EU-MIDIS II

The Second European Union

Minorities and Discrimination

Survey

Vida Beresneviciute

Statistics & Surveys

Freedoms & Justice department, FRA

3rd Policy Forum Strength through Diversity (OECD) and

Global Education Monitoring Report (UNESCO)

12-13 February 2018, Paris

2

EU-MIDIS II:

Why is this survey needed?

A. Collect EU-wide comparable data on immigrants and

ethnic minorities for effectively assessing the impact of

policy measures:

– Non-discrimination and equality & other aspects of immigrant

integration

– Roma inclusion

– Europe 2020

– UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

B. Assess developments and progress made over time

C. Refine survey methodologies for hard-to-reach

populations

D. Compare with the general population in EU-28

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3

EU-MIDIS II:

Target groups

7 different survey population “target groups”, 1–3 per MS

Immigrants and descendants (1st or 2nd generation: based on country of birth and country of birth of parents)

Turkey (6 EU MS: AT, BE, DE, DK, NL, SE)

North Africa (5 EU MS: BE, ES, FR, IT, NL)

Sub-Sahara (12 EU MS: AT, DE, DK, FI, FR, IE, IT, LU, MT, PT, SE, UK)

Asia / South Asia (4 EU MS: CY, EL, IT, UK)

Recent immigrants: born outside EU-28 & immigrated within the last 10

years (2 EU MS: PL, SI)

Roma: self-identification (9 EU MS: BG, CZ, EL, ES, HR, HU, PT, RO, SK)

Russian minority: self-identification (3 EU MS: EE, LV, LT)

4

EU-MIDIS II:

Methodology

Survey conducted in all 28 EU MS

Face to face interviews with 25,515 respondents providing

information on 77,659 individuals in households in 2015-2016

Translation in all official EU languages + Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic,

Russian, Somali and Tamazight (Morocco)

Combination of sampling & weighting approaches allowed

representative samples of the selected target groups in each EU MS

See EU-MIDIS II Technical report – available online – detailed

description of the survey design and methodology

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EU-MIDIS II questionnaire

Rights

awareness,

perceptions &

attitudes

Societal participation

Residence & status,

citizenship, trust,

migration plans

Household Composition

Children

work,

education

Register

contact

sheet,

screening

Housing &

living

standard

Discrimination

Looking for work

Discrimination

Health

Discrimination

Other services:

education, leisure,

public transport,

bank,

administration

Discrimination

Awareness of

other people

who

experienced

discrimination

Discrimination

Education

(children)

Discrimination

At work

Discrimination

Housing

Corruption &

experiences

with the

police

(Hate)Crime

victimisation

Harassment &

violence

Socio-

economic

background

Interviewer

questionnaire

= sections include questions that follow a similar format and sequence

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EU-MIDIS II

Results

_____________________

Experiences of discrimination

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Discrimination:

What the survey asked Experiences of discrimination

– on different grounds o skin colour, ethnic origin or immigrant background, religion or religious beliefs,

sex, age, disability, sexual orientation, and ‘other’

– in different domainso when looking for work

o at work

o in education or when in contact with children’s school

o in access to health care

o in looking for housing

o when using public or private services (public transport, administrative offices,

night club, restaurant, hotel, shop)

– in past 12 months and in past 5 years

Main reasons for discrimination on ethnic or immigrant background– physical appearance, first or last name, accent (the way one speaks), the way of dressing

(wearing a headscarf/turban), address (reputation of the neighbourhood), citizenship, country of birth

• Reporting & awareness of rights

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Discrimination:

Key findings

38% felt discriminated against because of their ethnic or

immigrant background in the 5 years before the survey

24% felt discriminated against in the past 12 months

12-month discrimination rate varies between 6% and 50%

across target groups and MS North Africans 31%

Roma 26%

Sub-Sharan Africans 24%

Discrimination is a recurrent experience: on average, 5

incidents a year

Majority of incidents of discrimination are not reported to any

body or institution

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Grounds for discrimination

in four domains in past 5 years (in %)

5

0.2

1

2

7

12

12

25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Other

Sexual orientation

Disability

Gender

Age

Religion

Skin colour

Ethnic origin

10

38

12

23

22

29

22

24

3

6

7

9

12

16

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Total

Health

Education

Housing

At work

Looking for work

Other public/private services

Past 12 months Past 5 years

Discrimination in different areas of everyday life (%, EU-28)

11

(14)

11

19

5

9

19

28

39

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Other reason

My country of birth

My citizenship

The reputation of the neighbourhoodwhere I live (my address)

The way I am dressed(such as wearing a headscarf/turban)

My accent/the way I speak(the language of the survey country)

My first or last name

My skin colour/my physicalappearance

Main reasons for discrimination

in education (%)When in contact with school authorities as a parent or a guardian

12

7

8

8

8

9

10

11

13

22

40

8

10

7

5

9

8

12

12

18

45

6

6

8

11

8

11

10

13

25

35

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Using healthcare services

Night club/bar/restaurant

Public transport

Child's education

Housing

Trying to or entering a shop

Looking for work

Own education

Administrative offices/publicservice

At work

Women Men Average

Domains of daily life where last incident of discrimination based on ethnic or immigrant background was reported, by gender (%)

13

Discrimination, hate-motivated harassment or

victimisation affect social inclusion

Discrimination, hate-motivated harassment &

violence

Belonging

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EU-MIDIS II

Results____________________

Educational attainment

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40 45 48 76 75 78 35 63 (11) 30 64 58 95 6850 66 64 84 75 91 46 66 11 36 69 66 96 85

48

5659

80

75

83

42

65

11

33

67

62

95

77

80 80

73

81

75 75

58

72

4947

79 80

8583

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

AT DE DK FI FR IE IT LU MT PT SE UK PL SI

SSAFR RIMGRWomen Men Total General population (Eurostat 2016)

Respondents aged 16–64 years who have attained upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary or tertiary education (ISCED 2011 levels 3-8) in any

country, compared with the general population (%)

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50 52 40 60 57 80 61 42 81 32 73 54 22 6050 54 44 57 57 77 66 44 74 28 61 66 42 33 59

5053

42

5957

78

64

43

78

30

67

59

43

29

60

80

72

80

73 72

79

72

57

75

58

7276

70

58

80

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

AT BE DE DK NL SE BE ES FR IT NL CY EL IT UK

TUR NOAFR (S)ASIA

Women Men Total General population (Eurostat 2016)

Respondents aged 16–64 years who have attained upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary or tertiary education (ISCED 2011 levels 3-8) in any

country, compared with the general population (%)

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Paid work rate for respondents aged 20-64 years, by education level and target group (%)

46

62

4346

54

40

63

52

44

77

6064

80

61

76

67

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

SSAFR TUR NOAFR (S)ASIA RIMGR ROMA RUSMIN Total

ISCED levels 0-2 - less than primary, primary and lower secondary education

ISCED levels 3-8 - upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary and tertiary education

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EU-MIDIS II: Publications

Publications:

• Roma Selected Findings - December 2016

• Muslims Selected Findings - September 2017

• Main results - December 2017

• Technical Report – December 2017

• Online visualisation – December 2017

FRA data explorer

Upcoming

• Thematic reports

• Microdata available

fra.europa.eu

Thank you!

EUMIDIS2@fra.europa.eu