Energy in Switzerland after Fukushima
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ENERGY IN SWITZERLAND AFTER FUKUSHIMA BPW May 7th
Edith Page
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Menu of the day What is energy? Context for changes Worlwide energy market The Fukushima tsunami Switzerland position
Potential consequences and steps ahead What can we do?
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WHAT IS ENERGY?
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Energy is everywhere and needed everywhere
Energies are utilities we need and used to consume daily
without question.
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CONTEXT FOR CHANGES
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Population growth: 7 to 9 billions
Unequal access to energy
1/3 of today’s world population have no access to electricity (1.5 billion people)
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Growth of energy needs
Source: International energy outlook 2011 from http://www.eia.gov/
Electricity sector to grow most: 30% of energy needs
in 2030
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The climate change and Greenhouse gases
Source: NASA
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Our ecological footprint 2,6 hag for an average inhabitant
One earth isn’t enough We lived on The Earth credit from
August 22nd till Dec 31st, 2012!
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Context for changes Progressive evolution of our society towards new
values and meaningful lives The green consciousness enlarged since
2005/2006 Emergence of Corporate social responsibility Rio+20: leadership transfer from politics to
corporations and society
« Johannesburg est un test pour tous les dirigeants qui disent se préoccuper du bien-être de notre planète et de sa population. » Kofi Annan, Comité préparatoire du Sommet mondial pour le développement durable, 17 juillet 2002
Photo extraite de edu-chavanne.net
«L’engagement volontaire n’a pas fonctionné. La crise confirme la nécessité de mettre de l’éthique dans les affaires…» Michel Doucin, ambassadeur RSE à la Commission européenne. Repris de l’interview ©2011 Novethic
©Tous droits réservés par Globethics.net
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WORLDWIDE ENERGY MARKET
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Worldwide energy trends World energy consumption to increase by
53% between 2008 and 2035, half of it attributed to China and India.
Fossil fuels continue to supply 80% of world energy use in 2035
The oil share to start declining in 2035 (prices, fuel switching)
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Worldwide energy trends: oil prices
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The good news
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Electricity generation: still strongly fossil
Source: International energy outlook 2011 from http://www.eia.gov/
But renewable energies (hydropower and others) grabing a 20 to 25% share
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Projections change according to viewpoints!
In Europe, potential to rise renewable energies from 24% in 2020, 45% in 2030 and 96% in 2050! Source: EREC (European Renewable Energy Council)
Tableau extrait du rapport Re-Thinking 2050
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PV solar power generation becoming profitable at large scale
Source: IRENA- Renewable Energy innovation Policy- march 2013
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FUKUSHIMA TSUNAMI
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Since March 11th, 2011 2nd blow to nuclear power after the
Tchernobyl human and environmental catastrophy in 1986
19’000 deaths or unfound because of tsunami and 160’000 persons evacuated due to radiations
Japan stopped its 54 nuclear reactors (30% of power generation)
Japan heavily imported energy, opened coal mines and developed renewables
But 2 years later…planning to reactivate nuclear power
Not possible to predict consequences on health
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What was the Fukushima effect?
Switzerland: May 25th, 2011 Decision to phase out progressively its 5 nuclear reactors and to stop 3 new nuclear plants projects.
France: low effect. To reduce some plants (cf Fessenheim in 2016)
Germany: Decision to stop 7 aging reactors (out of 17). Decision to get out of nuclear in 2020. Actions taken already 10 years ago, 20% renewables at present.
Italy: renounced to introduce nuclear
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The reality of nuclear power worldwide? 14% of electricity produced 435 nuclear reactors in 31 countries: 104 in the
USA, 58 in France, 9 in Germany, Japan 2 reconnected and 48 waiting to be reconnected
65 new reactors under construction and 200 projects (100 in China and 40 in India)
Increase in power capacity generation Low cost of kWh doesn’t include costs of
demantling aging plants
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SWITZERLAND POSITION
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The most ambitious challenge Get out of nuclear while keeping greenhouse gases low Replace nuclear power coming from France (5% of
Fessenheim closing plant) Green the energy massively Renovate and transform the power distribution network to
manage fluctuating energy sources Manage the energy transition while our society is getting
power intensive!
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Energy consumptions
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Power consumptions
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Evolution of power prices
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Existing power mix
Challenge: to replace 40% of nuclear power
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Future power mix: hydropower, new renewables and combined gas power as transition
Solar power could realistically supply respectively 20% of electricity by 2025 and 20% of heat to households by 2035! Source: Swiss Solar
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POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES AND STEPS AHEAD
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Swiss 2050 energy strategy: 2 pillars at 50% each
Renewable energies Energy efficiency
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Symbols for Switzerland
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Objectives and measures: PACK 1: Reduce individual energy consumption by 35% by 2035 Stabilise power consumption after 2020 Increase hydropower Increase renewable energies Introduce more severe measures for energy efficiency in
buildings (40% impact), electrical appliances, lighting, mobility and reduce gas emissions
Encourage local consumptions of self-produced energies Modernise the power distribution network Guaranty power supplies via imports and construction of
new combined gas power plants
PACK 2: Create a new ecological tax combining CO2 and energy
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3 scenarios for power (AES)
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3 scenarios for power (AES)
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3 scenarios for power (AES)
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Next steps September 2013: feed-back on PACK 1 Federal
2050 energy strategy 2014 Opening up of power market to households 2015 Potential referendum on nuclear
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Things move
+67% of PV solar panels in 2012 Development of initiatives for households
and companies by power suppliers and distributors
Tools to follow power consumptions: cf smart metering
AEnEC: 1.3 million tons of CO2 and energy savings by companies
Developments of innovative cleantechs (cf storing energy)
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WHAT CAN WE DO?
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From any perspectives…
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Technologies and behaviours
Technologies
Behaviours
Willpower
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Towards ultra-connected lives and homes
http://www.scoop.it/t/l-experience-consommateurs-dans-l-efficience-energetique
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Here is where social media step in…
2 billion people on social networks Local goes global Collective impacts
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Power consumption of the average swiss family
Source: OFEN
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Define a strategy and act
CSR
Economy
Environment Gov
erna
nce
Soc
ial Cleantechs
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For companies: moving towards CSR
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Define your commitments and your organisation
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Example of an estate owner
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Potential actions Vote Choose renewable energies when possible Reduce consumptions Check the energy label of your building/
home and areas of renovation Reduce use of individual transportation
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Not always straight forward
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Questioning: a source of evolution
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http://about.me/edithpage Blog: http://infuseon.wordpress.com/
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Let’s debate!