Elements of Music Mam Ven
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Transcript of Elements of Music Mam Ven
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Elements of Music
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Instrumentation
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Five Groups of InstrumentsPercussion Strings Brass Electronic Woodwinds
Drums Dulcimer Trumpet Synthesizer/
Keyboard
Bassoon
Cymbals Violin Tuba Panpipes
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Notation
Bar lines ~ vertical lines drawn through the staff tomark off measuresBass sign ~ appears at the beginning in a pieceClef sign ~ appear at the beginning in a piece
Grand Staff~ combined treble and bass staffKey signature ~ designation of sharps and flats atthe beginning of a composition to indicate its' basicscale and tonalityNatural ~ note that is neither sharp or a flatPitch ~ Music alphabet goes from A to GRest ~ type of notation is used to indicate silencein music
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Staff
Five parallel, equidistant lines withspaces in between.
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Bar Lines
A vertical line placed in a STAFF
to mark off MEASURES.
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Clefs Musical symbol that names lines and spaces. There
are two :
TREBLE Clef BASS Clef
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Treble Clef Also called the "G" clef because the loop at the bottom wraps
around the line on a staff for the 'G' note above middle 'C'. The Lines designate the following notes, in order from the
bottom, up : E,G, B, D, F. - This is easily remembered by
using the mnemonic "Every Good Boy Does Fine"
The spaces are for the notes F, A, C, E, in order from the
bottom up.
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Bass Clef
Also called the "F" clef as the dots are placed above and
below the line marking 'F' below middle 'C'.
The lines are labeled G, B, D, F, A or "Good Boys Do Fine
Always"
The spaces are called A, C, E G or "All cows eat grass"
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Ledger Lines
Lines added above or below the staff. In the picture
(left) both notes with ledger lines indicate middle C.
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C to C to C
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Reading Music
Quarter note ~ receives one beat in 4/4 time
Dot ~ adds half the value of the note to the note.
Fermata ~ symbol which indicates a hold
Flat ~ symbol that lowers a pitch by one half step
Sharp ~ symbol that raises a pitch by one half step
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Tempo
Speed of the music
Allegro ~ fast and lively tempo
Moderato ~ moderate tempo
Largo ~ very slow
Syncopation ~ a deliberate shift of thenormal pulse
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Melody
tune: a succession of notes forming a
distinctive sequence; She was humming an
air from Beethoven."
The part of the song you sing.
The main part of the song.
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Timbre
The character or quality of a sound that
distinguishes one instrument, voice, or other
sound source from another.
The blat of a tuba
The thundering of the bass
The wail of a harmonica
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Harmony
Harmony is the use and study of pitch simultaneity
and chords, actual or implied, in music. It is
sometimes referred to as the "vertical" aspect of
music, with melody being the "horizontal" aspect.
Very often, harmony is a result of counterpoint or
polyphony, several melodic lines or motifs being
played at once, though harmony may control the
counterpoint.
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Dynamics
Varying degrees of loud and soft.
Fortissimo (ff)very loud
Mezzo fortisimo (mf) medium loud
Mezzo pianissimo (mp) Medium soft
Pianissimo (pp) very softly
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More Music Definitions Al fine~ musical term which indicates "the end
Cadence ~ musical chord sequence moving to a harmonic close or point of rest giving a harmoniccompletion
Coda ~ short connecting section or an added ending or "Tag" at the end of a composition Crescendo < ~ play louder
D.C. (da Capo)~ means "from the beginning
D.S. (del Segno) ~ music term, which indicates the end of a section to be repeated
D.S. al Fine ~ musical term which indicates to go back to the sign and perform to the end
Duple meter~ 2/4 time
Harmonic progressions ~ used in the "Blues," harmonic device serves as the basis for musicalorganization
Homophonic ~ having a single melodic line with accompaniment, as in Motet or Choral sung infour parts
Modulation ~ change of key within a composition
Monophonic ~ one melody line, as in plain song or Gregorian Chant
Phrase ~ represents a complete musical idea, comparable to a complete sentence
Polyphonic ~ musical selection that has more than one melody line
Sonata-allegro form ~ musical form consisting of three sections: exposition, development andrecapitulation
Triads ~ term for a chord of three tones consisting of a root, a third and a fifth Triple meter~ time
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Musical Forms Rondocomposition consisting of a recurring
theme alternating with contrasting sections
Theme and variationsmusical form in which a
main idea is stated musically, then the idea is
varied Sonata-allegro formmusical form consisting
of three sections:
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation