Emerging Mobile Internets: New Communication Politics, Policy & Citizenship

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Emerging Mobile Internets: New Communication Politics, Policy & Citizenship Gerard Goggin, Fiona Martin & Jonathon Hutchinson (Sydney) @Mobileinternetz http://mobileinternetresearch.net/

Transcript of Emerging Mobile Internets: New Communication Politics, Policy & Citizenship

 Emerging Mobile Internets:  

New Communication Politics, Policy & Citizenship

Gerard Goggin, Fiona Martin & Jonathon Hutchinson (Sydney)@Mobileinternetz

http://mobileinternetresearch.net/

emergence of mobile tech policy & law

• with flexibility of the cell phone and the emergence of mobile media, the line between regulating for content versus carriage is blurring, with profound consequences for law, policy, and regulation

• alongside the ITU and WTO, cell phone issues have become policy concerns for other international bodies such as the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and organizations involved in Internet governance

• the rise of cell phones has coincided with a new landscape of policy expectations, framework, and actors. 

See: Goggin, Gerard.  ‘Mobile Communication Law and Regulation.’ In International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society,  ed. Ang Peng Hwa and Robin Mansell. Wiley-Blackwell, 2014.

mobile policy actors

• while state-based law and policy have remained important, independent telecommunications regulatory agencies are key players

• because of the lack of alignment still among broadcast, telecommunications, and Internet law and policy, many issues in mobile data services are also dealt with via self- and co-regulatory bodies.

democratic deficit in mobiles policy

• unlike the Internet governance area, where the multi-stakeholder model has secured widespread, if precarious support, mobile policy remains an obscure and inaccessible area — with a stark democratic deficit in citizen involvement and public benefit

• e.g. regulation of apps remain under the “bottle-neck” control of corporations such as software and computing giants, e.g. Apple and Google.

research gap• cell phones and mobile media are vibrant part of media research, when 

it comes to policy there is little research that does justice to its complexities

• especially on the regional framing & geopolitics of policy; cf. most global telecommunications policy is based on narrow, neoliberal paradigms (cf. Goggin, Global Mobile Media 2011)

• add to which mobiles policy out of step with realities of cultures of use & social functions evident in majority world

• available work largely comes from law, economics, engineering, and telecommunications policy

• rather than other traditions – e.g. global media and communication policy, or information policy  - which have grappled with restructuring of telecommunications, and the new challenges of convergent media, especially the Internet — but not really tackled the policy and legal issues raised by mobility

Moving Media

• Australian Research Council Discovery project Moving Media: Mobile Internet and New Policy Modes (CIs: Gerard Goggin, Tim Dwyer, Fiona Martin; researcher: Jonathon Hutchinson) hopes to theorize contemporary mobile media

• mapping responses of a wide range of international policy institutions and actors to the range of forms of mobile media & Internet and the new kinds of governance these are eliciting 

• Range of international case studies on: news diversity; locative media; connected cars; wearable computers (Google Glass); mobile health applications

• More information on Moving Media blog: http://mobileinternetresearch.net/latest/

mobile media + Internetinvolves convergences among Internet + other media technology along at least three major axes: 

1.  mobile telephony and telecommunications; 2. digital television broadcasting; 3. new media ecologies evolving around locative, spatial/mapping, and sensing technologies

4. communicative mobilities + other mobilities (e.g. transportation; automobility)

case 1: smartphones as sensor media

University of Illinois's PLATO IV terminal, which used an infrared system c. 1971 (from F. Ion, ‘From touch displays to the surface: A brief history of touchscreen technology’, Ars Technica, 5 April, 2013)

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Ley de Geolocalización(Mexican Geolocalization Law)

• The Mexican House of Representatives passed the Geolocalization Law on September 2011, followed by the Senate on March 2012. 

• the Geolocalization Law extended existing provisions to require telecommunications carriers to make geolocal data, gathered through cellular mobile devices and networks, available to agencies — hence the title of the law. 

• to target drug dealers, kidnappers, and blackmailers who use mobile ICTs to carry out illegal activities

See: Gerard Goggin and César Albarrán-Torres. ‘Locative Media, Privacy, and State Surveillance in Mexico: The Case of the Geolocalization Law.’ In Locative Media, ed. Rowan Wilken & Gerard Goggin (Routledge, 2014)

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Ley de Geolocalización

Connected Cars, Driverless Vehicles and Mediated Automobility

ICT in Creative Arts, Businessand Science, Mitchell et al. 2003

Invention:“Manufacturers”

Application:“Consumers”

Leadbeater, 2008

Innovation Policy Moment

The Australian Policy Push

OECD

Research on Road Transport and Intermodal Linkages (RTR) 

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) 

Transforming Personal Mobility

Mobility InternetDriverless vehiclesShared vehicles

Specific purpose vehiclesAdvanced propulsion systems

Mhealth apps, networked

bio-data &

the monitorial self

Transforming healthcare

• Shifting costs and responsibility from institutions to care providers and citizens

• Curative to preventative• Modularised and ‘incentivised’ health care • From patient to monitorial self

– subject of constant real-time, digital surveillance

– a self-caring, responsible citizen who acts on technological health imperatives

– discriminating consumer, digitally literate

• Sensing, recording, storing, representing and communicating bio-data

• Shaping user experience of mediated environment

• Managing remote consultations/networked therapeutic forums

• Communicating public health information

Mhealth: a media and communications concern

Apple is positioning its Health app as the point of aggregation for all the user’s different health data, and Health Kit the development platform

to enable that integration. But critically, indications are that the health data will for the

most part be collected by sensors (Nike+, Withings Scale, Fitbit Flex etc) of other wearable

manufacturers….

(D.Waite in Shaugnessy, 2014)

Hybrid policy framework

contested:

- communications infrastructure

provision

- comms & content standards

- data privacy & access

- speech regulation

- consumer rights

highly regulated: medical

self regulated: therapeutic and

wellbeing

prescriptive and co- regulatory:

information privacy

light touch: telecommunications

and media

innovation/competition

policy: software

Tracking the new policy actors on Twitter

Social media network analysis (SMNA)Who are the key influencers in mhealth policy discussions and why?

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ReferencesGoggin, Gerard.  ‘Mobile Communication Law and Regulation.’ In International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society,  ed. Ang Peng Hwa and Robin Mansell. Vol. 4, ed. Sandra Braman (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014)

Goggin, Gerard, Tim Dwyer, Fiona Martin. ‘Moveable Media: Mobile Internet & New Policy’ in Creativity, Innovation an Interaction: Public Media Management Fit for the 21st Century, Michał Głowacki & Lizzie Jackson (eds). Routledge. 2013.

Goggin, Gerard, Fiona Martin, and Tim Dwyer. “Locating the News in the Mobile Worlds of Audiences,” Journalism Studies. (2014).

Goggin, Gerard. “Driving the Internet: Mobile Internets, Cars, and the Social,” Future Internet  vol. 4, no. 1. p. 306-321. 2012

Goggin, Gerard and César Albarrán-Torres. ‘Locative Media, Privacy, and State Surveillance in Mexico: The Case of the Geolocalization Law.’ In Locative Media, ed. Wilken & Goggin.

Lupton, Deborah (2012) M-health and health promotion: The digital cyborg and surveillance society. Social Theory & Health (2012) 10, 229–244 

Wilken, Rowan and Gerard Goggin, ed. Locative Media (Routledge, 2014)