EMC 3000 Lecture 3 - Within the Frame

EMC / JOUR 3000 INTRO TO MOTION

PICTURES

Edward Bowen

Lecture Three – Inside the Shot

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Location - A real place chosen to shoot one or more

shots for a film. “Jaws” (1975)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cRpoMpUgC0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cRpoMpUgC0


shots for a film. “Black Swan” (2010)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMOzjoC1n7Y

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMOzjoC1n7Y


shots for a film. “Ana’s Playground” (2009)

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Set - A place built to specifications as an environment

for one of more shots in a film. “Phantom of the Opera” (2004)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAR54mNVh48

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAR54mNVh48


for one of more shots in a film. “Silent Hill” (2006)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzu1JR1-RFs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzu1JR1-RFs


for one of more shots in a film. “Sweeney Todd” (2007)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzKu_mSVXlU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzKu_mSVXlU


for one of more shots in a film. “The Garbage Pail Kids” (1987)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lXmuXVGidY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lXmuXVGidY

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Set Extension - Extending or replacing various

elements within through various special effects.• Glass Shots and Hanging Miniatures.


elements within through various special effects.• Foreground (hanging) miniatures. “Ben-Hur” (1925)


elements within through various special effects.• Mattes. “Ben-Hur” (1959)


elements within through various special effects.• Virtual extension.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clnozSXyF4k

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clnozSXyF4k

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Set - An environment created through digital

effects. “Tron: Legacy” (2010)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyScbAZrFs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyScbAZrFs

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors. “Sky Captain and the World of

Tomorrow” (2004) Laurence Olivier (1907-1989)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AqGBt0124bY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AqGBt0124bY

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors. “Terminator Salvation” (2009)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7YYfgx_cHo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7YYfgx_cHo

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors - The Uncanny Valley

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors - The Uncanny Valley

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNdAIPoh8a4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNdAIPoh8a4

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Virtual Actors. “Sim0ne” (2002)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=salcZxwspxg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=salcZxwspxg

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Blocking - Placement of the actors and determination

of their movements within the location or set and shot, in relation to the camera.

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/11517/Citizen-Kane-Movie-Clip-The-Sacred-Cause.html

“Citizen Kane” (1941)

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/11517/Citizen-Kane-Movie-Clip-The-Sacred-Cause.html



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yuR_HjCLcw


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yuR_HjCLcw



http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php?v=10150301284860612

“The Sound of Music” Robert Wise (1965)

http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php?v=10150301284860612



“Jaws” Steven Spielberg (1975)

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - The perceived distance relationship of the

camera (viewer) to the subject

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up: A shot framed to emphasize the

human head or face, or something of the same approximate size of the human head. Abbreviated CU.

• Variations: Extreme Close-up, Shoulder shot.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up. “La Passion de Jeanne D’Arc”

(1928) Carl Theodor Dreyer

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nAqnUPqj3JY


Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Close-up. “A Place in the Sun” (1951)

George Stevens



FramingClose-ups - Extreme Close-ups

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Extreme Close-up. “Citizen Kane” (1941)

Orson Welles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jipboWI9uiE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jipboWI9uiE

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Framing - Extreme Close-up. “Blue Velvet” (1986)

David Lynch

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/index/?o_cid=mediaroomlink&cid=282728

http://youtu.be/nM975_Ld9S0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDEzzFtrCTs


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDEzzFtrCTs




FramingClose-ups - Shoulder Shot

FramingClose-ups – “Jaws”

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Close-up: A shot framed to emphasize the human

head or face, or something of the same approximate size of the human head. Abbreviated CU. Variations: Extreme Close-up, Shoulder shot.

• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body. Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

FramingMedium Shots - Waist Shots

FramingMedium Shots - Cowboys

FramingMedium Shots – “Jaws”



• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body.m Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

• Full Shot (FS): Shows one or more full human forms from just below the feet to just above the head.

FramingFull Shots

FramingFull Shots

“Top Hat (1935) ”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2poNEiVZNXQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2poNEiVZNXQ

FramingFull Shots – “Jaws”



• Medium Shot (MS): Shows a person’s face and a significant portion of the person’s body.m Variations: Waist shot, cowboy, knee shot.

• Full Shot (FS): Shows one or more full human forms from just below the feet to just above the head.

• Long Shot (LS): Includes more of the environment, establishing more fully details of the surrounding mise en scene. Variations: Extreme long shot.

FramingLong Shots

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots“Lawrence of Arabia” (1962) David Lean

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvBcl40QOhQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvBcl40QOhQ

FramingLong Shots - Extreme Long Shots

“Troy” (2004) Wolfgang Petersen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCg8Ku7C5eI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCg8Ku7C5eI

FramingLong Shots – “Jaws

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Camera Angle - The position/perspective of the

camera (viewer) to the subject.


camera (viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject


camera (viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject• Low Angle - Camera is below the subject looking up

on it. Since this is the child perspective of an adult, the low angle is thought to strengthen the subject. Anyone above your view is a superior, threatening or dominant.

PerspectiveLow Angle

PerspectiveLow Angle – “Jaws”


camera (viewer) to the subject.• Eye Level - Camera is placed face on to the subject• Low Angle - Camera is below the subject looking up

on it. Since this is the child perspective of an adult, the low angle is thought to strengthen the subject. Anyone above your view is a superior, threatening or dominant.

• High Angle - Camera is above the subject looking down on it. Since this is the adult perspective of a child, the high angle is thought to weaken the subject. Anyone below your view is subordinate.

PerspectiveHigh Angle


“Footlight Parade” (1933) Lloyd BaconChoreography by Busby Berkeley


“Golddiggers of 1935” (1935) Busby Berkeley




“Psycho” (1960) Alfred Hitchcock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--v0-I0waqs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--v0-I0waqs

PerspectiveHigh Angle – “Jaws”

PerspectiveCanted / Dutch / Oblique Angle



“The Third Man” (1949) Carol Reed



“Batman” (1966) Leslie H. Martinson

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3016507337716192329#

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3016507337716192329


“Being Human” (2010)

PerspectivePoint of View (POV)


Kuleshov Experiment (1910s)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gLBXikghE0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gLBXikghE0


“Rear Window” (1954) Alfred Hitchcock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLL8HY8MSPs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLL8HY8MSPs


http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/222833/Dr-Jekyll-and-Mr-Hyde-Movie-Clip-What-is-it-Poole-.html

“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” (1932) Rouben Mamoulian





“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” (1932) Rouben Mamoulian


http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/34657/Lady-In-The-Lake-The-Original-Trailer-.html

“The Lady in the Lake” (1946) Robert Montgomery




“Halloween” (1978) John Carpenter


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpb13mDBP1I

“Doom” (2005) Andrzej Bartkowiak

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpb13mDBP1I


“Jaws” (1975) Steven Spielberg

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Normal lens – A lens that creates an image similar to

way we normally see the world.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Wide Angle Lenses – Provide a wider field of view,

deeper focus, and exaggerated depth.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Wide Angle Lenses – Provide a wider field of view,

deeper focus, and exaggerated depth.• Fish eye lens – Extreme wide angle.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Wide Angle Lenses – “Seconds” John Frankenheimer

(1966)

http://youtu.be/VI86izb9Qkwhttp://youtu.be/DQhlCRpuX8Y

http://youtu.be/VI86izb9Qkw

http://youtu.be/VI86izb9Qkw

http://youtu.be/DQhlCRpuX8Y

http://youtu.be/DQhlCRpuX8Y

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Telephoto Lenses – Provide a narrower, magnified

field of view, shallow focus, and compressed depth.

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication -Lenses• Telephoto Lenses – Provide a narrower, magnified

field of view, shallow focus, and compressed depth.• “The Graduate” (1967) Mike Nichols

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9eIXN6Sp40

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9eIXN6Sp40

Technology of Motion PicturesIntrashot Communication• Focus - An image that is sharp with details precisely

defined.


defined. • Deep Focus -When everything, or almost everything,

in a shot is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.

FocusDeep Focus

“Citizen Kane” (1941) Orson Welles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UeqAXas-oA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UeqAXas-oA

FocusDeep Focus

“Citizen Kane” (1941) Orson Welles



in a shot is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.• Soft Focus - Certain creative situations call for

images that are not harsh and sharp but muted. Soft focus is usually achieved by placing something in front of the lens (gauze), something on the lens (Vaseline), or slightly defocusing the lens. Older actors used to insist on gauze shots in closeups in order to hide the signs of their age.

FocusSoft Focus

“Casablanca” (1942) Michael Curtiz

FocusSoft Focus

“Vampyr” (1931) Carl Theodor Dreyer

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82463/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Shadows.htmlhttp://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82468/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Coffin.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82463/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Shadows.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82463/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Shadows.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82468/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Coffin.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/82468/Vampyr-Movie-Clip-Coffin.html



in a shot is clearly in focus, deep focus is achieved.• Soft Focus - Certain creative situations call for

images that are not harsh and sharp but muted. Soft focus is usually achieved by placing something in front of the lens (gauze), something on the lens (Vaseline), or slightly defocusing the lens. Older actors used to insist on gauze shots in closeups in order to hide the signs of their age.

• Selective Focus - Deciding which elements in a shot will be in and out of focus.

• Rack Focus - Shifting focus during a shot.

FocusSelective Focus / Rack Focus

“The Young Victoria” (2010) Jean-Marc Vallee

FocusSelective Focus / Rack Focus

“Apricot” (2009) Ben Briand

EMC 3000 Lecture 3 - Within the Frame

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