Environmental archeology
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Transcript of Environmental archeology
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Environmental Archeology
23-1 JICA/JOCV
K.W.S. Malindi Marine Park
Takatoshi AKAI
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Outline
• What is Environmental Archeology?
• Reasons : The fall of the civilization
• Why Chinese Empire fallen many times?
• The fall of the Pompeii civilization
• The fall of the Maya Empire
• What about our world now?
• Conclusion
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What is Environmental Archeology?
• To study how “the dawn, the progress and the fall, of the civilization” occurred under the certain environment.
• Archeologists use “Radiocarbon Dating Method” to find out when the found relic created.
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“Radiocarbon Dating Method”
Time Passed
11460 year11460 yearpassedpassed
5730 year5730 yearCreatedCreated
Calculate amount of carbon(C14) in relic, then find out the era it created.
C14 in atmosphere
Half term-5730 year
C14 in relic
C14 in atmosphere is stable.Once organism stop metabolism
C14 reduce with time passed.
Amount of C14
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① ① The WarThe War
② ② Natural DisasterNatural Disaster ③ ③ Culture / ReligionCulture / Religion
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Case Study: Ancient ChinaQuiz : How many Chinese Dynasty exist?長江文明 BC14000黄河文明 BC7000夏朝 BC2070殷・商朝 BC1600周朝 BC1200春秋戦国 BC770秦朝 BC221漢朝 BC206三国 AD220晋 AD265隋朝 AD581
唐朝 AD618五代十国 AD907遼朝 AD947宋 AD960金朝(女真) AD1115元朝 AD1271明朝 AD1368清朝 AD1616中華民国 AD1949
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Case Study: Ancient China• Until recent, China changed era by war due
to feudalism, or bad administration.
• Recent research found, era in China changed due to climate change.
• And it lead to “want of food”
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Case Study: Pompeii / Italy
• 24 August in BC79• Eruption of Mt. Vesuvio• Pyroclastic flow hit town• 600 volcanic ashes called ℃
nueeardente swallowed town
People in Pompeii died due to environmental hazard!!
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Case Study: Maya / C. S. America• Theory 1: People in Maya abandoned their
culture and removed somewhere due to their cultural belief.
• According to Maya calendar,
next judgment day is 23 Dec 2012.
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• Structures were covered by plaster.
• All structures build on the slope.
• Therefore, once rain fall, water flow on plaster and gathered in one place.
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What about Our World Now?• Archeologists usually consider the end of
civilization due to terrible governance or civil war.
• But, in terms of “the fall of the civilization”, climate change has important roll.
• Even today, the war occurs in the Middle East, to have an interest in a water business.
Gasoline \150/L in Japan
\ = Sh
Water \150/L in Japan
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Conclusion• Environmental change such as natural
disaster, draught, climate change scarce our food and influence our civilization.
• Even today, the war occurs in the Middle East, to have an interest in a water business.