ENERGY & LIFE8-1

http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html

Remember from Cycle 1

_____________ can make their own food usingenergy from sunlight.

Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria

AUTOTROPHS

http://www.seorf.ohiou.edu/~tstork/compass.rose/photosynthesis/chloro_sun_bathing.gif

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

__________________ get energy by consumingother organisms

Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria

HETEROTROPHS

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

Images: http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm http://www.lionden.com/cell_animations.htm http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/cell-movement.html

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ?

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Na+ - K + PUMPEndocytosisExocytosis

Animation from:

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ?

Movement

Synthesis of biomolecules

Reproduction

Meiosis: http://www.tokyo-med.ac.jp/genet/anm/Cilia: http://www.sk.lung.ca/content.cfm?edit_realword=hwbreatheReplication: http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4c.aspTranscription:http://www.wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/teacherhp/johnson/visualvocab/mRNA.gifTranslation:

ATPImage by: Riedell

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

ONE SPECIAL KIND of NUCLEOTIDE is used by cells to store and transport ENERGY

CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY

ATP = __________________________Adenosine triphosphate

____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS

3

ATP can change into ADP

ADP = __________________________Adenosine diphosphate

____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS

2

ATP → ____ + ____ +

http://www.cat.cc.md.us/~gkaiser/biotutorials/energy/adpan.html

ATP releases energy stored in a high energychemical bond by removing the phosphate and becoming ADP

ADP

ADP + ___ + ________ → ___

The energy to do this comes from

____________ like _____________

Cells ________ energy by adding the phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP.

ATP

It’s like recharging the battery !

STORE

FOODS GLUCOSE

Watch a video clip aboutATP FORMATION (8A)

ATP is useful BUT . . .ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY,

but _____ good for storing ________ amounts of energy for the ______________.

A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than _________the chemical energy.

Cells only keep enough ATP

around to last a few seconds and

recharge it by burning___________.http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

NOT LARGELONG TERM

90 times

glucose

Example:

GLUCOSE C6H12O6

Image from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

Remember from Cycle 1

CARBOHYDRATES containCarbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen (with a ratio of 1 C: 2 H: 1 O)

MONOSACCHARIDES

Single sugar molecules

C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.htmlhttp://217.60.75.10/llt/biokemi/images/galactose.jpghttp://217.60.75.10/llt/biokemi/images/galactose.jpghttp://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html C5H10O5

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY

Images from: http://www.miranda.com/library.en/Images/Pictures/girls-runners.jpg http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

Cells burn GLUCOSE for their energy needs

Remember from BIO 1

CARBOHYDRATES are building blocks

for other moleculesATP

DNA & RNA

POLYSACCHARIDEShttp://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.htmlATP by Riedellhttp://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/dna_bases.gifhttp://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biochemistry_notes_bi_ch3.htm

Starch

Glucose

Section 2-3 Remember from Cycle 1

Molecules made by joining MANY sugar molecules together are called ___________________POLYSACCHARIDES

EXAMPLES:

Image from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif

GLYCOGEN is the way _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later.

Image from: http://www.msu.edu/course/lbs/145/smith/s02/graphics/campbell_5.6.gif

ANIMAL

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY

STARCH is the way _______ cells store GLUCOSE for later.Images from: http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/bb450/stryer/ch21/Slide24.jpg

PLANT

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY