Emergency VentilatorEmergency Ventilator

Joshua GessJoshua GessJimmy GrottingJimmy Grotting

Tim WeaverTim WeaverRyan WinterRyan WinterWhitt IsraelWhitt Israel

Advisor:Advisor:Dr. Paul KingDr. Paul King

April 11, 2005April 11, 2005

Lung Volume During Lung Volume During Emergency RespirationEmergency Respiration

• The average human has a total lung capacity (TLC) of 4-6 liters

• The average tidal volume is only 0.5 liters

• Even at vital capacity, about 25% of the lung volume remains (residual volume)

• Residual volume can allow chemicals or other foreign substances to remain in the lung

How High Frequency Ventilation How High Frequency Ventilation Promotes Fluidic MixingPromotes Fluidic Mixing

• Shorter bursts of air create a turbulent atmosphere

• Fresh air mixes with residual volume

• Clean air reaches alveoli more quickly

• Allows for oxygen to be more efficiently absorbed

• Waste gases are removed more efficiently

IPV vs. Bulk-Flow VentilationIPV vs. Bulk-Flow Ventilation

Figure 1: Bulk flow ventilation

Figure 2: Percussive ventilation

Design ProgressionDesign Progression

Ambu Bag – too much attention to device and Ambu Bag – too much attention to device and not enough to patientnot enough to patient

SureVent – looked to improve this existing SureVent – looked to improve this existing systemsystem

High Frequency Jet Ventilation – revolutionary High Frequency Jet Ventilation – revolutionary form of ventilationform of ventilation

Incorporation into new idea-(piston actuator, Incorporation into new idea-(piston actuator, reverse whistle, acoustics, pneumatic actuator, reverse whistle, acoustics, pneumatic actuator, fans)fans)

Final Design: Solenoid ValveFinal Design: Solenoid Valve

Overall Importance of the Five Design Constraints1 FEASIBLE - Designs that could be built by project deadline or were relatively more likely to

work are checked.

2 VARIABILITY - The doctors expressed a concern with complete control over the variables ofa ventilator such as inlet pressure and frequency. Designs having variables that aredependent upon one another are NOT checked.

3 PORTABLE - EMT's expressed a concern that any device they used must be able to beeasily carried around the waist. Any design that is too bulky to be carried around by an EMT is NOT checked.

4 INEXPENSIVE - Designs that produced significant costs in production and materials are NOTchecked. It should be noted that all of these designs are cheaper than the existing systembut the designs that are exceptionally cheaper are those that are noted.

5 MECHANICAL - Any design that incorporates electrical power of any kind is NOT checked.

DESIGN SELECTION MATRIXDESIGNS OPTIONS

VARIABILITY PORTABLE MECHANICAL FEASIBLE INEXPENSIVEPISTON ● ●ACTUATED

REVERSE ● ● ●WHISTLE

ACOUSTICS ● ●

FAN ● ● ●ACTUATED

SOLENOID ● * ● *VALVE

Design SchematicDesign Schematic

MicroKing Air Control ValveMicroKing Air Control Valve

3-Way inline valve for rapid control actuating3-Way inline valve for rapid control actuating 4.8 Watt Solenoid for 12 VDC4.8 Watt Solenoid for 12 VDC Operating pressure: .42 psiOperating pressure: .42 psi Operating frequency: 0 – 15 HzOperating frequency: 0 – 15 Hz Price: $25.00Price: $25.00

Function GeneratorFunction Generator

MFJ Portable Function MFJ Portable Function Generator for $80.00Generator for $80.00

Simple square waves with Simple square waves with variable frequencyvariable frequency

Oscillator circuit consisting of Oscillator circuit consisting of step function generator step function generator

Prototype TestingPrototype Testing

Pressure TransducerPressure Transducer PX24APX24A Arrives 4/11 or 4/12Arrives 4/11 or 4/12

LabVIEW data LabVIEW data acquisition softwareacquisition software Simple data recordingSimple data recording FFTFFT

Testing ApparatusTesting Apparatus