ENGLAND CHILDCARE

PHILOSOPHY OF ENGLAND’S

CHILDCARE

INDIVIDUALISM Curriculum based on child’s individual

needs Chosen by the child based on cues and

interest

FREE PLAY Children learn through self-initiated play

The environment becomes the third teacher

DEVELOPMENTALISM

Children should pass through phases Ordered sequence leads to logical thinking

ACCESSIBILITY TO CHILDCARE

Folks, you’ve got options Early years education for children Full time day care Short term day care Health and family support Parenting Advice Training and employment advice

ACCESSIBILITY IN ONTARIO

14,000 children receiving subsidies 22,000 new child care spaces in 3 years Standardized income testing maximizes

number of families Financial assistance based on family’s

net income $2 million investment for French

language schools

ACCESSIBILITY IN ENGLAND

3 &4 year olds can receive 15 hours of free ECE

Parents can apply for “flexibility working”

Employers may provide benefits such as direct payment for child care fees

2008: parents could choose how to organize child maintenance

2010: parents can keep their child maintenance with no affect to their job

HISTORY OF ENGLAND'S CHILDCARE

1816 Robert Owen opened a child care centre

for cotton mill workers Children age 1-6 were taken care of

while the older children worked

1870 The Education Act made elementary

school mandatory for children 5 to 13 After inspection and the different needs

and levels of education, children under 5 were excluded

1911 Margaret and Rachel McMillan opened a

child care centre for underprivileged children

Her model was taken from socialist belief

Play was allowed outdoors with no schedule

1960 Decrease in family size lead to closures

of many child care centres after World War II

The value of play became more widespread

Belle Tutaev organized a playgroup which was held at a local church

1970 & 1980 Margaret Thatcher, secretary of state,

proposed that by 1980 there would be child care places for 50% of 3 year olds and 90% of 4 years olds

Non-statutory preschool was neglected and under developed

1990 Government brought in first stage of

Nursery Voucher Parents were allowed to use vouchers

worth $2,500( US dollars) for 3 semesters of part time education for their 4 year olds

In 1997, government ended Nursery Voucher and made child care and early education publicly funded

ROLES & TRAINING

Teacher is advisor and facilitator Adult must foster children’s inner drive,

not impair it An educator must be responsible for

effective instruction, training, evaluation and supervised duties

ROLES &TRAINING Qualities of and educator include - enjoy working with children - sense of commitment - high level of energy - sense of humour -patient & ability to multi-task

TRAINING Requirements of educators must have 2

year ECE credentials Level 3 qualification or above

PROGRAM STRUCTURE England Program Structure - child centred - emphasize children’s interest - free play - first hand experience - integrated learning

PROGRAM STRUCTURE Structured curriculum Environment that helps mental and

physical development Schedules filled with appropriate

activities

BIBLIOGRAPHY England's Philosophy http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/v4n2/kwon.html Canada’s Philosophy http://www.ngcplc.ca/pdf/Philosophy.pdf Roles & Training http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teacher1. Kwon, Young-Ihm. "ECRP. Vol 4 No 2. Changing Curriculum for Early Childhood Education in

England." ECRP. Early Childhood Research & Practice. Cambridge University, 1 June 2007. Web. 03 Nov. 2011. <http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/v4n2/kwon.html>.

2. Drury, Rose; Miller, Linda; & Campbell, Robin (Eds.). (2000). Looking at early years education and care. London: David Fulton.

3. Early Years Curriculum Group. (1998). First things first: Educating young children. Oldham, England: Madeleine Lindley.

4. "Increasing Access to High Quality Child Care." Ontario.ca Newsroom | Ontario.ca Salle De

Presse. Ministry of Children and Youth Services, 09 June 2008. Web. 16 Nov. 2011.

<http://news.ontario.ca/mcys/en/2008/07/increasing-access-to-high-quality-child-

care.html>.

5. "Childcare." Website of the UK Government : Directgov. Web. 16 Nov. 2011.

<http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Parents/Childcare/index.htm>.