EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Web viewGold Rush. LTG. Deyeuxia quadriseta. Reed...

EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment

Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland

Description:A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt forest or open woodland to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on flat or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils).

Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name15% Eucalyptus viminalisEucalyptus ovata

Manna GumSwamp Gum

Understorey: Life

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% TMedium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 7 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10 % BL

Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark

EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesSS Hibbertia stricta s.l. Upright Guinea-flowerPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Wahlenbergia gymnoclada Naked BluebellMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortSH Kennedia prostrata Running PostmanSH Solenogyne dominii Smooth SolenogyneLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLNG Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedgeLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rushMTG Poa rodwayi Velvet Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper

Recruitment:Continuous

Organic Litter:40 % cover

Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury low lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel low lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 8: Wet Heathland

Description:A low, generally treeless heathland, although sometimes emergent eucalypts may be present. Occurs on lower slopes, flats or depressions, which are infertile and subjected to prolonged water logging. Understorey is often dominated a range of sedges, grasses and shrubs.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 7 40% MS

Small Shrub 6 15% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code

Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameScented Paperbark

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heathSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf XanthosiaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Acianthus spp. Mosquito OrchidSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLTG Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus Button GrassLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-sedgeMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.s. Grass Trigger-plant

MNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lycopodium deuterodensum Bushy ClubmossSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:20%

cover

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.


EVC 8: Wet Heathland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 10: Estuarine Wetland

Description:Grows on anaerobic peat-rich muds on the edges of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity conditions. Vegetation is determined by fluctuating salinity, which varies in time from occasionally fresh to brackish or occasionally saline according to river flood and marine tide events. Dominated by graminoids and halophytic herbs and often fringed by a tall scrub layer of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia at the landward edge.

Life Forms: Life form Medium

#Spp2

%Cover25%

LF codeMHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 10% SH

Large Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 20% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common Name

MH Sarcocornia quinqueflora ssp. quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Leptinella longipes Coast CotulaLTG Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedgeLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Schoenoplectus pungens Sharp Club-sedge

MNG Apodasmia brownii Coarse Twine-rushMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedgeSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:

Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years

Organic Litter:10% cover


EVC 10: Estuarine Wetland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 16: Lowland Forest

Description:Open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity of species and lifeforms in each stratum. Includes a variety of heathy understorey shrubs. It grows on a wide variety of geology and soils.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus baxteri s.l.

Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus

Brown StringybarkMessmate Stringybark Swamp Gum

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 8 25% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%


EVC 16: Lowland Forest - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Narrow-leaf WattleSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodLH Dipodium punctatum s.l. Hyacinth OrchidMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this

EVC.






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 18: Riparian Forest

Description:A tall forest to 30 m tall along river banks and associated alluvial terraces with occasional occurrences in the heads of gullies leading into creeks and rivers. Soils are fertile alluvium, regularly inundated and permanently moist. Dominated by tall eucalypts, but also has an open to sparse secondary tree layer of wattles and scattered dense patches of shrubs, ferns, grasses and herbs.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Name40% Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 3 15% TMedium Shrub 4 15% MSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 5 30% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFEpiphyte 2 1% EPScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 18: Riparian Forest - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Pittosporum bicolor BanyallaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Hedycarya angustifolia Austral MulberryMS Solanum aviculare Kangaroo AppleLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Scutellaria humilis Dwarf SkullcapMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaMH Australina pusilla ssp. muelleri Shade NettleMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Callitriche muelleri Round Water-starwortLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Baloskion tetraphyllum ssp. tetraphyllum Tassel Cord-rushLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower RushMTG r Isolepis wakefieldiana Tufted Club-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Hypolepis rugosula Ruddy Ground-fernGF Gleichenia microphylla Scrambling Coral-fernGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernTRF Todea barbara Austral King-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernEP Microsorum pustulatum ssp. pustulatum Kangaroo FernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernEP Amyema pendula Drooping MistletoeSC Parsonsia brownii Twining SilkpodSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Calystegia marginata Forest Bindweed



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high high






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to high rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25 m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus ovataMessmate StringybarkSwamp Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 5 15% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 3 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Narrow-leaf WattleSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingMH Viola hederacea sensu Entwisle (1996) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Galium ciliare Hairy BedstrawLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.s. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Poa sieberiana var. hirtella Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. coriacea Wattle Mat-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low





%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus baxteri s.l. Eucalyptus cypellocarpaEucalyptus ovata

Messmate StringybarkBrown Stringybark Mountain Grey


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 45: Shrubby Foothill ForestDescription:Open eucalypt forest to 25 m tall occurring on exposed aspects and slight to moderate slopes. The understorey is characterised by a distinctive middle strata dominated by a diversity of narrow-leaved shrubs and a paucity of ferns, graminoids and herbs inthe ground stratum.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:

Understorey: Life form #Spp %CoverImmature Canopy Tree 5%Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5%Medium Shrub 7 40%Small Shrub 2 10%Medium Herb 4 5%Small or Prostrate Herb 1 1%Large Tufted Graminoid 2 10%Large Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10%Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5%Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1%Ground Fern 3 10%Scrambler or Climber 2 1%Bryophytes/Lichens na 10%

LF CodeT


Common NamePrivet Mock-olive

MS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Narrow-leaf WattleSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Gonocarpus humilis Shade RaspwortSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-ruLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 48: Heathy Woodland

Description:Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus obliqua Messmate

StringybarkUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITMedium Shrub 7 30% MSSmall Shrub 4 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

75%


EVC 48: Heathy Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgePS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf XanthosiaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Drosera peltata ssp. peltata Pale SundewMH Burchardia umbellata MilkmaidsSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Patersonia fragilis Short Purple-flagMTG Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years.


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 53: Swamp Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 8 m tall at low elevations on alluvial deposits along streams or on poorly drained sites with high nutrient and water availability. Soils vary from organic loams to fine silts and peats which are inundated during the wetter months of the year and is dominated by either Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermun lanigerum and/or Paperbarks Melaleuca species which often form a dense impenetrable thicket, out-competing other species. Emergent trees (e.g. Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata) may some times be present. Where light penetrates to ground level, a moss/lichen/liverwort herbaceous ground cover is often present.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name50% Leptospermum lanigerumMelaleuca squarrosa Acacia melanoxylon

Woolly Tea-treeScented Paperbark Blackwood

Understorey: Life form


Large Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 1 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 30% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common Name

MS Melaleuca decussata Totem-polesSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-

heathLH Persicaria decipiens Slender KnotweedLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleLH Senecio odoratus var. odoratus Scented GroundselMH Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Wing PennywortSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-

sedgeLTG Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernSC Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum




EVC 53: Swamp Scrub - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment February 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2005This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:


Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.



Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland

Description:An open, eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall. Occupies poorly drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha8 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red Gum


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% T

Medium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 12 45% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameGolden Wattle

MS Acacia paradoxa Hedge WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-

flowerPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-

sorrelMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking PennywortLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLTG Austrostipa bigeniculata Kneed Spear-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-

grassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high

high LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistlehigh high

LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Woodland to 15 m tall generally occupying low energy streams of the foothills and plains. The lower strata are variously locally dominated by a range of large and medium shrub species on the stream levees in combination with large tussock grasses and sedges in the ground layer.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 2 5% MSLarge Herb 5 10% LHMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 5 20% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlackwood

T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Olearia glandulosa Swamp Daisy-bushMS Acacia verticillata ssp. verticillata Prickly MosesMS Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary EverlastingLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedLH Persicaria praetermissa Spotted KnotweedLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelMH Euchiton involucratus s.l. Star CudweedSH Leptinella reptans s.l. Creeping CotulaSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf RushMTG Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower RushMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water Ribbons

MNG

Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassM

NGTriglochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistlehigh low

LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Parentucellia viscosa Yellow Bartsia high lowMH Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high

low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel highlow SH Trifolium repens var. repensWhite Clover high low

LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog highhigh MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-

grass high highMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high lowMTG Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush high

high MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MNG Vulpia spp. Fescue high low



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Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland

Description:This EVC is usually treeless, but in some instances can include sparse River Red Gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis or Swamp GumEucalyptus ovata. A sparse shrub component may also be present. The characteristic ground cover is dominated by grasses and small sedges and herbs. The vegetation is typically species-rich on the outer verges but is usually species-poor in the wetter central areas.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 5 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerLH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herbMH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Utricularia dichotoma s.l. Fairies' ApronsSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaLTG Juncus flavidus Gold RushLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Amphibromus nervosus Common Swamp Wallaby-grassLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grassMTG Juncus holoschoenus Joint-leaf RushMTG Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)


EVC 125: Plains Grassy Wetland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high low MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

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Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 155: Bird Colony Succulent Herbland

Description:A closed, succulent herbland (to open herbland during bird nesting season) occurring on coastal sand. Almost entirely restricted to offshore seabird breeding colonies. The nutrient enriched sandy substrates are dominated by the succulent herb Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma and other succulent herbs.

Life Forms: Life


Medium Herb 2 5% MHSmall Herb 2 20% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGScrambler/Climber 2 40% SC

Total understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerLTG Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grassSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower SpinachSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisRecruitment:

Continuous


Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLHLH MH MH MTG LN

Sonchus oleraceusDiplotaxis muralis Polycarpon tetraphyllum Arctotheca calendula Bromus diandrus Ammophila

Common Sow-thistleWall RocketFour-leaved Allseed Cape WeedGreat Brome

highhigh high high

lowlow low low high low

EVC 155: Bird Colony Succulent Herbland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 160: Coastal Dune Scrub

Description:Coastal Dune Scrub occupies the secondary dunes along ocean and bay beaches and lake shores. Closed scrub to 3 m tall with occasional emergent trees on siliceous and calcareous sands that are subject to high levels of saltspray and continuous disturbance from onshore winds.

Life forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 7 50% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 7 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MS Acacia longifolia ssp. sophorae Coast WattleMS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-BushLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselMH k Stackhousia spathulata Coast StackhousiaSH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea CelerySH Threlkeldia diffusa Coast BonefruitMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei ssp. billardierei Coast Blown-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedgeSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower SpinachSC Clematis microphylla var. microphylla Small-leaved

ClematisR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.


Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS MSLH LHLH LH MHMH MH

Lycium ferocissimum Rhamnus alaternusSonchus oleraceus Sonchus asper s.l.Senecio elegans Melilotus indicus Hypochoeris radicataCerastium glomeratum s.l.Galium murale

African Box-thorn Italian BuckthornCommon Sow-thistle Rough Sow-thistlePurple Groundsel Sweet Melilot Cat's EarCommon Mouse-ear Chickweed Small GoosegrassMarram

high highhigh highhigh high high

high highlow lowhigh low lowlow

EVC 160: Coastal Dune Scrub - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub

Description:Scrub or shrubland to 0.5 m tall on steep, rocky coastal headlands often associated with cliffs exposed to the stresses of extreme salt-laden winds and salt spray from the south west. Occurs on shallow sands in association with rocky sections of the coast.


codeMedium Shrub 5 50% MSSmall Shrub 2 10% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameCoast Beard-heath

MS Leptospermum scoparium ManukaMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesSS Leucophyta brownii Cushion BushSS Acrotriche affinis Ridged Ground-

berrySS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeMTG Poa poiformis var. poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

MNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH MHMH MHLNG

Sonchus oleraceus Hypochoeris radicataCentaurium erythraea

Common Sow-thistle Cat's EarCommon Centaury PimpernelYorkshire Fog

high highhigh

low lowlow

EVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland

Description:A tussock grassland that may contain emergent shrubs. Occurs on exposed coastal cliffs and bluffs. Soils are saline and the strong salt-laden winds preclude tree growth.

Life Forms: Life


Small Shrub 2 15% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common Name

MS Leptospermum scoparium ManukaMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-BushSS Acrotriche affinis Ridged Ground-

berrySS Hibbertia aspera s.l. Rough Guinea-flowerSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-pea

PS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Senecio spathulatus s.l. Dune GroundselMH Brachyscome parvula Coast DaisySH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-

grassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedgeMNG Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge

MNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:

20% cover

Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

LHLH MH MH MH MH

Sonchus oleraceusCirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicataAnagallis arvensis Centaurium erythraeaLeontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Plantago coronopus

Common Sow-thistleSpear Thistle Cat's Ear PimpernelCommon Centaury Hairy HawkbitBuck's-horn Plantain

highhigh high high high

lowhigh low low low low high


EVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 165: Damp Heath Scrub

Description:Shrubland to 3 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts. Occurs on flat to gently sloping terrain, on or near coastal sites. Generally high rainfall and lack of drainage combine to retain high levels of moisture throughout the year.


codeMedium Shrub 6 50% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSMedium Herb 4 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesSS Isopogon ceratophyllus Horny Cone-bushSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaSS Hibbertia stricta s.l. Upright Guinea-

flowerSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf XanthosiaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMTG Patersonia fragilis Short Purple-flagMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-

sedgeMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedgeMNG Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedgeMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.



EVC 165: Damp Heath Scrub - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 175: Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on a range of geologies.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus ovata

Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Eucalyptus viminalis

Swamp GumNarrow-leaf Peppermint Manna Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 2 10% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 8 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 45% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameDrooping Sheoak

T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Cassinia arcuata Drooping CassiniaMS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Atriplex semibaccata Berry SaltbushMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrMH Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding SaltbushSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis

EVC 175: Grassy Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low MHHypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low

MH Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high low MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high

highMTG Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt-grass high lowMTG Nassella neesiana Chilean Needle-grass high highMTG Nassella trichotoma Serrated Tussock high high






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 181: Coast Gully Thicket

Description:Occurs along drainage lines and small creeks close to the coast. The soils are shallow sands grading to clay over limestone. Shrubland/thicket with occasional eucalypts wind pruned to 3 m tall. This EVC is subject to prevailing south-west winds that restrict its height.

Life forms: Life


Small Shrub 1 5% SSMedium Herb 2 1% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 5% MTGGround Fern 2 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10 % BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NameManuka

MS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Hibbertia aspera s.l. Rough Guinea-flowerMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurelSC Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing LignumSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

Recruitment:

Continuous


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)


EVC 181: Coast Gully Thicket - Warrnambool Plain bioregion





%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus ovata

Eucalyptus obliquaSwamp GumMessmate Stringybark


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 198: Sedgy Riparian WoodlandDescription:Eucalypt forest or woodland to 15 m tall with sedge-dominated understorey. Occurs on flats along low gradient creeks and drainage lines subject to seasonal inundation and waterlogging in moderately fertile habitats.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:


#Spp %Cover5%

Medium Shrub 5 30%Large Herb 1 1%Medium Herb 7 10%Small or Prostrate Herb 2 5%Large Tufted Graminoid 3 30%Large Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5%Medium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1%Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10%Ground Fern 2 10%Scrambler or Climber 1 1%Bryophytes/Lichens na 20%

LF CodeMS


Common NameScented Paperbark

MS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daiSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-ruLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Tetraria capillaris Hair SedgeMTG Poa clelandii Noah's ArkMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

EVC 198: Sedgy Riparian Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry high

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest

Description:Tall eucalypt forest to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns. Herbs may also be abundant where light penetrates the ground layer.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name40% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus viminalisMessmate StringybarkManna Gum


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 20% GFTree Fern 1 15% TRFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushT Notelaea ligustrina Privet Mock-oliveMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Gonocarpus humilis Shade RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Billardiera longiflora var. longiflora Purple Apple-berry



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 203: Stony Rises Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall on stony rises (highly irregular terrain on recent basalt flows). Soils are fertile and well-drained but shallow or skeletal. Limited soil development outside of rock-cracks and dry summers promote annuals and deep-rooted perennials.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis Manna Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% TMedium Shrub 1 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 20% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



MS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herbLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselLH Rumex brownii Slender DockMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelMH Parietaria debilis s.l. Shade PellitorySH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMTG Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grassMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock FernSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis


EVC 203: Stony Rises Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Carduus pycnocephalus Slender Thistle high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972)Black Nightshade high low

MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed highlow MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low

MH Veronica persica Persian Speedwell highlow MH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean

Clover high lowMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high low



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Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 642: Basalt Shrubby Woodland

Description:Eucalypt-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with an understorey of shrubs and grasses, presumed originally quite species-rich. Occurs on well-drained to seasonally damp fertile soils in higher rainfall areas of volcanic plain.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus ovataEucalyptus viminalis

Swamp GumManna Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 2 5% MSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGGround Fern 1 15% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF CodeT



T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisySH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Kennedia prostrata Running PostmanSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraLTG Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grassLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassMTG Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis ssp. filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grassMTG Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM

NGMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

EVC 642: Basalt Shrubby Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high highLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low MH Gamochaeta purpurea s.s. Spiked Cudweed high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMNG Aira elegantissima Delicate Hair-grass high lowMNG Cynosurus echinatus Rough Dog's-tail high lowSNG Sisyrinchium iridifolium Blue Pigroot high low

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland

Description:Occurs in seasonally wet depressions on volcanic and sedimentary plains, typically associated with fertile, silty, peaty or heavy clay paludal soils. Primarily sedgy-herbaceous vegetation, sometimes with scattered or fringing eucalypts or tea-tree/paperbark shrubs in higher rainfall areas. A range of aquatic herbs can be present, and species-richness is mostly relatively low to moderate, but higher towards drier margins.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 2 5% LH

Medium Herb 5 40% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNG

LF Code


Common NameVariable Willow-herb

MH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-milfoilMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH v Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) Pale Swamp EverlastingSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootLTG Carex tereticaulis Hollow SedgeMTG k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Wetland Blown-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG v Amphibromus sinuatus Wavy Swamp Wallaby-

grassRecruitment:

Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)

Weediness:LF Code

MTGTypical Weed SpeciesJuncus bulbosus

Common NameBulbous Rush

Invasivehigh

Impacthigh

EVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 651: Plains Swampy Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall with ground layer dominated by tussock grasses, sedges and herbs. Shrubs are often scattered throughout. Occurs on poorly drained, seasonally waterlogged heavy soils.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%


Medium Shrub 3 15% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 30% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 7 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH R r Lobelia beaugleholei Showy LobeliaSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortLTG Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLTG Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Poa clelandii Noah's ArkMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat Grass


EVC 651: Plains Swampy Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit high low LTG Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMNG Holcus setosus Annual Fog high lowMNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high lowTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high low

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 653: Aquatic Herbland

Description:Herbland of permanent to semi-permanent wetlands, dominated by sedges (especially on shallower verges) and/or aquatic herbs. Occurs on fertile paludal soils, typically heavy clays beneath organic accumulations.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Herb 3 20% MH

Large Tufted Graminoid 1 25% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameYellow Bladderwort

MH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-milfoilMH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedLTG Baumea articulata Jointed Twig-sedgeMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedgeMTG k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Wetland Blown-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMNG v Amphibromus sinuatus Wavy Swamp Wallaby-

grassR

ecruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.



EVC 653: Aquatic Herbland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion






Warrnambool Plain Bioregion

EVC 705: Basalt Creekline Shrubby WoodlandDescription:Shrub-dominated low eucalypt woodland to 10 m tall, with a range of grasses, sedges and herbs in the understorey. Occurs on heavy soils along low-gradient boggy drainage lines on relatively high rainfall volcanic plains.

Large Trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 70 cm 10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum

Understorey: Lifeform #Spp %Cover LF CodeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub Medium ShrubLarge Herb Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate Herb Large Tufted GraminoidMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid

1 10% T4 15% MS2 5% LH8 15% MH5 10% SH2 15% LTG7 20% MTG2 10% MNG

Bryophytes/Lichens 10% BL

LF CodeT

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeAcacia melanoxylon


MS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Centella cordifolia CentellaMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Utricularia dichotoma s.l. Fairies' ApronsSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootSH Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's WortSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneLTG Amphibromus nervosus Common Swamp Wallaby-grassLTG Juncus flavidus Gold RushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass

Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark

EVC 705: Basalt Creekline Shrubby Woodland

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMTG Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grassMTG Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grassMTG Juncus holoschoenus Joint-leaf RushMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge

Recruitment:Continuous.


Logs:20 m/0.1ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact LH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high high MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highLTG Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue high highMH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high highMNG Holcus annuus Annual Fog high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high low MH Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. Hairy Hawkbit high low

taraxacoidesMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowTTG Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.


This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 821: Tall Marsh

Description:Occurs on Quaternary sedimentary geology of mainly estuarine sands, soils are peaty, silty clays, and average annual rainfall is approximately 600 mm. Requires shallow water (to 1 m deep) and low current-scour, and can only tolerate very low levels of salinity. Closed to open grassland/sedgeland to 3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed and Cumbungi. Small aquatic and semi- aquatic species occur amongst the reeds, however they are generally not visible during inundation.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 20% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 40% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 85%

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameLH Myriophyllum verrucosum Red Water-milfoilLH Myriophyllum salsugineum Lake Water-milfoilLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Rumex bidens Mud DockMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Lepilaena bilocularis Small-fruit Water-matSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Wolffia australiana Tiny DuckweedSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flowerSH Lemna disperma Common DuckweedLNG Typha orientalis Broad-leaf CumbungiLNG Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Lepilaena cylindrocarpa Long-fruit Water-matMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH MNG

Cotula coronopifolia Paspalum

Water Buttons Water Couch

high hi

high hi


EVC 821: Tall Marsh - Warrnambool Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.



This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Warrnambool Plain bioregionEVC 894: Scoria Cone Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or non-eucalypt woodland to 10 m tall over a grassy to bracken-dominated understorey with a range of herbs. Occurs on the slopes of freely-draining scoria cones and spatter areas of more coarse boulder-forming flow sources. Soils are fertile but often skeletal.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina spp.

70 cm50 cm

15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus viminalisAllocasuarina verticillata

Manna GumDrooping Sheoak


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 2 10% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 15% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 20% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF CodeT



MS Bursaria spinosa Sweet BursariaLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselLH Rumex brownii Wiry DockLH Senecio quadridentatus Cotton FireweedMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Acaena echinata Sheep’s BurrMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Short-stem SedgeMTG Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken


EVC 894: Scoria Cone Woodland - Warrnambool Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha


high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low MTG Briza maximaLarge Quaking-grass high low

MTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high





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