1.1 Internets and Intranets

7/30/2019 1.1 Internets and Intranets

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Internet and Intranets



In this session our learning objectives are



Connection Methods

Hardware

Software

Connections

Browsers

Information and opportunities Internet and Intranets offer

Internet Security Risks

Laws and Guidelines that affect the use of IT.



The Internet


The Internet is ?

A worldwide interconnection of computersand networks that use the protocol IP.

It allows for WWW, FTP, VoIP, Gaming,Filesharing, video, email.



Uses for the internet


WWW or HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

Email – Outlook, Yahoo, GooglemailFTP File Transfer Protocol

Gaming

Video On Demand

Voice Over IP – Telephone Services

File Sharing



INTRANETS


What is an intranet ?

It is an internal website that is setup internally for companies and canbe accessed by employees for the purpose of standard documents orinformation and many items of information and data.

INTERNAL WEBSITE WITHIN A COMPANY ACCESSED BY EMPLOYEES



Connection to the internet - Hardware


What do we need to connect to the internet ?

• Computer or smart phone• Network hub if part of a network • A wireless enabled Router if using WiFi• ADSL or cable modem• An Internet Service Provider



MODEM


MODulator-DEModulator

Converts digital 1’s and 0’s

Into analogue waves.

Allows computers to talk over phone lines.

It connects directly to the

communications line.

It is always the first deviceconnected to thecommunications line.




MODEM

FM Frequency Modulation

AM Amplitude Modulation

Modulate a carrier signal into 1’sand 0’s.

FM How Often

AM Loudness/Amplification



ROUTER


A router is a device that hasan IP address. Computerscan then connect to it usingthis address. It then forwardlinks onto anothercommunications device thatcan access the internet.



SWITCH


A switch is used to connectdifferent network segments.

A network segment is a setof computers all connectedtogether.

Like an intelligent hub.



A Network HUB


A device that connectscomputers togetherand can link them all

on to another device.



HARDWARE


Order of devices

A modem is always first. It is the connection to the telephone or datacommunications line.

Routers, hubs and switches can be plugged into each other in any

direction. But usually in the order of Router, Switch, Hub.



Telephone or Data Communications Lines


To connect to the internet you need a link to it.

This link can be

BROADBAND

ADSL or DSL

DIAL UP

ISDN



Types of Line


BROADBAND – Handles a broad band of frequencies (TV, Voice, Data)

DSL is Digital subscribers line (Voice and data)

DIAL-UP is maximum of 56k (Data)

ISDN is Integrated Services Digital Network (Voice, Data, Video)



Other ways to connect to the internet (HARDWARE)


What is there ?

•

Smart phone using 3G or 4g• USB ADSL dongle that connects to a service provider network



ISP – Internet Service Providers


What are they ?

Who are they ?

What do they do ?

An ISP sells Internet access to companies andindividuals.It provides web servers which connect to theInternet. An ISP will provide it’s customers with a wide range

of services… Cable Television/Telephone servicesBandwidth options.Email service.Web Hosting.

Online and Telephone assistance.



Software On The Internet


What software can you think of do you use to access services on the internet ?

BROWSERS

EMAIL

Lime Wire – File Sharing

SKYPE

GAMING

FTP – FileTransferProtocol SKYPE

OUTLOOK

FIREWALL



STOP

Complete questionnaire 1.1



BROWSERS


Browsers – These allow you to utilise HTTPand HTTPS to view the WorldWideWeb.

What browsers are there ?

Internet Explorer

Mozilla Firefox

Netscape Navigator

Opera



FTP

Internet and IntranetsFile Transfer Protocol is used to access websites via a different

door to download files.



EMAIL


Software that composes, sends and receives email

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SKYPE


• Telephone calls can be made over the internet using VOIP

• VOIP is ‘Voice Over Internet Protocol’

• A popular service that does this is SKYPE

• This also includes video calls if a web cam is available.



GAMING


Accessing games

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FILESHARING


• It is possible to share files over the internet•

DropBox is a popular service where files can be uploadedto let others download them



BROWSER FACILITIES OR FUNCTIONS


What facilities do browsers have available to use ?



Types of Line


Browsers



BROWSER FACILITIES


Navigation, forward and back.

Home

Tabbed browsingStop

Refresh

WWW Address bar

Print

Favourites

Windows Search

Access to Search Engines andWebpages

HyperLinks – HyperText

Browser History



RECAP


In this session we have learnt about

Internet and its uses

Intranets

Connection hardware – Modems Switches Routers Hubs

Connection Lines – ADSL DSL ISDN DIAL-UP

Other hardware methods of connecting Dongles PDAs

ISP – Internet Service Providers

Software used to access the services on the internet Email Browsers FTP



STOP




Internet Security Risks ?


What risks are there in using the internet

Downloading

Entering Personal Details

Online Banking

Buying Items Off The InternetSending Emails

Uploading Files



RISKS !!!


Viruses, attack, hacking,

identity theft, fraud, gettingpasswords, stealing bank details, intercepting emails,

theft of data, postingunwanted videos, postingunwanted text………..



RISK PREVENTION


What do you need to do to minimise some or all of the risk whenaccessing the internet ?

FIREWALL

VIRUS SCANNER

INSTALL ADWARE AND MALWARE SCANNERS

BE AWARE OF EMAIL SCAMS

BE CAREFUL WHEN USING PAYMENT SITES

BE CAREFUL DOWNLOADING AND UPLOADING

USE COMPLEX PASSWORDS



RECAP


In this session we have learnt about

Internet Security Risks

Attack, Viruses, Hacking, Fraud, Theft, Email scams

What Do These Risks Involve

Viruses can scan your machine and delete your data or your passwords.

Email scams can steal your personal details

Risk prevention

Firewalls Virus scanners Malware Adware Be aware of what sites you visitand the files you download.



STOP




LAWS AND GUIDELINES ON THE USE OF IT


It is going to be your task to find out what laws and guidelinesthere are to using IT.

You will need to produce worksheets outlining the main headings of guidelines and laws that exist for the day to day use of computersand IT.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/editorialguidelines/onguide/thelaw/lawontheinterne.shtml





3 Major Headings For ICT and The Law


Data Protection Act (1998)

Computer Misuse Act (1990)

Copyright, Design and Patents Act (1988)



Some Things To Be Aware Of


Copyright

Protecion of Use of Information

Sharing Information

Obscene Publications

Internet Privacy

Data Privacy

CD’s DVD’s Films Filesharing Fraud

Posting Unwanted files andphotos

CCTV

Fraudulent Use of Data

Access to your data

Hacking and AccessingInformation

Planting viruses and Malware

Deleting Files

Blackmail



STOP


Laws and Guidelines



Health and Safety

When Using ICT


There are rules and guidelines that govern

your health and safety when using ICT.



STOP


Health and Safety



Information and Opportunities Available Using the Internet.


Email FTP HTTP HTML

Job Searches research MP3 Video Telephone

Downloads Software Games Images



STOP


1.1 Internets and Intranets

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Transcript of 1.1 Internets and Intranets