Elements and Principles of Design - Tara -...
Transcript of Elements and Principles of Design - Tara -...
Elements and Principles of Design
Elements: Line Shape Form Color Value Texture Space
Principles: Balance Emphasis & Focal Point Contrast Movement Variety Pattern & Repetition Unity Harmony/Gestalt
Line A line is defined as a mark with length and direction, created by a point that moves across a surface. A line can vary in length, width, direction,
curvature, and color. Contour, Diagonal, Broken, Curved, Outline, Implied, Vertical, zigzag, Horizontal, Wavy, Slanted, Continuous, Solid, Narrow, Bold
Jasper Johns, 0-9 (continuous line) � Gesture drawing �
line
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm�
Andy Goldsworthy
LINE
Keith Haring
Shape Shape is an enclosed space defined by other elements
of art. Shape is 2-Dimensional
Shape can be: Geometric: Angular, man-made concept Organic: curvilinear - found in nature
Fernana Leger, The City� Matisse, from the series “Jazz”�
Picasso, Three Musicians
FORM Forms are 3-Dimensional Shapes. They have volume.
MC Escher, Self Portrait
Tamara de Lempicka Portrait of Ira P. 1925
Vincent Van Gogh, Shoes
Value
An element of art that refers to luminance or luminosity – the lightness or darkness of a color.
Value is an especially important element in works of art
when color is absent. This is particularly likely with drawings, printmaking, and photographs
Kathe Kollwitz,�Self portrait �
Value
Chuck Close �(made w/ thumbprints!) �
Edward Weston, Pepper �(photograph)
Texture Texture refers to the surface quality or "feel" of an object, such as
roughness, smoothness, or softness. Actual texture can be felt while simulated textures are implied by the way the artist renders the surface
area
Oppenheim�Fur-lined cup �
Texture
Actual and Implied
Golsdworthy�
Albrecht Durer �Rhinocerus �
Color Is an element of art with three properties 1) Hue, the name of the color, e.g. red, yellow, etc. 2) Intensity or the purity and strength of the color 3) Value, or the lightness or darkness of the color
Delauney�
Jasper Johns, Target �(primary colors)
Primary Colors
Piet Mondrian Wassily Kandinsky
Warm Colors
• Colors that are often described as being higher in temperature
• Reds, oranges, yellows • Associated with fire and sun • Optically, appear to advance • Stimulating and passionate
Ex. Warm
Cool
• Colors that are often described as being lower in temperature
• Greens, Blues, and Violet • Associated with water, sky, and spring • Optically, they appear to recede • Calming and depressing
Ex. Cool
Color and Mood
Picasso, the Old Guitarist �
Van Gogh, the Night Cafe
Space Space is the empty or open area between, around, above, below, or within objects. Shapes and forms are made by the space around and
within them. Space is often called three-dimensional or two- dimensional.
MC Escher �
Space Positive space is filled by a shape or form. Negative space surrounds a shape or form.
Space/Depth
May be created by overlapping, change in scale, perspective placement, color theory, or projection toward the
viewer.
David Hockney Place Furstenberg, Paris, August 7,8,9, 1985 -#11985
Balance Balance is a sense of stability in the body of work.
Balance can be symmetrical (formal) or assymmetrical (informal)
Wayne Thiebaud, Around the Cake (formal balance) �
Diane Arbus, Twins
Symmetrical/Formal Balance
Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper 1495-1498
Symmetrical Balance
Asymmetrical Balance
Edgar Degas (informal balance) �
Asymmetrical Balance
Variety When elements are changed in scale, color, or form.
Andy Warhol�
Stuart Davis�
Movement Movement adds excitement to your work by showing action and directing the
viewers eye throughout the picture plane.
Edward Munch, the Scream�
Movement
Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending Staircase �Umberto Boccioni, �
Unique forms of continuity in space�
Dominance & Subordination The part of a composition that is emphasized. It is the most important, powerful, or influential part in the composition
Emphasis & Focal Point Emphasis - Any forcefulness that gives importance to some feature or features of
an artwork; something singled out, stressed, or drawn attention to by means of contrast, anomaly, or counterpoint
Focal Point = portion of an artwork's composition on which interest or attention
centers
David Hockney�
Emphasis & Focal Point
Barbara Kruger � Rene Magritte �
Pattern & Repetition Involves multiples of the same element. Repeated elements can vary in size, color, or axis placement. Repeated elements can create a pattern. The use of
repetition may be applied to all Visual Elements. Motion can be created by repetition.
William Morris �Arts and Crafts Movement �
Pattern & Repetition
Chuck Close, Self Portrait, detail�
Contrast A large difference between two things,
such as light and shadow, color and black/white
Andy Warhol�
Contrast
David, the Death of Marat�
Economy
Unity & Harmony The quality of wholeness or oneness (Gestalt) that is achieved through the
effective use of the elements and principles of design.
Claude Monet �Haystacks�
Unity
Cezanne �
Wayne Theibaud�
Unity
Van Gogh “Starry Night”�
What Elements and Principles stand out?
What Elements and Principles stand out?
Goya, “The 5th of May”
Gauguin
What Elements and Principles stand out?
What Elements and Principles stand out?