Enlightened despotism

Enlightened despotism6.5

PETSFrederick the Great, Catherine the Great, Joseph II, enlightened despotism

Who are they?Enlightened Despots absolute rulers who rule with the good of the people in mind

They still believed that people could not rule themselves

Enlightened Despot researchYour country group will be assigned an enlightened despot. Answer the following questions about your person in your notes.The country they ruledThe years they ruledFOUR reforms which perhaps helped secure individual rights and better the lives of the peopleTWO failures from their reignEach despot has a special question. Answer that question after the above four questions.Do NOT include foreign policy (wars) in your answers.Special QuestionsFrederick the GreatWhat was the overall goal of Frederick the Greats reforms? Give three examples.Catherine the GreatDescribe the Pugachev Rebellion and how it impacted her view of the peasantry.Maria TheresaHow did Maria Theresa centralize her rule in the diverse Austrian empire? Provide two examples.Joseph IIWhat happened to many of Joseph IIs reforms once he died?Finally.QuizEnlightened Despotism DiscussionWriting Activity?

Random Fact of the DayMiddlesboro, KY is the only city in the United States built within a meteor crater.

Frederick the Great Prussiar. 1740-1786Influence of the Enlightenment on his personalityClaimed himself to be the first servant of the stateGOAL OF REFORMS increase power of the statePeasants didnt see many improvements

Frederick the GreatAllowed religious freedomsNot for Jews thoughPromoted education in schools/universitiesCodified and streamlined lawsFreed serfs on the crowns lands so they could fightReduced censorshipAbolished capital punishmentRequired examinations for civil servants

What the King Conquered, the Prince Shaped, the Field Marshal defended, the Soldier saved and united.Catherine the Great RussiaR. 1762-1796The least enlightened of the despots of the late 18th century

German princess who became queen after having husband Peter III assassinatedLover of French cultureRefused to speak German/Russian

Catherine the GreatPugachev Rebellion (1773)Huge serf uprising led by Eugene PugachevLandlords/officials murdered all over SW Russia

After rebellion put down, Catherine gave COMPLETE control of serfs to the boyars

Catherine ends any enlightened support for serfs

Catherine The GreatOther Things She DidImported western culture to RussiaSupported first private printing pressesRestricted use of tortureLimited religious toleration civil equality for Jews

ShortcomingsOnly the state and government benefitsCondition of serfdom becomes more severe

Maria Theresa austriar. 1740-1780Assumed the Hapsburg empire from her father, Charles VIPragmatic Sanction of 1713Rule is characterized as conservative and cautious seeks to improve lives of her people but NOT considered enlightened despotCentralized control of Hapsburg EmpireLimited power of nobles and Catholic ChurchPromoted economic developmentGive serfs some freedoms make them more productive

Joseph IIR. 1780-1790Abolished serfdom in 1781Opposed by peasants b/c leftover dues had to be paid in cash, not laborFreedom of civic rights for Protestants and JewsFreedom of the pressAbolished torture & death penaltyEstablished mental institutionsMade parks and gardens available to the public

Joseph iiAfter Joseph IIs death, Austria struggled in many wars and came close to losing parts of her empire

Leopold II had to undo many of Joseph IIs reforms to keep control of the empire

Writing ActivityWrite an INTRODUCTION to ONE of the following prompts. Use BART in setting up your intro.To what extent is the term enlightened despot appropriate when describing the reigns of Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great, and Joseph II?