1.Presented By Sachin Mewara Manager-Instrumentation Shree Mega Power ENERGY SCENARIO

2. Contents 2 What is Energy : Types Primary and Secondary energy Commercial and Non commercial energy Renewable and Non- Renewable World Energy Consumption Regional Energy Consumption Energy terms Conventional source of energy Energy and economics Commercial form of energy Global Energy Consumption Per Capita Energy Consumption Need to reform in energy sector Global Energy Crises Kyoto Protocol Energy Scenario in India 3. Contents 3 Electricity Act 2003 Energy Conservation Act 2001 Future energy resource Renewable energy and sustainable development Renewable Energy in India Wind Energy Biomass Power Programme Small Hydro Plant Solar Power Jawahar Lal Nehru National Solar Mission Renewable Energy Policy Framework Research organization Conclusion 4. What is Energy : Types 4 It is a capacity to do work In modern era people depend upon energy Fossil fuel like coal, oil & natural gas are main source of energy Energy can be classified into several types based on the following criteria: 1. Primary and Secondary energy 2. Commercial and Non commercial energy 3. Renewable and Non-Renewable energy 5. Primary and Secondary energy 5 Primary energy source are those that are either found or stored in nature. Common primary sources are Coal, natural Gases, Oil, Nuclear, Biomass etc. Primary energy sources are mostly converted in industrial utilities in SECONDARY energy. Common secondary energy are Electricity, Steam etc. 6. Commercial and Non commercial energy 6 The energy available in market for a definite price is call commercial energy. Common Commercial energies are Coal, Electricity and refined petroleum products. The energy, not available is commercial market is called non commercial energy. Firewood, cattle dunk and agriculture waste comes under this category. These kind of energy is often ignored in energy accounting. 7. Renewable and Non-Renewable energy 7 Renewable energy is energy obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible. Examples of renewable resources include wind power, solar power, geothermal energy, tidal power and hydroelectric power. Non-renewable energy is the conventional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas, which are likely to deplete with time. 8. World Energy Consumption 8 9. Regional Energy Consumption 9 10. Energy Terms 10 *Energy Intensity : Total Primary Energy Consumption per Dollar of GDP. It is an indicator to show how efficiently energy is used in the economy. * Reserve to Production ratio: It is the ratio of energy reserve available to the energy produced in current year. Expressed in terms of time and indicator of life of reserve availability if production continuous on same rate. 11. Conventional Source of Energy 11 Coal, oil and natural gas are the major source of energy from longtime Still 80% energy requirement is fulfill by fossil fuel Coal play a major role to run thermal power plant Due to rapid industrialization, consumption increase manifold Oil and gas decide the economic condition of country These resources are limited and must be conserve 12. Energy and Economics 12 Energy is essential for Economic growth Economics growth is essential for country like India Ratio of energy demand and GDP is useful indicator for Economics growth Per Capita Energy Consumption of USA 13246 kwh/Year India Per capita consumption is about 684kwh/Year Economic growth of country is depend upon rate of improvement in per capita energy consumption 13. Commercial form of Energy 13 Energy resource which is economical and technically acceptable is known as commercial fuel i.e. , after the invention of IC engine, oil become a commercial fuel For sustainable growth, people look forward for new available form of energy Nuclear and hydro energy is one of the clean fuel and have a future 14. Global Energy Consumption 14 There is uneven pattern of energy consumption in different country Developed country have a population of 20%, use approx. 60% of the available resources Rate of growth in energy sector in developed country is 1% to 2%, but in developing country growth rate is 7 to 8%. 15. 15 684 680 3298 7081 7848 10720 13246 14030 9389 0 5000 10000 15000 India Indonesia China Germany Japan Australia USA Sweden United Arab Emirates Per Capita Energy Consumption (kWh) Per Capita Energy Consumption (kWh) 16. Need to reform in Energy sector 16 Developing countries require substantial investments in their power sectors to sustain economic growth and reduce poverty Fossil fuels are depleted and need proper care Global pollution level increase and there is threat of global warming Kyoto Protocol sign by country to reduce carbon emission 17. Global Energy Crises 17 Global Energy requirement increases continuously Fuel resources are depleted Oil price increase continuously It put pressure on country economic Oil war start (developed country pressurized oil rich country) World oil and gas reserves are estimated at just 45 years and 65 years respectively. Coal is likely to 18. Kyoto Protocol 18 First legal international agreement on climate protection It aim to reduce the level of Green House Gas emission Annex-B country must limit there emissions of GHG, most notably CO2 from fossil fuel combustion Annex-B country reduce GHG emission by 5.2% on 1990 average (achieve goal by 2012) There is system for carbon credit It lack economic and environmental policy objective 19. Energy Scenario in India 19 India is a seventh largest country and have a population of 1.2 billion people To maintain growth rate, need rapid growth in energy sector 20. Energy scenario in India 20 41% of electricity generation from thermal power plant. By 2016-2017, total domestic energy production of 670 million tons of oil equivalent (MTOE). This meet only 71% of the expected demand. As per the 2011 Census, 55.3% rural households had access to electricity Still most of the rural area have limited supply hours of electricity India ready to exploit renewable energy resources 21. Electricity ACT 2003 21 Role of Government : National Electricity Policy and tariff policy Rural electrification Splitting the structure: Genco, Transco and Discos Consumer protection Trading and market development Formation of Central Electricity Authority (CEA) Restructuring of State Electricity Board (SEB) Measures against theft of electricity Renewable energy utilization 22. Energy Conservation Act 2001 22 much-needed legal framework and institutional arrangement for embarking on an energy efficiency drive Energy auditing for designated consumer like energy intensive industry, railway, commercial building, Power Plant etc. Establishment of Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) Role of BEE: standard and labels of appliances, undertake promotional activity, prepare building 23. Future Energy Resources 23 Current rate of fossil fuel usage will lead to an energy crisis in this century Energy industry start inventing new ways to extract energy from renewable sources Due to lack of technology and economic consideration, total shift toward renewable energy is not possible Nuclear energy have a future Solar thermal plant, wind energy play a crucial role to satisfy the energy demand 24. Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development 24 Sustainable Development: to meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future Effect of conventional source of energy: air pollution, acid precipitation, ozone depletion, forest destruction, and emission of radioactive substances There is shortage of energy in near future more use of renewable energy sources and technologies is one of the solution Renewable energy is a direct or indirect form of solar energy Research is going on to make renewable energy economical Once technology develop in renewable energy field, it help in national sustainable economic growth 25. Renewable Energy in India 25 Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) come in picture in 2006 It work to increase the share of renewable energy 3.74 1.77 2.39 0.21 2.21 19.93 0 5 10 15 20 25 Output in GW 26. Wind Energy 26 India have a wind potential of 50 GW at 50m height Costal region in southern part of India is one of the best site of wind energy India is a fifth largest wind power producer in world Wind energy sector is one of the fastest growing renewable energy sector Assessment of wind energy resource is done by C- WET (Centre for Wind Energy Technology) R&D and testing is done by C-WET 27. Biomass Power Programme 27 Objective of harnessing grid quality power from biomass Biomass material like bagasse, rice husk, cotton and jute waste, de oiled cakes etc. are used to produce energy Bagasse based cogeneration in sugar mill have a potential of 5000 MW Biogas based generation in village using animal waste 28. Small Hydro Plant 28 Hydro plant of capacity less than 25 MW Estimated potential of small hydro plant is 20 GW It help to provide electricity in remote area Government plant to electrify boarder village of Arunachal Pradesh using small hydro plant AHEC (Alternative Hydro Energy Centre),IIT Roorkee is work to design international level R&D and testing facility 29. Solar Power 29 With about 300 clear, sunny days in a year, India have abundant solar potential Daily average solar energy incident over India varies from 4 to 7 kWh/m2 National Solar Mission launch to encourage solar energy 30. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission 30 Launched on 11 January 2010 It aim: 1. Deployment of 20000 MW of grid connected solar plant by 2022 2. 2000 MW of off grid solar application including 20 million solar lights by 2022 3. 20 million sq. meter of solar thermal collector area 4. R&D and capacity building activities to achieve grid parity by 2022 31. Renewable Energy Policy Framework 31 Budgetary support for research, development and demonstration of technologies Financial Incentives, including for renewable energy applications in rural areas Promoting private investment through fiscal incentives, tax holidays, depreciation allowance and remunerative returns for power fed into the grid. Finance for renewable energy: IREDA 32. Research ORGANIZATION 32 Solar Energy Centre Centre of Wind Energy Technology (C-WET) AHEC (Alternative Hydro Energy Centre) IREDA ( Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency) SECI (Solar Energy Corporation of India) NCPRE (National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education), IIT Bombay Renewable energy centre in various IIT and NIT 33. Conclusion 33 India, one of the stable economic country depend upon thermal power plant to meet 45 % demand To make future brighter India gear up to utilize renewable resources Still the share of renewable energy is not significant Various renewable energy mission launch by government of India Growth of renewable sector show that still in future thermal plant is a main source of energy. Nuclear plant and large hydro plant replace thermal power plant in future 34. THANK YOU 34