EMC / JOUR 3000 INTRO TO MOTION

PICTURES

Edward Bowen

Lecture Five – The Bare Bleached Bones of Silent Film History

History of Motion Pictures• 1695 – Dutch scientist Christian Huygens invents the

magic lantern.

History of Motion Pictures• 1695 – Dutch scientist Christian Huygens invents the

magic lantern.• 1790 – Phantasmagoria, the forerunner of the horror

movie, is projected in Paris.

History of Motion Pictures• 1695 – Dutch scientist Christian Huygens invents the

magic lantern.• 1790 – Phantasmagoria, the forerunner of the horror

movie, is projected in Paris.• 1877 – Eadweard Muybridge creates sequential

images of a horse galloping.

History of Motion Pictures• 1695 – Dutch scientist Christian Huygens invents the

magic lantern.• 1790 – Phantasmagoria, the forerunner of the horror

movie, is projected in Paris.• 1877 – Eadweard Muybridge creates sequential

images of a horse galloping.• 1879 – Muybridge creates the Zoopraxiscope to

project drawings based on his sequential photographs.

History of Motion Pictures

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0r7lRbs96g

Magic Lantern, Phantasmagoria, Muybridge, Edison

History of Motion Pictures

http://vimeo.com/13883000

Muybridge, Zoopraxiscope

History of Motion Pictures1888 – Louis Le Prince, a Frenchman who also worked in the United Kingdom and the United States, is granted an American patent for a 16 lens combination motion picture camera and projector. He is refused a patent for a single-lens system due to an interfering previous patent.

History of Motion Pictures1888 - On October 8, Thomas Edison announces his plans for a moving picture device.

"I am experimenting upon an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion ...."--Thomas A. Edison, 1888

History of Motion Pictures1888 - On October 14, Louis Le Prince films moving picture sequences using a single lens camera and Eastman’s paper film. They were publicly exhibited but not distributed.

History of Motion Pictures1888 - On October 14, Louis Le Prince films moving picture sequences using a single lens camera and Eastman’s paper film. They were publicly exhibited but not distributed.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkUKC7xCO2Ahttp://youtu.be/L7saH58usq4

History of Motion Pictures1890 – On September 16, Louis Le Prince disappears and is never seen again. He was about to patent his 1889 projector in the UK and then leave Europe for his scheduled New York official exhibition.

History of Motion Pictures1891 – On August 24, Edison is granted patents for the Kinetograph, a motion camera …

History of Motion Pictures1891 – On August 24, Edison is granted patents for the Kinetograph, a motion camera … and the Kinetoscope, a peep show device for viewing the motion pictures.

History of Motion Pictures1891 – On August 24, Edison is granted patents for the Kinetograph, a motion camera, and the Kinetoscope, a peep show device for viewing the motion pictures.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRIjUYh3MEs

History of Motion PicturesThomas EdisonW.K.L. Dickson

History of Motion Pictures1891 – Mira Edison’s Women’s Clubs of America members are shown what Edison and historians wil claim as the first true moving picture.•Edison: “Dickson Greeting”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PVintjK5lKU

History of Motion Pictures1892 – The first full fledged movie studio, the Black Maria, is built as W.K.L. Dickson and Edison increase their movie output.

History of Motion Pictures1892 – The first full fledged movie studio, the Black Maria, is built as W.K.L. Dickson and Edison increase their movie output.

http://www.veoh.com/browse/videos/category/entertainment/watch/v16138548dfCbP8TH

History of Motion Pictures1894 – Edison and Dickson take their invention, the Kinetograph, public and on April 14th the first “Kinetoscope Parlor” opens on Broadway in New York City. Edison and Dickson produce over 75 peepshow snippets for show this year.

History of Motion Pictures1894 –Edison: “The Sneeze” “Sandow” “Carmencita” “Leonard-Cushing Fight” “The Boxing Cats” “Sioux Ghost Dance” “Buffalo Dance” “Bucking Bronco” “Annie Oakley” “Imperial Japanese Dance”

History of Motion Pictures1895 - C. Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat developed a motion picture projection device they called the Phantoscope. Edison acquires the rights, tweaks it and changes the name to Vitascope, which debuts in New York City on April 23, 1896.

History of Motion PicturesThomas EdisonThe Films (1891 – 1918)

http://youtu.be/jBoyzwLBXpU Edison.mov

History of Motion Pictures1895 – French brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiere invent a hand-cranked camera and projector called “the cinematograph.” This invention showed films projected on a large screen for a sizeable audience and premiered at a Paris café in December 1895.

"The cinema is an invention without a future."-- Louis Lumiere

History of Motion PicturesAuguste and Louis Lumière – The CinematographeFilms (1895)

History of Motion PicturesAuguste and Louis Lumière – The CinematographeFilms (1895)

History of Motion PicturesAuguste and Louis Lumière – The CinematographeFilms (1895)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrhVvp2IfYA

History of Motion PicturesAuguste and Louis Lumière – The CinematographeZhang Yimou (1995)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shjoomJXX_s

History of Motion Pictures1896 - Edison’s Kinetoscope production, “The Kiss,” featuring popular stage star May Irwin, becomes the first screen kiss in cinematic history and for the first time cries for film censorship arise.•Edison: “Watermelon Eating Contest” “A Morning Bath”

History of Motion Pictures1896 - Edison’s Kinetoscope production, “The Kiss,” featuring popular stage star May Irwin, becomes the first screen kiss in cinematic history and for the first time cries for film censorship arise.•Edison: “Watermelon Eating Contest” “A Morning Bath”•Lumiere: “Leaving Jerusalem by Railway” “Demolition of a Wall”

History of Motion Pictures1896 - Edison’s Kinetoscope production, “The Kiss,” featuring popular stage star May Irwin, becomes the first screen kiss in cinematic history and for the first time cries for film censorship arise.•Edison: “Watermelon Eating Contest” “A Morning Bath”•Lumiere: “Leaving Jerusalem by Railway” “Demolition of a Wall”•Georges Melies’s First Films: Subjects: Trick Films and Actualities

History of Motion PicturesGeorges Meiles – The First Auteur (1890-1902)

http://youtu.be/7_Q0m0ouIWw

History of Motion Pictures1897 – Entrepreneurs realize the potential of film and begin making the first commercials and product placements.

Edison: “Admiral Cigarette” Subjects: Cuban War

http://youtu.be/_KmjYs1UcaY

History of Motion Pictures1900 – Edison hires Edwin S. Porter, the man who takes films from short scenes to an actual narrative with a beginning, middle and end. •Edison subjects: Boar War, Pan-American Exposition, Eiffel Tower, Trick Films, “Watermelon Eating Contest (Remake)”

History of Motion Pictures1900 – Edison hires Edwin S. Porter, the man who takes films from short scenes to an actual narrative with a beginning, middle and end. •Edison subjects: Boar War, Pan-Amercian Exposition, Eiffel Tower, Trick Films, “Watermelon Eating Contest (Remake)”•Melies: “The One-Man Band” “The Triple Conjurer and the Living Head”

History of Motion Pictures1901 – Edison’s first studio, the Black Maria, shuts down. •Edison subjects: President McKinley

History of Motion Pictures1902  •Edison: “Jack and the Beanstalk.” Porter strings together several scenes to tell a story.

History of Motion Pictures1902  •Edison: “Jack and the Beanstalk.” Porter strings together several scenes to tell a story.

•Melies had done this in 1899.

History of Motion Pictures1902  •Melies: “A Trip to the Moon”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wdEnlOcqNA

History of Motion Pictures1902  •Melies: “A Trip to the Moon”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CoOdCV18Vo

History of Motion Pictures1903 – The Black Maria is demolished.•Edison: “Life of an American Fireman”•Edison and Porter’s 12 minute film “The Great Train Robbery” becomes America’s first blockbuster film.

History of Motion PicturesThomas EdisonEdwin S. Porter – “Life of an American Fireman” and

“The Great Train Robbery” (1903)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmsCtNq29Go

History of Motion PicturesGeorges Melies - Over 500 films from 1896 to 1914

http://youtu.be/Y04KFNBC_5o

History of Motion Pictures“Hugo” 2011

http://youtu.be/Y04KFNBC_5o

History of Motion Pictures• 1904 Edison: “Cohen’s Fire Sale”

History of Motion Pictures1905 – Successful films make possible the development of store front movie theaters. By 1906 there are between four and five thousand Nickelodeons across the country, entertaining 2 million customers a day. •Edison: “The Watermelon Patch” “Laughing Gas”

History of Motion Pictures1908 – Edison founds and heads the Motion Picture Patents Company, known as “the Trust.” By 1910 the Trust controls half of all U.S. theaters.

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/index/?o_cid=mediaroomlink&cid=356133

“Nickeledeon” (1976) Peter Bogdanovich

History of Motion Pictures1908 – Edison founds and heads the Motion Picture Patents Company, known as “the Trust.” By 1910 the Trust controls half of all U.S. theaters.•D.W. Griffith directs his first film, “The Adventures of Dolly,” for American Mutoscope and Biograph.

History of Motion Pictures1908 – D.W. Griffith directs his first film, “The Adventures of Dolly,” for American Mutoscope and Biograph.

History of Motion Pictures1910 – D.W. Griffith starts traveling to Los Angeles to shoot films, following a trend that began in 1907.

History of Motion PicturesFrom 1908 to 1915, D.W. Griffith advances the art and technique of dramatic storytelling in film more than any other filmmaker.

History of Motion PicturesFrom 1908 to 1915, D.W. Griffith advances the art and technique of dramatic storytelling in film more than any other filmmaker.

History of Motion PicturesFrom 1908 to 1915, D.W. Griffith advances the art and technique of dramatic storytelling in film more than any other filmmaker.

History of Motion PicturesWomen in early cinema.

History of Motion Pictures1910 - 26 million people are going to the movies a year – roughly a quarter of the population.

1914 – Nearly every city in American with a population of more than 4,000 has a movie theater.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.•The U.S. House of Representatives denies women the right to vote.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.•The U.S. House of Representatives denies women the right to vote.•The Lincoln Memorial begins construction.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.•The U.S. House of Representatives denies women the right to vote.•The Lincoln Memorial begins construction.•Babe Ruth hits his first career home run.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.•The U.S. House of Representatives denies women the right to vote.•The Lincoln Memorial begins construction.•Babe Ruth hits his first career home run.•Jewish American Leo Frank is lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.•Sykes-Picot Agreement: The governments of Britain and France secretly agree to overtake the Middle-Eastern regions of the Ottoman Empire (mostly Syria and Iraq), and establish their own zones of influence.

History of Motion Pictures1915•The United States has yet to enter World War I.•The U.S. House of Representatives denies women the right to vote.•The Lincoln Memorial begins construction.•Babe Ruth hits his first career home run.•Jewish American Leo Frank is lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.•Sykes-Picot Agreement: The governments of Britain and France secretly agree to overtake the Middle-Eastern regions of the Ottoman Empire (mostly Syria and Iraq), and establish their own zones of influence.•1915 - The U.S. Department of Justice declares the Edison trust an illegal monopoly and breaks it up.

History of Motion PicturesFebruary 8, 1915

History of Motion Pictures“The Birth of a Nation”

27:54

History of Motion Pictures1916•Congress holds hearing on the possible federal censorship of content in movies; nothing is decided. •There are approximately 21,000 movie theaters in the United States with an average seating capacity of 500.•“Easy Street” Charlie Chaplin

History of Motion Pictures1919 – Oscar Michaeux produces his first motion pictures, “The Homesteader” and “Within Our Gates.

History of Motion Pictures1919 – Oscar Michaeux produces his first motion pictures, “The Homesteader” and “Within Our Gates.

“Midnight Ramble” (1994)

History of Motion Pictures1919 – Oscar Michaeux produces his first motion pictures, “The Homesteader” and “Within Our Gates.

“Midnight Ramble” (1994)

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine)

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhHi-G3A8-Y

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odCaLSKbu3o

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine) - German Expressionism

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine) - “Son of Frankenstein (1939)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91_LKlPaRcA

History of Motion Pictures1919 – “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Germany – Robert Weine) - “The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (2006)

“The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari” (2006)

History of Motion Pictures1920 – “The Mark of Zorro”

History of Motion Pictures1920 – “The Mark of Zorro”

http://youtu.be/yaBud6ii5Wk

History of Motion Pictures1920 – “The Mark of Zorro”

http://youtu.be/mE9qTexixh0

History of Motion Pictures1922 – “Cops”

History of Motion Pictures1925 – “The Battleship Potemkin” (Russia – Sergei Eisenstein)

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/336286/Battleship-Potemkin-Movie-Clip-Rotten-Meat.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/336287/Battleship-Potemkin-Movie-Clip-I-ll-Shoot-You-All-Like-Dogs-.html

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/336285/Battleship-Potemkin-The-Movie-Clip-Odessa-Steps.html

History of Motion Pictures1925 – “The Battleship Potemkin” (Russia – Sergei Eisenstein)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLEE2UL_N7Q

History of Motion Pictures1925 – “The Battleship Potemkin” (Russia – Sergei Eisenstein)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euG1y0KtP_Q

History of Motion Pictures1925 – “The Battleship Potemkin” (Russia – Sergei Eisenstein)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yH1tO2D3LCI

History of Motion Pictures1926 – “Metropolis” (Germany - Fritz Lang)

History of Motion Pictures1926 – “Metropolis” (Germany - Fritz Lang)

http://youtu.be/fM0cvLx1TKk

History of Motion Pictures1926 – “Metropolis” (Germany - Fritz Lang)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PAdQ5anhZE

History of Motion Pictures1926 – “Metropolis” (Germany - Fritz Lang)

History of Motion Pictures1926 – “Sunrise”

History of Motion Pictures1927 – “The Jazz Singer”

http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/299765/Jazz-Singer-The-Movie-Clip-You-Ain-t-Heard-Nothin-Yet-.html

History of Motion Pictures1927 – “The Jazz Singer”

http://youtu.be/v_4O5bpvxAA

History of Motion Pictures1927 – “The Jazz Singer”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PIaj7FNHnjQ

History of Motion Pictures1927 – “The Jazz Singer”