Lena-Sophie Müller | 10-29-2012 | Smart City Exhibition 2012 | Bologna, Italy

Open Government and Open Data Experiences by the Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems in Berlin

Wenn der Wind des Wandels weht, bauen die einen Schutzmauern, die anderen bauen Windmühlen.

- Chinesisches Sprichwort

Quelle: Flickr / leralle [1b]

Environment / Society

Environment/ Society

Demands

Support

Inpu

ts O

utputs

Decisions Actions

political-administrative

system

(black box)

Comprehensibility | Participation | Cooperation

Political-Administrative System

3 Pillars of Open Government

increase transparency

(accountability) 

improve open participation 

enable open collaboration (co-working) 

Providing public data for further use by all motivation •  transparency and accountability •  economic use core elements •  machine-readable •  freely licensed •  open standards •  free of charge •  easy / central access

Transparency: Open Data

Participation

Source: Flickr / Anna Lena Schiller

•  Participation of citizens in political decision making

•  eParticipation: •  Web 2.0 tools facilitate

collaboration and channel opinion formation

•  Examples: •  Bundestag: ePetitions •  Adhocracy and Liquid Feedback •  Open participatory budget

Collaboration

Source: flickr / michaelcardus

Public bodies, private sector and civil society work together to solve specific tasks and problems Examples •  App contests (Apps for Germany) •  Crowd-funding, public loans •  Placement of voluntary activity

Open Data in a smart city

a brief introduction

Open Data Open Government Data as resource for intelligent cities

GPS‐Naviga+on from Skobbler  

London Tube Status from M Barclay 

Source: Graudenz, D., Klessmann, J., Schulz S., et al., “Vom Open Government zur Digitalen Agora - Die Zukunft offener Interaktionen und sozialer Netzwerke im Zusammenspiel von Politik, Verwaltung, Bürgern und Wirtschaft” (ISPRAT, 2010).

11

Government Agencies

General Setup and Actors

Publ

ic E

vent

s Citizens / Public authorities / Companies

Infrastructure

Data and platform services

Applications and value-added services

Public applications

Users

Rep

orts

abo

ut p

otho

les

Publ

ic T

rans

it tim

e ta

bles

Park

ing

spac

e m

anag

emen

t

Pollu

tant

rep

orts

Trad

e st

ruct

ure

Öffentliche Daten 

Private Daten 

Kommerzielle Daten 

Sensorische Daten 

Commercial applications

Data-as-a- Service (DaaS) Commercial Data

Public Data

Sensor Data

Other Data

Open Government Data Platform

Open Data – how to get there?

Berlin Open Data Process

Specific features of the State of Berlin relevant to the local Open Data Process

▪  Largest city in Germany

▪  Vibrant community of developers

▪  Many public sector bodies from national, state and local level

▪  Community of civil society organisations concerned with transparency and participation in the public sector

▪  Dedicated individuals in local civil society and public sector

Stakeholders in the Open Data process in the State of Berlin

Public Sector organisations ▪  Berlin Senate for Economics, Technology

and Research ▪  Berlin Senate for the Interior ▪  Berlin - Brandenburg Statistical Office Research Organisations ▪  Fraunhofer FOKUS ▪  FU Berlin

Civil Society Organisations ▪  Government 2.0 Network Germany ▪  Open Data Network ▪  Open Knowledge Foundation, German

Chapter ▪  Wikimedia  Private Sector Companies ▪  Opiz Consulting ▪  Oracle Germany

Leading the effort Supporting the effort Observing the effort

Components of the Berlin Open Data Process

▪  Survey about users „data needs“

▪  Regular round table with stakeholders from

administration, civil society, science and industry

▪  Local Application Development Competition

▪  Berlin Open Data Day with local showcases

▪  Berlin Open Data Agenda

▪  Development of Open Data study and portal by FOKUS

Data user survey

▪  Online Survey conducted by the Berlin Senate for Economics, Technology and Research

▪  20 categories for Public Data ▪  About 1300 participants

Favorites

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Planning Admin. Pollution Controls Infrastructure Citizen

Topics

Votin

g % 3

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Berlin Open Data Roundtable

▪  Start of informal roundtable meetings in fall 2010

▪  Meetings every 4-8 weeks

▪  Open to everyone

▪  Joint preparation and realisation of

–  Berlin Open Data Agenda

–  Berlin Open Data Day

▪  Planned further activities

–  Contact point for questions concerning Open Data

–  Providing written expert statements concerning i.e. Open Data Strategy

–  Carrying out topic-specific workshops: OD & traffic, OD & environment

–  Supporting public authority workshops

Application Development Contest

▪  Berlin Apps contest ▪  Conducted by Berlin Senate for Economics,

Technology and Women ▪  72 Proposals ▪  Jury elected four main winners

–  bePart: City development information application –  Green thumb: Environmental application –  Multilingual learning and information assistant –  Wheelmap: Informing about the barrier free city

▪  Audience Award with 5.700 votes ▪  Ceremony on 24.02.2011

▪  Special Berlin Award within national German Apps4Deutschland competition in March 2012

Berlin Open Data Day (BODDY), May 2011 and June 2012

▪  Event targeted specifically toward Berlin civil servants

▪  Organized by stakeholders from the regulars table

▪  Took place in the Berlin Senate facilities

▪  Gained high level support by Senator Wolf (Senate for Economics) and IT-State Secretary Freise (Senate for the Interior)

▪  120 participants, many from the Berlin public administration

▪  Agenda: Introduction to OGD, exhibition of existing local OD activities

▪  Next BODDy: Mid 2013

Berlin Open Data Agenda

▪  Development of an informal agenda as guideline for future public sector actions

▪  Created by the involved stakeholders

▪  In part local adaptation of Open Data Principles by the Sunlight Foundation

▪  Document assists explaning OD, marketing and gaining more support

http://berlin.opendataday.de/agenda/

Berlin Open Data Study

▪  Runtime 10.2010 - 12.2011 (including pre-study) ▪  Objective: Analysis of existing conditions and

development of general concept and technical architecture/pilot

▪  Carried out by interdisciplinary research team ▪  Work packages

–  Analysis of current organisational and framework conditions

–  Architecture and pilot development –  Legal analysis –  Business model analysis –  Recommendations

▪  English summary: http://epsiplatform.eu/content/berlin-open-data-strategy-0

Berlin Open Data Portal Making Open Data Real

•  http://daten.berlin.de Launched Sept. 14, 2011

•  Initiated by Senate of Berlin: Department for Economy, Technology and Women

•  Planned by FOKUS

•  Realized by BerlinOnline and FOKUS

•  Data sets on statistics, environment, business, etc.

•  Using free licenses (CC-BY and ODC-BY)

•  English summary at: http://epsiplatform.eu/content/berlin-open-data-strategy-0

Open Data Apps Showcases (Sept. 2011) Berlin Ozon Sonar

ozon.sonar1.mobi/berlin/

Open Data Apps Showcases (July 2012) Berlin Swimming Places - Water Quality

www.datenjournalist.de/badestellen-in-berlin-mit-open-data-kartiert/

Political commitment

▪  National government programmes announce pursuing more transparency through Open Data

▪  Political programme of current Berlin state government: ▪  The coalition will continue and expand the Open Data Initiative of the

State of Berlin. Herefore the coalition will support the examination of opening up government data, while respecting data privacy (p. 94).

▪  Commitment to Open Data by top political figures in Berlin at Berlin Open Data Day, portal launch and presentation of Open Data study

Source: SPD Berlin, & CDU Berlin (Eds.). (2011). Koalitionsvereinbarung. Vorlage für die Beratung des Landesparteitages der SPD am 21. November 2011. Retrieved from http://www.tagesspiegel.de/downloads/5859422/1/Koalitionsvereinbarung%20zwischen%20SPD%20und%20CDU

FOKUS Technology Open Data Platform

•  Two parts: •  Portal in Drupal CMS (Frontend) •  Register in Comprehensive

Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN Backoffice)

•  Based on urban metadata scheme

•  Federation support •  Respects administrative

hierarchies •  Enables publication on German

or European level (already on offenedaten.de)

Current Development in Germany

A nationwide Open Government Platform

Open Government Data Germany National Study and Portal

•  Priority Project of IT-Planungsrat

•  Collaboration with Bund and Länder

•  Strategic, legal, organizational, technological aspects

•  Study published: July 2012

•  currently: Development of a prototype by Fraunhofer FOKUS by 2013

•  Available online: http://s.fhg.de/ogdd-shortversion

Open-government platform for Germany from the bird perspective

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Quelle: Klessmann et al. 2012, p. 80

Data provider

Data provider

Data provider

Data user

Ongoing: Open Government Platform Germany ▪  On state, country and

regional level ▪  Integrating domain-

specific data offers ▪  Prototype development

in 2012 ▪  Pilot for 2013

Select FOKUS Open Data Activities

▪  Open Cities Project (EU, CIP Programme) –  open innovation management in the public sector –  Open Data Platform together with Amsterdam,

Barcelona, Bologna, Helsinki, Paris, Rome

▪  EU ENGAGE - Infrastructure for Open, Linked Governmental Data Provision towards Research Communities and Citizens

▪  Further EU projects relevant to Open Data:

–  iCity –  Commons4Europe

http://www.engage- project.eu/

hEp://openci+es.net  

increase transparency

(accountability) 

improve open participation 

enable open collaboration (co-working) 

Open Government

participation / openness (opportunities / benefits) technical / organizational complexity (challenges / risks)

Layers of activies

Strategy and politics

Legal

Organization / processes

Technology

Change Management

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