Ethics Today - Winter 2004unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/aspa/unpan019613.pdf ·...

Newsletter of the ASPA Section on EthicsVolume 7, Number 2 Winter 2004

Ethics Today

1

Natural disasters have a humbling effect. There is nobody to blame, nothing to correct, and the finitude of the human condition becomes abundantly clear. For those of us who spend considerable time thinking about what should be done, it is a relatively quiet time, as everything that can be done should be done. Obviously, those affected by the Tsunamis in Southeast Asia will continue to need assistance for some time. ASPA has shared useful information through the listserv and it is worth repeating here.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

From ASPA News Update, January 7, 2005

What You Can Do

We know that the outpouring of support has been tremendous, however if you would like more information about relief efforts, please visit the U.S. Agency for International Development’s (USAID) web site (http://www.usaid.gov/locations/asia_near_east/tsunami/ngolist.htm) if you have not done so already. You will find on that web site a list of charities providing assistance to people affected by the earthquake and tsunamis.

To learn how to volunteer or to provide other assistance, visit World Volunteer Web (http://www.worldvolunteerweb.org/dynamic/cfapps/news/tsunami_help.cfm) or the Tsunami Help Needed blog (http://tsunamihelpneeded.blogspot.com/)

Access the January 5 issue of FirstGov Buzz (http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/firstgovbuzz/buzz-0105.htm) to learn about the U.S. Federal Government’s role in the relief effort.

IN THIS ISSUE

Section/Member News 2Who Are We? 3The Ethics Map: An Interview 6PA Times Editorial Calender 16ET International 19Contact Information 23Last Words 24

A TIME FOR ACTION, A TIME FOR REFLECTION

http://www.usaid.gov/locations/asia_near_east/tsunami/ngolist.html

http://www.usaid.gov/locations/asia_near_east/tsunami/ngolist.html

http://www.worldvolunteerweb.org/dynamic/cfapps/news/tsunami_help.cfm

http://www.worldvolunteerweb.org/dynamic/cfapps/news/tsunami_help.cfm

http://tsunamihelpneeded.blogspot.com/

http://tsunamihelpneeded.blogspot.com/

http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/firstgovbuzz/buzz-0105.htm

http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/firstgovbuzz/buzz-0105.htm


Ethics Today

2

ETHICS SECTION

Ethics Today is the newsletter of the ASPA Section on Ethics. Following is a list of Executive Committee (ExComm) members and Officers for the Section.

OFFICERS

Chair Terry CooperChair-Elect Terrel RhodesCommunications Director Rod ErakovichHistorian Mylon WinnMembership Chair Carole L. JurkiewiczNewsletter Editor James HeichelbechSecretary Rick GreenTreasurer Steven BobesWebmaster Don Menzel

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Jennifer AlexanderEvan BermanJim Bowman (Past Chair)Russ CarlsenRaymond CoxMel DubnickJean-Claude Garcia-ZamorStuart Gilman (Past Chair)Carole L. Jurkiewicz (Past Chair)Cynthia LynchManfred MeineDon MenzelMeredith NewmanMontgomery Van WartVera Vogelsang-CoombsJonathan WestRuss Williams

SECTION AND MEMBER NEWS

Do you have news about publications or want to let the ASPA ethics community know about an event? Send comments to:James HeichelbechEditor Ethics Today [email protected]

The article entitled: “The City of Leipzig as a European Success Story in Economic Development” by Jean-Claude Garcia-Zamor will be published in volume 8, issue 2, of the refereed journal International Public Management Journal . Garcia-Zamor is presently writing a manuscript on the management of the city of Leipzig. Over the past two summers, he has interviewed more than 20 Leipzig city officials, including the Mayor and the only former Mayor the city has had since the reunification of Germany.

Garcia-Zamor has also been appointed a member of the Editorial Board of the Chinese Public Administration Review (CPAR -ISSN 1019-2433) for a three-year term, from October 1, 2004 to September 30, 2007. CPAR is published four times a year by the Public Administration Association of the Republic of China (Taiwan). The new CPAR Editorial Board has 20 editors from Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle-East and North America.

Garcia-Zamor has also been recently appointed a member of the Senior Editorial Board of Comparative Technology Transfer and Society, a refereed journal published by the Johns Hopkins University Press.

The ASPA Section on Ethics Newsletter, Ethics Today, has been selected as the recipient of the

2005 Section Newsletter Award. Congratulations

to the entire Section!

Rod Erakovich successfully defended his dissertation December

14th, titled “Relationship of Organizational

Culture and Ethical Climate in Public

Organizations.” Since the defense was done

late in the semester, his Ph.D. will be conferred during the June 2005

graduation ceremonies at the University of Texas at

Arlington.

Rod can be reached at [email protected]

if any faculty positions are open that might use

his experetise.

33


Ethics Today

Not Reporting13%

Female29%

Male58%

60-653%

Over 651%50-59

12%

Not Reporting49%40-49

23%

30-399% < 30

3%Other

3%

Not Reporting48%

Hispanic1%

Caucasian45%

Asian American1%

African American2%

Who Are We Now? A Comparison of 2001 and 2004 Member Data

Members’ Gender

Members’ Age Members’ Ethnicity

Members’ ProfessionMembers’ Education

Not Reporting48%

Doctorate26%

Graduate Degree21%

Undergraduate Degree

5%

Not Reporting47%

College/University Administration

3%

College/University Teaching

23%

Municipal Government

5%

Non-profit Organization

2%County

Government5%

Federal Government2%

State Government5%

Student5%

Other3%

In the Autumn 2001 issue of Ethics Today, Carole Jurkiewicz shared statistics from the our Member database. In this issue, I wanted to revisit the numbers to see how we have changed.

We have demographic data for about half of the 350 members. Th e charts on this page show percentages of members in categories for gender, age, ethnicity, education, and profession, along with percentages of members who have chosen not to report this infor-mation.

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Ethics Today

67 66

33 34

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001 2004

Male

Female

Members’ Gender

Members’ Age

Members’ Ethnicity

3% 5%

18% 18%

45% 45%

26%

5%

23%

5% 3%3%

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001 2004

Under 30 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-65 Over 65

3% 5%1% 1%1% 2%1%6% 6%

86%88%

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001 2004

African American Asian American Caucasian Hispanic Native American Other

A comparison of demo-graphics for those who re-ported them shows that the Ethics Section has changed very little

55


Ethics TodayMembers’ Profession

Academic

Practitioner

61%

50%

39%

50%

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001 2004

Practitioners Academics

41%

12%

59%

88%

0

20

40

60

80

100

2001 2004

University Administration University Teaching

6%4%

7%4%

25%

19%

32%

9%

20%23%

19%21%

0

20

40

2001 2004

Elected/Appointed Official First Line Management Middle Management Top Management Staff Other

While the demograhics of the Section have not changed much, our profes-sional profi le has. Of those reporting information, half are practitioners and half academics, a shift of 10% from practitioner to aca-demic from 2001.

Along with this increase in the proportion of academ-ics, a greater percentage of academics are in teach-ing positions (88%), rather than administration (12%) – a shift of 29% away from administration to teaching compared to 2001.

With proportionally fewer practitioners now than in 2002, we have experienced a shift from all other practitio-ner categories, especially Top and Middle management, toward Staff (now 20% of practitioner members).


Ethics Today

6

In her article, “The Ethics Map: A Map of the Range of Concerns Encompassed by ‘Ethics and the Public Service,” Paula Gordon provides a map that distinguishes good from bad among specific behaviors familiar to us all, identifying some as ethically praiseworthy and others as not so praiseworthy, as well as some totally antithetical to ethics and the public service. Rather than simply inserting her article into this issue of Ethics Today, we wanted to find out more about the article from the author’s perspective (the full article can be found at http://users.rcn.com/pgordon/homeland/ethicsmap.pdf or a link can be found at her website at http://gordonhomeland.com ). What follows is an informal Q&A session with Dr. Gordon about The Ethics Map.

Q: To begin, can you summarize The Ethics Map?

A: The Ethics Map is a typology or overview of the “universe” of three general categories of ethical behavior: “Value-Based Ethics,” “Value Neutral or Relative Ethics,” and “No Values”.

“Value-Based Ethics”: Behaviors that serve the public good and maximize the values of life, health, and freedom, values that can be seen as being reflected in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution and the nation’s founding documents. From my perspective, the roots of Values-Based Ethics can also be found in the democratic mainstream lineage of American public administration that includes Woodrow Wilson, Paul Appleby, and Dwight Waldo among many others.

“Value Neutral or Relative Ethics”: Behaviors that reflect value neutrality and an indifference to Value-Based Ethics,” and

“No Values”: Behaviors that are at odds with the public good, and/or are implicitly or explicitly illegal or immoral.

THE ETHICS MAP: AN INTERVIEW WITH PAULA GORDONBy Paula Gordon and James Heichelbech

One of the goals of the Ethics Section newsletter is to facilitate communication among members. As ethics becomes more integrated into the daily lives of academics and practitioners, it becomes even more important to share with one another what we know. This is particularly true when it comes to training and teaching. To that end, Ethics Today is a great venue for sharing articles describing experiences with ethics training in the public sector teaching public sector ethics. If you have found an effective approach to training or teaching and would like to tell us about it, please feel free to share with the Section by contacting the editor of Ethics Today ([email protected]).

“Continued on page 12.

TEACHING AND PRACTICE

http://users.rcn.com/pgordon/homeland/ethicsmap.pdf

http://gordonhomeland.com



Ethics Today

7

CALL FOR BOOK REVIEWS

PUBLIC INTEGRITY

Public Integrity is looking for book reviews. Read a good book lately? Something of interest to our readership? For example, a book about health care, politics, education, defense, corruption, environment, leadership, budgeting, or accountability? We are looking for anything that has a connection with values, ethics, or morals. Please submit your reviews! We are especially interested in books having a 2003 or 2004 copyright date. We publish both single book reviews, as well as essays of three or more books (some of which might have earlier copyright dates). Please share your reviews or proposals to do reviews! You can reach me at [email protected]. Please, share your insights with others by writing a book review for Public Integrity! Submission guidelines are below. We look forward to hearing from you!

PUBLIC INTEGRITY GUIDELINES

Single book reviews should be about 1,300 - 1,700 words. Book reviews should begin with one or two paragraphs summarizing the main points of the book. Then, the main body of the review should focus on matters of the book that deal with ethics, values, or morals. Reference to ethics, values, morals should be made explicit. The review should close with implications for public administration practice and, optionally, implications for scholarship. Please try to write the review with a practitioner audience in mind.

Public Integrity also publishes book review essays of 3-4 books with a common theme. Review essays typically are 2,500 - 3,500 words. After a brief introduction to the importance or new developments of the common subject matter, the review essay should be divided into sections with headings that discuss different issues relevant to ethics, values, or morals. For example, a book review essay on the theme of community-building might have these two sections: the meaning of community; and government and the public interest. Thus, book review essays do NOT sequentially discuss the different books. As with single reviews, the essay should close with implications for public administration practice and, optionally, implications for scholarship. The review should be accessible to a practitioner audience.

Please contact the book review editor if you have any questions:

Dr. Robert Smith, Director Master of Public Administration Program Department of Political Science Clemson University 230 E. Brackett Hall Clemson, SC 29634 E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: 864/656-3550 Fax: 864/656-0691


Ethics Today

8

ETHICS TODAY CONFERENCE ISSUE

REQUEST FOR INFORMATION

It is a tradition for the Spring Issue of Ethics Today to appear just in time for the national ASPA conference. The conference issue is important for two key reasons. Because the conference issue will be distributed just prior to the conference, it is an important vehicle for communicating information about ethics-related events at the conference. And because the conference issue will be available at the Ethics Section booth, it is an opportunity to share information about Section members with the broader ASPA community.

Are You Presenting at the Conference?

The ASPA staff do an excellent job every year providing information about conference events and sessions, including descriptions, times, locations and the like. However, it helps to know a little more about presenters and what they will be doing, such as background, context, and possible implications for the work. Such information is particularly useful for those new to ASPA, new to the annual conference, or just new to the Ethics Section. Again, because copies of the newsletter will be available at the Section booth, this is an opportunity to do a little advertising and help us all make sure we don’t miss sessions that are of particular relevance to our work or interests. If you are presenting, please send a paragraph or two to Ethics Today that gives us an idea of what you will be doing (Please send to [email protected]).

What Else Have You Been Up To?

News about members has been sparse lately, but it is unlikely that members have been inactive. It is more likely that members have been too busy to submit information to Ethics Today when the requests are made throughout the year. But readers really do want to know what you’ve been up to. Have you changed positions? Do you have achievements to tell us about? Have you been involved in new programs, attendended conferences, completed training? Have you finished a degree? Have you published a paper or a book? Please let us know so that we can congratulate you. And, again, copies of the newsletter will be available at the Section booth, which means that folks will have an opportunity to learn more about what Section members are doing. For those not attending the conference, this is particularly important, because we won’t have an opportunity to ask you what you’ve been up to. So, if you have done anything at all over the past year, please send a few words to Ethics Today. (Please send to [email protected]).

9


Ethics Today

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In addition to ASPA national and chapter membership, which includes 12 issues of PA Times, 6 issues of Public Administration Review, reduced conference rates, discounts on publication, and access to web site resources, Ethics Section members also receive a subscription to Public Integrity and have access to the Section listserv, ethtalk, where members engage in meaningful discussions and share critical information about ethical issues in the public sector.

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12


Ethics TodayWhile the map is primarily focused on those who serve in the public sector, it also has applicability to the behavior of those in the private sector. This is particularly the case among those in the private sector who strive to balance the goals of making a profit with the goal of contributing to the public good. Timberland, Whole Foods, and Tom’s of Maine, constitute some examples.

A major purpose of the map is to compare and contrast behaviors across these three very general categories and to awaken understanding and insight that might serve as an impetus for nurturing and strengthening value-based behavior among those who serve in government.

Q: That’s a good overview. The first question I have is philosophical. Many would limit descriptions of “behaviors” to objective, factual accounts of what a person does. You have a more robust way of looking at behavior, including motivations and consequences. What was the context in which you started to look at behavior this way?

A: I was in Washington at the time of Watergate and serving as a Council Member of the National Capital Area Council of ASPA. Soon after Watergate occurred, I also served as a member of the Ethics Committee of the National Council of ASPA. In these capacities, I was an early advocate of an ASPA mission statement that emphasized commitment to ethical behavior. I was also an advocate for in-service ethics training for those in the public service and for inclusion of ethics in the curricula of those who were preparing for professional careers in the public service. I advocated establishment of a government office that focused on ethics. The creation of the Office of Government Ethics in 1978 was a promising first step. Along with other ASPA members, I also advocated protective measures for whistleblowers and those who step forward to expose wrongdoing in government. This objective was realized at least in part by the establishment of the Merit Systems Protection Board in 1979.

Q: You tell us that in 1974 the U.S. Department of Justice incorporated the Map in training material for a series of workshops it held throughout the nation for local administrators. You also mention that the Map was used as the basis of a program you presented for the Training Bureau of the United States Civil Service Commission and a workshop that you conducted at the Federal Executive Institute. Can you tell us a little more about what the thinking was at that time concerning ethics in public service, ethics training in particular, and how that contributed to your development of the Ethics Map?

A: Influence came from a variety of quarters. I was strongly influenced by some giants in the field of public administration, practitioners as well as those who had crossed over into academia. Most notably, these included Don Stone, Roger Jones, and Dwight Waldo. I was extremely concerned that the education and training of those in or interested in entering the public service would include an emphasis on such fundamental pillars as character, integrity, and commitment to serving the public good. I was concerned that such education and training efforts might exclusively focus instead on obeying rules and regulations; avoiding conflicts of interest and the appearance of conflicts of interest; and learning about the penalties for failing to adhere to such rules, regulations, and guidelines.

THE ETHICS MAP CONTINUED FROM PAGE 6.

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Ethics TodayI was also influenced strongly by the experience I had working in Washington. I had collaborated on a White Paper on the drug abuse problem for the Domestic Affairs Council in the White House when I first came to Washington. That was soon followed by a full time consultancy at the National Institute of Mental Health helping to coordinate Federal interagency drug abuse prevention efforts. I worked for the Federal Energy Office/Federal Energy Administration in 1974 at the height of the energy crisis. As a result of these early years of experience in Washington, I got a fairly full baptism into the widely varying ways that people in government can behave and the role that motivation, values, and a sense of responsibility can play. Owing to these and other experiences, including the academic grounding that I had received from several “New PA/Minnowbrook” professors with whom I had studied while a graduate student at Berkeley, I had become quite aware of the role that unhealthy and dysfunctional organizational culture can play in the functioning and effectiveness of government. The Ethics Map, in part, was a way of putting together what I had learned at Berkeley and what I had experienced first hand during my early years in Washington. The Ethics Map also can be seen as a further extrapolation of my dissertation, Public Administration in the Public Interest, completed at American University in 1975 (posted now in its entirety at http://www.jhu.edu/pgordon/). Q: How have you used the Map since then?

A: I have used The Ethics Map in training programs, workshops, panels, and numerous university courses, as well as courses for interns in Washington. I decided to update it when an editor of an ethics journal approached me at an ASPA Conference a few years ago. He told me how much he had liked The Ethics Map that I had sent to him aound twenty years earlier and invited me to submit an article on ethics to his publication. (Nice to have positive feedback, even after twenty years!) I updated and refined The Ethics Map and provided a context that addressed organizational culture issues and sent it off to him. The article did not survive the second round of the peer review process. This was not a total surprise to me. Sad to say, I have found little acceptance of such normative and avowedly idealistic treatments of ethics, let alone normative approaches to public administration in general, in mainstream academia today.

In my dissertation, I had examined the widespread pervasiveness of value neutral scientism in most of the “schools” of thought in the field of public administration through the mid-’70s. The same trends can be found today. The “Value Neutral or Relative Ethics” category of The Ethics Map focuses on behaviors that reflect value neutral scientism. Decades ago, students of public administration will recall that there had been a cleavage in the field with Dwight Waldo arguing on behalf of the mainstream values-based lineage of public administration and Herbert Simon taking the side of value neutral scientism. It would be a healthy thing if this discussion were to be revived. Sadly, at a symposium held in 2003 in Washington, D.C. on Dwight Waldo’s work and legacy, none of the organizers or main presenters noted this essential part of Waldo’s thought or legacy. I am hopeful that this fundamental debate will once again be revived. An article that I wrote entitled “Public Administration in the Public Interest: Thoughts About Public Administration Post September 11, 2001” (http://gordonhomeland.com) also addressed the need for a revival of a focus on values in public administration and the possibility of such a revival in light of the impact of September 11 on the nation.

http://www.jhu.edu/pgordon/


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Ethics TodayQ: I’d like to ask you a few questions about specific elements within the map. You include a number of elements that deal with character, such as lack of humility (e.g. “self-aggrandizing behavior). How has the judgment of character been received?

A: This is a very interesting question. If you are talking about how The Ethics Map and the idealistic value-based approach to public administration that it reflects seem to be received in academia, I would say, there has been only occasional positive feedback. This has come primarily from individuals at universities asking to use the articles in classes and from individuals in and out of academia who have read the article. The greatest positive response that I have valued the most over the years came from Don Stone and Roger Jones. The Ethics Map only became widely available in 2004 when I posted it on my website.

Q: You also talk about specific behaviors that we are all aware of, such as broom-closeting, playing games, evading/thwarting procedure. Do these behaviors reflect character flaws in public service?

A: In my view, these specific negative behaviors reflect bad habit patterns and unhealthy psychological tendencies that thrive in unhealthy organizational cultures. Such habit patterns and psychological tendencies contribute to the unhealthiness of an organizational culture. They reflect a dwindling or an absence of psychological health, maturity, integrity, character, a sense of service and responsibility, and a commitment to serving the public good. All of these are attributes that I would hope would be found in everyone who serves in government. These are attributes and qualities that the best schools of public administration and public affairs used to teach as a matter of course through exposure to practitioner faculty, exemplary leaders, seasoned faculty, real world case studies, and substantive course content rooted in the main stream lineage of the field of public administration.

The negative behaviors can reflect an absence of “on the ground”, “front line” experience on the part of those involved in preparing or better equipping students or trainees for careers in public service. It is difficult at best for students or in-service trainees to learn about what it means to wield responsibility for the welfare or destinies of others, if not society as a whole, when they have little or no exposure to those who know first hand what it means to assume and wield responsibility and serve the public good.

Q: Still, many of our colleagues are reluctant to judge the character or motivations of others, and that probably includes a reluctance to criticize efforts toward training people for public service. Is that something that you think we need to become more comfortable with if we are to promote ethics in public service?

A: “Discernment” and “understanding” are words that I would use in lieu of “judgment”. I think that what the field should foster is integrity, character, a commitment to service, and a sense of responsibility. If these are not present, no amount of regulations, rules, and guidelines will restore or help sustain the highest ideals that can and should be the hallmark of government service.


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Ethics TodayQ: Discernment and understanding do sound more positive, but you also talk about the need to remove people from public service when it is clear that their commitments are contrary to the purpose of public service. This seems to be the logical next step after identifying problems with behavior. Is that something you really think we can do? If so, what would it take? Do we need to formalize characterizations of certain behaviors as grounds for termination? Wouldn’t this be a difficult task?

A: In my view, removing people should be a last resort. There are many other things that can be tried before having to resort to such a severe measure. Many people engage in such behavior simply out of habit or because it is the way they have learned to behave from poor role models they have known. In-service training at its best can provide a new basis for behavior and a new or renewed sense of purpose and mission. If the organizational culture that the individual is a part of is essentially an unhealthy one, then steps need to be taken to transform the culture along healthier lines. I address these concerns in my article on “Transforming and Leading Organizations” also at http://gordonhomeland.com. In that article I provide a perspective concerning how organizational culture can be transformed and what the transformation would look like. A portion of my dissertation also focuses on a theory of developmental change and change agentry based on Maslow’s notion of “metamotivation.” Metamotivation is an attribute of self-actualized individuals. Metamotivated individuals are mature and psychologically healthy individuals who are as concerned for the welfare of others as they are for their own welfare. In an ideal world, in a free and democratic society, metamotivation would be an essential characteristic of those who serve in government. I think such motivation was present at the nation’s founding and continues to this day, though too often in a decidedly muted form.

Q: So far my questions have been focused on individual behaviors, but as you have indicated there are also a number of organizational behaviors in your Map, such as “disincentives for truthful and open communication.” Is this an aspect that you consider vital to promoting ethical organizations, that we judge the character of the organization itself? Is this something that needs to happen before we begin to identify problematic behaviors among individuals?

A. I think that cultivating, nurturing, and sustaining healthy organizational cultures need to go hand in hand with nurturing, supporting, and sustaining healthy and ethical behavior in those in the public service and those intent on careers in the public service. Recognizing and addressing challenges presented by unhealthy organizational cultures should be uppermost in the minds of leaders, administrators, managers, and decisionmakers as well as educators and trainers. Unfortunately, too few individuals in such roles in our most troubled departments and agencies appear to have the understanding, knowledge, or skills needed to assume effective roles in transforming unhealthy organizational cultures into healthy ones.


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Ethics TodayQ: No doubt criticizing those individuals would not be particularly helpful. But the map also identifies praiseworthy behaviors as well. Is there potential for using approaches to ethics that focus on behaviors to promote ethics in public service through praise, with a carrot instead of a stick, so to speak? Is this something we could formalize within training and recruiting efforts?

A: Ideally individuals who choose to serve in government will naturally act in value-based ways if they have the strength of character and courage to do so. It is possible to help encourage and sustain such behavior through example, education and training, and a supportive and healthy organizational culture. Those who possess the ideal attributes need neither carrots nor sticks to motivate or influence their behavior. The likes of Don Stone and Roger Jones acted out of a basic core integrity. The behavior of such metamotivated individuals could never be manipulated in such a way. The challenge in recruiting individuals into government service in an ideal world would be to select them on the basis of their evident qualifications for service including integrity, maturity, a sense of responsibility, and a commitment to service. I know of no way of doing this except by having people involved in making the recruitment and hiring decisions who will act on the basis of their own well developed discernment, experience, intuition, understanding, knowledge, and commitment to serving the public good.

Thank you for the insights, Dr. Gordon. It’s great to have a resource like The Ethics Map available to us and your comments on the background, motivations and application of the Map help us understand the subtleties of managing value in public service.

Thank you and thanks so much for the opportunity to share my views about The Ethics Map and ethics in the public service.

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Ethics Today

The PA Times provides an excellent opportunity for Ethics Section members to publish ethics-related articles. Consider a topic and let us know that you would like to provide an article for PA Times. It is another way to illustrate the active membership of the Ethics Section, its dedication to ethics in public service and the expression of our Section and individual commitments. If you have an article that would like to submit, pleaser let us know ([email protected]).

THE PA TIMES EDITORIAL CALENDAR

February International Supplement: The Impact of Culture Wars on Public Civility

International Public Administration: A Guide Through the IssuesDeadline: January 17, 2005

MarchState and Local Roles in Homeland Security

Deadline: February 16, 2005

April Case Studies in Emergency Management

Conference IssueDeadline: March 15, 2005

MayWorkplace Harassment and Hostile Work Environments: Issues and Solutions

Deadline: April 15, 2005

JuneDiversity Recruitment and Retention in Government

Deadline: May 16, 2005

July Deadline: June14, 2005Ethical Administration

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Ethics TodayEthics Visibility Action Team

ASPA President Cheryle Broom has established the “Ethics Visibility Action Team” to put forward recommendations to raise the visibility of ethics among ASPA members and to facilitate understanding and use of the Society’s code of ethics. Ideas may include but are not limited to use of ASPA’s web site, assistance to chapters and coordination with section journals and conference programs. Members of the AT include Don Menzel, Chair, Sam Halter, Eric Johnson, Caroline Westerhof, Ethel Williams, Tom Lynch, Larry Cobb, Vaughn Blankenship, Mylon Winn, and Jim Slack.

The AT has been exchanging ideas via email and a conference call in November. The following recommendations are under consideration – ideas and suggestions from Ethics Section members are welcomed!

1. Add a regular “Ethics Feature” to the PA Times. This would feature responses to ethics questions raised by ASPA members. discussion of real life ethical issues experienced by practitioners and academics, and suggested guidelines for applying ASPA’s Code of Ethics to work situations. It would be similar to the regular “Ethics” feature in the monthly ICMA Public Management publication.

2. Devote an issue of PAR to the Code of Ethics and ethics issues.Implementation of this suggestion would require the cooperation of the PAR editor and the submittal of appropriate material by practitioners and academics. It would reach all ASPA members, and could encourage a review of the Code of Ethics and other longer term measures to promote ethical behavior by members.

3. Prepare a packaged Ethics training program for use by Chapters, public agencies, and students.The training program would include a facilitator’s or leader’s guide, and a handbook for participants. The handbook would include case studies and other text related to the Code of Ethics. These materials would be the basis for group discussions and evaluation.

4. Dedicate a web site to ASPA ethics/integrity.

5. Develop standards that administrators can use to apply ASPA’s code of ethics, to create a continuing education curriculum, and that academic programs can use in public administration course materials.Implementing this recommendation involves identifying the values included in the code and using them to develop a general statement that can be used to created training and curriculum material. This supports short term action team’s third recommendation.

7. Place the Code of Ethics in all books and journals published by ASPA.This recommendation creates more than one ASPA sponsored printed source of publicizing the code. The primary audience are students and faculty members in all academic courses that use ASPA publications.

8. Establish a standing ethics committee. A standing ethics committee will: (1) Work with ASPA to review and monitor ethical issues and problems. (2) Work with government officials to determine if and how their codes of ethics can operate in conjunction with ASPA’s code of ethics.

9. Promote the use of the code’s values as an academic program evaluation standard. Implementing this recommendation involves working with NASPAA/COPRA to incorporate the code s ethical values into standards used to review academic programs for accreditation or re-accreditation.

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ethics today/international edited by frances burke/integrity international/boston

This winter edition of ET/International is dedicated to the memory of the Southeast Asian Tsunami victims; those who died and those families deeply grieving for those swept away. Many International Ethicists have worked in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia, Thailand and The Maldives and are currently assisting in the relief efforts – either with money or in-kind donations or with warmly embraced continuous letters, emails and words of encouragement on telephones. We have the greatest appreciation for all of you who are so very, very thoughtful to grieve, contribute and to give warmly.

NEWS & VIEWS – The World Bank (WB)

THE WORLD BANK (WB) Combating corruption has required a comprehensive approach that tackles its many cause/structural issues that allows it to thrive. Since 1997, The WB’s anti-corruption operations in nearly 100 countries foster “The Case for Prevention” which focuses on reducing opportunities for corrup-tion. These include:

Reducing Likely Benefits from Corruption: Promoting private sector competition through lower barriers to entry, regulatory reform where there are natural monopolies and ensuring competition in government procurement through national advertising ;Import Liberalization, removing price controls, industrial and trade licensing requirement can combat corruption. When India liberalized industrial licenses in early 1990’s, a large industry aimed at obtaining licenses and the corruption associated with it disappeared;Increasing Information, Transparency and Public Oversight: Corruption often occurs because of a lack of information. Governments may lack information on what their agents are doing, consumers or govern-ment services may not be aware of the rules. Clarifying rules and increasing transparency can cut corrup-tion. Involving the beneficiaries in oversight of government programs also is helpful.Fighting Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism: A Joint Effort by WB & Inter-national Monetary Fund has 40 projects benefiting 115 countries on its books. Projects provide Training Programs, help with drafting legislation, establishing Financial Intelligence Units, etc.;Legal & Judicial Reform: WB has drawn up a policy note as a guide for governments on Best Practices in anti-corruption statute writing. A web-site is maintained on Model Anti-Corruption Laws. The Bank is providing judicial system assistance in over 40 client countries to help enforce laws against bribery, nepo-tism, and other corrupt acts. Assistance is given to implement freedom of Information laws, regulations on disclosure of assets and income, and other transparency laws.

Anti-corruption practices are vital to continuing the ‘war’ on poverty and encouraging ethical action in many emerging nations. Deep problems of lack of accountability, high absenteeism, failed services, etc. can abort efforts to bring world peace and prosperity.

If this World Bank Information is helpful to your teaching and research, please contact the ET/International Editor, Frances Burke, [email protected] for further materials.

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CONFERENCES, CONGRESSES, WORKSHOPS, SYMPOSIUMS Providing Academics and Practitioners with Opportunities to

Explore and Expand PUBLIC SECTOR International Ethics into Global Arenas Please advise [email protected] if you intend to attend any noted below.

MUNICH, GERMANY European Academy of Management (EURAM, 2005)

“Responsible Management in an Uncertain World” May 4-7, 2005

Technische Universitaet Muenchen, TUM Business School

The EURAM tradition fosters stimulating conversations on contemporary issues. It offers management researchers and reflec-tive practitioners an opportunity to interact on 38 Tracks this year. “We would be delighted to have you join EURAM members presenting challenges and seeking sustainable solutions.” Paper Submission Deadline: February 15, 2005. Tracks most focused

on Ethics and issues raised by this subfield are:

2. Responsible Management as Identity in Practice3. (IR-) Responsible Leadership 4) Responsibility in Public Management6. Ethics & Organizational Processes/Practices15. Management of Projects: Reconciling Uncertainty and Responsibility19. Corporate Governance33. Corporate Social Responsibility36b. International Management

Submissions: http://euram2005.de; organizing committee: [email protected]

Conference Co-Chairs: Anne Sigismund Huff/Ralf Reichwald, TUM Business School

LEUVEN, BELGIUM Ethics Group/EGPA & Section on Ethics/ASPA & PM Institute Katholieke Univ.“Ethics and Integrity of Governance: A Transatlantic Dialogue” 2 – 5 June, 2005

This International Conference is a major joining together of the US and Europe to explore Ethics. The similarities and differences will be given special attention. At the core of the conferences will be five (5) workshops, jointly chaired by American and European scholars; active participation by all participants is strongly urged:

1) Concepts and Theories: chairs: Richard Chapman and Mel Dubnick; 2. The Ethical Administrator: Comparative and Con-temporary Perspectives; 3. Integrity and Ethics Management: Alan Doig, Alan Lawton, Kathryn Denhardt; 4. New Developments & the Ethics of Governance, Geers Bouckaert, Montgomery Van Wart. 5. The Dark Side of Ethics, Leo Huberts, Frank Anechi-arico.

A full Call for Papers, a provisional conference programme and all practical information are available: http://www.publicman-agement.be/ethics Proposals should be submitted by February 15, 2005, information, contact [email protected].

ac.be

COMO, ITALY IReF, Regional Training Institute in Public Administration-ItalyInternational Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration July, 2005

For more information, please contact Juan Cabrera-Clerget [email protected] information will be available on http://www.iiasiisa.be/schools/aeacc.htm

http://www.publicmanagement.be/ethics


http://www.iiasiisa.be/schools/aeacc.htm

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CONFERENCES, CONGRESSES, WORKSHOPS, SYMPOSIUMS Continued

HOCHIMINH CITY, VIETNAM Swiss AIT University of Economics“Management Education for the Knowledge Society” September 7-9, 2005

Co-sponsored: Hochiminh City University of Technology & Hanoi University

The rapidly changing nature of Vietnam in the global marketplace with the transition of the Vietnam economy has strongly reshaped and affected the nature of management education. At this Third Biennial International Conference on Management Education. the call for papers stresses 1) strategies to exploit opportunities and master challenges of the knowledge society, 2) In-ternational experiences: cooperation, ways & means to enhance quality of management education, training and development, 3) e-learning and e-commerce and applications, 4) executive training, development and consultant roles.Registration and submission of 300 word Abstract, January 31, 2005.

Submission to [email protected] and [email protected] or address:SAV-Conference, Center for Excellence in Management Development, Hochiminh City University of Eco-nomics, 196 Tran Quong Khai, District 1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam.

BERLIN, GERMANY INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES “PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION & PRIVATE ENTERPRISE: COOPERATION,

COMPETITION AND REGULATION” SEPTEMBER 19 – 23, 2005

To be held at the Maritim Pro-Arte Hotel Rapporteur General: Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira, Economic Profes-sor, Getulio Vargas Foundation, Brazil; the Theme will be articulated with four workshops:

1) Cooperation & Partnership of Public Administration and Private Enterprise: economic chances, constitutional and political objections?

2) Regulation: The concept and its enforcement, Experiences made by Regulatory Agencies in Different States. 3) Competition, Cooperation & Conflict in the Field of Public Services.4) Regulatory Powers of National Governments in a Globalized Economy.

Call for Papers on IIAS website, or contact Catherine Coninckx [email protected]

SHORT NOTES AND REMINDERS

The next annual European Group of Public Administration (EGPA) will be held in Bern, Switzerland, from August 31 – September 3, 2005 on the theme:“Reforming the Public Service: What about the citizens?”

Kent State University – the 35th anniversary of the KSU Shootings on May 4, 1970 will host The Inter-national Academy of Intercultural Research (IAIR) 4th Biennial International Conference on the general theme of: “Conflict, Negotiation and Mediation across Cultures.” Contact: Dr. Kenneth Cushner [email protected] – Conference Chair

Dr. Dan Landis [email protected] – President IAIR

** PLEASE INFORM [email protected] if you attend any noted.

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The conference takes place in the beautiful medieval city of Leuven, a traditional university city about 20 minutes from Brussels. Jointly organised by a European and American network on public sector ethics, the conference aims to strengthen co-operation among Euro-pean and US scholars on the topic. All relevant aspects of administrative ethics will be discussed and particular attention will be given to the similarities and differences, both in theory and practice, between Europe, the US and other parts of the world. This comparative angle is expressed in the two keynote speeches by John Rohr and Jeremy Pope, respectively.

At the core of the conference will be 5 workshops. These will be jointly chaired by American and European convenors and will consist of an internationally mixed audience of participants. The conference is open to all interested, but participants will be expected to subscribe to one workshop and to participate actively in the sessions of that workshop. Participants are also strongly encouraged to prepare a paper. At least one edited volume is expected from the papers presented at this conference.

The organizing committee of the conference invites papers on the topics of the 5 workshops:1. Concepts and theories (chairs: Richard Chapman and Mel Dubnick)2. The ethical administrator: comparative and contemporary perspectives (chairs: Mark Bovens and Terry Cooper)3. Integrity and ethics management (chairs: Alan Doig, Alan Lawton, and Kathryn Denhardt)4. New developments and the ethics of governance (chairs: Geert Bouckaert and Montgomery Van Wart)5. The dark side of ethics (chairs: Leo Huberts and Frank Anechiarico)

A full call for papers, a provisional conference programme and all practical information are available at the conference website: http://www.publicmanagement.be/ethics Paper proposals should be submitted before February 15th 2005.

Organizing committee: Nathalie Behnke, Terry Cooper, Mel Dubnick, Annie Hondeghem, Leo Huberts, Carole L. Jurkiewicz, Emile Kolthoff, Jeroen Maesschalck, Don Menzel, Terry Rhodes.

For more information, contact [email protected]

International conferenceEthics and integrity of governance:

a transatlantic dialogueLeuven (Belgium), 2-5 June 2005

Organised by:Study Group on Ethics and Integrity of Governance

of the European Group of Public Administration (EGPA)and

Section on Ethics of the American Society of Public Administration (ASPA)

Hosted by:Public Management Institute of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL)


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Ethics TodayCONTACT INFORMATION

Jennifer Alexander [email protected]

Danny Belfour [email protected]

Erik Bergrud ebergrud@swbell

Evan Berman [email protected]

Steven Bobes [email protected]

Jim Bowman [email protected]

Willa Bruce [email protected]

Fran Burke [email protected]

Russ Carlsen [email protected]

Raymond Cox [email protected]

Terry Cooper [email protected]

Mel Dubnick [email protected]

Rod Erakovich [email protected]

Ali Farazmand [email protected]

Jean-Claude Garcia-Zamor [email protected]

Stuart Gilman [email protected]

Eleanor Glor [email protected]

Rick Green [email protected]

James Heichelbech [email protected]

Carole L. Jurkiewicz [email protected]

Cynthia Lynch [email protected]

Don Menzel [email protected]

Manfred Meine [email protected]

Meredith Newman [email protected]

Kenneth Nichols [email protected]

Rosalind Osgood [email protected]

Terrel Rhodes [email protected]

Ann Marie Rizzo [email protected]

William Solomon [email protected]

Robert Smith [email protected]

Richard Stillman [email protected]

Montgomery Van Wart [email protected]

Vera Vogelsang-Coombs [email protected]

Jonathan West [email protected]

Richard White [email protected]

Russ Williams [email protected]

Mylon Winn [email protected]

Dennis Wittmer [email protected]

John Worthley [email protected]

As the Ethics Section has grown, the number of members who become actively involved has also grown. To make it easier to contact people, we will now provide a consolidated list of email addresses for ExComm members, ET Board members and everyone else who would like to be contacted. If you would like to have your email address added, removed or corrected, please contact James Heichel-bech ([email protected]).

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Ethics TodayLAST WORDS

ETHICS TODAY

Board of Editors

James R. Heichelbech, EditorFran Burke, International Editor

Danny BelfourErik BergrudWilla BruceHerbert FainAli FarazmandEleanor GlorRosalind OsgoodKenneth NicholsAnn Marie RizzoTerrel RhodesRobert SmithWilliam SolomonRichard StillmanRichard WhiteRuss WilliamsMylon WinnDennis WittmerJohn Worthley

A Request From the Editor

One of the most interesting traditions with Ethics Today is the Last Word section here at the end of the newsletter. A number of noteworthy comments have appeared on this page over the years and we would like to continue the tradition. Unfortunately, submissions have been thin of late and I would like to use the Last Word page in this issue to make formal request for submissions. The sorts of things we would like to hear are:

Comments about deep or philosophical aspects of ethics and public administration.

Reactions to situations, events, or actions. If you want to give kudos to someone or express concern about a situation, please share your thoughts.

Stories about ethics in practice, teaching, or any interesting conversation you might have had.

Comments about publications, including praise for a particular point or constructive criticism.

Anything else that you feel strongly about and want to express.

All of these are the sorts of things we have conversations about when we attend conferences, collaborate on projects or just in the course of the daily e-mails about other, more formal activities. Often, these off-hand comments provide clarity, direction, and a sense of connectedness. So, please share with us so that we might learn and grow.

Note as well that I have changed the title of the section to Last Words. While it’s nice to get a full page of commentary, most of us are busy and sometimes all we have is a couple sentences or maybe just a question. So don’t worry about producing a polished document. Just tell us what you’re thinking.

Please send your words to me, James Heichelbech, at [email protected]

Thanks!

Have an ethical issue you would like to raise to the general membership? Want to let the ASPA ethics community know about an event? Need ethics-related contributions for a journal or conference? Send your comments and requests to:

Ethics TodayJames Heichelbech, [email protected]

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