ENoLL FAO Joint Workshop Ivan Pilati

WFA Ltd – Official Document

W4A WATER 4 ALL

INTEGRATED SOURCES LTD.

Abuja, October 2010

WFA Ltd – Official Document 2

i.   Introduc:on: a.   About WFA Integrated Services Ltd b.   WFA references c.   The Clean Water Challenge d.   The Water Management Policy e.   The Way Forward

ii.   The Water Management Cycle

iii.  The Water Management Systems & Plants a.   Water Sources b.   Water Depura:on c.   Clean Water Storage & Distribu:on Network d.   Quality Control, metering, invoicing & informa:on systems e.   Waste Water Collec:on f.   Waste Water Treatment

iv.   Proposed Roadmap

v.   Addendum

Contents


About WATER FOR ALL Integrated Sources Ltd.





v.   Addendum


!  WFA is a Nigerian company founded with the aim to bring innova>ve solu>ons to win the challenge of Clean Water availability in Nigeria, in line with the FG’s developmental goals.

!  WFA built-‐in the extensive technical exper>se/experience of its prime interna>onal engineering partners together with the deep knowledge of the local context of its Nigerian stakeholders.

!  This jointure provides WFA with the comprehensive competences, experience and state-‐of-‐the-‐art technical solu>ons to manage all the aspects of the most challenging Water Management Projects in Nigeria

…WATER FOR ALL

About WFA


  Master Planning and Feasibility Studies   Hydrologic and Geologic Analysis   Satellite and Aerial Photometrical   Socio-‐Demographic Analysis   Exis>ng Water Pipelines detec>on, mapping and maintenance   Design, Procurement, Construc>on, Maintenance and Management of:

o  Water depura;on plants (depura;on/desaliniza;on/potabiliza;on) o  Clean Water distribu;on networks (water pipelines, tanks, aqueducts…) o  Waste Waters collec;on networks (pipelines, channels…) o  Waste Waters Treatment Plants (for re-‐use or re-‐emission in environment) o  Energy produc;on plants (from sludge and garbage)

  Financing Planning & Funds scou>ng/research/raising   Program & Project Management   Design, Procurement, Implementa>on of management and maintenance systems:

o  ICT & Geographic Informa;on Systems (GIS) o  Metering, Invoicing & Insolvency Management

5

About WFA: full set of capabili:es and services


WFA: Extensive Experience & Innova:ve Solu:ons Ancients (Egyp;ans, Romans) could bring fresh water to their houses 2.000 years ago. During 20 centuries, technologies and competences have been improved and consent today to iden;fy and apply the most viable Water Management Solu/ons, to face the new global challenge of freshwater availability and conserva;on

WATER FOR ALL Integrated Sources Ltd. With its prime technical partners is on the frontline on the water sector and can

introduce innova/ve Water Management Solu/ons and Water Technology Systems to win the challenge of water for all in Nigeria


WFA References i.   Introduc:on:

a.   About WFA Integrated Services Ltd b.   WFA references c.   The Clean Water Challenge d.   The Water Management Policy e.   The Way Forward


iii.  The Water Management Systems & Plants a.   Water Sources b.   Water Depura:on c.   Clean Water Storage & Distribu:on Network d.   Quality Control, metering, invoicing & informa:on

systems e.   Waste Water Collec:on f.   Waste Water Treatment


v.   Addendum


The Clean Water Challenge i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


World Water quality – access to clean water

Source: United Na;ons Environmental Programme (UNEP): water quality -‐ access to clean water, 2010


Water Poverty Index (WPI) -‐ UNEP

Source: United Na;ons Environmental Programme (UNEP) World Resources Ins;tute.

WPI grades 147 countries according to five different measures: resources, access, capacity, use and environmental impact. It helps policy makers to see the links between poverty, social depriva;on,

environmental integrity, water availability and health

The WPI demonstrates the strong connec>on between 'WATER POVERTY' and 'INCOME POVERTY'


Policy Recommenda:ons (1/2)

A Tackle immediate consequences

!   Countries must adopt a mul>-‐sectoral approach to water management as a maXer of urgency, incorpora>ng principles of ecosystem-‐based management from the watersheds into the sea, connec>ng sectors that will reap immediate benefits from beXer water management

!   Successful and sustainable management of water requires a cocktail of innova>ve approaches that engage the public and private sector at local, na>onal and transboundary scales. Planning processes should provide an enabling environment for innova>on, including at the community level but require government oversight and public management

!   Innova>ve financing of appropriate water infrastructure should incorporate design, construc>on, opera>on, maintenance, upgrading and/or decommissioning. Financing should take account of the fact that there are important livelihood opportuni>es in improving water treatment processes, whilst the private sector can have an important role in opera>onal efficiency under appropriate public guidance

We recommend a two-‐pronged, incremental approach to tackle immediate consequences whilst thinking to the long term


Policy Recommenda:ons (2/2)

B Thinking to the long term

!   In light of rapid global change, communi>es should plan water management against future scenarios, not just current situa>ons

!   Solu>ons for smart water management must be socially and culturally appropriate, as well as economically and environmentally viable into the future

!   Educa>on must play a central role in water management and in reducing overall volumes and harmful content of wastewater produced, so that solu>ons are sustainable

We recommend a two-‐pronged, incremental approach to tackle immediate consequences whilst thinking to the long term


Average daily Water consump:on and water footprint !   40 litres/day of water is the Minimun Water Right per person declared by UN !   165 litres/day per person is the average European water consume !   250 l/d per person is the Italian average water consume !   350l/d of water per person is the average consume in Canada while 425l/d per person is the average in United States !   40-‐50l/d are used for cooking and washing up !   8-‐30 litres are consumed for every toilet water draw !   100-‐150litres for bathtub !   6 litres to wash one’s hands/face !   3 litres to brush one’s teeth !  15 litres for shaving !   Only 2 litres for drinking


Wastewater, a global issue

Source: United Na;ons Environmental Programme (UNEP): WHO database, data for 2002; FAO database; Babel et Walid, 2008: European Environment Agency, 2009; Diaz, R., et al., 2008.


1.   Clean water for all: provision, purifica;on, adduc;on, distribu;on ,metering, waste water collec;on, depura;on 1.  Nigeria Today 2.  New Sources for Water system 3.  Waste water collec;on and treatment

2.  The supplying problem 1.  How much water? 2.  Were is the water? 3.  People educa;on and environmental management

3.   Waste Water reu>liza>on 1.  Reuse for irriga;on (farming) 2.  Reuse for industrial use (industry)

4.   Reduc>on and op>miza>on management costs 1.  Energy from sludge 2.  Use of Informa;on & Communica;on Technologies (ICT)

15

Clean Water in a clean Environment: priori:es and technical solu:ons


Water Poverty Index (WPI) -‐ CEH

Source: Center for Ecology & Idrology

! Resources: The physical availability of surface and ground water, taking account of the variability and quality of the resource as well as the total amount of water.

! Access: The extent of access to water for human use, accoun;ng for not only the distance to a safe source, but the ;me needed for domes;c water collec;on, and other significant factors. Access means not simply safe water for drinking and cooking, but water for irriga;ng crops or for industrial use.

! Capacity: The effec;veness of people’s ability to manage water. Capacity is interpreted in the sense of income to allow purchase of improved water, and educa;on and health which interact with income and indicate a capacity to lobby for and manage a water supply.

! Use: The ways in which water is used for different purposes; it includes domes;c, agricultural and industrial use.

! Environment: An evalua;on of environmental integrity related to water and of ecosystem goods and services from aqua;c habitats in the area.


According to UN sta;s;cs, more than 53% of Nigerians is not using an improved water source and less than 30% have access to safe drinking water

Nigeria and the Clean Water Challenge (1/3)

Source: United Na;ons Development Programme (UNDP), 2010

The scarcity of safe drinking water has assumed a crisis propor;on in urban and rural areas taken different dimensions in various regions. The deser;fica;on in the northern part, the pollu;on of the swamps in the Niger Delta just to men;on a few… [Thisday The Horizon Kayode Komolafe 21st July 2010]


Nigeria and the Clean Water Challenge (2/3)

  People Life Quality : Human body is made up of 70% water and not having access to Clean Water compromises health and hygiene.

  People Welfare. People incomes are deeply affected due to lack/pollu;on of water for irriga;on and fishery.

  People Cost of Life. 44% of households have their own private boreholes, and many rely on water vendors whose high prices amount to more than 30 % of household income for the poorest.

  Pollu>on of water sources. Scarcity of Clean Water supply caused Indiscriminate digging of boreholes, with long-‐term environmental consequences and hydrogeological implica;ons.


Nigeria and the Clean Water Challenge (3/3)   Diseases outbreak. A large por;on of households resort to drawing water

from unhygienic sources, contribu;ng to the outbreak of Cholera and other water related infec;ons

  Na>on development. Nigeria may not meet up to one of the Millennium Development Goals on increasing access to Safe water by the 2015 deadline

Business World: Thursday, August 26th 2010


Nigeria Freshwater Resources The total rain precipita;on reaching Nigeria, can be separated into GREEN and BLUE water.

GREEN water (79%) is the frac;on of rainfall that generates soil moisture and which supports terrestrial ecosystems. It is not returned to groundwater and rivers, but will eventually evaporate or transpire through plants.

BLUE water (21%), is the frac;on that runs into rivers and aquifers, and that has a poten>al for withdrawal for societal use. Out of this, the environmental water flow is the amount of water needed to sustain ecosystem.

According to UN studies, in Nigeria, there

is a huge poten>al to increase the water withdrawal to meet current and future needs, s>ll in respect of ecosystem.

[Author: Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-‐Arendal]


  Integrated Water Management Policy

  Availability of Data, Feasibility Studies and Water Master Plan

  Funding for water projects and infrastructures

  Water distribu;on pipelines and wastewater collec;on networks

  Ageing of exis;ng water distribu;on networks   Maintenance of exis;ng Water Systems/Plants

  High Leakages and illegal connec;ons

  Clean Water and Environmental conserva;on/protec;on policy (emission in environment of contaminated waste waters)

  Waste Waters management (collec/on, treatment, re-‐u/liza/on and/or re-‐emission in the environment without contamina/on)

  Educa;on/Training of Water Managers/Operators

  POWER blackouts interrup;ng water plants/systems

Cri:cali:es Limi:ng Clean Water Supply in Nigeria

Business World: Thursday, August 26th 2010 [1] According to the Minister of Water Resources, 50% of Water supply is lost to wastages


The Water Management Policy i.   Introduc:on:






v.   Addendum


“... we can contain it, divert it, collect it, purify it, package it, transport it and

transform it, the only thing we can’t do is manufacture water, which makes

managing it an impera/ve ” [World Bank, “Water Program”, 2008]

23

The Central Role of Water Management in Sustainable Development



Source: United Na:ons Environmental Programme (UNEP), Rapid Response Assessment 2009

!   Water Management refers to the policies and ac>ons necessary to improve and op>mize the availability of drinkable water as well as to protect the water resources.

!   A proper Water Management needs the involvement of the Federal, States and Local administra>ons with an innova>ve approach that engage the public and private sector at na>onal and trans-‐boundary scale.

!   A wise Water Management shall take an ecosystem-‐based approach that extends from the watersheds to the sea and from the conserva>on of freshwater sources to the depura>on of wastewater, to be re-‐used or to be discharged in the environment without contamina>on.

!   Successful Water Management requires financing of appropriate water infrastructure which should incorporate design, construc>on, opera>on, maintenance, upgrading and/or decommissioning

…key to success: immediate ac:on and long term planning



…key to success: immediate ac:on and long term planning

!   Faced with rapid global change, Water Management needs to be planned and implemented to face the future scenarios: global pollu>on and dras>c reduc>on of fresh water resources

!   Water Management Planning policies and processes should focus to realize Water Management systems socially and environmentally oriented, as well as economically viable

!   Educa>ng people is crucial to reduce the waste of freshwater resources, the indiscriminate emission of polluted wastewater in the environment and preserve the quality/quan>ty of fresh water

Source: United Na:ons Environmental Programme (UNEP): Rapid Response Assessment.


Key messages (1/4)

1 Wastewater produc>on is rising

!   The Nigerian popula>on is projected to be 204.900.000 people by 2025 and is expected to exceed 281.600.000 people by 2050 [1]

!   Major growth will take place par>cularly in urban areas that already have inadequate wastewater Infrastructure

!   The financial, environmental and social costs are projected to increase drama>cally unless wastewater management receives urgent aXen>on


2 Wise and immediate investment will generate mul>ple future benefits

Immediate, targeted and sustained investments should take mul>ple forms. They should be designed to:

!   provide a plaoorm for the development of new and innova>ve technologies and water management prac>ces, network and plants

!   develop an efficient Clean Water distribu>on network !   reduce the volume and extent of water pollu>on through preventa>ve prac>ces, capture

water once it has been polluted and treat polluted water using appropriate technologies and techniques for return to the environment

!   If investments such as these are scaled up appropriately they will generate social, economic and environmental dividends far exceeding original investments for years to come

Credits: Corcoran, E., C. Nellemann, E. Baker, R. Bos, D. Osborn, H. Savelli (eds). 2010. Sick Water? The central role of wastewater management in sustainable development. A Rapid Response Assessment. United Na;ons Environment Programme, UN-‐HABITAT, GRID-‐Arendal. www.grida.no

Key messages (2/4)


3 Improved sanita>on and wastewater management are central to poverty reduc>on and improved human health

!   The poor are affected first and foremost by the wastewater problem. Over half of the world’s hospital beds are occupied by people suffering from water related diseases.

!   Diarrhoeal diseases make up over four per cent of the global disease burden, 90 percent of which is linked to environmental pollu>on, a lack of access to safe drinking water and sanita>on

!   Comprehensive and sustained water management in combina>on with sanita>on and hygiene is central to good health, food security, economic development and jobs

!   In terms of public spending on health issues, inves>ng in improved water management and the supply of safe and clean water provides par>cularly high returns

Key messages (3/4)


4 Successful and sustained water management will need an en>rely new dimension of investments, to start now

!   Currently, most of the water infrastructure in many of the Nigerian fastest growing ci>es is lacking. It is outdated, not designed to meet local condi>ons, poorly maintained and en>rely unable to keep pace with rising urban popula>ons

!   Worldwide experiences have shown that appropriate investments done in the right manner can provide the required returns

!   However, it will require not only investments, but careful and comprehensive integrated water planning and management at na>onal and municipal levels

!   This must transcend the en>re water supply and disposal chain involving ecosystem management (including coastal waters), agricultural efficiency and produc>on and a stronger focus on urban planning

Key messages (4/4)


Clean Water

THE WAY FORWARD i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


a)  Water Management Policy shall became a high priority to be implemented focusing at the future global challenges, such as the climate changes and fresh water scarcity

b)  Availability of drinkable water should be regarded as a fundamental Human Right and as an index of Social and Economical Development

c)  Fresh Water Preserva>on. Consider use of Depurated Water (not drinkable water) for farming/industry and/or re-‐emission in the environment of uncontaminated water as an essen;al factor for conserva>on of water sources, environment and poverty allevia>on

d) Adop/on of the 3 Rs’ policy: Reduce, Reuse & Recycle

31

The Way Forward (1/2)


d)  Conduct a comprehensive FEASIBILITY STUDY and MASTER PHASING PLAN on Nigeria, gathering all the crucial data's, hydrogeological maps of water sources, water distribu;on/collec;on channels, different climates and regions, etc., to iden;fy the best solu;on for Water Management in each zone of the Na;on.

e)  Fast implementa>on of the Water Systems Infrastructures: Water Depura/on or Desaliniza/on Plants, Clean Water Distribu/on Pipelines, Metering/Invoicing Systems, Wastewater Collec/on Network, Wastewater Treatment Plants, re-‐use or re-‐emission in environment of Depurated Water.

f)  Improve Maintenance and Management of all water systems (new and old).

g)  Training of Water Managers/Operators

h)  Educa>ng People on water preserva;on policy

32

The Way Forward (2/2)


The Water Management Cycle i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


The Water Management Cycle

“... we can contain it, divert it, collect it, purify it, package it, transport it and transform it, the only thing we can’t do is manufacture water which makes MANAGING it an impera;ve ” [World Bank, “Water Program”, 2008]



1.SOURCES

2. DEPURATION

4. Waste water Collec>on

3. Distribu>on/Use

-  Rivers -  Lakes -  Lagons -  boreholes -  Underground -  Rain -  …

-  Depuration -  Potabilistion -  Desalination

-  CONSUMERS -  Civil -  Industrial -  Agriculture

-  Waste Waters -  Grey Waters -  Rain Water

Metering Invoicing

5. TREATMENT

-  Civil -  Industrial -  Agriculture -  Fish farming and/or Back in Environment

6. Reuse/Recyle

CONSERVATION & DECREASING OF WATER

SOURCES POLLUTION


Sources

•  Boreholes, exis;ng acqueducts •  Lagoons, Rivers, Lakes, Sea •  Undergroud/ rain collec;on basin

Treatement

• Potabilisa;on • Depura;on/Desalinisa;on

Distribu>on

•  Clean water distribu;on network •  Metering/Invoicing •  Consumers

Waster Water

Collec>on

•  Wastewater collec;on network •  Savage collec;on network • Rain Water collec;on basins

Treatement

• Waste Water collec;on network • Waste Water depura;on/potabilisa;on • Energy Produc;on from Sludge

Treated Waters

•  Treated Water use in Agricolture / Industry/Farming/Fish farm •  Re-‐emission in the Environment

Untreated Waters

Clean Waters

Waste

Waters

RecycledWaters

Adduc>on, purifica>on, distribu>on & use

Collec>on, Recycle, Resue

Plants & distribu>

on Netw

ork Maintenance



Ins and outs

Clean Water(?)

today

Waste Waters Clean Water (?)

Drinkable Water (?)

Waste Waters

-‐boreholes -‐Rivers -‐…

Others


Ins and outs tomorrow

Waste Waters Treated Water

Drinkable Water

Waste Waters

Treatement Systems & Plants

Rain

Rivers Lagoons

Treated Water

Treated Water

Distribu;on Networks & Collec;on Basins

Waste Water Collec>on Network

+

Treatement Systems & Plants

Treated Water

Treated Water


DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

Water Cycles summary

CONSUMERS

WATER COLLECTION

WASTE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS

OTHER POINTS OF WATER COLLECTION

DRINKABLE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS

OTHER USES •  Irriga;on • Streets cleaning •  Farming •  Others (fish farming) • . Re-‐immision in Env,



boreholes Water Cycle

CONSUMERS

WATER COLLECTION



OTHER USES •  Irriga;on • Streets cleaning •  Farming •  Others (fish farming) • . Re-‐immision in Env, DRINKABLE WATER

TREATEMENT PLANTS

boreholes/Wells Rain Ground Water



Lagoon Water Cycle

CONSUMERS

WATER COLLECTION




TREATEMENT PLANTS

Rain

Salt Water Lagoon

DESALINATION



River/Lake Cycle

CONSUMERS

WATER COLLECTION




TREATEMENT PLANTS


(Water Management Systems & Plants)

Water Sources i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


1.  Supply from groundwater or springs 2.  Supply from superficial flow

1.  Rivers and lakes 2.  Ar;ficial basins 3.  Sea

44

Sources of Water Supply

Surface spring Superficial groundwater(FF) Deep groundwater(FA)


Collec:on by superficial flow

Filtering trench

River

Surface spring

45


Collec:on by natural or ar:ficial basins

46


Desalina:on The availability of natural freshwater on the planet is very small. 97% is salt water, while most of the remaining 3% is in the form of ice or otherwise hardly available. It is es;mated that only 0.3% of the planet is in the form easily drinkable, and at this availability is uneven distributed so as to create zones of absolute cri;cality.

Therefore, clearly one of the future sources of drinking water can only be the sea through desalina;on plants.


Desalina:on

Desalina;on, desaliniza;on, or desalinisa;on refers to any of several processes that remove excess salt and other minerals from water. Water is desalinated in order to convert salt water to fresh water so it is suitable for human consump;on or irriga;on. Most of the modern interest in desalina;on is focused on developing cost-‐effec;ve ways of providing fresh water for human use in regions where the availability of fresh water is, or is becoming, limited

Sources

Desaliniza:on plant

Fresh Water



Water Depura:on i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


Clean Water for all -‐ TODAY

Nigeria situa>on – COUNTLESS CASE STUDY

Ineffec>ve and wasteful distribu>on network

Scarcity of safe Water and Waste Water systems


CASE 1: Developing or Rural areas

Problems: a) Absent or inadequate sources b) No/lean purifica;on and control

sta;ons

c) No adduc;on network d) No/lean distribu;on network e) No in home network

f)  No/lean water waste collec;on g)  Low waste water depura;on

Solu>ons: Phase A: 1. Purifica;on and quality control

sta;ons

2.  Individua;on of new sources and/or sources connec;on (Adduc;on Network)

Phase B: 1. Distribu;on Network & Waste Water

Network Phase C:

1. Waste water reuse


1 CLEANING WATER SYSTEM & CONTROL SYSTEM

A Sanita;on sta;on

Exis;ng source

New distribu;on point

52


A

2 NEW SOURCES & SOURCES CONNECTIONS

New source

Storage water Tank

Network adduc;on


DISTRIBUTION NETWORK & WASTE WATER COLLECTION

Distribu;on network & waste water collec;on

Depura;on Point


CASE 2: Residen:al areas with exis:ng distribu:on network

Problems: a) Un-‐controlled sources b) Not integrated sources c)  Inefficient network

d) Liule storage capacity e) Low consump;on op;miza;on f)  Environmental problems

Solu>ons: Phase A:

1.  Individua;on of new sources and/or sources connec;on (Adduc;on Network, rain included)

Phase B:

1. Op;miza;on Distribu;on Network & Waste Water Network

Phase C: 1. Waste water reuse


1 CONNECTION, INTEGRATION AND DRINKING WATER SOURCES

Sanita;on sta;on

Exis;ng source

New source

Network adduc;on

Storage water Tank

56


DISTRIBUTION NETWORK & WASTE WATER COLLECTION

Distribu;on network & waste water collec;on

Depura;on Point


CASE 3: Urban areas with inefficient underground u:li:es

Problems: a) Problem in water providing

b) Networks issue c)  Sewage problem

d) Recovery problem

Solu>ons: Phase A:

1. Verifica;on and adapta;on of exis;ng networks

2.  Integra;on of conveying system with the accumula;on and compensa;on system

Phase B:

1. Distribu;on Network Op;miza;on & Waste Water Collec;on

Phase C:

1. Waste water reuse


PLANNING THE FUTURE

Problems:

a) Increased consump;on b) Possible reduc;on of freshwater sources

c) Increased pollu;on

Solu>ons:

1.  Planning areas of development with savings policy

a)  New rules for the development areas

b)  Savings educa;on c)  Increased efficiency of

water management



Clean Water Storage & Distribu:on Network





v.   Addendum


Con:nuous Water Supply– Storage Water Tanks

Ground Tank Tower Tank

61


Ground Tank: design

1.  Maintenance (2 tanks or by-‐pass)

2.  Level control, pump opera;on and quality

3.  Sizing

62


Tower Tank design

1.  Maintenance (2 tanks or by-‐pass)

2.  Level control, pump opera;on and quality

3.  Sizing (height and volume)

63



Quality Control, metering, invoicing & informa:on systems





v.   Addendum


Flow control systems

Flow control spring Flow control and quality accumula>on

Flow control

Quality control

C.P.U Data transmission

Solar panels to supply con;nuity

65


Quality Control Systems 1.  Turbidity 2.  PH 3.  Temperature 4.  Dissolved oxygen 5.  Residual chlorine 6.  Electrical conduc;vity

66


Metering and invoicing Water management process is also composed by the following phases:   metering   invoicing   unsolved management

Due to the high number of water consumers, a remote metering system is suggested, in order to gain a more effec;ve and ;me saving invoicing process


Control and metering system: an example

C.P.U

Data transmission

Motorized valve

Consump;on measure

68


Remote Metering & Data Collec:on

  Remote metering is a metering system that allows to the Water management Company to control and manage by radio-‐frequency signals all the data related to water consume   Remote metering could be walk-‐by, drive-‐by, or steady, depending from the kind of installed meters


Metering and unsolved management (1/2) Remote meters could also be used to open/close water distribu>on pipes in case of unsolved invoices and payment claims


Metering and insolved management (2/2) PROS

•  Remote control and metering •  Remote control of the pipeline network condi;on •  leaking and spilling detec;on •  Geographic Informa;on System alimenta;on •  Remote closure in case of unsolved •  Enables pre-‐paid card payment systems •  Auto diagnos;c meters (in case of removal or damage)

CONS •  high cost of realiza;on •  power con;nuity not garanted even with solar energy system (solar panels) •  cost of sensor maintenance/replacement in case of damage

We would suggest: 1.  remote metering and invoicing 2.  “flying squad” for open/closure of

the water supply in case of billing non-‐ payment


Water distribu:on network on Geographic Informa:on System -‐ GIS

An efficient and effec;ve Water Network Management can not renounce to realize a comprehensive Geographic Informa;on System that should embrace: !   clean water plants !   clean water pipelines !   wastewater plants !   wastewater pipelines !   water adduc;on sites (boreholes, lagoons, rivers…) !   end point – users loca;ons (meters)


Water distribu:on network on Geographic Informa:on System -‐ GIS

The Water Distribu;on Network GIS should go through the following phases, aimed to implement the system: !   satellite or aerial photography: in order to obtain the ground morphology detec;on !   exis>ng pipelines detec>on and digitalizing: in order to know the “as is” !   exis>ng plants survey and digitalizing: in order to know and catalog the state of things !   new plants and pipelines digitalizing: in order to have all network and plant on an single control system (GIS)


Water distribu:on network maintenance and GIS

The Water Distribu;on Network GIS will permit a more effec;ve and efficient maintenace of the en;re water supply system: !   water plants !   water pipelines !   spilling detec>on !   leakage detec>on !   maintenance programs !   hardware update campaigns !   pipelines surveillance



Waste Water Collec:on i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


Wastewater collec:on network

Wastewater collec;on network are designed to remove precipita;on water and waste water from urbanized areas and deliver them in receiving water bodies or sewage facili;es. A system of urban drainage is formed by the works of rainwater and wastewater that are entered in the urban trunks, by the manufactured hydraulic control (rolling tanks, storm drains, manholes washing) by collectors of expulsion from the inhabited centre.

Analysis Planning


Wastewater collec:on network

Building



Waste Water Treatment i.   Introduc:on:






v.   Addendum


1.  Wastewater collec;on systems 2.  purifica;on systems 3.  Re-‐use of purified water 4.  The problem of sludge

79

Waste Water collec:on and treatment: tradi:onal systems


Water Water Line

1 2

3

4 Sludge Line

Sludge

1

2

3 4 Gas Line

Energy 1

1

Disinfec;on

2 1°sedimenta;on

3 Ac;vated sludge

4 Final sedimenta;on

1

Drying

2 Sludge Thickener

3 Digestor

4 De-‐hydrata;on

1 Gasometer

W.W.

350 m 350 m

Waste Water treatment

80

500.000 persons Plant example


Introducing our capabili:es in Water Treatment System

Using different Technologies we have realized systems with the capability to obtain Drinkable or Depurated water for general purposes (i.e. irriga;on/farming, Industry), for distribu;on to rural areas, villages, communi;es and ci;es, from any challenging Water (Sweet or Salt water) Sources namely: !  Lagoons !  Boreholes !  Polluted Waters (i.e. oil) !  River, Sea, Ocean !  Rain water !  Waste Waters etc.


A Smart System for Wastewater Treatment

On the Leu: Grauna® Plant opera>ng in Calvi since 2002, part of a 3 -‐ Plant System, one of which serving the Industrial Area

On the Right: Part of the Sala Bolognese conven>onal Plant


Key improvements on tradi:onal Deep Shah

Deep Shau Tradi>onal System

New

Reactor Diameter a few meters Less than 1 meter

Equaliza;on not included included

Hence, Graúna® keeps the advanteges that made Deep Shau very interes>ng

Footprint minimum minimum

Effec;veness excellent excellent

But, also, it eliminates the serious weaknesses that have caused Deep Shau’s decline

Building Difficult Simple

Waterproofing of Reactor

impossible Absolute

Flexibility to Peak Flows

limited excellent

83


Examples of Plants’ Modular approach Experience

Nissoria – 4,000 Inhabitants – 1 Reactor S. Giuseppe J. – 15,000 Inhabitants – 2 Reactors

Barcellona P.G. – 60,000 Inhabitant Sec>on 6 Reactors Barcellona P.G. , 30,000 Inhabitant Sec>on 3 Reactors

84


Easy Excava:on with standard Equipment

•  Foto Costruzione di u Pozzo profondo tradizionale

( Leu ) To drill a Grauna® Reactor’s hole ( max Diameter 1100 mm ) a standard Unit is sufficient

( Right ) For tradi>onal Deep Shau a complex Opera>on is necessary and Waterproofing is impossible

85


Qualita:ve Comparison with other WWT Systems

Plant Tradi>onal Biofiltra>on Membranes Best

Effec>veness -‐ BOD all

Effect.ess -‐ Nitrogen (*) Biofiltra>on

Footprint, Env.Impact Grauna®

Water Quality Membranes

Sludge Produc;on Grauna®

Resistance to Sand Grauna®

Building Cost Grauna®

Opera;ng Cost Grauna®

(*) Versione Nitro

86


Fast Ramp up of Depura:on Process

B.O.D. Abatement (%)

Plant Start up

12 days

91% Data from Lucena Plant Recorded by the Operator ( AXA ) April 2009

Photo of the Plant on Start up Day ( Apr 8th, 2009 )

The Client has chosen to have the Equipment Building on the side of the Opera>ng Tanks ( and not above them, as normal ) and to leave the Tanks uncovered

87


Reduc:on of Footprint through improvement in all Sec:ons

Footprint ( Grauna® vs Tradi>onal ) Index: Tradi>onal = 100%

Pre-‐Treatments

Biological Sec>on

Sludge Line

Service Areas

Total Area as a consequence of the smaller Area ( e.g. fences ) and Plant simplicity

Grauna Tradi;onal

Pre-‐thickener: not necessary ( Graúna® Sludge: SVI 30% ) Digestor: not necessary ( Diges;on inside the Reactor ) Thickener and Dehydra>on: Smaller, thanks to the lower amount of Sludge

Roughly the same

Replacement of the en>re Sec>on with a Grauna® Reactor

Environmental Impact

88


Environmental Impact: Comparison between equivalent Plants

30 X 25 Complete

Preliminary Treatments

Ter;ary Sec;on

89

Somma>no Tradi>onal

S. Giuseppe Jato Grauna

Somma>no 90 X 60 meters

The two Plants treat the Wastewater from 15,000 Inhabitants, and are being built respec>vely by Jato Ambiente (S. Giuseppe ) and Idrica ( Somma>no ). All Data and Specs are fundamentally equivalent. The Footprint figures refers for S. Giuseppe to the complete Plant, for Somma>no to Biological Sec>on & Sludge Line as the laXer Plant has a Ter>ary Sec>on and some special Pre-‐treatments

Footprint (sqm)

Open Vats (sqm)

Sludge Prod. (tons/yr)

5000

750

Over 1200

50 (covered by grand>ng)

250

900/1150


Calvi: 3 Plants for 11,000 People, following the Terrain

Examples C2

C1

C3

Township of Calvi

1st Plant Side “ A “ of the Town Right by the main Road

2nd Plant Side “ B “ of the Town within the Town itself

3rd Plant Industrial Area

Sella

Flat Area

Natural Hydraulic Flows

90


Monterosi: a Plant on the Fairway of a Golf Course

Residen>al Development ” Terra dei Consoli “ ( Viterbo, close to Rome ) 4,500 Inhabitants Developer: Caltagirone Group (one of the largest constructor in Italy)

The Plant is set on the Fairway of the Golf Course ( being built ) and the Treated Water will be used for the Golf course itself and for the Gardens. In opera>on since 2007

91


Possibility to improve Exis:ng Plants Retrofit Poten>al

Grauna® can be installed in parallel to the Exis;ng Line, sharing Pre – Treatments and Sludge Line. Very important Capacity Increase can be achieved within the same Area

A G – Turbo® can be installed whenever a Plant performance is below needs due to its Biological Sec;on. This can happen for many reasons, from Inflow change to wrong Plant Design

The Issue of Sludge is very dependent on each Country’s situa>on. E.U. Markets tend to be very Sludge sensi;ve due to the cost of its elimina;on and to the increasing lack of Dumping Sites

Grauna®

G – Turbo®

G – Ready®

92

Increase Plant capacity

Target

Improve Plant Efficiency

Reduce Sludge Produc>on


A Real example of Capacity increase: Barcellona P.G.

The Plant Capacity has ben increased from 25,000 to 114,000 ( Project Specifica;on Figure, in prac;ce the Plant treats Wastewater equivalent to about 150,000 People )

The Grauna® Sec;ons can treat respec;vely 30 and 60,000 People. They have been built on the exis;ng drying Beds. Compare the size of the 30K Sec;on to the Area of the exis;ng Plant of the same Capacity

The capacity of the Sludge Line has not been increased, and this confirms Grauna®’s extremely small Sludge produc;on. The mechanical dehydra;on System has been replaced with a new one, being the old one in bad condi;ons.

Grauna® Sec>on

Preliminay Treatments

Sludge Line

93


A recent example of “ Mission Impossible “ ( La Pisana, 2009 )

WWT Plant La Pisana Owner: City of Rome Managed by ACEA S.p.A. Present Capacity: 5,000

Solu>on Grauna® System ( footprint about 4% of the original Plant )

Problem New Capacity needed: 5,000 Available Area: none (due to not-‐op;mized posi;oning of the exis;ng Plant )

Grauna®

94


Reduc:on of Opera:ng Costs Economics

95

Example: Barcellona P.G. Actual Consump>on: 15 – 20 Kwh per treated Inhabitant per year Vs Industry norms 20 – 40 ( Anaer. Diges;on ) 40 – 70 ( Aerobic Dig. )

100

65-‐75

100

25-‐30

75-‐80

100

Tradi;onal (T = 100) Grauna (G)

Power Consump;on

Sludge produc;on

Maintenance


Very low Sludge Produc:on, with significant Savings

The Opinion of an Expert: Prof. P. Vio} (report to FILAS)

“ Graúna® has shown, in the Plants in opera;on, its capability to reduce Sludge produc>on by as much as 75%, vs a tradi;onal Plant “

“ The Sludge is not only less in amount, but it is also heavily digested and mineralized, as demonstrated by its SSV of 30%, as opposed to a normal 70% for tradi;onal Systems “

Full Documenta>on on file

… and the suppor>ng Facts

Barcellona P.G. – Sludge produc>on ( tons / year )

Over 5,000

750 / 900

Calcolated value (*) Real Value

(*) at 0,6 Kg of dry Mauer per Kg of abated BOD

96


Easy maintenance: a real Example

  Completed: November 2005, tested under E.U. Supervision and operated since 2005

  Maintenance: by local Personnel, with no support from EG staff ( War Area )   Performance of the Plant: excellent

2006 2007 2008 2009

In Out

BOD Abatement

Over 90%

“ The System operates since the end of 2005, with no problems “

Mr. A. Berro, Plant Manager

Batroun ( Lebanon )

97


Treatement Sludges: driving a problem to an opportunity

  Sludge as a result of the water depuration process is commonly deemed as a problem, as rubbish that needs a place where to be buried, causing environmental problems itself   Thanks to our technologies and capabilities, we consider sludge as a valuable energy resource   We are able to produce energy from sludge indeed, gaining two outturns:

  huge reduction of sludge quantity that has to be treated   energy production

98


Ozone Treatment

  Ligh;ngs are the most important source of Ozone in Atmosphere   The Ozonosphere absorbs UV-‐C radiant allowing life out of water

99


Ozone Applica:ons FARMING

  Food and Farming   Soil and Agriculture   Wastewater Treatment   Air and Room Deodoriza;on (smoke and mould smell)   Bacteria and Patogens Elimina;on from Air and Water

BIOTECHNOLOGY   Disinfec;on and Decontamina;on of Plants   Water Disinfec;on at low Temperature   Deodoriza;on of Gas Emissions and Odors Emana;ng

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS  Electrophilic and Nucleophilic reac;ons   Oxida;on of Aroma;cs dipolar cycloaddi;on of ozone on unsaturated bonds   Oxida;on of Double Bonds

100


Property Ozone Oxygen

Molecular Formula: O3 O2

Molecular Weight: 48 32

Color: light blue colorless

Smell: - photocopy machines - smell after lightnings - odorless

Solubility (0°C): 0.64 0.049

Density (g/l): 2.144 1.429

Ozone Advantages

  Ac;ve Against: Bacteria, Yeast, Moulds and Virus   Fast Disinfec;on Time   Repeatable and Reliable Treatments   Low Opera;ng Costs   Low Temperature Disinfec;on   No Residual Compounds   No Chemical Storage

101


Proposed ROADMAP i.   Introduc:on:





v.   Addendum


Proposed Roadmap: in brief

• Consultancy & Feasibility Study • Master & Strategic Water Plan • Water Management Policies defini;on

• 2-‐3 Plants construc>on (first 12 months)

Short Term

(24 Months)

• Master & Strategic Water Plan implementa;on startup • Water Management System (WMS) Design & construc;on • Water Management Informa;on & Maintenance Design

Medium Term

(+60 Months)

• Water Management Policies Implementa;on • Water Management System overall extension • Environmental & Water Mngmt policies merging • Exis;ng WMS maintenance

Long Term

(+120 Months) 103



104

Master plan



• Consultancy & Feasibility Study • Master & Strategic Water Plan • 2 Depura;on/Potabilisa;on Plants construc;on

Short Term

(24 Months)

• Water Management Policies defini;on • Master & Strategic Water Plan implementa;on startup • Water Management System (WMS) Design & construc;on • Water Management Informa;on & Maintenance Design

Medium Term

(+60 Months)

• Water Management Policies Implementa;on • Water Management System overall extension • Environmental & Water Mngmt policies merging • Exis;ng WMS maintenance

Long Term

(+120 Months) 105

QUICK GOALS & LONG TERM THINKING


Proposed Roadmap: short term (24 months) – 1/3   Consultancy, (rolling) Master planning & feasibility study

  Hydrologic cycle and situa;on survey and analysis   Geomorphology & clima;c analysis   Demographic situa;on and trends   Water sources quality analysis (pollu;on, chemicals…)   Satellite & aerial laser scanning, ground & water sampling…   Clean water distribu;on network as is survey and gap analysis   Waste water collec;on network as is survey and gap analysis   Exis;ng water treatment plants survey and gap analysis   Overall gap analysis and recovery plan   Town-‐and-‐country Water planning   Water sources localiza;on (lagoons, rivers…)   Water treatment plants design & construc;on scheduling   Water distribu;on networks design & construc;on planning   Exis;ng boreholes/wells network design

106


Proposed Roadmap: short term (24 months) – 2/3   (rolling) Master planning & feasibility study

  Water collec;on basins loca;on and planning   Waste waters collec;on networks design & construc;on planning   Overall maintenance policies defini;on & implementa;on   Water Management Informa;on Systems planning & design   Water quality control system design   Drinkable water meter & invoicing system design   Environmental & behavioral policies defini;on   Water cycle policies defini;on & house building new rules (es. rain collec;on)   Interna;onal funding opportuni;es scou;ng   Realiza;on Priori;es iden;fica;on (based on technical informa;on & parameters)   3 years ahead plants & networks design & construc;on plan (based on technical informa;on & parameters gathered from the pilot projects and the master plan analysis)

107


Proposed Roadmap: short term (24 months) – 3/3

  Pilot Projects   design, procurement, construc;on, rollout & maintenance of 2-‐3 plants (12 months)

  Depura>on/Potabiliza>on Mobile plants installa>on   procurement, installa;on, rollout & maintenance   moving & installa;on to others sites

108


Proposed Roadmap: medium term (+60 months)   Master Plan upda>ng & implementa>on

  Water treatment plants design & building (~ 20 plants)   Water distribu;on networks design & construc;on (~ 4 ci;es)   Waste waters collec;on networks design & construc;on (~ 4 ci;es)   Exis;ng boreholes/wells network realiza;on   Water Management Informa;on Systems design & implementa;on   Water quality control system design & implementa;on   Drinkable water meter & invoicing system realiza;on   Interna;onal funding applica;on process start up   Water management maintenance systems & processes implementa;on

  Energy Plants (from sludge) design and building (~ 4 plants)   Water culture & consciousness crea>on:

  3Rs water culture diffusion: Reuse, Reduce, Recycle   water management basics @ school

109


Proposed Roadmap: long term (+120 months)

  Master Plan (con>nuous) upda>ng & implementa>on from lesson learned   (Smart) Water Management Systems & Infrastructures extension to whole Nigeria   Broaden access to safe water to all Nigerians   Overall water culture spreading   Steady Environmental pollu>on reduc>on   Energy from sludge produc>on   Water related diseases gradual abatement   Water Management master degree ac>va>on at University   Environmental & Socio-‐Economic policies merging   Interna>onal funds aXrac>on

…in other words: WATER FOR ALL 110


Thank You!

ENoLL FAO Joint Workshop Ivan Pilati

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Transcript of ENoLL FAO Joint Workshop Ivan Pilati