ESB 001 Design Context and Process - Transport for NSW · PDF fileDESIGN CONTEXT AND PROCESS...

DESIGN CONTEXT AND PROCESS

ESB 001

Engineering Standard Stations and BuildingsStation Design Standard Requirements

Version 1.1

Issued May 2010

Owner: Gary Bayman, Chief Engineer Approved Gary Bayman Authorised Jim Modrouvanos by: Chief Engineer by: General Manager

Stations and Buildings Chief Engineers Division

Disclaimer This document was prepared for use on the RailCorp Network only. RailCorp makes no warranties, express or implied, that compliance with the contents of this document shall be sufficient to ensure safe systems or work or operation. It is the document user’s sole responsibility to ensure that thecopy of the document it is viewing is the current version of the document as in use by RailCorp. RailCorp accepts no liability whatsoever in relation to the use of this document by any party, and RailCorp excludes any liability which arises in any manner by the use of this document. Copyright The information in this document is protected by Copyright and no part of this document may be reproduced, altered, stored or transmitted by any person without the prior consent of RailCorp.

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UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED of 48

RailCorp Engineering Standard — Stations and Buildings — Station Design Standard Requirements Design Context and Process ESB 001

Document control

Version Date Summary of change 1.0 July 2008 1.1 May 2010 Application of TMA 400 format . This document is identical in content to previous document entitled

RailCorp Station Design Standards Requirements dated July 2008. It has just been reformatted and minor corrections made where previous numbering or cross referencing have been in error

Note to User The five volumes ESB 000, ESB 001, ESB 002, ESB 003, and ESB 004 make an integrated whole and must be read in conjunction with one

another

© RailCorp of 48 Issued May 2010 UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED Version 1.1


Contents

1 Design Context and Process .................................................................................................5

1.1 RailCorp overview......................................................................................................5

1.1.1 Executive, Board, Company Secretariat, Corporate Counsel....................5

1.1.2 Service Delivery Group ..............................................................................5

1.1.3 Asset Management Group .........................................................................6

1.1.4 Product Development.................................................................................7

1.1.5 Information Communication Technology (ICT) ..........................................7

1.1.6 Corporate Services.....................................................................................7

1.1.7 Safety & Environment.................................................................................8

1.1.8 Communications.........................................................................................8

1.1.9 Finance.......................................................................................................8

1.1.10 Human Resources......................................................................................8

1.2 Regulatory Context – Overview.................................................................................8

1.2.1 Transport Administration Act 1988.............................................................9

1.2.2 Rail Safety Act 2002.................................................................................10

1.2.2.1 RailCorp Accreditation ..............................................................10

1.2.2.2 Systems for Risk Management & Control.................................10

1.2.2.3 Competency & Capacity ...........................................................11

1.2.2.4 Building Designers’ Responsibilities .........................................11

1.2.3 Environmental Planning & Assessment Act 1979....................................12

1.2.3.1 Overall Coverage ......................................................................12

1.2.3.2 Environmental Assessment ......................................................13

1.2.3.3 Documenting Design.................................................................14

1.2.3.4 Constructing Design..................................................................15

1.2.4 Commonwealth Disability Discrimination Act 1992..................................16

1.2.5 Heritage Act 1977.....................................................................................16

1.2.6 Occupational Health & Safety Act 2000...................................................17

1.3 Station Design Process – Overview ........................................................................18

1.3.1 Detail – the Station Design Process.........................................................19

1.3.1.1 Project Mobilisation...................................................................20

1.3.1.2 Project Definition.......................................................................20

1.3.1.3 Project Definition.......................................................................21

1.3.1.4 Concept Design ........................................................................21

1.3.1.5 Design Development.................................................................23

1.3.1.6 Documentation..........................................................................25

1.3.2 Stakeholder Consultation Process and Review Stages...........................28

1.3.3 The Briefing Process................................................................................29

1.3.4 The Co-ordination Process ......................................................................29

1.3.5 The Quality Assurance Process...............................................................30

1.3.6 Engineering Authority ...............................................................................31

1.3.7 The Configuration Change Process .........................................................31

1.3.8 Project Management Process ..................................................................31

1.4 Overview - Station Types & Classification..............................................................32

1.4.1 Determinates of Station Types................................................................32




1.4.1.1 Track Configuration...................................................................32

1.4.1.2 Topography...............................................................................32

1.4.1.3 Strategic Location & Function...................................................32

1.4.1.4 Ticket Collection Arrangements................................................33

1.4.2 Stations and Station Facilities ..................................................................33

1.4.2.1 Station Entry .............................................................................34

1.4.2.2 Platforms...................................................................................34

1.4.2.3 Access to and from platforms. ..................................................34

1.4.2.4 Customer Facilities ...................................................................34

1.4.2.5 Business & Staff Facilities.........................................................35

1.4.2.6 Safety & Security Enhancing Facilities .....................................35

1.4.2.7 Interchange Facilities ................................................................35

1.4.2.8 Services ....................................................................................36

1.4.3 Identifying and Prioritising Station Enhancements...................................36

1.5 Station Context ........................................................................................................43

1.5.1 Objective ..................................................................................................43

1.5.2 Overview ..................................................................................................43

1.5.3 Detailed Requirements.............................................................................43

1.5.3.1 Link to Local Neighbourhoods and Open Spaces ....................44

1.5.3.2 Integrate with Adjacent Developments .....................................44

1.5.3.3 Memorable Public Spaces that Engender Community and Commuter Pride .............................................44

1.5.3.4 Spaces for Arrival, Orientation and Gathering..........................44

1.5.3.5 User Comfort and Enjoyment ...................................................45

1.5.3.6 Accessible and User Friendly Spaces ......................................45

1.5.3.7 Weather Protection ...................................................................46

1.5.3.8 Coordinated Urban Character...................................................46

1.5.3.9 Rail Corridor..............................................................................47

1.5.3.10 Code and Statutory Requirements ...........................................47

1 Design Context and Process


NOTE The below reflects a superseded structure. It should be indicative only.Pleas refer to RailCorp intranet /internet sites for updated information.

1.1 RailCorp overview The following is a broad overview of the RailCorp organisation. Specific emphasis is made of those parts of the RailCorp organisation which have a specific role or stakeholding in the station design process or product. It may not necessarily be comprehensive or current, but is elaborated in order to give an appreciation of the diversity of expertise, both technical and operational, in the organisation that must be co-ordinated for effective station design.

Not all those mentioned will necessarily be involved in all station projects. It is the responsibility of the RailCorp Project Manager to nominate and co-ordinate input from appropriate internal stakeholders.

Rail Corporation of NSW (RailCorp) is a statutory corporation subdivided as follows:

• Executive, Board, Company Secretary & Corporate Councel • Service Delivery Group • Asset Management Group • Product Development • Communications • Corporate Services • ICT • Safety & Environment Finance • Human Resources

Related Government Organisations who may input into Railway Station Infrastructure

• Ministry of Transport (MOT) • Transport Infrastructure Development Corporation (TIDC) • Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC)

RailCorp Corporate Structure is notionally as Follows:

1.1.1 Executive, Board, Company Secretariat, Corporate Counsel • Board Secretariat • Legal Services

– including Disabiltiy Services

1.1.2 Service Delivery Group • Train Operations

– Operations Co-ordination – Rail Management Centre – Train Planning – Strategic Projects



• Station Operations

– Station Management – Special Events/Major Possessions – Emergency Response Unit – Incide nt Co-ordination – Station Projects

• Train Crewing

– Cre w Sector Management – C rew Resources – Cre w Development – Crew Safety

• Standards & Passenger Information

– Ticketing & Ticketing Systems – Customer Information Systems – Performance Information & Analysis – Alternative Transport – Cus tomer Safety

• Security

– Standards – Operation s – Program s – Cont racts

1.1.3 Asset Management Group • Infrastructure Division

– Buildings & Sidings – Infras tructure Regions

• Engineering Standards & Services Division

– Bridges & Structures – Tra ck – Electri cal Services – Signals

o also Plan Room Services, GIS, Configuration Management, Design Delivery, Knowledge Management

– Enginee ring Services

o including Buildings, Communications, Survey, Geotech, Network Inspection & Electrolysis, Integrated Support, RailCAD, Rollingstock access integrity

• Communications & Control Systems Division

– Comm unications Projects – Comm unications Systems – Network Support – Network Field Operations – Signal Control Systems – Systems Software



– Telecommunications

• Asset Delivery Division

– Major Projects – Network Asset Integration – Portfolio Delivery

• Rollingstock Division

– Contracts & Logistics – Diesel Group Operations – Engineering & Planning – Maintenance Centres – Maintenance Operations – Strategic Projects

• Commercial Renewals Division • Strategic Asset Management Division

1.1.4 Product Development • Market Development & Research • Network Development • Operations Development • Timetable Development • Freight Development

1.1.5 Information Communication Technology (ICT) • Strategy & Architecure Division • ICT Project Management • Enterprise Resource Planning & Delivery • Portfolio Delivery Division

– CCTV & HP Systems – Passenger Information – Corporate Systems

• Operations Delivery Division

1.1.6 Corporate Services • Property Division

– Land Use & Land Information – 3rd Party interaction with RailCorp – Commercial Leasing

• Business Services

– Financial Services – Payroll Services – Contracts & Procurement – Road Fleet Management – Workers Compensation & Injury Management – Information & Records Managment



1.1.7 Safety & Environment • Emergency Preparedness • Safety Risk • Environment • Assurance & Investigation • Network Rules • Safety Strategy & Planning

1.1.8 Communications • Corporate Affairs • Marketing • Internal Communications • Ministerial Correspondence & Customer Relations • Web Channels

1.1.9 Finance • Corporate Finance Division • Enterprise Portfolio Management • Risk & Insurance • Strategic Procurement • Divisional Finance

1.1.10 Human Resources • HR Services Corp & Divisional • Corporate Industrial Relations • Health Services • Organisational Development • Training • Workforce Planning Policy & Delivery

1.2 Regulatory Context – Overview The purpose of this section is to give a general overview of the Legislative context in which station design for RailCorp takes place. It should be taken as a guide only and not necessarily as RailCorp’s legal interpretation of the Legislation in particular cases, nor should it be seen to be a full analysis or statement of requirements. Designers should ensure that they are familiar with the requirements of all relevant legislation and rely on their own independent advice.

The legislative context in which building design for railways in NSW takes place is unique. It extends beyond the context in which building design takes place in the broader community, due to the different physical environments in which rail operations and construction takes place and its associated dangers.

The following are the main (not necessarily comprehensive) legislative instruments, which affect design and construction of buildings for the railway:

• Transport Administration Act 1988 • State Owned Corporations Act 1989 • Rail Safety Act 2002

– Rail Safety Regulations



• Environmental Planning & Assessment Act 1979

– Environmental Planning & Assessment Regulation 2000 – Planning Instruments (SEPP’S, REP’S, LEP’S etc) – Building Code of Australia – Nominated Australian Standards

• Commonwealth Disability Discrimination Act 1992

– Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport – Nominated Australian Standards

• Heritage Act 1977

– Herita ge Regulations

• Occupational Health & Safety Act 2000

– Occupational Health & Safety Regulations – WorkCover Codes of Practice

NOTE Some of the legislation noted below have changed. Please refer to

following website for updates as applicable

NSW State legislation is available at www.legislation.nsw.gov.au

1.2.1 Transport Administration Act 1988 Rail Corporation of NSW (RailCorp) is constituted by the Transport Administration Act 1988 (as amended) as a State Owned Corporation under the State Owned Corporations Act 1989. Part 2 of the Transport Administration Act 1988 defines RailCorp’s:

• Objectives • Functions • Management.

RailCorp’s principal objectives under this legislation are to:

• “deliver safe and reliable railway passenger services…” • “ensure that…the…rail network …enables safe and reliable railway passenger and

freight services to be provided”

Both of the above “…in an efficient, effective and financially responsible manner”

Other parts of the Transport Administration Act 1988 also define related objectives and functions for:

• Independent Transport Safety and Reliability Regulator (ITSRR) • Transport Infrastructure Development Corporation (TIDC) • Director-General of the Ministry of Transport • Transport Advisory Group

One important principal function of ITSRR is to accredit operators of railways under the RailSafety Act 2002.



1.2.2 Rail Safety Act 2002

1.2.2.1 RailCorp Accreditation The Rail Safety Act requires ITSRR to accredit any operator of a railway. RailCorp is required by the Act to be an accredited operator of a railway.

An operator of a railway is defined by the Rail Safety Act as “…responsible (whether because of ownership, control, management or contractual obligations) for a railway operation in relation to the railway”

railway operation is defined, according to the Rail Safety Act means “any one or more of the following:

• the construction and maintenance or the construction or maintenance, of infrastructure of a railway

• the operation or movement, or causing the operation or movement by any means of any rolling stock on a railway, including operating a railway, including operating a railway service if the operator of the service operates or moves, or causes the operation or movement of, rolling stock

• the construction and maintainence or the construction or maintenance, of rolling stock.”

Infrastructure of a railway is defined in the Rail Safety Act as:

“…those facilities that are necessary to enable a railway to operate safely and includes, but is not limited to, railway track, associated track structures, tunnels, bridges, stations, platforms, signalling systems, train control systems, communications systems, overhead electrical power supply systems, buildings (including buildings used for administrative purposes), workshops and associated plant, machinery and equipment”

It should be noted that stations, platforms, buildings, workshops and bridges are included as infrastructure of a railway and part of railway operation. Also it should be noted that all activities of a railway are covered including construction, operation and maintenance.

Significant purposes of accreditation are to ensure that RailCorp has demonstrated:

• “…systems…for the identification, management and control of the risks of carrying out…railway operations” for which it is accredited

• “…competency and capacity to implement the systems submitted…relating to the safe carrying out of...railway operations” for which it is accredited.

1.2.2.2 Systems for Risk Management & Control The required systems…”must relate to..:

(a) the identification and analysis of risks associated with the design of the railway and the carrying out of the railway operations….

(b) the design and implementation of controls to manage those risks (c) the monitoring of controls for managing risk (d) the modification of the systems in response to the monitoring of controls for managing risk”

In order to achieve accreditation, and as required by the Act, RailCorp has developed among other things:

• a Safety Management System • Safety Interface Agreements • A passenger security policy and plan complying with the Regulations



• Demonstrated competency and capacity to safely carry out railway operations for which RailCorp is responsible

• Description and identification of all elements that comprise infrastructure of the railway

safeworking systems are defined in the Rail Safety Act as:

“…the systems and procedures for operating trains safely and for protecting railway employees, passengers, freight, rolling stock and motor vehicles on or in the proximity of railway tracks”

1.2.2.3 Competency & Capacity railway employee, in relation to the railway is defined by the Rail Safety Act as:

(a) an employee or contractor or an operator of the railway who performs railway safety work or

(b) a person who, without remuneration or reward, voluntarily and without obligation performs railway safety work for an operator of the railway, or

(c) an individual who is an operator of the railway who performs railway safety work”

railway safety work is defined in the Rail Safety Act as:

“any of the following classes of work carried out by a railway employee:

work involving the operation or movement of a train or trains

work on or about railway infrastructure relating to the repair, maintenance, cleaning or upgrading of railway tracks or any rolling stock or associated works or equipment,

work involving certification as to the safety of infrastructure or rolling stock (or any item of infrastructure or rolling stock),

work involving the development, management or monitoring of safeworking systems for railways,

any other work that is prescribed by the regulations as railway safety work

but does not included any work that involves the driving of a motor vehicle on a road or road related area within the meaning of the Road Transport (Safety and Traffic Management) Act 1999”

1.2.2.4 Building Designers’ Responsibilities Consequentially, all Building Designers who design buildings for construction in the operating rail environment; and for subsequent operation by RailCorp in that environment, have a duty of care over and above that explicit or implied by the OH&S legislation, to:

• all the people constructing it. • RailCorp and their employees and contractors who will operate in and around it • railway passengers and the general public who use it and are in proximity to it

In part, Building Designers (and all those with any input into or influence on the building design and procurement process) provide a large part of the competency required to assist RailCorp and other operators in their statutory duties and as such are railway employees undertaking railway safety work where they are designing buildings or parts of



buildings for construction in or adjacent to the operating rail environment or for operation by RailCorp in that environment.

Design is, in part, a risk management process which assists to assess and mitigate risks inherent in the station or building construction and subsequent operation & maintenance, which the design process must model. Moreover, the rail Building Designer has a specific responsibility to design buildings in the rail corridor to ensure they can be constructed and operated in accordance with the accredited system (required under the Rail Safety Act) by which accredited organisation undertakes construction procurement and subsequently RailCorp has the ongoing responsibility for ongoing operation and maintenance.

It is a basic design requirement that designers design products that are “fit for purpose”

In addition, the documentation of a design must ensure the Constructors awareness of his responsibilities as a railway employee and rail safety worker under the Rail Safety Act and the framework RailCorp has in place pursuant to the Act.

In addition Building Designers who undertake work (either design work or site investigative work) related to railway premises are required by the Act to:

• hold appropriate certificates of competency related to the work they are undertaking.

• comply with minimum health and fitness requirements, • comply with RailCorp’s alcohol and drugs policy and • comply with RailCorp’s fatigue management policy

1.2.3 Environmental Planning & Assessment Act 1979

1.2.3.1 Overall Coverage NSW Environmental Planning and Assessment legislation sets requirements related to the carrying out of development, which is defined as:

a) the use of land

b) the subdivision of land

c) the erection of a building, including rebuilding, alterations, enlargement or extension

d) the carrying out of a work

e) the demolition of a building or work

f) anything that is controlled by an environmental planning instrument (defined in section 26 of the EPAA) ie

g) protecting, improving or utilising, to the best advantage, the environment

h) controlling development

i) reserving land for public use

j) protecting or preserving trees or vegetation

k) protecting and conserving native animals and plants

l) controlling advertising



Statutory Authorities are “the Crown” under Environmental & Planning Legislation and are not exempt from complying with the law.

Requirements for specific projects are contained within the three main elements of the Environmental Planning Legislation

a) Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979

b) Environmental Planning and Assessment Regulation 2000

c) Environmental Planning Instruments which might include:

– State Environmental Planning Policies (SEPPs) – Local Environmental Plans (LEPs) – Regional Environmental Plans (REPs)

1.2.3.2 Environmental Assessment Since 1 January 2008 the Infrastructure SEPP (2007) gazetted on 21 December 2007 has been in force and has introduced a number of significant changes to the planning approval process for rail infrastructure works which includes all works at platforms and stations for railway purposes. The State Environmental Planning Policy (Infrastructure) 2007:

• creates a consistent planning approvals regime (different council planning instruments and the model provisions no longer apply to the rail corridor and rail infrastructure facilities, as defined in this SEPP. This SEPP also repeals a number of other existing SEPPs

• removes the need for Council development approvals for rail infrastructure works (but not related commercial or residential) works, ie rail infrastructure work is development without consent (refer to clause 79-81 of the SEPP). However, it does not obviate the need for environmental impact assessment to the level determined in Railcorp’s Environmental Impact Assesment Framework (EMSFO3). Consultation is specifically required by clauses 13-16 of the SEPP for development with:

– impacts on council related infrastructure or services – impacts on local heritage – impacts on flood liable land – impacts on bushfire prone land – effected public authorities other than councils – land subject to particular legislation (mentioned in clause 16)

• makes some minor types of development (related mainly to maintenance, safety and emergency work ), “exempt” development, not requiring environmental impact assessment under the EP&A Act (refer to clause 62 of the SEPP), providing it has minimal impact on the environment or surrounding amenity.

RailCorp’s Environmental Impact Assessment Framework is available on RailCorp’s Corporate Safety and Environment website at:

http://intranet.railcorp.nsw.gov.au/business%20groups/Safety%20&%20Environment/Envi ronment/4%20Environmental%20Management/3%20Environment%20Impact%20Assess ment/_EIA%20Framework/EIA%20Framework.pdf

1.2.3.2.1 Determination of Crown development applications

Where Crown Development Applications are required, Clause 116C of the EP&A Act says:


http://intranet.railcorp.nsw.gov.au/business%20groups/Safety%20&%20Environment/Envi


“A consent authority, in respect of a development application made by or on behalf of the Crown, must not

(a) refuse its consent to the application, except with the written approval of the Minister, or

(b) impose a co ndition of its consent, except with the written permission of the Minister or the applicant”

In practice councils will often forward draft approvals with conditions to initiate discussions regarding what conditions are acceptable to RailCorp. Draft conditions of this type must be critically assessed before they are accepted in writing.

1.2.3.3 Documenting Design

1.2.3.3.1 Building Code of Australia Compliance

Regardless of the development approval mechanism, Section 116G (2) of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 requires that:

“Crown building work cannot be commenced to be carried out unless the Crown building work is certified by or on behalf of the Crown to comply with the technical provisions of the State’s building laws…”. Clause 227 of the EP&A Regulations indicates that “For the purposes of Section 116G of the Act, all of the provisions of the Building Code of Australia are prescribed as the technical provisions of the Building Laws”

Consequently, RailCorp requires that a person who carries out certification of a design is an accredited certifier, appropriately registered under Part 4B the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act to provide such certification. A list of accredited certifiers is available at www.environment.nsw.gov.au

1.2.3.3.2 How to Apply the Building Code of Australia

The Building Code of Australia (BCA) is published by the Australian Building Codes Board on behalf of the States and the Commonwealth www.abcb.gov.au . Amendments to the BCA are published at approximately annual intervals and must be adopted by the States before they become operative. In recent years adoption by NSW has been in May each year.

There are three ways to comply with the Building Code of Australia:

1. comply with the “Deemed to Satisfy” provisions of the BCA, which are generally prescriptive and often refer to specific Australian Standards

2. provide an “Alternative Solution” which must be assessed, in accordance with BCAclause A0.9, to comply with the Performance Requirements of the BCA. Such an assessment would normally require the involvement of a specialist Fire Engineer or the like to document the solution and provide appropriate evidence. Such a solution would then need to be certified by a registered certifier (see above)

3. a combination of the above.

For RailCorp, the latter two options provide the most appropriate way to comply with the BCA where “deemed to satisfy” requirements can’t be met for reasons such as:

• specific railway characteristics eg operational or functional arrangements, lengths of platforms etc

• specific site characteristics eg restrictions on the site imposed by surrounding development, width of the Rail corridor, existing buildings etc

• a conflict with other legislated requirements



• any interpretation of the BCA doesn’t adequately address the risks in a given circumstance, either a BCA objective and or a RailCorp objective developed in response to the Rail Safety Act

RailCorp requires the interpretation of both “Deemed to Satisfy” and “Performance” requirements of the BCA to be based on the risk inherent at the location. For example it would be inappropriate to classify a platform with a restricted point of egress, as “Class 10” or “open space”, thereby not requiring consideration of safe emergency egress times, widths or distances, where an emergency at or adjacent to the platform could be contemplated (as it must be at all stations). It will therefore be necessary for the designer to formally assess the specific risks where an interpretation of the BCA needs to be supported.

It should be noted that a higher standard than required by the BCA “Deemed to Satisfy” provisions may be required for other functional reasons or to satisfy other legislation given that the BCA only addresses a limited number of objectives and RailCorp’s statutory objectives may be broader. By the same token, it shouldn’t necessarily be expected that some of RailCorps statutory objectives won’t be taken care of by BCA requirements. A properly reasoned rationale is required for all building design solutions, cognisant of RailCorp operations, to the satisfaction of RailCorp. Generally a miniumualist solution under the BCA will not satisfy these requirements

1.2.3.4 Constructing Design

1.2.3.4.1 Ensuring Construction Complies With The Certified Documents

RailCorp as the Crown are specifically exempt from requiring an Occupation Certificate for: ”the occupation and use of a new building that has been erected by or on behalf of the Crown…” according to Clause 109M(2)(d). Note that “new building includes an altered portion of or an extension to, an existing building” as defined in Clause 109C.

RailCorp therefore requires that, to ensure new and altered buildings are compliant when construction is completed:

• all variations must be assessed and certified compliant by an Accredited Certifier in terms of ensuring the overall design remains compliant, prior to the ordering of a variation and

• when construction is completed it must be certified by the design’s documenter that it complies with the certified documentation and variations. This means that the services of the documenters of the design must be retained, to periodically inspect the works as it progresses at appropriate points, to enable certification of compliance on completion of the project. RailCorp requires that critical inspections be carried out, and the results documented, at least at the points noted in clause 162A of the EP&A Regulations for a class 9 building or as directed in the User Requirements Brief

A Final Fire Safety Certificate , (as defined in section 170 of the EP&A Regulations) with an accompanying Fire Safety Schedule (per section 181of the EP&A Regulations) is required on completion of the work, to address all essential fire safety measures as defined in section 165 and listed in section 166 of the EP&A Regulations. This certification with accompanying documentation must be prepared by the fire engineer who has prepared the project’s Fire Engineering Brief.



1.2.4 Commonwealth Disability Discrimination Act 1992 The objects of the Commonwealth Disability Discrimination Act 1992 are stated as:

a) “to eliminate, as far as possible, discrimination against persons on the ground of disability in the areas of….work….access to premises….the provision of goods, facilities, services and land…and existing laws…”

b) “to ensure, as far as practicable, that persons with disabilities have the same rights to equality before the law as the rest of the community”

c) “to promote recognition and acceptance within the community of the principle that persons with disabilities have fundamental rights as the rest of the community”

Disability is defined in very broad terms as any of the following:

a) “total or partial loss of the person’s bodily or mental functions”

b) “total or partial loss of a part of the body”

c) “the presence in the body of organisms causing disease or illness”

d) “the presence in the body of organisms capable of causing disease or illness”

e) “the malfunction, malformation or disfigurement of a part of the person’s body”

f) “a disorder or malfunction that results in the person learning differently from a person without the disorder or malfunction”

g) “a disorder, illness or disease that affects a person’s thought processes, perception of reality, emotions or judgement or that results in disturbed behaviour”

And also includes a disability that:

a) “presently exists”

b) “previously existed but no longer exists”

c) “may exist in the future”

d) “is imputed to a person”

Pursuant to the above, the Commonwealth Government Issued the Disability Standards for Accessible Public Transport (DSAPT) became law in 2002. These standards require the upgrade of all railway facilites in a 20 year time frame in specific 5 year increments. These standards impinge on most station projects and the consequential extent of work must be considered in project scope. Requirements are much more specific and considerably more onerous than those contained in the Building Code of Australia.

1.2.5 Heritage Act 1977 The Heritage Act, 1977 requires that any work or development on or adjacent to items listed in the State Heritage Register as a State Heritage Item be approved by the NSW Heritage Council. Applications must be made under section 60 of the Heritage Act for approval prior to and as an integral part of the Environmental Assessment process.

RailCorp as a Government Instrumentality is required under section 170 of the Heritage Act to establish and keep its own Heritage and Conservation Register, which it must keep updated and furnish to the NSW Heritage Council.



The act also requires the maintenance and upkeep of heritage items in accordance with Division 5 of the Act.

Because a large proportion of RailCorp’s stations are classified as either a local heritage item, included in RailCorp’s s170 Heritage and Conservation Register or are State Heritage Items, care and attention must be paid to their conservation, maintenance, restoration or enhancement as part of a project and appropriate approvals sought.

Items with a classification of “local heritage significance” on the section 170 register or of “state heritage significance” can be found in the State Heritage Inventory.

Heritage items of state heritage significance can be found on the State Heritage Register

Both databases are found at www.heritage.nsw.gov.au

1.2.6 Occupational Health & Safety Act 2000 The Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000 and accompanying Regulations must be considered in all station design.

The objects of the OH&S Act are stated as:

a) to secure and promote the health, safety and welfare of people at work,

b) to protect people at a place of work against risks to health or safety arising out of the activities of persons at work,

c) to promote a safe and healthy work environment for people at work that protects them from injury and illness and that is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs,

d) to provide for consultation and co-operation between employers and employees in achieving the objects of this Act,

e) to ensure that risks to health and safety at a place of work are identified, assessed and eliminated or controlled,

f) to develop and promote community awareness of occupational health and safety issues,

g) to provide a legislative framework that allows for progressively higher standards of occupational health and safety to take account of changes in technology and work practices,

h) to deal with the impact of particular classes or types of dangerous goods and plant at, and beyond, places of work.

In order to be “fit for purpose”, the above objects must be considered and resolved in term of the OH&S Act and Regulations by the designer at all stages of the station design process. In particular, the following must be fully considered as part of the design:

• Construction Safety of those who will construct the station and its elements relative to the methods required and the environment and timeframe in which that construction will take place

• Operational Safety of those staff and contractors operating and maintaining the station

• Public safety during construction and operation as a result of construction or operation



• RailCorp as a Self Insurer, thus wishing to limit it’s own insurance liability

In particular, formal risk assessments must be undertaken during the design and design documentation processes in order to ensure that all risks in a particular location have been identified and are adequately mitigated by the design (in preference to related operational procedures)

It should be noted that operational risks to staff and public, identified under this Act will likely overlap with safety risks which must be identified and mitigated under the Rail Safety Act, which probably has more onerous, but less specific requirements. It is therefore desirable that the RailCorp Safety Management System (SMS) be used by the Designer in order to assess and resolve both risk categories simultaneously.

1.3 Station Design Process – Overview The following are some of the necessary and often overlapping processes in the design and design documentation of railway stations for RailCorp.

• The Design Process • Stakeholder Consultation Process • Briefing Process • The Co-ordination Process • Quality Assurance Process • Engineering Authority • Configuration Change Process • The Project Management Process

Process ensures the appropriate transformation and development of information at each stage of design. Building design is generally a complex process which starts with limited information (in the form of a user requirements brief or similar) and develops that information through a number of iterative cycles (generate, test, feedback). The more complex the problem, the more iterations will be required. Stakeholder response is an important element in the testing and feedback in order to generate more detailed requirements for subsequent design stages. It is seldom that a full set of acceptance criteria or design parameters for anything but a simple problem can be generated in a set of user requirements at the beginning of a building design process. Acceptance Criteria and design parameters are developed in response to a developing design, making ongoing stakeholder input an essential tool. If a quality product is to be produced, it is essential that adequate time and resources are dedicated to the design process. In essence, design is developing a model of the final product to increasing levels of detail, in order to ensure that the final product is adequate, in all respects for its purpose. Design and the design process is an important risk management tool. The shorter or less rigorous the design process, the greater the project (and consequentially operational and organisational) risk.

In terms of station design, the RailCorp Project Manager, who needs to co-ordinate input from within RailCorp, plays a critical role. Whilst the designer must integrate the information into the design, it is the RailCorp Project Manager who must facilitate its provision.

It is therefore important, early in the project, for the RailCorp Project Manager, in conjunction with the designer to identify:

• all stakeholders • appropriate inputs and • appropriate times for input • appropriate points for review and feedback



in a project and design program, which is updated at a project progresses

1.3.1 Detail – the Station Design Process Station Design often involves a number of disciplines and may include:

• Architects • Structural Engineers • Electrical, Communications & Lighting Engineers • Mechanical, • Hydraulic • Fire Engineers & Building Certifiers • Vertical Transportation Engineers • Environmental & Acoustic Engineers • Access Consultants • Landscape & Urban Designers • Heritage Architects • Programmers & Cost Consultants • Constructability Advisers

The Station Design process is generally complex, as a result of the number of disciplines involved and the diversity of requirements for resolution and the amount of co-ordination required. Hence it is usually undertaken in iterative steps moving from the general macro issues to the specific detailed micro issues. Each iterative step (for each level of resolution) involves a sequence of

• define requirements (brief, research, problem statement) – • generate solutions (resolve, design or detail, interpret) – • test solutions against defined requirements (assess and feedback).

Regardless of the size of the project the design stages noted below apply to all building projects.

In order to ensure appropriate input at appropriate times in the design process, a robust design process (with an appropriate number of iterations to ensure appropriate design quality) and characterised by well defined milestones and deliverables, is necessary. Deliverables must be defined in terms of the degree of resolution of particular items (content of deliverables). Such definition will also serve to form a basis for fulfilment of contractual design obligation.

The following is an indicative breakdown of the building design process, with possible design activity listed against possible deliverables. The necessity for each will vary, depending on the project type and scale, but the level of resolution implied by the presence of an item in a particular stage is the important point. All stages will not necessarily be required for a particular design contract, this may depend on the project scope, what work has already be done or the procurement method, but it is important to ensure that where a design engagement is for a later part of the work that the appropriate level of resolution has gone before and is confirmed by that engagement.

It should be noted that terminology used for each of the stages, is that commonly used in building design (and based on RAIA, RIBA pro formas) and may differ from the terminology used in other engineering disciplines and that used in the RailCorp Project Management Methodology (RPMM) or other business development or project processes.


1.3.1.1 Project Mobilisation


Design Activity Deliverable

Appoint specialist Sub-Consultants Sub-Consultants List (for approval)

Identify applicable Standards/Regulations

RISI Training Personnel list, RISI certification and work locations

Safety Induction (for personnel visiting site)

Design Safety Plan Site Specific Safety Plan & Safe Work Method Statement, appropriate to any required site investigation work at each station

OHS&R management system Project OHS&R management plan

Program & Resourcing Detailed Project Program with resourcing

Deliverables Content Outline of all deliverables indicating content for each program stage & review point eg Drawing Lists, Reports’ Contents

Quality Assurance Project Quality Plan (one per station) including checklists related to early stages and content & specific station issues

1.3.1.2 Project Definition The Project Definition stage of the project will gather and collate all available information including formulation of a detailed Scope of Work, define design parameters, define outline planning options, evaluate and select a preferred option

It is intended that all design parameters and all information required to resolve them (at all subsequent stages of the work) be explicitly stated and defined.

The options and solutions defined at this stage will delineate an outline approach to resolving the design parameters and provide an overall spatial solution for further development in the next stage of work. Cost estimates of each option will be required.

The final Project Definition Report will normally consist of drawings including block plans, elevations & sections demonstrating spatial options. It will also contain the Scope of Work, functional and operational requirements, master planning parameters and all other design constraints & opportunities. Complete & verify a composite existing services location plan and detailed survey plan. An elaboration of the costs and benefits for each proposed option including Quantity Surveyor prepared costs of each option and any programming & quality constraints. Specialist Sub-Consultant advice in defining and valuing the nature of particular constraints and opportunities, as required. An analysis of the options and recommendation of a preferred option. Completed quality checklists & certification appropriate to the stage (for all disciplines)

Options will be subject to a Financial & Economic Appraisal, Risk Assessment and Value Management by the Principal.


1.3.1.3 Project Definition


Design Activity Deliverable Project Information Gathering Geotech Geotechnical Report

BCA & regulatory parameters

Requirements & Constraints Report

Heritage Status & Parameters Environmental & Other Parameters Identify Approvals Required Determine specific Local Authority requirements

Define Overall Planning parameters

Define likely and possible Future Development constraints & timeline

Site Visit Meet Operational Staff Define Functional & Operational parameters Photos Photographic Record

Site/services assessment Co-ordinated services drawings Site measure verify existing

Services Search Existing Drawing Search Include info where appropriate Title & Existing Rights Search Detailed Survey Land Survey Engage Heritage Consultant (if required)

Define heritage significance, parameters & required actions

Engage Specialist Consultants (if required)

Define significance of specific element, parameters & required actions

Define scope of work Scope of Work Statement (or Outline Brief)

Define design parameters Statement of design principles and issues affecting siting, planning, function and operation of the proposed facility

Define outline Development Options for Review

Report & Drawings (include recommendation of Preferred Option) Cost Plan

1.3.1.4 Concept Design The Concept Design stage of the project will further develop design parameters and synthesise the outline solution agreed at the Project Definition Stage into a formal, functional and spatial solution including a qualitative selection of external finishes & colours. Deliverables include Detailed plans, elevations & sections demonstrating a formal and spatial solution to the design problem, developed from an agreed preferred option which emerges from the Project Definition phase of the project Structure and Services Consultants will evaluate conceptual options and undertake outline designs of critical system elements which will identify all services and structure space requirements. Sub-Consultant design advice in the form of services line diagrams and structural concepts (including an exposition of the alternatives considered) will be required and preferred strategies integrated. Incorporate & co-ordinated design information from RailCorp’s nominated Station systems and Infrastructure services and systems. This process will culminate in preparation of pictorial representations of the project and the Submission of a DA and an elemental cost plan.

Building form, fenestration and space will be frozen at this point. All spatial elements will be defined and external materials & finishes nominated.

The architectural concept for this Contract should reflect its context to a high degree and become recognisable and accepted by passengers and the public within the local and wider catchment area of each location.



The Concept must demonstrate a high degree of resonance within the scale and form of its immediate surroundings at the same time providing a notable focus for the public. It must create an architectural form that is appropriate as a public building and within the context of the its local setting. The design must also possess positive social attributes and serve to enhance the identity of the public transport system to the community.

The following activities will also be associated with this stage:

RailCorp stakeholder review the Concept Design and obtain agreement with the RailCorp stakeholders prior to proceeding

Attend and participate in heritage, local council and stakeholder meetings

Report elaborating the development of all design parameters, including constructability, safety incorporating and co-ordinating those developed by Sub-Consultants,

Preliminary assessment of compliance, Fire Engineering Brief if necessary

All physical elements required by compliance or Engineering Brief designed and sized at a concept level

Completion and acceptance of all passenger circulation studies including consideration of emergency scenarios and incorporation of all necessary spaces into design.

Analysis of the existing power supply from the point of supply by the supply authority, and estimate the demand loads of the Station.

Liase with the supply authority if additional power supply is required and/or additionaltransformers/ substations are to be installed. Incorporate appropriate space & locationinto design as necessary

Lodge statutory required submissions.

Schedule of External Material, Colour & Finishes

Elemental cost analysis of the design, demonstrating it to be within the budget.

Completed quality checklists & certification appropriate to the stage (for all disciplines)

Prepare appropriate level of Environmental and Heritage Impact Assessment as necessary for formal assessment

Information presented shall be in enough detail, when approved by the Principal, to enable a Ministerial announcement

Illustration of the Concept Design by means of an artist’s impression and 3D computer generated walk through.


Develop design parameters Report

Evaluate formal and functional options Report and drawings

Define overall elemental form Site Plan, Plans, Elevations, Sections (1:100)

Prepare Concept Design Drawings 1:100 (signed off formal/functional solution) Design Report incl colourboard




Service Concept Design Services evaluation report & Preliminary Schematics (line diagrams) including spatial allocation

Structural Concept Design Preliminary Structural Evaluation & methodology (qualitative) including spatial allocation

Co-ordinate concept design work of Sub-Consultants Performance reports

Heritage Factors Planning & Report Prepare Heritage Impact Statement (HIS) Conservation Management Plan (CMP) (as required)

Environmental Factors Planning & Report Prepare Statement of Environmental Effects (SEE), Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) as required

Prepare Presentation Material including Perspective & Walkthru

Framed Perspective (plus soft copy) 3 minute computer walk through Other presentation material

Prepare Concept Design Review Documents

Drawings & Report Elemental Cost Plan Report

Prepare Cost Plan

Concept Design Review Participation Input as required to assist

Final Concept Design & presentation amendments

Drawings 1:100 (signed off formal & spatial solution)

Prepare Authorities Submissions Prepare & Submit DA

Prepare & Submit Authorities Submissions (as required)

1.3.1.5 Design Development The Design Development stage of the project will further refine design parameters to the level of specific detailed requirements and define all structure, services and construction materials and methods required to achieve them.

Drawings and preliminary details will be developed to explore detailed materials and construction options and methods within a defined building and spacial form, envelope, fenestration and outline.

All developed design parameters and construction materials and methods will be frozen at the end of the process, with only documentation of these decisions remaining to be undertaken in the next stage.


RailCorp stakeholder review of the Developed Design and obtain agreement with stakeholders prior to proceeding

Incorporate all heritage, local council and stakeholder advice into detailed requirements and resolve any arising issues

Preparation of detailed cost estimates at nominated review points;



Deliverables include detailed large scale plans (1:50 min), elevations, sections and preliminary details demonstrating the development of the agreed Concept Design into a Developed Design which can be documented. Incorporate agreed conditions of Development Consent, when known. Resolution of the means and method of providing and constructing all building elements including detail of material form, assembly, fixing, and means of achieving required performance in details & finishes. Resolution of services and structural design to quantified & detailed level, indicating equipment, distribution & outlet sizing, routing & location. Co-ordinate all documentation. Incorporate & co-ordinate all developed design information from RailCorp Station Systems and Infrastructure systems (who will design, undertake or manage related work) including definition of extents of work. Report on the development of detailed design parameters into performance criteria and indicate how the proposed solutions will meet those criteria for all disciplines. All structural and services calculations including demonstration of how and why choices have been made where alternatives were available. Highlight any changes from previously stated parameters or approaches. Outline descriptive specification of all building elements & sub elements. Outline construction and operational methodologies required or implied by the specification including buildability, maintenance, staff and public operational implications. Include recommendations for staging, temporary works, possessions and operational changes agreed by prior discussion. Schedule of internal and external colours and finishes. Preliminary schedule of proprietary fixtures, fittings and hardware. Preliminary Door Schedule. Detailed sub element cost analysis of the developed design, demonstrating it to be within budget. Completed quality checklists & certification appropriate to the stage (for all disciplines)

Information presented shall be in enough detail, when approved by the Principal, to be elaborated into construction documentation without further design decisions.


Determine Detailed Requirements Detailed Design Brief (including services requirements)

Define detailed construction type & methodology Constructability Report

Finalise materials, finishes & fixtures Report

Finalise equipment & services outlet locations Report, Drawings

Detailed Services Design, incl resolve service conflicts Drawings, Report

Incorporate Specialist advice from Principal's organisation

Other specialist Sub-Consultants - Preliminary Review & Design

Drawings, Reports & Recommendations(as applicable)

Detailed Structural Design including delivery options

Preliminary Structural Analysis and recommendation (quantitative)

Co-ordinate detailed design work of all Sub-Consultants.

Prepare outline specification & schedules Draft Specification (all disciplines)

Incorporate agreed DA consent conditions

Co-ordination & Quality Check Completed checklists appropriate to stage

Prepare Design Development Review Documents





Confirm Cost Plan

1.3.1.6 Documentation The Documentation stage of the project is to document, in detail, all aspects of the developed design for the purposes of detailed pricing and construction. This activity shall result in complete and unambiguous documents which fully elaborate the design for construction without further explanation. All aspects of each discipline’s documentation shall be fully co-ordinated, both internally, one document with another and with other disciplines’ documents.

The Consultant will be required to prepare documentation sufficient to add to the Principal’s standard Conditions of Contract, for the calling of fixed lump sum Tenders not subject to Rise and Fall for the construction of the works shown in the Detailed Design and Conditions of Development Consent including s60, s140, s167 {if applicable} heritage applications.


• Review and document constructable design, taking into account all required staging, site access and operational parameters;

• Storage and material handling areas for each site shall be agreed; • Adequate specifications and detailed drawings to enable construction without

further elaboration; • Review of detailed cost estimates at nominated review points;

Typical Deliverables Content may be as follows

The provision by the Consultant of the following listed drawings and documents, and required associated work for the satisfactory operation of equipment is the minimum acceptable to the Principal for the services specified or implied and those requirements shall be allowed for by the Consultant and shall be provided under the Contract.

The documentation to include fully detailed drawings as are required for the construction of the works.

The drawings and specification required to be produced shall include, but not be limited to the following:

Detailed Survey -

• the complete station precinct, including RailCorp boundaries, accurate R.Ls, existing structures, stanchions, O/Head Wire Structures and catenary, signal posts, services, station furniture. Location of underground services and access covers at ground level

Geotechnical Report

• Geotechnical investigation report, in the area of the lift pit and any structural foundations.

Architectural/Landscape

• Co-ordination/site plan(s) setting out points - 1:100 or 1:200 • Temporary works and Staging plans - 1:100 • Demolition plans - 1:100 • General arrangement drawings - 1:100


• Sections and elevations - 1:100 • Roof plan -1:100 • Reflected Ceiling plan -1:100 • Details of layouts, plans and elevations - 1:50 • Lift details - 1:50 and 1:20 • Construction and finishes details - 1:20 or larger • Signage plan. Consultant to manage and co-ordinate the static and dynamic

signage. Principal will provide Schedule of Signs for inclusion in Consultants documentation.

• Landscaping plan and details • Footing plan superimposed on floor plan • Detailed specification • Door schedule • Finishes schedule • Colour schedule {including colour and finishes board}. Station painting and colour

scheme in accordance with CityRail’s Corporate Identity: Colour Scheme Manual – issued June 2000.

• Room Data Sheets • Station furniture (approved by the Principal)

Structural – scales to match those of the Architectural drawings

• Footing plans • Concrete profiles • Reinforcement layouts. • Lift structure • Column schedule. • Concrete and reinforcement details. • Structural steel marking plan • Structural steel details • Structural specifications • Design calculations including the basis for all calculations including assumptions

Electrical LV – scales to match those of the Architectural drawings

• CCTV specification and layout will be provided by the RailCorp during the design and documentation phase of the work, and the Consultant is to allow for incorporating these works into the documentation.

• Site plan to indicate locations of switchboards • External lighting layouts for concourse areas & platforms • Power layout for main concourse areas and platforms, buildings and lifts • Power supply and data reticulation for communications, security, CCTV, electronic

indicators, ticketing machines and barriers (as required) • CCTV specification and layout will be provided by the RailCorp during the design

and documentation phase of the work, and the Consultant is to allow for incorporating these works into the documentation.

• Distribution boards single line diagrams • Electrical mains & submains single line diagram • Data & Communications block diagram and distribution from MDF (as required) • Room layout drawings including all outlet locations • Internal lighting including fitting selection, switching & mounting details • Un-interuptable Power Supply (UPS) line diagrams (as required)

Communication

• Concealed conduit runs for P.A. systems, DVA, telephones, train indicators (plasma screens), train radio and lift telephones



Hydraulic

• Analysis of the existing stormwater and sewer system to ensure full functionality at the completion of the project.

• Design and documentation complete with a detailed specification of stormwater collection system (separate from track drainage), water supply and reticulation, sewerage system, sprinkler installation, hydrants, hose reels in conjunction with Fire Protection Engineer.

• Location of existing services to be shown on relevant drawings. • Water reticulation plans and details • Sewer and Stormwater drainage layout and details • Condensate drainage layout and details

Fire Protection (where appropriate)

• Site plan, legend and drawing list • FMS plans and details • Sprinklers, detectors, fire suppressions systems • Portable extinguishers

Vertical Transportation

• Design and documentation of the lifts & escalators to Australian Standards, the Building Code of Australia, WorkCover requirements and to nominated RailCorp specification

Mechanical

• Design and documentation of air conditioning, ventilation and exhaust systems. • Plant room details {if required} including lift machine room as appropriate • Air conditioning to lift car, duct work layouts and details, ventilation of lift shaft • Toilet exhaust as required • Ventilation duct work layouts and details • Mechanical power supply schematic • Condensate water supply layout and details • Equipment schedules

Quantity Surveyor

• Cost plans and cost checks at 60% and 90% completion to ensure the design remains within the Principal’s budget for the works.

• Electronic copies of the cost plans must be submitted in *.xls format and hard copy.

Construction Specification

• The technical construction specification, together with the technical schedules used for the full cost estimates along with the drawings forms the basis of the technical part of the contract and therefore must use consistent terminology

• Ensure that the technical sections of the specification fully describes the works which are appropriate and include all required temporary or protective works.

• “Rolling” specifications will be rejected • The specification shall also detail the Quality Assurance Standards to be followed

and the reports to be provided by the Construction Contractor. This shall relate to the contractual Quality Assurance requirements in the remainder of the contract documents and will facilitate appropriate quality assurance during construction

• Specification breakdown shall be in accordance with NATSPEC • The Consultant shall design and specify the works to minimise the requirements for

Track possessions and a detailed schedule of work required to be carried out during possessions shall be included within the documentation.



• Ensure that the various sections of the specification are co-ordinated and that those sections produced by various disciplines are identical in style and format and technically consistent with those of the main or co-ordinating discipline.

Temporary Works & Staging

• A full staging plan and clear documentation of what work is to be done in what stage based on an agreed preliminary schedule of available possessions

• Temporary and protective works and structures which will facilitate the safe ongoing operation for both staff and public of the station during construction duration

Dilapidation Survey Report

• Full description of the work to be carried out under the heading of “dilapidation survey report”,as a precursor and ongoing process at intermediate points in the construction process, by the Construction Contractor

Certification & QA

• Supply independent certification that all final construction documentation:

– Complies with the Building Code of Australia and all associated Australian Standards. This work must be undertaken by a certifier recognised under the Regulations of the Environmental Planning & Assessment Act.

– Compliance with all relevant RailCorp standards – All fire systems comply with the final Fire Engineering Brief. – All other statutorily required permissions and certifications – all matters raised as non compliances in “Checking” of previous stages – 3rd party peer reviews of the Documentation as required

Documentation

Design Activity Deliverable Document agreed Developed Design Prepare Drawings

Documentation at eg 60%, 90% and Pre Construction Tender (see definition below)

Prepare Specifications Prepare Schedules Prepare Cost Estimates eg 60%, 90%, Pre Construction Tender Co-ordinate documents - within disciplines, between disciplines Completed checklists appropriate to stage

Checking for completeness, consistency Completed checklists appropriate to stage Compliance with Guides, Codes, Standards Completed checklists appropriate to stage

Compliance with BCA Certification of BCA compliance Update documents due to co-ordination, checking and compliance issues Revised documents

Certify quality compliance Completed final check checklists

Whatever way it is decided to procure building design, there needs to be a number of tasks adequately addressed within and associated with the project’s design process

1.3.2 Stakeholder Consultation Process and Review Stages Milestones with witness and hold points for review usually occur at the end of each of the stages for Project Definition, Concept Design and Design Development and at two or three nominated intermediate points for the Documentation. The expression of



percentage complete will depend on the phase or phases for which it refers and may depend on the complexity of the project. The choice of the number and timing of review (sometimes known as witness and hold) points is critical to design quality. It is essential that:

• adequate time is allowed for review • adequate time is allowed for subsequent incorporation of comments into the design • review content relates directly to the stage of work and level of resolution of design • Note that in order to ensure reviews have maximum effect it is essential that • content of deliverables at milestones is clearly stated • milestone dates are programmed realistically to enable the completion of design

work • design work is not accepted for milestones, nor reviewed, unless content is

complete. • There is a clear delineation of what is acceptable and not acceptable in terms of

review content, related to those parts of the design which are fixed or yet to be resolved at the milestone.

• Clear understanding by all parties that review content outside the above point will result in design (and subsequently) time or cost

1.3.3 The Briefing Process Initially a user requirements brief needs to be prepared. It will have two main parts:

• The nature and boundaries of the problem that the building designer is required to solve or initiate

• The process, deliverables and deliverable content required to solve the design problem at each programmed stage. This is a project management task and enables the control of time, cost and quality as well as good co-ordination with RailCorp and other parties. Both parts are required in some form, in order to tender for a design (aka User Requirement Brief).

The initial user requirements will define requirements, for at least the initial iterations of the design process. In smaller, simple projects all requirements may be able to be defined at the beginning of the project and the end result measured against them. However in larger complex projects, the development of requirements will need to happen as part of the planning/design process and in response to it. The responsibility for developing the brief should be defined at the outset. It can rarely be developed unilaterally. Refer to sections on the Stakeholder Consultation and Co-ordination Processes. The number of formal briefing iterations should match the review (or witness and hold points) in the Design Process, but can also be undertaken more frequently and less formally as part of ongoing Project Management Process The number and frequency of input points will depend on the nature, size and complexity of the project and the available internal expertise to undertake it. Often the initial User Requirements Brief is prepared by the sponsor/users and developed by the design team or project manager by ongoing consultation with the internal stakeholders. Such internal feedback is a necessary part of the design process if stakeholder requirements are to be adequately addressed.

1.3.4 The Co-ordination Process Co-ordination of stakeholder and sign off at each stage must be facilitated by the RailCorp Project Manager. Final stakeholder acceptance of the design is essential. This is effectively a project risk which must be addressed in the Program by the RailCorp Project Manager. Refer also to the Configuration Change Process

Co-ordination is necessary at increasing levels of detail at all stage of the design process, beginning with coordination of capacity, location, sizing of spaces for



elements/distribution systems, circulation and access etc and adequate definition of the boundaries of work, culminating in co-ordination of all issues of detail

Co-ordination will be necessary of the following areas:

• Within and between disciplines or sub disciplines - this is the responsibility of the "lead" consultant, who, in station design, is normally an architect.

• Other specialist Station System contracts nominated and managed by RailCorp eg Ticketing, CCTV, SPI etc must be facilitated by the RailCorp Project Manager to ensure co-ordination between the Station System and the “lead” consultant.

• Rail infrastructure works (outside the Building Contract works) eg power supply upgrade, modifications to OHW, Track etc must be arranged between the Project Manager and RailCorp's Engineering Design Delivery Manager who will procure this work on behalf of RailCorp which must then be coordinated in to the station design by the “lead” consultant, facilitated by the RailCorp Project Manager.

• Stakeholder co-ordination (refer above to the Stakeholder Consultation Process and the Briefing Process)

1.3.5 The Quality Assurance Process All station design consultant firms must undertake design process in conjunction with an acceptable Quality Assurance system, in order to be able to demonstrate the quality of the design work they are producing to RailCorp. This must initially be documented in a Project Quality Plan and must operate concurrently with the design process. Each set of deliverables in the design process must be accompanied by specific quality system deliverables in the form of :

• project specific check lists, which demonstrate that design parameters appropriate to the stage, have been addressed and satisfy design criteria developed as part of the ongoing brief development during the design process and stakeholder consultation

• certification of compliance with legislation, appropriate Australian Standards and RailCorp standards. A level of independence and appropriate qualification is required to certify compliance. Where a government scheme exists to register certifiers for particular tasks, appropriately registered certifiers must be used, regardless.

• evidence of the provision of third party approvals or acceptance, where required • independent peer review where specifically required.

Subsequent to the satisfactory completion of design a process of Quality Assurance needs to be carried into the Construction Process to ensure that the designed product is delivered. Some critical items include:

• Construction needs to be undertaken and supervised by appropriately qualified and safety certified Contractors and Sub-Contractors, experienced in the type of work they are undertaking.

• At the end of the Construction process and prior to Practical Completion, the Designers must certify that the building has been built in accordance with the documents and to the Designer's satisfaction with appropriate supporting evidence such as QA checklists. This must be accompanied by statutory and RailCorp standard compliance certification

• The Contractor must ensure the completion of all operational & maintenance manuals, Technical Maintenance Plans, as built drawings and appropriate instructions or training are delivered prior to handover and Practical Completion.

• Building asset custodians, users (including operational and maintenance staff) and other stakeholders should inspect and indicate acceptance of the building.



• Evidence of above items 7 & 8 & 9 to be handed to the Chief Engineer, Stations and Buildings for final technical acceptance on RailCorp's behalf prior to Practical Completion.

1.3.6 Engineering Authority RailCorp has panels for most types of work which pre-examines firms in term of capability, systems and suitability. However it is individuals, rather than firms who are examined for the delegation of Engineering Authority

Design for particular projects must be undertaken by competent individuals (architects, structural and services engineers, heritage, access consultants and whatever other disciplines are required to design and document a building), experienced in the type of work proposed and capable of undertaking time, cost and quality assurance activities associated with their work. Formal Engineering Authority is delegated by RailCorp for all disciplines and must be applied for on the appropriate pro formas. Individuals who are granted Engineering Authority must demonstrate appropriate professional qualification, knowledge and experience related to a particular project.

1.3.7 The Configuration Change Process Changes to RailCorp’s infrastructure assets, including stations, must pass through a Configuration Change Process, whereby, at the conclusion of the design documentation process, a documented design is given formal approval to proceed by the infrastructure custodian’s Configuration Control Board (CCB). To facilitate such approval, the final design documentation is placed on RailCorp’s CM web for final, formal stakeholder approval, no objection or comment. These stakeholder responses are then considered by the CCB.

In order that there are no surprises from these final responses, it is essential that the Stakeholder Consultation Process and Briefing Process noted above are undertaken comprehensively throughout the project, starting at an early stage.

Often the CCB will consider designs in principle at the conclusion of the Concept Design phase as defined above.

1.3.8 Project Management Process All building projects will require a sponsor nominated "Project Manager" from within RailCorp to be responsible for:

• control the project (preferably from inception to completion), including defining the boundaries of individual’s and role’s responsibilities and associated co-ordination of it.

• providing a context and overview of time (overall programme for project milestones and critical co-ordination), cost (setting and monitoring project budgets) and quality issues related to both consultant and capital expenditure from RailCorp's point of view

• ensuring that appropriate extent of consultant design & building construction process and deliverables are adequately defined to meet RailCorp’s needs

• engaging consultant and/or construction contractors through appropriate RailCorp approved processes.

• monitoring consultant and/or construction contractor progress, administering contract conditions and payments

• facilitating the appropriate internal/external stakeholder input and co-ordination as appropriate (see detail below).



• ensuring RailCorp and NSW Government required processes are followed, such as funding sources, submissions, approvals, financial & economic evaluations, value managements, risk assessments, safety workshops, configuration management, possession availability, safe working and the like.

RailCorp Project Manager will need to follow the RailCorp Project Management Methodology (RPMM) process developed by the Enterprise Portfolio Management Office of RailCorp’s Asset Delivery Group

http://intranet.railcorp.nsw.gov.au/projects/1%20RPMM%20(RailCorp%20PM%20Method ology)/index.htm

Note that the stages of a project defined in the RPMM will differ from the terminology used in this document.

1.4 Overview - Station Types & Classification Station Types - Overview

One or all of the following will determine taxonomy of station configuration

• Track Configuration • Topography • Strategic Location & Function • Ticket Collection Arrangements

Refer to:

Figure 1 - Basic Platform /Station Drawing Terminology

1.4.1 Determinates of Station Types

1.4.1.1 Track Configuration Track curvature and slope may determine a station’s configuration related to its location as

• Island platform • Side platform

1.4.1.2 Topography • Existing landform, terrain, environmental considerations, existing land use,

elevation and relationship to adjacent features such as roads and associated approach to a station may dictate whether a station is located

• Underground • Enclosed or partially enclosed • Above Ground

1.4.1.3 Strategic Location & Function The strategic location and function of a station will determine whether it is a

• Suburban • Urban or Regional

– Commercial/Public facilities (Shops, schools, hospitals etc)


http://intranet.railcorp.nsw.gov.au/projects/1%20RPMM%20(RailCorp%20PM%20Method


• Interchange

– Train/Train Interchange (transfers across platform preferred) – Train/Public Transport (Bus, Taxi) Interchange – Train/Private Transport (car, motorbike, bicycle) Interchange “Park & Ride”,

“Kiss & Ride”

• Terminating

– Train operations

1.4.1.4 Ticket Collection Arrangements The ticket collection arrangements, usually related to staffing and patronage will generally classify a station as either

• Paid (ticket gates separating public and passenger areas) • Unpaid (no ticket gates)

1.4.2 Stations and Station Facilities Railway Stations are provided to enable RailCorp customers to safely and legally board and disembark from trains. There are 368 operating stations throughout the RailCorp network: 301 stations in the CityRail urban network and 67 stations in the CountryLink rural network. Most stations were originally constructed between 1855 and 1932. Recently opened lines are the Eastern Suburbs line (1979), the East Hills – Glenfield Line (1987) and the Airport Line (2000). Three new stations will open in 2008 with the completion of the Chatswood to Epping stage of the Parramatta Rail Link.

Station infrastructure and facilities are provided in response to the following demand factors:

• Patronage • A safe and secure environment for customers and staff • Station business requirements (e.g. ticket sales, business offices, staff amenities) • Train operation requirements (e.g. signalling and safeworking equipment, train

running monitors) • Customer Service Standards (e.g. safety, cleanliness, security, reliability;

information, equitable access, interchange facilities, comfort) • Statutory requirements related to safety, access, building codes, environment and

heritage conservation. • Community expectation and/or government commitments.

The facilities that may be provided at a station are:

Refer to Figure 2 - - Station Boundary Explanation



1.4.2.1 Station Entry To clearly mark and delineate the station entrance and provide an area for essential customer facilities.

1.4.2.2 Platforms To provide safe access on and off trains

1.4.2.3 Access to and from platforms. Access infrastructure may include:

• Footbridges, overhead concourses, pedestrian tunnels • Stairs, lifts, escalators & ramps for vertical access • Level crossings for access in outer metropolitan & country areas

Note: RailCorp has a major Easy Access Program to provide access that complies with the Disability Discrimination Act and Accessibility Standards for Public Transport.

1.4.2.4 Customer Facilities These may include:

• Shelters, waiting rooms, awnings and canopies for weather protection • Seating • Lighting • Garbage bins (except at key security stations) • Toilets • Wayfinding & station identification signage • Train running information (schedules, announcements, & real-time information

displays/updates)



1.4.2.5 Business & Staff Facilities These may include:

• Station Manager’s and associated offices • Control Rooms • Booking Offices • Staff meal, toilet and ablution facilities • Ergonomic staff facilities • Ticket issuing equipment and vending machines • Ticket gates • Storerooms • Equipment Rooms • Air conditioning.

1.4.2.6 Safety & Security Enhancing Facilities These include:

• Fire Life Management system • CCTV • High-intensity lighting • Emergency lighting • Help Points • Remote locking of customer toilets • Fencing • Bullet-proof Booking Office windows • Duress alarms for staff • Adequate concourse & platform space for safe pedestrian movement

1.4.2.7 Interchange Facilities These may include:

• Bike parking facilities • Bus/rail interchanges • Kiss ‘n Ride facilities • Taxi zones • Car Parking facilities



1.4.2.8 Services Such as:

• Shops or concessions • Vending machines • Public telephones

1.4.3 Identifying and Prioritising Station Enhancements

NOTE Station categories and classification have changed and are now reflected in

Stations functional requirements, effectively superseding this section

The baseline for identifying whether a station requires investment or enhancement is its Service Level Category. Every CityRail station has been assigned to one of the following Service Level Categories reflecting demand factors such as patronage, operational requirements and local customer service requirements:

Service Level Categories comprise:

• A Stations (e.g. Town Hall, Parramatta, Hurstville) are characterised by:

– Very high patronage (>20,000 per day) – 24-hour staff presence – Exceptional operational and commercial importance – Enhanced requirements for customer & staff facilities – Exceptional level of maintenance.

Note 1: all underground stations are category A, irrespective of other factors.

Note 2: Due to their exceptional patronage and operational significance, Central, Town Hall and Wynyard are classified as AA stations.

• B Stations (e.g. Epping, Newtown, St James) are characterised by:

– High patronage (10,001 - 20,000 per day) – Daily staff presence (typically 2 shifts per day) – Major operational and commercial importance – Significant requirements for customer & staff facilities – High level of maintenance.

• C Stations (e.g. Springwood, Marrickville, Mortdale) are characterised by:

– Medium patronage (2,501 - 10,000 per day) – Weekday staff presence (typically 1 or 2 shifts per day) – Significant operational and commercial importance – Moderate requirements for customer and staff facilities – Standard level of maintenance.

• D Stations (e.g. Morisset, Clyde, Bexley North) are characterised by:

– Low patronage (50 - 2,500 per day) – Weekday part-time staff presence – Some operational importance and minor commercial importance – Basic requirements for customer & staff facilities – Minimal level of maintenance.



• E Stations (e.g. Narara, Camellia, Linden) are characterised by:

– Very low patronage (< 500 per day) – No staff presence – Minor operational importance and no commercial importance – No requirement for staff facilities; minimal requirement for customer facilities – Minimal level of maintenance.

The following matrix lists all CityRail stations in their assigned categories:

CityRail Stations Classified By Service Level Category Note: A station’s Service Level Category may change over time, reflecting either

an increase or decrease in demand factors. This list is therefore subject to periodic review.

Olympic Park not included. Closed 7/9/05

AA A B Central Ashfield Hurstville Artarmon Granville Seven Hills Town Hall Blacktown Kings Cross Auburn Lidcombe St Marys

Wynyard Bondi Junction Kogarah Bankstown Liverpool Sutherland

Burwood Martin Place Campbelltow n Merrylands Sydenham

Cabramatta North Sydney Campsie Milsons Point Westmead Chatswood Parramatta Eastwood Mt Druitt Woy Woy Circular Quay Redfern Epping Newtown Edgecliff

Fairfield St Leonards Gordon Penrith St James Hornsby Strathfield Gosford Rockdale Museum

Total: 3 Total: 18 Total: 27

C Allawah Emu Plains Lewisham Pennant Hills Toongabbie Arncliffe Engadine Lindfield Penshurst Turramurra Asquith Erskineville Macarthur Petersham Wahroonga Beecroft Flemington Macquarie Fields Punchbowl Waitara Belmore Glenfield Marrickville Pymble Warwick Farm Berala Guildford Meadowbank Quakers Hill Waverton Berowra Gymea Minto Regents Park Wentworthville Beverly Hills Holsworthy Miranda Revesby West Ryde Canley Vale Homebush Mortdale Riverwood Wiley Park Canterbury Ingleburn Narwee Rooty Hill Wollongong Caringbah Jannali Newcastle Roseville Wollstonecraft Chester Hill Killara Normanhurst Springwood Wyong Concord West Kingsgrove North Strathfield St Peters Yagoona Cronulla Kingswood Nth Wollongong Stanmore Croydon Kirrawee Padstow Summer Hill Doonside Lakemba Panania Thirroul Dulwich Hill Leumeah Pendle Hill Thornleigh Total: 81

D Albion Park Coal Cliff Heathcote Picton Waterfall Austinmer Coledale Helensburgh Point Clare Carlton



D Banksia Como Hurlstone Park Port Kembla Cheltenham Bardwell Park Coniston Kiama Richmond East Hills Bargo Corrimal Lapstone Riverstone Rhodes Bellambi Cringila Lawson Rydalmere Tempe Beresfield Dapto Leura Scarborough Katoomba Berry Denistone Lithgow Schofields Tuggerah Bexley North Dundas Loftus Singleton Werrington Blackheath Dungog Maitland Stanwell Park Macdonaldtown

Blaxland Dunmore (Shellharbour) Marayong Tahmoor Windsor

Bomaderry (Nowra) East Maitland Minnamurra Telarah Yennora

Bombo East Richmond Mittagong Telopea Bowral Fairy Meadow Morisset Thornton Broadmeadow Fassifern Moss Vale Towradgi Bulli Faulconbridge Mt Colah Turrella Bundanoon Gerringong Mt Kuring-gai Unanderra Cardiff Glenbrook Mt Victoria Valley Heights Carlingford Goulburn Mulgrave Victoria Street Carramar Hamilton Muswellbrook Villawood Civic Harris Park Oak Flats Waratah Clarendon Hawkesbury R Otford Warrawee Clyde Hazelbrook Ourimbah Warrimoo Total: 114

E Aberdeen Cockle Creek Leightonfield Narara Vineyard Adamstown Cowan Linden Niagara Park Wallarobba Allandale Dora Creek Lisarow Paterson Warabrook Awaba Douglas Park Lochinvar Penrose Warnervale

Belford Exeter Lysaghts Port Kembla North Wingello

Bell Greta Martins Creek Rosehill Wirragulla Booragul Hexham Marulan Sandgate Wombarra Branxton High Street Medlow Bath Scone Wondabyne Bullaburra Hilldale Menangle Tallong Yerrinbool Burradoo Kembla Grange Menangle Park Tarro Zig Zag Camellia Koolewong Metford Tascott Casula Kotara Mindaribba Teralba Total: 58

These categories are used as the basis for determining the appropriate level of capital investment required at a station. The following list of Minimum Standard Features for each

Service Level Category can be used to assess whether there are gaps in the current facilities and infrastructure provided at a station.



Minimum Standard Features For Each Service Level Category

X = MANDATORY O = OPTIONAL


Patronage Current access Passenger and staff facilities S

ervi

ce L

evel

Cat

egor

y

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rage

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ion

Acc

ess

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with

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ross

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Acc

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oth

sid

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e

Pas

seng

er s

helte

r on

each

pla

tform

Sea

ting

on e

ach

plat

form

Pub

lic to

ilets

pro

vide

d

Rub

bish

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s in

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Ret

ail o

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t(s) o

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atio

n

Sta

ff of

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Sep

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ovid

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Sto

re ro

om p

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Sta

ff to

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Ligh

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ided

on

all p

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and

acce

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(foo

tbrid

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ubw

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tc)

A

B

>20,000 X X X X X X X X X X X X

10,001 - 20,000 X X X X X X O X X X X X X

C 2,501 - 10,000 X X X X X X X O X X X X X

D 1 - 2,501 O O X X X O X O O O O O X

E 1-500 X O O X

Safety and security

Serv

ice

Leve

l C

ateg

ory

CC

TV in

stal

led

Hel

p po

int i

nsta

lled

Rem

ote

mon

itorin

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sta

tion

Acc

ess

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Ala

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Per

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ent

Publ

ic te

leph

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ion

or n

earb

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A

B

X X X X X X X ALL

TUNNEL STATION

S

X

XX X X X X X X

C X X X X X X X X

D X X X X X X X X

E X X X X X X X


Passenger information Ticketing Heritage

Ser

vice

Lev

el C

ateg

ory

Stat

ion

nam

e si

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way

findi

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ge

Map

and

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Dig

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Long

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icke

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Her

itage

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Som

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A X X X X X X X X X X O O

B X X X X X X X X X X O O

C X X O O X X X X X O X O O

D X X O X X X O X X O O

E X X O X X O X O O

Note: While the Service Level Category is a broad guide to facilities required at a station, all major upgrades will also require a User Requirements Brief to be developed in consultation with key stakeholders. The User Requirements Brief documents the specific requirements for the station upgrade. It thus becomes the key document for developing the designs and specifications for the upgrade and is the yardstick by which the constructed work is assessed in terms of whether it has delivered the specified outcomes.




Figure 1 - Basic Platform /Station Drawing Terminology



Figure 2 - Station Boundary Explanation


1.5 Station Context The Station Context is considered to be more than just the “The public domain” and as such stations will be designed to be easily accessible and visible from the surrounding roads and communities, so as to attract and encourage patronage of RailCorp services.

Refer to Figure 2 - Station Boundary Explanation.

1.5.1 Objective The following guidelines are provided as a resource to assist in the planning and design of all elements and buildings and all areas landscaped areas (both hard and soft) outside the station buildings at ground level within RailCorp easements.

1.5.2 Overview The public domain should be designed to fulfil the following objectives:

• To attract patronage and encourage use of the stations by simplifying the connections with the existing and future urban fabric as well as providing convenience, clarity and quality of arrival sequence to the stations

• To provide memorable urban spaces by establishing a continuity of image for all station public spaces as well as introducing local variations to create a local identity at each station

• To create an image for the rail corridor from both the rail journey and local community perspective

• To provide a level of enjoyment and comfort by creating safe, convenient and efficient environments around the stations

• To create a coordinated urban character by developing a shared palette of public domain elements that allow for local variations.

RailCorp surface infrastructure is to be located to ensure existing and known future pedestrian access ways are not obstructed. A stations urban design must provide:

• Safe access to the station entry • Clear identification of the point at which passengers transition to or from the Station

Boundary

At larger stations the urban design may provide additional facilities, which will be determined by the Station Category*, patronage and the User Requirements Brief*.

Refer to: Section 3.8 ‘Landscape’ for further information.

1.5.3 Detailed Requirements Urban design includes the planning and design of all elements and buildings that project above ground (public domain) and all areas of hard and soft landscaped outside the station buildings at ground level within RailCorp easements. Site-specific conditions can extend this to include:

• Connections to interchange facilities, bus taxis and private vehicles • Access ways and footpaths • Underpasses • RTA Pedestrian interconnecting bridges.

The design of the public domain can also include:



• Cut and cover tunnels - sections of cut and cover tunnels where tunnels surface • Dive Structure, portals and associated walls • Fly-Overs (Rail / Road) • Bridges (Road / Pedestrian) • Fences and barriers • Vent Shafts, substations and emergency stair enclosures etc. from underground

locations.

1.5.3.1 Link to Local Neighbourhoods and Open Spaces The design of the public domain should:

• Connect the station with the surrounding public roads and spaces • Respect and reinforce desire lines to adjacent developments and local

communities • Address visual corridors to and from proposed property developments • Incorporate safe pedestrian, bicycle and vehicular links • Orientate the entrance to the stations to existing streets or public ways wherever

possible, to maximise passive surveillance from adjacent land uses.

1.5.3.2 Integrate with Adjacent Developments The design of the public domain will where appropriate:

• Consider relationships to surrounding existing and proposed land uses • Optimise commercial opportunities adjacent to stations • Encourage higher density development opportunities adjacent to stations • Improve the quality of the adjacent natural and built environment.

An assessment of the areas immediately adjacent to the station entry, but beyond the RailCorp boundary, is required to determine whether passenger safety is adequate in these areas. Pavement condition, lighting and visibility are areas of particular concern. Wherever possible, RailCorp will liaise with the relevant landowner and local council, to encourage the upgrade of adjacent areas to match the safety, security and presentation standards achieved at the station entry.

1.5.3.3 Memorable Public Spaces that Engender Community and Commuter Pride The public spaces at each station will present a distinctive and memorable image for RailCorp / CityRail as well as an identity for the local communities. This can be achieved by paying particular attention to the following issues:

• Continuation of the “brand” image, standards and identity for RailCorp / CityRail • Provide memorable, distinct and readily identifiable spaces around the station

entries • Provide convenience, clarity and quality of the station arrival sequence to create or

heighten a sense of anticipation and excitement

1.5.3.4 Spaces for Arrival, Orientation and Gathering The design of the public domain should:

• Provide for efficient modal change between trains, buses, taxis, kiss and ride, park and ride, cycle and walking

• Be appropriately sized, located and orientated to cater for their arrival, orientation and gathering functions

• Provide suitable form, spatial sequence and massing in relation to these functions



• Provide appropriate weather protection to prevent crowd congestion at station entries

• Accommodate emergency egress from the station.

RailCorp shall confirm boundaries of urban design and public domain works during concept stage as station locations and cost plan are finalised.

1.5.3.5 User Comfort and Enjoyment A well-designed public space will provide an integrated facility that not only functions well for users but also promotes an enjoyable experience for all users. A safe and secure environment at both day and night will:

• Promote feeling of personal security, particularly at times of low activity at the stations, by providing clear lines of site, opportunities of escape from perceived danger and a well lit environment. Hazards such as changes in level and intersections must be clearly visible.

• Clearly delineate pedestrian and vehicular zones. • Provide well lit car parking areas and pedestrian/cycle paths to stations. • Minimise opportunities for graffiti and damage by using robust and durable

materials. • Be monitored by CCTV to help reduce the incidence of crime, graffiti and loitering.

Refer to

• Section 2.2 ‘Security’ • Section 4.4 ‘Security Systems - CCTV’

1.5.3.6 Accessible and User Friendly Spaces Access and user friendly spaces will:

• Enable easy access for all people • Provide clear, predictable and direct routes to the station by arranging furniture,

bollards, trees and other public domain elements to establish a continuous accessible path of travel (clear of obstacles) for people with impairments or limited mobility and people with guide dogs

• Use longitudinal grades less than 1:20 in order to minimise the need for ramps, balustrades and stairs

• Provide a maximum 1:40 cross fall for all continuous accessible paths of travel • Where stairs are unavoidable, provide alternative vertical movement with

convenient and equitable means of access for those with special needs • Delineate changes in level using changes in colour, luminance and/or texture • Design all primary circulation paths to optimise resilience under foot. • Use of paving materials that meet or exceed the slip resistance standard

requirements • Use heel proof grate perforation within the directions of travel • Provide sufficient and appropriately located seating and rest areas in the external

spaces • Provide sufficient and suitable user facilities, such as bins, seats and bubblers, at

convenient locations to service the user needs and to promote user comfort • Address conformance with an access consultant review, where compliance with

the relevant standards cannot be met due to specific requirements and to ensure it adequately provides for users with special needs.



Refer to

• Section 2.5 ‘Accessibility’ • Section 3.3 ‘Circulation’

1.5.3.7 Weather Protection Adequate shade and weather protection will include:

• External rest areas, queuing areas and major circulation routes with protection from the weather, including solar radiation (particularly UV radiation), rain and wind

• Sufficient shaded areas so that passengers have access to comfortable conditions • Areas that are sheltered from the wind and wind borne rain.

1.5.3.8 Coordinated Urban Character A quality urban character is to be achieved using low maintenance, robust, quality materials and details that are fit for purpose and best value, these include:

• Each element designed for strength and durability such that they are fit for purpose • A minimal and consistent palette of materials • Provision for the requirements for maintenance, emergency and service vehicle

access • The coordination of requirements for below ground access to services • Materials chosen based on best practice for each situation and to provide the best

value solutions using life cycle costing criteria.

Urban character can be enhanced when all visible elements of infrastructure are considered including:

• Locate pit covers and grates so as to be coordinated with paving and landscape design to minimise adverse impacts on the visual appearance of the public domain

• Select grates and pit covers for ease of maintenance and compliance with access requirements

• Service covers less than 600mm to be cast iron. Service covers greater than 600mm to be in filled with material to match the surrounding pavement; and

• Designed to direct overland flow and flooding away from the station entrances and buildings.

The public design shall use appropriate plant species, sizes and densities as determined by the following:

• Use trees with clear trunks to address sight line and surveillance issues; • Use plant shrubs and ground covers at appropriate densities to provide initial

impact and minimise weed invasion and maintenance; • Advance order significant trees subject to commercial limitations • Select low maintenance species wherever possible • Retain and protect existing significant trees wherever possible and appropriate • Significant trees and other non-frangible obstacles are to be set back from road

carriageways • Landscape elements are to be located to maintain clear sight lines at intersections • Provide an integrated, automatic and even system of water supply and drainage to

the landscaped and grassed areas utilizing grey water or tank water wherever possible.

Any urban design proposal shall minimise impacts on existing ecosystems and habitats, enhance remaining ecosystems, conserve the use of resources, non-renewable energy,



topsoil and minimise the use of construction materials that deplete natural resources or create toxic pollution in their manufacture.

Refer to

• Section 3.8 ‘Landscape’ • Section 3.11 ‘Materials”

1.5.3.9 Rail Corridor Attract and encourage station use by creating a positive rail corridor image. All elements forming the rail corridor, including public spaces, portals, cut and cover tunnels, dive structures, walls, construction compounds and traction stations create the rail corridor image from both the rail journey and local community perspective. A positive rail corridor image can be achieved by paying particular attention to the following issues:

• Retain and protect existing special site characteristics where possible • Protect privacy of adjacent landowners • Control and minimise levels of noise pollution to adjacent properties • Control and minimise light spill from corridor and stations • Respect items of natural and cultural heritage value • Improve the quality of the adjacent built environment, and where appropriate, the

natural environment.

A well designed and maintained rail corridor will:

• Improve the at grade rail journey experience through the design of above ground elements and landscapes within the corridor; and

• Celebrate tunnel exit and entrance experiences through the design of the landscapes and portals.

Refer to

• Section 4.4 ‘Rail Infrastructure Systems’

1.5.3.10 Code and Statutory Requirements The design of the public domain is to comply with all relevant design and construction codes, regulations, and authority requirements and in particular.

RailCorp Requirements:

• Crime Prevention through Environmental Design Standards • DDA Disability Transport Standard (DTS) (draft) • Approved Railway Station Access Strategy

Government and Authority Requirements

• Local Council, Local Government Authority and DIPNR* requirements; • DUAP* Guideline Document ‘Environmental Planning for ESD’ July 1995 • RTA standards and requirements • Relevant Council Standards and Plant Lists.

Construction Standards

• AS/NZS 4586 ‘Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials’; • AS 3661.1 ‘Slip Resistance of Pedestrian Surfaces Requirements’ (Refer to

AS/NZS 4586 as well)



• HB 197:1999 ‘An Introductory Guide to the Slip Resistance of Pedestrian Surface Materials’

• AS 3661.2 ‘Slip Resistance of Pedestrian Surfaces – Guide to Reduction of Slip Hazards’

• AS 1428 Parts 1-4 ‘Design for Access and Mobility’ • Natspec guide – Purchase of Advanced Trees; • Relevant BCA Standards for egress and access • Austroads ‘Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice – Parking’ • Austroads ‘Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice – Pedestrians’ • Austroads ‘Guide to Traffic Engineering Practice – Bicycles’

RTA ‘Road Design Guide’.


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