Environmental Rehabilitation Strategy and Activities in Ayeyarwady Delta:

UNDP Experience

Htun Paw Oo and Saw Doh Wah

Inle/ICDP, UNDP Myanmar

12 November 2012, Inya Lake, Yangon

Content

•Introduction•Previous Activities by Forest Department, UNDP, FAO•UNDP Rehabilitation Strategies & Activities•Environmental Issues•Progress on Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation•The Way Forward

Source: UN-REDD Newsletter no. 16, Feb 2011

Ecosystem Function of Mangroves

Ayeyawady Delta

Rakhine coastal line

TaninthayiCoastal line

Types of Livelihoods In Delta

• Agriculture( paddy, homestead garden, horlticulture)

• Fishery (catch fishery, aquaculture, processing)• Livestock (cattle, poultry, duck, goat)• Forestry ( fuel-wood, charcoal, Nipa)• Agro-forestry (sorjan, multi-layer)• MSE• Cottage industry (rice mill, salt)

Main causes of mangrove depletion and Main causes of mangrove depletion and degradationdegradation

• Increase of Rice Fields• Human Settlement in the Reserved Forests• Construction of Prawn Pond• Over exploitation of Firewood and Charcoal Production• Lack of Awareness of the services of Mangrove

Land use changes of Mangroves in Delta

1990

2001

20072001

Sr. Township Reserve Area (ha)

Remaining Stands (ha)

Damaged Area (ha)

Damaged (%)

1 Labutta 101,620 16,150 4,638 28

2 Bogalay 151,228 39,568 12,070 30

3 Mawlamyinegyun 21,947 251 62 24

Total 274,795 55,969 16,770 29

Mangroves affected by Cyclone Nargis

Previous Programmes

UNDP/FAO HDI (1994 to 2002)• Capacity building both for agencies and communities,• Establishment of village nurseries, • Development of community forestry, • Public tree planting (roadsides, school compounds, etc.)• Utilization of efficient stoves, • River bank protection planting,• Environmental awareness & forestry extension

ICDP (2003-2008) period in Ayeyaewady Delta

• Farm boundary planting 762.8 acres• Community woodlots 774.0 acres• Village forest nurseries 17 no.• Embankment renovation 284.8 miles• Land reclamation 4415 no.• Bamboo planting 624.4 acres• School tree planting 6 no.• Energy saving stoves 18816 no.

Those activities have been implemented in Bogalay, Labutta, Kyaiklat, Mawlamyeingyun and Ngapudaw townships.

Community Forests and Public Tree Planting in HDI/ICDP Projects Labutta

Community Mangroves Forests Established in HDI Provided Forest Products for Construction & Farm Tools and Saved Lives

Public Forestry Private Forestry Community Forestry Agro-Forestry

Strategies of Reforestation

1. Road Side2. Coastal belt 3. River bank 4. School, Monastery, Church etc.,)

1. Reserved forest (FD)2. Individual private land3. Land allowed by SLRD

1. Reserved forest land permitted by FD 2. Land allowed by SLRD

1. Homestead garden 2. Farm boundary 3. Fish and shrimp ponds for Silvo-fishery

NurseryMangrove nursery (mangrove spp.)

Fresh water nursery Multipurpose + Fruit Trees

Capacity Building (Training, Workshop, Study tour)

Post Nargis Recovery Intervention(2009)

Nursery establishment - 42 non-mangrove nurseries( 1.07 ml seedlings)

• - 14 mangrove nursery(0.5 ml seedlings)• Public tree planting - Road sides, River bank

(281 villages) - Home gardens, Farm boundary• - School & monastery compounds• Villages for planting mangrove saplings - 78• 5 forest nursery trainings - Fresh water and mangrove species• 4 Forest mgmt trainings• 7 (Study tour, environmental campaign and orientation workshop)• Distribution of fruit trees - 69,000• No. of beneficiaries for fruit trees - 5,500• 4 Efficient stove making training - mud stove and rice husk stove• Distribution of efficient stoves - 3,674

ICDP-Delta Intervention(2010)

Nursery establishment - 29 non-mangrove nurseries( 0.4 ml seedlings)• - 15 mangrove nursery(0.4 ml seedlings)• Public tree planting - Road sides, River bank

(165 villages) - Home gardens, Farm boundary - School & monastery compounds

• 3 Environmental campaigns - 400 students & 100 villagers• 4 Efficient stove making training - 126 trainees• 12 (Forest management, agro-forestry, aqua-forestry and efficient stove

trainings) for 381 trainees from 95 villages• Distribution of bamboo & fruit trees - 11,400 & 17,800• Distribution of IEC materials - posters (9070), pamphlets

(36,000) & booklets (12,000)

Public Tree Planting Activities

Auk Gyo Phyu Mangrove Nursery& Planting in MLG

Strengths and Opportunities

Strengths• Community, NGOs and individuals show their interests for tree

planting• Awareness increased on CC, Env and DRR • Improved coordination among line agencies, I/NGOs• Previous experienced village resource persons

Opportunities• Traditional home garden (Agro-forestry) practices have been

existed• Technology access on mangrove rehabilitation• Potential for sorjan and mangrove-cum-aquaculture• Community forests/woodlots for potential REDD+

Weakness and Threats

Weakness

•Limited land area for community forests and village woodlots

•Limited knowledge and skill on reforestation and agro-forestry at field staff and community

•Limited village level forest resource data

Threats

• Population pressure associated with imbalanced supply & demand of forest resources

• Accelerated expansions of agriculture and fish & shrimp, salt farming

• Widespread river bank erosion

• Other environmental issues, weather abnormality, decreased fish catch, sea level rise, etc.

Community Forests and Products in HDI/CDRT Project

Environmental Activities in 2011

• Mangroves & fresh water nursery - 10 nurseries• Mangrove and fresh water seedlings - 388,535

seedlings• No. of villages planted - 95 villages• Forest management training - 2 batch for 70

participants• Environmental awareness campaign - 1450 participants• Posters and manual on mangrove mgnt - 1300• Pamphlets on forest conservation - 20,000

Protect from Wave on Mangrove Planting

Mangrove Nurseries and Plantation

Roadside Planting ad Agro-forestry

Agro-forestry in Delta

Bio-mass Fuel in Delta

Locally Available Non-wood Bio-mass Fuel

Utilization of Energy Efficient Stove and Local Initiatives

Way Forward• Cooperation with Government agencies, local communities and UN/

international organizations• Supporting the development of the comprehensive land use

policy/plan• Improve/encourage community and private forestry, agro-forestry• Improve/encourage environmental awareness including climate

change mitigation and adaptation• Improve capacity development on energy efficient stoves• Improve stakeholder participation, cooperation and coordination• Mangroves are potential climate change adaptation and mitigation• Improve integration among stakeholders (line ministries,

INGOs/NGOs, CSOs and community)• Participate in recently initiated Integrated Coastal Zone

Management programme

Thank You for Your Attention