Translating protein enzymes without aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Enzymes Protein structures that lower activation energy.
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Transcript of Enzymes Protein structures that lower activation energy.
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Enzymes
Protein structures that lower activation energy
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Enzyme names Ends in –ase
Based on reaction catalyzed
Ex: hydrolysis of amylose – enzyme amylase
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Spontaneity - S
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Catabolism vs. Anabolism
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Factors that change the rate of chemical reactions
Changing pH Agitation Increase temperature Removing product Enzymes: ideal
because highly efficient and specific
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Enzyme-Substrate Complex
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Enzyme models Fischer’s “lock and key” Jenk’s “strain” Koshland’s “induced fit”
All three = modern induced fit theory of enzymes
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Induced fit model
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Inactive until regulated
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Inhibition Inhibitor =
chemical similar in shape and size to substrate
Competitive vs. Noncompetitive
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Allosteric inhibition
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Regulatory molecule
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Cofactors metal ions activator coenzymes (vitamins) prosthetic groups
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Optimal conditions for enzymes
Temperature
pH Saline
concentration
Etc.
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