobas miaCnia, rom swored araoficialurma gadasaxadebma aTqmevinauari SesyidvebSi monawileobaze (ix. danarTi 11). aRmoCnda, rom respondentebiaraoficialur gadasaxadebs ufro did problemad aRiqvamen, vidreoficialur gadasaxadebsa da procedurebis sirTules.

Sesyidvebis praqtika unda ganixilebodes farTo konteqstSi. is ar undaiyos izolirebuli sagzao seqtorsa da sazogadoebaSi mimdinareprocesebisagan. Aase rom, departamentis sxva institutebTan urTierTqmedebauTuod axdens gavlenas mTel seqtorze, kerZod, Sesyidvebis praqtikaze.

arasrulyofili kanonmdebloba, romelic aregulirebs saxelmwifoSesyidvebs, did gavlenas axdens mimdinare procesebze. is aurzauri, romelicCveulebriv axlavs departamentis, finansTa saministrosa da sabaJo uwyebisurTierTobebs, ra Tqma unda, vnebs Sesyidvebis praqtikas.


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departamentis moxeleebi, romlebsac Cven gavesaubreT, amboben, romSeuZlebelia umwvavesi problemebiT garemoculi maTi samsaxuri moklexanSi oazisad qceuliyo.

Cveni gundis mier gamokiTxuli kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebi adastureben,rom saxelmwifos maTi didZali fuli marTebs da arastabiluri dafinansebaseriozulad uSlis xels Sesyidvebis normalurad warmarTvas. rodesac2003 wels parlamenti saxelmwifo biujetis sekvestris sakiTxs ganixilavda,seqtori mTlianad paralizebuli iyo.

Sesyidvebze sxva faqtorebic axdens gavlenas. Sesyidvis obieqtis fasebisxelovnuri gazrda imis winapirobaa, rom kontraqtis dadebis Semdeg adgilieqneba araoficialur gadasaxads (“otkats”). korufciuli jaWvi grZeldebaxarisxis kontrolis dros.

yvelaferi es negatiurad moqmedebs Sesyiduli saxsrebisa da masalebisxarisxze da maT racionalur gamoyenebaze. tenderebis cudi reputaciaamcirebs pretendentTa wresac. Aam SemTxvevaSi is Semoifargleba imkompaniebiT, romlebic advilad midian arakanonier garigebebze, ar eridebiansamuSaos falsifikacias da sxva.

cnobilia, rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sajarooba warmoadgens samarTlianikonkurenciis winapirobas. amave dros, farTod gavrcelebulia mosazreba,rom gzebis mSeneblobis da movla-Senaxvis seqtori warmoadgens“saxelmwifos saxelmwifoSi” da is daxuruli sferoa (am movlenisistoriul-politikuri wanamZRvrebi da masze adamianuri faqtoris zegavlenagakvriT ukve vaxseneT moxsenebis wina TavebSi). am mosazrebis miuxedavad,departamentis moxeleebTan Sexvedrebisas problemebi ar Segvqmnia. piriqiT,departamentis moxeleebi acxadebdnen, rom maT sazogadoebrivi monitoringissawinaaRmdego araferi aqvT, isini mxolod diletantebis Carevas ufrTxian.

amasTan, kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebis gamokiTxva naklebadD informaciuliaRmoCnda, vidre movelodiT. hipoTezurad, isini warmoadgenen tenderebispraqtikaSi SesaZlebeli korufciis msxverpls. magram Misini ufroTavSekavebulni da frTxilni iyvnen, vidre departamentis rigiTi moxeleebi.aRsaniSnavia, rom didi Zalisxmeva dagvWirda saimisod, raTa mogvexdinainterviuebis organizeba Sps-ebis warmomadgenlebTan. viTvaliswinebT ramaT mouclelobas, mainc unda iTqvas, rom isini ar amJRavneben gasaubrebisdid survils. iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac maT uari Tqves CvenTan Sexvedraze.mizezad saxeldeboda is, rom ar surdaT damatebiTi problemebi. sainteresoaerTi detali: departamentis moxeleebi ar malavdnen, rom srulad iyvneninformirebuli kompaniebis direqtorebTan Cveni Sexvedrebis Taobaze.

calke problema iyo damoukidebeli eqspertebis moZebnac, radgan ar arsebobsuSualod am sferoze orientirebuli sazogadoebrivi instituti. SevxvdiTEeqspertebs sxva samSeneblo sferoebidanac, romlebic gacilebiTkritikulni iyvnen, vidre maTi kolegebi sagzao seqtoridan.


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10.1.2 Sesyidvebis axal pirobebTan adaptacia

rogorc gamokvlevam cxadyo, Sesyidvebis axal pirobebTan adaptaciisprocesi gzebis mSeneblobis da movla-Senaxvis seqtorSi mZimed mimdinareobs.amis dasturia araerTi darRveva kanonisa “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb”da debulebisa “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb”(SemdgomSi “debuleba”)68 . es darRvevebi aRnusxulia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebissaagentos, kontrolis palatisa da masmediis mier.

sagzao departamentisa da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis departamentis (mogviane-biT saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos) urTierTobebSi Tavidanve arsebobdaproblemebi. Ggarkveulma drom gastana, sanam sagzao departamentSiSeiqmneboda saTanado qvedanayofi, romelic pasuxs agebda seqtorSisaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis warmarTvaze. aseTi qvedanayofi unda Camoyali-bebuliyo 1999 wlis ivlisSi, mas Semdeg, rac saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxebkanoni amoqmeddeboda. am samsaxurs unda eTanamSromla saxelmwifoSesyidvebis departamentTan, romelic ekonomikis saministros struqturaSiSedioda, magram es nabiji ver gadaidga.

igive SeiZleba iTqvas gegmebisa da angariSebis wardgenis praqtikaze.magaliTad, kanonis 24-e muxlis Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentomsagzao departaments mosTxova angariSi 2001 wels ganxorcielebuliSesyidvebis Sesaxeb. pasuxad warudgines 2001 wlis angariSi, romelic Seicavdamxolod msoflio bankis da quveiTis fondis kreditiT ganxorcielebuliSesyidvebis Sesaxeb informacias.

departamentis mier damtkicebuli 2001 wlis sagzao samuSaoebis wliurigegma saagentos saerTod ar warudgines, xolo 2002 wlis gegma dagvianebiTmiawodes, riTac dairRva kanonis 52-e muxlis me-3 punqtis moTxovna. amasTanave,gegma ar moicavda informacias, romelic gaTvaliswinebulia “debulebis”me-3 muxliT (punqti 7): dafinansebis wyaroebze, Sesyidvis obieqtebze, SesyidvebismeTodebze, Sesyidvebis vadebze, grZelvadian kontraqtebze da a.S.

kontrolis palatisa da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos mier dafiq-sirebulia kanoniT da “debulebiT” gansazRvruli moTxovnebis araerTidarRveva.

qvemoT mocemulia tipuri naklovanebebis sia, romelic SeniSnes 2003 welsdepartamentis mier Catarebuli erT-erTi tenderis dros, magaliTad:

1. erT-erTma pretendentma warmoadgina vadagasuli sakvalifikacio mona-cemebi, magram satendero komisias ar gamouyenebia debulebis me-9muxlis me-9 punqtiT miniWebuli ufleba warmodgenili monacemebisxelaxali dadasturebis Taobaze

2. sami kompania diskvalificirebuli iqna imis gamo, rom maT mier warmo-dgenil dokumentebSi iyo Secdomebi. Aamrigad, dairRva kanonis me-10

68 debuleba “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb”, 2001 weli


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muxlis (punqti 6) moTxovna, anu maTunda miscemodaT warmodgenildokumentebSi arsebuli xarvezebis Sesworebis SesaZlebloba. amavedros komisias ar mouxdenia araviTari reagireba erT-erTipretendentis mier warmodgenil arasrulyofil dokumentaciaze

3. erT-erTma pretendentma ar warmoadgina cnoba xelmZRvaneli pirisnasamarTlobis, reorganizacia-likvidaciis, gakotreba-sanaciis daqonebaze yadaRis ararsebobis Sesaxeb (kanonis me-10 muxli). amismiuxedavad, komisiam CaTvala, rom warmodgenili dokumentaciasrulyofilia. Kkomisiis angariSSi ar iyo aRniSnuli erT-erTipretendentis sakvalifikacio monacemi, miuxedavad amisa, SerCevis drosmas uari eTqva

4. ramdenime kompaniam Tavis sakvalifikacio monacemebSi warmoadginasxvadasxva iuridiul pirTan dadebuli xelSekrulebebi imis Taobaze,rom isini konkretul SesyidvebSi monawileobis periodSi qmniandroebiT gaerTianebas. warmodgenil dokumentaciaSi ar iyo gamijnulimonawileTa funqciebi, ar iyo gawerili qvekontraqtorTa movaleobebi.protokolis mixedviT ki, es kompaniebi apirebdnen muSaobas subkon-traqtorebis gareSe

5. warmodgenil operatiul angariSs ar axlavs debulebis 32-e muxlisme-9 punqtis “d” qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli informacia ganxilulsatendero winadadebebze komisiis daskvnebis Sesaxeb, ris gamocsaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos gauWirda gaerkvia, SeesabamebodaTu ara aRniSnuli procedura kanonis moTxovnebs

6. Seusabamoa samuSaoebis damTavrebis vadebic: gancxadebaSi erTi TariRiamiTiTebuli, satendero dokumentaciaSi ki _ sxva. kanonis me-12 muxlis1 punqtis Tanaxmad, gancxadeba tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb, satenderoTu SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri dokumentacia unda moicavdesSesasyidi obieqtis detalur aRweras.

rogorc kanonis me-6, me-7 da “debulebis” me-5 muxlebi adgens, arsebobssaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis 4 meTodi, romelTa gamoyeneba damokidebuliaSesasyidi obieqtis savaraudo fasze:

§ Ria tenderi _ samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesyidvis fasi aRemateba 230000lars

§ daxuruli tenderi _ samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesyidvis fasi 230000larze naklebia, magram aRemateba 120000 lars

§ fasTa kotirebis meTodi _ samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesasyidi fasiaRemateba 50000 lars, magram 120000 larze naklebia

§ erT pirTan molaparakeba - samuSaoebis Sesasyidi fasi ar aRemateba50000 lars da a.S.


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yuradRebas iqcevs bolo maTgani, radgan kanoni misi gamoyenebis drossakmaod xSirad irRveva. am meTodis gamoyenebisas 2002 wels gaixarjasakmaod didi Tanxa - 10481432 lari. kanonis 22-e muxlis Tanaxmad, es formagamoiyeneba, Tu Sesasyidi obieqtis savaraudo Rirebuleba ar aRemateba10000 lars, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebisa - 50000 lars; arsebobsforsmaJoruli situacia da aseT dros aucilebelia Sesyidvis dauyovneblivganxorcieleba; mimwodeblisagan miRebuli samuSaoebis xarisxis gauaresebisTavidan asacileblad da samuSaos Sedegis Semdgomi eqspluataciisuzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia Sesyidvis ganxorcieleba amavemomwodeblisagan, im SemTxvevis garda, rodesac axali Sesyidvis RirebulebaaRemateba Tavdapirveli miwodebis Rirebulebas.

am debulebis darRvevis araerTi SemTxveva dafiqsirda kontrolis palatisada saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos mier 2001-2002 wlebSi. magaliTad,registrirebulia erT pirTan molaparakebis faqti, roca SesyidvisRirebuleba Seadgenda 170400 lars, rac samjer aRemateba dawesebul limits.

amave formis araswor gamoyenebas adgili hqonda, rodesac xeli moewerakontraqts, romlis Rirebuleba 112800 lars Seadgenda. am SemTxvevaSifasTa kotireba unda momxdariyo.

2002 wels zestafonSi Casatarebeli samuSaoebis Sesyidvis dros kanonisdebulebebis darRveviT gamoiyenes erT pirTan molaparakebis forma. Sesyi-dvis Rirebuleba Seadgenda 309000 lars. am SemTxvevaSi unda CatarebuliyoRia tenderi. amgvari darRvevis faqti SeiZleba uamravi dasaxeldes.

bolo faqti ganxiluli iyo presaSi („alia saqarTvelodan“, 2003 wlis 6-7marti). Jurnalisti eWvobda, rom aseTi tipis kontraqtebis dadebamikerZoebiT xdeba. sagzao departamentis erT-erTma moxelem ar gamoricxaaseTi SesaZlebloba. man ganmarta isic, ratom moxda konkretuli Sesyidvisdros limitis gadaWarbeba. misi TqmiT, adgilobrivi gzebis movla-Senaxvaraionis SemosavlebiT xdeba. man aRiara, rom Sesyidvis sxva meTodi undagamoyenebuliyo, magram Tanxebi erTdroulad ar Semodis da winaswar Zneliamisi moculobis gansazRvra. Aase magaliTad, am raionSi winaswar dagegmiliiyo Semosavlis miReba 30000-40000 laris odenobiT, magram uecrad metiSemosavali iqna amoRebuli da, faqtobrivad, samuSaoebi gagrZeldaproceduruli moTxovnebis darRvevis miuxedavad. aRsaniSnavia isic, romqalaqSi realurad forsmaJoruli situacia iyo. magram, xom dairRvaokanoni “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” - daayena sakiTxi Jurnalistma.moxelem gulubryvilod upasuxa, rom isini yovelTvis akeTebdnen Tavissaqmes, sanam es kanoni ZalaSi Sevidoda. ra mniSvneloba aqvs saqmes vingaakeTebs.

„debulebis“ mixedviT (muxli 4, punqti 4), Tu Sesyidvis obieqtis savaraudoRirebuleba aRemateba 5000 lars, saxelmwifo Sesyidvis mosamzadebelisamuSaoebis dasrulebisTanave (erT pirTan molaparakebis SemTxvevaSi -molaparakebis dawyebamde) Semsyidveli organizacia valdebulia, Sesyidvisproceduris dawyebis Sesaxeb acnobos saagentos.


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aseTi darRvevebis aRmoCenisas saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentom undamimarTos kontrolis palatas („debulebis“ 31-e muxli) an unda miiRossxva zomebi. rogorc Sesyidvebis saagentoSi erT-erT Jurnalists ganucxades,administraciuli kodeqsis mixedviT reagireba unda moxdes faqtisgamovlenidan 2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi. organizacia Tavis kvartalur angari-SebSi ar atyobinebs saagentos cvlilebebis Sesaxeb da am ukanasknelsmxolod wlis bolos ayeneben faqtis winaSe.

xsenebuli naklovanebebis erT-erTi mizezia garkveuli Seusabamoba sagzaodepartamentis satendero dokumentaciasa da kanonis moTxovnebs Soris.seqtoris warmomadgenlebTan saubrebis dros aRiniSna, rom kanonisa da„debulebis“ moTxovnebi zedmetad detalizebulia; didi dro ixarjebaangariSebis momzadebaze; seqtoris specifikis gamo SeuZlebelia, winaswargansazRvro yvela wvrilmani da amis gamo drodadro Tavs iCens monacemTaSeusabamoba dagegmvisa da Sesrulebis angariSebSi.

„sjobs, iyos meti ndoba da araa aucilebeli, yovel cvlilebaze angariSiiwerebodes“, - Tqva erT-erTma gamokiTxulma. „Cven daviRaleT dausrulebelida uSedego SemowmebebiT,” - ambobs meore respondenti.

Sesyidvebis saagento aqtiur mimoweras awarmoebs sagzao departamentTan,ramac garkveuli Sedegi gamoiRo _ departamentSi Catarda rigiRonisZiebebisa. igive SeiZleba iTqvas kontrolis palatis Semowmebebze,riTac impulsi mieca seqtorSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis praqtikisganviTarebas. 2002 wlis maisSi departamentma miiRo specialuri dadgenileba,romlis mizani iyo Sesyidvebis procedurebze kontrolis gaZliereba.meore dadgenileba miznad isaxavda kontraqtTa gaformebis praqtikisgaumjobesebas da “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonis moTxovnebTanmis srul Sesabamisobas. departamentis zogma moxelem gaiara Sesyidvebisorganizaciis specialuri treningi.

sagulisxmoa, rom kontrolis palatis Semowmebisas arc erTxel ar aRmoCndaseriozuli darRveva da departamentis xelmZRvanelis brZanebebi, romlebicam Semowmebebis Sedegebs mieZRvna, ar gamoirCeoda simkacriT. amasTandakavSirebiT aRsaniSnavia saerTaSoriso organizacia Transparency International-is mier sagzao meurneobaSi Catarebuli samoqalaqo monitoringi (2002 weli).misi angariSi gamoirCeva kategoriulobiT da kritikulad afasebsmakontrolebeli organoebis saqmianobas, romlebmac, avtorTa azriT, argamoiCines saTanado keTilsindisiereba sagzao meurneobaSi arsebulimdgomareobis Seswavlisas. mosazreba imis Taobaze, rom seqtors aqvsxelSeuxeblobis garantia xelisuflebisagan da daculia rogorcsamoqalaqo, ise saxelmwifo kontrolisagan, araerTxel gamoiTqva sagazeTopublikaciebSi. magaliTad, erT-erT statiaSi aRwerili iyo 1998 welsdepartamentis mesveurebis mier kontrolis palatis TanamSromlebismoqrTamvis faqti. CvenTan Sexvedrebisas Jurnalistebi saubrobdnenaprobirebul qarTul xerxze, restoranSi dapatiJebaze, romelsacdepartamentis warmomadgenlebi xSirad mimarTaven. saqmeSi CauxedavikacisaTvis Znelia gaarCios, saqme stumarTmoyvareobis gamoxatvasTan gvaqvs


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Tu moqrTamvis mcdelobasTan. ucxoeli specialistebi, romlebicSesrulebul samuSaoTa xarisxis kontrols awarmoeben (igulisxmebasaerTaSoriso kreditebis aTviseba), mudmivad imyofebian aseTi mopatiJebebispresis qveS.

kvlevis procesSi kontaqtebi gvqonda im JurnalistebTan, romlebmacaraerTxel gamoiZies seqtorSi arsebuli darRvevebi. Cven Segnebulad argvicdia maTi daskvnebis daknineba an maTTvis gadaWarbebuli mniSvnelobisminiWeba, radgan gamoricxuli ar iyo maTze politikuri simpaTiebis gavlena.zogierTma Jurnalistma publikaciebSi seriozuli Secdomebi dauSva. amismiuxedavad, Jurnalistebis mosazrebebi mainc faseulia, raki avtorebs axloSexeba aqvT Cveni kvlevis problematikasTan.

10.1.3 reformebi: realuri Tu moCvenebiTi?

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentoSi sagzao seqtorSi moRvawe mimwodeblebisuflebaTa darRvevis Sesaxeb arc erTi saCivari ar aris registrirebuli.saagentos “cxeli xazi”dums. niSnavs Tu ara es imas, rom reformebi sagzaoseqtorSi, kerZod, Sesyidvebis sferoSi daubrkoleblad mimdinareobs?

Sesyidvebis sworad warmarTvis winapirobad miCneulia TviT seqtorSiefeqturi reformebis Catareba. Pprezidentis brZanebulebis Sesabamisad,departamentis zogierT qvedanayofs miekuTvna sajaro samarTlisiuridiuli piris statusi. gzis movla-mopirkeTebis organizaciaTa 80% dasamSeneblo organizaciaTa 100% ki sadReisod privatizebulia.

ras fiqroben amis Sesaxeb TviTon respondentebi? yvela, vinc kompaniebswarmoadgenda, miesalmeboda seqtorSi danergil siaxleebs. amasTanave, maTar gamouxatavT didi aRfrTovaneba, rodesac kiTxvebi reformebis SedegebsSeexo. “gansakuTrebuli araferi momxdara”, “kompaniebi Zveleburad ariandamokidebulni departamentze”, “yvelaferi gakeTda ucxoeli kreditorebisdaJinebis gamo, vinaidan isini amjobineben, saqme damoukidebel struqturebTaniqonion”, - iyo pasuxebi. “seqtori ZveleburadDukiduresad centralizebulia”- aseTi iyo gamoTqmuli azri.

zogierTma gamokiTxulma sinanuliT gaixsena sabWouri warsuli, rodesacseqtors centri uxvad afinansebda da teqnikiT Tu samSeneblo masaliTacamaragebda. dRes kompaniebs Tavad uwevT zrunva yovelive amaze, fasebi kikatastrofulad gaizarda. adre erTi tona asfaltis fasi 34 rubli iyo,dRes ki 50 dolaria. arsebobs saTadarigo nawilebis problema. xdeba ise,rom gamouval situaciaSi myofi kompaniebi iZulebulni arian, SeiZinonarasertificirebuli saTadarigo nawilebi.

kompaniebi bitums iZenen iransa da azerbaijanSi. es maT mZime mdgomareobaSiagdebs, raki urTierToba uwevT iseT korumpirebul da mouqnelstruqturasTan, rogoric sabaJo departamentia. “cementi Semomaqvs ruseTidan,- gviTxra erT-erTma respondentma, - Cemi Sps zaraldeba biurokratiuli


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xrikebis gamo, amave mizeziT saqonliT datvirTuli vagonebi terminalSiferxdeba”. kompaniebis kidev erTi Tavsatexi aranakleb korumpirebulstruqturasTan, sagadasaxado samsaxurTan urTierTobaa.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, sagzao seqtori warmoadgens daxurul, klanurstruqturas. aqedan gamomdinare, is SeiZleba ganvixiloT, rogorc korufciiskera. meore mxriv, dasaSvebia isic, rom seqtorSi arsebuli tradiciebixels uwyobs korporaciuli urTierTobebis ganviTarebas. interviuebSi esgaremoeba araerTxel iyo aqcentirebuli: “Cven erTi ojaxi varT, gvakavSirebsmravalwliani TanamSromloba da yvela problemas erToblivad vwyvetT”- es azri laitmotivad gasdevda yvela gamokiTxvas.

gadaWriT ver vityviT, rom aseTi sentimentebi akninebs profesiul eTikasada samarTliani konkurenciis principebs. meore mxriv, aseTi “Temuri” si-stema, romelSic did mniSvnelobas iZens pirovnuli urTierTobani, SeiZlebagaxdes interesTa konfliqtisa da kanondarRvevis safuZveli.

saerTod aseTi sistemebi orientirebulia gaTanabrebis principze. esSeiZleba gamarTlebuli iyos im situaciaSi, rodesac mTeli seqtori mZimemdgomareobaSia da racionaluria, rom yvelas gaewios Tanabari daxmareba.“erTmaneTs unda davexmaroT” - iyo tipuri pasuxi.

seqtorSi arsebuli situacia xels uwyobs am principis Seuvalobas. aq,faqtobrivad, muSaobs 10-12 didi kompania da ar arsebobs konkurentuligaremo. am kompaniebs aqvT samrewvelo infrastruqtura regionebSi, racSesaZlebels xdis, daizogos dro da saxsrebi. tenderebSi es kompaniebiudavo favoritebi arian.

korporaciuli principis gamovlinebad unda CaiTvalos seqtorSiarakonkurentunariani, moZvelebuli teqnikis mqone da sustad aRWurvilikompaniebis dRemde moRvaweoba. aseTi kompaniebisTvis gaweuli daxmarebaRatak naTesavebze zrunvas waagavs. Cveulebriv, maTTan formdeba wvrilikontraqtebi. am kompaniebis specializacia garkveul regionebSi, garkveulmonakveTebze mimdinare gzis movla-Senaxvisa da SekeTebis samuSaoebiswarmoebaa. am samuSaoebSi dasaqmebulia adgilobrivi mosaxleoba.

eqspertebi sxva samSeneblo seqtoridan aqcents akeTeben korporativizmisnegatiur mxareebze. gamoiTqva mosazreba, rom wvril kompaniebTan mciremoculobis kontraqtebs deben, gamoiyeneba Sesyidvebis iseTi formebi,rogoricaa erT pirTan molaparakeba da daxuruli tenderi. nepotizmisalbaToba izrdeba. Tu Sesyidvebis obieqti ar aris detaluradwarmodgenili, arsebobs maqinaciebis SesaZlebloba.

rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, gzebis mSeneblobisa da Senaxvis samuSaoebisbazarze seqtoris decentralizaciis Semdeg sxva samSeneblo seqtoridanar Semosula arcerTi axali kompania. eqspertebi miiCneven, rom im pirobebSi,rodesac sagzao departaments gaaCnia Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebismonopoliuri SesaZleblobebi, is amJRavnebs korporaciul egoizms.


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sapasuxod gzis mSeneblebi miuTiTeben, rom mTavari siZnele, ris gamockompaniebi sxva samSeneblo seqtoridan sagzao bazarze SeRwevas veraxerxeben, aris is norma, romlis mixedviTac kompanias unda hqondes sagzaoseqtorSi muSaobis 5-wliani staJi. sagzao seqtoris warmomadgenlebi Tvlian,rom es moTxovna samarTliania. sxva samSeneblo seqtorebis warmo-madgenlebisaTvis ki igi miuRebelia da ganixileba, rogorc xelovnuradSeqmnili dabrkoleba, romelic xels uSlis seqtorSi jansaRi konkurenciisdamkvidrebas.

daisva kiTxva imis Taobazec, Tu ratom ar monawileoben saqarTveloSiCatarebul erovnul da saerTaSoriso tenderebSi ucxouri samSeneblokompaniebi. amis mizezad dasaxelebuli iyo Sesyidvebis mcire moculoba.gamonakliss warmoadgens rusuli kompania, romelmac 2001 wels tenderimoigo. bevr ucxoels hqonda Sesyiduli satendero paketi, magram tenderebSimonawileoba ar miuRia. ucxouri kompaniebi metad aqtiuroben sakonsultaciomomsaxurebisa da xarisxis kontrolis sferoebSi. amasTan, aRiarebulia,rom ucxouri kompaniebi bevrad ukeT arian aRWurvilni, vidre qarTulikompaniebi.

Cveni interviuebi garkveulwilad warmoadgenda seqtorSi satenderoprocesebis monitoringis mcdelobas da daisva kiTxvebi satendero komisiissaqmianobis Taobaze. samwuxarod, am kiTxvebze pasuxebi ar iyo amomwuravi.interviuebis dros aRiniSna kanonisa da “debulebis” darRvevis faqtebi,magram CamonaTvali aSkarad CamorCeboda saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentosada kontrolis palatis dokumentebSi mocemul nusxas.

kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebi damakmayofileblad afaseben satenderokomisiis saqmianobas da tenderebs samarTlianad Tvlian. isini miiCneven,rom satendero procedurebi sajaro, informacia da masalebi kixelmisawvdomi iyo. maTi azriT, ar momxdara romelime pretendentisdiskriminacia. departamentis moxeleebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofentenderebis organizacias, SeuZleblad Tvlian romelime pretendentismxridan raime gavlenas tenderis Sedegebze.

respondentebi ar ewinaaRmdegebian satendero komitetis Semadgenlobisgazrdas: “magram unda moxdes profesionalebis xarjze”, “samwuxarod,diletantebi yvelaze metad aqtiuroben” - iTqva maT mier. isic unda aRiniSnos,rom kompaniebis zogierTma xelmZRvanelma zustad ar icoda, ramdeniwevrisagan Sedgeboda satendero komiteti, arada, maT kompaniebs mogebulihqondaT mniSvnelovani tenderebi.

kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebma aRiares, rom seqtorSi aris korufcia, magramisini ar Tvlian, rom situacia am mxriv dramatulia. “korufcia seqtorSibevrad naklebia, vidre sxva sferoebSi” _ iyo saerTo pasuxi. erT-erTigamokiTxuli mohyva, Tu rogor gaaoca misi kolegebi ucxoeli specialistismonayolma imis Taobaze, Tu ra donis korufciaa im qveynebis sagzaomeurneobaSi, romlebic saqarTveloze ganviTarebul saxelmwifoebadiTvlebian.


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“otkatebis” Taobaze gvipasuxes, rom pretendentebi TavianT satenderowinadadebebSi cdiloben, warmoadgenon maqsimalurad dabali fasebiimisTvis, rom konkursSi gamarjvebis meti Sansi hqondeT. sxvagvarad tenderSimonawileobas azri ara aqvs.

amave dros, eqspertebs, romlebic ar warmoadgendnen sagzao seqtors,sapirispiro azri aqvT. isini Tvlian, rom satendero procedurebi(gansakuTrebiT erovnuli) formalur xasiaTs atarebs. iqmneba STabeWdileba,rom yvelaferi rigzea da yvela moTxovna daculia, magram sinamdvileSiyvelaferi winaswaraa gansazRvruli. TviTon gzis mSeneblebs ara aqvTsaTanado tenderebSi monawileobis gamocdileba. isini Riad laparakobenTavianTi satendero winadadebebis detalebze, rac, Cveulebriv, saidumlodunda inaxebodes. maT Soris xdeba sxvadasxva garigebebi.

aRiniSna isic, rom ar arsebobs Sesyidvebis procesis kontrolis meqanizmiforsmaJoruli situaciebis dros. geografiuli faqtoris gamo saqarTvelosgzebis meurneobaSi arsebobs forsmaJoruli situaciebis maRali albaToba(gansakuTrebiT zamTarSi M_ mTian regionebSi). am SemTxvevebisaTvis qveynisbiujetidan mniSvnelovani Tanxa gamoiyofa. magaliTisTvis, 2002 welsganxorcielda 2919000 laris Sesyidvebi.

am eqspertTa azriT, Cveulebriv moqalaqeebs hgoniaT, rom sagzao samuSaoebisdros korufcia masalebis moparviT Semoifargleba. sinamdvileSi kikorufciaa fasebis xelovnurad gaberva da “otkati”. es ukanasknelisaqarTveloSi Seadgens Sesyidvebis moculobis 10%-dan 40%-mde(araoficialuri informacia). aseT viTarebaSi kompaniebi iZulebulni arian,ufro Tavis gadarCenaze ifiqron, vidre saqmianobis xarisxze. ukmayofilebasxmamaRla aravin gamoxatavs da sistemidan gasvlas masSi monawileobasamjobinebs.

gadaumowmebeli informaciiT, sxva samSeneblo seqtorSi moRvawe kompaniebma,romlebic cdilobdnen gzis mSeneblobis bazarze SeRwevas, mogvianebiTxeli aiRes TavianT ganzraxvaze ara imdenad maRali konkurenciis, ramdenadacseqtorSi dawesebuli “otkatis” praqtikis gamo. amasTan, “otkatis” odenobamaTTvis ufro maRali iyo, vidre “Sinauri” kompaniebisaTvis.

ucxoel investorebs SeeZloT, biZgi miecaT seqtorSi reformebisa dajansaRi sabazro urTierTobebis ganviTarebisaTvis (rogorc es gaakeTesmsoflio bankma da quveiTis fondma), magram ucxoeli kerZo investorebidaafrTxo qarTveli Cinovnikebis korufciulma madam (Seumowmebeliinformacia).

yvela respondenti erTxmad adasturebs, rom saerTaSoriso tenderebmadidi samsaxuri gauwia sagzao seqtorSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis progresuliformebis danergvas. Tumca erT-erTma damoukidebelma eqspertma gamoTqvakritikuli SeniSvnebi msoflio bankis kreditebisTvis Catarebulitenderebis mimarT. misi azriT, komisiaSi unda Sesuliyvnen ara martosagzao departamentis mesveurebi, aramed sxva saxelmwifo struqturebisa


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da arasamTavrobo seqtoris warmomadgenlebic. Tavad eqspertebi da misikolegebi am procesis mxolod finalur stadiaze CarTes, rodesackonkursebis Sedegebi faqtobrivad garkveuli iyo. aqedan gamomdinare, isTvlis, rom tenderebi saTanadod sajaro ar aris.

eqspertma yuradReba gaamaxvila sxva garemoebazec. ar iyo aucilebeli,rom satendero winadadebebi wardgenili yofiliyo inglisur enaze. esdiskomforts uqmnida komisiis qarTvel wevrebs. misi azriT, satenderowinadadebis inglisur versias unda erTvodes qarTuli varianti.

amave respondentis azriT, 2001 wlis erT-erT tenders, romelic msofliobankis kreditisTvis Catarda, axlda naklovanebebi (igulisxmeba tenderi15 avtomobilis Sesyidvaze). komisiam ver SeZlo uzrunveleyo pretendentTaSoris jansaRi konkurencia da daedgina bazris adekvaturi fasebi. zogSemTxvevaSi SeTavazebuli fasi bevrad aRemateboda sabazro fass. iyoSesaZlebloba 1.2-1.5 milioni dolaris ekonomiisa, rac sakmarisi iqneboda10-11 kilometri gzis reabilitaciisTvis.

eqsperti aRniSnavs faqts, rodesac 2002 wlis aprilSi Catarebul tenderzeTiTqmis yvela lotze wardgenili iyo TiTo winadadeba, Tanac erTi daimave organizaciis mier, vinaidan saqarTvelos sxva kompaniebs SesabamisiaRWurviloba ar gaaCniaT. Ees viTareba am kompanias faqtiurad monopolistadaqcevs da saSualebas aZlevs, samuSaoebis Rirebuleba sakuTariSexedulebisamebr gansazRvros. Aaq ar unda gamoiricxos interesTakonfliqtic.

rogorc zemoT iTqva, tenderebis Catarebas win uswrebs ramdenime proce-dura, romelTac SeiZleba axldes korufciuli garigebebi. Ees SeiZlebamoxdes obieqtis aRweris, proeqtirebis stadiaze, saproeqto-xarjTaRricxviseqspertizis dros da a.S. Sedegad, SeiZleba xelovnurad gazardon Sesyidvisobieqtis fasi.

Segveqmna STabeWdileba, rom am samuSaoebs atarebs organizaciaTa Zalzeviwro wre, amasTan, isini warmoadgenen sagzao departamentis struqturaSiSemaval qvedanayofebs. Cven vikiTxeT, arsebobda Tu ara departamentisaganmet-naklebad “damoukidebeli” organizaciebi, romlebsac SeeZloTsamuSaoebis Sesruleba. kiTxvaze pirdapir pasuxs Tavi aarides da mxolodis gviTxres, rom warmatebul organizaciebs hyavT uaRresad kvalificiuriTanamSromlebi, aqvT kargi reputacia da amis gamo maT endobian ucxoelipartniorebi69 .

am mxriv Sesyidvebis winmswrebi situacia bevrad ar gansxvavdeba TviTonSesyidvebis procedurisagan, albaT, imitomac, rom seqtorSi momuSave sajarosamarTlis iuridiuli pirebis Sesaxeb debulebebSi ar aris mkafiodgansazRvruli saxelmwifos mier maTi kontrolis formebi da farglebi,

69 departamentis TanamSromelma gamoricxa satendero obieqtze fasis xelovnurad gazrdis faqti.departamentis sabWos sxdomebze, sadac proeqtebisa da maTi xarjTaRricxvis damtkiceba xdeba,mxolod imazea laparaki, fasebi ramenairad minimumamde Semcirdes.


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rac warmoadgens saqarTvelos “sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebisSesaxeb” kanonis me-6 muxlis darRvevas.

10.2 xarisxis kontroli

transportis seqtoris zogierTma gamokiTxulma warmomadgenelma ganacxada,rom Znelad Tu moiZebneba pirovneba, romelsac SeuZlia Tqvas, romsaqarTvelos gzebi Seesabameba saerTaSoriso standartebs.DgamoiTqvamosazreba, rom saqarTvelos ar Seswevs unari, ifunqcioniros, rogorcevropulma satransporto koridorma. es azri gamosWvioda neitralursaubrebSic. erT-erTma satransporto kompaniis direqtorma isic ki Tqva,rom prezidentidan dawyebuli, mZRoliT damTavrebuli, yvelas undarcxvenodes saqarTvelos gzebis dRevandeli mdgomareobis gamo.

rogor afaseben saqarTvelos gzebis xarisxs TviTon gzis mSeneblebi?saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis gzebis mdgomareoba TiTqmis yvelam dadebiTadSeafasa. Aamave dros, isini bevrad kritikulni iyvnen respublikuri damunicipaluri mniSvnelobis gzebze saubrisas. gamonakliss warmoadgensbolnisis raionSi arsebuli gzebi: raionis maRali sabiujeto Semosavlebiqmnis imis pirobas, rom gzebi normalur kondiciaSi iyos70 .

gamokiTxulTa TqmiT, Cven miviReT arcTu ise cudi memkvidreoba komunisturixanisagan, romelic ganiavda gzebis seqtoris daufinanseblobis gamo.mdgomareoba gamosworda ucxouri daxmarebis da ara saqarTvelos biujetisxelSewyobiT.

Zneli ar iyo gzebis xarisxis Semfasebeli eqspertebis moZebna. UundaiTqvas, rom ara marto transportis sferos warmomadgenlebma, Jurnalistebmada ubralo moqalaqeebmac gamoamJRavnes samSeneblo masalebisteqnologiuri niuansebis codna. erTma Jurnalistma gaixsena, rom rodesacTvals adevnebda gzis erT-erTi monakveTis SekeTebas, SeniSna, rogoreweodnen masalebis “ekonomias” mSeneblebi (“kviris palitra”, 4-10 ivnisi,2001). mogvianebiT man hkiTxa inJiners, SeiZleboda Tu ara erTi manqanaasfaltis yidva. “problema ar aris”, - miugo inJinerma da Tanxac dausaxela.

am mxriv simptomaturia rikoTis gvirabi. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT,specialuri avtomatebi damontaJda imisaTvis, rom amoRebuli gadasaxadisrulad moxmareboda gvirabis movla-Senaxvas. Jurnalistebi da parlamentiswevrebi Seecadnen, daeTvalaT Semosuli Semosavlebi. erT-erTma politikosmasaparlamento arCevnebis dros “rikoTis faqti” argumentad gamoiyenadepartamentis yofil ufrosTan diskusiaSi. saxeldeboda danakargebisgansxvavebuli cifrebi, magram erTi ram cxadi iyo: gvirabi umZimesmdgomareobaSia.

70 megzeveebi amjobineben isaubron saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis gzebis mdgomareobaze, romelicmiCneulia departamentis saqmianobis prioritetad, transportis muSakebi ki aqcents respublikurimniSvnelobisa da municipalur gzebze akeTeben. amiT aixsneba mkveTri gansxvaveba SefasebebSi.


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megzeveebma gamoTqves kmayofileba ucxoel partniorebTan TanamSromlobisgamo, romlebic kreditebis aTvisebis SeTanxmebis farglebSi TviTon awar-moeben xarisxis kontrols. isini gamoirCevian principulobiT, amasTan, maTixelfasebi bevrad aRemateba TviT departamentis Tavmjdomaris xelfass.

rogorc damoukidebelma eqspertma ganacxada, samuSaoebi, romlebicCatarebulia SeTanxmebis farglebSi, Seesabameba standartebs, Tumca gvxvdebadarRvevebic. gansakuTrebiT aRiniSna quTaisTan mdebare 2-kilometrianimonakveTi. muSaobis defeqti axsnili iyo cudi klimaturi pirobebiT, romelicdaemTxva samuSaoebis Catarebas. msoflio bankis warmomadgenlebma es azrigaiziares da defeqtebis registraciiT Semoifarglnen.

“Tu aseT naklovanebebs vawydebiT saerTaSoriso kreditebis aTvisebisas,warmoidgineT, ra xdeba, roca Sesyidvebi respublikuri biujetis xarjzeiwarmoeba!” – SeniSna imave eqspertma.

qvemoT moyvanilia tipuri an SesaZlo scenari imisa, Tu rogor aiZulebs“otkati” kompaniebs saxsrebis ekonomias, xSirad arakanonieri gziT, racgamoixateba masalebis falsifikaciaSi. teqnikuri dokumentaciiT dakontraqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli masalebis nacvlad, gamoiyeneba ufro iafi,naklebxarisxiani da moZvelebuli. SesaZlebelia manipulaciebi sabuRaltrodokumentaciaSic, rodesac xdeba masalebis realuri fasebis Semcireba damaRali gadasaxadebisTvis Tavis arideba. adgili SeiZleba hqondespersonalis xelfasiT da saoperacio (samuSao adgilze misi miyvanisa daganTavsebis) xarjebiT manipulacias.

zogjer, magaliTad, stiqiuri ubedurebis Semdeg droebiTi RonisZiebebisfarglebSi sruldeba samuSaoebis minimumi. mSeneblebi ar dagideven xarisxs.Sedegad, ar xdeba gzis sruli aRdgena da garkveuli drois Semdeg ismoiTxovs reabilitacias (romelsac xSirad igive kompania axorcielebs)an xdeba manipulacia manZiliT, rodesac karierebi mdebareobs ufro axlos,vidre es dokumentaciaSia naCvenebi da sxva. msgavsi xrikebis sia SeiZlebausasrulod gagrZeldes. nebismier SemTxvevaSi zaraldeba momxmarebeli.

saqarTveloSi arsebobs kompaniebi, romlebic daspecialebulni arianxarisxisa da Catarebuli samuSaoebis saproeqto moTxovnilebebTanSesabamisobis kontrolze. zogierTi maTgani warmoadgenda departamentisqvedanayofs. ucxoeli kreditorebis rekomendaciebiT, moxda maTiprivatizacia, raTa kontrolis procedura departamentisgan ufrodamoukidebeli gamxdariyo.

Seqmnilia specialuri inspeqtoratebi. maTi saqmianoba mTel qveyanas moicavs.inspeqtorebi akontroleben proeqtebis ganxorcielebas da xarjTaRricxvas.isini amtkiceben samuSaoebis dasrulebas, adgenen testebs da a.S. maTidaskvnebis safuZvelze xdeba Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis anazRaureba.inspeqtorati monawileobs samuSaoebis miReba-Cabarebis aqtis gaformebaSi.

xarisxis kontrolis procedurebSi sxva struqturebic monawileoben:dawyebuli saproeqto organizaciebiT, damTavrebuli avtoinspeqciiTa da


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adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebiT. gzebis xarisxs regularuladamowmebs kontrolis palata. specialuri kontrolis meqanizmebigaTvaliswinebulia kontraqtebSi. ase magaliTad, mimwodebelma TavisixarjebiT unda aanazRauros daSvebuli defeqtebi. erT-erTi kompaniisdireqtorma gviambo, rogor moipara adgilobrivma mosaxleobam sagzaoniSnebi da rogor mouxda am niSnebis yidva Tavad kompanias.

xarisxis makontrolebeli erT-erTi kompaniis xelmZRvanelis TqmiT, bolo5-8 wlis ganmavlobaSi isini miuaxlovdnen evropul standartebs. proeqtebisganxorcielebis disciplina mkveTrad gaizarda da misi indeqsi 90%-sSeadgens. man gamoricxa korufciis SesaZlebloba Tavis sferoSi. inJinrebsaqvT sakmaod maRali xelfasi (TveSi 300-500 lari), e.i. maTTvis aucileblobasar warmoadgens korufciaSi monawileoba. “saerTod, Cvens sferoSi arasodesiyvnen magnatebi”, - Tqva man.

amgvari kompaniebis Seqmna uTuod wingadadgmuli nabijia. amasTanave, isiniiseTive damokidebul mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen, rogorc sagzao seqtorSimoqmedi sxva Sps-ebi. miT ufro, rom intervius dros direqtors argamouxatavs Sps-ebis Seqmnis gamo didi aRfrTovaneba da am faqtsganixilavda, rogorc iZulebiT nabijs. drodadro is uneblieT saubrobda,rogorc departamentis moxele (misi adrindeli statusi).

menejments, romelic dafuZnebulia Zlier korporaciul principebze, aqvsnegatiuri da pozitiuri mxareebi. is SeiZleba iyos funqcionaluri, rodesacsistema dgas sruli kolafsis winaSe. misi mizania, SeaCeros degradaciisprocesi, magram SeiZleba daamuxruWos konkurenciis ganviTareba da saerTodseqtoris reformirebac.

faqtobrivad, sagzao meurneobam moaxerxa da Tavi daaRwia 90-iani wlebisganukiTxaobas, magram es moxerxda marTvis Zveli sistemis wyalobiT. mxolodsaerTaSoriso organizaciebisT iniciativiT gaxda SesaZlebeli seqtorisrestruqturizacia. dRes is dgas ufro Zireul da efeqtur reformaTaaucileblobis winaSe.

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11 daskvnebi

11.1 korufcia, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi da gare kontroli

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtori qveynis ekonomikis erT-erT yvelaze Caketilsegments warmoadgens. gadawyvetilebis miRebisa da kontrolisuflebamosilebaTa erT uwyebaSi koncentraciam nayofieri niadagi SeuqmnasaqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi korufciis gavrcelebas.

amJamad ssgsd uflebamosilia, SeimuSaos ssf-s Semosavlebis gegma,gaakontrolos misi Sesruleba da ssf-s sagadasaxado ganyofilebebismeSveobiT akrifos gadasaxadebi; SeimuSaos danaxarjebis gegma dasurvilisamebr gankargos ssf-s Semosavlebi; SearCios menardeni sagzaosamuSaoebisaTvis; ganaxorcielos menardeTa mier samuSaos Sesrulebiszedamxedveloba da xarisxis kontroli; miiRos Sesrulebuli samuSao.

saxelmwifos mier miniWebuli aseTi uflebamosilebebisa da saqarTveloSididi moculobis sagzao samuSaoebis alternatiuli momxmareblisararsebobis pirobebSi sagzao samSeneblo da movla-Senaxvis sawarmoebimTlianad ssgsd-ze arian damokidebuli.

ssgsd-sadmi am sawarmoTa uaRresi loialoba saTaves jer kidev sabWoTaepoqidan iRebs, anu imxanad samSeneblo sawarmoebs Zalze viwrospecializacia gaaCndaT, risi Sedegicaa sagzao samSeneblo da movla-Senaxvis sawarmoTa saxelmwifo sagzao administraciasTan (igi mogvianebiTssgsd-d gardaiqmna) mWidro urTierTobebi. formaluri privatizebismiuxedavad, es urTierTobebi dRemde SenarCunebulia. formalurio, vambobT,radgan miuxedavad gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis dargisprivatizebisa, saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi kerZo investiciebisararsebobis gamo dargi mTlianad saxelmwifo kontraqtebzea damokidebuli,isini ki mxolod ssgsd-sTan “kargi urTierTobebiTaa” xelmisawvdomi.Sedegad, sagzao mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis dargSi ver Camoyalibdakonkurentuli garemo da faqtobrivad SenarCunebulia mmarTvelobiscentralizebuli sistema. mis safuZvelze amoqmedda “otkatebis” meqanizmi(“otkatebi” sakontraqto Rirebulebis 10%-40% Seadgens), ssf-s saxsrebiukontrolod gaedineba da xels uwyobs korufciuli sistemis ganviTarebas.

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebSi aRmoCenili mTeli rigi kanon-darRvevebi cxadyofs, rom ssgsd ugulebelyofs arsebul kanonmdeblobasda iyenebs samuSaos ganawilebis Zvel meTodebs (zonalur princips):kontraqtebs aniWebs erT pirTan molaparakebas maSinac ki, rodesacsakontraqto Rirebuleba aWarbebs “saqarTvelos saxelmwifo SesyidvebisSesaxeb” kanoniT gansazRvrul Tanxas. im SemTxvevaSic, roca TiTqosdadaculia Sesyidvebis kanonieri principebi, TiTqmis SeuZlebelia kontroliim mcire proeqtebisa, romlebic zonaluri principiT da erT pirTan

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molaparakebis Sedegad gaicema. sakontraqto Tanxebi arasakmarisiadagegmili samuSaoebis Sesasruleblad, ris gamoc menardeebi saxsrebisfarglebSi “rac moxerxdeba”, imis gakeTebas cdiloben da kompleqsuriSemowmebis gareSe SeuZlebelia imis gageba, Tu ramdeni daixarja realurad.aseTi praqtika gansakuTrebiT damafiqrebelia, radgan arTulebs “otkatebis”gamovlenas.

“saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebiskonkursis wesiT ganxorcielebas sagzao samSeneblo da movla-SenaxvisdargSi konkurentuli garemos Camoyalibeba unda uzrunveleyo. Tumca,kvlevis Sedegad irkveva, rom ssgsd-s Sesyidvebis praqtikaSi sakonkursoprincipebma farTo gavrceleba ver hpova da ssgsd-s mier Catarebulitenderebi formaluri xasiaTisaa. amis ZiriTad mizezs saxelmwifoSesyidvebis maregulirebel kanonebSi arsebuli xarvezebi warmoadgens.

pirveli: korufciisa da “otkatebis” sistemis ganviTarebisaTvis nayofierniadags qmnis “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonSi arsebuli debule-bani satendero komisiis Semadgenlobis Sesaxeb. am kanonis Tanaxmad, komisiiswevrebi imave uwyebis TanamSromlebi arian, romelic sakonkurso SerCevisprocess warmarTavs. menardeTa SerCevis procesis Sidauwyebrivi warmarTvauzrunvelyofs TiTqmis urisko “otkatebs” gacemuli kontraqtebis sanacvlod.

meore: kanoni ar avaldebulebs tenderis Camtarebel saxelmwifo uwyebastenderis procedurebis zedamxedvelobisTvis damoukidebeli eqspertebisan sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTa mowvevas. es aris umniSvnelovanesixarvezi, ssgsd ki sajaroobisa da gare kontrolis naklebobas imiT xsnis,rom kanoni mas amas ar avaldebulebs.

mesame: saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento, romelic satendero procedurebisada Sesyidvebis monitoringisaTvis Seiqmna, uflebamosilia, sakonkursoprocesis Sefaseba mxolod post faqtum, tenderis Camtarebeli uwyebismier miwodebuli dokumentaciiT moaxdinos. am uwyebas ara aqvs imis saSualeba,rom tenderis monitoringi misi mimdinareobisas ganaxorcielos, darRvevebimyisierad gamoavlinos da maTze reagireba moaxdinos. es SezRudvebi xelsuSlis mTavrobas efeqturad akontrolos saxelmwifo saxsrebis xarjva.

ssf-sa da ssgsd-ze sajaro kontrolis meqanizmad ganixileboda ssf-sTansakonsultacio sabWosa da saprezidento programis farglebSi samTavrobokomisiis Camoyalibeba, ramac veranairi Sedegi ver gamoiRo. sabWoc dakomisiac mxolod formalurad arsebobs. es adasturebs, rom saqarTvelossagzao seqtoris efeqturi monitoringisa da misi xelSewyobisaTvis saWiroaprocesebSi dainteresebul mxareebis, maT Soris sxva uwyebebis, satransportoseqtorisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenelTa CarTva.

ssgsd-s gakontrolebas isic arTulebs, rom saxelmwifo makontrolebelida auditoruli uwyebebi an arakeTilsindisierad asruleben maTzedakisrebul funqciebs (kontrolis palata), an ar gaaCniaT saTanadosakanonmdeblo meqanizmebi (sSs). Sesabamisad, kontrolis palatis mierCatarebuli inspeqciebis angariSebSi naklebadaa ssgsd-sa da ssf-s qmedebaTa

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kanonierebis analizi da saTanado daskvnebi. metic, gamovlenilkanondarRvevebze makontrolebel organoTa zomebi xSirad ssgsd-sinformirebiT Semoifargleba, rac veranairad ver CaiTvleba efeqtur zomadTanamdebobis pirTa ukanono qmedebis winaaRmdeg. ra gasakviria, rom aRniSnulSetyobinebebze ssgsd reagirebda gafrTxilebebiTa da pasuxismgebel pirTamkacrad dasjis dapirebiT. imedia, axali mTavrobisa da ssgsd-s axaliTavmjdomaris mosvliT mdgomareoba Seicvleba.

rogorc ukve iTqva, korufciis done ucxoel donorTa mier dafinansebulproeqtebSi ufro dabalia, vidre ssgsd-s proeqtebSi. es Sesyidvebisprocedurebis gamWvirvalobiTa da kerZo menardeebis mier ganxorcielebuliukeTesi kontroliT aixsneba. kvlevis dros mopovebuli informaciiT, donor-Ta mier dafinansebul proeqtebSi korufcia ZiriTadad satendero winada-debebSi fasebis xelovnurad gazrdisa da “otkatebis” formiT gvxvdeba.

11.2 finansebi da gadasaxadebis akrefa

1992 wlidan moyolebuli, saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris dafinansebaarasakmarisi iyo. msoflio bankis konsultantis gaTvlebiT saqarTvelossagzao qselis reabilitaciisaTvis (adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebisgarda) 560 milioni aSS dolari, xolo aRdgenili gzebis saTanado movla-SenaxvisTvis yovelwliurad damatebiT 100 milioni aSS dolaria saWiro.ssgsd-s Semosavlebi dagegmil odenobaze gacilebiT naklebi iyo damaqsimalur odenobas _ 46890 milion lars (daaxloebiT 23.4 milion aSSdolars), Tu ar CavTvliT ucxouri daxmarebas, 1998 wels miaRwia.

ssf-s, rogorc ssgsd-s qvemdebare organizaciis CamoyalibebiT ssgsd-sxelsayreli pirobebi Seeqmna, romlebic ver iqna seqtoris sasargeblodgamoyenebuli. miuxedavad imisa, rom miRweuli iqna garkveuli Sedegebi daamJamad ssgsd met-naklebad stabilur Semosavlebs iRebs, es namdvilad araris sakmarisi. kvlevis Sedegebma dagvanaxa, rom amas aqvs ramdenime mizezi.

pirveli is aris, rom saqarTveloSi ssf erTaderTi sagadasaxado uwyebaa,romelic ara finansTa saministros, aramed sagadasaxado Semosavlebissaboloo momxmarebels - ssgsd-s eqvemdebareba. es niSnavs, rom ssgsd ssf-sTvis adgens Semosavlebis gegmas, romelsac finansTa saministro winawlis gegmis Sesrulebis safuZvelze amtkicebs. ssgsd-s struqturaSisagadasaxado uwyebis arseboba mas uflebas aZlevs, Seqmnas TanamSromelTamaterialuri stimulirebis sistema, romelic gadasaxadebis mobilizaciisxarisxzea damokidebuli. aseTi pirobebi nayofier niadags qmnis koruf-ciisaTvis da xels uSlis ufro maRali Semosavlebis dagegmvas. realurad,SesaZlebelze dabali odenobis Semosavlebis dagegmviT ssgsd uzrun-velyofs rogorc gegmis Sesrulebas da TanamSromelTa materialur stimu-lirebas, ise gegmis gadametebiT miRebuli Semosavlebis sakuTari Sexedu-lebisamebr gamoyenebas. gansakuTrebul SeSfoTebas iwvevs is faqti, romar xdeba Semosavlebis gamoTvla ssf-s sagadasaxado bazidan gamomdinare.

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sagadasaxado Semosavlebis akrefa da gadasaxadebis amkref ganyofilebaTamuSaoba ufro advili Sesafasebeli iqneboda, ssf finansTa saministrosdaqvemdebarebaSi myofi sagadasaxado uwyeba rom iyos an sagzaogadasaxadebis akrefa sagadasaxado departamentis mier xorcieldebodesda ssgsd-s dafinanseba centraluri biujetidan xdebodes. mniSvnelovaniais garemoeba, rom mxolod ssgsd unda iyos uflebamosili, gankargossagzao gadasaxadebiT miRebuli Semosavlebi da marTos Tu daafinansossaqarTvelos sagzao seqtori. sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefis uflebamosile-bis sagadasaxado departamentisaTvis gadacemis sasargeblod metyvelebsis garemoeba, rom mas xelewifeba, ganaxorcielos auditi kerZo kompaniebSida gadauxdelobis SemTxvevaSi saWiro samarTlebrivi zomebi miiRos. amisufleba ki ssf-s ar gaaCnia. garda amisa, sagadasaxado departaments aqvsukeTesi resursebi, maT Soris ufro zusti statistikuri monacemebi,ganyofilebebi saqarTvelos yvela regionSi da saWiro teqnikuri aRWurvi-loba. dResdReobiT ssf statistikuri monacemebis misaRebad da saeWvosawarmoTa auditisaTvis sagadasaxado departaments mimarTavs. es damatebiTbiurokratiul procedurebs moiTxovs, amcirebs gadasaxadis akrefisefeqturobas da aiZulebs kerZo sawarmoebs, erTis magivrad gadasaxadisamkref or uwyebasTan iqonion saqme.

meore: rogorc qarTvelma da ucxoelma eqspertebma aRniSnes, sagzaogadasaxadi miznobrivia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu is uSualod ukavSirdebagzis gamoyenebas. saqarTveloSi arsebul sagzao gadasaxadebs Sorisaa“saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi”,romelic wliuri brunvis mixedviT iangariSeba da diferencirebuliasawarmos saxeobis mixedviT, rac gadamxdelTa winaaRmdegobas iwvevs. gardaamisa, saqarTveloSi Zalze Zneli da araefeqtiania iseTi gadasaxadebisadministrireba, romlebic brunvis mixedviT iangariSeba, radgan ar arsebobssando statistikuri monacemebi sawarmoTa brunvis moculobis Sesaxeb daqveyanaSi Crdilovani ekonomikis wili Zalze didia. Sesabamisad, ssf-sSemosavlebi gaizrdeba, Tu “saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiTsargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi” ufro pirdapiri, ekonomikurad gamarTlebuligadasaxadiT Seicvleba, magaliTad, gaizrdeba gadasaxadi benzinsa dadizelis sawvavze.

mesame: sagzao gadasaxadebis amkrefi uwyebebi, ssf, sagadasaxado da sabaJodepartamentebi naklebad TanamSromloben erTmaneTTan, rac ZalzeuaryofiTad aisaxeba ssf-s Semosavlebze. amis mizezia is, rom ssf,sagadasaxado da sabaJo departamentebi sxvadasxva samTavrobo uwyebebismimarT arian angariSvaldebulni da Semosavlebis sakuTari gegmebi aqvT.raki saqarTveloSi aradamakmayofilebelia gadasaxadebis akrefisadministrireba, xolo sazogadoebrivi da saxelmwifo zewola sagadasaxadoda sabaJo departamentebze gacilebiT didia, isini yovelTvis ecdebian,upirvelesad sakuTari gegma Seasrulon, Tundac ssf-s xarjze. sagadasaxadoda sabaJo departamentebSi arsebuli korufcia, risi Sedegicaa ssf-saTvisarazusti monacemebis miwodeba da ssf-s mier gamovlenili darRvevebisugulebelyofa, ssf-s dabali Semosavlebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mizezia.

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kanonmdeblobis, gansakuTrebiT sagadasaxado kodeqsis xSiri da usistemocvlileba, aZnelebs ssf-s Semosavlebisa da momdevno wlis samuSaoTadagegmvas. igi aryevs ssgsd-s finansur safuZvels Seusabamosa dawinaaRmdegobrivs xdis maregulirebel aqtebs da aferxebs kanonis dacvas.

gzebis garkveul monakveTebze safasuris daweseba msoflioSi cnobilpraqtikas warmoadgens da misi gamoyeneba saqarTveloSi ramdenime adgilzeSeiZleboda (iq, sadac alternatiuli ufaso gza arsebobs). es xelsSeuwyobda Semosavlebis zrdas da gzebis am monakveTebis ukeT movla-Senaxvas. magram eqsperimenti, romelic rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobazemosakreblis dawesebas gulisxmobs, didad warmatebuli ver gamodga. saWirodanadgarebis damontaJebis miuxedavad, Semowmebebis Sedegad araerTidarRveva gamovlinda, rac ganamtkicebs im mosazrebas, rom gvirabiTsargeblobis mosakrebeli ukanono Semosavlis kidev erT wyarod iqca.amave dros, resursebis simciris gamo gvirabi isev mouvleli daSeukeTebelia. aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTveloSi fasiani saxelmwifo gzebisSemoReba, albaT, im dromde unda gadaidos, vidre mosakreblis sruladakrefa da efeqturi kontroli ar moxerxdeba.

11.3 ssgsd-s funqciebis Sesruleba

ssgsd-m Tavisi funqciebis Sesrulebas Tavi ver gaarTva. dRemde ssgsdmxolod saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris regulirebasa da qveynis sagzaoqselis movla-Senaxvaze amaxvilebda yuradRebas. magram ssgsd-m ugulebelyomisi mTavari funqcia - seqtoris ganviTareba da masSi saxelmwifo politikisgatareba. ar SeiniSneba saqarTvelos sagzao qselis ganviTarebisa damovla-Senaxvis strategia, erTiani socialur-ekonomikuri xedva, mecnierul-teqnikuri miRwevebis sagzao seqtorSi danergvis aranairi niSani. sagzaoseqtoris mdgradi ganviTarebisaTvis ki saWiroa grZelvadiani programisarseboba, misi ganxorcielebis analizi da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi programismodificireba.

grZelvadiani programis Seqmnis erTaderT mcdelobas saqarTvelos gzebisreabilitaciisa da modernizaciis 1996 wlis saprezidento programawarmoadgens. aRniSnuli programis ganxorcieleba Tavidanve SeuZlebeliSeiqna. miuxedavad imisa, rom pirveli 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi deficitma 400milion lars miaRwia, ssgsd-m da mTavrobam ar aRiara programisSeusabamoba.Mmetic, misi ararealurobiT xSirad ioli amocanebisgadauWrelobasac amarTleben.

ssgsd-m ver Seasrula sxva mniSvnelovani valdebulebebic: saqarTvelosmosaxleobisa da ekonomikis sagzao komunikaciebiT uzrunvelyofa; sagzaomoZraobis usafrTxoebis asamaRleblad sagzao policiasTan TanamSromloba;saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi warmoebis Tanamedrove meTodebis danergva;“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis mixedviT gzebis gaswvrivinfrastruqturis ganviTarebis regulireba.

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11.4 saqarTveloSi gzebis mdgomareoba da xarisxiskontroli

saqarTvelos sagzao qselis mZime mdgomareoba maTi reabilitaciisa damovla-SenaxvisaTvis saWiro resursebis naklebobiT aixsneba. adgilobrivda Sidasaxelmwifoebriv gzebTan SedarebiT, saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobisgzebi gacilebiT ukeTes dReSia. saerTaSoriso gzebis - saqarTvelosmezobel qveynebTan damakavSirebeli ZiriTadi marSrutebis ukeTesi movla-Senaxvis mizezi saqarTvelos mier trasekas farglebSi nakisrivaldebulebebi gaxlavT, aseve is faqti, rom saqarTvelos satranzitoqveynad ganviTareba didi xnis ganmavlobaSi saxelmwifo politikisprioritets warmoadgenda. bolo wlebis manZilze saerTaSoriso gzebiSekeTda, zogierT monakveTze ki reabilitaciac ganxorcielda.

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi gzebis mdgomareoba gacilebiT mZimea da aq iSviaTadtardeba perioduli movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebi. savalalo mdgomareobaSiaadgilobrivi gzebi, romlebic sabWoTa periodSi mcire dasaxlebebsakavSirebda, isini gruntis gzebad iqca an saerTod ganadgurda.

ssgsd-s resursebis simciris gaTvaliswinebiT, saWiroa samuSaoebismarTebuli SerCeva da xarisxis umkacresi kontroli. umniSvnelovanesiaucxouri grantebisa da kreditebis saxiT miRebuli Tanxebis miznobriviaTviseba. is faqti, rom ucxouri daxmarebis didi nawili gzebisreabilitaciis magivrad movla-Senaxvis periodul samuSaoebs xmardeba,qarTvelma da ucxoelma eqspertebma araerTxel gaakritikes. SekeTebuligzebis saeqspluatacio vada gacilebiT naklebia, vidre reabilitirebuligzebisa, Tanac reabilitaciis Semdeg maTi movla-Senaxva gacilebiT iafijdeba. ssgsd-s mier movla-Senaxvaze aqcentis gakeTebam aseTi Sedegi gamoiRo:gzis mravali monakveTi, romelzec 2001-2002 wlebSi msoflio bankis kreditiTSekeTebis samuSaoebi Catarda, TiTqmis igive mdgomareobaSia, rogorSicSekeTebamde iyo. aqedan gamomdinare, nasesxebi Tanxebis moklevadianSekeTebaze xarjva gaumarTlebelia. amiT izrdeba sagareo vali, racsaqarTvelos momaval Taobebs mZime tvirTad daawveba.

xSirad ssgsd-s mier movla-SenaxvisTvis upiratesobis miniWebas safuZvladkorufcia da nepotizmi udevs. movla-SekeTebis samuSaoebze gaweulidanaxarjebi gacilebiT Zneli gasakontrolebelia, rac menardeebs ukanonomogebas aZlevs. parlamentSic ssgsd-s mier ucxouri kreditebis araefeqturixarjvis magaliTad dasaxelda garkveuli saxeobis sagzao samuSaoebiszogierTi sawarmos mier monopolizebis sakiTxi, romelic sargeblobsprivilegirebuli mdgomareobiT da maRal fasebs awesebs.

iTvleba, rom adgilobrivad dafinansebuli proeqtebisagan gansxvavebiTucxouri kreditebiT dafinansebuli samuSaoebis xarisxis kontroligacilebiT ukeTesia. es ufro jansaRi konkurenciiTa da, rac ufromniSvnelovania, ucxoeli menardeebis mier proeqtebis zedamxedvelobiTaixsneba. aseTi proeqtebis xarisxis kontroli qarTveli qvemenardeebismier xorcieldeba, romlebic angariSvaldebulni arian ucxoeli

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zedamxedvelebis winaSe. Tumca, SekeTebul monakveTebze mainc aRmoCndamcire defeqtebi, miuxedavad amisa, xarisxis darRvevebisa da samSeneblomasalebis datacebis masStabebi gacilebiT naklebia.

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis dros aRmoCenili kanondarRvevebis gaTvaliswinebiT,gaumarTlebelia xarisxis kontrolisa da Catarebuli samuSaoebis miRebismxolod ssgsd-s gankargulebaSi datoveba. kvlevis Sedegebi cxadyofs,rom ssgsd-s arasdros ganuxorcielebia xarisxis saTanado kontroli;mcire kontraqtebze ki amgvari kontroli saerTod ar xdeba. Sedegad,saqarTvelos mosaxleoba iRebs gzas, romelic imdenad uxarisxoa, romgaCenil napralebSi pirvelive wvimis Semdeg balaxi iwyebs amosvlas.

es imas ar niSnavs, rom ssgsd-s ar unda SeeZlos sagzao samuSaoTa xarisxiskontroli. rogorc SemkveTs, ssgsd-s unda hqondes ufleba, SeamowmosmenardeTa muSaobis mimdinareoba da samuSaoTa xarisxi, magram amaSi undamonawileobdes mesame mxarec _ xarisxis kontrolze orientirebuli kerZokompania an arasamTavrobo organizacia. maTi SerCeva Ria tenderissaSualebiT unda moxdes da unda ganisazRvros iuridiuli pasuxismgeblobacdefeqtebis gamorCenis SemTxvevaSi. saamiso mzadyofna gamoTqvessatransporto sawarmoebmac. monitoringSi SesaZlebelia urbanizaciisada mSeneblobis saministros monawileobac.

erTi ram aSkaraa: rom arsebobdes sagzao samuSaoebis mkacri kontroli,Tundac arsebuli resursebis farglebSi, saqarTvelos gacilebiT ukeTesisagzao qseli eqneboda.

11.5 cudi gzebis negatiuri Sedegebi

Cven gagviWirda imis dazusteba, Tu ra Tanxebs kargavs saqarTvelo gzebiscudi mdgomareobis gamo, radgan amgvari monacemebi an saerTod ar arsebobs,an konfidencialuria. Sesabamisad, maTze xeli ar migviwvdeboda. gardaamisa, uaryofiTi gavlena yovelTvis cifrebSi ver aisaxeba.

saerTaSoriso doneze es gamoixateba imaSi, rom sagzao qselis cudimdgomareoba da sagzao infrastruqturis ganuviTarebloba aferxebstrasekas derefnis saqarTvelos monakveTis, Sesabamisad, mTlianad trasekasganviTarebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynisdabal konkurentunarianobas sxva faqtorebic ganapirobebs (daubalansebelisatarifo politika, korufcia sabaJoze, politikuri arastabiluroba, mZimekriminogenuri viTareba da sxva), bevri saqarTvelos marSruts Tavs sworedcudi gzebis gamo aridebs.

adgilobriv doneze saqarTvelos gaumarTavi sagzao qseli aferxebssatransporto bazris, maT Soris sagzao gadazidvebisa da samgzavrotransportirebis ganviTarebas. garda amisa, saqarTveloSi sagzao transportiwarmoadgens transportirebis ZiriTad saSualebas. satransporto seqtori-saTvis miyenebuli zarali gansakuTrebiT sagulisxmoa, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,

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rom saqarTveloSi sagzao gadasaxadebisa da mosakreblebis saxiTsatransporto sawarmoebi sxva sawarmoebze gacilebiT mets ixdian.

saqarTveloSi sagzao qselis, ufro zustad ki Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi daadgilobrivi gzebis savalalo mdgomareoba aferxebs qveynis admi-nistraciul, ekonomikur, kulturul centrebs Soris kavSirs. zogi dasaxlebasaerTod izolirebulia.

ekonomikuri danakargebis garda, romlebic gamowveulia qveynis teritoriazegadaadgilebis dabrkolebiT, rac, Tavis mxriv, problemebs uqmnis vaWrobas,mza produqciisa da sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis miwodebas, iwvevsmuSaxelis migracias, sagzao qselis ganuviTareblobas seriozulipolitikuri Sedegebic mohyveba, raki im adgilebis mosaxleoba, sadac kavSirigawyvetilia, Tavs “centridan” gariyulad Tvlis.

cudi gzebi da sagzao infrastruqturis gaumarTaoba xels uSlis turizmis,maT Soris avtoturizmis ganviTarebas saqarTveloSi – gasaTvaliswinebelia,rom turistebisaTvis mimzidveli mravali kulturuli Zegli daRirsSesaniSnaoba qveynis ZneladmisaRwev adgilebSi mdebareobs.

sagzao policiis informaciiT, cudi gzebi xSirad xdeba sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis mizezi. policiis oficialuri statistikurimonacemebi aRniSnul faqtebs ar asaxavs, radgan “saavtomobilo gzebisSesaxeb” kanonis Tanaxmad, sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis uSualo anerT-erT mizezad gzis aradamakmayofilebeli mdgomareobis dafiqsirebamxolod ssgsd-s warmomadgenlebis TandaswrebiT SeiZleba, rac iSviaTadxdeba. Sesabamisi statistikuri monacemebis nakleboba SeuZlebels xdisim saxifaTo sagzao monakveTebis gamovlenas, romlebzec maRalia sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis ricxvi. Sesabamisad, ar xdeba prevenciulizomebis gatareba. sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis dros mravali adamianiiRupeba an saxiCrdeba, sagzao xelmZRvanelobas ki aranairi pasuxi armoeTxoveba, Tundac misi braleuloba sagzao policiam daadasturos. sagzaoxelmZRvanelobis mier ar xdeba zaralis anazRaureba, rac “saavtomobilogzebis Sesaxeb” kanonSi arsebuli xarvezis Sedegia. arada, ssgsd-sa dasxva pasuxismgebel organoebs zaralis anazRaureba rom uwevdeT, gzebisxarisxzec izrunebdnen.

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, saqarTvelosaTvis sagzao qselisganuviTareblobiT miyenebuli zarali Zalze masStaburia saimisod, romugulebeliyoss. ssf-s sagadasaxado Semosavlebi da saxelmwifo biujetisagrZnoblad gaizrdeboda, sagzao qselis mdgomareoba romgamosworebuliyo. saxelmwifo Semosavlebis zrda rogorc garkveulidargebis ganviTarebiT (magaliTad, sagzao gadazidvebisa da mgzavrTatransportirebiT, turizmiT, satranzito transportirebiT da a.S.), iseqveyanaSi sakomunikacio infrastruqturis gaumjobesebiT miRweuli saerToekonomikuri ganviTarebis safuZvelze moxdeboda. amasTan, sakomunikacioinfrastruqturis ganviTarebiT gaadvildeboda arsebuli politikuridaZabulobis moxsna.

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saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi Seqmnili viTarebis gamosasworeblad CveniazriT, marTebulia Semdegi RonisZiebebis gatareba:

ssf unda gamoeyos ssgsd-s da finansTa saministros erTeulad unda Camoya-libdes an sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefis uflebamosileba sagadasaxadodepartaments unda gadaeces (garda im gadasaxadebisa, romlebic amJamadsabaJo departamentis mier ikrifeba). unda ganisazRvros sagzao gadasa-xadebiT miRebuli Semosavlebis miznobrioba, romelsac saqarTvelos sagzaoqselis reabilitacia da movla-Senaxva unda warmoadgendes; unda miiRwessagzao gadasaxadebis efeqturi administrireba; aRniSnulis Sedegad, ssgsdgadasaxadebis akrefaze kontrols veRar ganaxorcielebs, magram sul cotaimave odenobis dafinansebas miiRebs. imavdroulad, ssgsd-s eqneba stimuli,moaxdinos ssf-s sagadasaxado potencialis analizi da mosazrebebigamoTqvas sagadasaxado erTeulTa muSaobis Sesaxeb.

imis gamo, rom saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis sargeblobiTgadasaxadis administrireba arafeqturia da gadasaxadi ar ukavSirdebauSualod gzebis gamoyenebas, upriani iqneboda misi gauqmeba da sanacvlodbenzinsa da dizelze gadasaxadis gazrda.

saWiroa Sewydes arsebuli kanonmdeblobis, kerZod ki, sagadasaxado kodeqsisada sagzao gadasaxadebis maregulirebeli aqtebis xSiri cvla. miuxedavadimisa, rom es zogad problemas warmoadgens, kanonebis xSiri cvliT sagzaoseqtori gansakuTrebiT zaraldeba, radgan gadasaxadebTan da biujetTandakavSirebuli stabiluri kanonmdeblobis uqonlobis gamo, SeuZlebelixdeba momdevno wlis Semosavlebis odenobis gansazRvra.

unda moxerxdes saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi ucxouri investiciebismozidva. investiciebis mosazidad saqarTvelos mTavrobam unda SeasrulossaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT nakisri valdebulebebi.

sagzao qselis ganviTarebisa da sagzao seqtorisaTvis saWiro finansurisaxsrebis gasazrdelad ganxiluli unda iqnas kerZo fasiani gzebis SeqmnisSesaZlebloba. alternatiuli fasiani gzebis mSeneblobisaTvis ucxoelida adgilobrivi investorebis mozidva SesaZlebelia SeRavaTiani pirobebiT:grZelvadiani kontraqtebiT da garkveuli drois manZilze investorisTvisaRniSnuli gzebis mflobelobis uflebis gadacemiT. garda gzebis ukeTesixarisxisa, gzebis mSeneblobisa da movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebze alterna-tiuli damkveTis gamoCena xels Seuwyobs korufciasTan brZolas.

rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobaze mosakrebeli kerZo sawarmom unda akrifos,xolo miRebuli Semosavlebi gvirabis movla-Senaxvas unda moxmardes. gar-da amisa, mizanSewonilia ganadgurebis piras myofi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivida adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebis kerZo seqtoris warmomadgenlebis ansaTemo organizaciebisaTvis gadacema sakoncesio xelSekrulebis safuZvelze.

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saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi korufciis Sesamcireblad, meti sajaroobisada konkurentuli garemos Camosayalibeblad saWiroa Sesyidvebis proce-durebsa da sagzao samuSaoebis xarisxze sazogadoebrivi monitoringisdamkvidreba.

saqarTvelos “kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” seriozul cvlilebasmoiTxovs. pirveli: unda Seicvalos debulebebi satendero komisiebisSemadgenlobis Sesaxeb da savaldebulo unda gaxdes komisiebSi damou-kidebeli eqspertebis, satransporto seqtorisa da sazogadoebiswarmomadgenlebis CarTva. amasTanave, sakonkurso winadadebebi SeiZlebadaiyos or nawilad: teqnikur da finansur winadadebebad, romlebsacsxvadasxva, erTmaneTisgan damoukidebeli erTeulebi Seafaseben da winaswarganisazRvreba kriteriumebi, romelTa saSualebiTac saukeTeso winadadebaSeirCeva _ aseTi praqtika xSirad gamoiyeneba dasavleTSi didi samSenebloproeqtebis dros.

saxelmwifo SesyidvaTa saagentos unda mieniWos satendero procedurebiskontrolis ufleba, raTa man darRvevebis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi drouladmiiRos zomebi. Tavis sferoSi igi unda moqmedebdes, rogorc auditorulida samarTaldamcavi uwyebac.

kontraqtebis zonaluri ganawileba minimumamde unda davides. Cveni azriT,umjobesia mcire kontraqtebis ufro mozrdil kontraqtebad konsolidaciada maTze Ria tenderebis gamocxadeba, raTa mxolod im kompaniebma miiRonmovla-Senaxvis samuSaoebis grZelvadiani kontraqtebi, romlebsac aqvTsaTanado teqnikuri baza da gamocdileba. amiT xarisxis kontrolicgacilebiT ioli da efeqturi iqneboda.

ssgsd-s unda Camoscildes xarisxis kontrolis funqcia da, ucxourikreditebiT dafinansebuli proeqtebis msgavsad, es funqcia Ria tenderebissafuZvelze SerCeul kerZo sawarmoebs an arasamTavrobo organizaciebsunda gadaeces. sagzao samuSaoebze unda daiSvebodes damoukidebelimonitoringi. SesaZlebelia am procesSi urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobissaministros, rogorc makontrolebeli uwyebis CarTva.

kontrolis palatis an sxva auditoruli uwyebebis funqcioba mxoloddarRvevebis gamovleniT ar unda Semoifarglebodes: maT unda gadadgandamatebiTi nabijebi, raTa damnaSaveebi saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisSesabamisad daiasajon.

upriani iqneboda teqnikuri da marTvis unaris mqone axalgazrdaspecialistebis daqiraveba da ssgsd-sa da kerZo sawarmoebs Soristradiciuli urTierTobis aRmofxvra. finansur, Sesyidvebis, marTvisa daxarisxis kontrolis ganyofilebebSi mniSvnelovan Tanamdebobebzeupiratesoba, albaT, iseT xalxs unda mieniWos, romlebmac dasavleTSi miiResganaTleba an aqvT dasavlur kompaniebSi muSaobis gamocdileba.

sakonsultacio sabWoebs an samTavrobo komisiebs unda mieceT realuriuflebamosileba, raTa gavlena moaxdinon procesebze. isini unda dakom-

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pleqtdes iseTi xalxiT, vinc uSualod aris dainteresebuli sagzao seqtorisgamarTuli funqcionirebiT.

saqarTvelos sagzao seqtoris ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebelia, sajarodiqnas aRiarebuli 1996 wlis saqarTvelos gzebis reabilitaciisa damodernizaciis saprezidento programis warumatebloba da SemuSavdes axali,grZelvadiani programa, romelSic programis ganxorcielebisa, damodificirebis meqanizmebi Caideba. ssgsd-m sagzao sawarmoebTan yovel-dRiuri urTierTobis nacvlad, saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi erovnulipolitikis SemuSavebaze, koordinirebasa da ganxorcielebaze unda izrunos.

gansakuTrebuli Zalisxmevaa saWiro sxva samTavrobo uwyebebTan, kerZod,transportisa da kavSirgabmulobis saministrosTan, saavtomobilotransportis departamentTan, sagzao policiasTan, statistikis departamentTan,sabaJo departamentTan, sagadasaxado departamentTan, finansTa saminis-trosTan da adgilobrivi mmarTvelobisa da TviTmmarTvelobis organoebTanTanamSromlobis Camosayalibeblad da wamoWrili problemebis drouladda efeqturad gadasawyvetad.

usafrTxo sagzao moZraobis uzrunvelsayofad gzis aradamakmayofilebelimdgomareobiT gamowveuli sagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebisaTvis undaSemuSavdes da amoqmeddes ssgsd-s pasuxismgeblobis meqanizmebi. “saavto-mobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonSi unda Sevides Sesabamisi cvlilebebi, raTasagzao-satransporto SemTxvevebis gamomwvev mizezTa gamoZiebis ufleba-mosileba mTlianad sagzao policias an romelime damoukidebel sagamoZiebouwyebas gadaeces.

ukeTesi angariSgebis uzrunvelsayofad upriani iqneboda damoukidebeliarasamTavrobo organizaciebis, magaliTad, gzebis momxmarebelTa uflebebisdacvis asociaciis Camoyalibeba, romelic gzebis momxmarebelTa uflebebsdaicavdas.

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2003 wlis 23 noembris “vardebis revoluciis” kvalad Zireuli cvlilebebimimdinareobs saqarTvelos samTavrobo struqturebSi, maT SorissaqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentsa (ssgsd) dasaxelmwifo sagzao fondSi (ssf).

2003 wlis dekemberSi71 dainiSna ssgsd-s axali xelmZRvaneli, rasac mohyvamaRali Tanamdebobis xelmZRvaneli pirebis Secvla. ganyofilebebisufrosebisa da moadgileebis Tanamdebobebze movidnen axali kadrebi, Tumcateqnikuri da damxmare personali ZiriTadad ucvleli darCa. mimdinareobs

71 prezidentis movaleobis Semsruleblis brZaneba #1620, 16 dekemberi, 2003 weli

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saorganizacio struqturis gadasinjvac da axlo momavalSi mosalodneliamisi Secvla.

2004 wlis 11 Tebervals miRebuli iqna axali kanoni “saqarTvelos mTavrobisstruqturis, uflebamosilebisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb”, romlisTanaxmad ssgsd daeqvemdebara axladSeqmnil infrastruqturisa daganviTarebis saministros. ganxilvis procesSia ssgsd-s iuridiuli statusisSecvlac, maT Soris uwyebis “sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad” gardaqmnissakiTxi. “sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli subieqtis” statusi ssgsd-s metTavisuflebas mianiWebda struqturis, momuSaveTa raodenobis, saxelfasopolitikis gansazRvris, agreTve aRWurvilobis SeZenisa Tu grantebisa dakreditebis mopovebis TvalsazrisiT. es saSualebas miscems ssgsd-s, romigi orientirebuli iyos sagzao seqtorSi saxelmwifo politikis gatarebazeda ara Camoyalibebaze, rac SeiZleba miRweuli iqnes garkveuli funqciebis(mag. politikis formireba, saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi, teqnikuristandartebis SemuSaveba-damtkiceba da a.S.) infrastruqturisa da ganvi-Tarebis saministrosaTvis gadacemiT.

“saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanonSi 2003 wlis 31dekembers Setanili cvlilebebis72 Sedegad Semcirda sagzao gadasaxadebisraodenoba. 2004 wlis 1 ianvridan arsebobs mxolod oTxi saxis sagzaogadasaxadi: saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisTvisgadasaxadi, avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi,saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlis mosakrebeli da tvirTis gadametebisada avtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisgadasaxadi.

2004 wlis 1 martidan ssf-s CamoerTva gadasaxadebis akrefis funqcia dais finansTa saministros sagadasaxado ganyofilebas gadaeca. ssgsd-mSeinarCuna mxolod rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadismokrebis funqcia. yvela sagzao gadasaxadi gankuTvnilia ssgsd-sa da sagzaoseqtorisaTvis.

2003 wels ssgsd-s mTliani biujeti Seadgenda 50.2 milion lars, 2004 wlisianvar-martis periodSi73 ki ssgsd-s Semosavalma 12.398 lars miaRwia. 2003wlis ganmavlobaSi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisgadasaxadidan miRebuli Semosavali Seadgenda 18.75 milion lars, e.i. 1.563milion lars TveSi. axali xelmZRvanelobis dros am saxis gadasaxadidanmiRebuli Semosavali ianvar-Tebervlis periodSi 2.303 milion laramde(TveSi) gaizarda. miuxedavad imisa, rom martSi, e.i. gadasaxadebis mokrebisfunqciis sagadasaxado ganyofilebisaTvis gadacemidan pirvel TveSi,Semosavali 704.3 aTas laramde Semcirda, mosalodnelia gadasaxadebiTmiRebuli Semosavlis xelaxali mateba, vinaidan izrdeba sagadasaxadoganyofilebis mier sagzao gadasaxadebis mokrebis kontroli. 2004 wlis

72 Sesworeba #3179, “kanoni saqarTvelos sagzao fondis kanonSi cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb”, 31dekemberi, 2003 weli73 vinaidan saqarTveloSi saangariSo weli iwyeba 1 ianvars, wlis pirvel TveSi gadasaxadebismokrebis maCvenebeli SedarebiT dabalia.

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ianvris Semdeg rikoTis gvirabidan miRebuli Semosavali 60%-iT gaizarda,rac ganamtkicebs im mosazrebas, rom ssf-s Semosavlebis dabal donesganapirobebda ssgsd-s adrindeli administraciis mier gadasaxadebisaraefeqtiani mokreba da ssf-s Semosavlebis damalva.

ssgsd-m SeZlo wina administraciis dros dagrovili yvela davalianebisgastumreba. es moicavs: davalianebas sagzao samSeneblo kompaniebisadmiwina wels gaweuli samuSaoebisaTvis, msoflio bankisa da quveiTis fondismier gamoyofili kreditebis farglebSi ssgsd-s Tanadafinansebis wils,saerTaSoriso safinanso organizaciebisagan miRebuli sesxebis procents,pirvelad Tanxasa da jarimebs.

Seicvala Sesyidvebis praqtikisadmi ssgsd-s damokidebulebac. 2004 wlis 1ianvridan moyolebuli, Catarda 18 Ria tenderi. Tumca gaformda mxolod7 kontraqti, 11 tenderi uSedegod dasrulda konkurenciis simcirisa damaRali fasebis SemoTavazebis gamo, rac uprecedento movlenaa. rogorcCans, ssgsd-s administracias mtkiced aqvs gadawyvetili, aRmofxvrasSesyidvebis korufciuli praqtika, romelic aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSiarsebobda da realurad daamkvidros Sesyidvis sakonkurso principebi,Tundac es ganmeorebiTi tenderebis Catarebas da damatebiT xarjebsmoiTxovdes.

adgilobrivi da saxelmwifoTSorisi gzebis SekeTebaze 55 kontraqtigaformda (kontraqtis Rirebulebebi gansazRvrulia Sesyidvebis Sesaxebkanonis Sesabamisad) erT pirTan molaparakebis safuZvelze. ssgsd-sxelmZRvaneli pirebis cnobiT, maT daiwyes potenciuri kontraqtorebismier warmodgenili xarjTaRricxvebis Semowmeba. es sakmaod moulodneliaRmoCnda gzaTa mSeneblobis bevri kompaniisaTvis, romlebic miCveulniarian momsaxurebaze zedmetad maRali fasebis dawesebas da amiT axdenen“otkatis” kompensirebas. metic, axla winaswari gadaxda xdeba sabankogarantiebisa da sakontraqto pirobebis sruli dacviT.

nawilobriv gaumjobesda xarisxis kontrolis sistema. sagzao samuSaoebisTiToeuli kontraqti dRes ukve iTvaliswinebs erTwlian sagarantioperiods, romlis ganmavlobaSic menardeni valdebulni arian, yvela defeqtiTavianTi xarjebiT SeakeTon. ssgsd-sTan Seiqmna sagzao samuSaoebisxarisxis kontrolis specialuri komisia, xolo did proeqtebSi xarisxiskontroli xorcieldeba tenderis safuZvelze SeCeuli kerZo kompanie-bis mier. ssgsd-s informaciiT, axla, rodesac yvela menardes drouladuxdian, gacilebiT advilia xarisxis moTxovnebis dacva, rac adre TiTqmisugulebelyofili iyo.

ssgsd-s kidev erT warmatebad unda CaiTvalos (transportis reformisada reabilitaciis centrTan erTad) winaswari SeTanxmeba msoflio bankismier axali kreditis gamoyofis Sesaxeb “Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi daadgilobrivi gzebis proeqtisaTvis”, romelic 2005 wlis ianvarSi daiwyeba.kreditis Rirebuleba 30 milion dolars Seadgens da misi xangrZlivobasami welia (2005-2008 ww.). krediti gamiznulia Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi da

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adgilobrivi gzebis 300-350 km-is reabilitaciisaTvis. axali kreditiTgaTvaliswinebuli samuSaoebisaTvis satendero dokumentaciis mosam-zadeblad gaformda kontraqti sam kompaniasTan.

rogorc Cans, ssgsd-s axalma administraciam kargad gaacnobiera gamWvir-valobisa da angariSgebis aucilebloba, rasac mohyva ssgsd-ssazogadoebasTan da masmediasTan urTierTobis ganyofilebis gaZliereba.axla ssgsd kiTxvebs ramdenime dReSi upasuxebs. saqarTvelos presaSibolo sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi gamoqveynda Tvrameti publikacia ssgsd-sSesaxeb, maT Soris finansuri angariSebi, statiebi sagzao seqtorisproblemebze, informaciebi tenderebis gamocxadebis, tenderebis Sedegebis,gaformebuli kontraqtebis Rirebulebebis, kontraqtebis partniorebis,gzebis im monakveTebis Sesaxeb, romlebic saWiroebs SekeTebas da immizezebze, Tu ratom ar dafinansda zogierTi kontraqti. ssgsd-m daaTva-liera gansakuTrebiT mZime mdgomareobaSi myofi gzebi, rasac mieZRvnasatelevizio gadacemebi sagzao seqtorze sazogadoebis yuradRebisgasamaxvileblad.

dagegmilia ssgsd-sTan sameTvalyureo sabWos Seqmna, romlis SemadgenlobaSiSevlen mTavrobisa da satransporto seqtoris warmomadgenlebi(saxelmwifo moxeleebi, sagzao gadamzidvelebi da arasamTavrobosatransporto organizaciebi). sameTvalyureo sabWos mizania, gaizardosssgsd-s saqmianobis gamWvirvaloba. sameTvalyureo sabWo ganaxorcielebsssgsd-s xarjebis efeqtianobis monitorings, gansazRvravs ganviTarebisprioritetebs da daexmareba sagzao seqtoris problemebis gadaWras. Tumca,rogorc ssf-s sakonsultacio sabWos gamocdileba gvkarnaxobs,sameTvalyureo sabWos srulfasovani funqcionireba did problemebTaniqneba dakavSirebuli.

ssgsd-m gamoacxada konkursi inovaciuri da rentabeluri winadadebebisSesaxeb, rac iTvaliswinebs rikoTis gvirabis ganaTebis, haeris kondicirebisada gadasaxadis mokrebis problemebis gadaWras. ukve miRebulia ramdenimewinadadeba kerZo kompaniebisagan, rac mniSvnelovnad Seamcirebs gvirabismomsaxurebis xarjebs. ssgsd-s administraciam gadawyvita, adrindelipraqtikisagan gansxvavebiT (rac iTvaliswinebda mxolod gzebze “sakereblisdadebas”), mTlianad aRadginos saqarTvelos sagzao qseli. amas mohyva 2004wlisaTvis mTeli rigi aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis dagegmva, maT Soris xidebisaRdgena _ maTi umravlesoba saswrafo SekeTebas moiTxovs.

rogorc Cans, Cvens angariSSi warmodgenili zogierTi rekomendacia ssgsd-sadministraciam gaiTvaliswina da maTi ganxorcielebac daiwyo. adrea imisTqma, es nabijebi amJamindeli Zlieri politikuri zewolis droebiTi SedegiaTu saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi Zireuli Zvrebis niSnebi. erTi ram kiudavoa – Tu ssgsd-s administracia am kursidan ar gadauxvevs, saqarTvelosaqvs realuri Sansi, iqonios ukeTesi gzebi da srulfasovnad ganaviTarossatranzito qseli.

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danarTi 1 – satransporto statistika

tvirTis gadatana saerTo sargeblobis transportis saxeebismixedviT (aTasi tona)

maT Soris wlebi sul rkinigza saavtomobilo sazRvao sahaero

1980 239977,7 86528,7 147348,0 6091,0 10,0 1985 276273,9 91258,9 175915,0 9084,0 16,0 1990 253074,9 76860,9 167070,0 9127,0 17,0 1991 182020,9 56709,9 115032,0 10267,0 12,0 1992 47106,8 14633,4 26545,0 5921,4 7,0 1993 23049,8 7965,9 10416,0 4662,9 5,0 1994 14567,1 3173,4 8168,0 3224,2 1,5 1995 14985,1 4656,4 8690,0 1636,6 2,1 1996 14149,0 4783,7 8800,0 561,8 3,5 1997 19703,0 7200,0 12200,0 300,0 3,0 1998 24124,1 8494,9 15000,0 625,0 4,2 1999 25913,4 9492,0 16000,0 419,1 2,3 2000 30060,0 11496,1 18500,0 62,6 1,3

2001 33168,7 13137,0 20000,0 30,5 1,2 2002 37400,0 14900,0 22500,0 - 1,3

wyaro: saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti

yvela saxis saerTo sargeblobis transportis tvirTbrunva

(mln. tona/km)

maT Soris wlebi sul rkinigza saavtomobilo sazRvao sahaero

1980 74281,6 19639,7 2355,0 52261,8 25,1 1985 74915,6 17829,4 3017,5 54041,4 27,3 1990 79937,6 15476,7 2577,6 61854,9 28,4 1991 66584,8 12116,7 1652,5 52788,7 26,9 1992 40927,7 3511,9 387,7 37018,9 9,2 1993 34611,2 1553,6 121,4 32931,5 4,7 1994 26680,2 954,8 83,6 25637,8 4,0 1995 15519,3 1246,0 130,0 14138,3 5,0 1996 7412,7 1141,4 131,3 6132,0 8,0 1997 5987,7 2006,2 303,5 3671,4 6,6 1998 10390,0 2573,7 385,0 7421,9 9,4 1999 9045,8 3160,4 420,0 5460,3 5,1 2000 5001,7 3192,1 475,0 611,7 2,9 2001 5156,8 4473,0 520,0 161,1 2,7 2002 5710,6 5057,5 543,0 - 3,17



108

tona tvirTis gadatanis saSualo manZili saerTo sargeblobistransportis saxeebis mixedviT (km)

wlebi sarkinigzo saavtomobilo sazRvao sahaero 1980 227 16 8580 2510 1985 195 17 5949 1706 1990 201 15 6777 1671 1991 214 14 5142 2242 1992 240 15 6252 1314 1993 195 12 7062 940 1994 301 10 7952 2667 1995 268 15 8639 2381 1996 239 15 10915 2286 1997 277 25 13828 2357 1998 303 26 11875 2238 1999 333 26 13029 2217 2000 340 26 9772 2231 2001 340 26 5282 2250 2002 - - - -


mgzavrTa gadayvana transportis calkeuli saxeobis mixedviT(mln. kaci)

maT Soris wlebi sul

rkinigza avto-busi

trolei-busi

metropo-liteni tramvai sazRvao sahaero

1980 984,0 31,0 643,8 123,7 142,5 39,4 1,2 2,4 1985 1138,4 25,6 804,2 112,7 144,8 47,3 1,3 2,5 1990 1043,9 14,8 735,2 77,5 183,4 29,5 0,8 2,7 1991 870,5 11,0 613,3 56,1 167,3 20,1 0,3 2,4 1992 354,9 7,6 149,9 27,1 157,8 11,8 0,01 0,7 1993 311,9 7,3 81,5 28,6 182,2 11,7 - 0,6 1994 246,4 9,8 87,6 7,8 138,0 2,9 0,01 0,3 1995 277,7 3,1 116,2 9,7 142,2 6,2 - 0,3 1996 320,3 3,0 141,0 13,8 155,2 7,0 0,002 0,3 1997 318,7 1,9 176,0 18,8 114,0 7,8 0,01 0,2 1998 326,3 2,3 205,0 15,8 96,4 6,6 - 0,2 1999 340,9 1,9 226,0 15,8 89,8 7,2 - 0,2 2000 366,7 2,3 235,0 16,2 105,4 7,7 - 0,1 2001 364,0 2,1 240,0 15,7 97,3 8,8 - 0,1 2002 373,84 2,1 249,5 122,1 - 0,1375



109

mgzavrTbrunva transportis calkeuli saxeobis mixedviT(mln. mgzavri/km)

maT Soris wlebi sul

rkinigza avtobusi trolei-busi

metropo-liteni tramvai sazRvao sahaero

1980 15500,6 3622,0 6134,0 606,1 912,0 208,8 36,7 3981,0 1985 18349,6 3724,0 8169,0 552,2 926,7 250,7 41,0 4686,0 1990 17823,0 2457,0 8335,0 379,8 1173,8 156,4 24,0 5297,0 1991 15176,1 2135,0 7110,0 274,9 1070,7 106,5 6,0 4473,0 1992 5793,2 1210,0 2147,0 132,8 1009,9 62,5 3,0 1228,0 1993 4062,5 916,9 1204,4 140,1 1166,1 62,0 - 573,0 1994 4035,1 1164,5 1463,5 38,2 883,2 15,4 2,6 467,7 1995 4035,6 371,1 1907,3 47,5 910,1 32,9 - 766,7 1996 4053,9 380,3 2049,9 67,2 993,0 36,9 0,2 526,2 1997 5015,7 293,7 3400,0 93,9 729,4 50,5 1,2 447,0 1998 5523,6 396,9 3910,0 85,7 616,9 43,1 - 471,0 1999 5722,9 355,1 4310,0 92,0 574,8 45,1 - 345,9 2000 6002,0 452,9 4500,0 90,5 674,6 46,2 - 237,8 2001 6122,6 398,0 4700,0 106,0 622,7 55,4 - 240,5 2002 5676,9 392,3 4987,3 - 297,3


erTi mgzavris gadayvanis saSualo manZili transportiscalkeuli saxeobis mixedviT (km)

wlebi rkinigza avto-busi troleibusi metropo-

liteni tramvai sazRvao sahaero

1980 116,8 9,5 4,9 6,4 5,3 30,6 1658,9 1985 145,5 10,2 4,9 6,4 5,3 31,5 1874,4 1990 166,0 11,3 4,9 6,4 5,3 30,0 1961,9 1991 194,1 11,6 4,9 6,4 5,3 20,0 1863,8 1992 159,2 14,3 4,9 6,4 5,3 300,0 1754,3 1993 125,6 14,8 4,9 6,4 5,3 - 955 1994 118,8 16,7 4,9 6,4 5,3 259,0 1559,0 1995 119,7 16,4 4,9 6,4 5,3 - 2555,6 1996 126,8 19,3 5,0 6,4 5,3 120,0 1754,0 1997 154,6 19,3 5,0 6,4 5,3 120,0 2235,0 1998 172,6 19,1 5,4 6,4 6,5 - 2355,0 1999 186,9 19,1 5,8 6,4 6,3 - 1730,0 2000 196,6 19,1 5,6 6,4 6,0 - 2378,0 2001 189,5 19,6 6,7 6,4 6,3 - 2405,0 2002 - - - - - - -



110

danarTi 2 - satransporto marSrutebis statistikurimonacemebi

saerTo sargeblobis gzebis sigrZe saxeebis mixedviT (km)

wlebi rkinigza metropoliteni (ormxrivi)

tramvai (ormxrivi)

troleibusi (ormxrivi)

saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo

gzebi 1980 1420 19 50 160 22196 1985 1465 23 50 215 21334 1990 1586 25 43 300 21599 1991 1586 25- 43 337 21651 1992 1586 25 43 289 21601 1993 1586 25 43 281 21094 1994 1586 25 43 213 20738 1995 1586 25 41 289 20970 1996 1586 25 41 284 20298 1997 1586 25 36 311 20120 1998 1586 25 36 311 20215 1999 1576 25 36 311 20215 2000 1562 27 36 270 20362 2001 1565 27 36 272 20229 2002 - - - - -


sagzao qselis sigrZe da parametrebi

gzebis kategoria74 I II III IV V gzis kategoria sul sigrZe

(km) km km km km km

saerTaSoriso 1474 13 765 180 422 94

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi 3326 0 33 266 1839 1188

adgilobrivi 15429 0 0 0 3310 12119

sul 20229 13 798 446 5571 13401

wyaro: samxreT kavkasiis sami saxelmwifos satransporto politikisadmi miZRvnili seminarisdokumentebi, aprili, 2002

74 gzis kategoria ganisazRvreba Zveli sabWouri standartebis mixedviT, romlebic dRemde gamoiyenebasaqarTveloSi. gzis parametrebidan gamomdinare (Semadgenloba da gamtarunarianoba), gansazRvrulia5 kategoria, sadac I kategoria umaRlesia, V _ umdablesi.

danarTi 2 - satransporto marSrutebis statistikuri monacemebi

111

xidebi

gzis kategoria raodenoba sigrZe (metrebSi) saSualo sigrZe (metrebSi)

saerTaSoriso 609 24646 40

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi 1191 28536 24

adgilobrivi 2227 33737 15

sul 4077 86,919

wyaro: daskvniTi angariSi, transportis reabilitaciis proeqti, IDA – msoflio bankis dafinanseba,aprili, 1998

sadrenaJo milebi

gzis kategoria raodenoba sigrZe (metrebSi) saSualo sagrZe (metrebSi)

saerTaSoriso 2909 55321 19 Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi 5936 77862 13

adgilobrivi 15099 117573 8 sul 23944 250756


gvirabebi da galereebi

gvirabebi galereebi gzis kategoria

raodenoba sigrZe (metrebSi) raodenoba sigrZe

(metrebSi) saerTaSoriso 9 8879 7 1115

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi 7 2695 4 469

sul 16 11574 11 1584


uReltexilebi

gzis kategoria raodenoba mdgomareoba zamTarSi saerTaSoriso 3 gaxsnili

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi 11 4 – gaxsnili, 7 - Caketili adgilobrivi 2 Caketili

sul 16


danarTi 2 - satransporto marSrutebis statistikuri monacemebi

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danarTi 3 – sakanonmdeblo aspeqtebi

kanoni saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb

1994 wlis 11 noembers saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo kanoni “saavtomobilogzebis Sesaxeb”. 1991 wlis Semdeg es iyo saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorisaxali maregulirebeli aqtebis SemuSavebisken gadadgmuli pirveli nabiji.

“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanoni moicavs Semdeg debulebebs:

§ saavtomobilo gzebis cneba, misi Semadgeneli nawilebi da infras-truqtura

§ saavtomobilo gzebis saxeobebi da maTi klasifikacia

§ sagzao organos struqtura da sagzao organos ufleba-movaleobebi

§ sagzao dargis dafinanseba da materialur-teqnikuri uzrunvelyofa

§ saavtomobilo gzebiTa da sagzao infrastruqturiT sargeblobiswesebi da saqarTvelos sagzao qselis saxelmwifo kontroli;

§ sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoeba da samedicino daxmareba saavtomobilogzebze

§ sagzao organoebis muSakTa uflebebi

§ sagzao samuSaoTa warmoebis normebi da a.S.

kanonis Tanaxmad, saavtomobilo gzebis cnebaSi gaerTianebulia: miwis vakisisavali nawili, xidebi, gvirabebi, estakadebi, satransporto kvanZebi,wyalgamtari nagebobebi, sayrdeni kedlebi, gzebis gaswvriv mdebaresavelosipedo da sacalfexo bilikebi, aseve gansxvisebis zolebi da misfarglebSi arsebuli sxva sagzao nagebobani.

saavtomobilo gzebi Tavisi daniSnulebiT iyofa saerTo sargeblobis dasauwyebo gzebad. sauwyebo gzebs miekuTvneba kerZo an saxelmwifo organi-zaciebis sakuTrebaSi myof teritoriaze mdebare Senoba-nagebobebTan misasv-leli gzebi. saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebi Tavisi mniSvnelobiTsaerTaSoriso, Sidasaxelmwifoebriv da adgilobriv gzebad iyofa:

§ saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi – saqarTvelos sxvaqveynebTan damakavSirebeli gzebi

§ Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saavtomobilo gzebi – saqarTvelos terito-riaze arsebuli gzebi, romlebic akavSirebs administraciul, samrewve-lo da kulturuli centrebs: saqarTvelos dedaqalaqs, avtonomiurrespublikaTa dedaqalaqebs, raionebis administraciul centrebs dacnobil kurortebs; samxedro da gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis gzebi


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§ adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebi – akavSirebs dasaxle-bul punqtebs, administraciul centrebs, saerTaSoriso da respublikurgzebs

saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis nusxas, romlis gadaxedvassgds-s mier 5 weliwadSi erTxel xdeba, amtkicebs saqarTvelos prezidenti.adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis nusxas, romlis koreqti-rebac 3 weliwadSi erTxel warmoebs, amtkicebs adgilobrivi TviTmmarT-velobisa da mmarTvelobis organoebi.

sawyis etapze sagzao seqtorSi erTiani politikis gatareba saqarTvelosrespublikis ministrTa kabinetis kompetencias warmoadgenda. kanonSi 1997wlis 16 oqtombers Sesuli cvlilebebiT aRniSnuli valdebuleba ssgsd-sgadaeca. 2001 wlis 20 ivlisidan sagzao qselis ganviTarebasTandakavSirebuli yvela sakiTxis gadawyveta transportisa da kavSirgabmulobissaministrosTan TanamSromlobiT xdeba.

kanonis Tanaxmad, gzebs maTi mesakuTre marTavs, romelic axorcielebsgzebis mSeneblobas, rekonstruqciis, SekeTebis, movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebs.Sesabamisad, saerTaSoriso da Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis marTvas ssgsd axorcielebs – romelicam gzebs saxelmwifos saxeliT ganagebs. adgilobrivi mniSvnelobissaavtomobilo gzebs adgilobrivi mmarTvelobisa da TviTmmarTvelobisorganoebi marTaven. sagzao policia da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisorganoebi pasuxismgebelni arian sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebis kon-trolsa da arsebul normebTan Sesabamisobaze.

kanoni avaldebulebs sagzao organoebs, rom maT aunazRauron saavtomobilogzebiT mosargebleebs cudi sagzao pirobebis Sedegad momxdari avto-sagzao SemTxvevebiT gamowveuli zarali, Tu am SemTxvevis mizezi is iyo,rom sagzao organoebma mTlianad an nawilobriv ar Seasrules dakisrebulimovaleobani75 . amave dros, gzebiT mosargebleebis mizeziT gzis safarisdazianebis SemTxvevaSi swored es ukanasknelni arian valdebulni, aanazRau-ron miyenebuli zarali.

sagzao seqtorisa da saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis dafinan-seba xdeba rogorc biujetis xarjze, ise sxva wyaroebiT. sagzao seqtorisfinansuri uzrunvelyofisTvis 1995 wels Seiqmna saxelmwifo sagzao fondi.

saxelmwifo sakuTrebis saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiTsargeblobaze safasuris daweseba SesaZlebelia im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ordasaxlebul punqts Soris arsebobs paraleluri ufaso gza. 1997 wlis 16oqtombers kanonSi Sesuli cvlilebis Tanaxmad gzebiT sargeblobissafasuri gamoiyeneba amave gzebis movla-Senaxvisa da ganviTarebisaTvis.

“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanoni 17 SezRudvasa da akrZalvas moicavs.maT Soris yvelaze mniSvnelovania:

75 muxli 19, sagzao organoebis pasuxismgebloba, saqarTvelos kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb”


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§ im satransporto saSualebiT moZraoba, romlis zomebi tvirTianadaRemateba saerTo sagzao wesiT dadgenil gabaritebs

§ reklamebis dayeneba sagzao organoebis unebarTvod

§ gzis vakisze vaWroba

§ saavtomobilo gzebze, gzispira zonebSi (gzis RerZidan 100 metri orivemxares) gzebis mflobelebTan SeuTanxmeblad nebismieri samSeneblo,samelioracio, sasoflo-sameurneo, geologiuri Ziebis samuSaoebi,kavSirgabmulobis xazebisa da sxva komunikaciebis gayvana, axalinagebobis aSeneba da arsebulis SekeTeba da sxva gansazRvrulisaqmianobis ganxorcieleba

§ nebarTvis gareSe jixurebis da sxva moZravi nagebobebis ganlagebasaavtomobilo gzebze da gzispira zonebSi.

“saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonSi orjer (199776 da 200177 wlebSi)Seitanes cvlilebebi. ZiriTadi cvlilebebi Setanilia Cven mier aRwerilikanonis ZiriTad debulebebSi.

kanoni sagzao fondis Sesaxeb

sagzao seqtorisaTvis meore mniSvnelovan sakanonmdeblo nabijs 1995 wlis2 seqtembers “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanonis miReba warmoadgenda. amkanoniT ganisazRvreba saqarTveloSi gzebis ganviTarebisa da movla-SenaxvisaTvis saWiro finansuri resursebis Seqmnis gzebi da iqmneba sagzaofondis Camoyalibebis samarTlebrivi safuZveli. kanoni gansazRvravs sagzaofondis miznebs da resursebis aTvisebis wesebs.

“sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” kanonis miRebis Semdeg masSi mravali Sesworebada damateba Sevida (199678 , 199779, 199980, 200181 da 200282 wlebSi), maTgan yvelazemniSvnelovani damatebebi winamdebare mimoxilvas davurTeT. cvlilebaTaumravlesoba gadasaxadebis ganakveTebs, sagadasaxado bazis gafarToebasada gadasaxadebis gadaxdis procedurebs Seexeba.

76 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos respublikis kanonSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebisSetanis Taobaze”, 16 oqtomberi, 1997 weli77 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi damatebebis Setanis Taobaze”, 20ivlisi, 2001 weli78 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos respublikis kanonSi damatebebis SetanisTaobaze”, 27 ivnisivlisi, 1996 weli79 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos respublikis kanonSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebisSetanis Taobvaze”, 16 oqtomberi, 1997 weli80 kanoni “saqarTvelos zogad sakanonmdeblo aqtSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Taobaze”,16 aprili, 1999 weli, “kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebebisSetanis Taobaze”, 9 ivnisi, 1999 weli81 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze”, 5 ivnisi,2001 weli82 kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze”, 7ivnisi, 2002 weli


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ssf Seiqmna, rogorc arasabiujeto fondi, romlis mizansac saavtomobilogzebis movla-Senaxvis, SekeTebis, rekonstruqciisa da mSeneblobis, agreTvesamecniero-teqnikuri siaxleebis danergvisa da dargis ganviTarebasTandakavSirebuli sxva xarjebis dafinanseba warmoadgenda. kanoni, gardazemoaRniSnuli miznebisa, krZalavs ssf-s resursebis sxva mizniT gamoyenebas.

1997 wlis 16 oqtombridan ssf ssgsd-s83 mier imarTeba. es ukanaskneligansazRvravs sagzao gadasaxadebis akrefis procedurebs da ssf-s resurse-bis gamoyenebas. ssgsd-s yovelwliurad qarTuli presiT ssf-s resursebisgamoyenebis gegmisa da gasuli wlis danaxarjebis gamoqveyneba evaleba.

kanoni gansazRvravs ssf-s Semosavlis wyaroebs:

§ gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblo-bisaTvis

§ gadasaxadi sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciisaTvis

§ satransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi

§ gadasaxadi saqarTvelos teritoriaze avtomanqaniT Semosvlisa dasatranzito moZraobisaTvis

§ gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSimiwisqveSa komunikaciebis eqspluataciis, sareklamo stendebisa dafirniSebis ganTavsebisaTvis

§ sagzao organizaciebis amonagebi sesxebidan, gamarTuli latariebidan,aqciebis gayidvidan da sajarimo sanqciebidan saqarTvelos biujetisasignebis CaTvliT;

§ kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva wyaroebi.

sagzao gadasaxadebis administrireba xdeba saqarTvelos sagadasaxadokodeqsis XIV muxlis Tanaxmad. sagzao fondSi gadasaxadebis mobilizeba,Semosavlebis registrireba da kontroli kanoniT dadgenili wesiTxorcieldeba ssf-s sagadasaxado inspeqciebis, saxelmwifo sagadasaxadoinspeqciisa da sabaJo departamentis mier.

aRniSnuli kanonis Tanaxmad, sawarmoebisa da sxva organizaciebis miergadaxdili gadasaxadebi warmoebis danaxarjebSi iangariSeba. amoRebulidavalianebebi da jarimebis saxiT miRebuli Semosavlebi, darRvevis aRmomCeniorganizaciis mosakreblis garda, ssf-s gadaericxeba.

kanonis Tanaxmad da saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 270-e muxlismixedviT, daSvebulia ssf-sa da ssgsd-s TanamSromelTa materialuriwaxalisebis sistemis specialuri fondis Camoyalibeba.

83 teqstis originalSi ssf ministrTa kabinets eqvemdebareboda. 1995 wlis 18 oqtombris #674 dadgenilebiT,ssf-s marTvis uflebamosileba saxelmwifo koncern “saqavtogzas” gadaeca, romelic mogvianebiT,1997 wels, ssgsd-d gadakeTda.


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saqarTvelos sagzao fondis gadasaxadebis akrefis, SemosavlebisaRricxvis, kontrolisa da resursebis miznobrivi gamoyenebiswesebi da procedurebi

1995 wlis 18 oqtombers ministrTa kabinetma gamosca dadgenileba“saqarTvelos respublikaSi sagzao fondis gadasaxadebis akrefis,Semosavlebis aRricxvis, kontrolisa da miznobrivi gamoyenebis wesisSesaxeb”84 . aRniSnuli dadgenileba moicavda:

§ debulebas ssf-s marTvis uflebamosilebis saxelmwifo koncern“avtogzisaTvis” gadacemis Sesaxeb

§ damtkicebas debulebisa “saqarTvelos respublikaSi sagzao fondisgadasaxadebis akrefis, Semosavlebis aRricxvis, kontrolis, miznobrivigamoyenebisa da gadasaxadebisaTvis Tavis aridebis SemTxvevaSipasuxismgeblobis wesis Sesaxeb”

§ davalebebs sxvadasxva samTavrobo uwyebebisaTvis, maT Soris: finansTasaministros, saxelmwifo sagadasaxado samsaxuris, socialuri daekonomikuri informaciis komitetis, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa(sagzao policiis departaments) da Tbilisis meriis mxridan“saqavtogzisaTvis” garkveuli monacemebis miwodebas da sagzaogadasaxadebis akrefaSi daxmarebas.

gadasaxadebis akrefis, Semosavlebis aRricxvis, kontrolisa da miznobrivigamoyenebis wesebSi gansazRvrulia sagzao gadasaxadebis ganakveTebi,procedurebi da gadaxdis vadebi, gadauxdelobis SemTxvevaSi SesabamisisamarTaldacviTi procedurebi da saangariSo formebi.

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa damodernizaciis saprezidento programa

1996 wlis 14 ivniss saqarTvelos prezidentma gamosca brZanebuleba“saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis aRdgenisa da ganviTarebis RonisZiebaTaSesaxeb”85 . brZanebuleba moicavs saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSi arsebuliproblemebis aRweras da masSi prioriteti eniWeba gzebis reabilitacias.gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba trasekas satransporto derefnisganviTarebas, romelmac xeli unda Seuwyos saqarTvelos satranzito qveynadgardaqmnas. brZanebuleba miuTiTebs saqarTvelos sagzao seqtorSigasatarebel RonisZiebebze, romelTa Sorisaa sagzao sistemisreabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programis SemmuSavebelisamTavrobo komisiis Seqmna da programis ganxorcielebisaTvis saWirofinansuri resursebis mobilizacia.

brZanebuleba konkretulad iTvaliswinebda Semdeg RonisZiebebs:

84 ministrTa kabinetis 1995 wlis 18 oqtombris #674 dadgenileba85 saqarTvelos prezidentis 1996 wlis 14 ivnisis #388 brZanebuleba


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1. saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da ganviTarebis qveynis ekonomikisprioritetad gamocxadebas

2. “saqavtogzis” mier angariSis momzadebas saqarTvelos sagzao qselSiarsebuli mdgomareobisa da misi ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb

3. saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidentoprogramis SemuSavebisa da misi ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiro finansuriresursebis mobilizebis mizniT samTavrobo komisiis Seqmnas.

komisias unda waremarTa saxelmwifo politika aRniSnul seqtorSi, raTauzrunveleyo trasekas derefnis ganviTareba da saqarTvelos satranzitoqveynad gadaqceva. komisiaSi Sediodnen: saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministri,saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis (saavtomobilo gzebisa daaerodromebis kaTedra), “saqavtogzis” (mogvianebiT ssgsd), saqarTvelossaavtomobilo transportis saxelmwifo departamentis, vaWrobisa dasaerTaSoriso ekonomikuri urTierTobebis saministros (mogvianebiTekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobis saministro), iusticiis saministros,finansTa saministros, Sinagan saqmeTa saministros (sagzao policiisdepartamenti), saqarTvelos saxelmwifo kancelariis (ekonomikuri samsaxuriskomunikaciebis sakiTxTa jgufi), saqarTvelos transportis sakoordinaciosabWos, “saqsaxgzaproeqtis” (sagzao-saproeqto instituti), Tavdacvissaministros, evraziis satransporto derefnis problemuri centris,saxelmwifo qonebis marTvis saministros, prezidentis adgilobrivimmarTvelobisa da regionuli politikis sakoordinacio samsaxuris,transportis problemaTa institutis, parlamentis dargobrivi ekonomikiskomitetis mSeneblobisa da komunaluri meurneobis qvekomitetiswarmomadgenlebi.

4. samTavrobo komisias unda SeemuSavebina programa, romelic gaiTva-liswinebda Semdeg amocanebs:

§ prioritetuli marSrutebis gansazRvras da maTi reabilitaciisprogramis SemuSavebas

§ zamTris movla-Senaxvis programis SemuSavebas

§ infrastruqturis ganviTarebis programis Seqmnas

§ samTavrobo rezervebidan, didi sainvesticio proeqtebidan, ssf-sresursebidan, mZimewoniani avtosatransporto saSualebebis gzebiTsargeblobis gadasaxadidan, centraluri da adgilobrivi biujetebidanda ucxouri investiciebiT finansebis mobilizebas

§ qvekomisiis Seqmnas “saqavtogzis”, reabilitaciasa da mSeneblobaSimonawile sxva mxareebis moTxovnebis uzrunvelsayofad, romelicmecnierul kvlevaze dayrdnobiT SeimuSavebda sagzao infrastruqturisganviTarebisa da miwis Sesyidvis politikas


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§ saerTaSoriso organizaciebis rekomendaciebisa da msoflio gamocdi-lebis gaTvaliswinebiT, aseve “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb kanonis” mixedviTsawvav-sapoxi masalebiT movaWre organizaciebisaTvis sagadasaxadosistemis SemuSavebas, Sesabamisad, xsenebul kanonSi saTanadocvlilebebis Setanas 1996 wlis 30 ivnisamde.

gansakuTrebuli davalebebi mieca mTavrobis wevrebs:

§ sagareo saqmeTa, sagareo-ekonomikur urTierTobaTa da vaWrobisministrebs daevalaT evraziis qveynebisaTvis trasekas derefniswarmadobisa da SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb informaciis miwodeba;evraziuli derefnis ganviTarebiT da investirebiT dainteresebulsxva qveynebTan, gansakuTrebiT dsT-s wevr-qveynebTan, aqtiurimolaparakebebis gamarTva da urTierTobebis Camoyalibeba;yovelwliurad prezidentisaTvis angariSis Cabareba miRweuliSedegebisa da investiciebis savaraudo moculobis Sesaxeb

§ urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobis saministros daevala finansTasaministrosTan erTad saqarTvelos teritoriaze mimdinare yveladidi sainvesticio proeqtidan saqarTvelos gzebis reabilitaciisaTvissavaldebulo finansuri Senatanebis wesis SemuSaveba da samTavrobokomisiisaTvis misi wardgena

§ finansTa saministros daevala, ganexila winadadeba yovelwliuradcentraluri da adgilobrivi biujetebidan sagzao sistemisganviTarebisaTvis maqsimaluri odenobis asignebaTa gamoyofis Sesaxeb;“saqavtogzisaTvis” sagzao gadasaxadebis, maTi aRricxvis, kontrolisada miznobrivi gamoyenebisaTvis xelSewyoba; gadasaxadebisaTvis Tavisaridebis SemTxvevaSi pasuxismgeblobis wesis SemuSaveba

§ saxelmwifo koncern “saqavtogzas” daevala saqarTvelos gzebisklasifikacia da saxelmwifo kancelariisaTvis wardgena; gzebismarTvis axali proeqtis warmodgena; SidasaxelmwifoebrivimniSvnelobis gzebze mZimewoniani satransporto saSualebebis gabari-tebisa da wonis parametrebis kontrolisa da maTi licenzirebisaTvissaWiro meqanizmebis SemuSaveba; teqnikuri informaciis momzadebaZiriTadi gzebis gasxvisebis zolsa da mimdebare teritoriebzemisasvleli gzebis mSeneblobisaTvis da samTavrobo komisiisaTviswardgena; axali teqnologiebisa da msoflio standartebis moTxovnaTagaTvaliswinebiT sagzao samuSaoTa efeqtiani dagegmvis da samuSaoTaxarisxis amaRlebis axali sistemis SemuSaveba.

prezidentis 1996 wlis 25 dekembris #837 brZanebulebiT damtkicda“saqarTvelos gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidentoprograma”. programis xangrZlivoba 15 weliwads Seadgenda, aqedan pirveli 5weli prioritetuli marSrutebis reabilitacias eTmoboda. brZanebulebaSeicavda miTiTebebs pasuxismgebeli uwyebebis xelmZRvanelebisa dasamTavrobo komisiis wevrebisaTvis: komisias mTavrobisTvis angariSebi undawaredgina gasuli wlis gegmis Sesrulebisa da momdevno wlis gegmis Sesaxeb.


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saerTaSoriso, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi da adgilobrivimniSvnelobis gzebis klasifikacia da nusxa

1996 wlis 25 dekembris prezidentis #83486 brZanebulebiT damtkicdasaerTaSoriso, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi da adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebisklasifikacia da nusxa. axali klasifikaciis mixedviT, saqarTveloSi 1581km saerTaSoriso, 3392.3 km Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis gzebi iyo(sul 4973.3 km). maT Soris 4803.1 km eqvemdebareboda “saqavtogzas”, xolodanarCeni 170.2 km - adgilobriv mmarTvelobas.

kanoni samSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifo dakveTebis Sesaxeb

1998 wlis 6 Tebervals miiRes kanoni “samSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifodakveTebis Sesaxeb”. kanonis mizans samSeneblo dargSi, maT Soris gzebisada sagzao infrastruqturis samSeneblo sferoSi, saxelmwifo dakveTebisracionaluri gankargva, gamoyofili saxsrebis miznobrivad gamoyeneba,konkurenciis ganviTareba da samuSaos xarisxis amaRleba warmoadgenda.

aRniSnuli kanonis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo dakveTebi 100 aTas larze metiRirebulebis samSeneblo samuSaoebze da 10 aTasi laris Rirebulebissaproeqto-saZiebo samuSaoebze konkursis safuZvelze unda gaices.saqarTvelos samSeneblo bazarze SesaRwevad kompanias (qarTuls anucxours) urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobis saministros licenzia sWirdeboda.amave saministros evaleboda damatebiTi wesebis SemuSaveba satenderoprocedurebis, tenderebis zedamxedvelobis, gacemuli saxelmwifodakveTebis Sesrulebis, tenderSi monawile mxareTa Soris wamoWriluTanxmoebaTa gadawyvetis Sesaxeb.

“saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonis miRebis Semdeg gauqmda “kanonisamSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifo dakveTebis Sesaxeb”, Tumca ZiriTadiprincipebi axal kanonSic SenarCunebulia.

kanoni saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobis licenzirebis Sesaxeb

1999 wlis 9 seqtembers miiRes saqarTvelos kanoni “saproeqto-samSeneblosaqmianobis licenzirebis Sesaxeb”. aRniSnuli kanoni awesrigebs saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobis licenzirebis sakiTxebs, gansazRvravs saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobis saxeobebs. saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobazelicenzias gascems saqarTvelos urbanizaciisa da mSeneblobis saministro.

pirveli fasiani gza

1999 wlis 25 ianvars, ssgsd-s #6 brZanebis87 safuZvelze, saqarTveloSipirvelad rikoTis uReltexiliT sargeblobisTvis dawesda gadasaxadi.86 prezidentis brZanebuleba #834 “saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi da adgilobrivimniSvnelobis gzebis gansazRvris maCveneblebisa da nusxis damtkicebis Sesaxeb”, 25 dekemberi, 1996 weli87 saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdomaris 1999 wlis 25 ianvris#6 brZaneba“rikoTis sauReltexilo gvirabiT sargeblobisaTvis safasuris ganakveTebis Sesaxeb”


120

miRebuli Semosavali gvirabis reabilitaciasa da movla-Senaxvas undamoxmareboda.

ssgsd-s reorganizacia

saqarTvelos prezidentis 2000 wlis 3 Tebervlis #3288 brZanebulebiT,ssgsd-s daqvemdebarebuli sajaro samarTlis ori iuridiuli piri - gzebisreabilitaciisa da modernizaciis direqcia da gzebis reabilitaciisa damovla-Senaxvis direqcia kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pirad gardaiqmna.

specialuri komisiis Camoyalibeba

2000 wlis 22 ivniss gamoica ssgsd-sa da sagadasaxado Semosavlebissaministros erToblivi #109-30 brZaneba89 , romlis safuZvelzec Seiqmnaspecialuri komisia. mas unda Seemowmebina saqarTvelos teritoriaze ucxoqveynebSi registrirebuli avtosatransporto saSualebebisagan Semosvlisada satranzito gadasaxadTa akrefis mimdinareoba da gadaxdili TanxebisSesabamis sabanko angariSebze Setana. sabaJo departaments evaleboda benzinisaqciziT miRebuli Semosavlebisa da ucxo qveynebSi registrirebulavtosatransporto saSualebaTa saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlis/satranzito mosakreblebis Sesaxeb monacemTa ssgsd-saTvis yovelTviuradwardgena.

ssf-s sakonsultacio sabWo

2000 wlis 24 seqtembers, prezidentis #419 brZanebulebis90 safuZvelzeSeiqmna ssf-s sakonsultacio sabWo. sabWos daevala ssf-s Semosavlebisada xarjebis sistematuri analizi, ssf-s marTvis sajaroobis uzrunvelyofa.sabWo Seiqmna msoflio bankis winasaproeqto Sefasebis misiis (“gzebisreabilitaciis proeqti”) moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad. igi 14 wevrisagan Sedgeboda,maT Soris iyvnen: ssgsd-s, ekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobis saministros,teqnikuri universitetis, sagadasaxado Semosavlebis saministros, saxelmwifokancelariis, finansTa saministros, sagzao policiis, kompleqsuri institutis“saqgzamecnierebis”, transportisa da kavSirgabmulobis saministrosa dasatransporto sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebiswarmomadgenlebi.

kanoni “samSeneblo saqmianobis Sesaxeb”

2000 wlis 27 oqtombers miiRes kanoni “samSeneblo saqmianobis Sesaxeb”.aRniSnuli kanoni gansazRvravs saqarTvelos teritoriaze samSeneblo

88 saqarTvelos prezidentis 2000 wlis 3 Tebervlis #32 brZanebuleba89 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado Semosavlebis saministrosa da saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebissaxelmwifo departamentis erToblivi brZaneba #109-30 “sagzao fondis gadasaxadebis Semosavalzekontrolis gaZlierebis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb”90 saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba #419 “saxelmwifo sagzao fondis sakonsultacio sabWosSeqmnis Sesaxeb”, 24 seqtemberi, 2000 weli


121

saqmianobis monawileTa urTierTobebis samarTlebriv, organizaciul daekonomikur aspeqtebs, adgens am saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli normebisdacvisa da regulirebis meqanizms. kanoni iTvaliswinebs: samSeneblokompleqsis efeqtiani funqcionirebis uzrunvelyofas; qveynis ekonomikuri,socialuri da kulturuli ganviTarebis xelSewyobas; dargSi konkurentuligaremos Seqmnas da samSeneblo produqciis maRali xarisxis uzrunvelyofas.

samSeneblo saqmianobis yvela monawile valdebulia, daicvas samSeneblonormebi, wesebi da standartebi. damkveTma saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobisgansaxorcieleblad unda SearCios Sesabamisi kvalifikaciis mqone menarde,uzrunvelyos samSeneblo proeqtis eqspertiza, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobisSesabamisad miiRos mSeneblobis dawyebis nebarTva, daafinansos Sesasru-lebeli samuSao. samSeneblo saqmianobis monawileTa sameurneo-safinansourTierToba ganisazRvreba xelSekrulebis safuZvelze. saxelmwifoorganoebis (makontrolebeli samsaxurebis garda) warmomadgenlebs uflebaara aqvT, Caerion samSeneblo kompaniebis sameurneo-safinanso saqmianobaSi.

samSeneblo saqmianobis droebiT an sabolood Sewyvetis safuZveli SeiZlebaiyos samSeneblo wesebisa da saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebis uxeSidarRveva.

samSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifo politikis gamtarebelia saqarTvelosurbanizaciisa da mSeneblobis saministro da sxva Sesabamisi uwyebebi.swored es saministro ibarebs Sesrulebul samuSaos.

samSeneblo saqmianobis monawileTa Soris warmoSobil nebismier davasganixilavs sasamarTlo.

debuleba sagzao fondis gadasaxadebis akrefis, SemosavlebisaRricxvis, kontrolisa da miznobrivi gamoyenebis Sesaxeb

2001 wlis 28 noembers gamoica debuleba “sagzao fondis gadasaxadebisakrefis, Semosavlebis aRricxvis, kontrolisa da miznobrivi gamoyenebisSesaxeb”.

ssgsd-s evaleba ssf-s saxsrebis miznobriobisa da moculobis gansazRvrayovelwliuri programis safuZvelze, romelsac igi SeimuSavebs dadadgenili wesiT warudgens saqarTvelos finansTa saministros saxelmwifobiujetis formirebis dros.

saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadida saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi miwisqveSakomunikaciebis eqspluataciis, sareklamo stendebisa da firniSebisganTavsebis gadasaxadebi unda gadairicxos ssf-Si da damtkicebuli wliurigegmis Sesabamisad gamoyenebuli iqnas gzebis movla-Senaxvisa da ssgsd-smier dagegmili sxva saqmianobisaTvis.


122

kanoni “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb”

2001 wlis 30 marts mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi da damatebebi iqna Setanili1998 wlis 9 dekembers miRebul kanonSi “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb”91riTac praqtikulad axali kanoni iqna miRebuli.

kanoni adgens saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis samarTlebriv,organizaciul da ekonomikur principebs. igi iTvaliswinebs: fuladisaxsrebis racionalur xarjvas, samuSaoebis Sesrulebisa da momsaxurebissferoSi jansaRi konkurenciis ganviTarebas; saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisobieqturad warmarTvas; saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sajaroobas da saxelmwifoSesyidvebis erTiani sistemis Seqmnas.

kanonis Tanaxmad, ekonomikis saministroSi iqmneba saxelmwifo Sesyidvebissaagento, romlis xelmZRvanels saqarTvelos ekonomikis, vaWrobisa damrewvelobis ministris wardginebiT Tanamdebobaze niSnavs da Tanamdebo-bidan aTavisuflebs saqarTvelos prezidenti. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebissajaroobis uzrunvelsayofad iqmneba sSs-s sazedamxedvelo sabWoc.

Semsyidveli organizacia uflebamosilia: SearCios saqonlis, samuSaos anmomsaxurebis Semsrulebeli; ganaxorcielos mis mier xelSekrulebispirobebis Sesrulebis kontroli; racionalurad ganaxorcielossaxelmwifo Sesyidvebi; droulad aunazRauros mimwodebels saqonlis,samuSaos an momsaxurebis Rirebuleba; Tavidan aicilos interesTakonfliqti; ganxorcielebuli Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb angariSebi warudginosekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobis saministros, statistikis departamentsda a.S. saxelmwifo uwyebebis mier nebismieri saqonlis, samuSaos anmomsaxurebis Sesyidva unda ganxorcieldes Sesyidvebis wliuri gegmismixedviT.

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis formebi:

§ Ria tenderi

§ daxuruli tenderi

§ fasTa kotireba

§ erT pirTan molaparakeba

saxelmwifo Sesyidvis saSualeba damokidebulia xelSekrulebismoculobaze 92 . Ria da daxurul tenderebs atarebs satendero komisiaaranakleb 5 wevris SemadgenlobiT, romelsac qmnis Semsyidveliorganizaciis xelmZRvaneli. satendero komisia gadawyvetilebas iRebs misiwevrebis xmaTa umravlesobiT. komisiis sxdomis Sesaxeb dgeba oqmi, romelsacxels aweren satendero komisiis wevrebi.

91 “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” kanonis sruli teqsti masSi Setanili cvlilebebiTa dadamatebebiT ix. danarTSi 1292 saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb sakiTxTa detaluri aRwera ix. me-10 TavSi


123

Ria tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi satendero komisia Semsyidveliorganizaciis saxeliT aqveynebs gancxadebas tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb.pretendentTa kvalifikaciis monacemTa analizis Sedegad dgeba tenderSimonawileTa sia. pretendentTa winadadebebis Sefasebamde Semsyidvelorganizaciasa da TiToeul pretendents Soris ideba xelSekruleba gan-zraxvaTa Sesaxeb. satendero komisia ganixilavs mxolod im pretendentTawinadadebebs, romlebmac Semsyidvel organizaciasTan dades xelSekrulebaganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb. satendero winadadebebi fasdeba satendero dokumen-taciaSi gansazRvruli kriteriumebiT. daxurul tenderSi monawileobiswinadadeba unda daegzavnos aranakleb 5 organizacias. gansaxilvelwinadadebaTa raodenoba ar unda iyos samze naklebi.

Sesyidvis procesi unda aisaxos Sesabamis angariSSi da waredginos ekono-mikis saministros kanoniT dadgenil vadaSi. yvela dainteresebul mxaresunda SeeZlos am angariSebis gacnoba da weliwadSi erTxel mainc isinisajarod unda gamoqveyndes.

sakonkurso-saatestacio programa

2002 wlis 22 ivliss ssgsd-s Tavmjdomarem gamosca brZaneba93 , romlisTanaxmadac ssgsd-sa da misi sauwyebo dawesebulebebis TanamSromlebsregularulad unda gaevloT atestacia.

93 ssgsd-s Tavmjdomaris #50 brZaneba “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentiscentraluri aparatis, saqveuwyebo dawesebulebebis sagzao fondis da sagzao sagadasaxadosammarTveloebis sajaro moxeleTa sakonkurso-saatestacio programis damtkicebis Sesaxeb”, 22ivlisi, 2002 weli


124

danarTi 4 – saprezidento programa: samuSao grafiki da dafinanseba

cxrili 1. saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciis, modernizaciisa da movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebis jamuri kalendaruli grafiki

saorientacio Rirebuleba da vadebi

#

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo

gzebis aRdgenisa da ganviTarebis RonisZiebebi

sigrZe (km)

Rir

ebul

eba

mln. l

ari

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

1 prioritetuli marSrutebis reabilitacia

833 214 19.6 29.4 42.6 57.8 64.6 - - - - - - - - -

2 prioritetuli marSrutebis modernizacia

626 1100 8.5 9.7 10 13.9 18.8 79.9 86 96.5 106.3 116.1 125.1 135.4 145.7 148.1

3

danarCeni magistraluri da respublikuri gzebis nawilobrivi reabilitacia

5180 459 7.8 10.2 10.6 13.1 14 27.7 32 33.4 37.1 42.7 48.8 53.3 60.7 67.6

4

magistra-luri da respublikuri gzebis yoveldRiuri movla-Senaxva

6013 285.7 11 12 12 13 14 16 20 22 23 24 25 28 31.7 34

125

5 samecniero- teqnikuri progresi

56.8 1.2 1.6 2.1 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.1 5.5 6 6.5 7

6 saproeqto kvlevaZiebis samuSaoebi

88.4 1.6 2.3 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.4 5.9 6.5 7.2 7.9 8.6 9.3 10.3 11.2

7 ZiriTadi saSualebebis SeZena

102.9 2.3 2.8 3.8 4.7 5.6 6.1 6.9 7.7 8.3 9.1 10 10.8 11.9 12.9

8 sul 2306.8 52 68 84.3 109.3 125 138.5 154.6 170.3 186.5 204.9 223 242.8 266.8 280.8

wyaro: saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programa

126

cxrili 2. saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programis finansuri uzrunvelyofa (rogorc samuSaoTa Rirebuleba, ise Semosavali mocemulia 1996 wlis fasebSi)

# gadasaxadis dasaxeleba

1996 w

lis

progn

ozi

saS. w

liu

ri

zrdis

tempi

1996-200

0 ww

(%)

1997 1998 1999 2000

saS. w

liu

ri

zrdis

tempi

20

00 –

2010 ww

(%)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisa Tvis

5.0 9 8.6 9.4 10.2 11.1 9 12.1 13.2 14.4 15.7 17.1 18.6 20.3 22.1 24.1 26.3 1

maT Soris raionebi∗

1.0 - 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 - 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.9 6.4 7.0 7.6 8.3 9.0

2

sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciis Tvis

0.5 0.76 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 - 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2

3

avtosatransporto saSualebebis flobisaTvis

5.0 7.5 5.3 5.8 6.2 6.7 15 7.7 8.9 10.2 11.7 13.5 15.5 17.8 20.5 23.6 27.1

4 gzis vakisis farglebSi

0.2 - 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 - 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

∗ am gadasaxadebiT raionebSi miRebuli Semosavali mTlianad raionebSi rCeba da xmardeba adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebis movla-Senaxvas

127

komunikaciebis ganTavsebisa Tvis∗∗

5

gzebis mimdebare zolSi reklamebis ganTavsebisa Tvis∗∗

0.08 9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

6

saqarTvelos teritoriaze avtomanqanebis Semosvlisa Tvis

7.0 9 12.5 13.6 14.8 16.1 15 18.5 21.3 24.5 28.2 32.4 37.3 42.9 49.3 56.7 65.2

7

gzebis calkeuli monakveTebiT sargeblobisa Tvis da gzispira zolebSi samuSaoebis Catarebaze nebarTvis gacemisaTvis

0.1 9 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

8 sul sagzao fondis Semosavlebi

17.9 - 28.1 30.5 33 35.7 - 39.8 45.4 51.2 57.7 65.1 73.6 83.2 94.1 106.8 121

9 maT Soris regionebSi 1.0 - 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 - 4.2 4.6 5 5.4 5.9 6.4 6.8 7.6 8.3 9

10 biujetis asignebani 6.0 - 12.3 18 27 40.5 10 44.6 49 53.9 59.3 65.2 71.7 78.9 86.8 95.5 105

11. sul finansuri resursebi (8 + 10)

28.9 - 40.4 48.5 60 76.2 - 80.4 94.4 105.1 117 130.3 145.3 162.1 180.9 202.3 226

∗∗ am gadasaxadiT adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebidan miRebuli Semosavlebi mTlianad raionebSi rCeba da xmardeba adgilobrivi gzebis movla-Senaxvas

128

12.

dotacia adgilobrivi gzebis movla-Senaxvaze mcireSemosavliani raionebisaTvis

- - 0.7 2.2 2.5 3 - 3.5 3.8 3.5 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.5 5.5 6.3 7.1

13.

finansuri resursebi, romlebic miemarTeba saprezidento programis dafinansebisaTvis (11-9-12)

- - 36.7 43 53.9 71.3 - 72.7 86 96.6 107.5 120 134.1 151.8 167.8 187.7 209.9

sul saWiro saxsrebi: maT Soris

- - 52 68 84.3 109.3 - 125 138.5 154.6 170.3 186.5 204.9 223.0 242.8 266.8 280.8

prioritetuli marSrutebis modernizacia

- - 8.5 9.7 10 13.9 - 18.8 79.9 86 96.5 106.3 116.1 125.1 135.4 145.7 148.1

prioritetuli marSrutebis reabilitacia

- - 19.6 29.4 42.6 57.8 - 64.6 - - - - - - - - -

danarCeni magistraluri da respublikuri gzebis nawilobrivi reabilitacia

- - 7.8 10.2 10.6 13.1 - 14 27.7 32 33.4 37.1 42.7 48.8 53.3 60.7 67.6

14.

magistraluri da respublikuri gzebis yoveldRiuri movla-Senaxva

- - 11 12 12 13 - 14 16 20 22 23 24 25 28 31.7 34

129

samecniero teqnikuri progresi

- - 1.2 1.6 2.1 2.7 - 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.1 5.5 6 6.5 7

saproeqto kvlevaZie-bis samuSaoebi

- - 1.6 2.3 3.2 4.1 - 4.9 5.4 5.9 6.5 7.2 7.9 8.6 9.3 10.3 11.2

ZiriTadi saSualebebis SeZena

- - 2.3 2.8 3.8 4.7 - 5.6 6.1 6.9 7.7 8.3 9.1 10 10.8 11.9 12.9

15.

deficiti, romelic kreditebiT da investicie-biT unda Seivsos

- - 15.3 25 30.4 38 - 52.3 52.8 58 62.8 66.5 70.8 71.2 75 79.1 70.9

wyaro: saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciis saprezidento programa

130

danarTi 5 – ssgsd-s struqtura da valdebulebebi

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisstruqtura da misi qvedanayofebis uflebamosilebebi

94

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis struqturaSiSedis: centraluri aparati, sauwyebo dawesebulebebi da departamentsdaqvemdebarebuli organizaciebi (sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi).

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis aparatisstruqtura:

§ departamentis xelmZRvaneloba

§ Tavmjdomaris aparati

§ saerTo ganyofileba

§ kadrebisa da iuridiul sakiTxTa ganyofileba

§ teqnikuri sammarTvelo

§ gzebis eqspluataciis sammarTvelo

§ ekonomikisa da finansebis sammarTvelo

§ sakonkurso sammarTvelo

§ sazRvargareTTan urTierTobebis ganyofileba

§ specialuri ganyofileba

§ sazogadoebasTan da presasTan urTierTobebis ganyofileba

§ sameurneo momsaxurebis ganyofileba

saqarTvelos prezidentis 2000 wlis 3 Tebervlis brZanebulebiT (#32), kerZosamarTlis iuridiul pirebad gardaiqmnen departaments daqvemdebarebulisajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi: gzebis reabilitaciisa da modernizaciisdireqcia da gzebis reabilitaciisa da movla-Senaxvis direqcia.95

departamentis xelmZRvanelis aparati uzrunvelyofs sagzao sistemis marTvas.

saerTo ganyofilebis ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens departamentis centra-luri aparatis saqmis warmoeba da sakancelario momsaxureba.

94 ssgsd-s debuleba, 1997 wlis 22 seqtemberi, prezidentis brZanebuleba #235, 7 maisi, 1999 weli;prezidentis brZanebuleba #426, 7 ivlisi, 1999 weli; prezidentis brZanebuleba #32, 3 Tebervali, 2000weli; prezidentis brZanebuleba #177, 2 maisi, 2003 weli;95 saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba #32, 3 Tebervali, 2000 weli


131

kadrebisa da iuridiul sakiTxTa ganyofilebis funqciebia: dargissakanonmdeblo proeqtebis momzadeba, departamentis iuridiuli momsaxureba,departamentis sistemaSi kanonierebisa da marTlwesrigis dacva. ganyofilebaxelmZRvanelobs sainJinro-teqnikuri da sxva personalis SerCevas dadaniSvna-gaTavisuflebas.

teqnikuri sammarTvelos ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens misi uSualomonawileoba sagzao sistemis samecniero-teqnikuri ganviTarebis strategiisSemuSavebaSi, progresuli teqnologiebis, konstruqciebis da samuSaoTawarmoebis meTodebis Ziebasa da SerCeva-danergvaSi saerTaSoriso standarte-bis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad dargis erTiani teqnikuri politikis SemuSavebismizniT. saavtomobilo gzebis, e.w. xelovnur nagebobaTa da sxva specialuridaniSnulebis sagzao nagebobebis sainJinro proeqtis dasamuSavebladSesabamisi davalebebis momzadeba da maTi wardgena dasamtkiceblad.

gzebis eqspluataciis sammarTvelos ZiriTadi amocanebia saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebisa da sagzao mowyobilobebis srulyofada ganviTareba, maTi saeqspluatacio maCveneblebis sistematuri zrda,adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis movla-Senaxvisa damSeneblobis koordinacia; departamentis Sesabamis sammarTveloebTan erTadmovla-Senaxvis, periodiuli SekeTebis, reabilitaciis, rekonstruqciisa damodernizaciis perspeqtiuli gegmebis SemuSaveba.

ekonomikisa da finansebis sammarTvelos funqciebia: saavtomobilo gzebisdargis ekonomikuri da finansuri ganviTarebis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebisgansazRvra, dargis sabuRaltro-ekonomikuri saqmianobis analizi da misiganviTarebis mokle da grZelvadiani prognozireba, sagzao fondisSemosavlebis analizi, prognozireba da kontroli, dargis restruqtu-rizaciis da ekonomikuri reformebis mimdinareobis analizi da saWiroebisSemTxvevaSi winadadebebis momzadeba da Sesabamisi koreqtivebis Setana.saavtomobilo gzebis rekonstruqciisa da movla-SenaxvisaTvis msofliossafinanso organizaciebidan miRebuli grantebisa da kreditebis, saxelmwifobiujetidan gamoyofili asignebebis, sagzao fondisa da sxva miznobrivisaxsrebis xarjze ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis wliuri gegmebis momzadebada maTi gacnoba moijarisa da daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebisaTvis;saxelmwifo biujetis proeqtis Sedgenisas departamentis interesebis dacvazemdgom instanciebSi, dargis daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebidansabuRaltro, ekonomikuri da safinanso maCveneblebis Sesaxeb informaciismiReba, damuSaveba da naerTi angariSebis wardgena Sesabamis organoebSi,dargis gansaxelmwifoebriobisa da privatizaciasTan dakavSirebulisamuSaoebis organizeba da meToduri xelmZRvaneloba.

sakonkurso sammarTvelo axorcielebs sagzao fondis, sabiujeto, sakredito,sagranto da sxva saxis SemosavlebiT miRebuli saxsrebis sakonkursowesiT ganawilebas; adgens departamentis mier gaweuli Sesyidvebis kvarta-lur da wliur angariSebs.

specialuri ganyofileba organizacias uwevs departamentis sistemaSisaidumlo saqmis warmoebas, amzadebs winadadebebs samobilizacio reze-


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rvebis nomenklaturisa da moculobebis Sesaxeb, akontrolebs daqvem-debarebul sagzao organizaciebSi samobilizacio rezervebis Senaxvas,ganaxlebasa da Sevsebas.

sazRvargareTTan urTierTobis ganyofilebis funqciaa sxvadasxva qveynebTansaqmiani urTierTobebis damyareba.

sazogadoebasTan da presasTan urTierTobis ganyofilebis funqciaa sazoga-doebasTan da masmediasTan urTierTobebis mogvareba.

departamentis sauwyebo dawesebulebebi:

departamentis sauwyebo dawesebulebebis _ sagzao fondis sammarTvelosada sagzao-sagadasaxado sammarTvelos ZiriTad saqmianobas warmoadgens„saqarTvelos sagzao fondis Sesaxeb“ kanoniT dadgenili gadasaxadebisamoReba.

sagzao fondis sammarTvelos ZiriTadi funqciaa, Seagrovos saavtomobilogzebiT sargeblobis, gzis vakisis farglebSi komunikaciebis ganTavsebisTvisda gzis mimdebare zolSi reklamebis ganTavsebisaTvis dawesebuli gadasaxadebi.

sagzao-sagadasaxado sammarTvelos ZiriTad amocanas warmoadgens sagzaogadasaxadebis - sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciis, avtosatransportosaSualebebis flobis gadasaxadebis da rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobissafasuris sagzao fondSi akumulireba.

departaments daqvemdebarebuli sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi:

afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis saavtomobilo gzebis direqciavaldebulia, SeimuSaos afxazeTis regionSi saavtomobilo gzebis qselisganviTarebis proeqti da warudginos saxelmwifo departaments erTianipolitikis SesamuSaveblad.

analogiuri funqcia ekisreba aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis saavto-mobilo gzebis direqcias aWaris regionSi. man koordinireba unda gauwiosregionSi adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis movla-Senaxvasada mSenebloba-rekonstruqcias.

proeqtebis eqspertizis sammarTvelo asrulebs Semdeg ZiriTad funqciebs:atarebs saproeqto-saxarjTaRricxvo dokumentaciis eqspertizas da adgensSesabamis daskvnas saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departa-mentis teqnikuri dokumentaciis damuSavebisa da damtkicebis dadgeniliwesebis Sesabamisad; adgens wesebs racionalizatoruli winadadebebisada gamogonebebisaTvis; monawileobs rTuli obieqtebis daproeqtebis ganxi-lvasa da ZiriTadi saproeqto gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi.

kavSirgabmulobisa da informaciis sammarTvelo uzrunvelyofs saqarT-velos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis sistemaSi arsebulikavSirgabmulobis saxazo, sasadguro mowyobilobebis, radiosadgurebismovla-patronobas da teqnikur eqspluatacias.


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departaments daqvemdebarebuli sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebisdebulebebi damtkicda departamentSi. magram, rogorc kontrolis palatismasalebiT irkveva, es debulebebi ar moicavs am organizaciebis finansursaqmianobas da saxelmwifo kontrolis meqanizmebs, rac arRvevs kanons“sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis uflebebis Sesaxeb”.

departamentis ufleba-movaleobebi

departamentis ZiriTadi amocanebia:

§ sagzao dargSi erTiani socialuri, ekonomikuri da samecniero-teqnikuripolitikis SemuSaveba da gatareba, saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi myofisaerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis qselis marTva, misisrulyofa da ganviTareba ekonomikuri, demografiuli, ekologiurida erovnul-politikuri interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT

§ dargis ganviTarebis strategiis SemuSaveba da realizacia

§ avtosatransporto komunikaciebiT erovnuli meurneobisa da mosax-leobis uzrunvelyofa

§ dargis saxelmwifo regulireba

§ dargis sakanonmdeblo bazis, normativebisa da standartebis SemuSavebada danergva

§ qveynis saavtomobilo gzebis qselis ganviTarebis perspeqtiulimimarTulebebis gansazRvra da maTi realizaciis zedamxedveloba;

§ dargis sagareo-ekonomikuri urTierTobebis strategiuli mimarTu-lebebis gansazRvra, am sferos koordinacia, ucxouri investiciebisada kreditebis mosazidad dasabuTebuli winadadebebisa da Ronis-Ziebebis momzadeba-realizacia

§ sazRvargareTis qveynebis gamocdilebis analizi da misi gaTvalis-winebiT dargis struqturis srulyofa, ekonomikuri reformirebissaxelmwifo programis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba, Sesabamisisakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna

§ saerTaSoriso sagzao organizaciebSi saqarTvelos wardgena

§ sazRvargareTis qveynebTan TanamSromloba

§ dargis samecniero-teqnikuri ganviTarebis strategiis SemuSaveba,progresuli teqnologiebis, konstruqciebisa da samuSaoTa warmoebismeTodebis Zieba, SerCeva da danergva

§ adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis movla-Senaxvisa damSeneblobis koordinacia, adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis gzebis TanabradganviTarebis uzrunvelyofa


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§ sajaro xelisuflebis samxareo da raionul organoTa struqturebSiSemavali departamentis profilis samsaxurTa saqmianobis meTodurida meTodologiuri xelmZRvaneloba

§ departamentis sistemaSi kanonierebisa da marTlwesrigis dacva

§ dargis ganviTarebis saprezidento programis realizacia

departamentis funqciebia:

§ dargis saqmianobis analizi da misi ganviTarebis mokle da grZelva-diani prognozireba

§ dargis ganviTarebis grZelvadiani saxelmwifo programebisa, maTsafuZvelze yovelwliuri programebis SemuSaveba da maTi Sesrulebiskontroli

§ kanonproeqtebis Sesaxeb daskvnebisa da SeniSvnebis momzadeba

§ licenzirebis erTiani sistemis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba

§ saproeqto-saxarjTaRricxvo dokumentaciis dargobrivi eqpertiza, saav-tomobilo gzebis samuSaoTa xarisxis kontroli

§ dargSi restruqturizaciisa da ekonomikuri reformebis periodulianalizi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi maTSi Sesabamisi koreqtivebis Setana

§ saavtomobilo gzebis mSeneblobis, rekonstruqciisa da movla-Senaxvis-Tvis gamoyofili saxsrebis miznobrivad xarjvis kontroli

§ saavtomobilo gzebis mSeneblobis, rekonstruqciisa da movla-SenaxvissamuSaoTa damkveTis funqciis Sesruleba, sagzao samuSaoTa konkursiTganawileba

§ dargobrivi sainformacio bankis, sainformacio sistemebis Seqmna daganviTareba

§ departamentis sakadro politikis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba

§ saxelmwifo biujetTan angariSsworeba

§ sauwyebo dawesebulebebis, sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebisuzrunvelyofa safinanso, sakredito, samarTlebrivi, organizaciulida sxva saxis momsaxurebiT, maTi interesebis dacva

§ “evropa-kavkasia-aziis” satransporto derefnis Seqmnasa da funqcio-nirebasTan dakavSirebuli samuSaoebis organizacia da koordinacia,dainteresebul qveynebTan da saerTaSoriso safinanso-sakreditoorganizaciebTan TanamSromloba

§ sagangebo situaciebisa da stiqiuri movlenebis mosalodneli Sedegebis


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analizi, Sefaseba da profilaqtikur RonisZiebaTa SemuSaveba, sali-kvidacio samuSaoebis koordinacia, saavtomobilo gzebze SeuferxebelimoZraobisTvis aucilebeli RonisZiebebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba

§ TanamSromloba sagzao policiis mTavar sammarTvelosTan saavtomobilogzebze usafrTxo da Seuferxebeli moZraobis uzrunvelsayofad

§ dargis samobilizacio RonisZiebaTa gegmis SemuSaveba

§ departamentis sauwyebo dawesebulebebis, sajaro samarTlis iuridiulpirTa saxelmwifo qonebis, agreTve dargis privatizebuli sawarmoebissaxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi darCenili qonebis nawilis marTva

§ dargis muSa-mosamsaxureTa momzadeba da kvalifikaciis amaRleba

§ dargis muSa-mosamsaxureTa Sromisa da sayofacxovrebo pirobebisgasaumjobeseblad RonisZiebaTa SemuSaveba da maTi realizaciis xel-Sewyoba

§ “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” kanonis Sesabamisad saerTo sargeb-lobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi infrastruqturisganviTarebis regulireba da sxvadasxva obieqtebis mSeneblobisaTvissaTanado nebarTvis gacema

departaments ufleba aqvs:

§ monawileoba miiRos qveynis ekonomikuri da socialuri politikis,kanonproeqtebis, indikaturi gegmebis, saxelmwifo biujetis proeqtebisSemuSavebasa da ganxilvaSi

§ departamentisaTvis dakisrebuli funqciebis gansaxorcieleblad moiT-xovos Sesabamisi informacia rogorc saxelmwifo, ise kerZo struq-turebidan

§ marTos mis daqvemdebarebaSi myofi saxelmwifo sawarmoebi da saxel-mwifo qoneba

§ dadgenili wesiT Seqmnas sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi dasaxelmwifos sauwyebo dawesebulebebi, moaxdinos maTi reorganizacia-likvidacia

§ dargis interesebidan gamomdinare, gamosces brZanebebi, daamtkicosinstruqciebi, meToduri miTiTebebi da sxva aqtebi, romelTa Sesrulebasavaldebuloa saqarTvelos saministroebisa da uwyebebis, sawarmoebis,organizaciebis da fizikuri pirebisTvis ganurCevlad maTi sakuTrebis,organizaciuli Tu samarTlebrivi formisa

§ saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gaaformos xelSekrulebebi iuridiul dafizikur pirebTan, aanazRauros maTi momsaxureba

§ xelSekrulebis safuZvelze moiwvios konsultantebi


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§ gaaformos SromiTi xelSekrulebebi (kontraqtebi) moqalaqeebTan dauzrunvelyos maTi Sromis anazRaureba

§ miavlinos specialistebi sazRvargareT kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad,konferenciebisa da simpoziumebSi monawileobis misaRebad

§ gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis proeqtebis realizaciisaTvis saqarT-velos prezidents warudginos dasabuTebuli winadadebebi sabiujetoasignebaTa damatebiT gamoyofis Sesaxeb

§ saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministrosTan SeTanxmebiT, gzebis calkeulimonakveTebiT sargeblobaze daawesos safasuri

§ daamyaros urTierTobebi sxva qveynebis Sesabamis saxelmwifo orga-noebTan, saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan, iuridiul da fizikur pirebTan,da dados maTTan xelSekruleba

§ dasvas sakiTxi im organizaciebisaTvis licenziis gauqmebis Taobaze,romlebsac aqvT sagzao samuSaoebis warmoebis ufleba, magram licen-ziis miRebisas ar miuRiaT departamentis Tanxmoba

§ saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis Sesabamisad (kari XV, Tavi 47),Seqmnas departamentis muSakTa materialuri waxalisebisa da depar-tamentis materialur-teqnikuri bazis ganviTarebis fondi, daadginosam fondis saxsrebis gankargvis wesi

§ ganaxorcielos saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli sxva uf-lebamosilebani

departamenti valdebulia:

§ moaxsenos saqarTvelos prezidents departamentisaTvis dakisrebuliamocanebis Sesrulebisa da uflebamosilebaTa realizaciis Sesaxeb

§ mWidrod iTanamSromlos centralur, avtonomiuri respublikebis, sam-xareo da raionul (saqalaqo) saxelisuflebo uwyebebTan

§ dadgenil vadaSi da saTanado formiT uzrunvelyos Sesabamis sa-xelmwifo uwyebaSi saangariSgebo, saprognozo da statistikuriinformaciis wardgena

§ sazogadoebas sistematurad miawodos informacia dargSi mimdinareprocesebis Sesaxeb

§ uzrunvelyos saavtomobilo gzebze usafrTxo da SeuferxebelimoZraoba

§ daicvas departamentis sauwyebo dawesebulebebis sajaro samarTlisiuridiuli pirebisa da dargSi dasaqmebuli muSakebis interesebi

§ pasuxi agos Tavis kompetenciaSi Semaval sakiTxebze


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danarTi 6 – sagzao gadasaxadebi da mosakreblebi

saqarTveloSi amJamad Semdegi saxis sagzao gadasaxadebia dawesebuli:

1. saaqcizo gadasaxadi importirebul benzinze

saqarTvelos sabaJo departamentis saaqcizo samsaxuris informaciiT,saqarTveloSi importirebul benzinze, misi saxeobis miuxedavad, dawesebulisaaqcizo gadasaxadi tonaze 200 lars Seadgens (≈ 100 aSS dolari). saaqcizogadasaxadis akrefas axorcielebs saqarTvelos sabaJo departamenti.saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsSi Setanili cvlilebebis, 1998 wlis“saxelmwifo biujetis Sesaxeb” kanonis da saqarTvelos prezidentis 1998wlis 22 ivnisis #383 brZanebulebis Tanaxmad, importirebul benzinzesaaqcizo gadasaxadis saxiT miRebuli Semosavlebis nawili ssf-Sigadairicxeba. 1998 wlidan moyolebuli, importirebul benzinze saaqcizoSemosavlebSi ssf-s wili 100%-dan 30%-mde meryeobda.

2. gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblo-bisaTvis

“sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad, gadasaxads saerTosargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvis ixdis saqarTvelosteritoriaze sawarmoo saqmianobiT dakavebuli yvela sawarmo. sagadasaxadoganakveTebi Semdegnairad aris gansazRvruli96 :

§ sagzao da samgzavro gadazidvebiT dakavebuli yvela sawarmo ixdisavtosatransporto saSualebaTa gamoyenebiT miRebuli Semosavlis 2%-s;

§ komerciuli bankebi gaweuli momsaxurebisaTvis ixdian miRebuliSemosavlis 0.5%-s;

§ savaWro da sabrokero saqmianobiT dakavebuli mewarmeebi ixdiangaweuli momsaxurebisaTvis miRebuli Semosavlis 0.1%-s;

§ sxva sawarmoebi ixdian warmoebuli produqciis an gaweuli momsaxu-rebisaTvis miRebuli Semosavlis 1%-s

§ sawarmoebi, romelTa sawarmoo an komerciuli saqmianobis adgiligasxvisebis zolSi mdebareobs, ixdian gadasaxads Sesabamisi ganakveTisormagi odenobiT.

gadasaxadebis akrefas axorcieleben ssf-s Sesabamisi ganyofilebebi.kanonis Tanaxmad, saangariSo periodis bolos (yovelkvartalurad)gadamxdelebma ssf-s Sesabamis samsaxurebs sagadasaxado deklaracia undawarudginon da ssf-s sabanko angariSze Sesabamisi Tanxa gadaricxon.gadasaxadi saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobisaTvisCaiTvleba warmoebis danaxarjebSi.

96 saqarTvelos kanoni “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”, muxli 4


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3. avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi

avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi saqarTvelossagadasaxado kodeqsis meSvide muxlSia gansazRvruli. aRniSnuligadasaxadis ganakveTebia97 :

msubuq avtomobilebze - yovelwliurad 5 lari (≈2.5 aSS dolari)

satvirTo avtomobilebze:

tvirTamweobiT 3 tonamde – yovelwliurad 10 lari (≈5 aSS dolari)

tvirTamweobiT 3-dan 10 tonamde – yovelwliurad 50 lari (≈25 aSS dolari)

tvirTamweobiT 10-dan 20 tonamde – yovelwliurad 80 lari (≈40 aSS dolari)

tvirTamweobiT 20 tonaze meti – yovelwliurad 100 lari (≈50 aSS dolari)

avtobusebze:

12-mde samgzavro adgilis raodenobiT – yovelwliurad 50 lari (≈25 aSS dolari)

13-dan 30-mde adgilis raodenobiT – yovelwliurad 70 lari ( ≈35 aSS dolari)

30-ze meti adgilis raodenobiT – yovelwliurad 100 lari (≈50 aSS dolari)

avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxads ixdian avtosatran-sporto saSualebis registraciisa da yovelwliuri teqnikuridaTvalierebisas. avtosatransporto saSualebis registracia, xelaxaliregistracia da teqnikuri daTvalierebis gavla SeuZlebelia am gada-saxadisgareSe. gadasaxadis akrefa xdeba ssf-s ganyofilebebis mier sagzaodepartamentTan da Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTan erTad.

4. saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlis mosakrebeli

saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlis da satranzito mosakreblebiganisazRvreba saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsiT. maTi gadamxdeliasaqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosuli ucxo qveynebSi registrirebulavtosatransporto saSualebis, aseve, saqarTveloSi registrirebuliavtosatransporto saSualebis nebismieri mflobeli, Tuki igi saqarTvelosgavliT satranzito gadazidvas axorcielebs. saqarTvelos teritoriazeSemosvlisa da satranzito gadasaxadebs sabaJo mosakreblebTan erTadixdian. aRniSnuli gadasaxadi Seadgens98 :

msubuq avtomobilebze – 60 lars (≈30 aSS dolari)

satvirTo avtomobilebze:

tvirTamweobiT 3 tonamde – 230 lars (≈115 aSS dolari)

97 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi (2003 wlis mdgomareobiT), muxli 16198 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi (2003 wlis mdgomareobiT), muxli 205


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tvirTamweobiT 3-dan 10 tonamde – 380 lars (≈190 aSS dolari)



tvirTamweobiT 40 tonaze meti: – 880 lars (≈440 aSS dolari)

avtobusebze:

12-mde samgzavro adgilis raodenobiT – 115 lars (≈57 aSS dolari)

13-dan 30-mde adgilis raodenobiT – 230 lars (≈115 aSS dolari)

30-ze meti adgilis raodenobiT – 380 lars (≈190 aSS dolari)

saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa da satranzito mosakreblebisgadaxda sazRvris gadakveTisas xdeba. gadasaxadebis akrefas axorcielebssabaJo departamenti da miRebuli saxsrebi ssf-s angariSze iricxeba.saqarTvelos teritoriaze Semosvlisa da satranzito mosakrebelTagadaxdaze garkveuli SeRavaTebi dawesda saqarTvelo-somxeTisa dasaqarTvelo-azerbaijanis sazRvrebis mimdebare raionebSi registrirebulavtosatransporto saSualebaTa mZRolebisaTvis.

5. gadasaxadebi tvirTis wonis gadametebisa da avtosatransportosaSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvis

gadasaxadebi tvirTis wonis gadametebasa da avtosatransporto saSualebaTaRerZze zenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvis ganisazRvreba saqarTvelossagadasaxado kodeqsiT. gadasaxadebis gadamxdelebs saqarTvelosteritoriaze Semosuli ucxo qveynebSi registrirebul avtosatransportosaSualebaTa da saqarTveloSi registrirebul avtosatransportosaSualebaTa mZRolebi warmoadgenen. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac tvirTis wonaaRemateba avtosatransporto saSualebis tvirTamweobas, misi mflobelian mZRoli ixdis gadasaxads TiToeul damatebiT tonaze Semdegi ganakveTiT99 :

20 tonamde tvirTamweobis avtosatransporto saSualebebi – Semosvlismosakreblis 10%-is odenobiT

20 tonaze meti tvirTamweobis avtosatransporto saSualebebi – Semosvlismosakreblis 5%-is odenobiT

saqarTveloSi TiToeul RerZze daSvebuli datvirTva 10 tonaa. RerZzezenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvis gadasaxadi Seadgens100 :

≤ 0.5 tona TiToeul RerZze – 50 lari (≈25 aSS dolari)

0.5-1.0 tona TiToeul RerZze – 80 lari (≈40 aSS dolari)

99 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi (2003 wlis mdgomareobiT), muxli 205100 saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi (2003 wlis mdgomareobiT), muxli 205


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avtosatransporto saSualeba, romlis RerZze datvirTva 13 tonas aRemateba,saqarTveloSi ar daiSveba.

tvirTis wonis gadametebis gadasaxadebis akrefa saqarTvelos sazRvarzexorcieldeba, avtosatransporto saSualebaTa RerZze zenormatiulidatvirTvisaTvis gadasaxadebi ki ssgsd-s mier SerCeul adgilebSi ikrifeba.amas axorcieleben sagadasaxado departamentisa da ssf-s TanamSromlebi,xolo Semosavlebi ssf-s sabanko angariSebze iricxeba.

6. sawvav-sapox masalaTa realizaciis gadasaxadebi

sawvav-sapox masalaTa realizaciis gadasaxadebi ganisazRvreba saqarTveloskanoniT “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”. gadasaxadi ikrifeba ssf-s mier. sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciisaTvis gadasaxadebs am masalebis mwarmoeblebiixdian, romelTaTvis gadasaxadis odenoba produqciis gayidvis SemdegaqciziTa da dRg-s gamoklebiT miRebuli Semosavlis 5%-s Seadgens; xoloaRniSnuli produqciis realizatori da Suamavali firmebisaTvis es odenoba(aqcizisa da dRg-s gadaxdis Semdeg) produqciaSi gadaxdil da miRebulfass Soris sxvaobis 5%-ia101 . kanonis Tanaxmad, gadamxdelebma saangariSoperiodis bolos (erTi Tve) ssf-s Sesabamis samsaxurebSi sagadasaxadodeklaracia unda waradginon da ssf-s TanamSromelTa mier miTiTebulsabanko angariSebze Sesabamisi Tanxa gadaricxon.

7. saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi miwisqveSakomunikaciebis eqspluataciis, sareklamo stendebisa da firniSebisganTavsebis gadasaxadebi

saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi miwisqveSakomunikaciebis eqspluataciis, sareklamo stendebisa da firniSebisganTavsebis gadasaxadebi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanoniT “sagzaofondis Sesaxeb”. gadasaxadebi ikrifeba sagzao fondis sammarTvelos mier.saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis mimdebare zolSi miwisqveSakomunikaciebis eqspluataciis gadasaxads am komunikaciebis mflobelebiixdian da misi ganakveTi erT grZiv metrze 0.15 lars Seadgens102 , sareklamostendebisa da firniSebis ganTavsebis gadasaxadebs sareklamo stendebisada firniSebis mflobelebi ixdian, romelTaTvis Semdegi ganakveTebiadawesebuli103 :

101 “saqarTvelos kanoni sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”, muxli 5102 “saqarTvelos kanoni sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”, muxli 8103 “saqarTvelos kanoni sagzao fondis Sesaxeb”, muxli 8


141

§ saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis gaswvriv ganTav-sebuli sareklamo stendebisa da firniSebisTvis - kvadratul metrze26 lari

§ Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis gaswvrivsareklamo stendebisa da firniSebis ganTavsebisaTvis - kvadratulmetrze 20 lari

§ adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis saavtomobilo gzebis gaswvriv sareklamostendebisa da firniSebis ganTavsebisaTvis - kvadratul metrze 6.5 lari

kanonis Tanaxmad, gadamxdelebma saangariSo periodis bolos (erTi weliwadi)ssf-s Sesabamis samsaxurebs unda warudginon sagadasaxado deklaraciada ssf-s TanamSromelTa mier miTiTebul sabanko angariSebze SesabamisiTanxa gadaixadon.

8. rikoTis sauReltexilo gvirabiT sargeblobis mosakrebeli

rikoTis sauReltexilo gvirabiT sargeblobis mosakrebeli ganisazRvrebassgsd-s Tavmjdomaris 1999 wlis 25 ianvris #6 brZanebulebiT. mosakrebelsixdis yvela avtosatransporto saSualebis mZRoli rikoTis uReltexilisorive mimarTulebiT gavlisas da dawesebuli ganakveTebi Seadgens104 :

§ msubuqi manqanebisa da avtobusebisaTvis (romlebSic samgzavro adgile-bis raodenoba 30-s ar aRemateba) – 1 lars

§ 10 tonamde tvirTamweobis satvirTo manqanebisaTvis – 2 lars

§ satvirTo manqanebisaTvis, romelTa tvirTamweobac 10 tonas aRematebada avtobusebisaTvis, romelSic samgzavro adgilebis raodenoba 30-saRemateba – 3 lars

gadasaxadebs krefs ssf-s sagzao sagadasaxado samsaxurebi da miRebuliSemosavlebi gvirabis movla-SenaxvisaTvis aris gankuTvnili.

104 ssgsd-s Tavmjdomaris 1999 wlis 25 ianvris brZaneba #6


142

danarTi 7 – ssgsd-s Semosavlebi 1996-2003 wlebSi

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisSemosavlebi dafinansebis wyaroebis mixedviT 1996 wlidan 2003wlis pirveli 5 Tvis CaTvliT (aTasi lari)

105


# wyaroebi 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 aqcizi (30% importirebuli benzinis aqcizidan)

- - 11,724.0 13,591.4 4,319.1 11,298.3 13,652.9 4,200.0

2

saavtomobilo gzebiT sargeblobis gadasaxadi

5,906.0 11,719.9 11,010.2 10,816.1 11,741.0 15,500.0 16,224.2 7,796.1

3

avtosatransporto saSualebebis sakuTrebis gadasaxadi

5,914.0 5,252.5 5,541.1 5,618.4 4,374.3 2,044.7 1,879.4 838.3

4

gadasaxadi saqarTvelos teritoriaze avtosatransporto saSualebebis SemosvlisaTvis

7,169.0 8,563.0 9,855.3 10,646.6 9,935.0 7,782.3 8,985.4 3,271.5

5

gadasaxadi avtosatransporto saSualebebis zenormatiuli datvirTvisaTvis

- - - - - - - 32.5

6

sawvav-sapoxi masalebis realizaciis gadasaxadi

585.0 996.8 1,279.1 1,293.9 1,421.9 1,566.1 1,521.9 542.0

7 rikoTis gvirabiT sargeblobis safasuri

274.0 407.3 451.4 496.7 184.0 624.4 649.2 239.0

8

transferti biujetidan (prezidentis fondi, saxelmwifo biujeti)

7,295.0 8,868.0 3,527.2 300.0 300.0 1,500.0 1,000.0 200.0

9 ucxouri grantebi da kreditebi - 3,177.5 3,502.1 626.9 - 25,930.0 44,771.0 -

10 Semosavali latariis realizaciidan

- - - 113.7 - - - -

11 naSTi 1,705.5

sul 27,143.0 38,985.0 46,890.4 43,503.7 32,275.3 66,245.8 88,684.0 18,824.9

105 fasebi mocemulia nominalis mixedviT. 1996–2003 wlebSi inflaciis saSualo done Seadgenda 7%-s

danarTi 7 – ssgsd-s Semosavlebi 1996-2003 wlebSi

143

danarTi 8 – ssgsd-s danaxarjebi 1996-2003 wlebSi

saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis xarjebi1996 wlidan 2003 wlis pirveli 5 Tvis CaTvliT (aTasi lari)

# xarjebis dasaxeleba 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1

gzebis mSenebloba, reabilitacia, mimdinare, perioduli remonti, Senaxva zamTris periodSi, gamwvaneba

27,570.9 35,252.1 43,282.3 39,941.7 26,492.9 48,472.6 75,009.1 11,057.0

2

quveiTis fondisa da msoflio bankis kreditebis Tanadafi-nanseba

- - - - - 2,215.0 6,804.3 1,535.0

3

aTvisebul kreditebze ZiriTadi da sargeblobis gadasaxadis gadaxda

- - - - - 3,259.7 1,141.6 -

4

wina wlebSi Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis aunazRaure-lebeli nawilis gadaxda

- - - - - 3,860.0 5,819.6 3,918.8

5

departamentisa da sauwyebo dawesebulebebis aparatis xarjebi

1,169.8 1,485.5 1,426.9 1,393.8 1,391.0 1,792.9 1,817.6 573.9

6

sarezervo xarjebi mosalodneli stiqiuri movlenebis salikvidaciod

- - - - - 1,912.0 1,788.0 912.2

7

kreditebisa da grantebis momsaxurebis xarjebi

- - - - - - 149.5 16.5


144


8

Tbilisis meriisaTvis gadacemuli transfertebi

- - 1,271.0 1,704.5 1,226.6 536.2 - -

9

organiza-ciebis mier zedmetad Caricxuli Tanxebis ukan dabruneba

- - - - 313.9 521.9 4.3 -

10

materialur-teqnikuri bazis ganmtkiceba da xarjebi

- 208.4 70.5 19.9 - 18.6 - -

11 latariis gamoSvebis xarjebi

- - - 115.8 - - - -

12

sasamarTlo gadawyveti-lebebiT dakisrebuli gadasaxdeli Tanxebi

- - - - - - - 400.0

sul 28,740.7 36,946.0 46,050.7 43,175.7 29,424.4 62,588.9 92,534.0 18,413.4


145

danarTi 9 – saerTaSoriso grantebi da kreditebi

evrogaerTianebis granti106

1997 wlis martSi saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da evrogaerTianebas Sorisdaido finansuri xelSekruleba #197/202 2 milioni ekius gamoyofis Sesaxeb.es Tanxa gaTvaliswinebuli iyo:

§ mdinare xramze mSenebare xidis dasrulebisa da masTan misasvleligzebis mSeneblobisaTvis

§ wiTel xidze aRdgeniTi da saremonto samuSaoebis Casatareblad

§ wiTel xidze sakontrolo-gamSvebi punqtis mosawyobad

grantis gamoyofa 1996 wels, tasisis programiT moxda. proeqtis xangrZlivoba12 Tves Seadgenda. misi ganxorcieleba 1997 wlis seqtemberSi daiwyo da1998 wlis oqtomberSi dasrulda.

xelSekrulebis mixedviT, Sesrulebul samuSaoebs evrokomisia aanazRau-rebda da Tanxa pirdapir menardeTa angariSze Cairicxeboda. avansi saerToTanxis 35%-s Seadgenda, xolo Sualeduri gadaxda yoveli 3 Tvis bolosmoxdeboda. anazRaureba xdeboda Sesrulebuli samuSaos moculobisa daRirebulebis evrokomisiis damkvirveblis, ssgsd-sa da menardeTa erToblividaangariSebis safuZvelze. Tumca xelSekrulebiT gansazRvruli Tanxis5% Seyovnda, raTa misi gadaxda sagarantio periodis (1 weli) Semdegmomxdariyo. evrokomisiis grantis farglebSi ganxorcielebul samuSaoebSi3 qarTveli menarde monawileobda.

samuSaoTa mTlianma Rirebulebam, garda sakontrolo-gamSvebi punqtisa,1858600 ekiu (2826900 lari) Seadgina. Tumca larisa da ekius gacvliTikursis vardnis gamo warmoqmnili deficitis dasafarad saqarTveloscentraluri biujetidan damatebiT kidev 650 aTasi lari iqna gamoyofilida proeqtis Rirebulebac 3477000 laramde gaizarda.

unda aRiniSnos, rom evrogaerTianebis grantiT sasazRvro sakontrolo-gamSvebi punqtis mSenebloba ar ganxorcielda, raki evrogaerTianebammimdinare sazRvris demilitarizaciis gamo samuSaoebi ar daafinansa. maTisafasuri ssgsd-m gadaixada.

iaponiis mTavrobis granti

saqarTvelos prezidentis TxovniT, iaponiis mTavrobam ganixila saqarTve-losaTvis sagzao-samSeneblo manqana-danadgarebis grantis saxiT gamoyofissakiTxi.

106 kontrolis palata, “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebodawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqti”, 1999 weli da ssgsd-s masalebi


146

1998 wlis ivnisSi ssgsd-m iaponiis saelCos warudgina gzebis reabilitaciisproeqti, xolo 2001 wlis TebervalSi iaponiis mTavrobam proeqtisSesamuSaveblad saqarTveloSi misia gamogzavna. proeqti waredgina iaponiissaerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis saagentos ( JICA). saWiro manqana-danadgarebiSearCia iaponuri kompaniam CPC, ris Semdegac ssgsd-sa da iaponiis saelCosSoris daido SeTanxmeba saqarTvelosaTvis 304 milioni iaponuri ienisgamoyofis Taobaze. tenderiT SeirCa momwodebeli (“micubiSi”). 2001 wlis30 oqtombris angariS-faqturisa da 2001 wlis 29 dekembris sabaJo deklara-ciis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi Semoitanes 16 erTeuli sagzao-samSeneblomanqana da saTadarigo nawilebis 8 kompleqti. manqana-danadgarebi moicavda:

§ asfalt-betonis damgebs

§ didi simZlavris buldozers

§ 4 maRali warmadobis avtogreiders

§ 4 mtvirTavs

§ 4 satkepn manqanas

§ 40-toniani tvirTamweobis trailers;

§ “pikapis” tipis sapatrulo daniSnulebis manqanas

manqana-danadgarebis saerTo Rirebulebam 266.9 milioni ieni, anu 4263500lari (2300000 aSS dolari) Seadgina.

manqana-danadgarebi ssgsd-s gadaeca. ssgsd-s Tavmjdomaris mier 2002 wlis2 aprils gacemuli brZanebis Tanaxmad, unda Seqmniliyo specialurisatendero komisia, romelic SeimuSavebda aRniSnuli manqana-danadgarebisgaqiravebis wesebs Caatarebda tenders im kompaniis gamosavlenad, romelicmanqana-danadgarebis movla-Senaxvas uzrunvelyofda. 2002 wlis 3 aprilsmanqana-danadgarebi ss “graali 92”-s gadaeca droebiT Sesanaxad (risisafasuric yovelTviurad 6822 lars Seadgenda), sanam SeirCeoda kompania,romelic manqana-danadgarebis movla-Senaxvas ganaxorcielebda. kontrolispalatis monacemebiT, 2002 wlis seqtemberSi 16 manqana-danadgaridan 7 jerkidev “graali 92”-is gankargulebaSi iyo, xolo 9 kerZo menardeebs miaqiraves.

msoflio bankis kreditebi

1996 wlis 31 ianvars saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da saerTaSoriso ganviTarebissaagentos Soris miRweuli iqna SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos sarkinigzo dasaavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisaTvis 12 milioni aSS dolaris sesxisgamoyofis Taobaze. 8.75 milioni aSS dolari saavtomobilo gzebis reabili-taciisaTvis iyo gankuTvnili da Semdeg saqmianobas unda moxmareboda:

§ sainJinro samuSaoebs _ 2.4 milioni aSS dolari

§ manqana-danadgarebisa da masalebis Sesyidvas _ 3.1 milioni aSS dolari


147

§ kvlevebis Catarebasa da sakonsultacio momsaxurebas _ 1.3 milioniaSS dolari

§ sarezervo fondis Seqmnas (mogvianebiT es saxsrebi sagzao samu-SaoebisaTvis gamoiyenes) _ 1.95 milioni aSS dolari

SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad, saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos wili sainJinro(gzebis mSeneblobisa da SekeTebis) samuSaoebis saerTo Rirebulebis 57%-sSeadgenda, xolo saqarTvelos mxares darCenili 43% unda daefinansebina.amiT Tavdapirveli Tanxa 4.21 milioni aSS dolariT gaizarda. proeqti undadasrulebuliyo 1998 wlamde.

kontrolis palatis monacemebiT, menardeebis, manqana-danadgarebisa da masa-lebis mimwodebelTa SerCeva tenderis safuZvelze ganxorcielda. wesebida pirobebi saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosTan da evropis rekon-struqciisa da ganviTarebis bankTan SeaTanxmes. satendero komisiaSi Sedio-da evraziis satransporto derefnis problemebis sakoordinacio centris(esdpk) warmomadgeneli. tenderis Sedegebi esdpk-sa da msoflio banksgaacnes. msoflio bankis mier SerCeul kandidatTa damtkicebis Semdegssgsd-sa da kerZo menardeebs Soris xelSekrulebebi daido. dasrulebulisamuSaoebi daamtkica specialurma komisiam, romelSic esdpk-s warmomad-genelic Sedioda. komisiis daskvnebi esdpk-m msoflio banks warudgina dasaqarTvelos mxridan Tanadafinansebis uzrunvelyofis Semdeg gamoiyodafinanseba.

kreditma ssgsd-s saSualeba misca Seesrulebina 1300 km saerTaSoriso daSidasaxelmwifoebrivi gzebis SekeTebisa da movla-Senaxvis samuSaoebi,Seesyida saWiro danadgarebi da masalebi. Catarda 1.2 milioni kuburimetris miwis samuSaoebi; daaxloebiT 77 aTas kvadratul metrze 107 gakeTdaormagi asfaltis safari; 110597 kvadratul metrze Catarda zedapirulidamuSavebis samuSaoebi; aSenda ori xidi; aRadgines 1320 kvadratuli me-tri damcavi kedeli. samSeneblo masalebze, manqana-danadgarebsa da saTada-rigo nawilebze 2015100 aSS dolari daixarja. mniSvnelovan SenaZenadunda CaiTvalos garemos dacviTi laboratoria da xidebis sacdelilaboratoria.

1996 wlis 31 ianvars saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da saerTaSoriso ganviTarebissaagentos Soris dadebuli #2809 sakredito xelSekrulebiT mTlianmadanaxarjma 9408200 aSS dolari Seadgina, aqedan saerTaSoriso ganviTarebissaagentos wili 6796900 aSS dolari iyo.

jer kidev msoflio bankis pirveli kreditiT mimdinare sagzao sistemissareabilitacio samuSaoebisas ganixileboda meore analogiuri kreditisgamoyofis sakiTxi. 1998 wels msoflio bankis eqspertTa mier saqarTveloSigaweuli intensiuri samuSaos Sedegad, 2000 wlis 26 ivliss saqarTvelos

107 monacemebi #2809–GE sakredito xelSekrulebis Sesaxeb mopovebul iqna kontrolis palatis“saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebo dawesebulebebisSemowmebis aqtidan”, 1999 weli, da ssgsd-s masalebidan


148

mTavrobasa da msoflio banks Soris daido #3357–GE sasesxo xelSekru-leba108, romelic 29.8 milioni SDR-is109, anu 40 milioni aSS dolaris gamoyofasgulisxmobda. xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mTavroba gamoyofsdarCenil 15 milion aSS dolars (27.3%), kreditis vada 35 welia 10-wlianiSeRavaTiani periodiT, romlis saprocento gadasaxadi weliwadSi 0.75%-sSeadgens. sesxis mimRebs saqarTvelos finansTa saministro warmoadgens,romelic, Tavis mxriv, Tanxas igive pirobebiT gaasesxebs ssgsd-ze. samuSaoebi2001 wels daiwyo da 2004 wels unda dasruldes.

saqarTvelos parlamentSi 15-milioniani Tanadafinansebis sakiTxi cxarekamaTis sagani gaxda. msoflio bankis misia iTxovda, rom Tanadafinansebamomxdariyo centraluri biujetis da ara ssf-s saxsrebidan, rac asevexelSekrulebis erT-erT pirobas warmoadgenda. magram, finansTa saministrosrCeviT, sabiujeto resursebis simciris gamo, Tanadafinanseba orad undagayofiliyo: dRg-s da proeqtSi Tanamonawileobis nawilebad. finansTasaministro daTanxmda dRg-s nawilis centraluri biujetis saxsrebiTgadaxdas (Tanadafinansebis mTliani Tanxis 55%), xolo finansTa saministrosada ssgsd-s Soris 2000 wlis 7 noembers dadebuli qvexelSekrulebisTanaxmad, ssgsd Tanadafinansebis meore nawils uzrunvelyofda (45%)

∗.

aRniSnuli cvlilebebis Setanis Semdeg, 2000 wlis 10 noembers, moxdaxelSekrulebis ratificireba.

xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, proeqti xorcieldeba ssgsd-s da evraziulisatransporto derefnis sainvesticio centris (esdsc) daxmarebiT. funqciebiSemdegnairad gadanawilda:

§ ssgsd pasuxismgebeli iyo Casatarebel samuSaoTa dagegmvasa damarTvaze, satendero dokumentaciis momzadebaze, xarisxis kontrolsada Sesrulebuli samuSaoebis miRebaze, dasrulebuli samuSaoebisanazRaurebisaTvis Sesabamisi angariS-faqturebis momzadebasa da esdsc-saTvis maT wardgenaze

§ esdsc pasuxismgebelia proeqtis farglebSi ssgsd-s moqmedebebiskoordinaciaze, ssgsd-s davalebiT yvela saWiro finansuri operaciisCatarebasa da saproeqto angariSebis momzadebaze

msoflio bankis informaciiT, 50 milioni aSS dolari gzebis reabilitaciasunda moxmareboda: aqcenti gakeTdeboda gzebis SekeTebaze, magistralebismodernizebaze, sagzao niSnebisa da niSnulebis saSualebiT sagzaomoZraobis usafrTxoebis amaRlebaze. proeqti sam ZiriTad gzas moicavda:foTi – wiTeli xidis, Tbilisidan somxeTamde da Tbilisidan ruseTissazRvramde. proeqtis danarCeni Tanxa sagzao seqtoris mmarTvelobisinstituciur da profesiul gaumjobesebas unda moxmareboda.

108 monacemebi #3357–GE sakredito xelSekrulebis Sesaxeb mopovebul iqna kontrolis palatis“saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisa da qvesauwyebo dawesebulebebisSemowmebis 2002 wlis aqtidan” da ssgsd-s masalebidan109 specialuri nasyidobis ufleba∗ saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis darRveva ufro maRalirangis kanonis darRvevas warmoadgens


149

proeqti iTvaliswinebs:

§ sagzao transportirebis xarjebis Semcirebas da saqarTvelos ZiriTadisatransporto derefnebis gaumjobesebas

§ gzebiT sargeblobis gadasaxadebiT gzebis movla-Senaxvis stabilurdafinansebas

§ ssgsd-s gaZlierebas da kerZo sagzao samSeneblo seqtoris Camoyali-bebas, mTeli sagzao qselis, maT Soris, adgilobrivi gzebis marTvisada efeqtianobis gaumjobesebas.

proeqti ori ZiriTadi komponentisgan Sedgeba:

§ pirveli: moicavs ZiriTadi sagzao qselis prioritetuli monakveTebisperiodul SekeTebasa da movla-Senaxvas, maT Soris sadrenaJo sistemisgaumjobesebas (470km) da zedapirul damuSavebas (282km); gzebisprioritetuli monakveTebis reabilitacias (159km), sagzao niSnulebiTada sagzao niSnebiT aRWurvas; mdinareebze civsa da sondisxevze xidebisrekonstruqcias (173.7m)

§ meore: moicavs ssgsd-s institucionalur gaZlierebas; ssf-s moderni-zaciasa da sagzao gadasaxadebis daxvewas; sagzao moZraobisusafrTxoebis sistemis Seqmnas; gzis safaris marTvis sistemisformirebas: gzebis monacemTa bazis Seqmnas; teqnikuri standartebissaerTaSoriso normebTan misadagebas; finansuri marTvis sistemisCamoyalibebas; kontraqtebis marTvis gaumjobesebas; seqtoriswarmatebuli saqmianobis indikatorebis dagegmvas; finansuriauditebisaTvis saWiro treningebis, dafinansebisa da mowyobilobebisuzrunvelyofas

krediti danaxarjis tipis mixedviT:

xarjis kategoria raodenoba (SDR) samuSaoebi 22,900,000 saqoneli 600,000 sakonsultacio momsaxureba 2,300,000 damatebiTi saoperacio xarjebi 500,000 proeqtis mosamzadebisTvis gacemuli avansis dabruneba 500,000

gaunawilebeli xarjebi 3,000,000 sul 29,800,000

wyaro: amonaridi kontrolis palatis 2001 wlis “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifodepartamentisa da sauwyebo dawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqtze” darTuli 2000 wlis 26 ivlisssaqarTvelos mTavrobasa da saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos Soris dadebuli sakreditoxelSekrulebidan


150

xelSekruleba iTvaliswinebda Semdegi manqana-danadgarebis SeZenas:

§ 13 maRali gamavlobis avtomobili

§ 4 avtosatransporto saSualebaTa asawoni sistema

§ 1 defleqtometri

§ 1 savele geologiuri laboratoria

§ 1 saburRi danadgari

§ 20 sagzao moZraobis intensiurobis sazomi xelsawyo

§ 40 kompiuteri da printeri Sesabamisi programuli uzrunvelyofiT

§ 12 aslis gadasaRebi manqana

§ 22 faqsi

§ sainformacio centrisaTvis saWiro sxva teqnika

proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli 2001-2004 wlebis samuSaoebi:

samuSaos dasaxeleba 2001 2002 2003 2004 sul

reabilitacia 58.0 25.0 49.0 39.0 171.0

periodiuli SekeTeba da movla-Senaxva (km) - 64.0 68.0 125.5 257.5

xidi mdinare civze (m) - - 87.0 - 0.087

xidi mdinare sondisxevze (m) - - 62.0 - 0.062

sul 58.0 89.0 117.0 164.5 428,649


2001-2003 wlebSi Catarda ramdenime saerTaSoriso tenderi, raTa gamoevlinaTmenardeebi Semdegi samuSaoebis Sesasruleblad: konsultacia, gzebis movla-Senaxva da reabilitacia; teqnikuri daxmareba da zedamxedveloba,proeqtireba da satendero dokumentebis momzadeba; Sesyidvebis drosdaxmareba da sxva samuSaoebis Catareba. msoflio bankis sagzao proeqtisfarglebSi sul 30 menarde SeirCa, aqedan 22 kontraqti gaica qarTulsawarmoze, xolo 8 _ ucxour kompaniebze. teqnikuri daxmarebisa da samu-Saoebis zedamxedvelobis proeqti Louis Berger International-ma moipova.

quveiTis fondis krediti

2000 wlis 7 marts daido sakredito xelSekruleba saqarTvelos mTavrobasada arabTa ekonomikuri ganviTarebis quveiTis fonds Soris. sesxis odenoba


151

5 milion quveiTur dinars Seadgenda (16249000 aSS dolari). 2000 wlis 27ivniss xelSekruleba ratificirebuli iqna saqarTvelos parlamentis mier110 .

kreditis vada 20 wels Seadgens 4-wliani SeRavaTiani periodiT, romliswliuri saprocento gadasaxadi 3%-ia. ZiriTadi Tanxis gadaxda 32 tranSissaxiT da naxevarwliani intervaliT unda moxdes. saqarTvelos mxaremikisra sakredito Tanxis odenobis 32%-is (7639000 aSS dolari)Tanadafinanseba: Tanamonawileobis dRg-s nawili centraluri biujetidandaifareboda, xolo proeqtSi Tanamonawilebis nawili - sf-s saxsrebiTSeivseboda. Sesabamisad, proeqtis Rirebuleba 23888000 aSS dolaramdegaizarda. proeqtis xangrZlivoba 2 weliwads (2002-2003 ww) Seadgenda.

proeqti iTvaliswinebda:

§ sagzao moZraobis arsebuli da momavali moTxovnilebebis saTanadodoneze uzrunvelyofas

§ moZraobis drois Semcirebas

§ sagzao moZraobis usafrTxoebis gaumjobesebas

§ axali teqnologiebisa da danadgarebis danergviT saqarTveloSi gzebismSeneblobis SesaZleblobebis amaRlebas

samuSaoTa speqtri moicavda 100 km-iani monakveTis reabilitacias; sadrenaJosistemis, gzis niSnulebisa da sagzao niSnebis damontaJebas; sakonsultaciomomsaxurebas da proeqtis mimdinareobis monitorings.

krediti danaxarjis tipis mixedviT:

erTeuli

saxsrebis gadanawileba (quveiTur dinarebiT)

kreditisa da qarTuli Tanadafinansebis moculoba

(aSS dolarebiT)

sagzao samuSaoebi 3,850,000 15,638,000 sakonsultacio momsaxureba konstruqciebis detaluri daproeqteba da Semowmeba

400,000 1,614,000

sagzao mowyobilobebi 300,000 975,000 gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebi 450,000 1,842,000

wyaro: amonaridi kontrolis palatis 2001 wlis “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifodepartamentisa da sauwyebo dawesebulebebis Semowmebis aqtze” darTuli saqarTvelos mTavrobasada arabTa ekonomikuri ganviTarebis quveiTis fonds Soris dadebuli sakredito xelSekrulebidan

110 kontrolis palatis 2002 wlis “saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentisSemowmebis angariSidan” da ssgsd-s masalebidan miRebuli monacemebi


152

proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli 2002-2003 wlebis samuSaoebi:

adgilmdebareoba 2002 2003 sul

marneuli-sadaxlo (km) 10.0 - 10.0

samtredia – lanCxuTi _ grigoleTi (km) 18.0 39.3 57.3

foTSi Semosasvleli gza (km) 2.0 2.8 4.8

xidi mdinare kaparWaze (m) - 222.0 0.222

sul 30.0 42.1 72.322


xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, menardeTa SerCeva daxuruli tenderebis safuZ-velze moxda da masSi qarTuli da quveiTuri kompaniebi monawileobdnen.sakonsultacio momsaxurebisaTvis kontraqti quveiTur kompania “Pan ArabConsulting Engineers” mieniWa. xelSekrulebis erT-erT mTavar pirobasqvemenardeebad qarTuli kompaniebis SerCeva warmoadgenda. sagzao samu-SaoebisaTvis tenderi Svid qarTul-quveiTur erTobliv sawarmos SorisCatarda, sadac quveiTur kompaniebs rekomendacias quveiTis fondis uwevda,xolo qarTul kompaniebs _ ssgsd. maTgan erTi erToblivi sawarmo SeirCa.kontraqtis Rirebuleba 18493100 aSS dolars Seadgenda.

dasrulebuli samuSaoebis ssgsd specialurma komisiam Caibara; sakontraqtoRirebulebis 2.5% moitoves 1-wliani sagarantio vadis gasvlamde da masmenardeebs maSin gadauxdian, Tu dasrulebul samuSaoebSi defeqti araRmoCndeba.


153

danarTi 10 - ssgsd-s 1996-2003 wlebis tenderebi

1996-2003 wlebSi ssgsd-s mier Catarebuli saerTaSoriso daerovnuli tenderebi

wlebi # dasaxeleba

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 sul

a saxelmwifo sagzao fondi

1 sagzao samuSaoebze gamocxadebuli daxuruli tenderebi

13 4 1 1 19

2 sagzao samuSaoebze gamocxadebuli Ria tenderebi

10 3 19 19 51

3 tenderSi monawileTa wliuri raodenoba 43 12 12 12 19 24 122

4 tenderSi ramdenjerme gamarjvebulTa ricxvi

2 1 1 4

b quveiTis fondis saxsrebi (krediti #589)


1 1


3 tenderSi monawileTa wliuri raodenoba 14 14


g

ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso asociaciis krediti (#2809-GE)



1 1 2

3 tenderSi monawileTa mTliani wliuri raodenoba

76 18 94


1 1 2


154

d

ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso asociaciis krediti (#3357-GE)



1 5 3 9

3 tenderis monawileTa mTliani wliuri raodenoba

8 11 13 32


4 1 3 8



155

danarTi 11 - sajaro tenderebSi monawileobaze uaris Tqmis mizezebi

danarTi 11 - sajaro tenderebSi monawileobaze uarisTqmis mizezebi

sajaro tenderebSi monawileobaze uaris Tqmis mizezebi

010

2030

4050

60

1 2 3 4 5araoficialuri

gadasaxadi

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani met-naklebad mniSvnelovani

umniSvnelo

did xarjebTan dakavSirebuli procesi

urTulesi procesi

wyaro: korufcia saqarTveloSi, gamokiTxvis masalebi: msoflio bankis mier momzadebuli angariSi,romelic efuZneboda saqarTvelos mosaxleobis azris kvlevis saerTaSoriso biuros mier msofliobankisa da aSS-s ganviTarebis saagentos dafinansebiTa da saqarTvelos mTavrobis xelSewyobiTCatarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegebs (ivnisi, 2000 weli)

156

danarTi 12 – saqarTvelos kanoni saxelmwifoSesyidvebis Sesaxeb

saqarTvelos kanoni‚saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb~

2001 wlis 20 aprilis mdgomareobiT (gamoqveynebulia: “saqarTvelossakanonmdeblo macneSi” 1998 weli, #7 da 2001 weli, #10)

Tavi I

zogadi debulebani

muxli 1. kanonis moqmedebis sfero1. es kanoni adgens saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis zogad

samarTlebriv, organizaciul da ekonomikur principebs.2. am kanoniT dadgenili wesebi vrceldeba yvela saxis saxelmwifo

Sesyidvaze, `saxelmwifo saidumloebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniTgansazRvrul saxelmwifo saidumloebasTan dakavSirebuli saxelmwifoSesyidvebis garda.

3. `saxelmwifo saidumloebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniTgansazRvrul saxelmwifo saidumloebasTan dakavSirebuli saxelmwifoSesyidvebis Gganxorcielebis wess SeimuSavebs saqarTvelos erovnuliuSiSroebis sabWo da amtkicebs saqarTvelos prezidenti.

muxli 2. kanonis mizanikanonis mizania:a) saxelmwifo SesyidvebisaTvis gankuTvnili fuladi saxsrebis

racionaluri xarjvis uzrunvelyofa;b) saxelmwifo saWiroebisaTvis aucilebeli saqonlis warmoebis,

samuSaoebis Sesrulebis da momsaxurebis gawevis sferoSi jansaRikonkurenciis ganviTareba;

g) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas Sesyidvebis monawileTamimarT samarTliani da aradiskriminaciuli midgomis uzrunvelyofa;

d) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sajaroobis uzrunvelyofa;e) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis erTiani sistemis Seqmna da mis mimarT

sazogadoebrivi ndobis Camoyalibeba.

muxli 3. kanonSi gamoyenebuli terminebis ganmartebakanonSi gamoyenebul terminebs aqvs Semdegi mniSvneloba:a) saxelmwifo Sesyidva (Semdgom-Sesyidva) _ saxelmwifo saWiroebaTa

dasakmayofileblad nebismieri saxis saqonlis, samuSaoebis da momsaxurebisSesyidva, romelTa dafinanseba xorcieldeba:P

a.a) saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetisa da saxelmwifo biujetSikonsolidirebuli saxsrebiT;

danarTi 12 – saqarTvelos kanoni saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb

157

a.b) afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebis biujetebissaxsrebiT;

a.g) saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli adgilobrivibiujetebis saxsrebiT;

a.d.) saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetis, afxazeTis da aWarisavtonomiuri respublikebis biujetebis, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiTgansazRvruli adgilobrivi biujetebis dafinansebaze myofi organizaciebisada dawesebulebebis specsaxsrebiT;

a.e.) ucxoeTis qveynebisa da saerTaSoriso organizaciebisagansaerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis safuZvelze daxmarebisa da kreditis saxiTmiRebuli saxsrebiT (garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac es kanoni koliziaSiSedis Sesabamis saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebasTan an sakredito da sagrantoxelSekrulebebiT gansazRvrulia Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis saerTa-Soriso praqtikaSi aRiarebuli am kanonisagan gansxvavebuli wesebi);

a.v.) saxelmwifo garantiiT miRebuli kreditebiT;a.z.) saxelmwifo qonebis safuZvelze Seqmnili sajaro samarTlis

iuridiuli pirebis (saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis garda) saxsrebiT, amsaxsrebis warmoSobis wyaros miuxedavad.

b) Semsyidveli organizacia _ saqarTvelos, afxazeTisa da aWarisavtonomiuri respublikebis mmarTvelobiTi organoebi, sabiujetodawesebuleba_organizaciebi, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa dammarTvelobis organoebi, agreTve sxva dawesebulebebi da sawarmoebi,romlebic saqonlis, samuSaoebisa da momsaxurebis Sesyidvebs axorcielebenam muxlis `a~ qvepunqtiT gansazRvruli saxsrebiT;

g) Sesyidvis obieqti _ Semsyidveli organizaciis mier Sesasyidikonkretuli saxeobis saqoneli, samuSao da momsaxureba;

d) pretendenti _ saqarTvelos an ucxo qveynis fizikuri da iuridiulipirebi, romlebmac gaiares sakvalifikacio Sefasebis procedura;

e) mimwodebeli _ saqarTvelos an ucxo qveynis fizikuri da iuridiulipirebi, romlebmac Semsyidvel organizaciasTan dades xelSekrulebasaxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb;

v) samSeneblo samuSao _ samuSao, romelic dakavSirebulia Sesyidvisobieqtis da/an misi nawilebis mSeneblobasTan, remontTan, rekonstruqciasada restavraciasTan (saproeqto samuSaoebis garda);

z) preferenciuli SeRavaTi _ dasaSvebi sxvaoba ucxo qveynispretendentis da saqarTvelos pretendentis satendero winadadebebisRirebulebebs Soris, romlis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, fasTa kriteriumiTSefasebisas, upiratesoba eniWeba saqarTvelos pretendents;

T) fasTa kotireba _ gamartivebuli meTodi saqonlis, momsaxurebisda mcire saxis samuSaoebis SesyidvisaTvis, romelTa savaraudo RirebulebaaRemateba 10.000 lars da naklebia 25.000 larze, xolo samSeneblosamuSaoebis Sesyidvisas aRemateba 50.000 lars da naklebia 120.000 larze;

i) inteleqtualuri momsaxurebis Sesyidva _ gansakuTrebuli saxisSesyidva, romlis obieqtia inteleqtualuri da sxva saxis sakonsultaciomomsaxureba, mecnieruli kvlevebi da eqsperimentebi, saproeqto samuSaoebi,saswavlo-saganmanaTleblo sferoSi saxelmwifo dakveTis ganTavseba;

k) saqoneli _ nebismieri saxisa da aRwerilobis sagnebi (maT Sorisnedleuli, nakeTobebi, mowyobilobebi, Senoba-nagebobebi, warmoebis sxva


158

saSualebebi da moxmarebis sagnebi), rogorc myar, aseve Txevad da airovanmdgomareobaSi, agreTve eleqtroenergia, saqonlis miwodebis Tanamdevimomsaxureba, roca am momsaxurebis Rirebuleba ar aRemateba TviT saqonlisRirebulebas;

l) momsaxureba _ Sesyidvis nebismieri obieqti saqonlisa dasamuSaoebis garda.

muxli 4. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento1. saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli saqmianobis koordinaciisa

da monitoringis mizniT `sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris Sesaxeb~saqarTvelos kanonis Sesabamisad iqmneba mudmivmoqmedi damoukidebeliorgano _ saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento (SemdgomSi _ saagento), romlisTavmjdomaresac saqarTvelos ekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobisministris wardginebiT Tanamdebobaze niSnavs da Tanamdebobidan aTavisuf-lebs saqarTvelos prezidenti.

2. saagentos saqmianobis samarTlebrivi safuZvelia saqarTveloskonstitucia, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi, es kanoni damaT Sesabamisad SemuSavebuli saagentos debuleba.

3. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sistemis gamWvirvalobis, saagentos muSaobissajaroobisa da demokratiuli principebiT marTvis mizniT saagentosTaniqmneba sameTvalyureo sabWo 7 wevris SemadgenlobiT (sameTvalyureosabWos Tavmjdomaris CaTvliT), romelTac niSnavs saqarTvelos prezidenti.saagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWos debulebas amtkicebssaqarTvelos prezidenti. sameTvalyureo sabWos Semadgenloba kompleqtdebammarTvelobisa da makontrolebeli organoebis Tanamdebobis pirebisagan(saqarTvelos ekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobis, finansTa da iusticiissaministroebis, kontrolis palatis warmomadgenlebi), aseve sazogadoebriviorganizaciebisa da masmediis warmomadgenlebisagan. sameTvalyureo sabWofunqcionirebs sazogadoebriv sawyisebze.

4. saagentos struqtura da debuleba unda gamomdinareobdes amkanonidan da mas amtkicebs saqarTvelos prezidenti. saagentos saqmianobazesaxelmwifo kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli organo saqarTveloskanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad ganisazRvreba saagentos debulebiT.

5. saagentos dafinanseba xorcieldeba:a) saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofili miznobrivi

saxsrebiT;b) xelSekrulebis safuZvelze Sesrulebuli samuSaodan miRebuli

SemosavliT;g) saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT nebadarTuli sxva SemosavliT.6. saagentos ZiriTadi funqciebia:a) am kanonis moqmedebisaTvis saWiro normatiuli aqtebisa da

standartuli satendero dokumentaciis SemuSaveba da gamocema, maTisaerTaSoriso normebTan harmonizacia;

b) Semsyidveli organizaciebidan miRebuli angariSebis safuZvelzesaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sferoSi qveyanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobissistematuri Seswavla, gaanalizeba da saTanado gadawyvetilebebismisaRebad saqarTvelos prezidentisaTvis winadadebebis momzadeba;

g) specialuri saswavlo programebis, saswavlo-meTodologiuri


159

masalebisa da dokumentaciis standartuli formebis momzadeba, seminarebisada treningebis Catareba xelisuflebis centraluri da adgilobriviorganoebisaTvis, samarTaldamcavi organoebisaTvis, masmediis warmomad-genlebisa da sxva dainteresebuli pirebisaTvis;

d) ganxorcielebuli saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis erTiani sainformaciobazis Camoyalibeba da srulyofa;

e) Semsyidveli organizaciebisaTvis saeqsperto da sakonsultacio-sarekomendacio momsaxurebis gaweva;

v) mimwodebelTa reestris warmoeba;z) Tanamedrove sainformacio da sakomunikacio teqnologiebis

saSualebaTa saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sistemaSi danergvisaTvis xelisSewyoba; T) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis sajaroobisaTvis Sesabamisi normatiuliaqtebisa da angariSgebiTi informaciis gamoqveyneba, specialuri periodulibiuletenis daarseba;

i) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis dros warmoqmnili davis administraciuliwesiT ganxilva;

k) saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebis kanonierebaze zedamxe-dveloba da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procesis regulirebis politikisgansazRvra.

muxli 41. saagentos Tavmjdomaris uflebamosilebani1. saagentos Tavmjdomare:a) saagentosTan arsebul sameTvalyureo sabWosTan SeTanxmebiT,

kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT gamoscems normatiul aqtebs _ brZanebebs,romelTa Sesruleba savaldebuloa saxelmwifo SesyidvebSi monawileyvela subieqtisaTvis;

b) Sigaorganizaciul sakiTxebze gamoscems gankargulebebs;g) awesrigebs saagentos gamgeblobas mikuTvnebul sakiTxebs;d) Tvalyurs adevnebs saagentos struqturuli qvedanayofebis mier

TavianTi movaleobebis Sesrulebas, dadgenili wesiT axorcielebsTanamSromelTa saqmianobis kontrols;

e) kompetenciis farglebSi Tanamdebobaze niSnavs da TanamdebobidanaTavisuflebs saagentos TanamSromlebs;

v) gankargavs saagentos saxsrebs da akontrolebs maT gamoyenebas;z) saagentos gamgeblobas mikuTvnebul sakiTxebze saqarTvelos

prezidents dadgenili wesiT warudgens winadadebebs Sesabamisigadawyvetilebebis misaRebad.

2. saagentos Tavmjdomare kanoniT dadgenili wesiT pasuxs agebssaagentos saqmianobaze.

muxli 42. saagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWos ufleba _ movaleobebi da saqmianobis wesi

1. saagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWo:a) Tavis sxdomebze ganixilavs saagentos Tavmjdomaris mier gamosacemi

normatiuli aqtebis proeqtebs, saagentos struqturuli qvedanayofebisdebulebebs da maT mier gaweuli saqmianobis Sedegebs;

b) valdebulia saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebiT gaiTvaliswinos


160

saxelmwifo politikis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi da Tavis sxdomebzesaxelmwifo SesyidvebSi monawile mxareebs SesaZlebloba miscesdaubrkoleblad warmoadginon TavianTi interesebi;

g) Tavisi saqmianobis Sesaxeb adgens yovelwliur angariSs dawarudgens saqarTvelos prezidents. igi xelmisawvdomi unda iyossazogadoebriobisaTvis.

2. saagentosTan arsebul sameTvalyureo sabWos ufleba aqvs sakuTariuflebamosilebis farglebSi Semsyidveli organizaciebisagan moiTxovossaxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri saxis informacia daSeamowmos maTi siswore.

3. saagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWos sxdoma sajaroa damisi gadawyvetilebebi qveyndeba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgeniliwesiT. sameTvalyureo sabWoSi arsebuli informaciis saidumloebis dacviswesi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.

muxli 5. Semsyidveli organizaciebis ufleba-movaleobebi1. Semsyidveli organizacia uflebamosilia:a) am kanoniTa da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili wesebiT

SearCios Sesyidvis mimwodebeli da dados masTan xelSekruleba;b) am kanoniT dadgenili wesiT moaxdinos SesyidvaSi monawileobis

msurveli an monawile piris diskvalifikacia;g) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamde nebismier

dros Sewyvitos Sesyidvis ganxorcieleba, Tu amis aucilebloba warmoiqmnebamisgan damoukidebeli da winaswar gauTvaliswinebeli obieqturi mizezebisgamo, agreTve saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi interesebidan gamomdinare;

d) ganaxorcielos kontroli da zedamxedveloba mimwodeblis mierxelSekrulebis pirobebis Sesrulebaze;

e) saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad SeaCeros an Sewyvitossaxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb dadebuli xelSekrulebis moqmedeba, Tumimwodebelis mier warmodgenili sakvalifikacio monacemebi yalbiaRmoCndeba, agreTve saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul sxvaSemTxvevebSi.

2. Semsyidveli organizacia valdebulia:a) racionalurad da saqarTvelos saxelmwifo interesebis

gaTvaliswinebiT ganaxorcielos saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi misTvis gamoyofilasignebaTa farglebSi am kanoniTa da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiTdadgenili wesebis dacviT;

b) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamde daicvasSesyidvaSi monawile pirebis mier misTvis miwodebuli informaciiskonfidencialoba;

g) warudginos saagentos saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganTavsebisprocedurebis angariSebi am kanonis 24-e muxliT dadgenili formiTa da vadebSi;

d) saagentos mier SemuSavebuli da saqarTvelos statistikissaxelmwifo departamentTan SeTanxmebiT damtkicebuli formebis Sesabamisaddauyovnebliv warudginos saagentos statistikuri angariSi ganxor-cielebuli Sesyidvis Sesaxeb;

e) saqonlis miwodebis, samuSaoebis Sesrulebisa da momsaxurebisgawevisTanave aunazRauros mimwodeblebels saqonlis, samuSaos da/an


161

momsaxurebis Rirebuleba, Tu xelSekrulebiT sxva ram ar arisgaTvaliswinebuli;

v) am muxlis pirveli punqtis `g~ qvepunqtis Sesabamisad SesyidvisSewyvetis SemTxvevaSi ganaxorcielos es Sesyidva mxolod SewyvetiliSesyidvis proceduris gagrZelebis meSveobiT;

z) am muxlis pirveli punqtis `g~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebulSemTxvevebSi, gadawyvetilebis miRebidan ara ugvianes 3 dRisa acnobosTavisi gadawyvetileba da misi miRebis safuZveli saagentos da SesyidvaSimonawile pirebs. amave dros Semsyidveli organizacia valdebuli ar arisSesyidvaSi monawile pirebs warudginos konkretuli mtkicebulebani andetaluri informacia, ris safuZvelzec miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba,agreTve aunazRauros maT SesyidvaSi monawileobasTan dakavSirebulixarjebi, satendero mosakreblis garda.

muxli 51. interesTa konfliqtis Tavidan acilebis pirobebi dawesebi

1. interesTa konfliqtis Tavidan acilebis pirobebi da wesebi exebasaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebul Semdegi saxissaqmianobas:

a) Sesyidvis winamosamzadebeli samuSaoebi, Sesyidvis obieqtismaxasiaTeblebisa da savaraudo Rirebulebis dadgenis CaTvliT;

b) satendero komisiis wevrebis, Sesyidvis ganxorcielebaze sxvapasuxismgebeli pirebis SerCeva;

g) tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebis, satendero dokumentaciisada sxva masalebis momzadeba;

d) sakvalifikacio monacemebis, satendero winadadebebis ganxilvada Sefaseba;

e) am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi diskusiebis damolaparakebebis Catareba;

v) daxuruli tenderis Catarebisas potenciur monawileTa SerCeva;z) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis Sesrulebaze

zedamxedveloba da kontroli;T) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli sxva

saqmianoba.2. dauSvebelia saxelmwifo Sesyidvisas masSi monawileobis msurvelma

an/da monawile pirma TxovniT mimarTos Semsyidvel organizacias (misxelmZRvanels, TanamSromels) an saxelmwifo marTvis struqturebs da maTwarmomadgenlebs Suamdgomlobis Sesaxeb, an moaxdinos maTze pirdapirian faruli zegavlena nebismieri gziT, raTa moipovos saxelmwifo SesyidvisSesaxeb misTvis xelsayreli xelSekrulebis dadebis ufleba.

3. dauSvebelia Semsyidvelma organizaciam saxelmwifo Sesyidvisprocedurebis momzadeba, ganxorcieleba an/da saxelmwifo Sesyidvisprocedurebis zedamxedveloba daakisros pirs an konsultantad (eqspertad)moiwvios piri, Tu igi:

a) axlo naTesaur kavSirSia saxelmwifo Sesyidvis procedurebSimonawile romelime iuridiuli piris xelmZRvanel TanamSromelTan anuSualod monawilesTan, Tu es ukanaskneli fizikuri piria;

b) bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda saxelmwifo Sesyidvis


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procedurebSi monawile organizaciaSi;g) piradi, an saqmiani interesiT dakavSirebulia an molaparakebas

awarmoebs aseTi kavSirebis damyarebaze saxelmwifo Sesyidvis procedurebSimonawile iuridiul an fizikur pirTan.

4. dauSvebelia saxelmwifo Sesyidvis procedurebSi monawileobamiiRon iuridiulma da fizikurma pirebma, romlebic monawileobdnensaxelmwifo Sesyidvis winamosamzadebel samuSaoebSi.

5. am muxlis me-3 da me-4 punqtebis moTxovnebi agreTve vrceldeba:a) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis Sesrulebaze

kontrolis ganxorcielebaSi monawileebze;b) erT pirTan molaparakebis saSualebiT saxelmwifo Sesyidvis

ganxorcielebaze molaparakebaSi monawileebze.6. Ria an daxuruli tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi, sakvalifikacio

monacemebis miRebis vadis dasrulebisTanave satendero komisiis yvelawevri, mowveuli konsultanti (eqsperti) da Semsyidveli organizaciis yvelais TanamSromeli, romelic dakavSirebulia am Sesyidvis ganxorcielebasTan,valdebulia werilobiT daadasturos, rom misi monawileoba am konkretulisaxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebul saqmianobaSi arewinaaRmdegeba zemoaRniSnul moTxovnebs.

7. sakonsultacio momsaxurebis Sesyidvis dros mxedvelobaSia misaRebi,rom:

a) konsultantma (fizikurma an iuridiulma pirma an/da misma filialma)monawileoba ar unda miiRos saxelmwifo Sesyidvis iseT procedurebSi,romlebic SeiZleba ewinaaRmdegebodes am konsultantis sxva davalebas;

b) nebismierma konsultantma (fizikurma an iuridiulma pirma) undauzrunvelyos Semsyidveli organizaciisaTvis profesiuli, obieqturida miukerZoebeli rCevis micema am organizaciis interesebisgaTvaliswinebiT.

muxli 52. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis dagegmva1. Semsyidveli organizacia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs axorcielebs

winaswar gansazRvruli da damtkicebuli wliuri gegmis Sesabamisad.mravalwliani Sesyidvis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvis dagegmvasada ganxorcielebas Semsyidveli organizacia awarmoebs saqarTveloskanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis dagegmvis wesiganisazRvreba saagentos Tavmjdomaris brZanebiT.

2. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis wliuri gegmis proeqtis SemuSavebis wesiunda Seesabamebodes `sabiujeto sistemisa da sabiujetouflebamosilebaTa Sesaxeb~ da ̀ saqarTvelos ekonomikuri da socialuriganviTarebis indikaturi dagegmis safuZvlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTveloskanonebs.

3. wlis ganmavlobaSi Semsyidveli organizaciis mier ganxorcielebulierTgvarovani saqonlis, momsaxurebisa da samuSaos Sesyidva ganixilebaerT Sesyidvad, Tu misi dafinanseba xdeba erTiani wyarodan.

4. saxelmwifo biujetis, afxazeTis, aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebisda adgilobrivi biujetebis damtkicebis Semdeg araugvianes 20 dRisasaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis dazustebul gegmas amtkicebs Semsyidveliorganizaciis xelmZRvaneli da warudgens saagentos.


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Tavi II

saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis saSualebebi

muxli 6. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis saSualebebi1. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis saSualebebia:

a) Ria tenderi;b) daxuruli tenderi;g) erT pirTan molaparakeba.

2. am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi Ria an daxuruli tenderiSeiZleba Catardes or etapad.

3. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis wesi ganisazRvreba amkanoniT da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT.

4. fasTa kotirebis meTodi da inteleqtualuri momsaxurebisSesyidvis wesi ganisazRvreba Sesabamisi kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtiT.

Tavi III

t e n d e r i

muxli 7. tenderis formis SerCevis wesi1. Ria tenderi tardeba im SemTxvevaSi, roca Sesyidvis obieqtis

savaraudo Rirebuleba aRemateba 70.000 lars, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebisSesyidvis SemTxvevaSi – 230.000 lars.

2. daxuruli tenderi tardeba im SemTxvevaSi, roca Sesyidvis obieqtissavaraudo Rirebuleba naklebia 70.000 larze, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebisSesyidvis SemTxvevaSi – 230.000 larze da aRemateba 25.000 lars, xolosamSeneblo samuSaoebis SemTxvevaSi – 120.000 lars.

muxli 8. satendero komisiis Seqmnisa da saqmianobis wesi1. Ria da daxurul tenders atarebs satendero komisia, romelsac

aranakleb 5 wevris SemadgenlobiT qmnis Semsyidveli organizaciisxelmZRvaneli.

2. satendero komisiis wevrebad iniSnebian Semsyidveli organizaciisxelmZRvaneli da/an misi moadgileebi, Semsyidveli organizaciisstruqturuli qvedanayofebis xelmZRvanelebi.

3. satendero komisiis SemadgenlobaSi ar SeiZleba iyos piri romelicaris pretendenti fizikuri piris an iuridiuli piris xelmZRvanelis axlonaTesavi, fondis an kavSiris saxiT arsebuli pretendenti iuridiuli pirisdamfuZnebeli an wevri, an piri romelsac aqvs wili pretendenti iuridiulipiris sawesdebo kapitalSi.

4. satendero komisiis gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, satendero komisiaSi,eqspertebad da konsultantebad saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT SeiZleba mowveuliyvnen Sesabamisi dargis specialistebi da saxazino dawesebulebebiswarmomadgenlebi.

5. satendero komisias Tavmjdomareobs Semsyidveli organizaciisxelmZRvaneli an mis mier daniSnuli piri.


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6. satendero komisiis saqmianobis teqnikuri da organizaciuliuzrunvelyofis mizniT Semsyidveli organizaciis xelmZRvanelis brZanebiTam organizaciis mosamsaxureebisagan iqmneba satendero komisiis aparati,romelsac xelmZRvanelobs satendero komisiis Tavmjdomare.

7. satendero komisia gadawyvetilebebs iRebs komisiis wevrTa siiTiSemadgenlobis umravlesobiT. komisiis wevrs, romelic ar eTanxmebasatendero komisiis gadawyvetilebas, ufleba aqvs werilobiT waradginosTavisi azri, romelic Tan unda daerTos satendero komisiis gadawyvetilebas.xmaTa raodenobis Tanabrad ganawilebis SemTxvevaSi gadamwyvetia satenderokomisiis Tavmjdomaris xma.

8. satendero komisiis sxdomis Sesaxeb dgeba oqmi, romelsac xelsaweren sxdomaze damswre satendero komisiis wevrebi.

muxli 9. gancxadeba tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb1. Ria tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi satendero komisia Semsyidveli

organizaciis saxeliT aqveynebs gancxadebas tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb:a) Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtiT gansazRvrul sainformacio

saSualebebSi;b) saerTaSoriso vaWrobis praqtikaSi miRebul erT-erT enaze, agreTve

ucxo qveynebis im periodul an specializebul gamocemebSi, romlebicfarTod vrceldeba saerTaSoriso masStabiT da ugzavnis im gancxadebebssaqarTveloSi akreditebul ucxo qveynebis diplomatiur da sakonsulowarmomadgenlobebs, Tu Sesyidvis obieqtis savaraudo Rirebuleba aRemateba600.000 lars, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesyidvis SemTxvevaSi – 8.000.000lars.

2. Ria tenderis Catarebisas, aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, satenderokomisia iyenebs tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebis gavrcelebisdamatebiT saSualebebs.

3. daxuruli tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi satendero komisiagancxadebas tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb ugzavnis am kanonis Sesabamisadwinaswar SerCeul aranakleb xuT pirs.

4. tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebaSi miTiTebuli unda iyos:a) Semsyidveli organizaciis rekvizitebi;b) Sesasyidi saqonlis saxeoba, raodenoba da xarisxi, miwodebis adgili

da forma, Sesasrulebeli samuSaos an gasawevi momsaxurebis saxeoba daSesrulebis an gawevis adgili, agreTve sxva monacemebi, romelTa miTiTebasSemsyidveli organizacia saWirod CaTvlis Sesyidvis obieqtis aRwerismizniT;

g) Sesasyidi saqonlis miwodebis, samuSaos Sesrulebis an momsaxurebisgawevis sasurveli an savaldebulo vadebi;

d) sakvalifikacio monacemebis Sefasebis kriteriumebi da wesi;e) sakvalifikacio monacemebis wardgenis vada, adgili da ena;v) moTxovnebi sakvalifikacio monacemebis damadasturebeli

dokumentebis Sesaxeb;z) satendero dokumentaciis miRebis wesi, vada, adgili da ena. agreTve

satendero dokumentaciis miRebisaTvis dawesebuli mosakreblis ganakveTi.5. gancxadebas tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb amtkicebs satendero komisia.6. satendero komisia aqveynebs an agzavnis gancxadebas tenderis


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Catarebis Sesaxeb sakvalifikacio monacemebis miRebis dawyebamde aranakleb15 kalendaruli dRiT adre. daxuruli tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSisatendero komisiam unda SearCios tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebisgagzavnis iseTi saSualeba, romelic uzrunvelyofs SerCeul pirTa miergancxadebis umokles vadaSi miRebas.

7. satendero komisias ufleba aqvs Secvalos tenderis CatarebisSesaxeb gancxadebaSi miTiTebuli informacia. es cvlilebebi undagamoqveyndes imave sainformacio saSualebebSi, romlebSic gamoqveyndagancxadeba tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb, xolo daxuruli tenderis CatarebisSemTxvevaSi Setyobineba gancxadebaSi Setanili cvlilebebis Sesaxeb undagaegzavnos yvela pirs, romelsac komisiam mimarTa Tavdapirvelad.

8. tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebaSi cvlilebebis Setana daam cvlilebebis gamoqveyneba (miwodeba) unda ganxorcieldes sakvalifikaciomonacemebis wardgenis vadis dasrulebamde aranakleb 5 kalendaruli dRiTadre.

muxli 10. sakvalifikacio monacemebi1. SesyidvaSi monawileobis misaRebad pretendenti iuridiuli piris

sakvalifikacio monacemebi unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs:a) mis qonebaze ar unda iyos dadebuli yadaRa, mis mimarT ar unda

mimdinareobdes gakotrebis an sanaciis saqmis warmoeba, ar undaxorcieldebodes misi reorganizacia an likvidacia;

b) misi xelmZRvanelebi ukanaskneli 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi ar undaiyvnen msjavrdebulni an Sesyidvis dawyebis momentisaTvis maT mimarT arunda iyos aRZruli sisxlis samarTlis saqme maT samsaxureobrivsaqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli danaSaulisaTvis.

2. SesyidvaSi monawileobis misaRebad pretendenti fizikuri pirissakvalifikacio monacemebi unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs:

a) unda iyos qmediTunariani;b) mis mimarT ar unda mimdinareobdes gakotrebis saqmis warmoeba;g) ukanaskneli 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi ar unda iyos msjavrdebuli an

Sesyidvis dawyebis momentisaTvis mis mimarT ar unda iyos aRZruli sisxlissamarTlis saqme mis ekonomikur da samsaxureobriv saqmianobasTandakavSirebuli danaSaulisaTvis.

3. Tu saqonlis miwodeba, samuSaos Sesruleba an momsaxurebis gawevasaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad moiTxovs licenziis,sertifikatis an sxva saxis nebarTvis arsebobas, SesyidvaSi monawileobismisaRebad pretendents unda hqondes Sesabamisi licenzia, sertifikati ansxva saxis nebarTva.

4. Tu SesyidvaSi monawileobis msurveli an pretendenti piris mierwarmodgenili sakvalifikacio monacemebi yalbi aRmoCndeba an verdaakmayofilebs sakvalifikacio moTxovnebs, Semsyidvel organizaciasufleba aqvs moaxdinos am piris diskvalifikacia Sesyidvis nebismieretapze, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamde.

5. diskvalificirebul pirs ufleba aqvs sasmarTloSi gaasaCivrosmisi diskvalifikaciis Sesaxeb miRebuli gadawyvetileba.

6. Tu sakvalifikacio monacemebis Sesaxeb dokumentacia arazusti anarasrulia, an masSi teqnikuri Secdomaa daSvebuli, Semsyidveli organizacia


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mis warmomdgen pirs aZlevs daSvebuli Secdomis an uzustobis gamosworebisan dokumentaciis saWiro informaciiT Sevsebis saSualebas. sakvalifikaciodokumentaciis dazustebis an Sevsebis procesi unda dasruldessakvalifikacio SerCevis damTavrebamde.

7. sakvalifikacio monacemebis Sefasebis wesi ganisazRvrebanormatiuli aqtiT.

muxli 11. sakvalifikacio SerCeva1. sakvalifikacio SerCevis mizania pretendentTa gansazRvra

wardgenili sakvalifikacio monacemebis sakvalifikacio moTxovnebTanSesabamisobis dadgenis gziT.

2. sakvalifikacio SerCeva unda dasruldes sakvalifikacio vadisdasrulebidan ara ugvianes 10 dRisa.

3. sakvalifikacio SerCevis Sedegad satendero komisia iRebsgadawyvetilebas, romelSic aisaxeba tenderSi monawileobis msurveli pirisan pirebis diskvalifikaciis mizezebi da mtkicdeba pretendentTa sia.

4. sakvalifikacio SerCevis Sedegad miRebuli gadawyvetileba misimiRebidan ara ugvianes 5 dRisa ecnobeba yvela pirs, romelmac dadgenilvadaSi warmoadgina sakvalifikacio monacemebi. diskvalifikaciisSemTxvevaSi agreTve ecnobebaT diskvalifikaciis safuZvlebi. satenderokomisiam unda SearCios gadawyvetilebis Setyobinebis iseTi saSualeba,romelic uzrunvelyofs sakvalifikacio monacemebis warmomdgenipirebisaTvis gadawyvetilebis umokles vadaSi miwodebas.

muxli 12. satendero dokumentacia1. satendero komisia amtkicebs satendero dokumentacias tenderis

Catarebis Sesaxeb gancxadebis gamoqveynebamde (gagzavnamde).2. pretendentis mier am kanonis me-19 muxliT gansazRvruli mosakreblis

gadaxdis Semdeg (mosakreblis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi) satendero komisiavaldebulia pretendentis moTxovnisTanave gadasces mas satenderodokumentacia.

3. satendero dokumentacia unda Seicavdes:a) instruqcias pretendentTa satendero winadadebebis Sedgenis Sesaxeb;b) pretendentTa winadadebebis Sefasebis wesebsa da kriteriumebs, am

kriteriumebis prioritetulobis miTiTebiT;g) Sesasyidi saqonlis raodenobas, samuSaoebisa da momsaxurebis

moculobas, saqonlis miwodebis, samuSaos Sesrulebis an momsaxurebisgawevis savaldebulo an sasurvel vadebs da adgils, agreTve sxva monacemebs,romelTa miTiTebas Semsyidveli organizacia saWirod CaTvlis obieqtTandakavSirebiT;

d) Sesyidvis obieqtis teqnikuri da xarisxobrivi monacemebis srulaRweras, maT Soris, Sesabamis teqnikur specifikaciebs, gegmebs, naxazebsa daeskizebs, agreTve Sesyidvis obieqtis alternatiul teqnikur da xarisxobrivmaCveneblebs, Tu amas dauSvebs Semsyidveli organizacia;

e) saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis im aucilebelpirobebs, romlebic Semsyidveli organizaciisaTvis winaswar aris cnobili,agreTve miTiTebas xelSekrulebis formaze;

v) meTodebs, romelTa mixedviTac unda iyos gaangariSebuli satendero


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winadadebis Rirebuleba, imis miTiTebiT, saqonlis, samuSaoebis anmomsaxurebis Rirebulebis garda, unda Seicavdes Tu ara igi sxva xarjebsac(transportireba, dazRveva, gadasaxadebi da sxva);

z) miTiTebas im valutis Sesaxeb, romelSic unda iyos gaangariSebulisatendero winadadebis Rirebuleba;

T) satendero winadadebebis wardgenis vadas, adgilsa da enas;i) pretendentebis mier satendero dokumentaciis Sesaxeb damatebiTi

informaciisa da ganmartebebis moTxovnis saSualebebsa da proceduras,xolo oretapiani tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi - agreTve pretendentebTanmolaparakebebis gamarTvis SesaZleblobas;

k) pretendentTa winadadebebis gaxsnis dros, adgilsa da wess;l) satendero komisiis aparatis im Tanamdebobis pirTa vinaobas da

sakontaqto misamarTs, romelTac ufleba aqvT iqonion kavSiri pretendentebTanda miawodon maT informacia da ganmartebebi Sesyidvis procedurebis Sesaxeb.

4. Sesyidvis obieqtis teqnikuri da xarisxobrivi maCveneblebisaRwerisaTvis gamoyenebuli teqsturi masalebi, specifikaciebi, gegmebi, naxazebi,eskizebi da sxva masalebi unda Seesabamebodes saqarTveloSi dasaerTaSoriso praqtikaSi aRiarebul standartebs, teqnikur maCveneblebs,terminologias da pirobiT aRniSvnebs. Sesyidvis obieqtis aRwerilobaSidauSvebelia sasaqonlo niSnis, patentis, modelis, warmoSobis wyaros anmwarmoeblis miTiTeba.

5. pretendentis werilobiTi TxovniT an sakuTari iniciativiTsatendero komisia ganmartavs da azustebs satendero dokumentaciaSiSesyidvis procedurebTan da obieqtTan dakavSirebul informacias, racformdeba satendero dokumentaciis damatebis saxiT da erTdrouladegzavneba yvela pretendents satendero winadadebis miRebis vadisdasrulebamde 15 kalendaruli dRiT adre. satendero dokumentaciis damatebaar unda cvlides satendero dokumentaciis Sinaarss.

muxli 13. preferenciuli SeRavaTiSesyidvaSi saqarTvelosa da ucxo qveynebis pretendentebis

monawileobis SemTxvevaSi, saqarTvelos pretendentis mier wardgenilisatendero winadadebis Rirebulebis mimarT gamoiyeneba preferenciuliSeRavaTi 15%-is farglebSi.

muxli 14. xelSekruleba ganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb1. satendero winadadebebis ganxilvis dawyebamde Semsyidveli

organizacia yvela pretendentTan cal-calke debs xelSekrulebasganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb, romlis mixedviTac:

a) tenderSi gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi pretendenti iRebs SemsyidvelorganizaciasTan saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebisvaldebulebas satendero winadadebaSi gansazRvruli pirobebis mixedviT;

b) Semsyidveli organizacia pretendentis gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSiiRebs masTan saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebisvaldebulebas pretendentis satendero winadadebaSi gansazRvrulipirobebis mixedviT, Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis Sewyvetisa da pretendentisdiskvalifikaciis SemTxvevebis garda.

2. xelSekruleba ganzraxvaTa Taobaze unda iTvaliswinebdes


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saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebis vadas, pretendentissatendero winadadebis moqmedebis vadas, mxareTa pasuxismgeblobasganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb xelSekrulebiT nakisri valdebulebebis Seusruleb-lobisaTvis.

3. ganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis pirobebis darRvevisaTvispasuxismgeblobis formebis gansazRvris wess adgens Sesabamisi normatiuliaqti.

muxli 15. pretendentTa satendero winadadebebis wardgenisa daganxilvis wesi

1. pretendentTa satendero winadadebebi satendero komisiaswaredgineba daxuruli konvertebiT. konvertebi ixsneba erToblivadpretendentTa TandaswrebiT satendero komisiis sxdomaze, satenderowinadadebebis miRebis vadis dasrulebisTanave. konvertebis gaxsnis Semdegkomisia adgens satendero winadadebebis ganxilvis da saboloogadawyvetilebis miRebis vadebs.

2. pretendentebs ufleba aqvT satendero winadadebebis gaxsnamdenebismier dros werilobiT gamoiTxovon an Secvalon satendero winadadeba.

3. satendero komisia ganixilavs mxolod im pretendentTa winadadebebs,romlebmac Semsyidvel organizaciasTan dades xelSekruleba ganzraxvaTaSesaxeb.

4. satendero winadadebaTa Sefaseba xorcieldeba satenderodokumentaciaSi miTiTebuli kriteriumebis da am kriteriumebisprioritetulobis gaTvaliswinebiT. Tu pretendentis mier wardgenilisatendero winadadeba ar Seesabameba satendero dokumentaciis moTxovnebs,satendero komisia axdens pretendentis diskvalifikacias.

5. satendero komisia ar axdens pretendentis satendero winadadebisdiskvalifikacias, Tu is Seicavs iseT uzustobebs, romlebic arsebiTad arewinaaRmdegeba satendero dokumentaciiT gansazRvruli moTxovnebis arssan romelTa gamosworeba SesaZlebelia satendero winadadebis arsisSeucvlelad.

6. am muxlis mexuTe punqtiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi satenderokomisia mimarTavs pretendents satendero winadadebis dazustebis moTxovniT.

7. satendero komisiis gadawyvetileba tenderSi gamarjvebulipretendentis Sesaxeb miiReba komisiis wevrTa mier satendero dokumentaciiTgansazRvruli Sefasebis kriteriumebis da am kriteriumebisprioritetulobis gaTvaliswinebiT wardgenili werilobiTi daskvnebissafuZvelze.

8. satendero komisiis wevris daskvnaSi miTiTebuli unda iyos ispretendenti, romelsac komisiis wevri aniWebs upiratesobas, agreTveupiratesobis miniWebis safuZvlebi.

9. pretendenti gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba, Tu mas satendero komisiiswevrTa siiTi Semadgenlobis absoluturi umravlesobis daskvnebiT mieniWebaupiratesoba. xmebis Tanabrad ganawilebis SemTxvevaSi gadamwyvetad iTvlebasatendero komisiis Tavmjdomaris daskvna.

10. satendero komisiis gadawyvetileba tenderSi gamarjvebulipretendentis Sesaxeb formdeba komisiis aqtis saxiT, romelsac Tan erTviskomisiis wevrTa daskvnebi. oqmSi miTiTebuli unda iyos informacia


169

satendero winadadebebis ganxilvaSi monawile pirebis da tenderSi monawilepretendentebis Sesaxeb, agreTve pretendentebis mier wardgeniliwinadadebebis mokle aRwera.

11. pretendents ufleba aqvs sasamarTloSi gaasaCivros tenderisCatarebasTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri sakiTxi.

muxli 16. gamarjvebul pretendentTan xelSekrulebis dadeba1. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesis Sesabamisad

ganzraxvaTa Sesaxeb xelSekrulebisa da gamarjvebuli pretendentissatendero winadadebiT gansazRvruli pirobebis safuZvelze gamarjvebulpretendentsa da Semsyidvel organizacias Soris ideba xelSekrulebasaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb.

2. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis aucilebel pirobebsgansazRvravs Sesabamisi normatiuli aqti.

3. samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesyidvis SemTxvevaSi, Tu samSenebloobieqti ganlagebulia saqarTvelos teritoriaze Sesyiduli samuSaoebisSesrulebaSi monawile sainJinro-teqnikuri personalisa da muSa-mosamsaxureebis aranakleb 70% unda iyvnen saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi.

4. gamarjvebuli pretendentis diskvalifikaciis an mis miersaxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebaze uaris TqmisSemTxvevaSi satendero komisia mimarTavs tenderSi monawile danarCenpretendentebs satendero winadadebaTa xelaxal ganxilvaSi monawileobisTaobaze, xolo aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi _ agreTve ganzraxvaTa SesaxebxelSekrulebis moqmedebis vadis gagrZelebis Taobaze. Tu arc erTmapretendentma ar gamoTqva Tanxmoba satendero winadadebaTa xelaxalganxilvaSi monawileobis miRebaze, tardeba axali tenderi. Tu satenderowinadadebaTa xelaxal ganxilvaSi monawileobis survili gamoTqva erTmaan ramdenime pretendentma, xdeba maTi satendero winadadebebis xelaxaliganxilva da Sefaseba.

muxli 17. xelaxali tenderis Catareba1. Tu tenderis gamocxadebis Semdeg arc erTi satendero winadadeba

ar iqna warmodgenili an pretendentTa mier warmodgenili arc erTisatendero winadadeba ar Seesabameba satendero dokumentaciis moTxovnebs,anda satendero winadadebaTa xelaxali ganxilvisa da Sefasebis procesSiver gamovlinda gamarjvebuli, satendero komisia adgens axal satenderodokumentacias da atarebs xelaxal tenders.

2. am muxlis pirveli punqtiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSiSemsyidvel organizacias ufleba aqvs Camoayalibos axali satenderokomisia an Secvalos misi Semadgenloba.

muxli 18. tenderis mimdinareobis dros pretendentebTan molaparakebisdauSvebloba

satendero komisias ufleba ara aqvs gamarTos molaparakeba tenderSimonawileobis msurvel pirebTan da pretendentebTan, oretapiani tenderisCatarebis SemTxvevis garda.


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muxli 19. satendero mosakrebeli1. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetis saxsrebiT saqarTvelos

saxelmwifo biujetis dafinansebaze myofi organizaciebisa dadawesebulebebis specsaxsrebiT, ucxoeTis qveynebisa da saerTaSorisoorganizaciebisagan saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis safuZvelzedaxmarebisa da kreditis saxiT miRebuli saxsrebiT, saxelmwifo garantiiTmiRebuli kreditebiT, saxelmwifo qonebis safuZvelze Seqmnili sajarosamarTlis iuridiuli pirebis (saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis garda)saxsrebiT Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas satendero dokumentaciismiRebisaTvis wesdeba satendero mosakreblis Semdegi ganakveTebi:

a) Ria tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi _ 500 lari;b) daxuruli tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi _ 150 lari.2. afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebis, agreTve

adgilobrivi biujetebis saxsrebiT, aseve afxazeTis da aWaris avtonomiurirespublikebis biujetebis, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruliadgilobrivi biujetebis dafinansebaze myofi organizaciebisa dadawesebulebebis specsaxsrebiT Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisas satenderodokumentaciis miRebisaTvis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiTSeiZleba dawesdes adgilobrivi satendero mosakrebeli, romlisganakveTebic ar unda aRematebodes am muxlis pirveli punqtiT dadgenilsatendero mosakreblis ganakveTebs.

muxli 20. pretendentTa SerCeva daxuruli tenderis dros1. daxuruli tenderi Catarebis SemTxvevaSi gancxadeba daxuruli

tenderis Catarebis Sesaxeb egzavneba satendero komisiis mier SerCeulpirebs.

2. daxuruli tenderis Catarebisas gansaxilvel satenderowinadadebaTa raodenoba ar unda iyos samze naklebi, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSiSemsyidveli organizacia uflebamosilia saagentosTan SeTanxmebiT angaagrZelos dawyebuli tenderi an Sewyvitos igi da gamoacxados Riatenderi.

3. am muxlis pirveli da me-2 punqtebiT dadgenili wesebis gardadaxuruli tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba Ria tenderisaTvisdadgenili wesebi.

muxli 21. oretapiani tenderi1. oretapiani tenderi tardeba im SemTxvevaSi, roca:a) Sesyidveis obieqtis Taviseburebidan gamomdinare SeuZlebelia

yvela ekonomikuri da teqnikuri pirobis winaswar gansazRvra da Semsyidvelorganizacias aucileblad miaCnia tenderis pirvel etapze pretendentebTanmolaparakeba teqnikuri, ekonomikuri da sxva monacemebis dazustebis mizniT;

b) Sesyidvis obieqtia sakonsultacio momsaxureba, samecniero kvleva,Zieba, eqsperimenti an sakonstruqtoro da saproeqto samuSaoebi, romelTaSedegebisa da Rirebulebis gansazRvra winaswar SeuZlebelia.

2. oretapiani tenderis pirvel etapze pretendentebi waradgenenpirvelad satendero winadadebebs Rirebulebis gareSe.

3. tenderis pirvel etapze satendero komisias ufleba aqvs gamarTosmolaparakebebi pretendentebTan pirveladi satendero winadadebebis


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nebismieri pirobis dazustebis da satendero dokumentaciis saboloomoTxovnebis gansazRvris mizniT.

4. pirveladi satendero winadadebis ganxilvis Sedegad satenderokomisia adgens satendero dokumentaciis saboloo variants. pretendentismier satendero mosakreblis gadaxdis Semdeg mas gadaecema satenderodokumentaciis saboloo varianti.

5. am muxlis pirveli da me- 2 - 4 punqtebiT dadgenili wesebis garda,oretapiani tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba erTetapiani tenderisCatarebisaTvis dadgenili wesebi.

Tavi IV

erT pirTan molaparakeba

muxli 22. erT pirTan molaparakeba1. Semsyidvel organizacias ufleba aqvs miiRos gadawyvetileba

Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb erT pirTan molaparakebiT, Tu:a) Sesyidvis obieqtis savaraudo Rirebuleba ar aRemateba 10.000

lars, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebis Sesyidvis SemTxvevaSi 50.000 lars;b) saqonlis miwodeba, samuSaos Sesruleba an momsaxurebis gaweva

mxolod erTi piris eqskluziuri uflebaa;g) arsebobs fors-maJoruli situacia da aucilebelia Sesyidvis

dauyonebliv ganxorcieleba;d) mimwodeblisagan miRebuli saqonlis (teqnologiis an mowyobilobis),

samuSaoebisa da momsaxurebis xarisxis gauaresebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT,agreTve miRebuli saqonlis an Sesrulebuli samuSaos Sedegis Semdgomieqspluataciis uzrunvelsayofad aucilebelia saqonlis, samuSaoebisa damomsaxurebis Sesyidvis ganxorcieleba amave momwodeblisagan, im SemTxvevisgarda, rodesac gansaxorcielebeli Sesyidvis savaraudo RirebulebaaRemateba Tavdapirveli miwodebis Rirebulebas;

2. erT pirTan molaparakebas Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis Sesaxebawarmoebs Semsyidveli organizaciis xelmZRvaneli an mis mier saqarTveloskanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT uflebamosili piri.

Tavi Vsaxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb

xelSekrulebis pirobebis gadasinjva

muxli 23. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis SesaxebxelSekrulebis pirobebis gadasinjva

1. mimwodebelTan dadebuli xelSekrulebis pirobebis SecvladauSvebelia, Tu am cvlilebebis Sedegad izrdeba xelSekrulebisRirebuleba an uaresdeba xelSekrulebis pirobebi SemsyidveliorganizaciisaTvis, garda saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 398-e muxliTgaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa.

2. mimwodebelTan dadebuli xelSekrulebis pirobebis gadasinjviswesi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.


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Tavi VI

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis monitoringi da kontroli

muxli 24. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb angariSi1. Sesyidvis procesi aisaxeba saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb angariSSi,

romlis Sedgenis da Senaxvis wesi ganisazRvreba Sesabamisi normatiuliaqtiT.

2. tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis SesaxebangariSs Tan unda daerTos satendero komisiis sxdomebis oqmebi. tenderSimonawile eqspertebisa da konsultantebis daskvnebi, agreTve sxvadokumentebi, romelebic gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba am muxlis pirveli punqtiTgansazRvruli normatiuli aqtiT.

3. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb angariSi waredgineba saagentos SemdegvadebSi:

a) tenderis Catarebis SemTxvevaSi - saxelmwifo Sesyidvis SesaxebxelSekrulebis dadebidan ara ugvianes 10 dRisa;

b) erT pretendentTan molaparakebis SemTxvevaSi - Tu Sesyidvis obieqtisRirebuleba aRemateba 25.000 lars - xelSekrulebis dadebidan ara ugvianes10 dRisa;

g) 25.000 larze naklebi Rirebulebis saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis SesaxebangariSebi - yovelkvartalurad, ara ugvianes momdevno kvartlis pirveliTvis 10 ricxvisa.

4. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb angariSebi xelmisawvdomi unda iyosyvela dainteresebuli pirisaTvis maTi moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, xolo amangariSebis mokle mimoxilva regularulad unda qveyndebodes Sesabamisinormatiuli aqtiT gansazRvrul sainformacio saSualebebSi.

5. or milion larze meti Rirebulebis tenderis saSualebiTganxorcielebuli saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb angariSs satenderokomisiis Tavmjdomare warudgens saqarTvelos prezidents mTavrobissxdomaze.

6. saqarTvelos finansTa saministro, afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiurirespublikebis finansTa saministroebi, adgilobrivi safinanso organoebivaldebulni arian sistematurad (yovelTviurad) miawodon saagentosinformacia sabiujeto dawesebulebebisaTvis saxsrebis faqtobrivigamoyofis Sesaxeb.

7. saagento uflebamosilia saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebisnebismier etapze Semsyidveli organizaciebisa da SesyidvebSi monawilepirTagan moiTxovos saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli nebismieridokumenti da informacia, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis SesaxebxelSekrulebebis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis CaTvliT.

8. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procesis gamWvirvaleobis uzrunvelyofismizniT, saagento valdebulia awarmoos monitoringi saxelmwifoSesyidvebis procesSi iseTi principebis dacvaze, rogoricaa sajaroobada samarTlianoba, dadgenili procedurebis zustad Sesruleba daangariSgeba, Ria da efeqtiani konkurenciis uzrunvelyofa, racionalurida Tavisufali arCevanis SesaZlebloba.


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Tavi VI1

saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebuli davisganxilvisa da gasaCivrebis wesi

muxli 241. gasaCivrebisa da davis ganxilvis wesi1. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebSi monawileobis msurvel,

monawile, pretendent da mimwodebel iuridiul da fizikur pirebs SeuZliaTgaasaCivron Semsyidveli organizaciis (satendero komisiis) qmedebebiSemsyidvel organizaciaSi, saagentosa an sasamarTloSi, Tu maT miaCniaT,rom saxelmwifo Sesyidvisas darRveul iqna saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis SesaxebsaqarTvelos kanoniTa da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili wesebian/da Selaxul iqna maTi uflebebi.

2. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamde pretenziiswarmoSobis SemTxvevaSi pretenziis mqone pirs SeuZlia TxovniT mimarTosSemsyidvel organizacias gadasinjos satendero komisiis an Semsyidveliorganizaciis pasuxismgebeli piris gadawyvetileba an/da ganixiloswarmoqmnili dava.

3. pretenziis mqone piri am muxlis me-2 punqtiT gansazRvrul SemTxvevaSiuflebamosilia saCivriT mimarTos Semsyidvel organizacias ara ugvianes20 kalendaruli dRisa im garemoebebis Setyobis an im gadawyvetilebismiRebis dRidan, romlebmac gamoiwvies pretenzia an dava. saCivris ganxilvisprocesSi monawileobis miReba SeuZliaT, agreTve im pirebs, romelTainteresebsac uSualod exeba an SeiZleba Seexos warmoqmnili saCivari.

4. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamdesaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebSi monawileobis msurvel, monawile,pretendent da mimwodebel iuridiul da fizikur pirebs saxelmwifoSesyidvasTan dakavSirebuli davebis ganxilvis mizniT SeuZliaT mimarTonsaagentos.

5. saagentoSi saCivris Setana saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebSimonawileobis msurvel, monawile, pretendent da mimwodebel iuridiulda fizikur pirebs SeuZliaT agreTve im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saCivarTandakavSirebiT Semsyidveli organizaciis gadawyvetileba maT ardaakmayofilebT.

6. am muxlis me- 4 da me-5 punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSisaagentos saCivris miRebidan ara ugvianes 10 dRisa gamoaqvs werilobiTidasabuTebuli gadawyvetileba, romelic ecnobeba saCivris warmdgen pirsda Semsyidvel organizacias.

7. Tu saagentos mier saCivris da masTan dakavSirebuli garemoebebisdetaluri Seswavlis Sedegad dadasturdeba saCivris samarTlianoba,saagento uflebamosilia:

a) miuTiTos Semsyidvel organizacias mis araswor qmedebaze damosTxovos mas Sesyidvis procedurebis kanonmdeblobis dacviTganaxorcieleba;

b) mosTxovos Semsyidvel organizacias miRebuli gadawyvetilebebisgadasinjva an gauqmeba;

g) am kanonis moTxovnaTa darRvevis SemTxvevaSi kanonmdeblobiTgaTvaliswinebuli organoebis winaSe daayenos saxelmwifo SesyidvaSi


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monawile mxareebis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi.8. am muxlis me-3 punqtSi miTiTebuli vadis gasvlis, agreTve saxelmwifo

Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebis Semdeg nebismieri saCivrisganxilva dasaSvebia mxolod sasamarTlo wesiT.

9. gasaCivrebas ar eqvemdebareba pretenzia, Tu igi exeba:a) am kanoniTa da Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili wesebis

dacviT saxelmwifo Sesyidvis ganxorcielebis saSualebis SerCevas;b) Semsyidveli organizaciis gadawyvetilebas saxelmwifo Sesyidvis

procedurebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb, romelic miRebulia am kanoniTa daSesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT dadgenili wesiT.

10. saCivars unda hqondes seriozuli safuZveli da axldes momCivanisdasabuTebuli ganmarteba imis Sesaxeb, rom misi moTxovnebisdaukmayofileblobis SemTxvevaSi igi mniSvnelovnad dazaraldeba.

11. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis dadebamde SemsyidvelorganizaciaSi, saagentoSi an sasamarTloSi saCivris wardgenis SemTxvevaSi,Semsyidveli organizacia valdebulia SeaCeros Sesyidvebis procedurebi10 dRis vadiT. Semsyidveli organizaciis xelmZRvanelis, saagentos ansasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT SeCerebis vada SeiZleba gagrZeldes, magrammisi saerTo vada ar unda aRematebodes 30 dRes, Tu gadawyvetilebaSesyidvis procedurebis SeCerebis Sesaxeb miRebulia Semsyidveliorganizaciis xelmZRvanelis an saagentos mier.

12. Semsyidvel organizacias ufleba aqvs gasaCivrebis periodSisaagentosTan SeTanxmebiT ar SeaCeros Sesyidvis procedurebi, Tu Sesyidvisganxorcielebis dayovneba SeuZlebelia an gaumarTlebelia saxelmwifoan sazogadoebrivi interesebidan gamomdinare.

13. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis procedurebSi monawileobis msurvel,monawile, pretendent da mimwodebel iuridiul da fizikur pirebsSeuZliaT Semsyidveli organizaciis da saagentos mier saCivarTandakavSirebiT miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi gaasaCivron sasamarTlo wesiT.

14. zarali, romelic am muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli ganxilvis SedegadSeiZleba gadaxdil iqnes momCivanisTvis, unda Semoifarglos mxolodSesyidvebis procedurebSi monawileobasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebisanazRaurebiT da ar unda iTvaliswinebdes savaraudo mogebisanazRaurebas.

Tavi VIIgardamavali debuleba

muxli 25. 2000 wlis 1 ianvramde saqarTvelos prezidentis 1997wlis 20 ivnisis #317 brZanebulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli saqonlisSesyidvis wesi

am kanonis moqmedeba 2000 wlis 1 ianvramde ar vrceldeba `qveynisZalovani struqturebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli biujeturi asignebebisoptimaluri gamoyenebisa da adgilobrivi sawarmoebis maqsimaluradamoqmedebis xelSemwyob zogierT gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~saqarTvelos prezidentis 1997 wlis 20 ivnisis #317 brZanebulebiTgaTvaliswinebul saqonelze.


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Tavi VIII

daskvniTi debulebani

muxli 26 . saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministros saxelmwifoSesyidvebis departamentis Seqmna da am kanonis amoqmedebasTandakavSirebiT misaRebi normatiuli aqtebi

1. saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministrom 1999 wlis 1 ivlisamde Seqmnassaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis departamenti.

2. saqarTvelos prezidentma 1999 wlis 1 ivlisamde daniSnossaqarTvelos ekonomikis saministros saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis departamentisTavmjdomare.

3. saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministrom 1999 wlis 1 ivlisamde miiRosam kanonis amoqmedebisaTvis aucilebeli normatiuli aqtebi.

4. saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamentma saqarTvelosekonomikis saministrosTan SeTanxmebiT 1999 wlis 1 ivlisamde daamtkicossaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb statistikuri angariSis forma.

5. saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministros saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisdepartamentis xarjebi gaTvaliswinebul iqnes 1999 wlis saqarTvelossaxelmwifo biujetSi.

muxli 261. saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagentos Seqmna da am kanonisamoqmedebasTan dakavSirebiT misaRebi normatiuli aqtebi

1. saqarTvelos ekonomikis, mrewvelobisa da vaWrobis saministrossaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis departamentis saagentod reorganizaciasTandakavSirebiT 2001 wlis 1 maisamde gamocemul iqnes Semdegi kanonqvemdebareaqtebi:

a) saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba `saxelmwifo Sesyidvebissaagentos Seqmnisa da misTvis saxelmwifo qonebis gadacemis Sesaxeb~;

b) saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba `saxelmwifo SesyidvebissaagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWos debulebis damtkicebisSesaxeb~.

2. saagentom Tavisi uflebamosilebaTa ganxorcieleba daiwyos dasaagentosTan arsebuli sameTvalyureo sabWos pirveli SemadgenlobadainiSnos 2001 wlis 1 maisidan.

3. 2001 wlis 1 ivnisamde saqarTvelos parlamentma saqarTvelosadministraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa da sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsebSiSesabamisi damatebebis SetaniT daadginos pasuxismgeblobis formebisaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis maregulirebeli kanonmdeblobis darRvevisaTvis.

4. 2001 wlis 1 ivnisamde saagentos Tavmjdomarem gamosces brZanebasaxelmwifo Sesyidvebis ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb debulebisdamtkicebis Taobaze.

5. 2001 wlis 1 ivnisamde saqarTvelos prezidentma daamtkicos`saxelmwifo saidumloebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazRvrulsaxelmwifo saidumloebasTan dakavSirebuli saxelmwifo Sesyidvebisganxorcilebis wesi.

6. saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis sabWom 2001 wlis 1 ivnisamdedaamtkicos erovnuli bankis mier gansaxorcilebeli Sesyidvebis wesi.


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muxli 27. Zaladakarguli normatiuli aqtebi1. kanonis gamoqveynebisTanave Zaladakargulad CaiTvalos saqarTvelos

prezidentis 1998 wlis 28 oqtombris #612 brZanebuleba `saqarTvelosTavdacvis saministrosaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli biujeturi asignebebidanproduqciiT uzrunvelyofis gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~.

2. 1999 wlis 1 ivlisidan Zaladakargulad CaiTvalos:a) saqarTvelos respublikis ministrTa kabinetis 1993 wlis 30 martis

#264 dadgenileba ̀ saqarTvelos respublikis saxelmwifo saWiroebisaTvisproduqciisa da saqonlis miwodebis Sesaxeb~;

b) saqarTvelos prezidentis 1996 wlis 31 martis #244 brZanebuleba`saqarTvelos samxedro Zalebis materialur-teqnikur uzrunvelyofaSiqveynis samrewvelo potencialis maqsimalurad gamoyenebis zogierTRonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~;

g) ̀ samSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifo dakveTebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTveloskanoni (parlamentis uwyebani, #8-9, 21.02.1998).

3. 2000 wlis 1 ianvridan Zaladakargulad CaiTvalos saqarTvelosprezidentis 1997 wlis 20 ivnisis #317 brZanebuleba `qveynis ZalovanistruqturebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli biujeturi asignebebis optimaluradgamoyenebisa da adgilobrivi sawarmoebis maqsimalurad amoqmedebisxelSemwyob zogier gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~.

muxli 28. kanonis amoqmedebaam kanonis me-7 da me-8 Tavebi amoqmeddes gamoqveynebisTanave, xolo

kanonis danarCeni Tavebi - 1999 wlis 1 ivlisidan.


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bibliografia

saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi (miRebulia 1999 wlis 25ivniss)

saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsi (miRebulia 1999 wlis23 ivliss)

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi (miRebulia 1999 wlis 22 ivliss)

saqarTvelos kanoni “samewarmeo saqmianobis licenziisa da nebarTvisgacemis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 2002 wlis 14 maiss)

saqarTvelos kanoni “sabaJo mosakrebelTa Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1999 wlis28 maiss, 2001 wlis 16 marts masSi cvlilebebi Seitanes)

saqarTvelos kanoni “mSeneblobis proeqtebis kompleqsuri eqspertizisada damtkicebis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1999 wlis 16 aprils)

saqarTvelos kanoni “arqiteqturul-samSeneblo saqmianobaze saxelmwifozedamxedvelobis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1997 wlis 14 noembers)

saqarTvelos kanoni “saavtomobilo gzebis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1994 wlis11 noembers, 1997 wlis 16 oqtombers masSi cvlilebebi Seitanes)

saqarTvelos kanoni “sagzao fondis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 1995 wlis 2seqtembers, 1999 wlis 6 ivnissa da 2002 wlis 7 ivniss masSi cvlilebebiSeitanes)

saqarTvelos kanoni “samSeneblo saqmianobis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 2000 wlis27 oqtombers)

saqarTvelos kanoni “saproeqto-samSeneblo saqmianobis licenzirebisSesaxeb” (miRebulia 1999 wlis 9 seqtembers)

saqarTvelos kanoni “samSeneblo dargSi saxelmwifo dakveTebis Sesaxeb”(miRebulia 1998 wlis 6 Tebervals)

saqarTvelos kanoni “sagzao usafrTxoebis Sesaxeb” (miRebulia 2000 wlis27 seqtembers)

saqarTvelos kanoni “saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb” (gamoqveynda saqarT-velos sakanonmdeblo biuletenSi “saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo macne”,#7, 1998 weli, #10, 2001 weli)

prezidentis dadgenilebebi, saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenilebebi,saxelisuflebo uwyebaTa dadgenilebebi (1992 wlis 25 agvistodan 2003wlis 14 aprilamde)

bibliografia

178

saqarTvelos saerTo sargeblobis saavtomobilo gzebis reabilitaciisada modernizaciis saprezidento programa, saavtomobilo gzebis saministro,saxelmwifo koncerni “saqavtogza”, Tbilisi, 1996 weli

saxelmwifo kontrolis palatis dokumentebi (saxelmwifo kontrolispalatis arqivebi, 1997-2002 ww)

transportis reabilitaciis proeqti: saqarTvelos saavtomobilo gzebissaxelmwifo departamenti, BCEOM (French Engineering Consultants), Scott Wilson (ConsultingEngineers), saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos dafinansebiT (msoflio banki),Tbilisi, 1998 wlis aprili

amierkavkasiis sami qveynis satransporto politikis sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnilierToblivi seminaris masalebi, 18-19 aprili, 2002 weli

korufciasTan brZola: erovnuli usafrTxoebis elementebi, TI – resursebissaxelmZRvanelo, 2000 weli

korufcia saqarTveloSi: gamokiTxvis masalebi: msoflio bankis miermomzadebuli angariSi, romelic eyrdnoboda saqarTvelos mosaxleobisazris kvlevis saerTaSoriso biuros mier msoflio bankisa da aSS-sganviTarebis saagentos dafinansebiTa da saqarTvelos mTavrobisxelSewyobiT Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegebs ivnisi, 2000 weli

saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba da saqarTvelo (1992-2000), Tbilisi, marti, 2000 weli

saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba da saqarTvelo (1992-2000), Tbilisi, marti, 2002 weli

saqarTvelos statistikuri weliwdeuli (1999), saqarTvelos statistikissaxelmwifo departamenti, Tbilisi, 2000 weli



saqarTvelo: statistikuri mimoxilva (2002), saqarTvelos statistikissaxelmwifo departamenti, Tbilisi, 2003 weli

saqarTvelo: statistikuri mimoxilva (2003), saqarTvelos statistikissaxelmwifo departamenti, Tbilisi, 2003 weli

saavtomobilo gzebis saxelmwifo departamentis sazogadoebrivi zedamxed-veloba, Transparency International – saqarTvelo, saqarTvelos axalgazrdaiuristTa asociacia, saqarTvelos axalgazrda ekonomistTa asociacia,Tbilisi, noemberi, 2002 weli

saqarTvelos Sefasebis angariSi, miRebulia GRECO-s mexuTe plenarulsxdomaze, strasburgi, 11-15 ivnisi, 2001 weli

bibliografia

179

bibliografia

arCil gegeSiZe: saqarTvelos, rogorc satranzito qveynis funqciada mdgradi ganviTareba (angariSi wardgenili iqna mdgradi ganviTa-rebis msoflio samitze da misi moZieba SesaZlebelia vebgverdze:http://www.johannesburgsummit.org)

masmediis masalebi:

gazeTebi: “alia”, “dilis gazeTi”, “24 saaTi”, “kviris palitra”

satelevizio programa “60 wuTi”, 2001 weli

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amerikis universitetis transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTi centri(TraCCC) warmoadgens amerikel mecnierTa jgufs, romelic eweva akademiur kvlevas,specialistTa momzadebasa da gadamzadebas, sazogadoebriv ganaTlebas. am jgufis mierSemuSavebuli analitikuri moxsenebebi da rekomendaciebi miewodeba rogorc amerikisSeerTebuli Statebis, ise sxva dainteresebuli qveynebis mTavrobebs, erovnul TusaerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. centrs afinansebs amerikis SeerTebuliStatebis saxelmwifo departamenti. dawvrilebiTi informacia centris Sesaxeb SegiZliaTnaxoT internetSi, misamarTze: www.american.edu/traccc/

transnacionaluri danaSaulisa da korufciis kvleviTi centris saqarTvelos ofisSi(TraCCC GO) muSaobs amerikel da qarTvel mecnierTa erToblivi jgufi, romlis saqmianobacZiriTadad orientirebulia korufciisa da transnacionaluri danaSaulis kvlevazesaqarTveloSi. saqarTvelos ofisi axorcielebs sazogadoebriv saqmianobas, atarebssajaro leqciebsa da specialur leqcia-seminarebs dainteresebul pirTaTvis, yovelTviuradaqveynebs presis mimoxilvas aRniSnul sakiTxebze. vrclad informacia saqarTvelosofisis Sesaxeb SegiZliaT naxoT vebgverdze: www.traccc.cdn.ge

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