Endterm Exam RS

7/30/2019 Endterm Exam RS

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Jessa B. Costelo May 17, 2012

BABA2 S24 10am-12nn Sir Dave Estanislao

RS-4: Vocation and Mission

ENDTERM

I. The Sacrament of Holy Orders: The Vocation of the Ministerial Priesthood

A. Principles or Truths

The Sacrament of Holy Orders is the continuation of Christ's priesthood, which He bestowed

upon His Apostles. From the New Testament, Holy Orders appear as a gift of the Spirit,

communicated through the imposition of hands of the Apostles. The Sacrament of Holy

Orders can be validly conferred only on baptized men, following the example set by Christ

and His Apostles, who chose only men as their successors and collaborators. Integration into

one of these bodies in the Church was accomplished by a rite called ordination, a religious

and liturgical act which has a consecration, a blessing or a sacrament. A man cannot demand

ordination; the Church has the authority to determine eligibility for the sacrament and

because of his role as a successor to the Apostles, who were themselves successors to Christ,

the bishop is the proper minister of the sacrament.

B. Reflection

The Sacrament of Holy Orders is the mission entrusted by Christ to his apostles that needs to

be continued and to be exercised in the Church today. This sacrament in is the objective

guarantee of the perpetual presence of Christ with us, His people. I learned that the bishops,

priests, and deacons of the Church are neither vicars of Christ, nor substitutes for Christ nor

representatives of Christ. I realized that the clergy do not act in behalf of Christ or

instead of Christ as though he himself were absent. The reality and effectiveness of the

sacraments of the Church ministered by the clergy do not depend upon the personal virtue of

the ministers, but upon the presence of Christ who acts in his Church by the Holy Spirit.

II. The Religious Life


The Religious live under twofold aspect that is met with in all ages and places:

every soul possesses an inclination to good, and an inclination towards God. Every place

around the globe has souls that are willing enough to follow these inclinations and

consequently religious souls. These persons live under the vows of poverty, chastity and

obedience. It is the mother of Jesus- Mary, who is the model and the mother of the

consecrated life. The Religious, are the persons devoted to contemplation, solitude,

and sacrifice; to give witness to common goals of service, simplicity of life, and common

prayer as they strive to actualize together the eternal goal for the good of their community.

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14153a.htm










B. Reflection

When a man seeks marriage and family, he must abandon the control of his life- his dreams,

his desires, his personal autonomy and live for the other. But we all have within us that vague

and general idea of the religious life which enables us to recognize it when it is described as

a life directed to personal perfection, or a life seeking union with God. A unique aspect of the

path towards religious life is the ability to share in community living which is basically where

a religious community becomes an individual's spiritual family. If I had been born as a boy, I

could’ve had the inclination to enter into religious ministry as there seems to be will within

me and the desire to become like one of the priests I salute to.

III. The Sacrament of Matrimony: The Vocation of the Married Life


Matrimony is a holy sacrament, officiated by a priest, of uniting a man to a woman in which

they become one in Christ. Marriage is a special blessing for Christians because of the grace

of Christ, marriage is also a natural blessing and gift for everyone in all times and cultures. Marriage is a lifelong partnership of mutual and exclusive fidelity, established by mutual

consent between a man and a woman, and ordered towards the good of the spouses and the

procreation of offspring. Marriage has two fundamental ends or purposes towards which it is

oriented, namely, the good of the spouses as well as the procreation of children and thus, the

Church teaches that marriage is both unitive and procreative, and that it is inseparably both.

The ministers of this sacrament are the contracting parties themselves.

B. Reflection

Conjugal love establishes a unique communion of persons through the relationship of mutual

self-giving and receiving between husband and wife, a relationship by which- a man leaves

his father and mother and clings to his wife, and the two of them become one body. The

spouses‘ mutual promise of lifelong love and fidelity provides clarity of an explicitly stated

intention and emotion of faith, trust and affection. We can recognize that couples face many

challenges to building and sustaining a strong marriage in the recent times since conditions in

contemporary society do not always support marriage. For example, many couples struggle to

balance home and work responsibilities while others bear serious economic and social

burdens. Marriage should be upheld by humanity for God has made this sacrament especiallyfor us among all other creatures and creations.

IV. The Social Teachings of the Church


Catholic social teachings develop from the truth of what God has revealed to us about

himself. God the Father sends his only Son Jesus Christ and shares the Holy Spirit as his gift

of love. God reveals himself to us as one who is not alone, but rather as one who is relational,

one who is Trinity and thus, we believe in the triune God whose very nature is communal and

social. . It takes into consideration the various arenas that encompass life in society, including

the political, economic, social, and cultural. Catholic social teaching is based on and

inseparable from our understanding of human life and human dignity.







B. Reflection

These teachings exist as guiding social and moral principles in order to develop our

awareness of the social, economic, and political issues that plague us today. Furthermore, it

allows us to acquire an understanding of the complexities that we face in our day-to-day

existence and to familiarize ourselves with the proper discernment methods so that we may

be able to act accordingly. It sets about naming the realities confronting persons and societies

at a given point in time, highlighting the benefits and dangers those realities present to full

human flourishing, and critiquing those realities and developments from the point of view of

the values and moral vision of the Catholic faith. It is an essential element of faith and a key

resource providing principles for reflection, criteria for judgment, and guidelines for action

V. Diriment Impediment


These are the ones that render a marriage altogether invalid unless a dispensation can be

granted by the Church, which is possible only in certain cases. This is to say those diriment

impediments are those which render a marriage illicit, but do not impair its validity. Under

the present Code of Canon Law these impediments are: defect of age, impotence, difference

of worship (baptized and unbaptized), Sacred Orders, solemn vows, abduction, crime

(adultery, homicide, or both), relationship, or affinity, within proscribed degrees, spiritual

relationship, legal relationship (adoption when State forbids marriage between adopter and

adopted), clandestinity, public decency. These render the marriage invalid because of their

failure to comply with the requirements of the sacrament of matrimony.

B. Reflection

This topic is very sensitive to a number of culture, races and even across sexualities. Here,

top-list issues like religion, optional celibacy, gender discrimination and same sex marriage

can be deliberately argued upon. The evolution of generations led to the arousal of questions,

concerns and ideologies which nevertheless are rotten and of no worth. If we do not guard

ourselves, we may set our minds and eventually our beliefs on the wrong platter of truth and

reality. That’s why, no matter how complex situations or emotions may arise, we should

always stay grounded within our Christian faith, in its teachings and its doctrines.

Endterm Exam RS

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