EUROCONTROLEUROCONTROL

European Organisation for the Safety of Air European Organisation for the Safety of Air NavigationNavigation

Integrating Environmental Issues Integrating Environmental Issues into into

Air Traffic Management (ATM) OperationsAir Traffic Management (ATM) Operations

George PaulsonGeorge PaulsonDirector Safety, Airspace, Airports & Director Safety, Airspace, Airports &

Information ServicesInformation Services

Colloquium on Environmental Aspects of Aviation

Montreal, Canada

9 - 11 April 2001

The EUROCONTROL ATM 2000+ StrategyThe EUROCONTROL ATM 2000+ Strategy

SafetySafety

EconomicsEconomics

CapacityCapacity

EnvironmentEnvironment

National security and defence requirementsNational security and defence requirements

UniformityUniformity

QualityQuality

Human factors Human factors

EUROCONTROLEUROCONTROLEnvironmental Policy and Strategy Environmental Policy and Strategy

Working within international framework Working within international framework

Joint commitment of EUROCONTROL StatesJoint commitment of EUROCONTROL States

Environmental considerations integral to ATM Environmental considerations integral to ATM

decision makingdecision making

ObjectivesObjectives minimum impact at and around airportsminimum impact at and around airports

compliance with international standards and compliance with international standards and regulationsregulations

mitigate aviation noise and emissionsmitigate aviation noise and emissions

Reducing Emissions -Reducing Emissions -ATM has role to playATM has role to play

Additional potential fuel saving from CNS/ATM • 5% ICAO-CAEP WG/4, 2000• 6 - 12% IPCC, 1999• 7 % EUROCONTROL study, 1997

Potential savings from CNS/ATM

Estimate for ECAC area

EUROCONTROL Environmental Assessment EUROCONTROL Environmental Assessment ToolsTools

Advanced Emission Model (AEM)Advanced Emission Model (AEM)

European Harmonised Aircraft Noise European Harmonised Aircraft Noise

Contour Modelling Environment Contour Modelling Environment

(ENHANCE)(ENHANCE)

Simulation toolsSimulation tools

Air traffic movement databaseAir traffic movement database 38 ECAC States38 ECAC States updated dailyupdated daily

Aircraft Performance ModelsAircraft Performance Models

ATM - Delivering Environmental BenefitsATM - Delivering Environmental Benefits

Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM)Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM)

European Route Network DevelopmentsEuropean Route Network Developments

Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA) Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA)

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM)Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM)

Area Navigation (RNAV)Area Navigation (RNAV)

Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA)Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA)

Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM)Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM)

Balance demand with capacity Balance demand with capacity

Protect ATC systems from overloadProtect ATC systems from overload

Re-routingsRe-routings avoid congested areasavoid congested areas

Aircraft held at airports Aircraft held at airports engines shut downengines shut down avoid en-route and avoid en-route and

approach holdingapproach holding

avoid taxi queuingavoid taxi queuing

ATS Route Network DevelopmentsATS Route Network Developments

SPR

PAS

FRI

KINES SRN

GEN

TOP

WILMOU

LSA

TDP

LARVI

ZUE

TRA

TGO

KRH

DIJ

RLP

EPL

HR

CTL

TGO

KPT

ZUE

KRH

RUWERDIK

CTL

BRY

RLP

DIJ

MOUATN

LSA

HOC

TOVEL

LARVITOP

NIZ

DGN

MTG

SRN

SAPRIPAMOU

LUL

WIL

KINES

TRA

ATS Route Network Developments ATS Route Network Developments

European ATS Route Network developmentsEuropean ATS Route Network developments shorten average route lengthsshorten average route lengths

increase capacityincrease capacity

Example - Sweden Example - Sweden new route network 1998new route network 1998

net flight distance annual reduction of 3,2 million NMnet flight distance annual reduction of 3,2 million NM

annual flight time saving of 565,000 hours annual flight time saving of 565,000 hours

Airspace available to all user groups

Security and Military needs satisfied

Shorter routings

More optimum flight profiles

Less fuel burn

Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA)Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA)

Pre RVSM RVSM

FL 430

FL 410

FL 390

FL 370

FL 350

FL 330

FL 310

FL 300

FL 290

FL 280

FL 430

FL 410

FL 400

FL 390

FL 380

FL 370

FL 360

FL 350

FL 340

FL 330

FL 320

FL 310

FL 300

FL 290

FL 2801000 ft

2000 ft

1000 ft

1000 ft

2000 ft

24 Jan 02

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) on 24 January 2002(RVSM) on 24 January 2002

6 additional flight levels6 additional flight levels

Increase in airspace capacityIncrease in airspace capacity

More optimum flight profilesMore optimum flight profiles reduction in fuel carriage and fuel burnreduction in fuel carriage and fuel burn

Principal benefits Principal benefits reduced delaysreduced delays

200,000 tonnes fuel saved annually200,000 tonnes fuel saved annually

Area Navigation (RNAV) ProceduresArea Navigation (RNAV) Procedures

Improved flight managementImproved flight management more consistent track-keepingmore consistent track-keeping

– concentration of tracksconcentration of tracks shorter direct routesshorter direct routes

– increased fuel efficiencyincreased fuel efficiency highly flexiblehighly flexible

– avoid noise sensitive areasavoid noise sensitive areas

Key to continuous descent approachesKey to continuous descent approaches consistentconsistent repeatablerepeatable

RNAV RNAV proceduresprocedures

Use ofUse ofConventional Conventional STARsSTARs

RNAVRNAV

ConventionalConventional

Source: Courtesy DFSSource: Courtesy DFS

RNAV trial Nice AirportRNAV trial Nice Airport

RNAV - avoiding noise RNAV - avoiding noise sensitive areassensitive areas

Trial RNAV procedureTrial RNAV procedure

Co-operation between Co-operation between DGAC FranceDGAC France EUROCONTROL EUROCONTROL European Space AgencyEuropean Space Agency

GNSS technologyGNSS technology

Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA) Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA)

Concept descriptionConcept description lower power settingslower power settings from higher altitudefrom higher altitude no level-off segmentno level-off segment

CDA

Conventional approach

-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Track distance [km]

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Altitude [ft]

Study performed by NLR (Sourdine project)

Altitude profile

Thrust profile

Corrected net Thrust

[lbs,all engines]

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

B747 ApproachB747 ApproachRadar Vector to ILSRadar Vector to ILS

B747 ApproachB747 ApproachCDAs with RNAV proceduresCDAs with RNAV procedures

-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Track distance [km]

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Altitude [ft]

Study performed by NLR (Sourdine project)

Altitude profile

Thrust profile

Corrected net Thrust

[lbs,all engines]

-2000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

~ 30% fuel saving Reduced noise impact

-10

-5

0

5

10

Y (k

m)

X (km)454035302520151050

Noise Reduction Benefits using RNAV CDAsNoise Reduction Benefits using RNAV CDAs

65.0 dB(A): Decrease of 25 km²

75.0 dB(A): Decrease of 0.3 km² 55.0 dB(A): Decrease of 24 km²

SummarySummary

Environmental Policy and Strategy in placeEnvironmental Policy and Strategy in place

Working to establish ATM environmental Working to establish ATM environmental objectives objectives

Integrating environmental considerations Integrating environmental considerations into ATM implementation programmes and into ATM implementation programmes and operationsoperations

Delivering operational ATM environmental Delivering operational ATM environmental benefitsbenefits

ATM contributing to sustainable aviation ATM contributing to sustainable aviation growthgrowth